Make It Tea

Formatting Syntax

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 04 Mar 2025 06:44:15 +0000

Formatting Syntax

DokuWiki supports some simple markup language, which tries to make the datafiles to be as readable as possible. This page contains all possible syntax you may use when editing the pages. Simply have a look at the source of this page by pressing “Edit this page”. If you want to try something, just use the playground page. The simpler markup is easily accessible via quickbuttons, too.

Basic Text Formatting

DokuWiki supports bold, italic, underlined and monospaced texts. Of course you can combine all these.

DokuWiki supports **bold**, //italic//, __underlined__ and ''monospaced'' texts.
Of course you can **__//''combine''//__** all these.

You can use _subscript and ^superscript, too.

You can use <sub>subscript</sub> and <sup>superscript</sup>, too.

You can mark something as ~~deleted~~ as well.

You can mark something as <del>deleted</del> as well.

Paragraphs are created from blank lines. If you want to force a newline without a paragraph, you can use two backslashes followed by a whitespace or the end of line.

This is some text with some linebreaks
Note that the two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line
or followed by
a whitespace \\this happens without it.

This is some text with some linebreaks\\ Note that the
two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line\\
or followed by\\ a whitespace \\this happens without it.

You should use forced newlines only if really needed.

Links

DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links.

External

External links are recognized automagically: http://www.google.com or simply www.google.com - You can set the link text as well: This Link points to google. Email addresses like this one: andi@splitbrain.org are recognized, too.

DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links. External links are recognized
automagically: http://www.google.com or simply www.google.com - You can set
link text as well: [[http://www.google.com|This Link points to google]]. Email
addresses like this one: <andi@splitbrain.org> are recognized, too.

Internal

Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give a pagename or use an additional link text.

Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give
a [[pagename]] or use an additional [[pagename|link text]].

Wiki pagenames are converted to lowercase automatically, special characters are not allowed.

You can use namespaces by using a colon in the pagename.

You can use [[some:namespaces]] by using a colon in the pagename.

For details about namespaces see namespaces.

Linking to a specific section is possible, too. Just add the section name behind a hash character as known from HTML. This links to this Section.

This links to [[syntax#internal|this Section]].

Notes:

Links to existing pages are shown in a different style from nonexisting ones.
DokuWiki does not use CamelCase to automatically create links by default, but this behavior can be enabled in the config file. Hint: If DokuWiki is a link, then it's enabled.
When a section's heading is changed, its bookmark changes, too. So don't rely on section linking too much.

Interwiki

DokuWiki supports Interwiki links. These are quick links to other Wikis. For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis: Wiki.

DokuWiki supports [[doku>Interwiki]] links. These are quick links to other Wikis.
For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis: [[wp>Wiki]].

Windows Shares

Windows shares like this are recognized, too. Please note that these only make sense in a homogeneous user group like a corporate Intranet.

Windows Shares like [[\\server\share|this]] are recognized, too.

Notes:

For security reasons direct browsing of windows shares only works in Microsoft Internet Explorer per default (and only in the “local zone”).
For Mozilla and Firefox it can be enabled through different workaround mentioned in the Mozilla Knowledge Base. However, there will still be a JavaScript warning about trying to open a Windows Share. To remove this warning (for all users), put the following line in conf/lang/en/lang.php (more details at localization):
conf/lang/en/lang.php
```
<?php
/**
 * Customization of the english language file
 * Copy only the strings that needs to be modified
 */
$lang['js']['nosmblinks'] = '';
```

Image Links

You can also use an image to link to another internal or external page by combining the syntax for links and images (see below) like this:

[[http://php.net|{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}]]

Please note: The image formatting is the only formatting syntax accepted in link names.

The whole image and link syntax is supported (including image resizing, internal and external images and URLs and interwiki links).

Footnotes

You can add footnotes ²⁾ by using double parentheses.

You can add footnotes ((This is a footnote)) by using double parentheses.

Sectioning

You can use up to five different levels of headlines to structure your content. If you have more than three headlines, a table of contents is generated automatically – this can be disabled by including the string ~~NOTOC~~ in the document.

Headline Level 3

Headline Level 4

Headline Level 5

==== Headline Level 3 ====
=== Headline Level 4 ===
== Headline Level 5 ==

By using four or more dashes, you can make a horizontal line:

Media Files

You can include external and internal images, videos and audio files with curly brackets. Optionally you can specify the size of them.

Real size:

Resize to given width:

Resize to given width and height³⁾:

Resized external image:

Real size:                        {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
Resize to given width:            {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?50}}
Resize to given width and height: {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?200x50}}
Resized external image:           {{https://www.php.net/images/php.gif?200x50}}

By using left or right whitespaces you can choose the alignment.

{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}

Of course, you can add a title (displayed as a tooltip by most browsers), too.

{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png |This is the caption}}

For linking an image to another page see Image Links above.

Supported Media Formats

DokuWiki can embed the following media formats directly.

Image	`gif`, `jpg`, `png`
Video	`webm`, `ogv`, `mp4`
Audio	`ogg`, `mp3`, `wav`
Flash	`swf`

If you specify a filename that is not a supported media format, then it will be displayed as a link instead.

By adding ?linkonly you provide a link to the media without displaying it inline

{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?linkonly}}

dokuwiki-128.png This is just a link to the image.

Fallback Formats

Unfortunately not all browsers understand all video and audio formats. To mitigate the problem, you can upload your file in different formats for maximum browser compatibility.

For example consider this embedded mp4 video:

{{video.mp4|A funny video}}

When you upload a video.webm and video.ogv next to the referenced video.mp4, DokuWiki will automatically add them as alternatives so that one of the three files is understood by your browser.

Additionally DokuWiki supports a “poster” image which will be shown before the video has started. That image needs to have the same filename as the video and be either a jpg or png file. In the example above a video.jpg file would work.

Lists

Dokuwiki supports ordered and unordered lists. To create a list item, indent your text by two spaces and use a * for unordered lists or a - for ordered ones.

This is a list
The second item
- You may have different levels
Another item

The same list but ordered
Another item
1. Just use indention for deeper levels
That's it

  * This is a list
  * The second item
    * You may have different levels
  * Another item

  - The same list but ordered
  - Another item
    - Just use indention for deeper levels
  - That's it

Also take a look at the FAQ on list items.

Text Conversions

DokuWiki can convert certain pre-defined characters or strings into images or other text or HTML.

The text to image conversion is mainly done for smileys. And the text to HTML conversion is used for typography replacements, but can be configured to use other HTML as well.

Text to Image Conversions

DokuWiki converts commonly used emoticons to their graphical equivalents. Those Smileys and other images can be configured and extended. Here is an overview of Smileys included in DokuWiki:

8-)
8-O
:-(
:-)
=)
:-/
:-\
:-?
:-D
:-P
:-O
:-X
:-|
;-)
^_^
m(
:?:
:!:
LOL
FIXME
DELETEME

Text to HTML Conversions

Typography: DokuWiki can convert simple text characters to their typographically correct entities. Here is an example of recognized characters.

→ ← ↔ ⇒ ⇐ ⇔ » « – — 640×480 © ™ ® “He thought 'It's a man's world'…”

-> <- <-> => <= <=> >> << -- --- 640x480 (c) (tm) (r)
"He thought 'It's a man's world'..."

The same can be done to produce any kind of HTML, it just needs to be added to the pattern file.

There are three exceptions which do not come from that pattern file: multiplication entity (640×480), 'single' and “double quotes”. They can be turned off through a config option.

Quoting

Some times you want to mark some text to show it's a reply or comment. You can use the following syntax:

I think we should do it

> No we shouldn't

>> Well, I say we should

> Really?

>> Yes!

>>> Then lets do it!

I think we should do it

No we shouldn't

Well, I say we should

Really?

Yes!

Then lets do it!

Tables

DokuWiki supports a simple syntax to create tables.

Heading 1	Heading 2	Heading 3
Row 1 Col 1	Row 1 Col 2	Row 1 Col 3
Row 2 Col 1	some colspan (note the double pipe)
Row 3 Col 1	Row 3 Col 2	Row 3 Col 3

Table rows have to start and end with a | for normal rows or a ^ for headers.

^ Heading 1      ^ Heading 2       ^ Heading 3          ^
| Row 1 Col 1    | Row 1 Col 2     | Row 1 Col 3        |
| Row 2 Col 1    | some colspan (note the double pipe) ||
| Row 3 Col 1    | Row 3 Col 2     | Row 3 Col 3        |

To connect cells horizontally, just make the next cell completely empty as shown above. Be sure to have always the same amount of cell separators!

Vertical tableheaders are possible, too.

	Heading 1	Heading 2
Heading 3	Row 1 Col 2	Row 1 Col 3
Heading 4	no colspan this time
Heading 5	Row 2 Col 2	Row 2 Col 3

As you can see, it's the cell separator before a cell which decides about the formatting:

|              ^ Heading 1            ^ Heading 2          ^
^ Heading 3    | Row 1 Col 2          | Row 1 Col 3        |
^ Heading 4    | no colspan this time |                    |
^ Heading 5    | Row 2 Col 2          | Row 2 Col 3        |

You can have rowspans (vertically connected cells) by adding ::: into the cells below the one to which they should connect.

Heading 1	Heading 2	Heading 3
Row 1 Col 1	this cell spans vertically	Row 1 Col 3
Row 2 Col 1		Row 2 Col 3
Row 3 Col 1		Row 2 Col 3

Apart from the rowspan syntax those cells should not contain anything else.

^ Heading 1      ^ Heading 2                  ^ Heading 3          ^
| Row 1 Col 1    | this cell spans vertically | Row 1 Col 3        |
| Row 2 Col 1    | :::                        | Row 2 Col 3        |
| Row 3 Col 1    | :::                        | Row 2 Col 3        |

You can align the table contents, too. Just add at least two whitespaces at the opposite end of your text: Add two spaces on the left to align right, two spaces on the right to align left and two spaces at least at both ends for centered text.

Table with alignment
right	center	left
left	right	center
xxxxxxxxxxxx	xxxxxxxxxxxx	xxxxxxxxxxxx

This is how it looks in the source:

^           Table with alignment           ^^^
|         right|    center    |left          |
|left          |         right|    center    |
| xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx |

Note: Vertical alignment is not supported.

No Formatting

If you need to display text exactly like it is typed (without any formatting), enclose the area either with <nowiki> tags or even simpler, with double percent signs %%.

This is some text which contains addresses like this: http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done with it. The same is true for //__this__ text// with a smiley ;-).

<nowiki>
This is some text which contains addresses like this: http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done with it.
</nowiki>
The same is true for %%//__this__ text// with a smiley ;-)%%.

Code Blocks

You can include code blocks into your documents by either indenting them by at least two spaces (like used for the previous examples) or by using the tags <code> or <file>.

This is text is indented by two spaces.

This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like              <-this

This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that you quoted a file.

Those blocks were created by this source:

  This is text is indented by two spaces.

<code>
This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like              <-this
</code>

<file>
This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that you quoted a file.
</file>

Syntax Highlighting

DokuWiki can highlight sourcecode, which makes it easier to read. It uses the GeSHi Generic Syntax Highlighter – so any language supported by GeSHi is supported. The syntax uses the same code and file blocks described in the previous section, but this time the name of the language syntax to be highlighted is included inside the tag, e.g. <code java> or <file java>.

/**
 * The HelloWorldApp class implements an application that
 * simply displays "Hello World!" to the standard output.
 */
class HelloWorldApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello World!"); //Display the string.
    }
}

The following language strings are currently recognized: 4cs 6502acme 6502kickass 6502tasm 68000devpac abap actionscript3 actionscript ada aimms algol68 apache applescript apt_sources arm asm asp asymptote autoconf autohotkey autoit avisynth awk bascomavr bash basic4gl batch bf biblatex bibtex blitzbasic bnf boo caddcl cadlisp ceylon cfdg cfm chaiscript chapel cil c_loadrunner clojure c_mac cmake cobol coffeescript c cpp cpp-qt cpp-winapi csharp css cuesheet c_winapi dart dcl dcpu16 dcs delphi diff div dos dot d ecmascript eiffel email epc e erlang euphoria ezt f1 falcon fo fortran freebasic freeswitch fsharp gambas gdb genero genie gettext glsl gml gnuplot go groovy gwbasic haskell haxe hicest hq9plus html html4strict html5 icon idl ini inno intercal io ispfpanel java5 java javascript jcl j jquery julia kixtart klonec klonecpp kotlin latex lb ldif lisp llvm locobasic logtalk lolcode lotusformulas lotusscript lscript lsl2 lua m68k magiksf make mapbasic mathematica matlab mercury metapost mirc mk-61 mmix modula2 modula3 mpasm mxml mysql nagios netrexx newlisp nginx nimrod nsis oberon2 objc objeck ocaml-brief ocaml octave oobas oorexx oracle11 oracle8 oxygene oz parasail parigp pascal pcre perl6 perl per pf phix php-brief php pic16 pike pixelbender pli plsql postgresql postscript povray powerbuilder powershell proftpd progress prolog properties providex purebasic pycon pys60 python qbasic qml q racket rails rbs rebol reg rexx robots roff rpmspec rsplus ruby rust sas sass scala scheme scilab scl sdlbasic smalltalk smarty spark sparql sql sshconfig standardml stonescript swift systemverilog tclegg tcl teraterm texgraph text thinbasic tsql twig typoscript unicon upc urbi uscript vala vbnet vb vbscript vedit verilog vhdl vim visualfoxpro visualprolog whitespace whois winbatch wolfram xbasic xml xojo xorg_conf xpp yaml z80 zxbasic

There are additional advanced options available for syntax highlighting, such as highlighting lines or adding line numbers.

Downloadable Code Blocks

When you use the <code> or <file> syntax as above, you might want to make the shown code available for download as well. You can do this by specifying a file name after language code like this:

<file php myexample.php>
<?php echo "hello world!"; ?>
</file>

myexample.php

<?php echo "hello world!"; ?>

If you don't want any highlighting but want a downloadable file, specify a dash (-) as the language code: <code - myfile.foo>.

RSS/ATOM Feed Aggregation

DokuWiki can integrate data from external XML feeds. For parsing the XML feeds, SimplePie is used. All formats understood by SimplePie can be used in DokuWiki as well. You can influence the rendering by multiple additional space separated parameters:

Parameter	Description
any number	will be used as maximum number items to show, defaults to 8
reverse	display the last items in the feed first
author	show item authors names
date	show item dates
description	show the item description. All HTML tags will be stripped
nosort	do not sort the items in the feed
n[dhm]	refresh period, where d=days, h=hours, m=minutes. (e.g. 12h = 12 hours).

The refresh period defaults to 4 hours. Any value below 10 minutes will be treated as 10 minutes. DokuWiki will generally try to supply a cached version of a page, obviously this is inappropriate when the page contains dynamic external content. The parameter tells DokuWiki to re-render the page if it is more than refresh period since the page was last rendered.

By default the feed will be sorted by date, newest items first. You can sort it by oldest first using the reverse parameter, or display the feed as is with nosort.

Example:

{{rss>http://slashdot.org/index.rss 5 author date 1h }}

Scientists Find Sugar Deep In Our Galaxy by BeauHD (14/07/26 08:05 BST)
Over 200 Economists Say 'We Must Act Now' On AI's Economic Impact by BeauHD (14/07/26 04:30 BST)
Microsoft Promises To Fix Search With Major Windows 11 Overhaul by BeauHD (14/07/26 00:00 BST)
US Government Warns That Russia State Hackers Are Coming After Your Router by BeauHD (13/07/26 23:00 BST)
German Firm Files For Insolvency After Cybercriminals Shut Down Production For 6 Weeks by BeauHD (13/07/26 22:12 BST)

Control Macros

Some syntax influences how DokuWiki renders a page without creating any output it self. The following control macros are availble:

Macro	Description
~~NOTOC~~	If this macro is found on the page, no table of contents will be created
~~NOCACHE~~	DokuWiki caches all output by default. Sometimes this might not be wanted (eg. when the <php> syntax above is used), adding this macro will force DokuWiki to rerender a page on every call

Syntax Plugins

DokuWiki's syntax can be extended by Plugins. How the installed plugins are used is described on their appropriate description pages. The following syntax plugins are available in this particular DokuWiki installation:

Blockquote Plugin 2020-09-27 by Anika Henke (previous author: Gina Haeussge)
Write quotations in a semantically correct way
Blog 2023-10-24 by Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Use DokuWiki as blogging tool. (previous authors: Esther Brunner)
catlist plugin 2023-12-16 by Félix Faisant
List pages and namespaces recursively
Changes Plugin 2023-12-14 by Andreas Gohr
List the most recent changes of the wiki
Cloud Plugin 2023-02-11 by Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Displays the most used words in a word cloud.
color syntax plugin 2022-10-19 by Harald Hanche-Olsen
Write colored text in DokuWiki.
Comment Syntax support 2022-01-01 by Satoshi Sahara
Allow to use source comment syntax to leave edit instructions of the page. Comments are visible only in the source view, not rendered as any page elements.
config:htmlok Plugin 2023-07-12 by Luis Machuca Bezzaza
Enables raw HTML like the old 'config:htmlok' behaviour.
discussion plugin 2025-07-04 by Michael Hamann, Gerrit Uitslag, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner, Matthias Schulte
Provides discussion funtionality for wiki pages
Encrypted Passwords Plugin 2023-12-20 by Andreas Gohr
This plugin let you store 256 bit AES encrypted passwords in your DokuWiki pages. The password can be decrypted by clicking them (Javascript must be enabled).
folded plugin 2023-07-22 by Michael Hamann, Fabian van-de-l_Isle, Christopher Smith, Esther Brunner
Foldable page sections
iframe plugin 2023-08-17 by Christopher Smith
Allows external URLs to be loaded into an iframe in your DokuWiki page.
include plugin 2025-07-22 by Michael Hamann, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner
Functions to include another page in a wiki page
Info Plugin 2020-06-04 by Andreas Gohr
Displays information about various DokuWiki internals
keyboard 2023-02-23 by Gina Häußge
The keyboard plugin provides a combined syntax and action plugin in order to markup text as keyboard keys, similar to (and making use of) the existing (X)HTML tag <kbd>…</kbd>. A quick button for the markup is automatically inserted into the toolbar of the edit form.
Lastmod Plugin 2016-02-03 by Dennis Ploeger
Displays the timestamp of the last modification of the current or another page.
log plugin 2019-02-27 by Adrian Lang
Provide simple logs
Note Plugin 2024-04-15 by Anael Mobilia
Add Note/Important/Tip/Warning Capability (DIV+CSS box)
nspages plugin 2024-11-22 by Guillaume Turri
Presents a toc of the selected namespace using <nspages>
Numbered Headings 2023-09-12 by Satoshi Sahara
Prepend tiered numbers as indexes for hierarchical headings
orphanswanted plugin 2023-05-30 by Doug Edmunds, Cyrille37, Federico Ariel Castagnini, Andy Webber, Matthias Schulte, Christian Paul, alexdraconian
Display Orphans, Wanteds and Valid link tables
Pagelist Plugin 2023-08-27 by Matthias Schulte, Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Lists pages in a nice formatted way
PageQuery Plugin 2025-03-04 by Mark C. Prins, previously Symon Bent
Search for (fulltext) and list wiki pages, sorted and optionally grouped by name, date, creator, abc, etc. in columns. Insert the pagequery markup wherever you want your list to appear. E.g.{{pagequery>[query;fulltext;sort=key:direction,key2:direction;group;limit=??;cols=?;inwords;proper]}} [..] = optional
tabbox plugin 2018-04-29 by Andreas Gohr
Insert a tabbed box in a page
Tag Plugin 2023-10-17 by Michael Hamann, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner
tag wiki pages
ToDo 2025-08-26 by Leo Eibler, Christian Marg, Markus Gschwendt, Robert Weinmeister
Create a checkbox based todo list with optional user assignment (basic syntax: <todo>This is a ToDo</todo>). It can also be used as a lightweight task list management system.
Wrap Plugin 2023-08-13 by Anika Henke
Universal plugin which combines functionalities of many other plugins. Wrap wiki text inside containers (divs or spans) and give them a class (choose from a variety of preset classes), a width and/or a language with its associated text direction.

²⁾

This is a footnote

³⁾

when the aspect ratio of the given width and height doesn't match that of the image, it will be cropped to the new ratio before resizing

Radio Update - QRP etc

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 09:05:14 +0000

Radio Update - QRP etc

After setting up a basic station in the small “office” - just one rig and my keys - I decided to make a “real” hamshack with more radios, some tools, test equipment etc.

I added two shelves above the desk to hold radios, PSUs, 'scope, tools etc. I've now got a “one-desk shack” that can be used for operating on air and building & repairing equipment (on a small scale)

I found that the stock mic for my FT891 was faulty - the mic element is open-circuit - so I bought a Heil HMM fist mic and spent some time setting up the EQ for a reasonable “communications” quality audio. I'm not naturally a 'phone operator, so I'll not be having lots of “ragchew” QSOs, and “communications quality” is all I'm aiming for - to be audible - not quite as extreme as a Clansman but with enough HF emphasis, and enough compression to cut through the noise.

I though briefly about limiting myself to SSB for a few months, to get used to talking on the radio, but that's NEVER going to happen.

The QMX

Then I found a box with an unbuilt QRPLabs "QMX" kit! I'd bought it in August 2023, and hadn't built it. I have a QCX-mini for 40m and it's a great little radio, and I thought the QMX would be the next obvious step. Then I forgot about it.

So, on Saturday I got the box, opened it. Printed out the Assembly Manual. Watched Hans's You Tube video highlighting the pitfalls. And got started.

The first thing was to check if my early (Rev 1) board has the “Power Board Short” issue - and it did - so I got out my hot-air station and moved the MOSFET a mm or two to remove the short.

Then down to business…. building.

I did it all in one day, with the occasional break for food, dog walk, etc….. The most challenging thing was winding the 2 binocular ferrite transformers - the PA output transformer and the SWR brigge transformer. The “normal” toroid cores were all straightforward.

I built it for 9V operation (this determines the form of the PA output transformer).

I worked first time. Which is amazing given the small size and relatively dense component layout.

On a PSU set for 9V I get at least 5W on all bands. I made a string of 4 x 1N4001 diodes to drop ~2.4V and powered it from the normal shack supply. And used the handy config option “Limit PA Volts” to set a limit of 9.5V. This gives a comfortable 5W on all bands without any risk of overheating the finals etc.

I've used it on WSPR - both via WSJT-X and using the internal standalone WSPR Beacon mode.

I upgraded to the current beta firmware 1_04_002 and the main change seems to be the removal of the Beacon mode and its replacement with “Virtual U3S” - a mimic of the functionality of the U3S multi-function beacon TX. Currently only WSPR is supported - but the other modes will follow. This works well - and allows a “schedule” to change frequency / Mode etc on sequential TX periods.

Back to QRP CW

Then I had to try it on CW.

My first CW QSO was on 30m with Rob, OK7SX, on Wednesday 29th.

Last night I had 3 x CW QSOs : F/FK8IK (Mic nr Vichy), IK3/UY7LA (Alex, nr Venice) on 30m and the icing on the cake was a chat with Will GM0HKS on 40m.

Will was using a K2 at 5W, but did mention that he still has the “wee K1” - that's my old K1 that I built back in 2003. I sold it (and deeply regret doing so) and it ended up in Will's care. We've had a few QSOs over the years and he never fails to mention the “wee K1”.

The next step

I've been thinking about where I want to go with radio recently.

What actually gives me pleasure?

What can I do to avoid the aspects of the hobby that spoil it for me?

Building and using the QMX reminded me of the fun I got with I first built the “wee K1” in 2003.

I hadn't been active in the hobby for many years, my log book shows a couple of FM contacts in 2002 with locals on the repeater, and prior to that I was using Packet Radio in 1994, while still living in Huddersfield and working at Holme Moss. The last time I'd actually been on HF CW was while I was at UMIST, in 1985 using the club station.

I built the K1 in 2003 and went CW crazy!

The basic chronology :

pre-2003
- 1983 - first licensed as G4SLV, still at school. Used 10mFM and 2m CW before going away to University in 1984
- 1984 - 1988 - at UMIST, and active in the Radio Society. Used club station for HF CW, as well as 70cm ATV and “other” things
- 1988 - 1995 - not much radio - some Packet on 2m
- 1995 - moved to Wick. Some HF SWL using my old AR88D. No “ham” radio
- 1999 - moved to Shetland. Some 2m activity on local repeater. Some HF SWL with AR88D and AR7030.
August 2003 - K1 - 2 bands - 40m / 20m - lots of QSOs. A very active phase on the hobby on-the-air.
Some time in 2004 - K1 - added 4 band board & concentrated on 40/30/20
Some time in 2004 - IC706MK2G - all bands - 100W - K1 use still frequent - but the lure of 100W was strong for a while - plus digimodes (PSK31 etc)
November 2004 - 60m use began - mostly SSB - K1 still in use for QRP CW
2007 - K2 added to the shack
July 2007 - Start of 500kHz “experiment”. All HF working stopped and lots of time spent with MF - Sold K1 & K2 and IC706. Bought IC718
Jan 2009 - Back to HF, mix of QRO and QRP. Mostly CW, Some SSB and digimodes
Nov 2010 - Back to 500kHz, with some HF mixed in.
Jan 2011 - Back to HF

At some point during the MF phase I sold the K1 and K2.

From 2012 I spent most of my time on 60m using digimodes, mostly Olivia. I still dabbled on HF CW. Mostly QRO. Bought IC7200 to add to the Shack.

The three main phases were

QRP CW on 40m/20m with K1
500kHz CW (and some WSPR etc)
60m Digimodes

Looking at my logbooks I can tell that I really delved deeply into QRP CW with the K1. I worked many, many people in many, many places and had a lot of fun with such a simple little radio.

The K2 was fun to build, but it got little use - I remember preferring the “wee K1” to its big brother. The 500kHz experiment in 2007 intervened and pushed the QRP HF rigs to the side and they were sold to fund “more important” items.

On 60m I had a lot of fun, learning a lot about the propagation on the band, and about the different behaviour of the various digimodes.

I came back to HF CW a few times - but nothing sparked joy like those early times with the K1.

The future?

Building the QMX has shown me that it's possible to have fun building and then have more fun using simple QRP radios. And this might be the push I need to get back into QRP.

It's more challenging these days - as most people in urban environments have raised noise levels and struggle to hear “normal weak signals” - but there are still people actively using QRP, and only QRP, to fully enjoy the hobby.

If I can't work someone due to my weak signal, then so be it… move on… there'll always be someone else to work.

One area I've never tried is QRP SSB. So I've turned the power on my FT891 (the “SSB rig”) down to 10 watts. I'll give it a try some time. But once more my focus is back to CW. And now with an additional slant - QRP, and only QRP.

I'll write more as I explore.

My G-QRP Club membership number is 2377, dating back to around 1984…. so I've been at it a long time, in fits and starts.

radio, cw, qrp, qmx

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:20:12 +0000

←3rd Party Firmware

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

A 3rd Party Firmware for the DM15 family of calculators

Overview of LF15C

Full development history in HP Forum thread New firmware for the Swissmicros DM15L

LF15C is written by HP Museum Forum member jebedeo
It is a replacement firmware for the Swiss Micros DM15C & DM15L calculators.
- also runs on the original DM15 credit card version no longer in production
It is not an emulation or an exact simulation of the HP15C
It runs directly on the hardware without an emulation layer.
It is very much faster than the stock firmware
It has full-time complex number support
- including display of the full real & imaginary parts on the LCD together 3.345 +22.356 i
It has a 4-level stack with full-time 2-level display of X and Y
All the main HP15C functions are included with the exception of Matrix support

Installing LF15C

DM15L running V32 or earlier (Linux)

sudo lpc21isp LF15C_250408.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
Press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start new firmware

DM15L running V33 or later (Linux)

This behaviour isn't consistent!

I've seen it be possible to flash and run LF15C directly after DM15 V34 with no problems.

I've also seen the problems described below, requiring downgrade to V32.

Just bear it in mind if you have problems starting LF15C after flashing it on top of V33-onwards

The new Swiss Micros firmware V33 changes the behaviour of the bootloader, and it appears to be impossible to flash 3rd party firmware when the calculator is running V33 or later.

The firmware appears to flash correctly, but on reset it will not start

The solution is to downgrade to V32 first, and then install LF15C

sudo lpc21isp DM15_M1B_32.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start V32 firmware
sudo lpc21isp LF15C_250408.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start new LF15C firmware

For installation using Windows

The Swiss Micros Voyager Update Tool will work to install LF15C
- Do not use the new Web Update tool
The same caveats regarding installation after using the Swiss Micros V33 apply
- First downgrade to V32
- Then flash with LF15C
You need to use the hidden reset button in all cases.

Files

Download from here

Latest LF15C firmware	lf15c_250408.hex
V32 firmware	dm15_m1b_32.hex
Swiss Micros Voyager Windows Update Tool	voyage_firmware_tool.zip

Download from HP Forum & Swiss Micros

The Firmware files are available from the HP Forum Thread for this firmware - at the foot of Post #1
- the version attached to Post #1 is always the latest available.
At present (Jan '26) there is also a beta version which is being used to test various compiler optimizations, and is buggy and best avoided.

Swiss Micros
- V32 Firmware DM15_M1B_32.hex
- Voyager Update Tool Voyager Firmware Update Tool

LF15C General Info

Full time complex stack shows real & imaginary parts together as e.g. Rectangular: 3.45 +4.34 i or Polar: 5.5442 ∠51.5177
maximum number range approx. ±1.797 x 10³⁰⁸
- largest integer factorial 170fx! = 7.2574 E306
smallest positive number approx. 1.00 10^-323 before 0 is returned
Precision 15 decimal places

π displays as 3.14159265358979
e displays as 2.71828182845905

Fingerprinting - see Fingerprinting

9SINCOSTANATANACOSASIN9-

-1.6584 x10 ^-10

User Programs can be saved/loaded via USB Serial port using a terminal emulator such as Putty

LF15C uses binary floating point representation, rather than the more common BCD.
- This improves the speed but introduces occasional small rounding errors

Example (Click to view)

HP15C functions

Fix / Sci / Eng display formats
√x / x²
e^x / Ln
10^x / Log
y^x / %
1/x / Δ%
Sin / ASin
Cos / ACos
Tan / ATan
Hyperbolics of Sin/Cos/Tan
CHS / ABS
EEX / π
Deg / Rad / Grad Angle Mode
→H.ms / →H Conversions
→Rad / →Deg Conversions
X!
- integer, non-integer, negative and complex support
Statistics
- Σ+ two variable accumulation
- mean
- standard deviation
- Linear Regression
  - slope / intercept
  - ŷ estimation / r correlation coefficient
Combinations / Permutations
Usual 4 level stack manipulations
- Last x
- Roll Down ↓
- Roll Up ↑
- Swap x ↔ y
- Swap x ↔ any Storage Register
100 storage registers (numbered 00-99)
- capable of saving Complex Numbers
Indirect Register pair I / (i)
Indirect Program Label / Line number addressing via Register I
Random Number Generator
Rounding
Fractional / Integer
Usual Keystroke Programming features
- SST/BST
- LBL
  - LBL A - E
  - LBL 00 - 99
- DSE / ISG
  - including usual loop control indexing
- Logical tests
- Branching
  - GTO
  - GSB
  - RTN
- PSE
- R/S
SF / CF / FS?
- 10 user flags for program control
Solver
- can be used via a program
Numerical Integration
- variable precision via display digit format
- can be used via a program
quick clear of
- Statistical data
- Individual Program
- All stored Programs
- Storage Registers (0-99, I and (i))
Full digit mantissa preview

HP15C features not supported

Matrix functions
User Mode
Memory management
- partitioning between Storage Registers and Program Space is not required or supported

DM15L features not supported

Real Time clock
Switchable 1-line display option (V33 feature)
CPU speed switching
Display Font options
Adjustable LCD contrast
Various self-tests
Conversions & Constants (V33 feature)

Speed tests

Very much faster than stock DM15L firmware … see Benchmarking

n-Queens

Calculator	Firmware	Time
DM15L	V34	202 seconds
DM42	3.23	7.30 seconds
DM15L*	LF15C 250408	0.992 seconds

Savage

Calculator	Firmware	Time
DM15L	V34	247 seconds
DM42	3.23	14.9 seconds
DM15L*	LF15C 250408	4.008 seconds

Using LF15C

Complex Numbers

The stack is permanently in complex mode and operates slightly differently to the stock HP15C

Making & manipulating a complex number

Press f I in normal mode to create & destroy a complex number from ⇔ to y and x on the stack.

Example (click to view)

Make a pure imaginary number by using fRe<>Im

Example (Click to view)

Rectangular and Polar modes for complex numbers

f →R and g→P do NOT to convert x and y stack levels between Rect and Polar values as in the HP15C
→R and →P are Mode Switching commands for the whole complex stack.
When in Polar mode ALL Complex numbers on the stack are in Magnitude / Angle format.
- The angle format can be Deg or Rad as appropriate

Example (click to view)

Arithmetic can be done in Rectangular or Polar mode.

Mode can be switched at any time - perhaps switching to Rectangular to enter a Rectangular format number, when working in Polar, and then switching back to Polar once it's been entered on the stack..
Intermediate calculations can be done whatever mode is current.
- this is unlike the HP15C, where complex arithmetic has to be done in Rectangular format - and Polar format numbers must be converted → R first.
To confirm the mode in use an annunciator P is always present when in Polar.
- No P means Rectangular mode is active.

Example (click to view)

Other features

Indirect addressing

Similar features to the standard HP15C, with differences due to increased Program Label numbers

Indirect Register pair I & (i)

Indirect Register pair I and (i) work in the usual way

Example (click to view)

Indirect Program Label addressing

As in the HP15C you can also indirectly address Program Labels using the contents of the I register to point to the label required.

The HP15C allowed 20 numerical Program Labels 0 - .9 which meant indirect addressing for Labels A - E was done by reference to 20 - 24 in Register I

LF15C has 100 numerical Program Labels so….

Store 00 - 99 in I to address numerical Program Labels 00 - 99

Store 100 - 104 I to address Program Labels A - E

Using GTO I or GSB I in a program will lead to a jump to the Program Label referred to by contents of Register I.

Changing Register I's contents (e.g. within a program) can then cause the execution of program to branch in different ways - this can be a very powerful mechanism!

Example (click to view)

Store 100 (for LBL A) in the indirect Register I

100STOI

Use the value stored in I as a Label indirectly by calling it from within a program.

LBL A is a small program to do a simple calculation (area of circle from radius held in x)

LBL B, which has the single command GTO I

Running LBL B fB actually runs the program in LBL A : GTO I is interpreted as GTO A.

LBL A
X^2
PI
*
RTN

LBL B
GTO I
RTN

Changing the contents of Register I will change where LBL B points to.

This allows you to make decisions and branches to different code communicated via the indirect register.

Storing 101 in Reg I and then running LBL B has the effect of an endless loop….. LBL B calls itself (indirectly via I=101)

Use R/S to interrupt the endless loop!

Using GTO I in LBL B means execution passes to LBL A and does not return to LBL B on completion.

Using GSB I in LBL B instead of GTO means that after running LBL A (via indirection) execution returns to LBL B and continues….

Indirect Program Line Number Addressing

Similar to the above, if the Indirect Register I contains a NEGATIVE number then a call to GTO I or GSB I will cause a branch to the absoloute Line Number referred to in I.

Example (Click to view)

0 Empty
1 LBL A
2 GTO I
5 RTN
6 LBL 88
8 X^2
9 PI
10 *
11 RTN
12 Empty

Storing 88 in Register I would make Program A branch to the Label 88 (line 6)

Storing -9 in Register I (9 CHS STO I) would make Program A branch to PI (at line 9) and bypass the X² instruction.

Line numbering isn't straightforward, as each instruction may use one or two line numbers depending on the instruction itself, so you have to be careful about which line you need to address.

And the rest

100 Storage Registers 00 - 99 are capable of storing Complex Numbers

Factorial / Gamma x! works on integer (positive), non-integer (positive and negative) and complex numbers

Program Mode shows human-readable text rather than HP15C op-codes
- 2-line display of Program being edited

Selection of logical tests can be done in usual HP15C fashion with TEST 0 - TEST 9
- Test can also be selected from a scrolling list of options after initially pressing gTEST with the choice being made via soft-keys & LCD Prompts

To run a program with a numeric label (i.e. other than LBL A → LBL E) press f LBL ##
- e.g. f LBL 88
- this is different than on the original HP15C where to run a label you used GSB##

In program mode, f CLEAR PREFIX places the runTime opCode in the program. runTime writes to x the program execution time once it's executed.

Deleting User Programs
- Delete a single program : f CLEAR PRGM followed by a label
- Delete ALL programs : f and long press CLEAR PRGM

FIX/SCI/ENG don't round numbers unless gRND is pressed.

fENGnn sets the number of significant digits as requested, UNLIKE the original HP15C where fENGn sets the significant digits to n + 1

There are 10 user flags, from 0 to 9.
- There are no LCD annunciators to show state, but flags can be set, cleared and tested for decision making in program branching

Long press GTO in program mode to access go to label feature (single press in run mode)
Long press GSB in program mode to access go to line number feature (single press in run mode)

When running a program step by step, a long press on SST doesn’t execute the current step.

Unused Keys
- f USER, gMEM, fDIM, fMATRIX and fRESULT are not implemented and don't do anything at the moment.

LF15C Serial Port Info

Serial Port dump info : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046-post-194697.html#pid194697
Serial Port settings
- Rate : 57600
- Data : 8 bit
- Stop : 1 bit
- Parity : None
- Flow Control : None

ALWAYS INCLUDE AT LEAST ONE TRAILING ZERO FROM THE STRING OF DIGITS REPRESENTING THE MEMORY DUMP

To extract a dump from calculator press and hold STO
- the string of digits can be copy/pasted into a text file for storage
- it is only necessary to keep one final zero - the rest of the zeros can be ignored
To upload a previously saved dump
- copy it to clipboard and then
- press and hold RCL until the terminal shows Paste PrgMemory:
- in Putty ShiftInsert to paste clipboard text into terminal

LF15C Firmware Files

Tabulated List of LF15C firmware versions

Date	Firmware	Version	Firmware File	Comments
12/09/24	LF15C	beta240911	lf15c_beta240911.zip	initial public beta
15/09/24	LF15C	beta240914	lf15c_beta240914.zip
17/09/24	LF15C	beta240916	lf15c_beta240916.zip
17/09/24	LF15C	beta240916_2	lf15c_beta240916_2.zip
21/09/24	LF15C	beta240920	lf15c_beta240920.zip	very fast Benchmarking, roots of -ve numbers bug
21/09/24	LF15C	beta240921	lf15c_beta240921.zip	Fix of “powers of negative numbers” bug, new 10^x bug
23/09/24	LF15C	beta240923	lf15c_beta240923.zip	10^x fix, other bug fixes
25/09/24	LF15C	beta240925	lf15c_beta240925.zip	Bug fixes More new bugs
28/09/24	LF15C	beta240928	lf15c_beta240928.zip	bug fixes
30/09/24	LF15C	beta240929	lf15c_beta240929.zip	Bug Fixes etc.
30/09/24	LF15C	beta240929_2	lf15c_beta240929_2.zip	RCL I Bug fix
01/10/24	LF15C	beta240930	lf15c_beta240930.zip	Bug Fixes
02/10/24	LF15C	debug241001	lf15c_debug_for_john241001.zip	version pre-loaded with my B.Fil prog for debug purposes
02/10/24	LF15C	beta241002	lf15c_beta241002.zip	Bug Fix my B.Fil runs correctly. No known showstoppers left?
03/10/24	LF15C	beta241003	lf15c_beta241003.zip	fPREFIX fix. Discovered inverse HYP SIN bug
06/10/24	LF15C	beta241005	lf15c_beta241005.zip	fixes ,HYP ASIN bug still present
07/10/24	LF15C	beta241006	lf15c_beta241006.zip	Bug fix and new runTime function
08/10/24	LF15C	beta241007	lf15c_beta241007.zip	Bug Fixes
10/10/24	LF15C	beta241009	lf15c_beta241009.zip	Bug Fixes
12/10/24	LF15C	beta241011	lf15c_beta241011.zip	RND bug fix
14/10/24	LF15C	beta241014	lf15c_beta241014.zip
20/10/24	LF15C	beta241020	lf15c_beta241020.zip
21/10/24	LF15C	beta241021	lf15c_beta241021.zip
22/10/24	LF15C	beta241022	lf15c_beta241022.zip
24/10/24	LF15C	beta241024	lf15c_beta241024.zip
31/10/24	LF15C	beta241031	lf15c_beta241031.zip
02/11/24	LF15C	beta241102	lf15c_beta241102.zip
10/12/24	LF15C	beta241210_2	lf15c_beta241210_2.zip	Integrate feature
17/12/24	LF15C	beta241217	lf15c_beta241217.zip	Integrate improvements
21/12/24	LF15C	beta241221	lf15c_beta241221.zip	Bug Fixes
22/12/24	LF15C	beta241222	lf15c_beta241222.zip	Sin(180)=0 Fixed
14/02/25	LF15C	beta250123	lf15c_beta250123.zip	Enter Key bug fixes
15/02/25	LF15C	beta250215	lf15c_beta250215.zip	Better integration routine and bug fixes
16/02/25	LF15C	beta250216	lf15c_beta250216.zip	Y↑X and TEST bug fixes
17/02/25	LF15C	beta250217b	lf15c_beta250217b.zip	Integration bug fix
19/02/25	LF15C	beta250218	lf15c_beta250218.zip	Integration programability
20/02/25	LF15C	beta250220	lf15c_beta250220.zip	Linear Regression bug fix
21/02/25	LF15C	beta250221	lf15c_beta250221.zip	Complex/non-integer factorial
25/02/25	LF15C	beta250225	lf15c_beta250225.zip	improved precision in x! function
26/02/25	LF15C	beta250226	lf15c_beta250226.hex	f-PREFIX bug fix
12/01/26	LF15C	250408	lf15c_250408.hex	no longer BETA. Stable version - mature??
31/03/26	LF15C	260331	lf15c_260331.hex	Differences unknown - various changes since last stable version 250408. Has Solver issues?
04/04/26	LF15C	260404	lf15c_260404.hex	Differences unknown… performs well on all tests, solver issues resolved
12/04/26	LF15C	260412	lf15c_260412.hex	SOLVE adjustments

Further Information

LF15C program dumps Program dumps for LF15C

Page created : 17/02/26 17:51 GMT

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:20 BST

calculator, dm15l, lf15c

DM41X Matrix

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 08:26:58 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X Matrix

Matrix functions in the Advantage Pac

Background

The matrix functionality isn't a standalone program, with a menu, like CFIT and PLY.

It's a collection of individual programs that can be used for many matrix tasks. Each one has to be called individually as needed.

There are many commands, the most used are those for

Dimensioning a new matrix MATDIM
Editing a matrix to enter values - there are 2 versions
- Real Matrix MEDIT
- Complex Matrix CMEDIT
Inverting a matrix MINV
Transposing a matrix TRNPS
Finding the determinant MDET
Multiplying two matrices together M*M
Solving a system of equations defined by 2 matrices MSYS

Shortcuts to Matrix Commands

To make things easier it's best to use the DM41X CST custom command shortcut mechanism.

Start with a blank CST and add the commands you need. Then save this CST so that it's easy to switch to other CST setups, and then return to the Matrix setup later.

I have the following

A	`MATDIM`	I
B	`MEDIT`	J
C	`CMEDIT`	K
D	`MINV`	L
E	`M*M`	M	`ZK?YN`
F	`MDET`	N	`EMDIR`
G	`TRNPS`	O	`EMDIRX`
H	`MSYS`	P	`PURFL`

Matrices are saved in Extended Memory, and I put commands in CST to find and remove them once I'm finished: EMDIR, EMDIRX and PURFL and I have ZK?YN to quickly access DM41X 41z Module complex number functions (assuming the module is plugged-in).

Basic Workflow

All matrix addressing is done via the ALPHA register

Dimension a new Matrix

Put the name of the matrix in the ALPHA register.
- Use single letters A, B, C etc. - these will create the matrix in Extended Memory
- ALPHA A ALPHA
Put the dimensions in the X register
- this is in the form r.ccc with 3 decimal places for the column
- for a 3×3 : 3.003 (3 rows, 3 columns)
- for a 4×2 : 4.002 (4 rows, 2 columns)
- 3.003
  - puts the dimensions in the X register ready for MATDIM to assign to the matrix named in ALPHA
Execute the MATDIM command from the CST menu A
- CST A
- This creates matrix A in extended memory

Populate a new Matrix

Populate the matrix with values using MEDIT from the CST menu B

For a 3×3 matrix

| 1 1 -1 | | 4 6 6 | | 1 8 9 |

CST B
1:1= 1R/S
1:2= 1R/S
1:3= 1CHSR/S
2:1= 4R/S
2:2= 6R/S
2:3= 6R/S
3:1= 1R/S
3:2= 8R/S
3:3= 9R/S

Determinant

With A still in the ALPHA register use the MDET command from the CST menu F

CST F
-50.000

Matrix A will now be in LU Decomposition form.
It can be used in this form for some other functions, but it's possible to get it back to normal form by Inverting twice using MINV from CST menu D
- CST D
- CST D
- You can check the element values by using MEDIT again, but just cycling through each with R/S and not changing any values
  - it's possible to set flag 08 which prevents any changes to values

Multiplication

Using M*M

For matrix multiplication you need 3 matrix definitions:

Matrix A and Matrix B are the two matrices to be multiplied
- Matrix A and Matrix B are dimensioned with MATDIM and populated with MEDIT
Matrix C is the matrix to hold the result
- Matrix C is simply dimensioned with MATDIM and will be filled automatically by the function M*M

To multiply two matrices together they must have the correct dimensions

Columns in A must equal Rows in B
Results matrix C will have the dimensions Rows of A x Columns of B

Create Matrix A

Follow the same procedure as above.

Make sure ALPHA has only the letter A

A different numerical example

A will be a 3×2 matrix

use MATDIM via CST menu
- 3.002 CSTA

| 2 3 | | 4 5 | | 7 6 |

Use MEDIT via CST menu
- CST B
- 1:1= 2R/S
- 1:2= 3R/S
- 2:1= 4R/S
- 2:2= 5R/S
- 3:1= 7R/S
- 3:2= 6R/S

Create Matrix B

B will be a 2×2 matrix

Make sure ALPHA only has B and then dimension B with MATDIM from CST menu A

ALPHA B ALPHA
2.002 CSTA

| 2 3 | | 4 5 |

* Use MEDIT via CST menu

CST B
1:1= 2R/S
1:2= 3R/S
2:1= 4R/S
2:2= 5R/S

We now have defined the matrices to be multiplied together.

Create Matrix C

We need a results matrix C

The dimensions of C will be rows of A and columns of B which is 3 rows and 2 columns : 3.002

Make sure ALPHA only has C and dimension C with MATDIM from CST menu A

ALPHA C ALPHA
3.002 CSTA

That's enough to create the results matrix

Multiply the matrices

Put the matrix names in ALPHA in the form Matrix 1,Matrix2,Results Matrix
- ALPHA = A,B,C
ALPHA A , B , CALPHA
Execute M*M from the CST menu
- CST E
C will now hold the answer

View the result

Put C in the ALPHA register
ALPHA C ALPHA
Use MEDIT from the CST menu and cycle through the elements (it's a 3×2 matrix)
CST B
- 1:1= 16.000? R/S
- 1:2= 21.000? R/S
- 2:1= 28.000? R/S
- 2:2= 37.000? R/S
- 3:1= 38.000? R/S
- 3:2= 51.000? R/S

The result in C is

| 16 21 | | 28 37 | | 38 51 |

System of Equations

A simple example first

Set of Equations

3 unknowns

3x + 4y + 6z = 39.7 2x - 4y - 3z = -7.0 y + 8z = 63.4

Matrix representation

Matrix A

| 3 4 6 | | 2 -4 -3 | | 0 1 8 |

Dimensions 3.003

Matrix B

| 39.7 | | -7.0 | | 63.4 |

Dimensions 3.001

Simultaneous Equations represented in Matrix Form

|A| x |C| = |B| | 3 4 6 | | x | | 39.7 | | 2 -4 -3 | x | y | = | -7.0 | | 0 1 8 | | z | | 63.4 |

Create Matrix A

ALPHA A ALPHA
3.003 CST A (MATDIM)
CST B (MEDIT)
- 1:1= 3 R/S
- 1:2= 4 R/S
- 1:3= 6 R/S
- 2:1= 2 R/S
- 2:2= 4 CHS R/S
- 2:3= 3 CHS R/S
- 3:1= 0R/S
- 3:2= 1R/S
- 3:3= 8R/S

Create Matrix B

ALPHA B ALPHA
3.001 CST A (MATDIM)
CST B (MEDIT)
- 1:1= 39.7 R/S
- 2:1= 7 CHS R/S
- 3:1= 63.4 R/S

Run MSYS

Put A,B in ALPHA
- ALPHA A , B ALPHA
Run MSYS - the solution matrix for x, y and z will be placed in Matrix B
- CST H

Examine Matrix B

Put B in ALPHA
- ALPHA B ALPHA
Run MEDIT from CST menu
- CST B (MEDIT)
  - 1:1= 1.500 'R/S/
  - 2:1= -3.800 R/S
  - 3:1= 8.400 'R/S

The solution

x = 1.5 y = -3.8 z = 8.4

Matrix A

A is now in LU-decomposed format
It can be restored to normal by Inverting Twice
Put A in ALPHA
Run MINV via CST menu twice
- CST D CST D
A is now back to normal and can be inspected and edited by MEDIT via the CST menu

Another way to solve a system

Instead of the MSYS function you could do it manually by entering Matrix A and Matrix B, and define Matrix C such that

A X C = B

C = B / A

C = A* X B where A* is Inverse A

Create Matrix C with dimensions 3.001 in the usual way then and do:

Put A in ALPHA
Invert A using MINV from CST menu (A is replaced by its inverse)
Put A,B,C in ALPHA
Multiply using M*M
- this multiplies B by the inverse of A which is effectively dividing B by the original A
C now contains the solutions for x, y and z
Put C in ALPHA
Examine C with MEDIT
- 1:1= 1.500 R/S
- 2:1= -3.800 R/S
- 3:1= 8.400 R/s
This preserves B unlike the MSYS method.
The Inverse of A can be reversed by repeating MINV with A in ALPHA
We can even run M*M on A and C to re-create B
- Put A,C,B in ALPHA
- Run M*M from CST menu
- B will be re-created

The Complex Matrix

It is possible to define, edit and carry out operations with matrices containing Complex Numbers.

The matrix is defined with twice as many rows and columns as appears necessary, and edited with the function CMEDIT, in CST menu C

Example Definition

| 1+j2 5+j6 | | 3+j4 7+j8 |

Two rows and two columns 2×2 containing complex numbers, so the definition/dimension is 4.004

The numbers are actually saved as if in a larger real matrix as

| 1 -2 5 -6 | | 2 1 6 5 | | 3 -4 7 -8 | | 4 3 8 7 |

The entry is via CMEDIT via CST menu C, which asks for each Real and Imaginary part in turn

ALPHA A ALPHA
4.004 CST A
CST C
- RE. 1:1= 1 R/S
- IM. 1:1= 2 R/S
- RE. 1:2= 5 R/S
- IM. 1:2= 6 R/S
- RE. 2:1= 3 R/S
- IM. 2:1= 4 R/S
- RE. 2:2= 7 R/S
- IM. 2:2= 8 R/S

Multiplication of Complex Matrices

Create a second matrix

Matrix B of size 2×1 which can be multiplied by A as A x B

| 3+j4 | | 2+j6 |

Dimension second matrix

This is dimensioned as double the basic size of 2×1 : 4.002 and then populated with CMEDIT

ALPHA B ALPHA
4.002 CST A
CST C
- RE. 1:1= 3 R/S
- IM. 1:1= 4 R/S
- RE. 2:1= 2 R/S
- IM. 2:1= 6 R/S

Create a result matrix

Matrix 'C' which will be also be a 2×1 complex with dimension :4.002

ALPHA C ALPHA
4.002 CST A

Multiply A X B = C

ALPHA A , B , C ALPHA
CST E

Inspect Result Matrix C

ALPHA C
CST C
- RE. 1:1= -31.000 R/S
- IM. 1:1= 52.000 R/S
- RE. 2:1= -41.000 R/S
- IM. 2:1= 82.000 R/S

The result matrix is therefore

| -31+j52 | | -41+j82 |

Which agrees with my long-hand calculation (thanks to DM41X 41z Module )

|(1+j2).(3+j4) + (5+j6).(2+j6)| |(3+J4).(3+J4) + (7+J8).(2+J6)|

| (-5+j10) + (-26+j42) | | (-7+j24) + (-34+j58) |

| -31+j52 | | -41+j82 |

Systems of Complex Equations....

Once you can enter and manipulate Complex Matrices you can also use MSYS to solve systems with complex matrices in the same way as usual - the only difference is entering the matrices as Complex.

Clearing Up Extended Memory

After creating and manipulating (and some finger trouble) there will be a bunch of files in Extended Memory.

Most will be simple matrix definitions with obvious names A, B, C etc. but occasionally you'll accidentally have run MATDIM with some nonsense in the ALPHA register and created a nonsensical filename in extended memory, which it's tricky to spell out correctly in ALPHA in order to run PURLF - this is where EMDIRX comes in.

To simplify clearing up I include EMDIR, EMDIRX and PURFL in the CST menu.

Assuming you have other files in Extended Memory, the quickest way is to find the number of files in EM with EMDIR.

Run EMDIR from CST menu
- CST N
Count the files to find the number of the first file you've created using MATDIM - i.e. the first one after your other EM files
Put this number in x
Run EMDIRX from CST menu
- CST O
- this puts the name of the specified-numbered file in ALPHA and means you don't have to type it in yourself
Run PURFL from CST menu to delete this filename
- CST P
Run EMDIRX again (with the same number in X)
- If X returns as non-zero we've found another junk-matrix file in EM and ALPHA will have its name
- Run PURFL again
Keep doing this until EMDIRX returns 0.00 in X which means there are no more files to delete
- all your original files are still safe, as they are numbered below the number we were searching for

Further Information

calculator, dm41x

DM41X HP16C Module

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 10 Feb 2026 16:15:00 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X HP16C Module

Keyboard Overlay

Background

The HP16C Programmer's Calculator is made for manipulating numbers in Binary/Octal/Hexadecimal/Decimal to help with programming and other areas that rely on the nitty-gritty of bit-twiddling.

Swiss Micros make a modern hardware emulation (similar in form to the DM15L I already own) but rather than adding another calculator to my (growing) collection I found there is a ROM/Module method to add all (and more) the same features to the DM41X (and presumably the HP41, if you can find a hardware ROM plugin with it).

I occasionally need to do some conversions/calculations into Hex and Binary (thinking of TCP/IP networking, subnet masks etc. or perhaps debugging RS232 serial data, or when writing rig control software?) and being able to do everything on the DM41X (along with the Complex Number module) means the DM41X will become even more useful day-to-day.

The manual for the HP16C Module hp_16c_emulator_manual.pdf

The versions of modules I'm using : hp-16c_rev.1a.zip

The HP16C

The HP16C Manual : https://literature.hpcalc.org/community/hp16c-oh-en.pdf

The DM16L

https://www.swissmicros.com/product/dm16l

I bought a DM16L in August 2022

Basic Operation

Like the 41Z Complex Number module, a USER keyboard assignment is made to a trigger command which then automagically re-maps the whole keyboard for one command, then it reverts to normal. A mental image of the re-mapped keyboard starts to develop with use, making operation easier with time.

I've assigned the LN key to the trigger command 16C for the USER keyboard

SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT 1 SHIFT 6 C ALPHA LN

User Keyboard comments

With USER keyboard active I generally won't miss the loss of LN as I rarely use it.

If I do need LN I can simply turn off the USER keyboard.

The same applies for using the ∑+ key for entering Statistical Data - it's assigned to the Complex Keyboard trigger ΣZL.

I won't ever be using statistics at the same time as complex numbers (or HP16C functions).

The USER keyboard can generally remain active all the time except when I want to do statistics or calculate a natural logarithm. Two easy sacrificed keys. Are there others I can do without for additional assignments to frequently used functions or modules?

I've noticed that it's possible to assign the 16C command to the ∑+ key.

This allows a single key to be used both to trigger 16C mode, and then to trigger input mode 16NPT.

It means less hopping around.

The ∑+ key is doing double duty but ∑+ ∑+ seems a little more user friendly than LN∑+ for inputting numbers.

SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT 1 SHIFT 6 C ALPHA ∑+

16KEYS?

16KEYS? info

I played with the LADYBUG module recently ( see DM41X Ladybug Module ) and enjoyed the more “immediate” keyboard input - with the whole keyboard re-mapped while using the module (in “INTEGER” mode). No need to preface each instruction with a trigger to enable the special keyboard for one command at a time.

I found that the HP16C Module can be switched to “full-time” 16KEYS mode too….

You need to get to the ∑BITS launcher and then select Y (for 16KEYS) and answer Y or N.

The 16KEYS function can't be reached any other way, that I've found. The simplest way is to use the DM41X CST menu to run the 16C ∑MOD launcher, then press SHIFT to switch to the ∑BITS launcher, then select Y (for 16KEYS).

You'll need to enable USER key mode, and then the 16C module can be used without the the need to trigger every command with 16C (normally ASN'd to LN key).

You still need to use 16NPT to input numbers (this is mapped to the A (∑+) key. Otherwise most things are just more intuitive. No need to use 16C before an arithmetic operation like + or - etc.

Example

Switch to BIN view

B

Enter a binary number 10111011

16NPT10111011ENTER

Convert to HEX

E

H: bb

Convert to DEC

D

d: 187

Enter a Decimal Number 23

16NPT23ENTER

d : 23

Add them

+

d: 210

Convert to BIN

B

b: 11010010

Much more intuitive….

Select the Base

USER keyboard active.

16C is USER assigned to LN - referred to as 16C hereafter.

I'll use the alpha letter for the top-row keys to describe them for Base Selection

16C B = BINARY

16C C = OCTAL

16C D = DECIMAL

16C E = HEX

Enter a number

HEX

Enter HEX value 5F

Use the 16NPT function which lives on the Σ+ button (it switches from the complex assigned ΣZL to 16NPT when the 16C is invoked)

16C E (to get into HEX mode)

16C 16NPT 5 F ENTER

Convert to BIN

16C B gives 1011111

Enter a new BIN number

16C 16NPT (i.e. Σ+) 1101100 ENTER

Add them together

16C + gives 11001011

Convert to HEX

16C E gives Cb

Convert to DEC

16C D gives 203

always enter numbers with 16C 16NPT the number ENTER

always use the 16 versions of mathematical functions

16C +

16C X

etc.

NOT, OR, AND, XOR

These are on shifted (and triggered with 16C) math keys:

- = NOT

+ = OR

x = AND

÷ = XOR

Example, in binary….

AND two numbers:

11011101 AND 10001001 →

16C B (to get into Binary mode if needed)

16C 16NPT 11011101 ENTER

16C 16NPT 10001001 ENTER

16C SHIFT X gives 10001001

In HEX…. XOR →

16C E (to get into HEX)

16C 16NPT BEEF ENTER (first number) (make sure at least 16-bit word size for this example Word Size

16C 16NPT CAFE ENTER (second number)

16C SHIFT ÷ (XOR) gives 7411

Convert answer to DEC

16C D gives 29713

Convert answer to BIN

16C B gives a long string of 1 and 0 that scroll across the screen…

Window

View the long BIN number using a WINDOW to look at 8 bits at a time…

16C SHIFT R/S

This asks WINDOW _ and enter 0 for the 1^st (MSB) 8 bits:

W0: 11101000:b

Scroll to sequential WINDOW slices with + and - →

+ →

W1: 0010001:b

+ →

W2: :b

The full 16-bit number is therefore:

111010000010001

Setting Word Size and negative number convention

The word size can be up to 64 bits. In general most stuff is 4, 8 or 16 bits wide, so you can set the size of the binary number in the ∑MOD launcher:

16C USR (one of several different ways of getting to ∑MOD)

16KEYS methods

There is then a choice of settings

B:O:D:H:F - 0: 1:2:W:S:?

The first four can set the mode to Binary, Octal, Decimal, Float.

0 sets UNSIGNED integers
1 sets ONE'S COMPLEMENT
2 sets TWO'S COMPLEMENT

Word size is checked with S

Word size is set with W then enter (eg) 16 to set 16-bit words.

Word Size can also be set directly from a 16C keyboard function 16WSZ accessed via 16C SHIFT 5 rather than via the ∑MOD menu/launcher

? displays the current settings (press ? then quickly press and hold it to read the displayed info)

0c - 16 - DEC

This means unsigned integers, 16-bit words, DECIMAL mode.

Other Launchers

Lots of functions are available in launcher sub-menus, eg a menu of rotate functions, or shift functions.

The various launchers are available cyclically via the 16C XEQ along with SHIFT and A

Some trial and error is needed to find what you want, but it starts:

16C XEQ → R: L LN RN R which is a menu to do bit-rotations.

Rotate 1-bit Left by pressing top-row button B

Rotate N-bits left with top-row button C (and enter the number of bits)

Rotate N-bits Right with top-row button D (and enter the number of bits)

Rotate 1-bit Right with top-row button E.

From the R menu:

A give the S: L LN RN R menu to SHIFT bits Left or Right

From the S menu:

XEQ gives ∑R : …………………. which gives lots of options to do things rightwards with the bits. list them

This goes on via XEQ and SHIFT (ORANGE button) to access several menu launchers. Trial and Error and muscle memory.

A brief map/list of launchers

16CXEQ → ∑ROT

∑ROT → XEQ → ∑LEFT → XEQ → ∑MOD → XEQ → ∑ROT

∑ROT → A → ∑SHF

∑SHF → XEQ → ∑RIGHT → XEQ → ∑BIT → XEQ → ∑SHF

∑LEFT ↔ SHIFT ↔ ∑RIGHT

∑MOD ↔ SHIFT ↔ ∑BIT

∑SHF ↔ SHIFT ↔ S“:

∑ROT ↔ SHIFT ↔ RC:

Registers etc

Numbers can be saved in 16C registers via 16C STO NN

e.g. save a subnet mask of 11111100 into 16C REG 00 (i.e. the last octet of a /30 network 255.255.255.252)

16C B (go to BINARY mode)

16C 16NPT 11111100 ENTER 16C STO 00

Use the stored value

What is 123 AND MASK ? (what's the network base number for host address of 123 using a netmask of 252?)

16C D (decimal so you can enter 123 rather than a BINARY number)

16C 16NPT 123 ENTER

recall mask (it doesn't matter that it was initially stored as a BINARY number, it's displayed in whatever base you are currently using)

16C RCL 00

AND them

16C SHIFT x

answer is 120

The MASK is still in 16-Register 00 if needed again….

Net address of a host with address 43?

16C D

16C 16NPT 43 ENTER

16C RCL 00

16C SHIFT x

answer : 40

xxx.xxx.xxx.43 has a network address of xxx.xxx.xxx.40

Most Used Functions

16C = LN (i.e. E on top-row)

16NPT = ∑+ (i.e. A on top-row, must be triggered with 16C) ⁵⁾

16C 16NPT type in a number ENTER (enter a number in whatever base is currently selected)

BIN OCT DEC HEX = 16C then one of top-row buttons B, C, D, E (select the required base)

∑MOD = 16C USR …. or 16C SHIFT 2 (open a settings menu to set the choice of mode/word/signed)

NOT / OR / AND / XOR = 16C SHIFT then one of - + x ÷ (logic functions)

RL / RR = 16C then one of SIN or COS (rotate Left or Right 1-bit)

RLN / RRN = 16C SHIFT then one of SIN or COS (rotate Left or Right N-bits _ _)

SLN = 16C TAN (shift Left N-bits _ _)

SRN = 16C SHIFT TAN (shift Right N-bits _ _)

Sb = 16C SHIFT 7 (set a bit _ _)

Cb = 16C SHIFT 8 (clear a bit _ _)

B? = 16C SHIFT 9 (is a bit _ _ set or not?)

#BITS = 16C SHIFT ∑+ (i.e. A on top-row) (how many bits are high?)

See Keyboard Overlay Pic above for more hints on 16C key assignments

EVERYTHING STARTS WITH ''16C''

It is recommended to change the assigned key occasionally to prevent wearing it out…..

DokuWiki Tweaks

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 15:02:31 +0000

←Dokuwiki

DokuWiki Tweaks

Hide Revisions and Page Source for not-ADMIN in Users

Edit ../lib/tpl/monobook/conf/tabs.php to add the check of AUTH_ADMIN for the tabs for Page Source and Revisions

            if(!empty($INFO["exists"])){
                $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"] = $lang["btn_edit"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
            }else{
                $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"] = $lang["btn_create"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
            }
        }
    }elseif (actionOK("source") && (auth_quickaclcheck($ID) == AUTH_ADMIN)){ //check if action is disabled and also that AUTH_ADMIN is logged in
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"]      = $lang["btn_source"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["accesskey"] = "E";
    }
 
 
    //old versions/revisions tab
    if (!empty($INFO["exists"]) &&
            actionOK("revisions")
        && (auth_quickaclcheck($ID) == AUTH_ADMIN)) // check AUTH_ADMIN is logged in to see old revisions
        { //check if action is disabled
        //ATTENTION: "ca-history" is used as css id selector!
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["text"]      = $lang["btn_revs"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["href"]      = wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "revisions"), false, "&");
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["accesskey"] = "O";
        if ($ACT === "revisions"){ //$ACT comes from DokuWiki core
            $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["class"] = "selected";
        }

Include / Blog "Read More..."

The default is for a “read more…” link to be placed at the extreme right of the page - which is not ideal when using Monobook template.

I found the css setting that controls the position of “read more…” in ../lib/plugins/include/style.css

div.dokuwiki p.include_readmore {
  text-align: right;
}

changing it to

div.dokuwiki p.include_readmore {
  text-align: left;
}

solved the problem and “read more…” is now on the left, directly at the point that the eyes get to when reading a post on the main blog index page.

To prevent this being overwritten on updates I found it works to put the same stanza in ../conf/userstyle.css which should keep it safe…

Vector / Monobook tweaks

I like the Vector and Monobook templates, very similar feel to Wikipedia

Logout errors with later versions of Dokuwiki

After upgrading Dokuwiki to Igor it became impossible to log out due to a warning

Security Token did not match. Possible CSRF attack.

I initially ignored it but then downgraded back to Hogfather as there seemed to be no fix - other than to use a different template.

I recently upgraded to the latest Dokuwiki (Jack Jackrum), and upgraded all plugins and templates where possible. However the problem with logout with Vector and Monobook re-appeared.

I found there was a fix described on the forum:

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/20248-security-token-did-not-match-possible-csrf-attack-cannot-log-out

and the cure is to edit the appropriate line in main.php for each template, as the author seems not to be maintaining these templates any more, at least not the official ones accessed via Dokuwiki's Template/Extension installer. The github repository shows that the fix has been applied to Vector, and a pull request submitted to fix Monobook, the fixes haven't appeared in the official versions.

The does work, though…

For Vector edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/vector/main.php to add , 'sectok' ⇒ getSecurityToken() in the array statement after “do” ⇒ “logout”

 echo  "      <li id=\"pt-logout\"><a href=\"".wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "logout", 'sectok' => getSecurityToken()))."\" rel=\"nofollow\">".hsc($lang["btn_logout"])."</a></li>\n"; //language comes from DokuWiki core

and the same for Monobook

 echo  "          <li id=\"pt-logout\"><a href=\"".wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "logout", 'sectok' => getSecurityToken()))."\" rel=\"nofollow\">".hsc($lang["btn_logout"])."</a></li>\n"; //language comes from DokuWiki core

Monospace font

I found the style applied to monospace text was a little underwhelming.

I found the place to change it:

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/{vector|monobook}/user/screen.css

add the the following and adjust as needed:

div#content .dokuwiki code {
  font-size: 100%;
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
  background-color: #eee;
  color: #00f;
  direction: ltr;
  text-align: left;
}

Footer Buttons

Remove the default footer buttons by editing {vector|monobook}/user/buttons.php and adding

For Monobook, change to

$_monobook_btns = array();

//delete all (defaults)
$_vector_btns = array();

this suppresses the inclusion of footer buttons from vector/conf/buttons.php

Add just the Dokuwiki and Vector/Monobook Buttons

Edit {vector|monobook}/user/buttons.php

Swap monobook for vector as appropriate

<?php
 
//check if we are running within the DokuWiki environment
if (!defined("DOKU_INC")){
    die();
}
//delete all (defaults)
$_vector_btns = array();  
 
//note: The buttons will be rendered in the order they were defined. Means:
//      first button will be rendered first, last button will be rendered at
//      last.
//DokuWiki button
$_vector_btns["dw"]["img"]      = DOKU_TPL."static/img/button-dw.png";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["href"]     = "https://www.dokuwiki.org/";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["width"]    = 80;
$_vector_btns["dw"]["height"]   = 15;
$_vector_btns["dw"]["title"]    = "DokuWiki";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["nofollow"] = !(cleanID(getID()) === "start");
 
//"vector for DokuWiki" button
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["img"]      = DOKU_TPL."static/img/button-vector.png";
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["href"]     = "https://www.dokuwiki.org/template:vector";
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["width"]    = 80;
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["height"]   = 15;
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["title"]    = $lang["vector_mdtemplatefordw"];
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["nofollow"] = !(cleanID(getID()) === "start");

Symbol Chooser font size

The drop-down picker for choosing a symbol to insert in the text being edited is very small in Monobook as standard.

It's controlled by the pickerbutton class and is set at 80% in the standard monobook css.

It's adjusted thus (to 1.2em) and some extra margin added around the symbols:

button.pickerbutton {

padding: 0px;
margin: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
border: 0;
background-color: transparent;
font-size: 1.2em;
cursor: pointer;

}

Put this in user/screen.css with all the other tweaks.

Mobile Scaling

The layout on a phone isn't too good, and can't be zoomed/scaled.

I found this thread:

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/12469-vector-template-doesn-t-display-correctly-on-mobile-devices/6

and applied the comment-out of the line :

//echo "<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\" />";

in main.php and mediamanager.php

the page now scales/zooms okay to make it useable on a phone.

Monobook user/screen.css

/* Give sidebar more space.
 
   Default widths:
   - 12.2em as left spacer for the content area. This example is using 14.2em
     instead.
   - 11.6em as sidebar width. This example is using 13.6em instead.
   - 10.9em as width for the search input field. This example is using 12.9em
     instead.
   - 150px as left spacer for the Ajax searchbox. This example is using 180px.
*/
/* move content container more to the right */
#content {
  margin: 2.8em 0 0 14.2em;
}
#column-content {
  margin: 0 0 .6em -14.2em;
}
#column-content #content {
  margin-left: 14.2em !important; /* adjustment for  IE (7) */
}
/* redefine sidebar width + tab bar position */
.portlet {
  width: 13.6em;
}
#p-cactions {
  left: 13.6em; /* tab bar */
}
/* search input field */
#qsearch__in {
  width: 11.5em;
}
/* ajax "matching pagename" searchbox */
#qsearch__out {
  left: 180px
}
 
div.dokuwiki #dw__toc {
  margin: 1.2em 0 0 2em;
  float: right;
  width: 200px; 
  font-size: 100%;
  clear: both;
  background-color: __background__;
} 
 
div#content .dokuwiki code {
  font-size: 1.1em;
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
  background-color: #eee;
  color: #22f;
  border-radius: 4px;
  direction: ltr;
  text-align: left;
  white-space: pre;
}
 
div#content .dokuwiki pre {
        border-radius: 5px;
	background-color: #faffff !important;
}
 
button.pickerbutton {
  padding: 0px;
  margin: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
  border: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
  font-size: 1.2em;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.pBody {
	font-size: 1.1em;
	padding-bottom: 1em;
}
 
#bodyContent {
	font-size: 1.1em;
}
 
kbd.__keyboard {
  color: #0000ff;
  background-color: #defede !important;
  text-align: center;
  border-left: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-right: 3px solid #666666;
  border-bottom: 3px solid #666666;
  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;
  border-radius: 6px 6px 6px 6px !important;
  padding-left: 3px;
  padding-top: 0px;
  padding-right: 3px;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  margin-left: 2px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  vertical-align: top;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-size: 1.1em !important;
}
 
div.qq-upload-button {
 border: 1px solid __border__;
}

Dokuwiki Template CSS

Standard settings for font sizes etc. for different elements is here:

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/css/design.less

add any modified tweaks to the CSS to a userstyle.css i.e. /var/www/html/dokuwiki/conf/userstyle.css

font-size etc

pre {
        border-radius: 10px;
        background-color: #fcffff
}
 
 
code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0px;
    }
 
 
.dokuwiki .aside {
    font-size: 90%;
    }
 
 
body {
    font-size: 90%;
 
}
.dokuwiki div.breadcrumbs {
    font-size: 90%;
    }

Dokuwiki Template Tagline

<p style="font-size:12px;background-color:#a5e4fa;">Try to learn <b><i>something</i></b> about everything, and <b><i>everything</i></b> about something <br> <i> -Thomas Huxley “Darwin's bulldog” (1824-1895)</i></p>

Dokuwiki Timezone

I noticed the timestamps on file creation/modification were in UTC
I'd rather have “local time” so I don't have to think too hard
The answer is here → https://www.dokuwiki.org/tips:timezone
I used the first option, after successfully testing the second (editing php.ini)
I created conf/local.protected.php with

<?php
date_default_timezone_set("Europe/London");

I did sudo chown www-data:www-data local.protected.php too, just to be sure
All looks good - pages created/modified while in summer time show the time in BST and pages modified in winter time show the time in GMT

Add DW2PDF

To allow export of pages from Wiki → PDF format install plugin dw2pdf
to enable functionality it was necessary to install php-mbstring package on the VPS
1. ```
sudo apt-get install php-mbstring
```
```
sudo service apache2 restart
```

UPDATE

— John Pumford-Green 26/04/23 10:04

removed dw2pdf plugin, it is largely unused and adds pointless bloat.

Increase maximum file size upload for Media Manager

edit php.ini
1. ```
sudo vi /etc/php/XX/apache2/php.ini
```
2. change upload_max_filesize = 2M to upload_max_filesize = 20M
3. change post_max_size = 2M to post_max_size = 20M
4. ```
sudo service apache2 restart
```

Allow any file-type upload

From https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/3318-allow-upload-of-any-filetype/5

Edit /var/www/html/www/dokuwiki/inc/media.php and comment out :

    // because a temp file was created already
    //if (!preg_match('/\.(' . $regex . ')$/i', $fn)) {
    //    return [$lang['uploadwrong'], -1];
    //}

jpg upload error - XML

Media manage red warnings when uploading jpg image files

Error: Call to undefined function xml_parser_create()

New VPS was missing the php-xml package.

sudo apt install php-xml
sudo service apache2 restart

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/21045-error-call-to-undefined-function-xml-parser-create

Acronyms & Abbreviations

I find the underlining and “explanation” of some abbreviations/acronyms by dokuwiki, when rendering a page, to be annoying.

such as DNS and ACL

The process is described HERE

To disable this I simply copied the default conf/acronyms.conf to a local version conf/acronyms.local.conf and then edited the local version to remove all the explanations.

# Acronyms.

ACL
AFAICS
AFAIK
AFAIR
API
ASAP
ASCII
BTW
CMS
CSS
DNS
EOF
EOL
EOM
EOT
FAQ
FTP
FOSS
FLOSS
FUD
FYI
GB
GHz
GPL
GUI
HTML
IANAL
IE
IIRC
IMHO
IMO
IOW
IRC
IRL
KISS
LAN
LGPL
LOL
MathML
MB
MHz
MSIE
OMG
OS
OSS
OTOH
PITA
RFC
ROTFL
RTFM
spec
TIA
TL;DR
TOC
URI
URL
W3C
WTF?
WYSIWYG
YMMV

This supresses the annoyance.

— John Pumford-Green 30/04/23 13:49

Add folded plugin

make a clickable hide/reveal section with

++++ visible text | hidden text blah blah ++++

e.g.

There is a table here...

Col1	Col2	Col3
one	two	three

def func():
    print "hello world"

Increase TAGCLOUD font size

edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/plugins/cloud/style.less

increase size factor

/* Size factor. */
@sF: 1.2;

force re-fresh of browser to show new font size.

Keyboard Plugin

tweak the size, border and colour

example keys

Ctrl+C

Tweaks

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/plugins/keyboard/all.css

kbd.__keyboard {
  color: #0000ff;
  background-color: #defede !important;
  text-align: center;
  border-left: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-right: 3px solid #666666;
  border-bottom: 3px solid #666666;
  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;
  padding-left: 3px;
  padding-top: 0px;
  padding-right: 3px;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  margin-left: 2px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  vertical-align: top;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-size: 1.2em;
 
}

Dokuwiki Template monospace font

the colour of the mono font is the same as general text and doesn't stand out as well as in other templates.
edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/css/basic.less with a hex code for a better colour
- but see below for a better place to do the configuraiton

code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0;
    }

To prevent upgrades overwriting these changes - add them to /var/www/html/dokuwiki/conf/userstyle.css
pre relates to the blocks of <code> ////// </code>
code relates to monospaced text

pre {
        border-radius: 10px;
         background-color: #fcffff
 
}
 
code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0px;
    }

Remove Dokuwiki template footer buttons

edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/tpl_footer.php

comment out (  ) the license stanza and/or the <div> that contains the “buttons”

<?php
/**
 * Template footer, included in the main and detail files
 */
 
// must be run from within DokuWiki
if (!defined('DOKU_INC')) die();
?>
 
<!-- ********** FOOTER ********** -->
 
 
 
<div id="dokuwiki__footer"><div class="pad">
 
<!--    <?php tpl_license(''); // license text ?> -->
 
<!--    
<div class="buttons">
        <?php
            tpl_license('button', true, false, false); // license button, no wrapper
            $target = ($conf['target']['extern']) ? 'target="'.$conf['target']['extern'].'"' : '';
        ?>
        <a href="https://www.dokuwiki.org/donate" title="Donate" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-donate.gif" width="80" height="15" alt="Donate" /></a>
        <a href="https://php.net" title="Powered by PHP" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-php.gif" width="80" height="15" alt="Powered by PHP" /></a>
        <a href="//validator.w3.org/check/referer" title="Valid HTML5" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-html5.png" width="80" height="15" alt="Valid HTML5" /></a>
        <a href="//jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer?profile=css3" title="Valid CSS" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-css.png" width="80" height="15" alt="Valid CSS" /></a>
        <a href="https://dokuwiki.org/" title="Driven by DokuWiki" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-dw.png" width="80" height="15"
            alt="Driven by DokuWiki" /></a>
    </div>
-->
 
 
</div></div><!-- /footer -->
 
 
<?php
tpl_includeFile('footer.html');

Bootstrap3 ThemeByNamespace

To force specific bootstrap/bootswatch themes dependant on the namespace

enable ThemeByNamespace option
create a file in <dokuwiki>/conf called bootstrap3.themes.conf
chown www-data:www-data bootstrap3.themes.conf
add the required theme/namespace mapping:

# Namespace  Bootswatch Theme
start                   bootswatch/darkly
public                  bootswatch/darkly
public:calculator       bootswatch/slate
public:journal          bootswatch/journal
private                 bootswatch/flatly
playground              bootswatch/united
private:wire2waves      bootswatch/paper
blog                    bootswatch/yeti

it seems necessary to disable showThemeSwitcher and to select a default theme to be used outside of any listed in the conf file

Alternative

Using the loadskin plugin

it's possible to switch to the default dokuwiki template when on a mobile device and the vector template when on a computer.

The loadskin plugin seems to lead to problems switching between monobook and vector - the navigation sidebar seems to disappear on one or the other. Not sure where the problem is.

Note Plugin

Various Coloured notes:

<note>
This is my note ! Remember it!!
</note>

<note important>
Warning ! You're about to lose your mind ;-)
</note>

<note tip>
The clues are in the images.
</note>

<note warning>
Beware of the cat when you open the door !!
</note>


++++Note in a Folded section|
<note warning>
Ça fonctionne seulement avec le //div// pas le //span//.
</note>
++++

This is my note ! Remember it!!

Warning ! You're about to lose your mind

The clues are in the images.

Beware of the cat when you open the door !!

Note in a Folded section

Monobook Tweaks

PDF Export Tab

The dw2pdf plugin provides a button on many templates to trigger export to PDF but not on monobook. It's possible to add a tab to the top of the page, beside the edit etc. tabs, to do the the pdf export function.

add the following code to to monobook/user/tabs.php

//PDF plugin: export tab
if (file_exists(DOKU_PLUGIN."dw2pdf/action.php") &&
    !plugin_isdisabled("dw2pdf")){
    $_monobook_tabs["tab-export-pdf"]["text"] = "pdf export";
    $_monobook_tabs["tab-export-pdf"]["href"] = wl(getID(), array("do" => "export_pdf"), false, "&");
}

Vector Interwiki Icons

The icon shown on interwiki links almost always appears as a small “lock” rather than the correct icon

commenting out the .link-https section in /vector/static/3rd/vector/main-ltr.css stops this :

div#content a.external,
div#content a[href ^="gopher://"] {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/external-link-ltr-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}
 
/*
div#content a[href ^="https://"],
.link-https {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/lock-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}
*/
 
div#content a[href ^="mailto:"],
.link-mailto {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/mail-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}

Page Updated: 19/04/26 16:02 BST

dokuwiki

The Nodes

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:42:09 +0000

←AllStar Linking

The Nodes

VHF Gateway

Platform	Raspberry Pi 2 Model B Rev 1.1
OS	Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)
ASL Version	2.0.0-beta.6
Interface	CM108 Soundcard - modified
Radio	FT-1500M @ 5W
Frequency	144.9125MHz / CTCSS : 77.0Hz
Allstar Node	481480
Echolink	GM4SLV-L : 886089
Dashboard	via 481481's Allmon3

The initial node, described here → GM4SLV Allstar 2025 got too cumbersome after adding DMR Bridging, along with handling Echolink.

I decided, since I had a few spare Raspberry Pi boards doing nothing much, to split the DMR Bridging to a separate node.

I removed the DVSwitch bridging from the VHF Gateway node and changed its node ID to 481480 (NNX)

Echolink Config

/etc/asterisk/echolink.conf

[el0]
call = GM4SLV-L                          ; Change this!
pwd = XXXXX                           ; Change this!
name = John                        ; Change this!
qth = Allstar 481480                           ; Change this!
email = gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com                         ; Change this!
node = 886089                           ; Change this!
; Data for EchoLink Status Page
lat = 60.2883                               ; Latitude in decimal degrees
lon = -001.42533                               ; Longitude in decimal degrees
freq = 144.900                             ; not mandatory Frequency in MHz
tone = 0                              ; not mandatory CTCSS Tone (0 for none)
power = 2                               ; 0=0W, 1=1W, 2=4W, 3=9W, 4=16W, 5=25W, 6=36W, 7=49W, 8=64W, 9=81W (Power in Watts)
height = 0                              ; 0=10 1=20 2=40 3=80 4=160 5=320 6=640 7=1280 8=2560 9=5120 (AMSL in Feet)
gain = 0                                ; Gain in db (0-9)
dir = 0                                 ; 0=omni 1=45deg 2=90deg 3=135deg 4=180deg 5=225deg 6=270deg 7=315deg 8=360deg (Direction)
maxstns = 5                            ; Max Stations
 
rtcptimeout = 10
recfile = /tmp/echolink_recorded.gsm    ;
astnode = 481480           ; Change this!
context = radio-secure                  ; Default in code is echolink-in

; Max 3 servers
server1 = server1.echolink.org
server2 = server2.echolink.org
server3 = server3.echolink.org

; To deny w6xxx you would add the statement: deny = w6xxx
; To prohibit computer-based connections you would write: permit = *-*
; To allow access to only a select group of callsigns: permit = w6abc,w6def,...
; permit                                ; comma delimited list of callsign, type (-r)
; deny

 
; Remote text commands thru netcat:
; o.conip <IPaddress>    (request a connect)
; o.dconip <IPaddress>   (request a disconnect)
; o.rec                  (turn on/off recording)

; ipaddr
; port
 
 
#includeifexists custom/echolink.conf

DMR Bridging Node

Platform	Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.5
OS	Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
ASL Version	3.7.1-1.deb
Allstar Node	481481
Dashboard	http://gm4slv.plus.com:42111/

New hardware and OS install

Installed OS first Pi OS 64 bit Lite →

Pi OS Lite

then the ASL repository and finally ASL3 and Allmon3 following guide at:

https://allstarlink.github.io/install/debian/install/

I found this much nicer than the “Pi Appliance” method.

This one is for running DVSwitch to bridge to (at the moment) TGIF TG2354429 (my so-called ID Talkgroup )

I added the DVSwitch software, in the same way described here GM4SLV Allstar 2025 (using bookworm in place of buster) and decided to bridge to TGIF instead of Brandmeister.

I also decided to use the md380_emu emulator for the AMBE transcoding.

MMDVM_Bridge.ini

/opt/MMDVM_Bridge/MMDVM_Bridge.ini

[General]
Callsign=GM4SLV
Id=235442999
Timeout=180
Duplex=0
 
[Info]
RXFrequency=144900000
TXFrequency=144900000
Power=1
Latitude=60.2885
Longitude=-1.4215
Height=0
Location=GM4SLV Bridge1
Description=MMDVM_Bridge
URL=https://gm4slv.org.uk
 
[Log]
# Logging levels, 0=No logging, 1=Debug, 2=Message, 3=Info, 4=Warning, 5=Error, 6=Fatal
DisplayLevel=1
FileLevel=2
FilePath=/var/log/mmdvm
FileRoot=MMDVM_Bridge
 
[DMR Id Lookup]
File=/var/lib/mmdvm/DMRIds.dat
Time=24
 
[NXDN Id Lookup]
File=/var/lib/mmdvm/NXDN.csv
Time=24
 
[Modem]
Port=/dev/null
RSSIMappingFile=/dev/null
Trace=0
Debug=0
 
[D-Star]
Enable=0
Module=B
 
[DMR]
Enable=1
ColorCode=1
EmbeddedLCOnly=1
DumpTAData=0
 
[System Fusion]
Enable=0
 
[P25]
Enable=0
NAC=293
 
[NXDN]
Enable=0
RAN=1
Id=12345
 
[D-Star Network]
Enable=0
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=20010
LocalPort=20011
Debug=0
 
[DMR Network]
Enable=1
Address=tgif.network
Port=62031
;Jitter=360
Jitter=750
Local=62032
Password=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXx
# for DMR+ see https://github.com/DVSwitch/MMDVM_Bridge/blob/master/DOC/DMRplus_startup_options.md
# for XLX the syntax is: Options=XLX:4009
# Options=
Slot1=0
Slot2=1
Debug=0
 
[System Fusion Network]
Enable=0
LocalAddress=0
LocalPort=3200
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=4200
Debug=0
 
[P25 Network]
Enable=0
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=42020
LocalPort=32010
Debug=0
 
[NXDN Network]
Enable=0
#LocalAddress=127.0.0.1
Debug=0
LocalPort=14021
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=14020

Analog_Bridge.ini

/opt/Analog_Bridge/Analog_Bridge.ini

; Analog_Bridge configuration file.
;   This file should be placed in either /etc or it can be
;   supplied as a path on the Analog_Bridge command line.

; The best way to think of this file is that there are two main sections, the USRP (analog audio) and
; AMBE_AUDIO (compressed audio).  Analog_Bridge will take everything sent to the USRP port and
; encode it for transmission on the AMBE_AUDIO port.  The encoder will use the format defined in ambeMode.
; As you might expect, the reverse direction is defined too.

; Analog_Bridge supports include files. More on this later...
include = dvsm.macro
; include = asl.macro

; General Section describes settings for Analog_Bridge itself.
[GENERAL]
logLevel = 2                            ; Show messages and above 0=No logging, 1=Debug, 2=Message, 3=Info, 4=Warning, 5=Error, 6=Fatal

; Metadata management
exportMetadata = true                   ; Export metadata to USRP partner (transcode setups require this)
transferRootDir = /tmp			; Export database files to USRP partner
subscriberFile = /var/lib/dvswitch/subscriber_ids.csv   ; DMR ID to callsign lookup data

; General vocoder setup information
decoderFallBack = true                  ; Allow software AMBE decoding if a hardware decoder is not found
useEmulator = true                     ; Use the MD380 AMBE emulator for AMBE72 (DMR/YSFN/NXDN)
emulatorAddress = 127.0.0.1:2470        ; IP address and port of the md380 server
 
pcmPort = 2222				; UDP port to send to the WebProxy

; Information for xx_Bridge (Where xx is MMDVM, Quantar, HB, IPSC)
[AMBE_AUDIO]
address = 127.0.0.1                     ; IP address of xx_Bridge
txPort = 31103                          ; Transmit TLV frames to partner on this port
rxPort = 31100                          ; Listen for TLV frames from partner on this port
ambeMode = DMR                          ; DMR, DMR_IPSC, DSTAR, NXDN, P25, YSFN, YSFW (encode PCM to this format)
minTxTimeMS = 2500                      ; Analog -> Digital Minimum time in MS for hang delay (0-10000)

; The metadata below is used when ASL is the source since it does not have any concept of digital modes
gatewayDmrId = 2354429                  ; ID to use when transmitting from Analog_Bridge 7 digit ID
repeaterID = 235442999                  ; ID of source repeater 7 digit ID plus 2 digit SSID 
txTg = 2354429                                ; TG to use for all frames sent from Analog_Bridge -> xx_Bridge
txTs = 2                                ; Slot to use for frames sent from Analog_Bridge -> xx_Bridge
colorCode = 1                           ; Color Code to assign DMR frames

; Information for USRP channel driver.  This interface uses PCM to transfer audio information
; There are two typical configurations, ASL and Transcode.  ASL (AllstarLink) is for analog clients connected
; to a digital network.  Transcode is when Analog_Bridge actually points its PCM interfaces back at itself, 
; causing a TLV <-- (pcm <--> pcm) --> TLV type of architecture.
;   When using ASL, this matches the rpt.conf ASL file with a setting like:
;   rxchannel = usrp/127.0.0.1:34001:32001
;   When Transcoding, make two ini files and set txPort equal to the other instance rxPort (crossover).  Launch
;   each instance with its own ini file.
[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1                     ; IP address of USRP partner (Analog_Reflector, Allstar/Asterisk or another Analog_Bridge)
txPort = 31001                          ; Transmit USRP frames on this port
rxPort = 34001                          ; Listen for USRP frames on this port
usrpAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN                 ; Digital -> Analog (AUDIO_UNITY, AUDIO_USE_GAIN, AUDIO_USE_AGC)
usrpGain = 5.0                         ; Gain factor when usrpAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN (0.0 to 5.0) (1.0 = AUDIO_UNITY)
usrpAGC = -20,10,100                    ; Set the agc threshold (db), slope (db) and decay (ms)
tlvAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN                  ; Analog -> Digital (AUDIO_UNITY, AUDIO_USE_GAIN, AUDIO_BPF)
tlvGain = 1.0                          ; Gain factor when tlvAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN (0.0 to 5.0) (1.0 = AUDIO_UNITY)
 
[MACROS]

; Where the macros are
; xxxx=yyyy
; xxxx is the dial string to match
; yyyy is the command line to execute

; xxxx must be preceded by a *
; xxxx can be any string (alphanumeric)
; yyyy is the command to execute
; yyyy will replace xxxx in the dial string
; arguments follow the macro name with a # delimiter

; For example using macro "5678" above would look like:
; *5678#9876

; Which would invoke:
; echo 9876

; Information for DV3000 hardware decoder
;   There are two configuration modes: IP (AMBEServer) and serial (direct connect hardware)
;   Use top server and port if using AMBEServer
;   Use bottom server/port and serial = true if using the DV3000u (thumbdv)
;   Did you run AMBETest4.py before using this?
[DV3000]
address = 127.0.0.1                   ; IP address of AMBEServer
rxPort = 2460                         ; Port of AMBEServer
; address = /dev/ttyUSB0              ; Device of DV3000U on this machine
; baud = 460800                       ; Baud rate of the dongle (230400 or 460800)
; serial = true                       ; Use serial=true for direct connect or serial=false for AMBEServer

Test Node

See Test Node 481482

— John Pumford-Green 08/06/25 18:44 BST

Further Information

radio, allstar, dvswitch, dmr, echolink

NXDN Bridging

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:42:09 +0000

←AllStar Linking

NXDN Bridging

A change from DMR!

Overview of IP UDP ports

    Asterisk              Analog_Bridge           DVSwitch                  NXDNGateway
    ========              =============           MMDVM_Bridge              ===========
                                                  ============
                                                  
    [node]                [USPR]
    rxPort 31001 <------- txPort 31001
    txPort 34001 -------> rxPort 34001
                             ↓ ↑
                          [md380-emu]:2470
                             ↓ ↑
                          [AMBE]                [NXDN]
                          txPort 33103 ------>  rxPort 33103
                          rxPort 33100 <------  txPort 33100
                                                  ↓ ↑
                                                [NXDN Network]              [General]
                                                LocalPort   14021   <-----  RptPort   14021
                                                GatewayPort 14020   ----->  LocalPort 14020
                                                                                ↓ ↑
                                                                            [Network]
                                                                            Host IP/Port obtained from hostfiles
                                                                            by reference to Analog_Bridge txTG=xxxx

The main Things

Make sure Analog_Bridge.ini has the correct txPort and rxPort in its [USRP] section

[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1           ; IP address of USRP partner (Analog_Reflector, Allstar/Asterisk or another Analog_Bridge)
txPort = 31001                ; Transmit USRP frames on this port
rxPort = 34001                ; Listen for USRP frames on this port

It should match Asterisk's private node as defined in /etc/asterisk/rpt.conf - in this case it's [1398]

[1398]
rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:31001 ; Use the USRP channel driver. Must be enabled in modules.conf
 ; 127.0.0.1 = IP of the target application
 ; 34001 = UDP port the target application is listening on
 ; 32001 = UDP port ASL is listening on

Make Sure Analog_Bridge.ini has the correct txPort and rxPort in its [AMBE] section

[AMBE_AUDIO]
address = 127.0.0.1                     ; IP address of xx_Bridge
; For DMR  - match the ports set in DVSwitch.ini
;txPort = 31103                          ; Transmit TLV frames to partner on this port
;rxPort = 31100                          ; Listen for TLV frames from partner on this port

; FOr NXDN - match the ports set in DVSwitch.ini
txPort = 33103                          ; Transmit TLV frames to partner on this port
rxPort = 33100                          ; Listen for TLV frames from partner on this port
ambeMode = NXDN                          ; DMR, DMR_IPSC, DSTAR, NXDN, P25, YSFN, YSFW (encode PCM to this format)

should match the ports in DVSwitch.ini [NXDN] section

; Configure the NXDN Partner
; Audio format is AMBE 72 bit
[NXDN]
address = 127.0.0.1             ; Address to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort = 33100                  ; Port to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort = 33103                  ; Port to listen on (import)

Disable [DMR] in MMDVM_Bridge.ini

[DMR]
Enable=0
ColorCode=1
EmbeddedLCOnly=1
DumpTAData=0

Enable [NXDN] in MMDVM_Bridge.ini and set your own NXDN ID number

[NXDN]
Enable=1
RAN=1
Id=7485

Set Fallback IDs in DVSwitch.ini

fallbackID = 2354429            ; In case we can not find a valid DMR id in the database, export this one
nxdnFallbackID  = 7485         ; Use this ID when the input DMR ID is not found in the database

Set Callsign in NXDNGateway.ini

[General]
Callsign=GM4SLV
Suffix=NXDN

I don't know what Suffix means, I left it as found
Set the NXDN talkgroup in Analog_Bridge.ini
NXDN Talkgroups are listed here : https://www.pistar.uk/nxdn_reflectors.php
- A Talkgroup actually seems to specify a particular reflector IP address/Hostname & UDP port
- These are retrieved by NXDNGateway from the hostfile : /var/lib/mmdvm/NXDNHosts.txt
- Setting the txTG=23551 in Analog_Bridge.ini causes NXDNGateway to make a connection to the relevant reflector when you send traffic by keying up.
- For example TG23551 (Scot-Multi) appears in NXDNHosts.txt as:

23551   nxdnscotland.ddns.net   41400

Having txTG=23551 in Analog_Bridge.ini causes DVSwitch to connect, and start to flow packets, with nxdnscotland.ddns.net:41400
Another source of info https://dvref.com/nxdn/
- TG23551 : https://dvref.com/nxdn/nxdn-23551

Updating DVSwitch Hostfiles

DVSwtich keep its hostfiles in /var/lib/mmdvm and updates via cron.daily/DVSM_Update which calls /opt/MMDVM_Bridge/dvswitch.sh update
This tries to download hostfiles from various places using curl
It seems to fail most of the time due to a SSL problem
A workaround is to put “insecure” in root's ~/.curlrc

 
gm4slv@node481482:~$ sudo su -
 
root@node481482:~# echo insecure >> ~/.curlrc
 
root@node481482:~# /opt/MMDVM_Bridge/dvswitch.sh update

DVSwitch.ini

; MMDVM_Bridge export / import configuration file.
;   This file should be placed along side of MMDVM_Bridge or you can supply
;   an absolute path in the DVSWITCH environment variable, e.g:
;   DVSWITCH=/etc/MMDVM_Bridge/DVSwitch.ini
;   before executing MMDVM_Bridge
;
; Another method to set the enviorment variable is to use the systemd unit file
; by adding:
; Environment=DVSWITCH=/etc/MMDVM_Bridge/DVSwitch.ini
; to /lib/systemd/system/mmdvm_bridge.service

; Configure the Quantar Repeater Partner
; Note that the TX and RX ports are already reversed for MMDVM_Bridge <--> Quantar_Bridge
[QUANTAR]
address = 0.0.0.0               ; Address to send IMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort = 34103                  ; Port to send IMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort = 34100                  ; Port to listen for IMBE TLV frames on (import)
quantarPort = 1994              ; HDLC frames To/From the Quantar repeater
debug = 0                       ; Debug 0 = off, 1 = on (adds lots of additional messages)
logLevel = 2                    ; Logging levels, 0=No logging, 1=Debug, 2=Message, 3=Info, 4=Warning, 5=Error, 6=Fatal
logFilePath = /var/log/dvswitch/Quantar_Bridge.log

; Configure the DMR Partner
; Audio format is AMBE 72 bit
[DMR]
address = 127.0.0.1             ; Address to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort = 31100                  ; Port to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort = 31103                  ; Port to listen on (import)
slot = 2                        ; Export slot
exportTG = 0                    ; Which TG to export 
hangTimerInFrames = 0		; Use 50 for 3 seconds of hang time (3000 / 60) 
talkerAlias = %callsign %location %description ; Get callsign location and description from MMDVM_Bridge.ini

; Configure the D-Star Partner
; Audio format is AMBE 48 bit (DSAMBE)
[DSTAR]
address = 127.0.0.1             ; Address to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort = 32100                  ; Port to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort = 32103                  ; Port to listen on (import)
fallbackID = 1234567            ; In case we can not find a valid DMR id in the database, export this one
exportTG = 9                    ; Which TG to export
slot = 2                        ; Export slot
RemotePort = 54321		; Port to send Gateway commands to
message = %location %description ; Get location and description from MMDVM_Bridge.ini

; Configure the NXDN Partner
; Audio format is AMBE 72 bit
[NXDN]
address = 127.0.0.1             ; Address to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort = 33100                  ; Port to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort = 33103                  ; Port to listen on (import)
fallbackID = 2354429            ; In case we can not find a valid DMR id in the database, export this one
nxdnFallbackID  = 7485         ; Use this ID when the input DMR ID is not found in the database
translate = 1234=4321           ; Translate NXDN TG < -- > DMR TG (bidirectional)
slot = 2                        ; Export slot
RemotePort = 6075		; Port to send Gateway commands to

; Configure the P25 Partner
; Audio format is IMBE 88 bit
[P25]
address = 127.0.0.1             ; Address to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort = 34100                  ; Port to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort = 34103                  ; Port to listen on (import)
slot = 2                        ; Export slot
RemotePort = 6074		; Port to send Gateway commands to

; Configure the Yaesu Fusion Partner
; Audio format is AMBE 72 bit
; Audio format is IMBE 88 bit
[YSF]
address = 127.0.0.1             ; Address to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort = 35100                  ; Port to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort = 35103                  ; Port to listen on (import)
txWidePort = 35105		; Port to send IMBE TLV frames to for YSFw (export)
fallbackID = 1234567            ; In case we can not find a valid DMR id in the database, export this one
exportTG = 9                    ; Which TG to export
slot = 2                        ; Export slot
RemotePort = 6073		; Port to send Gateway commands to

; Configure the BrandMeister connection
; Simple Terminal Feature Update
; Audio format is AMBE 72 bit
[STFU]                          ; Brandmeister Open DMR Terminal (ODMRT) Protocol
BMAddress = 3102.repeater.net   ; Brandmeister ODMRT server address
BMPort = 54006                  ; Brandmeister ODMRT port
BMPassword = passw0rd           ; Your Brandmeister password
Address = 127.0.0.1             ; Address to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
txPort  = 36100                 ; Port to send AMBE TLV frames to (export)
rxPort  = 36103                 ; Port to listen on (import)
UserID  = 1234567               ; Your DMR ID
TalkerAlias = N0CALL Name City  ; Max 27 characters
StartTG = 3166                  ; Startup talk group
LogLevel = 3                    ; STFU log level (0=No logging, 1=Debug, 2=Message, 3=Info, 4=Warning, 5=Error)
 
[ASL]
address = 127.0.0.1
txPort = 30100
rxPort = 30103

MMDVM_Bridge.ini

[General]
Callsign=GM4SLV
Id=235442998
Timeout=180
Duplex=0
 
[Info]
RXFrequency=144900000
TXFrequency=144900000
Power=1
Latitude=60.2885
Longitude=-1.425
Height=0
Location="GM4SLV Bridge2"
Description=MMDVM_Bridge
URL=https://gm4slv.org.uk
 
[Log]
# Logging levels, 0=No logging, 1=Debug, 2=Message, 3=Info, 4=Warning, 5=Error, 6=Fatal
DisplayLevel=1
FileLevel=2
FilePath=/var/log/mmdvm
FileRoot=MMDVM_Bridge
 
[DMR Id Lookup]
File=/var/lib/mmdvm/DMRIds.dat
Time=24
 
[NXDN Id Lookup]
File=/var/lib/mmdvm/NXDN.csv
Time=24
 
[Modem]
Port=/dev/null
RSSIMappingFile=/dev/null
Trace=0
Debug=0
 
[D-Star]
Enable=0
Module=B
 
[DMR]
Enable=0
ColorCode=1
EmbeddedLCOnly=1
DumpTAData=0
 
[System Fusion]
Enable=0
 
[P25]
Enable=0
NAC=293
 
[NXDN]
Enable=1
RAN=1
Id=7485
 
[D-Star Network]
Enable=0
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=20010
LocalPort=20011
Debug=0
 
[DMR Network]
Enable=0

; TGIF
;Address=tgif.network
;Port=62031
;TGIF Password for 2354435
;Password=XXXXXXXXX
; TGIF Password for 2354429
;Password=XXXXXXXXX

; Brandmeister
Address=2341.master.brandmeister.network
Password=XXXXXXX
Port=62031
 
Jitter=750
Local=62032

; FOR DVS_Ph F
;Address=78.129.135.43
;Port=55555
;Password=PASSWORD
;Options=StartRef=4000;RelinkTime=0;UserLink=0;TS1_1=733;
 
Slot1=0
Slot2=1
Debug=0
 
[System Fusion Network]
Enable=0
LocalAddress=0
LocalPort=3200
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=4200
Debug=0
 
[P25 Network]
Enable=0
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=42020
LocalPort=32010
Debug=0
 
[NXDN Network]
Enable=1
#LocalAddress=127.0.0.1
Debug=1
LocalPort=14021
GatewayAddress=127.0.0.1
GatewayPort=14020

NXDNGateway.ini

[General]
Callsign=GM4SLV
Suffix=NXDN
# The next four lines are for a Kenwood repeater
# RptProtocol=Kenwood
# RptAddress=1.2.3.4
# RptPort=64000
# LocalPort=64000
# The next four lines are for an Icom repeater
# RptProtocol=Icom
# RptAddress=1.2.3.4
# RptPort=41300
# LocalPort=41300
# The next four lines are for an MMDVM
RptProtocol=Icom
RptAddress=127.0.0.1
RptPort=14021
LocalPort=14020
Debug=0
Daemon=0
 
[Info]
RXFrequency=223500000
TXFrequency=223500000
Power=1
Latitude=41.7333
Longitude=-50.3999
Height=0
Location=Iceberg
Description=DVSwitch
URL=https://groups.io/g/DVSwitch
 
[Voice]
Enabled=1
Language=en_GB
Directory=./Audio
 
[aprs.fi]
Enable=0
# Server=noam.aprs2.net
Server=euro.aprs2.net
Port=14580
Password=9999
Description=APRS Description
Suffix=N
 
[Id Lookup]
Name=/var/lib/mmdvm/NXDN.csv
Time=24
 
[Log]
# Logging levels, 0=No logging, 1=Debug, 2=Message, 3=Info, 4=Warning, 5=Error, 6=Fatal
DisplayLevel=1
FileLevel=2
FilePath=/var/log/mmdvm
FileRoot=NXDNGateway
 
[Network]
Port=14050
HostsFile1=/var/lib/mmdvm/NXDNHosts.txt
HostsFile2=/var/lib/mmdvm/private_NXDNHosts.txt
ReloadTime=60
ParrotAddress=127.0.0.1
ParrotPort=42021
NXDN2DMRAddress=127.0.0.1
NXDN2DMRPort=42022
# Startup=10200
InactivityTimeout=0
Debug=0
 
[Mobile GPS]
Enable=0
Address=127.0.0.1
Port=7834
 
[Remote Commands]
Enable=1
Port=6075

Analog_Bridge.ini

; Analog_Bridge configuration file.
;   This file should be placed in either /etc or it can be
;   supplied as a path on the Analog_Bridge command line.

; The best way to think of this file is that there are two main sections, the USRP (analog audio) and
; AMBE_AUDIO (compressed audio).  Analog_Bridge will take everything sent to the USRP port and
; encode it for transmission on the AMBE_AUDIO port.  The encoder will use the format defined in ambeMode.
; As you might expect, the reverse direction is defined too.

; Analog_Bridge supports include files. More on this later...
include = dvsm.macro
; include = asl.macro

; General Section describes settings for Analog_Bridge itself.
[GENERAL]
logLevel = 2                            ; Show messages and above 0=No logging, 1=Debug, 2=Message, 3=Info, 4=Warning, 5=Error, 6=Fatal

; Metadata management
exportMetadata = true                   ; Export metadata to USRP partner (transcode setups require this)
transferRootDir = /tmp			; Export database files to USRP partner
subscriberFile = /var/lib/dvswitch/subscriber_ids.csv   ; DMR ID to callsign lookup data

; General vocoder setup information
decoderFallBack = true                  ; Allow software AMBE decoding if a hardware decoder is not found
useEmulator = true                     ; Use the MD380 AMBE emulator for AMBE72 (DMR/YSFN/NXDN)
emulatorAddress = 127.0.0.1:2470        ; IP address and port of the md380 server
 
pcmPort = 2222				; UDP port to send to the WebProxy

; Information for xx_Bridge (Where xx is MMDVM, Quantar, HB, IPSC)
[AMBE_AUDIO]
address = 127.0.0.1                     ; IP address of xx_Bridge
; For DMR - set in DVSwitch.ini
;txPort = 31103                          ; Transmit TLV frames to partner on this port
;rxPort = 31100                          ; Listen for TLV frames from partner on this port

; FOr NXDN - set in DVSwitch.ini
txPort = 33103                          ; Transmit TLV frames to partner on this port
rxPort = 33100                          ; Listen for TLV frames from partner on this port
ambeMode = NXDN                          ; DMR, DMR_IPSC, DSTAR, NXDN, P25, YSFN, YSFW (encode PCM to this format)
minTxTimeMS = 2500                      ; Analog -> Digital Minimum time in MS for hang delay (0-10000)

; The metadata below is used when ASL is the source since it does not have any concept of digital modes
gatewayDmrId = 2354429                  ; ID to use when transmitting from Analog_Bridge 7 digit ID
repeaterID = 235442998                  ; ID of source repeater 7 digit ID plus 2 digit SSID 
; Talkgroup needed for DMR and NXDN.
; NXDNGateway uses Talkgroup to choose the reflector IP/Port from its Host Files
txTg = 23551                        ; TG to use for all frames sent from Analog_Bridge -> xx_Bridge
txTs = 2                                ; Slot to use for frames sent from Analog_Bridge -> xx_Bridge
colorCode = 1                           ; Color Code to assign DMR frames

; Information for USRP channel driver.  This interface uses PCM to transfer audio information
; There are two typical configurations, ASL and Transcode.  ASL (AllstarLink) is for analog clients connected
; to a digital network.  Transcode is when Analog_Bridge actually points its PCM interfaces back at itself, 
; causing a TLV <-- (pcm <--> pcm) --> TLV type of architecture.
;   When using ASL, this matches the rpt.conf ASL file with a setting like:
;   rxchannel = usrp/127.0.0.1:34001:32001
;   When Transcoding, make two ini files and set txPort equal to the other instance rxPort (crossover).  Launch
;   each instance with its own ini file.
[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1                     ; IP address of USRP partner (Analog_Reflector, Allstar/Asterisk or another Analog_Bridge)
txPort = 31001                          ; Transmit USRP frames on this port
rxPort = 34001                          ; Listen for USRP frames on this port
usrpAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN                 ; Digital -> Analog (AUDIO_UNITY, AUDIO_USE_GAIN, AUDIO_USE_AGC)
usrpGain = 5.0                         ; Gain factor when usrpAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN (0.0 to 5.0) (1.0 = AUDIO_UNITY)
usrpAGC = -20,10,100                    ; Set the agc threshold (db), slope (db) and decay (ms)
tlvAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN                  ; Analog -> Digital (AUDIO_UNITY, AUDIO_USE_GAIN, AUDIO_BPF)
tlvGain = 1.0                          ; Gain factor when tlvAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN (0.0 to 5.0) (1.0 = AUDIO_UNITY)
 
[MACROS]

; Where the macros are
; xxxx=yyyy
; xxxx is the dial string to match
; yyyy is the command line to execute

; xxxx must be preceded by a *
; xxxx can be any string (alphanumeric)
; yyyy is the command to execute
; yyyy will replace xxxx in the dial string
; arguments follow the macro name with a # delimiter

; For example using macro "5678" above would look like:
; *5678#9876

; Which would invoke:
; echo 9876

; Information for DV3000 hardware decoder
;   There are two configuration modes: IP (AMBEServer) and serial (direct connect hardware)
;   Use top server and port if using AMBEServer
;   Use bottom server/port and serial = true if using the DV3000u (thumbdv)
;   Did you run AMBETest4.py before using this?
[DV3000]
address = 127.0.0.1                   ; IP address of AMBEServer
rxPort = 2460                         ; Port of AMBEServer
; address = /dev/ttyUSB0              ; Device of DV3000U on this machine
; baud = 460800                       ; Baud rate of the dongle (230400 or 460800)
; serial = true                       ; Use serial=true for direct connect or serial=false for AMBEServer

— John Pumford-Green 10/06/25 08:51 BST

Further Information

radio, AllStar, dvswitch, nxdn

DM15L Non-linear Curve Fit

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 06 Apr 2026 12:40:53 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM15L Non-linear Curve Fit

Using DM15L/HP15C built-in L.R function to fit non-linear curves

Background

The idea is that the 3 different non-linear function forms can be expressed as linear expression y = m.x + c if we manipulate the x or y values before adding them to the statistics accumulator.

The different curves require different treatment of the data to linearize, and the resulting coefficients may require treatment too.

Tl;dr

Method for Exponential

y = b.e^ax

Ln(y) = a.x + Ln(b)

Enter Accumulation data	`y_i gLn x_i ∑+`
Calculate coefficients	`fL.R.e^x`
Estimate ŷ & r for a new `x`	`x fŷ.r e^x`

Method for Logarithmic

y=a.ln(x)+b

y = a.Ln(x) + b

Enter Accumulation data	`y_i Enter x_i gLn∑+`
Calculate coefficients	`fL.R.`
Estimate ŷ & r for a new `x`	`xgLn fŷ.r`

Method for Power

y=b.x^a

Ln(y) = a.Ln(x) + Ln(b)

Enter Accumulation data	`y_i gLn x_i gLn∑+`
Calculate coefficients	`fL.R.e^x`
Estimate ŷ & r for a new `x`	`x gLnfŷ.re^x`

Exponential

y = b.e^ax

This can be expressed as Ln(y) = Ln(b) + a.x

Ln(y) = a.x + ln(b)

compare with a linear expression y = m.x + c

Using Ln(y) and x as data points and running the L.R. function will give coefficients equal to a and ln(b)

You can obtain the actual value of b finding its antilog with e^x.

Once the L.R. has run you can find estimates of ŷ by running the fŷ.r to get the estimate of Ln(y) and then finding its antilog with e^x

Mechanism

To enter the data points you convert the y data to its Ln first, then accumulate as normal

y_i gLn x_i ∑+

Once all the data has been entered you get the Linear Regression coefficients a & b fL.R. and e^x to correct the b LR coefficient.

Example Data

y	2.8	3.6	5.8	8.0
x	0.8	1.1	1.7	2.1

fClear ∑

2.8 gLn 0.8 ∑+

3.6 gLn 1.1 ∑+

5.8 gLn 1.7 ∑+

8.0 gLn 2.1 ∑+

All data is in the accumulator, now do the Linear Regression fL.R.

This gives a and Ln b coefficients

Y: 0.805 = a

X: 0.3897 = ln b

so we need to find b so e^x

Y: 0.805 = a

X: 1.476 = b

Equation estimation is therefore y = 1.476 e ^0.805x

I made the data table by using the equation y = 1.5 e ^0.8x and then used approx. y values for the data table…. so the estimate looks pretty good

To do an estimation of y when x = 0.9

0.9 fŷ.r e^x

Y: 0.999962 = r correlation coefficient

X: 3.047425 = ŷ estimation

Method for Exponential

Enter Accumulation data	`y_i gLn x_i ∑+`
Calculate coefficients	`fL.R.e^x`
Estimate ŷ & r for a new `x`	`x fŷ.r e^x`

Logarithmic

y = a.ln(x) + b

Compare to a linear expression y = m.x + c shows the logarithmic curve is linear if we use Ln(x) as we accumulate data points.

The L.R. will provide the actual a and b coefficients.

To estimate ŷ first find the Ln of x then use the fŷ.r

Mechanism

y_i Enter x_i gLn∑+

Calculate LR Coefficients

fL.R.

Calculate estimated ŷ by finding the Ln of your x value first and then using fŷ.r

xgLnfŷ.r

Example Data

y	1.5	1.7	1.8	2.1
x	0.8	1.7	2.6	4.9

fClear ∑

1.5 Enter 0.8 gLn∑+

1.7 Enter 1.7 gLn∑+

1.8 Enter 2.6 gLn∑+

2.1 Enter 4.9 gLn∑+

Linear Regression Coefficients : fL.R.

Y: 0.324 = a

X: 1.544 = b

Equation y = 0.324 . Ln(x) + 1.544

Estimate ŷ for X = 3

3 gLn fŷ.r

Y: 0.985 = r, correlation coefficient

X: 1.900 = ŷ, estimation

Method for Logarithmic

Enter Accumulation data	`y_i Enter x_i gLn∑+`
Calculate coefficients	`fL.R.`
Estimate ŷ & r for a new `x`	`xgLn fŷ.r`

Power

y = b.x^a

This can be rearranged as Ln(y) = Ln(b) + a.Ln(x) or Ln(y) = a.Ln(x) + Ln(b)

Compare to a linear expression y = m.x + c

Our expression will be a straight line if we accumulate Ln(y) and Ln(x)

The coefficients given by the L.R. function will be a and Ln(b) - so to get the real b coefficient we find its antilog e^x

We get the estimate for ŷ we first find the Ln of our chosen x and then use the ŷ.r to get Ln(ŷ) and then e^x to get ŷ

Mechanism

Accumulate using

y_i gLn x_i gLn∑+

Calculate LR Coefficients

fL.R.e^x

Calculate estimated ŷ

xgLnfŷ.re^x

Example Data

y	1.3	2.2	3.3	4.4
x	0.6	1.3	2.4	3.6

fClear ∑

1.3 gLn 0.6 gLn∑+

2.2 gLn 1.3 gLn∑+

3.3 gLn 2.4 gLn∑+

4.4 gLn 3.6 gLn∑+

Linear Regression Coefficients : fL.R.e^x

Y: 0.678 = a

X: 1.837 = b

Equation : y = 1.837x^0.678

Estimate ŷ for X = 3

3 gLnfŷ.re^x

Y: 1.000 = r, correlation coefficient

X: 3.869 = ŷ, estimation

Method for Power

Enter Accumulation data	`y_i gLn x_i gLn∑+`
Calculate coefficients	`fL.R.e^x`
Estimate ŷ & r for a new `x`	`x gLnfŷ.re^x`

— John Pumford-Green 01/02/26 08:42 GMT

Further Information

calculator, dm15l

Old stuff but good

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

Old stuff but good

Alpine

.pinerc

#
# Alpine configuration file
#
# This file sets the configuration options used by Alpine and PC-Alpine. These
# options are usually set from within Alpine or PC-Alpine. There may be a
# system-wide configuration file which sets the defaults for some of the
# variables. On Unix, run alpine -conf to see how system defaults have been set.
# For variables that accept multiple values, list elements are separated by
# commas. A line beginning with a space or tab is considered to be a
# continuation of the previous line. For a variable to be unset its value must
# be blank. To set a variable to the empty string its value should be "".
# You can override system defaults by setting a variable to the empty string.
# Lines beginning with "#" are comments, and ignored by Alpine.

# Over-rides your full name from Unix password file. Required for PC-Alpine.
personal-name=

# Sets domain part of From: and local addresses in outgoing mail.
user-domain=gm4slv.plus.com

# List of SMTP servers for sending mail. If blank: Unix Alpine uses sendmail.
smtp-server=relay.plus.net:587/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com

# NNTP server for posting news. Also sets news-collections for news reading.
nntp-server=""

# Path of (local or remote) INBOX, e.g. ={mail.somewhere.edu}inbox
# Normal Unix default is the local INBOX (usually /var/spool/mail/$USER).
inbox-path={imap.plus.net:993/ssl/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com}inbox

# List of folder pairs; the first indicates a folder to archive, and the
# second indicates the folder read messages in the first should
# be moved to.
incoming-archive-folders=

# List of folders, assumed to be in first folder collection,
# offered for pruning each month.  For example: mumble
pruned-folders=

# Over-rides default path for sent-mail folder, e.g. =old-mail (using first
# folder collection dir) or ={host2}sent-mail or ="" (to suppress saving).
# Default: sent-mail (Unix) or SENTMAIL.MTX (PC) in default folder collection.
default-fcc={imap.plus.net:993/ssl/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com}Inbox.Sent

# Over-rides default path for saved-msg folder, e.g. =saved-messages (using 1st
# folder collection dir) or ={host2}saved-mail or ="" (to suppress saving).
# Default: saved-messages (Unix) or SAVEMAIL.MTX (PC) in default collection.
default-saved-msg-folder=

# Over-rides default path for postponed messages folder, e.g. =pm (which uses
# first folder collection dir) or ={host4}pm (using home dir on host4).
# Default: postponed-msgs (Unix) or POSTPOND.MTX (PC) in default fldr coltn.
postponed-folder=

# If set, specifies where already-read messages will be moved upon quitting.
read-message-folder=

# If set, specifies where form letters should be stored.
form-letter-folder=

# If set, specifies where trash is moved to in Web Alpine.
trash-folder=

# Contains the actual signature contents as opposed to the signature filename.
# If defined, this overrides the signature-file. Default is undefined.
literal-signature=

# Over-rides default path for signature file. Default is ~/.signature
signature-file=

# List of features; see Alpine's Setup/options menu for the current set.
# e.g. feature-list= select-without-confirm, signature-at-bottom
# Default condition for all of the features is no-.
feature-list=combined-folder-display,
	expanded-view-of-folders,
	expose-hidden-config,
	no-force-arrow-cursor,
	enable-incoming-folders,
	combined-subdirectory-display,
	enable-incoming-folders-checking,
	preopen-stayopen-folders,
	no-enable-msg-view-forced-arrows,
	enable-full-header-and-text,
	enable-cruise-mode,
	prefer-plain-text,
	enable-mail-check-cue,
	no-show-cursor,
	quell-empty-directories,
	no-separate-folder-and-directory-entries,
	no-enable-dot-folders,
	vertical-folder-list,
	single-column-folder-list,
	expanded-view-of-distribution-lists,
	disable-take-last-comma-first,
	no-assume-slow-link,
	show-plain-text-internally,
	enable-msg-view-addresses,
	no-enable-arrow-navigation-relaxed,
	no-enable-lame-list-mode

# Alpine executes these keys upon startup (e.g. to view msg 13: i,j,1,3,CR,v)
initial-keystroke-list=

# Only show these headers (by default) when composing messages
default-composer-hdrs=

# Add these customized headers (and possible default values) when composing
customized-hdrs=

# When viewing messages, include this list of headers
viewer-hdrs=

# When viewing messages, number of blank spaces between left display edge and text
viewer-margin-left=

# When viewing messages, number of blank spaces between right display edge and text
viewer-margin-right=

# When viewing messages, number of lines of quote displayed before suppressing
quote-suppression-threshold=

# Determines default folder name for Saves...
# Choices: default-folder, by-sender, by-from, by-recipient, last-folder-used.
# Default: "default-folder", i.e. "saved-messages" (Unix) or "SAVEMAIL" (PC).
saved-msg-name-rule=

# Determines default name for Fcc...
# Choices: default-fcc, by-recipient, last-fcc-used.
# Default: "default-fcc" (see also "default-fcc=" variable.)
fcc-name-rule=

# Sets presentation order of messages in Index. Choices:
# Subject, From, Arrival, Date, Size, To, Cc, OrderedSubj, Score, and Thread.
# Order may be reversed by appending /Reverse. Default: "Arrival".
sort-key=

# Sets presentation order of address book entries. Choices: dont-sort,
# fullname-with-lists-last, fullname, nickname-with-lists-last, nickname
# Default: "fullname-with-lists-last".
addrbook-sort-rule=

# Sets presentation order of folder list entries. Choices: alphabetical,
# alpha-with-dirs-last, alpha-with-dirs-first.
# Default: "alpha-with-directories-last".
folder-sort-rule=

# Sets the default folder and collection offered at the Goto Command's prompt.
goto-default-rule=

# Sets message which cursor begins on. Choices: first-unseen, first-recent,
# first-important, first-important-or-unseen, first-important-or-recent,
# first, last. Default: "first-unseen".
incoming-startup-rule=

# Allows a default answer for the prune folder questions. Choices: yes-ask,
# yes-no, no-ask, no-no, ask-ask, ask-no. Default: "ask-ask".
pruning-rule=

# Controls behavior when reopening an already open folder.
folder-reopen-rule=

# Style that MESSAGE INDEX is displayed in when threading.
threading-display-style=

# Style of THREAD INDEX or default MESSAGE INDEX when threading.
threading-index-style=

# When threading, character used to indicate collapsed messages underneath.
threading-indicator-character=

# When threading, character used to indicate expanded messages underneath.
threading-expanded-character=

# When threading, character used to indicate this is the last reply
# to the parent of this message.
threading-lastreply-character=

# Reflects capabilities of the display you have.
# If unset, the default is taken from your locale. That is usually the right
# thing to use. Typical alternatives include UTF-8, ISO-8859-x, and EUC-JP
# (where x is a number between 1 and 9).
display-character-set=

# Reflects capabilities of the keyboard you have.
# If unset, the default is to use the same value
# used for the display-character-set.
keyboard-character-set=

# Defaults to UTF-8. This is used for outgoing messages.
# It is usually correct to leave this unset.
posting-character-set=

# Defaults to nothing, which is equivalent to US-ASCII. This is used for
# unlabeled incoming messages. It is ok to leave this unset but if you receive
# unlabeled mail that is usually in some known character set, set that here.
unknown-character-set=

# Specifies the program invoked by ^_ in the Composer,
# or the "enable-alternate-editor-implicitly" feature.
editor=

# Specifies the program invoked by ^T in the Composer.
speller=

# Specifies the column of the screen where the composer should wrap.
composer-wrap-column=

# Specifies the string to insert when replying to a message.
reply-indent-string=

# Specifies the introduction to insert when replying to a message.
reply-leadin=

# Specifies the string to replace quotes with when viewing a message.
quote-replace-string=

# When these characters appear in the middle of a word in the composer
# the forward word function will stop at the first text following (as happens
# with SPACE characters by default)
composer-word-separators=

# Specifies the string to use when sending a  message with no to or cc.
empty-header-message=

# Program to view images (e.g. GIF or TIFF attachments).
image-viewer=

# If "user-domain" not set, strips hostname in FROM address. (Unix only)
use-only-domain-name=

# This variable takes a list of programs that message text is piped into
# after MIME decoding, prior to display.
display-filters=

# This defines a program that message text is piped into before MIME
# encoding, prior to sending
sending-filters=

# A list of alternate addresses the user is known by
alt-addresses=

# A list of keywords for use in categorizing messages
keywords=

# Characters which surround keywords in SUBJKEY token.
# Default is "{" "} "
keyword-surrounding-chars=

# Characters between subject and opening text in SUBJECTTEXT token.
# Default is " - "
opening-text-separator-chars=

# This is a list of formats for address books.  Each entry in the list is made
# up of space-delimited tokens telling which fields are displayed and in
# which order.  See help text
addressbook-formats=

# This gives a format for displaying the index.  It is made
# up of space-delimited tokens telling which fields are displayed and in
# which order.  See help text
index-format=

# The number of lines of overlap when scrolling through message text
viewer-overlap=

# Number of lines from top and bottom of screen where single
# line scrolling occurs.
scroll-margin=

# The number of seconds to sleep after writing a status message
status-message-delay=

# Number of times per-second to update busy cue messages
busy-cue-rate=

# The approximate number of seconds between checks for new mail
mail-check-interval=

# The approximate number of seconds between checks for new mail in folders
# other than the current folder and inbox.
# Default is same as mail-check-interval
mail-check-interval-noncurrent=

# The minimum number of seconds between checks for new mail in a Mail Drop.
# This is always effectively at least as large as the mail-check-interval
maildrop-check-minimum=

# For newsgroups accessed using NNTP, only messages numbered in the range
# lastmsg-range+1 to lastmsg will be considered
nntp-range=

# Full path and name of NEWSRC file
newsrc-path=

# Path and filename of news configuration's active file.
# The default is typically "/usr/lib/news/active".
news-active-file-path=

# Directory containing system's news data.
# The default is typically "/var/spool/news"
news-spool-directory=

# Path and filename of the program used to upload text from your terminal
# emulator's into Alpine's composer.
upload-command=

# Text sent to terminal emulator prior to invoking the program defined by
# the upload-command variable.
# Note: _FILE_ will be replaced with the temporary file used in the upload.
upload-command-prefix=

# Path and filename of the program used to download text via your terminal
# emulator from Alpine's export and save commands.
download-command=

# Text sent to terminal emulator prior to invoking the program defined by
# the download-command variable.
# Note: _FILE_ will be replaced with the temporary file used in the download.
download-command-prefix=

# Sets the search path for the mailcap configuration file.
# NOTE: colon delimited under UNIX, semi-colon delimited under DOS/Windows/OS2.
mailcap-search-path=

# Sets the search path for the mimetypes configuration file.
# NOTE: colon delimited under UNIX, semi-colon delimited under DOS/Windows/OS2.
mimetype-search-path=

# Sets the path for the system ssl certificates issued by a trusted
# certificate authority. Note that this could be a list of paths, if the same
# pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the first one that
# it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
system-certs-path=

# Sets the path for the system ssl file container of certificates issued by a
# certificate authority. Note that this could be a list of container files,
# if the same pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the,
# first one that it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
system-certs-file=

# Sets the path for a file that contains certificates that a user trusts.
Note that this could be a list of container files,
# if the same pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the,
# first one that it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
user-certs-path=

# Sets the path for a file that contains certificates that a user trusts.
Note that this could be a list of container files,
# if the same pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the,
# first one that it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
user-certs-file=

# List of programs to open Internet URLs (e.g. http or ftp references).
url-viewers=

# List of directories that are preferred locations to save or export attachments.
default-directories=

# The maximum number of non-stayopen remote connections that Alpine will use
max-remote-connections=

# A list of folders that should be left open once opened (INBOX is implicit)
stay-open-folders=""

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a network
# connection when checking for new unseen messages in an incoming folder.
#  The default is 5.
incoming-check-timeout=

# Sets the approximate number of seconds between checks for unseen messages
# in incoming folders. The default is 180.
incoming-check-interval=

# Sets the approximate number of seconds between checks for unseen messages
# for other than local or IMAP folders. The default is 180.
incoming-check-interval-secondary=

# List of incoming folders to check for unseen messages. The default if left
# blank is to check all incoming folders.
incoming-check-list=

# Specifies the number of dead letter files to keep when canceling.
dead-letter-files=

# Sets the filename for the newmail fifo (named pipe). Unix only.
newmail-fifo-path=

# Sets the width for the NewMail screen.
newmail-window-width=

# List of incoming msg folders besides INBOX, e.g. ={host2}inbox, {host3}inbox
# Syntax: optnl-label {optnl-imap-host-name}folder-path
incoming-folders=W2W {imap.123-reg.co.uk:993/ssl/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk}INBOX

# List of directories where saved-message folders may be. First one is
# the default for Saves. Example: Main {host1}mail/[], Desktop mail\[]
# Syntax: optnl-label {optnl-imap-hostname}optnl-directory-path[]
folder-collections="W2W Folders" {imap.123-reg.co.uk:993/ssl/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk}[],
	PlusNet {imap.plus.net:993/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com/ssl}INBOX.[]

# List, only needed if nntp-server not set, or news is on a different host
# than used for NNTP posting. Examples: News *[] or News *{host3/nntp}[]
# Syntax: optnl-label *{news-host/protocol}[]
news-collections=

# List of file or path names for personal addressbook(s).
# Default: ~/.addressbook (Unix) or \PINE\ADDRBOOK (PC)
# Syntax: optnl-label path-name
address-book=

# List of file or path names for global/shared addressbook(s).
# Default: none
# Syntax: optnl-label path-name
global-address-book=

# Set by Alpine; controls beginning-of-month sent-mail pruning.
last-time-prune-questioned=122.9

# Set by Alpine; controls display of "new version" message.
last-version-used=6.24

# This names the path to an alternative program, and any necessary arguments,
# to be used in posting mail messages.  Example:
#                    /usr/lib/sendmail -oem -t -oi
# or,
#                    /usr/local/bin/sendit.sh
# The latter a script found in Alpine distribution's contrib/util directory.
# NOTE: The program MUST read the message to be posted on standard input,
#       AND operate in the style of sendmail's "-t" option.
sendmail-path=

# This names the root of the tree to which the user is restricted when reading
# and writing folders and files.  For example, on Unix ~/work confines the
# user to the subtree beginning with their work subdirectory.
# (Note: this alone is not sufficient for preventing access.  You will also
# need to restrict shell access and so on, see Alpine Technical Notes.)
# Default: not set (so no restriction)
operating-dir=

# If no user input for this many hours, Alpine will exit if in an idle loop
# waiting for a new command.  If set to zero (the default), then there will
# be no timeout.
user-input-timeout=

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a network
# connection.  The default is 30, the minimum is 5, and the maximum is
# system defined (typically 75).
tcp-open-timeout=

# Network read warning timeout. The default is 15, the minimum is 5, and the
# maximum is 1000.
tcp-read-warning-timeout=

# Network write warning timeout. The default is 0 (unset), the minimum
# is 5 (if not 0), and the maximum is 1000.
tcp-write-warning-timeout=

# If this much time has elapsed at the time of a tcp read or write
# timeout, Alpine will ask if you want to break the connection.
# Default is 60 seconds, minimum is 5, maximum is 1000.
tcp-query-timeout=

# If this much time has elapsed at the time of a tcp read or write timeout,
# Alpine will close the connection automatically without user intervention.
# Setting this value to zero (the default) disables this. Setting this variable
# to a smaller value than tcp-query-timeout will close the connection
# automatically, and you will never be asked if you want to wait.
close-connection-timeout=

# Sets the format of the command used to open a UNIX remote
# shell connection.  The default is "%s %s -l %s exec /etc/r%sd"
# NOTE: the 4 (four) "%s" entries MUST exist in the provided command
# where the first is for the command's path, the second is for the
# host to connect to, the third is for the user to connect as, and the
# fourth is for the connection method (typically "imap")
rsh-command=

# Sets the name of the command used to open a UNIX remote shell connection.
# The default is typically /usr/ucb/rsh.
rsh-path=

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a UNIX remote
# shell connection.  The default is 15, min is 5, and max is unlimited.
# Zero disables rsh altogether.
rsh-open-timeout=

# Sets the format of the command used to open a UNIX secure
# shell connection.  The default is "%s %s -l %s exec /etc/r%sd"
# NOTE: the 4 (four) "%s" entries MUST exist in the provided command
# where the first is for the command's path, the second is for the
# host to connect to, the third is for the user to connect as, and the
# fourth is for the connection method (typically "imap")
ssh-command=

# Sets the name of the command used to open a UNIX secure shell connection.
# Typically this is /usr/bin/ssh.
ssh-path=

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a UNIX secure
# shell connection.  The default is 15, min is 5, and max is unlimited.
# Zero disables ssh altogether.
ssh-open-timeout=

# Sets the version number Alpine will use as a threshold for offering
# its new version message on startup.
new-version-threshold=

# List of mail drivers to disable.
disable-these-drivers=

# List of SASL authenticators to disable.
disable-these-authenticators=

# A range in the form min,max that sets the minimum amd maximum versions of the
# SSL protocol that Alpine will use when connecting to a secure server.
encryption-protocol-range=

# Set by Alpine; contains data for caching remote address books.
remote-abook-metafile=

# How many extra copies of remote address book should be kept. Default: 3
remote-abook-history=

# Minimum number of minutes between checks for remote address book changes.
# 0 means never check except when opening a remote address book.
# -1 means never check. Default: 5
remote-abook-validity=

# Your default printer selection
printer=

# List of special print commands
personal-print-command=

# Which category default print command is in
personal-print-category=

# Your client-id and client-secret information to authenticate using XOAUTH2
xoauth2-info=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-roles=LIT:pattern="/NICK=Wire2waves/FLDTYPE=SPEC/FOLDER={imap.123-reg.co.uk:993\/ssl\/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk}Personal,W2W" action="/ROLE=1/FROM=John Pumford-Green <john@wire2waves.co.uk>/SMTP=smtp.123-reg.co.uk\/ssl\/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk/RTYPE=NC/FTYPE=NC/CTYPE=NC"

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-filters2=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-scores2=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-indexcolors=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-other=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-search=

# Controls display of color
color-style=use-termdef

# Controls display of color for current index line
current-indexline-style=flip-colors

# Controls display of color for the titlebar at top of screen
titlebar-color-style=default

# Choose: black, blue, green, cyan, red, magenta, yellow, or white.
normal-foreground-color=255,255,255
normal-background-color=000,000,000
reverse-foreground-color=
reverse-background-color=
title-foreground-color=000,255,255
title-background-color=000,000,174
title-closed-foreground-color=
title-closed-background-color=
folder-foreground-color=
folder-background-color=
directory-foreground-color=
directory-background-color=
folder-list-text-foreground-color=
folder-list-text-background-color=
status-foreground-color=
status-background-color=
keylabel-foreground-color=000,255,255
keylabel-background-color=000,000,174
keyname-foreground-color=255,255,000
keyname-background-color=000,000,174
selectable-item-foreground-color=
selectable-item-background-color=
meta-message-foreground-color=
meta-message-background-color=
quote1-foreground-color=
quote1-background-color=
quote2-foreground-color=
quote2-background-color=
quote3-foreground-color=
quote3-background-color=
incoming-unseen-foreground-color=
incoming-unseen-background-color=
signature-foreground-color=
signature-background-color=
prompt-foreground-color=
prompt-background-color=
header-general-foreground-color=
header-general-background-color=
index-to-me-foreground-color=
index-to-me-background-color=
index-important-foreground-color=
index-important-background-color=
index-deleted-foreground-color=
index-deleted-background-color=
index-answered-foreground-color=255,255,255
index-answered-background-color=000,000,174
index-new-foreground-color=
index-new-background-color=
index-recent-foreground-color=
index-recent-background-color=
index-forward-foreground-color=
index-forward-background-color=
index-unseen-foreground-color=
index-unseen-background-color=
index-highpriority-foreground-color=
index-highpriority-background-color=
index-lowpriority-foreground-color=
index-lowpriority-background-color=
index-arrow-foreground-color=
index-arrow-background-color=
index-subject-foreground-color=
index-subject-background-color=
index-from-foreground-color=
index-from-background-color=
index-opening-foreground-color=
index-opening-background-color=

# Colors in which tokens will be displayed in the index screen
index-token-colors=

# When viewing messages, these are the header colors
viewer-hdr-colors=

# Colors used to display keywords in the index
keyword-colors=

# Public certificates are kept in files in this directory. The files should
# contain certificates in PEM format. The name of each file should look
# like <emailaddress>.crt. The default directory is .alpine-smime/public.
smime-public-cert-directory=

# If this option is set then public certificates are kept in a single container
# "file" similar to a remote configuration file instead of in the
# smime-publiccert-directory. The value can be a remote or local folder
# specification like for a non-standard pinerc value. The default
# is that it is not set.
smime-public-cert-container=

# Private keys are kept in files in this directory. The files are in PEM format.
# The name of a file should look like <emailaddress>.key.
# The default directory is .alpine-smime/private.
smime-private-key-directory=

# If this option is set then private keys are kept in a single container
# "file" similar to a remote configuration file instead of in the
# private-key-directory. The value can be a remote or local folder
# specification like for a non-standard pinerc value. The default
# is that it is not set.
smime-private-key-container=

# Certificate Authority certificates (in addition to the normal CACerts for the
# system) are kept in files in this directory. The files are in PEM format.
# Filenames should end with .crt. The default directory is .alpine-smime/ca.
smime-cacert-directory=

# If this option is set then CAcerts are kept in a single container
# "file" similar to a remote configuration file instead of in the
# ca-cert-directory. The value can be a remote or local folder
# specification like for a non-standard pinerc value. The default
# is that it is not set.
smime-cacert-container=

# LDAP servers for looking up addresses.
ldap-servers=

# RSS News feed
rss-news=

# RSS Weather feed
rss-weather=

# Web Alpine index table row height
wp-indexheight=

# Web Alpine number of index lines in table
wp-indexlines=

# Web Alpine aggregate operations tab state
wp-aggstate=

# Web Alpine various aspects of cross-session state
wp-state=

# Web Alpine preferred width for message display in characters
wp-columns=

telnet

I've put telnetd on the shack box and telnet clients on anything that didn't already have it.

SSH is great, but sometimes it's nice to go back to simpler times…..

ftp

And the same for ftp….

Section Two

— John Pumford-Green 30/09/22 18:26

Further Information

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:47:10 +0000

←AllStar Linking

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

New explorations into Allstar and Bridging

This was an initial experiment, I've used what I learned to set up a bigger system (still under development) and described here : Explorations

Hardware

Platform	Rapsberry Pi
Interface	CM108 Soundcard - modified
Radio	FT-1500M
Frequency	144.9125MHz
Allstar Node	48148
Dashboards	http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110/

DVSwitch Bridging

To investigate the bridging of Allstar analogue nodes and DMR I installed DVSwitch on the Allstar node.

Instructions here: ASL to DMR Bridge

The first part is easy, modifying a working Allstar node to add the private node and the USRP channel driver that will be used for the connection to the bridging.

My configs

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf before bridging added

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;
 
[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.
 
;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
48148 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/48148,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default
 
;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[48148]					; Change this to your assigned node number
 
                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza
 
					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device
 
 
duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.
 
linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
 
linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.
 
erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects
 
;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza
 
scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza
 
telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza
 
context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)
 
hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
 
telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;
 
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iGM4SLV				; Main ID message
 
;idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)
 
unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).
 
; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0
 
;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)
 
lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.
 
lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.
 
;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)
 
;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
 
holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
 
telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.
 
telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)
 
beaconing = 0				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)
 
parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command
 
parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received
 
;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option
 
startup_macro = *80*81*70
 
; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory
 
; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these
 
;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)
 
;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message
 
; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
; *** Status Reporting ***
 
; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates
 
[functions]
 
; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions
 
; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions
 
 
; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link
 
70 = ilink,5		; System status
 
;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)
 
; End Mandatory Command Codes
 
73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
 
80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)
 
91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled
 
98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable
 
901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Macro Commands
5 = macro
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands
 
;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down
 
; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:
 
; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Status Commands
 
; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)
 
;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Link Commands
 
; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section
 
;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.
 
;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)
 
; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable
 
; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable
 
; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable
 
; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state
 
; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable
 
; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable
 
; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)
 
 
; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin
 
; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr
 
; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr
 
; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed
 
; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand
 
; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand
 
; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign
 
; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag
 
; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)
 
; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)
 
; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep
 
; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable
 
; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable
 
; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')
 
; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
 
; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)
 
[functions-remote]
 
0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key
 
 
[telemetry]
 
; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
 
ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated
 
ct12 = |me
ct13 = |mR
 
; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1
 
; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.
 
; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.
 
[morse]
speed = 20				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 600				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 2048			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude
 
;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;
 
[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"
 
; Memories for remote bases
 
[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m
 
; Place command macros here
 
[macro]
 
 
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet
 
 
12 = *1424611# ; disc MilNet
22 = *2424611# ; monitor MilNet
32 = *3424611# ; transceive MilNet
 
;13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
;23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
;33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska
 
;14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
;24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
;34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North
 
;191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
;391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo
 
19 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
39 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest
 
 
 
; Data Acquisition configuration
 
;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2
 
;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file
 
;device = daq-cham-1
 
; Device name
 
;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out
 
;[meter-faces]
 
;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?
 
;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation
 
; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time
 
[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.
 
; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]
 
#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf after bridging added

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;
 
[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.
 
;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
 
 
1999 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/1999,NONE
 
48148 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/48148,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default
 
 
 
[1999]
rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:31001 ; Use the USRP channel driver. Must be enabled in modules.conf
 ; 127.0.0.1 = IP of the target application
 ; 34001 = UDP port the target application is listening on
 ; 32001 = UDP port ASL is listening on
duplex = 0 ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time. Ah, but Allison STILL talks!
hangtime = 0 ; squelch tail hang time 0
althangtime = 0 ; longer squelch tail hang time 0
holdofftelem = 1 ; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
 ; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
telemdefault = 0 ; 0 = telemetry output off. Don't send Allison to DMR !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Trust me.
telemdynamic = 0 ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
linktolink = no ; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
 ; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
nounkeyct = 1 ; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
totime = 180000 ; transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
idrecording = |ie ; id recording or morse string see http://ohnosec.org/drupal/node/87
idtalkover = |ie ; Talkover ID (optional) default is none see http://ohnosec.org/drupal/node/129
 
 
 
;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[48148]					; Change this to your assigned node number
 
                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza
 
					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device
 
 
duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.
 
linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
 
linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.
 
erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects
 
;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza
 
scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza
 
telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza
 
context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)
 
hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
 
telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;
 
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iGM4SLV				; Main ID message
 
;idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)
 
unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).
 
; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0
 
;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)
 
lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.
 
lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.
 
;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)
 
;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
 
holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
 
telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.
 
telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)
 
beaconing = 0				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)
 
parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command
 
parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received
 
;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option
 
startup_macro = *80*81*70
 
; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory
 
; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these
 
;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)
 
;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message
 
; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
; *** Status Reporting ***
 
; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates
 
[functions]
 
; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions
 
; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions
 
 
; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link
 
70 = ilink,5		; System status
 
;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)
 
; End Mandatory Command Codes
 
73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
 
80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)
 
91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled
 
98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable
 
901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Macro Commands
5 = macro
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands
 
;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down
 
; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:
 
; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Status Commands
 
; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)
 
;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Link Commands
 
; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section
 
;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.
 
;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)
 
; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable
 
; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable
 
; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable
 
; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state
 
; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable
 
; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable
 
; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)
 
 
; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin
 
; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr
 
; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr
 
; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed
 
; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand
 
; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand
 
; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign
 
; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag
 
; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)
 
; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)
 
; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep
 
; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable
 
; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable
 
; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')
 
; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
 
; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)
 
[functions-remote]
 
0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key
 
 
[telemetry]
 
; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
 
ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated
 
ct12 = |me
ct13 = |mR
 
; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1
 
; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.
 
; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.
 
[morse]
speed = 20				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 600				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 2048			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude
 
;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;
 
[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"
 
; Memories for remote bases
 
[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m
 
; Place command macros here
 
[macro]
 
 
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet
 
 
12 = *1424611# ; disc MilNet
22 = *2424611# ; monitor MilNet
32 = *3424611# ; transceive MilNet
 
;13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
;23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
;33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska
 
;14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
;24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
;34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North
 
;191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
;391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo
 
19 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
39 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest
 
 
 
; Data Acquisition configuration
 
;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2
 
;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file
 
;device = daq-cham-1
 
; Device name
 
;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out
 
;[meter-faces]
 
;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?
 
;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation
 
; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time
 
[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.
 
; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]
 
#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/modules.conf after bridging added

;
; Asterisk configuration file
;
; Module Loader configuration file
;
; By default DIAL does NOT load every module, only what is needed
 
; You can enable or disable any of the asterisk modules
; All modules are compiled and installed.
 
; To enable a module: load => module_name.so
; To disable a module: noload => module_name.so
 
; You will want to enable the channel driver modules you will be using.
; There are below in the Channle Driver section
; The most common Channel drivers for app_rpt are:
; chan_echolink.so   echolink channel driver
; chan_simpleusb.so  Simple USB Radio Interface Channel Drive
; chan_usbradio.so   USB Console Channel Driver
; chan_usrp.so       USRP Channel Module
; chan_voter.so      radio Voter channel driver
 
[modules]
 
autoload=no
 
; Applications
 
noload => app_adsiprog.so ;			Asterisk ADSI Programming Application
noload => app_alarmreceiver.so ;		Alarm Receiver for Asterisk
noload => app_amd.so ;				Answering Machine Detection Application
load => app_authenticate.so ;            	Authentication Application
noload => app_cdr.so ;				Tell Asterisk to not maintain a CDR for
noload => app_chanisavail.so ;			Check channel availability
noload => app_channelredirect.so ;		Channel Redirect
noload => app_chanspy.so ;			Listen to the audio of an active channel
noload => app_controlplayback.so ;		Control Playback Application
noload => app_dahdibarge.so ;			Barge in on channel application
noload => app_dahdiras.so ;			DAHDI RAS Application
noload => app_dahdiscan.so ;			Scan Zap channels application
noload => app_db.so ;				Database Access Functions
load => app_dial.so ;				Dialing Application
noload => app_dictate.so ;			Virtual Dictation Machine
noload => app_directed_pickup.so ;		Directed Call Pickup Application
noload => app_directory.so ;			Extension Directory
noload => app_disa.so ;				DISA (Direct Inward System Access) Appli
noload => app_dumpchan.so ;			Dump Info About The Calling Channel
noload => app_echo.so ;				Simple Echo Application
load => app_exec.so ;				Executes dialplan applications
noload => app_externalivr.so ;			External IVR Interface Application
noload => app_festival.so ;			Simple Festival Interface
noload => app_flash.so ;			Flash channel application
noload => app_followme.so ;			Find-Me/Follow-Me Application
noload => app_forkcdr.so ;			Fork The CDR into 2 separate entities
noload => app_getcpeid.so ;			Get ADSI CPE ID
noload => app_gps.so ;				GPS interface module
noload => app_hasnewvoicemail.so ;		Indicator for whether a voice mailbox ha
noload => app_ices.so ;				Encode and Stream via icecast and ices
noload => app_image.so ;			Image Transmission Application
noload => app_lookupblacklist.so ;		Look up Caller*ID name/number from black
noload => app_lookupcidname.so ;		Look up CallerID Name from local databas
load => app_macro.so ;				Extension Macros
noload => app_meetme.so ;			MeetMe conference bridge
noload => app_milliwatt.so ;			Digital Milliwatt (mu-law) Test Applicat
noload => app_mixmonitor.so ;			Mixed Audio Monitoring Application
noload => app_morsecode.so ;			Morse code
noload => app_mp3.so ;				Silly MP3 Application
noload => app_nbscat.so ;			Silly NBS Stream Application
noload => app_page.so ;				Page Multiple Phones
noload => app_parkandannounce.so ;		Call Parking and Announce Application
load => app_playback.so ;			Sound File Playback Application
noload => app_privacy.so ;			Require phone number to be entered, if n
noload => app_queue.so ;			True Call Queueing
noload => app_radbridge.so ;			Radio Bridging interface module
noload => app_random.so ;			Random goto
noload => app_readfile.so ;			Stores output of file into a variable
noload => app_read.so ;				Read Variable Application
noload => app_realtime.so ;			Realtime Data Lookup/Rewrite
noload => app_record.so ;			Trivial Record Application
load => app_rpt.so ;				Radio Repeater/Remote Base Application
noload => app_sayunixtime.so ;			Say time
noload => app_senddtmf.so ;			Send DTMF digits Application
load => app_sendtext.so ;			Send Text Applications
noload => app_setcallerid.so ;			Set CallerID Application
noload => app_setcdruserfield.so ;		CDR user field apps
noload => app_settransfercapability.so ;	Set ISDN Transfer Capability
noload => app_sms.so ;				SMS/PSTN handler
noload => app_softhangup.so ;			Hangs up the requested channel
noload => app_speech_utils.so ;			Dialplan Speech Applications
noload => app_stack.so ;			Stack Routines
load => app_system.so ;				Generic System() application
noload => app_talkdetect.so ;			Playback with Talk Detection
noload => app_test.so ;				Interface Test Application
load => app_transfer.so ;			Transfer
noload => app_url.so ;				Send URL Applications
noload => app_userevent.so ;			Custom User Event Application
noload => app_verbose.so ;			Send verbose output
noload => app_voicemail.so ;			Comedian Mail (Voicemail System)
noload => app_waitforring.so ;			Waits until first ring after time
noload => app_waitforsilence.so ;		Wait For Silence
noload => app_while.so ;			While Loops and Conditional Execution
noload => app_zapateller.so ;			Block Telemarketers with Special Informa
 
; CDR
 
noload => cdr_csv.so ;				Comma Separated Values CDR Backend
noload => cdr_custom.so ;			Customizable Comma Separated Values CDR
noload => cdr_manager.so ;			Asterisk Manager Interface CDR Backend
 
; Channels
 
noload => chan_agent.so ;			Agent Proxy Channel
noload => chan_alsa.so ;			ALSA Console Channel Driver
noload => chan_beagle.so ;			Beagleboard Radio Interface Channel Driver
load => chan_dahdi.so ;				DAHDI Telephony
load => chan_echolink.so ;			echolink Channel Driver
noload => chan_features.so ;			Feature Proxy Channel
noload => chan_gtalk.so ;			Gtalk Channel Driver
load => chan_iax2.so ;				Inter Asterisk eXchange (Ver 2)
load => chan_local.so ;				Local Proxy Channel (Note: used internal
noload => chan_oss.so ;				Channel driver for OSS sound cards
noload => chan_phone.so ;			Generic Linux Telephony Interface driver
noload => chan_pi.so ;				DMK Engineering "PITA" Board on Rpi2/3 Channel Driver
load => chan_simpleusb.so ;			CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)
noload => chan_sip.so ;				Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
noload => chan_tlb.so ;				TheLinkBox Channel Driver
noload => chan_usbradio.so ;			CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (DSP)
load => chan_usrp.so ;			GNU Radio interface USRP Channel Driver
noload => chan_voter.so ;			Radio Voter Channel Driver
 
; Codecs
 
; CODEC          AUDIO QUALITY   BANDWIDTH (including IP and Ethernet headers)
; ULAW           best            87 kilobits per second (kbps)
; ADPCM          good            55 kbps
; GSM            mediocre        36 kbps
; g726aal2
; ilbc
 
load => codec_adpcm.so ;			Adaptive Differential PCM Coder/Decoder
load => codec_alaw.so ;				A-law Coder/Decoder
load => codec_a_mu.so ;				A-law and Mulaw direct Coder/Decoder
noload => codec_dahdi.so ;			Generic DAHDI Transcoder Codec Translato
load => codec_g726.so ;				ITU G.726-32kbps G726 Transcoder
load => codec_gsm.so ;				GSM Coder/Decoder
load => codec_ulaw.so ;				mu-Law Coder/Decoder
noload => codec_ilbc.so ;			http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec
 
; Formats
 
load => format_g723.so ;			G.723.1 Simple Timestamp File Format
load => format_g726.so ;			Raw G.726 (16/24/32/40kbps) data
load => format_g729.so ;			Raw G729 data
load => format_gsm.so ;				Raw GSM data
load => format_h263.so ;			Raw H.263 data
load => format_h264.so ;			Raw H.264 data
load => format_ilbc.so ;			Raw iLBC data
noload => format_jpeg.so ;			JPEG (Joint Picture Experts Group) Image
load => format_pcm.so ;				Raw/Sun uLaw/ALaw 8KHz (PCM,PCMA,AU), G.
load => format_sln.so ;				Raw Signed Linear Audio support (SLN)
load => format_vox.so ;				Dialogic VOX (ADPCM) File Format
load => format_wav_gsm.so ;			Microsoft WAV format (Proprietary GSM)
load => format_wav.so ;				Microsoft WAV format (8000Hz Signed Line
 
; Functions
 
load => func_base64.so ;			base64 encode/decode dialplan functions
load => func_callerid.so ;			Caller ID related dialplan function
load => func_cdr.so ;				CDR dialplan function
load => func_channel.so ;			Channel information dialplan function
load => func_curl.so ;				Load external URL
load => func_cut.so ;				Cut out information from a string
load => func_db.so ;				Database (astdb) related dialplan functi
load => func_enum.so ;				ENUM related dialplan functions
load => func_env.so ;				Environment/filesystem dialplan function
load => func_global.so ;			Global variable dialplan functions
load => func_groupcount.so ;			Channel group dialplan functions
load => func_language.so ;			Channel language dialplan function
load => func_logic.so ;				Logical dialplan functions
load => func_math.so ;				Mathematical dialplan function
load => func_md5.so ;				MD5 digest dialplan functions
load => func_moh.so ;				Music-on-hold dialplan function
load => func_rand.so ;				Random number dialplan function
load => func_realtime.so ;			Read/Write values from a RealTime reposi
noload => func_sha1.so ;			SHA-1 computation dialplan function
noload => func_strings.so ;			String handling dialplan functions
noload => func_timeout.so ;			Channel timeout dialplan functions
noload => func_uri.so ;				URI encode/decode dialplan functions
 
; PBX
 
noload => pbx_ael.so ;				Asterisk Extension Language Compiler
load => pbx_config.so ;				Text Extension Configuration
noload => pbx_dundi.so ;			Distributed Universal Number Discovery (
noload => pbx_loopback.so ;			Loopback Switch
noload => pbx_realtime.so ;			Realtime Switch
noload => pbx_spool.so ;			Outgoing Spool Support
 
; Resources
 
load => res_adsi.so ;				ADSI Resource
noload => res_agi.so ;				Asterisk Gateway Interface (AGI)
noload => res_clioriginate.so ;			Call origination from the CLI
noload => res_convert.so ;			File format conversion CLI command
load => res_crypto.so ;				Cryptographic Digital Signatures
load => res_features.so ;			Call Features Resource
load => res_indications.so ;			Indications Resource
noload => res_jabber.so ;			AJI - Asterisk Jabber Interface
noload => res_monitor.so ;			Call Monitoring Resource
noload => res_musiconhold.so ;			Music On Hold Resource
load => res_smdi.so ;				Simplified Message Desk Interface (SMDI)
noload => res_snmp.so ;				SNMP [Sub]Agent for Asterisk
noload => res_speech.so ;			Generic Speech Recognition API
 
[global]

/etc/asterisk/extensions.conf after bridging added

[general]
 
static = yes       ; These two lines prevent the command-line interface
writeprotect = yes ; from overwriting the config file. Leave them here.
 
[globals]
HOMENPA = 999 ; change this to your Area Code
NODE = 48148   ; change this to your node number
NODE1 = 1999
 
[default]
 
exten => i,1,Hangup
 
[radio-secure]
exten => ${NODE},1,rpt,${NODE}
exten => ${NODE1},1,rpt,${NODE1}
 
[iaxrpt]                                ; entered from iaxrpt in iax.conf
exten => ${NODE},1,rpt(${NODE}|X)       ; NODE is the Name field in iaxrpt
                                        ; Info: The X option passed to the Rpt application
                                        ; disables the normal security checks.
                                        ; Because incoming connections are validated in iax.conf,
                                        ; and we don't know where the user will be coming from in advance,
                                        ; the X option is required.
 
[iax-client]				; for IAX VIOP clients.				
exten => ${NODE},1,Ringing
exten => ${NODE},n,Wait(3)
exten => ${NODE},n,Answer
exten => ${NODE},n,Set(NODENUM=${CALLERID(number)})
exten => ${NODE},n,Playback(rpt/node|noanswer)
exten => ${NODE},n,SayDigits(${EXTEN})
exten => ${NODE},n,Set(CALLERID(num)=0)
exten => ${NODE},n,Rpt,${NODE}|P|${CALLERID(name)}
exten => ${NODE},n,Hangup
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Answer
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Wait(1)
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Hangup
 
; Comment-out the following clause if you want Allstar Autopatch service
[pstn-out]
exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,1,playback(ss-noservice)
exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,2,Congestion
 
; Un-comment out the following clause if you want Allstar Autopatch service
;[pstn-out]
;exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,1,Dial(IAX2/allstar-autopatch/\${EXTEN})
;exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,2,Busy
 
[invalidnum]
exten = s,1,Wait,3
exten = s,n,Playback,ss-noservice
exten = s,n,Wait,1
exten =  s,n,Hangup
 
[radio]
exten = _X11,1,Goto(check_route|${EXTEN}|1);
exten = _NXXXXXX,1,Goto(check_route|1${HOMENPA}${EXTEN}|1)
exten = _1XXXXXXXXXX,1,Goto(check_route|${EXTEN}|1)
exten = _07XX,1,Goto(parkedcalls|${EXTEN:1}|1)
exten = 00,1,Goto(my-ip|s|1)
 
[check_route]
exten =_X.,1,Noop(${EXTEN})
; no 800
exten = _1800NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1888NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1877NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1866NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1855NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X00 NPA
exten = _1X00XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X11 NPA
exten = _1X11XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X11 
exten = _X11,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no 555 Prefix in any NPA
exten = _1NXX555XXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no 976 Prefix in any NPA
exten = _1NXX976XXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no NPA=809
exten = _1809XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no NPA=900
exten = _1900XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
 
; okay, route it
exten = _1NXXXXXXXXX,2,Goto(pstn-out|${EXTEN:1}|1)
exten = _X.,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
 
[my-ip]
exten = s,1,Set(MYADDR=${CURL(http://myip.vg)})
exten = s,2,Wait,1
exten = s,3,SayAlpha(${MYADDR})
exten = s,4,Hangup
 
[allstar-sys]
exten => _1.,1,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Rrpt/node:NODE:rpt/in-call:digits/0:PARKED|120)
exten => _1.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _2.,1,Ringing
exten => _2.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _2.,n,Answer
exten => _2.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _2.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _2.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|P|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _2.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _3.,1,Ringing
exten => _3.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _3.,n,Answer
exten => _3.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _3.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _3.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Pv|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _3.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _4.,1,Ringing
exten => _4.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _4.,n,Answer
exten => _4.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _4.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _4.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|D|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _4.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _5.,1,Ringing
exten => _5.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _5.,n,Answer
exten => _5.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _5.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _5.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Dv|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _5.,n,Hangup
 
[allstar-public]
 
exten => s,1,Ringing
exten => s,n,Set(RESP=${CURL(https://register.allstarlink.org/cgi-bin/authwebphone.pl?${CALLERID(name)})})
exten => s,n,Set(NODENUM=${CALLERID(number)})
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:1}" = "?"]?hangit)
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:1}" = ""]?hangit)
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:5}" != "OHYES"]?hangit)
exten => s,n,Set(CALLSIGN=${RESP:5})
exten => s,n,Wait(3)
exten => s,n,Playback(rpt/node|noanswer)
exten => s,n,Saydigits(${NODENUM})
exten => s,n,Set(CALLERID(name)=${CALLSIGN})
exten => s,n,Set(CALLERID(num)=0)
exten => s,n,Rpt(${NODENUM}|X)
exten => s,n,Hangup
exten => s,n(hangit),Answer
exten => s,n(hangit),Wait(1)
exten => s,n(hangit),Hangup
 
#includeifexists custom/extensions.conf

The next bit was more tricky on an old Debian Buster ASL Beta image that hadn't been updated/upgraded in a long time….

Installing DVswitch

Installing DVSwitch was a bit convoluted, as my old version of the ASL Beta 2.0.0 wasn't up to date… and needed some work to add necessary APT gpg keys, and adding the dvswitch repository.

apt-get update –allow-releaseinfo-change to accept the release name change

Adding DVSwitch repository keys

As root :

apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 0E98404D386FA1D9
 
apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 6ED0E7B82643E131
 
curl -s http://apt.allstarlink.org/repos/repo_signing.key | apt-key add - && apt update
 
wget http://dvswitch.org/buster
 
chmod +x buster
 
./buster
 
apt-get update
 
apt-get install dvswitch

Configuring DVSwitch

The changes were made to the existing asterisk configs, as per the pdf document, then DVSwitch was installed, and then the pdf document was followed again to make the necessary configs to:

/opt/Analog_Bridge/Analog_Bridge.ini

and

/opt/MMDVM_Bridge/MMDVM_Bridge.ini

everything seemed to work okay - although there I think one of the UDP ports was initially wrong for the USRP traffic in Analog_Bridge.ini and I had to double check by looking in

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf

[1999]
rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:31001

and setting Analog_Bridge.ini to match:

[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1              
txPort = 31001                        
rxPort = 34001

Testing

I initially set the MMDVM_Bridge to connect to Brandmeister and Analog_Bridge to send traffic to TG2354429 (an ad hoc TG with my DMR ID).

in the asterisk CLI issue the command to link the main node 48148 with the internal private node 1999 to complete the bridge:

rpt cmd 2100 ilink 3 1999

transmit on the VHF FM input to the Gateway and listen on a DMR radio via my DMR hotspot connected to Brandmeister TG2354429 and the DMR radio sprang into life with my DMR ID….

transmit on the DMR radio, via the hotspot to Brandmeister and the VHF FM handheld carried the audio from the DMR radio.

I also tried setting MMDVM_Bridge to connect to DVS-Ph F and used the Options=TS2_1=842 to set TG842 as static. Setting Analog_Bridge to use TG 842 and once more the traffic was bi-directional Allstar ↔ DMR

So Far So Good

To boost the audio via the bridge

Analog_Bridge.ini to change from AUDIO_UNITY to AUDIO_USE_GAIN

[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1                     
txPort = 31001                         
rxPort = 34001                       
usrpAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN            
usrpGain = 3                        
;usrpAGC = -20,10,100                 
tlvAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN                
tlvGain = 0.35

I set the various DVSwitch things to be enabled or disabled:

systemctl enable asterisk
systemctl enable analog_bridge
systemctl disable md380-emu
systemctl enable mmdvm_bridge

Later I found the other bridges available (P25, YSF, NXDN etc) were running, but not configured, so I used systemctl to disable them.

Allmon2 / supermon

I added the new node 1999 to allmon2 and supermon, so I can control/monitor the bridging via the web.

/var/www/html/allmon2/allmon.ini.php

[48148]
host=127.0.0.1:5038
user=admin
passwd=xxxx
nomenu=no
hideNodeURL=no
 
 
[1999]
host=127.0.0.1:5038
user=admin
passwd=XXXX
nomenu=no
hideNodeURL=no
 
[Grouped Nodes]
nodes=48148,1999
 
[lsNodes]
url = "/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=48148"
;url = "/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481480"
menu = yes

/var/www/html/supermon/allmon.ini

[48148]
host = 127.0.0.1:5038
user = admin
passwd = XXXX
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
 
[1999]
host = 127.0.0.1:5038
user = admin
passwd = XXXX
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
 
[All Nodes]
nodes = 48148,1999
menu = yes

— John Pumford-Green 03/06/25 17:55 BST

Further Information

radio, allstar, mmdvm, dvswitch

MB7AZE AllStar Config

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 20:19:57 +0000

←AllStar Linking

MB7AZE AllStar Config

Main Config files

echolink.conf

/etc/asterisk/echolink.conf

[el0]
call = MB7AZE-L                          ; Change this!
pwd = xxxxxxxx                           ; Change this!
name = John                        ; Change this!
qth = allstar 481481                           ; Change this!
email = gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com                         ; Change this!
node = 879598                           ; Change this!
; Data for EchoLink Status Page
lat = 60.2883                               ; Latitude in decimal degrees
lon = -001.42533                               ; Longitude in decimal degrees
freq = 430.050                              ; not mandatory Frequency in MHz
tone = 0.0                              ; not mandatory CTCSS Tone (0 for none)
power = 1                               ; 0=0W, 1=1W, 2=4W, 3=9W, 4=16W, 5=25W, 6=36W, 7=49W, 8=64W, 9=81W (Power in Watts)
height = 0                              ; 0=10 1=20 2=40 3=80 4=160 5=320 6=640 7=1280 8=2560 9=5120 (AMSL in Feet)
gain = 0                                ; Gain in db (0-9)
dir = 0                                 ; 0=omni 1=45deg 2=90deg 3=135deg 4=180deg 5=225deg 6=270deg 7=315deg 8=360deg (Direction)
maxstns = 5                            ; Max Stations

rtcptimeout = 10
recfile = /tmp/echolink_recorded.gsm    ;
astnode = 481481             ; Change this!
context = radio-secure                  ; Default in code is echolink-in

; Max 3 servers
server1 = nasouth.echolink.org
server2 = naeast.echolink.org
server3 = server3.echolink.org

; To deny w6xxx you would add the statement: deny = w6xxx
; To prohibit computer-based connections you would write: permit = *-*
; To allow access to only a select group of callsigns: permit = w6abc,w6def,...
; permit                                ; comma delimited list of callsign, type (-r)
; deny


; Remote text commands thru netcat:
; o.conip <IPaddress>    (request a connect)
; o.dconip <IPaddress>   (request a disconnect)
; o.rec                  (turn on/off recording)

; ipaddr
; port

manager.conf

/etc/asterisk/manager.conf

;
; Asterisk Call Management support
;

; By default asterisk will listen on localhost only. 
[general]
enabled = yes
port = 5038
bindaddr = 127.0.0.1

[gm4slv]
secret = llcgi
read = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config
write = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config

rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;

[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.

;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
481481 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481481,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default

;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[481481]					; Change this to your assigned node number

                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza

					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
 rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device


duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.

linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)

linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.

erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects

;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza

scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza

telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza

context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)

hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)

telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;

;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iDE MB7AZE			; Main ID message

;idtalkover = |iMB7AZE			; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iMB7AZE			; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)

unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).

; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0

;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)

lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.

lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.

;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)

;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.

holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.

telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.

telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)

beaconing = 1				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)

parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command

parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received

;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option

startup_macro = *80*81*70

; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory

; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these

;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)

;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message

; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


; *** Status Reporting ***

; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates

[functions]

; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions

; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions


; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link

70 = ilink,5		; System status

;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)

; End Mandatory Command Codes

73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"

80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)

91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled

98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable

901 = cop,1				; System warm boot

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Macro Commands
5 = macro

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands

;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down

; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:

; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Status Commands

; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)

;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user



;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Link Commands

; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only

; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section

;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.

;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot

; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)

; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable

; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable

; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable

; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state

; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable

; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable

; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)


; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin

; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr

; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr

; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed

; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand

; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand

; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign

; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag

; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)

; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)

; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep

; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable

; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable

; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')

; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)

; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)

[functions-remote]

0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key


[telemetry]

; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148

ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated

ct12 = |mI
ct13 = |mR

; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1

; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.

; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.

[morse]
speed = 18				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 800				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 4096			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude

;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;

[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"

; Memories for remote bases

[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m

; Place command macros here

[macro]
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet

12 = *12197# ; disc Freestar
22 = *22197# ; monitor Freestar
32 = *32197# ; transceive Freestar

13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska

14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North

191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo

192 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
392 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest



; Data Acquisition configuration

;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2

;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file

;device = daq-cham-1

; Device name

;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out

;[meter-faces]

;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?

;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation

; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time

[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.

; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]

#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

simpleusb.conf

/etc/asterisk/simpleusb.conf

; If you are going to use this channel driver, you MUST enable it in modules.conf
; change:
; noload => chan_simpleusb.so ;                   CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)
; to:
; load => chan_simpleusb.so ;                   CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)

; SimpleUSB configuration

[general]

[usb_48148]

eeprom = 0              ; EEPROM installed: 0,1
                        ; 0 = no (default)
                        ; 1 = yes

hdwtype = 0		; Leave this set to 0 for USB sound fobs modified using
			; the instructions from usbfob.pdf. Use a setting of 
			; 1 is for Dingotel/Sph interfaces.

; Receiver parameters

rxboost = 0             ; 0 = 20db attenuator inserted, 1= 20db attenuator removed
                        ; Set to 1 for additonal gain if using a low-level receiver output

carrierfrom = usb ; no,usb,usbinvert
                        ; no - no carrier detection at all
                        ; usb - from the COR line on the USB sound fob (Active high)
                        ; usbinvert - from the inverted COR line on the USB sound fob (Active low)

ctcssfrom = no		; no,usb,usbinvert
                        ; no - CTCSS decoding, system will be carrier squelch
                        ; usb - CTCSS decoding using input from USB sound fob (Active high)
                        ; usbinvert - from the inverted CTCSS line on the USB sound fob (Active low)

deemphasis = yes         ; enable de-emphasis (input from discriminator)

plfilter = no           ; enable PL filter

;rxondelay = 0		; number of 20ms intervals to hold off receiver turn-on indication


; Transmitter parameters

txmixa = voice          ; Left channel output (A): no,voice
                        ; no - Do not output anything
                        ; voice - output voice only

txmixb = no		; Right channel output (B): no,voice
                        ; no - Do not output anything
                        ; voice - output voice only

txboost = 0

invertptt = 0           ; Invert PTT: 0,1
                        ; 0 - ground to transmit
                        ; 1 - open to transmit

preemphasis = yes	; Perform standard 6db/octave pre-emphasis

; pager = no            ; no,a,b (e.g. pager = b means "put the normal repeat audio on channel A, and the pager audio on channel B")

; duplex3 = 0           ; duplex 3 gain setting (0 to disable)

duplex = 0              ; Duplex 0,1
                        ; 0 - half duplex
                        ; 1 - full duplex

#includeifexists custom/simpleusb.conf

simpleusb_tune_usb_48148.conf

/etc/asterisk/simpleusb_tune_usb_48148.conf

[usb_48148]
; name=usb_48148
; devicenum=1
devstr=1-1.2:1.0
rxmixerset=330
txmixaset=70
txmixbset=50

crontab

00 * * * * sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -rx “rpt localplay 481481 /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id ” >/dev/null 2>&1

00 * * * * sleep 4 && sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -rx “rpt fun 481481 *81” >/dev/null 2>&1

Page created Sun May 29 15:48:50 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 21:19 BST

pi, radio, allstar, mb7aze

Svxlink & Echolink

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 21:01:52 +0000

←SVXLink

Svxlink & Echolink

Revisiting the Analogue FM Voice Gateway

Svxlink Gateway Initial Setup

Trying not to re-invent the wheel

find saved Pi Image File for a previous Svxlink system
copy to a new SD Card and boot a spare Raspberry Pi with it
find and connect a modified CM108 sound-dongle - has PTT and SQL via the dongle's own GPIO
connect to 2m FM radio and test initial config
make any necessary config changes - e.g. MB7AZE → GM4SLV
set up audio levels using devcal
change to 9600 packet interface on 2m radio to remove radio pre/de emphasis and apply pre/de emphasis in Svxlink
set up audio levels again using devcal
Check connectivity to Echolink
- remember to Port Forward on ADSL router : UDP 5198 & 5199 → svxlink Pi's IP address
- consider using a private proxy on my VPS instead? Java JRE and Echolink Proxy

Pi Image File handling

R Pi Image files

Devcal

devcal
remember to sudo killall svxlink to ensure no daemon svxlink processes are running in the background
remember to adjust path to valid svxlink.conf file which will be different to this old example
Set for 3kHz deviation
remember to edit the config file(s) to change the RX Pre-amp and TX Master Gain settings to match those find using Deval

sudo devcal -r -m=3000 -d=3000 /etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf Rx1

sudo devcal -t -m=3000 -d=3000 /etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf Tx1

add the PRE_AMP and MASTER_GAIN settings to both svxlink_el.conf and svxlink_noel.conf

Config Files

One for Echolink Enabled
One for Echolink Disabled
Switch Echolink on/off via DTMF commands
- Edit Logic.tcl to give this functionality

/etc/svxlink/svxlink_el.conf

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
#                Configuration file for the SvxLink server                    #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################
 
[GLOBAL]
#MODULE_PATH=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/svxlink
LOGICS=SimplexLogic
CFG_DIR=svxlink.d
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT="%c"
CARD_SAMPLE_RATE=48000
#CARD_CHANNELS=1
#LOCATION_INFO=LocationInfo
#LINKS=LinkToR4
 
[SimplexLogic]
TYPE=Simplex
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleParrot
CALLSIGN=GM4SLV
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=15
SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE=1
SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
CW_AMP=-10
CW_PITCH=800
CW_WPM=20
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
#REPORT_CTCSS=77.0
#TX_CTCSS=ALWAYS
MACROS=Macros
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
ONLINE_CMD=998877
#MUTE_RX_ON_TX=1
#MUTE_TX_ON_RX=1
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/simplex_dtmf_ctrl
TIME_FORMAT=24
RGR_SOUND_ALWAYS=1
 
[RepeaterLogic]
TYPE=Repeater
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleTclVoiceMail
CALLSIGN=MYCALL
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=10
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
REPORT_CTCSS=136.5
#TX_CTCSS=SQL_OPEN
MACROS=Macros
#SEL5_MACRO_RANGE=03400,03499
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
#NO_REPEAT=1
IDLE_TIMEOUT=30
OPEN_ON_1750=1000
#OPEN_ON_CTCSS=136:2000
#OPEN_ON_DTMF=*
#OPEN_ON_SQL=5000
#OPEN_ON_SEL5=01234
#OPEN_SQL_FLANK=OPEN
#OPEN_ON_SQL_AFTER_RPT_CLOSE=10
IDLE_SOUND_INTERVAL=3000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MIN_TIME=1000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MAX_COUNT=10
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#IDENT_NAG_TIMEOUT=15
#IDENT_NAG_MIN_TIME=2000
#ONLINE_CMD=998877
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/repeater_dtmf_ctrl
 
[ReflectorLogic]
TYPE=Reflector
HOST=reflector.example.com
#PORT=5300
CALLSIGN="MYCALL"
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
#JITTER_BUFFER_DELAY=0
 
[LinkToR4]
CONNECT_LOGICS=RepeaterLogic:94:SK3AB,SimplexLogic:92:SK3CD
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
TIMEOUT=300
#AUTOACTIVATE_ON_SQL=RepeaterLogic
 
 
[QsoRecorder]
REC_DIR=/var/spool/svxlink/qso_recorder
#MIN_TIME=1000
MAX_TIME=3600
SOFT_TIME=300
MAX_DIRSIZE=1024
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#QSO_TIMEOUT=300
#ENCODER_CMD=/usr/bin/oggenc -Q \"%f\" && rm \"%f\"
 
[Voter]
TYPE=Voter
RECEIVERS=Rx1,Rx2,Rx3
VOTING_DELAY=200
BUFFER_LENGTH=0
#REVOTE_INTERVAL=1000
#HYSTERESIS=50
#SQL_CLOSE_REVOTE_DELAY=500
#RX_SWITCH_DELAY=500
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/voter_ctrl
 
[MultiTx]
TYPE=Multi
TRANSMITTERS=Tx1,Tx2,Tx3
 
[NetRx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.rx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[NetTx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.tx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[Rx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
SQL_DET=HIDRAW
SQL_START_DELAY=0
SQL_DELAY=0
SQL_HANGTIME=200
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME=1000
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME_THRESH=15
#SQL_TIMEOUT=600
VOX_FILTER_DEPTH=20
VOX_THRESH=1000
#CTCSS_MODE=2
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
#CTCSS_SNR_OFFSET=0
#CTCSS_OPEN_THRESH=15
#CTCSS_CLOSE_THRESH=9
#CTCSS_BPF_LOW=60
#CTCSS_BPF_HIGH=270
#SERIAL_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0
#SERIAL_PIN=CTS
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=
#EVDEV_DEVNAME=/dev/input/by-id/usb-SYNIC_SYNIC_Wireless_Audio-event-if03
#EVDEV_OPEN=1,163,1
#EVDEV_CLOSE=1,163,0
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#GPIO_SQL_PIN=gpio25
#PTY_PATH=/tmp/rx1_sql
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_SQL_PIN=!VOL_DN
#SIGLEV_DET=TONE
SIGLEV_SLOPE=1
SIGLEV_OFFSET=0
#SIGLEV_BOGUS_THRESH=120
#TONE_SIGLEV_MAP=100,84,60,50,37,32,28,23,19,8
SIGLEV_OPEN_THRESH=30
SIGLEV_CLOSE_THRESH=10
DEEMPHASIS=1
#SQL_TAIL_ELIM=300
PREAMP=-1.5
#PEAK_METER=1
DTMF_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
DTMF_MUTING=1
DTMF_HANGTIME=40
DTMF_SERIAL=/dev/ttyS0
#DTMF_PTY=/tmp/rx1_dtmf
#DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST=8
#DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST=4
#1750_MUTING=1
#SEL5_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
#SEL5_TYPE=ZVEI1
#FQ=433475000
#MODULATION=FM
#WBRX=WbRx1
 
[WbRx1]
#TYPE=RtlUsb
#DEV_MATCH=0
#HOST=localhost
#PORT=1234
#CENTER_FQ=435075000
#FQ_CORR=0
#GAIN=0
#PEAK_METER=1
#SAMPLE_RATE=960000
 
[Tx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
PTT_TYPE=Hidraw
#PTT_PORT=/dev/ttyS0
#PTT_PIN=HIDRAW
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_PTT_PIN=GPIO3
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=DTR!RTS
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#PTT_HANGTIME=1000
TIMEOUT=300
TX_DELAY=500
#CTCSS_FQ=136.5
#CTCSS_LEVEL=9
PREEMPHASIS=1
DTMF_TONE_LENGTH=100
DTMF_TONE_SPACING=50
DTMF_DIGIT_PWR=-15
MASTER_GAIN=-1.25
 
[LocationInfo]
#APRS_SERVER_LIST=euro.aprs2.net:14580
STATUS_SERVER_LIST=aprs.echolink.org:5199
LON_POSITION=1.25.30W
LAT_POSITION=60.17.18N
CALLSIGN=EL-GM4SLV
FREQUENCY=144.912
TX_POWER=5
ANTENNA_GAIN=0
ANTENNA_HEIGHT=2m
ANTENNA_DIR=-1
#PATH=WIDE1-1
BEACON_INTERVAL=10
STATISTICS_INTERVAL=10
TONE=0
COMMENT=SvxLink
 
[Macros]
1=EchoLink:9999#
2=EchoLink:973498#
3=EchoLink:662666#

/etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
#                Configuration file for the SvxLink server                    #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################
 
[GLOBAL]
#MODULE_PATH=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/svxlink
LOGICS=SimplexLogic
CFG_DIR=svxlink.d
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT="%c"
CARD_SAMPLE_RATE=48000
#CARD_CHANNELS=1
#LOCATION_INFO=LocationInfo
#LINKS=LinkToR4
 
[SimplexLogic]
TYPE=Simplex
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot
CALLSIGN=GM4SLV
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=15
SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE=1
SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
CW_AMP=-10
CW_PITCH=800
CW_WPM=20
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_GB
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
#REPORT_CTCSS=77.0
#TX_CTCSS=ALWAYS
MACROS=Macros
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
ONLINE_CMD=998877
#MUTE_RX_ON_TX=1
#MUTE_TX_ON_RX=1
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/simplex_dtmf_ctrl
TIME_FORMAT=24
RGR_SOUND_ALWAYS=1
 
[RepeaterLogic]
TYPE=Repeater
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleTclVoiceMail
CALLSIGN=MYCALL
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=10
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
REPORT_CTCSS=136.5
#TX_CTCSS=SQL_OPEN
MACROS=Macros
#SEL5_MACRO_RANGE=03400,03499
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
#NO_REPEAT=1
IDLE_TIMEOUT=30
OPEN_ON_1750=1000
#OPEN_ON_CTCSS=136:2000
#OPEN_ON_DTMF=*
#OPEN_ON_SQL=5000
#OPEN_ON_SEL5=01234
#OPEN_SQL_FLANK=OPEN
#OPEN_ON_SQL_AFTER_RPT_CLOSE=10
IDLE_SOUND_INTERVAL=3000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MIN_TIME=1000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MAX_COUNT=10
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#IDENT_NAG_TIMEOUT=15
#IDENT_NAG_MIN_TIME=2000
#ONLINE_CMD=998877
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/repeater_dtmf_ctrl
 
[ReflectorLogic]
TYPE=Reflector
HOST=reflector.example.com
#PORT=5300
CALLSIGN="MYCALL"
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
#JITTER_BUFFER_DELAY=0
 
[LinkToR4]
CONNECT_LOGICS=RepeaterLogic:94:SK3AB,SimplexLogic:92:SK3CD
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
TIMEOUT=300
#AUTOACTIVATE_ON_SQL=RepeaterLogic
 
 
[QsoRecorder]
REC_DIR=/var/spool/svxlink/qso_recorder
#MIN_TIME=1000
MAX_TIME=3600
SOFT_TIME=300
MAX_DIRSIZE=1024
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#QSO_TIMEOUT=300
#ENCODER_CMD=/usr/bin/oggenc -Q \"%f\" && rm \"%f\"
 
[Voter]
TYPE=Voter
RECEIVERS=Rx1,Rx2,Rx3
VOTING_DELAY=200
BUFFER_LENGTH=0
#REVOTE_INTERVAL=1000
#HYSTERESIS=50
#SQL_CLOSE_REVOTE_DELAY=500
#RX_SWITCH_DELAY=500
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/voter_ctrl
 
[MultiTx]
TYPE=Multi
TRANSMITTERS=Tx1,Tx2,Tx3
 
[NetRx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.rx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[NetTx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.tx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[Rx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
SQL_DET=HIDRAW
SQL_START_DELAY=0
SQL_DELAY=0
SQL_HANGTIME=200
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME=1000
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME_THRESH=15
#SQL_TIMEOUT=600
VOX_FILTER_DEPTH=20
VOX_THRESH=1000
#CTCSS_MODE=2
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
#CTCSS_SNR_OFFSET=0
#CTCSS_OPEN_THRESH=15
#CTCSS_CLOSE_THRESH=9
#CTCSS_BPF_LOW=60
#CTCSS_BPF_HIGH=270
#SERIAL_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0
#SERIAL_PIN=CTS
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=
#EVDEV_DEVNAME=/dev/input/by-id/usb-SYNIC_SYNIC_Wireless_Audio-event-if03
#EVDEV_OPEN=1,163,1
#EVDEV_CLOSE=1,163,0
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#GPIO_SQL_PIN=gpio25
#PTY_PATH=/tmp/rx1_sql
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_SQL_PIN=!VOL_DN
#SIGLEV_DET=TONE
SIGLEV_SLOPE=1
SIGLEV_OFFSET=0
#SIGLEV_BOGUS_THRESH=120
#TONE_SIGLEV_MAP=100,84,60,50,37,32,28,23,19,8
SIGLEV_OPEN_THRESH=30
SIGLEV_CLOSE_THRESH=10
DEEMPHASIS=1
#SQL_TAIL_ELIM=300
PREAMP=-1.5
#PEAK_METER=1
DTMF_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
DTMF_MUTING=1
DTMF_HANGTIME=40
DTMF_SERIAL=/dev/ttyS0
#DTMF_PTY=/tmp/rx1_dtmf
#DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST=8
#DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST=4
#1750_MUTING=1
#SEL5_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
#SEL5_TYPE=ZVEI1
#FQ=433475000
#MODULATION=FM
#WBRX=WbRx1
 
[WbRx1]
#TYPE=RtlUsb
#DEV_MATCH=0
#HOST=localhost
#PORT=1234
#CENTER_FQ=435075000
#FQ_CORR=0
#GAIN=0
#PEAK_METER=1
#SAMPLE_RATE=960000
 
[Tx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
PTT_TYPE=Hidraw
#PTT_PORT=/dev/ttyS0
#PTT_PIN=HIDRAW
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_PTT_PIN=GPIO3
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=DTR!RTS
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#PTT_HANGTIME=1000
TIMEOUT=300
TX_DELAY=500
#CTCSS_FQ=136.5
#CTCSS_LEVEL=9
PREEMPHASIS=1
DTMF_TONE_LENGTH=100
DTMF_TONE_SPACING=50
DTMF_DIGIT_PWR=-15
MASTER_GAIN=-1.25
 
[LocationInfo]
APRS_SERVER_LIST=euro.aprs2.net:14580
STATUS_SERVER_LIST=aprs.echolink.org:5199
LON_POSITION=1.25.30W
LAT_POSITION=60.17.18N
CALLSIGN=EL-GM4SLV
FREQUENCY=144.9125
TX_POWER=1
ANTENNA_GAIN=0
ANTENNA_HEIGHT=1m
ANTENNA_DIR=-1
#PATH=WIDE1-1
#BEACON_INTERVAL=60
TONE=77
COMMENT=SvxLink by SM0SVX (www.svxlink.org)
 
[Macros]
1=EchoLink:9999#
2=EchoLink:973498#
3=EchoLink:662666#

/etc/svxlink/svxlink.d/ModuleEchoLink.conf

[ModuleEchoLink]
NAME=EchoLink
ID=2
TIMEOUT=60
#ALLOW_IP=192.168.1.0/24
#DROP_INCOMING=^()$
#REJECT_INCOMING=^()$
#ACCEPT_INCOMING=^(.*)$
#REJECT_OUTGOING=^()$
#ACCEPT_OUTGOING=^(.*)$
#REJECT_CONF=0
#CHECK_NR_CONNECTS=2,300,120
SERVERS=servers.echolink.org
CALLSIGN=GM4SLV-L
PASSWORD=XXXXXXXXX
SYSOPNAME=John
LOCATION=[Svx] Shetland
PROXY_SERVER=my.vps.host.name
PROXY_PORT=8100
PROXY_PASSWORD=my_proxy_password
#BIND_ADDR=10.20.30.40
MAX_QSOS=5
MAX_CONNECTIONS=6
LINK_IDLE_TIMEOUT=900
#AUTOCON_ECHOLINK_ID=9999
#AUTOCON_TIME=1200
#USE_GSM_ONLY=1
#DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/echolink_ctrl
DESCRIPTION="You have connected to a SvxLink node,\n"

/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.d/local

Edit the section proc dtmf_cmd_received {cmd} to add the stanzas that run external bash scripts to stop and restart svxlink with different config files

#
# Executed when a DTMF command has been received
#   cmd - The command
#
# Return 1 to hide the command from further processing is SvxLink or
# return 0 to make SvxLink continue processing as normal.
#
# This function can be used to implement your own custom commands or to disable
# DTMF commands that you do not want users to execute.
proc dtmf_cmd_received {cmd} {
  #global active_module

  # Example: Ignore all commands starting with 3 in the EchoLink module.
  #          Allow commands that have four or more digits.
  #if {$active_module == "EchoLink"} {
  #  if {[string length $cmd] < 4 && [string index $cmd 0] == "3"} {
  #    puts "Ignoring random connect command for module EchoLink: $cmd"
  #    return 1
  #  }
  #}

  # Handle the "force core command" mode where a command is forced to be
  # executed by the core command processor instead of by an active module.
  # The "force core command" mode is entered by prefixing a command by a star.
  #if {$active_module != "" && [string index $cmd 0] != "*"} {
  #  return 0
  #}
  #if {[string index $cmd 0] == "*"} {
  #  set cmd [string range $cmd 1 end]
  #}

  # Example: Custom command executed when DTMF 99 is received
  if {$cmd == "99"} {
    puts "Executing external command"
    playMsg "Core" "online"
    exec /home/gm4slv/svx_noel.sh &
    return 1
  }
  # Example: Custom command executed when DTMF 99 is received
  if {$cmd == "98"} {
    puts "Executing external command"
    playMsg "Core" "online"
    exec /home/gm4slv/svx_el.sh &
    return 1
  }
 
  return 0
}

start with echolink : svx_el.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
CFG=/etc/svxlink/svxlink_el.conf
LOG=/home/gm4slv/svxlink.log
 
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
 
sudo svxlink --daemon --logfile=$LOG --config=$CFG
exit 0

start without echolink : svx_noel.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
CFG=/etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf
LOG=/home/gm4slv/svxlink.log
 
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
 
sudo svxlink --daemon --logfile=$LOG --config=$CFG
exit 0

crontab entry to start with echolink enabled at boot time

@reboot sleep 30 && sudo -u gm4slv /home/gm4slv/svx_el.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

Catch up with git version

The version of svxlink running on this Pi was self-compiled from the GIT repository
- Update to latest version from GIT
I decided to pull & compile the latest version so I simply followed the instructions I'd put on the above wiki page and all went smoothly (if slowly)

DTMF Commands

Old info SVXLink : DTMF commands
Ignore Reflector commands - I am not (yet) connected to the SVX Reflector http://svxportal-uk.ddns.net:81/index.php

`*#`	System Status
`0#`	Help Module
`1#`	Parrot Module
`2#`	Echolink Module

`#`	De-activate module

Echolink Module

`<node number>#`	Connect to `<node number>`
`0#`	Play the help message
`1#`	List all connected stations
`2#`	Play local EchoLink node id
`31#`	Connect to a random link or repeater
`32#`	Connect to a random conference
`4#`	Reconnect to the last disconnected station
`50#`	Deactivate listen only mode
`51#`	Activate listen only mode
`6*#`	Use the connect by callsign feature
`#`	If connected = Disconnect, otherwise = Deactivate Echolink module

https://github.com/sm0svx/svxlink/wiki/ModuleEchoLink

Macros

`D1#`	Echolink	9999	Echotest
`D2#`	Echolink	973498	M0HOY-L	Hubnet
`D3#`	Echolink	662666	M0JKT-L	FreeStar

Sound files

use en_US when echolink is enabled
- this is also needed for reflector when it's re-enabled, as the US files also have the additional reflector sound samples
use en_GB when echolink is disable
easy to tell from status *# which is active!

Proxy

after consideration….
I decided to use my VPS-hosted echolink proxy
- remove port forwards on home router for UDP/5198 & UDP/5199
- open port TPC/8100 for only my home IP address on VPS
  - this means only one IP address can reach the Proxy on port TCP/8100
- open ports UDP/5198 & UDP/5199 for anywhere on VPS
- edit echolink proxy config on VPS to allow only GM4SLV-L to connect
  - this means only one callsign can connect to the proxy
- start proxy in a tmux session, using bash script on VPS
- edit ModuleEchoLink.conf on svxlink pi to use the proxy
- restart svx_el.sh

PROXY_SERVER=my.vps.host.name
PROXY_PORT=8100
PROXY_PASSWORD=xxxxxxxxx

— John Pumford-Green 06/04/24 07:09

LAST MODIFIED : 01/01/70 01:00 BST

Further Information

radio, svxlink

QRSS

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 16:22:31 +0000

QRSS

I've been running my QMX on WSPR, using its DigiMode and the USB interface to a laptop running WSJT-X, when I'm not using for real QSOs.

But I got to thinking “is that all there is?”

I've seen almost continuous QRSS signals on the WSJT-X waterfall on 30m while running WPSR, and I remembered running a grabber on 600m/500kHz back in the early days of access to that band, and I wondered what activity there still was using QRSS. So I looked around the 'net and found that the “QRSS Knights” group are still going and I wondered about joining it. It would give a more human interaction and more human use of the “down time” - I could still monitor propagation, but not using the computer to do everything… you still need to actively look at the waterfall and read the morse code from the noisy trace on the screen.

I've joined the Knights QRSS on groups.io https://groups.io/g/qrssknights and last night I set about getting a grabber up and running.

I settled on good old Spectrum Lab which I know has always worked well under Wine on Linux. After a bit of fiddling I got a working setup to display the “QRSS Watering Hole” on 30m, my band of interest, and then fiddled with some bash scripts to automate the “grab and upload” function to send images to my website. https://g4slv.info/

On this image from 10:20UTC today there are several QRSS signals….

From the top:

S52AB
G0PKT
M0BMN
G0MBA
G4JQT
IK2JET

I tried sending some QRSS at 1W this morning for an hour or so, but only saw the faintest of traces on the grabber of Fabian (DJ5CW) on his Polish-sited Grabber SO5CW which might have been me.

Once again, it seems that my quiet location is better for receive than transmit.

My grabber is now included on the grabber list at https://swharden.com/qrss/plus/ so let's see what appears on my screen.

I'll put some details of the simple bash scripts that do the uploads on the main wiki Radio pages, and add more info about QRSS there, when I get a chance.

Update

I ran on TX again in the afternoon and Fabian DJ5CW/ SO5CW confirmed reception in Poland!

The “L” really pops out at one point!

radio, qrss, qrp, qmx, knightsqrss

DM41X Info

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 13 Apr 2026 18:35:30 +0000

←Calculator Hardware

DM41X Info

Purchase Information

Date : February 2022
From : Swiss Micros (Direct)
Price : £185
Serial : 01266
Battery Swap
- 22/09/22
- 11/02/25
- 19/02/26
- 13/04/26

Firmware

Date	Serial No.	DM41X Version	DMCP Version	Firmware Files
24/05/22	01266	2.1	3.20	dmcp_flash_3.20_dm41x-2.1.zip
27/07/24	01266	2.2	3.25	dmcp_flash_3.25_dm41x-2.2.zip
21/12/25	01266	2.3	3.28	dmcp_flash_3.28_dm41x-2.3.zip

RTC Correction

approx. error +3.5s/d = +40.5ppm
Correction factor C from C = 2^20 P /(10^6 + P)
Approximations :
- C = 1.04858 P
- P = 0.953674 C
Calculated C = -42.47

Put a text file /rtccalib.cfg in root directory of FAT drive with contents:

-42.47

Update 28/5/22

After a period of observation the rate is now over-corrected. Try reducing correction to -37.5 which corresponds to a ppm error of 35.76ppm, or 3.26 s/d.

Date Start	Date Check	Accumulated Error (s)	Rate Error (s/d)	Comments
28/3/22	24/5/22		-0.1	correction applied (C=40). Uncorrected error +3.5
24/5/22				new correction C=-42.47
24/5/22	25/5/22		-0.3	new correction in wrong direction?
28/5/22			-0.3	still over-corrected. New factor: -37.5. DM41X reports this is a correction of -35.3ppm
28/5/22	31/5/22		+0.2	Now under-corrected? Difference across 3 days is only 0.5 seconds, so perhaps needs longer to reduce reaction-time-error
28/5/22	28/6/22		+0.1	Almost 1 month later. Delta 31/5/22 = -15.7s, Delta 28/6/22 = -11.6s. +4.1s in 28 days
28/5/22	8/7/22		+0.1	Delta -10.1s
28/5/22	21/9/22		+ 0.2	Delta +1.2s. Still slightly under-corrected but good enough
28/5/22	15/4/23	-7.6	+0.0	Delta -7.6s in 322 days = 0.02 s/d
15/04/23	22/11/23	+33.3	+0.2	33.3s in 221 days = 0.15 s/d

Update January 2026

Using my python Watchcheck

Date Start	Date Check	Delta	Latest Rate Error	Average Rate Error	Comments
23/01/26		+2.7			New Period: correction-35.3ppm
23/01/26	24/01/26	+2.6	-0.1	-0.1	After 24 hours
23/01/26	26/01/26	+3.0	+0.2	+0.1	After 3 days
23/01/26	27/01/26	+3.2	+0.3	+0.1	After 4 days
23/01/26	04/02/26	+5.0	+0.2	+0.2	After 12 days
23/01/26	11/02/26	+6.1	+0.1	+0.2	After 19 days

Notes

Complex Numbers

For more about the 41Z see the separate page DM41X 41z Module

I'm using the 41Z complex number module by Angel Martin to add a 4-level complex number stack. It's a bit confusing at first to get to grips with, but adds a lot of functionality to the the DM41x.

After a bit of trial and error (this is my first play with a “plug-in module” after all) I discovered the simplest way to make the keyboard function normally, and get easy access when needed to the complex functions, was to assign a USER key (usually the statistics summation key ∑+ to the 41Z module function ∑ZL.

Each press of ∑+ now temporarily modifies all the keys to access specific 41Z functions. The functions available are extensive, through the use of the SHIFT key and by multiple presses of the ∑+ (henceforth referred to as Z) key.

I drew out a diagram to show the various functions available.

Once a selection is made the keyboard switches back to its normal behaviour, so all the usual functionality is available.

Most of these are unlikely to be used often - and it's also possible to make a much narrow selection of 41Z functions and make your own USER assignments, rather than use the ∑ZL keyboard - although this might mean you block access to inbuilt functions you might want - which would mean switching out of USER keyboard mode at times. At the moment the ∑ZL option seems the most versatile.

Many of the 41Z functions available are beyond my pay grade and unlikely to ever find a use, but the Complex Keyboard still makes things much easier to deal with.

For example the two keypresses:

Z 1\x

is much easier than the 7 it would otherwise need to invert a complex number

XEQALPHAZINVALPHA I need to practice finding the right function (the main ones printed on the keyboard as well as the new ones provided by 41Z's ∑ZL keyboard, but my fingers are slowly starting to move in the right direction.

One thing I do notice, though, as that due to the need to press various keys (XEQ, ALPHA, SHIFT etc) it's sometimes possible to make a real mess if you miss a vital key in the middle of entering lots of data & instructions and find your stack totally screwed up, or several lines of program code full of nonsense….

I'm sure it'll all become second nature soon enough.

HP16C Emulator module

This is another interesting module to add the functionality of the HP16C - the Programmer's Calculator designed to handle calculations in various mathematical bases as used in computer programming and networking : Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal and Decimal. I adds much more value than the rather basic functions in the Advantage Pac module.

After much trial and error I found a combination of HP16C module and Library 4 library that worked correctly. The HP16C module needs the Library 4 module, but I found some problems with different versions. Using the versions contained in the Swiss Micros package had a weird bug - the 16* (multiplication) function simply didn't work. I found a post by Angel Martin on the HP Calculator Forum with a ZIP file containing the 2 modules that worked correctly.

Here is the zip file : hp-16c_rev.1a.zip

I'll make a separate guide to using the main features here DM41X HP16C Module

Guides

Hints & Tips

Swiss Micros Info

Firmware : https://technical.swissmicros.com/dm41x/firmware/
Documentation : Online User Manual
Documentation : PDF Manual
Product Page : DM41X

Issues

Arrived new with a speck of dirt behind the glass in front of the LCD.
- Able to remove by carefully prising the glass from its bezel (it's held in with double-sided tape)

41Z Deluxe Module

Weird behaviour with its "common factor" display

Update September 2024

The factorization error in the deluxe version has been fixed by Angel….

Swiss Micros forum discussion about the issue

the fixed version 41z_bs_2x2_2_.zip
My page DM41X 41z Module

DM41X Program Listings

See DM41X Progs

HP-41CX Owner's Manuals

Download from https://literature.hpcalc.org

HP-41CX Owner's Manual Vol. 1 : https://literature.hpcalc.org/community/hp41cx-om-vol1-en.pdf
HP-41CX Owner's Manual Vol. 2 : https://literature.hpcalc.org/community/hp41cx-om-vol2-en.pdf
HP-41CX Quick Reference Guide : https://literature.hpcalc.org/community/hp41cx-qrg-en.pdf

Page Updated : 13/04/26 19:35 BST

calculator, dm41x

Code & Command Snippets

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 20:03:26 +0000

←Archive

Code & Command Snippets

Windows WiFi Disconnect

Windows will disconnect a WIFI connection when it discovers there's no WAN internet - presumably Windows thinks ALL networks are connected to the Internet and this prevents using WIFI for an isolated LAN, and also throws you off the WLAN whenever the ADSL connection fails, even when you're busy using only internal LAN sessions.

THIS IS WRONG BEHAVIOUR.

I found a solution, and typically it's a REGEDIT task:

From : https://superuser.com/questions/1650052/how-to-keep-windows-10-connected-to-wifi-without-internet

Add a Registry DWORD “NoActiveProbe” value “1” at Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\NetworkConnectivityStatusIndicator

Job Done. You stay on your LAN even when the interwebs is down.

Chrome redirects

To remove a “permanent redirect” - e.g. from an http to an https URL - I found the answer here:

https://www.neilwithdata.com/chrome-redirect-forget

Open the Chrome Developer Tools (F12)
Go to the Network tab and make sure Disable cache is ticked
Reload (or navigate to) the page you no longer want to be redirected while keeping the dev tools open.

— John Pumford-Green 27/04/23 06:12

Vim Pasting

I recently had problems pasting text into Vim by the traditional RIGHT click method. Vim would enter Insert(VISUAL) mode instead.

One solution when using Putty is to use its own mechanism :

SHIFT+INS

I prefer to use RIGHT click, as it's more natural so I found the solution is to add

set mouse-=a

to ~/.vimrc

This solves the problem, and I don't need to use nano when editing text files on my remote server via SSH using Putty.

Raspberry Pi Stuff

find Raspberry Pi Model : cat /sys/firmware/devicetree/base/model
mount a raspberry pi image

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo losetup -Pf igate.img
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ lsblk
NAME      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0       7:0    0   4.3G  0 loop
├─loop0p1 259:0    0   256M  0 part
└─loop0p2 259:1    0     4G  0 part
sda         8:0    0 298.1G  0 disk
├─sda1      8:1    0 235.1G  0 part /
├─sda2      8:2    0     1K  0 part
├─sda3      8:3    0  50.9G  0 part
└─sda5      8:5    0  12.1G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo mount /dev/loop0p2 /mnt

remove mounted image

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo umount /mnt
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo losetup -D

Git

Basic Workflow

do all changes to code
git add . to add changed files to staging
git commit -m “commit message” to do the commit
git push to push new commits to github

Windows Host File

Start → Windows Accessories → Notepad → <right click> … more…Run as Administrator
edit C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts (set All files rather than txt to be able to see the hosts file in the file chooser)
Save

Auto SSH Tunnels

Used on remote installations to create persistent SSH reverse tunnels.

An example

svxlink hotspot

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 14:00:21 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 21:03 BST

linux, pi

Dokuwiki Upgrade problem

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 07:47:28 +0000

Dokuwiki Upgrade problem

— John Pumford-Green 30/06/22 11:30

I recently upgraded to the latest version of Dokuwiki after seeing a banner informing me that a new Release Candidate (Igor v52.1) was available.

Initially it all seemed to go well, with no problems noticed. I also upgraded my “sandbox” version.

I've recently switched to using the Vector template, to mimic the look/feel of Wikipedia and mediawiki, after using the default template and also Bootstrap3. Only then did I find a problem with the upgraded Dokuwiki.

I couldn't logout!

When I tried to logout there was a warning banner

Security Token did not match. Possible CSRF attack

. The same happened on the sandbox server too!

Changing active template to any other - Dokuwiki, ~~Monobook~~, Bootstrap3 - and there was no problem with logging in and out. Only while using Vector (and Monobook) was there an issue.

I downgraded back to Release 2020-07-29 “Hogfather” and the problem went away!

So…. there seems to be an incompatibility with the current version of the Vector & Monobook templates and the new version of Dokuwiki itself.

Until it's resolved I'll stay on Release 2020-07-29 “Hogfather” and keep using Vector or Monobook

To suppress the upgrade available banner ~~I've edited ./doku.php to bump the version to 52.1~~ I've set the configuration option “updatecheck” to 0 on the main site, and left it as normal on the sandbox site.

UPDATE

It's been fixed….. see Logout errors with later versions of Dokuwiki

dokuwiki

AOR AR7030

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

AOR AR7030

1. Faults/repairs/mods

July 2022 - Volume encoder u/s
- Bourns ECW1J-B24-AC0024L available at Farnell at £3.80
- Ordered 4 off 16/7/22
- Replaced vol encoder : July 2022
July 2022 - VFO Tuning encoder u/s
- Only changed freq. over a small portion of a revolution
- Using remote control via LAN to operate until a new encoder is sourced

2. Filters

Currently fitted:

Before change (below)

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Narrow	CKK455J	3.9
X4	AM Normal #	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB #	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM #	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	AM Wide #	CFW455HT	6.4
X8	CW Collins	MF300	0.5

# = factory supplied

Standard Fitting

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Wide	CFW455HT	6.4
X4	AM Normal	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	Option 1
X8	Option 2

Available to fit:

CW / Data / SSB narrow : CFJ455K8 : 1.4

July 2022

Removed un-needed AM-Wide 6.4kHz from X7 and installed 1.4kHz “CW/Data/SSB Narrow”?

This gives :

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Narrow	CKK455J	3.9
X4	AM Normal #	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB #	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM #	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	Data	CFJ455K8	1.4
X8	CW Collins	MF300	0.5

# = factory supplied

In order of Bandwidth

1 : 0.5 CW
2 : 1.4 CW/Data
3 : 2.1 SSB
4 : 3.9 AM-Narrow
5 : 5.5 AM-Normal
6 : 9.5 FM

3. Remote Control

The Python module used in netradio for accessing AR7030.

Generic aor.py

aor.py

import serial
import threading
 
 
#sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sport = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
sbaud = 1200
 
lock = threading.Lock()
fract = float(2 ** 24) / 44545
 
 
class Ar7030(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=10)
        self.model = model
 
 
    def check_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        if result:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
    def set_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = ord(byte) | mask
        return result
 
    def clear_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = ~(1 << bit)
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        return result
 
    def get_ident(self):
        sendStr = '\x5f' + '\x40'
        ident = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
        return ident
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        p = self.check_bit(byte, 4)
        if p:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
        return
 
 
    def pre_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte :
        # bit0 = filter FS3
        # bit1 = filter FS2
        # bit2 = filter FS1
        # bit3 = filter FS4
        # bit4 = preamp enabled
        # bit5 = atten 0 = 20dB / 1 = 40dB
        # bit6 = input filter 0 = HF / 1 = LF
        # bit7 = attenuator enabled
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 ON = preamp ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 4)
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 OFF = preamp OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 4)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        a = self.check_bit(byte, 7)
 
        if a:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
 
    def att_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 ON = ATT ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def att_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 OFF = att OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fval = freq * fract
        #print fval
        b1 = 48 + int(fval / 1048576)
        fval = fval % 1048576
        b2 = 96 + int(fval / 65536)
        fval = fval % 65536
        b3 = 48 + int(fval / 4096)
        fval = fval % 4096
        b4 = 96 + int(fval / 256)
        fval = fval % 256
        b5 = 48 + int(fval / 16)
        b6 = 96 + int(fval % 16)
 
        f_tuple = ( b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 )
 
        freqStr = ""
        for byte in f_tuple:
            freqStr += chr(byte)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a' + freqStr + '\x24' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Freq Set"
 
    def get_freq(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a'
 
        freqStr = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 3)
 
        f_val = 0
        for k in freqStr:
            f_val = f_val * 256 + ord(k)
 
        return "%.3f" % round(float(f_val / fract),2 )
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x66"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x67"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x61"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x65"
        elif mode == "data":
            set_mode_val = "\x64"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x63"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x62"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4d' + set_mode_val + '\x22' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Mode sent"
 
    def get_mode(self):
 
        sendStr = "\x50" + "\x31" + "\x4d"
        m = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        mode = ""
        if m == "\x01":
            mode = "am"
        elif m == "\x02":
            mode = "s-am"
        elif m == "\x03":
            mode = "fm"
        elif m == "\x04":
            mode = "data"
        elif m == "\x05":
            mode = "cw"
        elif m == "\x06":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif m == "\x07":
            mode = "usb"
 
        return mode.upper()
 
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = '\x2e'
        sraw = self.tx_rx(sendStr, True, 0)
 
        return ord(sraw)
 
    def get_cal(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x52' + '\x3f' + '\x44' + '\x11'
        #print "sending getcal"
        cbytes = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
 
        cal = []
 
        for c in cbytes:
            cal.append(ord(c))
 
        return cal
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.get_cal()
 
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
 
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr, reply, n):
        # apply thread lock
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
 
        if reply:  # for reading S-meter
            result = ""
            while not result:
                result = self.ser.read(1)
            lock.release()
            return result
        else:
 
            result = ""
            byte = ""
            while n != 0:
                self.ser.write('\x71')
                #byte = ""
 
                while not byte:
                    byte = self.ser.read(1)
 
                result += byte
 
                byte = ""
                n -= 1
            lock.release()
            return result

Update July 2022

I've modified the server/client code to create a single-radio AR7030 control program that gives access to IF filter, and reads s-meter etc.

New (July 2022) version of Tkinter GUI with S-Meter graph and IF filter Selection

gui_smeter.py

# # new class-based gui
 
from Tkinter import *
import socket
import threading
import time
 
 
 
class Network(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.sock = self.make_con()
 
    def make_con(self):
        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.sock.connect(("192.168.21.107", 9999))
        return self.sock
 
    def connect(self, data):
        try:
            lock.acquire()
            self.sock.sendall(data + "\n")
            self.received = self.sock.recv(2048)
        finally:
            lock.release()
            return self.received
 
class Dash(object):
    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
 
        self.s = (n1.sock.getsockname())
        self.p = (n1.sock.getpeername())
 
 
 
        dash_frame = Toplevel(master, borderwidth = 2, relief = GROOVE, bg = 'black')
        dash_frame.title("Server")
        dash_frame.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.handler)
        dash_frame.resizable(0, 0)
        dash_frame.geometry("300x150+10-10")
        dash_frame.grid()
 
        self.utc_time = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.utc_time, fg = 'green', bg = 'black').grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.s, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = " < --- > ", bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.p, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 2, sticky = E)
 
        self.server_msg_l = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.server_msg_l, fg = 'yellow', bg = 'black').grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = W)
 
        q_button = Button(dash_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
    def handler(self):
        pass
 
    def up_dash(self):
        self.server_msg = n1.connect("ident")
        self.server_msg_l.set(self.server_msg)
        self.utc_time.set(time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M", time.gmtime(time.time())))
        return
 
class nRadio(object):
    def __init__(self, master, radio):
        self.master = master
 
        self.radio = radio
        self.num = "".join(("r", self.radio))
 
 
        radio_frame = Frame(master, borderwidth=2, relief=GROOVE)
 
        radio_frame.grid()
        self.smeter_list = []
 
        filter_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        filter_frame.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=3)
 
        mode_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        mode_frame.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=3, rowspan=2)
 
        control_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        control_frame.grid(row=5, column=4, columnspan=3)
 
        q_button = Checkbutton(control_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 1, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        Label(radio_frame, text="Name", width=10).grid(row=0, column=0)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Freq/kHz", width=10).grid(row=0, column=1)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Mode", width=10).grid(row=0, column=2)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Signal/dBm", width=10).grid(row=0, column=3)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Max/dBm", width=10, fg='red').grid(row=0, column=4)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Ave/dBm", width=10, fg='green').grid(row=0, column=5)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Min/dBm", width=10, fg='blue').grid(row=0, column=6)
 
        self.name_l = StringVar()
        self.l_name = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.name_l, width=10)
        self.l_name.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
 
 
        self.freq_l = StringVar()
        self.l_freq = Label(radio_frame, fg='red', textvariable=self.freq_l, width=10)
        self.l_freq.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E)
 
        self.mode_l = StringVar()
        self.l_mode = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.mode_l, width=10)
        self.l_mode.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=E)
 
        self.filt_l = IntVar()
        self.r_filt_1 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=1, text="0.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_1.grid(row=5, column=2)
        self.r_filt_2 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=2, text="1.4", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_2.grid(row=5, column=3)
        self.r_filt_3 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=3, text="2.1", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_3.grid(row=5, column=4)
        self.r_filt_4 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=4, text="3.9", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_4.grid(row=6, column=2)
        self.r_filt_5 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=5, text="5.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_5.grid(row=6, column=3)
        self.r_filt_6 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=6, text="9.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_6.grid(row=6, column=4)
        #Label(filter_frame, text="Filter", width=10).grid(row=4, column=2, columnspan=3, sticky=NSEW)
 
        #self.l_filt = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.filt_l, width=10)
        #self.l_filt.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=E)
 
 
        #self.e_filt = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        #self.e_filt.grid(row=6, column=0)
        #self.e_filt.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_filt(self.num)))
 
 
        #self.e_mode = StringVar()
        self.b_mode_usb = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "USB",variable=self.mode_l, value="USB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("usb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_usb.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_lsb = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "LSB",variable=self.mode_l, value="LSB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("lsb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_lsb.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_cw = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "CW",variable=self.mode_l, value="CW", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("cw", self.num))
        self.b_mode_cw.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "AM",variable=self.mode_l,value = "AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "S-AM",variable=self.mode_l,value = "S-AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("s-am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 1, column = 3)
 
        self.b_mode_data = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "Data",variable=self.mode_l, value="DATA", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("data", self.num))
        self.b_mode_data.grid(row = 1, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_fm = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "FM",variable=self.mode_l, value="FM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("fm", self.num))
        self.b_mode_fm.grid(row = 1, column = 2)
 
        self.b_qsy_up = Button(radio_frame, text = "+1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_up( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_up.grid(row = 2, column = 2)
 
        self.b_qsy_down = Button(radio_frame, text = "-1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_down( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_down.grid(row = 2, column = 0)
 
        self.b_update = Button(radio_frame, text = "Get", width = 6, command = lambda:self.get_all())
        #self.b_update.grid(row = 0, column = 3)
 
 
        self.smeter_l = StringVar()
        self.l_smeter = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.smeter_l, width=10)
        self.l_smeter.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=E)
 
        self.max_var = StringVar()
        self.l_max = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.max_var, width=10)
        self.l_max.grid(row=1, column=4)
 
        self.ave_var = StringVar()
        self.l_average = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.ave_var, width=10)
        self.l_average.grid(row=1, column=5)
 
        self.min_var = StringVar()
        self.l_min = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.min_var, width=10)
        self.l_min.grid(row=1, column=6)
 
        self.e_freq = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        self.e_freq.grid(row=2, column=1)
        self.e_freq.focus()
        self.e_freq.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_freq(self.num)))
 
 
 
        self.pre = IntVar()
        self.cb_pre = Checkbutton(control_frame,text="Preamp", variable=self.pre, command=lambda: self.preamp_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_pre.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.l_pre = Label(control_frame, text="Preamp")
        #self.l_pre.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=E)
 
        self.att = IntVar()
        self.cb_att = Checkbutton(control_frame,text="Att", variable=self.att, command=lambda: self.att_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_att.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.l_att = Label(control_frame, text="Att")
        #self.l_att.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=E)
 
        self.set_log = IntVar()
        self.cb_log = Checkbutton(control_frame,text = "Log to file...", variable = self.set_log)
        self.cb_log.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        self.l_log = Label(control_frame, width = 10, text = "Log to file...")
        #self.l_log.grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
        self.c1 = Canvas(radio_frame, width=260, height=100, bg='black')
        self.c1.grid(row=2, column=3, columnspan=4, rowspan=3)
 
        name = self.get_name(radio)
 
 
    def get_all(self):
 
 
        self.get_freq(self.num)
        self.get_mode(self.num)
        self.get_smeter(self.num)
        self.get_preamp(self.num)
        self.get_atten(self.num)
        self.graph_points()       
        self.avg()
        self.max()
        self.min()
        self.get_filt(self.num)
 
        if self.set_log.get() == 1:
            if int(time.time()) % 10.0 == 0:
                self.write_file()
        return
 
 
    def get_filt(self,radio):
        self.filt = n1.connect("getfil" + " " + radio)
        self.filt_l.set(self.filt)
        return
 
    def set_filt(self,radio):
        self.filt = str(self.filt_l.get())
        self.newfilt = n1.connect("setfil" + " " + self.filt + " " + radio)
        #self.e_filt.delete(0,END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
 
    def get_freq(self, radio):
 
        self.freq = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        self.freq_l.set(self.freq)
        return
 
    def set_freq(self, radio):
        self.freq = str(self.e_freq.get())
        self.newfreq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + self.freq + " " + radio)
        self.e_freq.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_up(self,radio):
 
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) + 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_down(self,radio):
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) - 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_mode(self, radio):
        self.mode = n1.connect("getmode" + " " + radio)
        self.mode_l.set(self.mode)
        return
 
    def set_mode(self, mode, radio):
        #self.mode = str(self.e_mode.get())
        self.newmode = n1.connect("setmode" + " " + mode + " " + radio)
        #self.e_mode.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_smeter(self, radio):
        self.smeter = n1.connect("getsmeter" + " " + radio)
        self.smeter_l.set(self.smeter)
        self.smeter_list.append(float(self.smeter))
        if len(self.smeter_list) > 129:
            self.smeter_list.pop(0)
        return
 
    def avg(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        total = 0
        for i in s:
            total += i
        self.av = round((total / len(s)), 1)
        self.ave_var.set(str(self.av))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), fill="green")
        return self.av
 
    def min(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mn = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i < self.mn:
                self.mn = i
        self.min_var.set(str(self.mn))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), fill="blue")
        return self.mn
 
    def max(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mx = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i > self.mx:
                self.mx = i
        self.max_var.set(str(self.mx))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), fill="red")
        return self.mx
 
    def get_preamp(self, radio):
        self.preamp = n1.connect("getpreamp" + " " + radio)
        if self.preamp == "1":
            self.cb_pre.select()
        elif self.preamp == "0":
            self.cb_pre.deselect()
        return
 
    def preamp_onoff(self, radio):
        self.prestate = self.pre.get()
        if self.prestate:
            n1.connect("preampon" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("preampoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def att_onoff(self, radio):
        self.attstate = self.att.get()
        if self.attstate:
            n1.connect("atton" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("attoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
 
    def get_atten(self, radio):
        self.atten = n1.connect("getatt" + " " + radio)
        if self.atten == "1":
            self.cb_att.select()
        elif self.atten == "0":
            self.cb_att.deselect()
        return
 
    def get_name(self, radio):
        print radio
        self.all_names = n1.connect("listradios")
        self.radios = self.all_names.split()
        print self.radios
        self.name = self.radios[int(radio) - 1]
        self.name_l.set(self.name)
        return
 
 
 
    def graph_points(self):
        seq = self.smeter_list
        y_stretch = 1
        y_gap = 5
        x_stretch = 0
        x_width = 2
        x_gap = 2
        height = 100
        self.c1.delete(ALL)
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), fill='white')
        for x, y in enumerate(seq):
            yd = y + 123
            x0 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_gap
            y0 = height - (yd * y_stretch + y_gap)
            x1 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_width + x_gap
            y1 = height - y_gap
            self.c1.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill="yellow")
 
    def write_file(self):
        self.filename = self.name+".txt"
        self.f = open(self.filename, 'a+')
        timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
        log = " ".join((timenow, self.name, self.mode, self.freq, self.smeter, self.preamp, self.atten, "\r\n"))
        self.f.write(log)
        self.f.close()
 
def update():
    #loops = 0
 
    try:
        nRadio1.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio2.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio3.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio4.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    #d1.up_dash()
 
    return
 
def main():
    #loops = 0
    while True:
        try:
            nRadio1.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio2.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio3.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio4.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        #d1.up_dash()
        #loops += 1
        #print threading.currentThread().name, loops
        time.sleep(1)
 
def close():
    n1.connect("quit")
    root.destroy()
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    version = "v0.1"
    lock = threading.Lock()
    root = Tk()
    #w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
    #root.geometry("%dx%d+0+0" % (w, h))
    #root.geometry("300x520+0+0")
 
    root.title("AR7030 " + version)
 
    #root.withdraw()
    n1 = Network()
    #radio_count = (n1.connect("count"))
    #radio_count = 3
 
    radio_count = int(n1.connect("count"))
    #if radio_count > 0:
    #    nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")
    #if radio_count > 1:
    #    nRadio2 = nRadio(root, "2")
    #if radio_count > 2:
    #    nRadio3 = nRadio(root, "3")
    #if radio_count > 3:
    #    nRadio4 = nRadio(root, "4")
 
    nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")    
    #d1 = Dash(root)
 
    #print threading.currentThread().name
    m1 = threading.Thread(target = main)
    m1.setDaemon(True)
    m1.start()
 
    update()
 
    root.mainloop()

New (July 2022) version of aor module, with access to IF filter selection

aor_filter.py

import serial
import threading
 
 
#sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sbaud = 1200
 
lock = threading.Lock()
fract = float(2 ** 24) / 44545
 
 
class Ar7030(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=10)
        self.model = model
        self.filter = self.get_filter()
 
    def check_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        if result:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
    def set_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = ord(byte) | mask
        return result
 
    def clear_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = ~(1 << bit)
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        return result
 
    def get_ident(self):
        sendStr = '\x5f' + '\x40'
        ident = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
        return ident
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        p = self.check_bit(byte, 4)
        if p:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
        return
 
    def get_filter(self):
        sendStr= '\x50' + '\x33' + '\x44'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        #print ord(byte)
 
        return ord(byte)
 
    def set_filter(self,filt_no):
        #print "In set_filter with ", filt_no
        try:
            filt_no = int(filt_no)
        except ValueError:
            return "Not a number"
 
        if filt_no > 6:
            return "Out of range"
 
        high = 48 + (filt_no >> 4)
        low = 96 + (filt_no & 15)
 
        sendStr= '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x33' + '\x44' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x23' + '\x80'
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False,0)
 
        #self.get_filter()
 
        return "Command Sent"
 
 
 
    def pre_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte :
        # bit0 = filter FS3
        # bit1 = filter FS2
        # bit2 = filter FS1
        # bit3 = filter FS4
        # bit4 = preamp enabled
        # bit5 = atten 0 = 20dB / 1 = 40dB
        # bit6 = input filter 0 = HF / 1 = LF
        # bit7 = attenuator enabled
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 ON = preamp ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 4)
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 OFF = preamp OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 4)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        a = self.check_bit(byte, 7)
 
        if a:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
 
    def att_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 ON = ATT ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def att_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 OFF = att OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fval = freq * fract
        #print fval
        b1 = 48 + int(fval / 1048576)
        fval = fval % 1048576
        b2 = 96 + int(fval / 65536)
        fval = fval % 65536
        b3 = 48 + int(fval / 4096)
        fval = fval % 4096
        b4 = 96 + int(fval / 256)
        fval = fval % 256
        b5 = 48 + int(fval / 16)
        b6 = 96 + int(fval % 16)
 
        f_tuple = ( b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 )
 
        freqStr = ""
        for byte in f_tuple:
            freqStr += chr(byte)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a' + freqStr + '\x24' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Freq Set"
 
    def get_freq(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a'
 
        freqStr = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 3)
 
        f_val = 0
        for k in freqStr:
            f_val = f_val * 256 + ord(k)
 
        return "%.3f" % round(float(f_val / fract),2 )
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x66"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x67"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x61"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x65"
        elif mode == "data":
            set_mode_val = "\x64"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x63"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x62"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4d' + set_mode_val + '\x22' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        self.filter = self.get_filter()
 
        return "Mode sent"
 
    def get_mode(self):
 
        sendStr = "\x50" + "\x31" + "\x4d"
        m = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        mode = ""
        if m == "\x01":
            mode = "am"
        elif m == "\x02":
            mode = "s-am"
        elif m == "\x03":
            mode = "fm"
        elif m == "\x04":
            mode = "data"
        elif m == "\x05":
            mode = "cw"
        elif m == "\x06":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif m == "\x07":
            mode = "usb"
 
        return mode.upper()
 
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = '\x2e'
        sraw = self.tx_rx(sendStr, True, 0)
 
        return ord(sraw)
 
    def get_cal(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x52' + '\x3f' + '\x44' + '\x11'
        #print "sending getcal"
        cbytes = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
 
        cal = []
 
        for c in cbytes:
            cal.append(ord(c))
        #print cal
        return cal
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.get_cal()
 
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
 
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr, reply, n):
        # apply thread lock
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
 
        if reply:  # for reading S-meter
            result = ""
            while not result:
                result = self.ser.read(1)
            lock.release()
            return result
        else:
 
            result = ""
            byte = ""
            while n != 0:
                self.ser.write('\x71')
                #byte = ""
 
                while not byte:
                    byte = self.ser.read(1)
 
                result += byte
 
                byte = ""
                n -= 1
            lock.release()
            return result

New (July 2022) server with AR7030 filter selection

ar_server_filter.py

#from aor import *
from aor_filter import *
#from icom import *
from conf import *
#from m710 import *
import SocketServer
import time
 
try:
    import readline
except:
    pass
 
lock = threading.Lock()
 
radios = []
 
 
 
#r1 = Icom(n1, a1, cal1)
#radios.append(n1)
 
#r2 = m710(n4)
#radios.append(n4)
 
#r2 = Icom(n2, a2, cal2)
#radios.append(n2)
 
#r3 = Ar7030(n3)
#radios.append(n3)
 
r1 = Ar7030(n3)
radios.append(n3)
 
print radios
#print r1.digi_off()
 
#print r2.remote_on()
 
def count_radios():
    count = len(radios)
    return count
 
 
def list_radios():
    radiolist = ""
    for n in range(0, len(radios)):
        r = radios[n]
        radiolist += (r + " ")
    return radiolist
 
 
def write_file(text):
    filename = 'commandlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
def write_con(text):
    filename = 'conlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
# The Server
class ThreadedRequestHandler(SocketServer.StreamRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        # we find the current thread for the client connection just set up, to
        # use in the log file
        cur_thread = threading.currentThread()
        # log the new connection details
        write_con("Connect from %s using %s \n" % ((self.client_address[0]), cur_thread.getName()))
        # print to the server's console the new connection IP address/port
        print self.client_address
        # loop to handle client requests....
        while True:
            # using StreamRequestHandler means our input from the client
            # is  "file-like" and can be read with "file-like" commands
            # we read a line at a time, using readline()
            cmd = self.rfile.readline().lower()
            # to keep things clean, we remove any characters that aren't
            # "printable" simple ASCII
            # these are between 32 and 127 in the ASCII table
            # we look at each character, and then make a new word by
            # .join()ing each accepted character with no space in between
            asccmd = "".join(x for x in cmd if ord(x) < 128 and ord(x) > 31)
            # we make a list called "words" holding the received words which
            # will be inspected by various functions
            words = asccmd.split()
            # If a client uses sock.close() itself, to disconnect, it appears that
            # we read a continuous stream of "" on the dead
            # socket, which puts CPU to 100%.
            #
            # The "While" loop is probably responsible, but I can't see another
            # way to keep the connection up for multiple commands.
            #
            # Further connection are accepted due to the Threaded nature of the server.
            # The CPU load is unacceptable though
            # HACK ?>>>>>
            # Looking for "" and then breaking
            # the connection from the server end (even though the client has
            # gone) cures this.
            if cmd == "":
                break
            else:
                pass
            # if the words list is empty, go back and get more input
            if not words:
                continue
            # we have input....
            # filter based on the first word - these are the
            # pre-set commands the server will accept
            # the client wants to know the currently available
            # radio names - held in the variable "rnames"
            elif words[0] == "getnames":
                self.wfile.write(rnames)
            # words[-1] (the last word in the list) will always be the
            # radio name. We give the variable "my_radio" this value, for
            # identifying which radio object to apply the method to
            elif words[0] == "count":
                count = count_radios()
                self.wfile.write(count)
            elif words[0] == "ident":
                ident_text = "GM4SLV Radio Server"
                radio_list = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(ident_text + "\rAvailable : \n" + radio_list + "\r\n")
 
            elif words[0] == "setfil":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                filt_no = words[1]
                newfilt = my_radio.set_filter(filt_no)
 
                self.wfile.write(newfilt)
            elif words[0] == "getfil":
                my_radio = eval(words[1])
                filt = my_radio.get_filter()
                self.wfile.write(filt)
 
            elif words[0] == "getmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = my_radio.get_mode()
                self.wfile.write(mode)
            elif words[0] == "getfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                freq = words[1]
                freq = my_radio.get_freq()
                self.wfile.write(freq)
            elif words[0] == "setmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = words[1]
                newmode = my_radio.set_mode(mode)
                self.wfile.write(newmode)
            elif words[0] == "setfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                try:
                    freq = float(words[1])
                    newfreq = my_radio.set_freq(freq)
                    self.wfile.write(newfreq)
                except ValueError:
                    #freq = float(my_radio.get_freq())
                    self.wfile.write("Error in freq. %s No change\r\n" % words[1])
 
            elif words[0] == "getsmeter":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                smeter = round(float(my_radio.get_smeter()), 1)
                self.wfile.write(smeter)
            elif words[0] == "gets":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                s = my_radio.get_s()
                self.wfile.write(s)
            elif words[0] == "listradios":
                radios = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(radios)
            elif words[0] == "getpreamp":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.get_pre()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampon":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preamp2on":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_2_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_off()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "getatt":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.get_att()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "atton":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_on()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "attoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_off()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "tune":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                tune = my_radio.tune()
                self.wfile.write(tune)
            elif words[0] == "getpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                pwr = my_radio.get_pwr()
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "setpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                spwr = words[1]
                pwr = my_radio.set_pwr(spwr)
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "quit":
                write_con("Got quit from {}\n".format(self.client_address[0]))  # log it
                self.wfile.write("Goodbye! \r\n")  # say Goodbye
                break
            else:  # nothing in words[0] matches a pre-set command....
                write_file("Received %s\n" % words)  # log it, it's unusual
                self.wfile.write("Command not recognized\r\n")  # inform the client
 
 
class ThreadedIcomServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer):
    pass
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # define the lock to be used on the serial port access
    lock = threading.Lock()
 
    # address ('' = all available interfaces) to listen on, and port number
    address = ('', 9999)
    server = ThreadedIcomServer(address, ThreadedRequestHandler)
    server.allow_reuse_address = True
 
    # define that the server will be threaded, and will serve "forever" ie. not quit after the client disconnects
    t = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
    # start the server thread
    t.start()
 
    write_con(
        "Server loop running in thread: %s\n" % "".join(t.getName()))

Documentation

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:04:50 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

Icom IC-R75

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Icom IC-R75

Details

Repairs / Mods

-5V DC/DC converter
- various capacitor failures

“Turn Off” fault - due to overheating of 13V regulator
- Cured by
  - Reduce input voltage to 13.8V
  - Improve heatsinking of regulator IC to chassis

Remote Control

connected to shack server via RS232
shack server running Python netradio server.py to give TCP/IP network control

laptop PC running Python netradio client.py to give user access

Available controls:

gm4slv@laptop:~/Python/PythonProjects/netradio $ python2 client.py
There are currently 1 radios connected.
=================================
Status of Radio 1 (IC-R75)

Frequency : 391.000 kHz
Mode: CW
S-Meter: -113.0dBm
1 : 0
=================================

Please choose a radio

There are currently 1 radios connected.
Radio 1 is IC-R75
Choose a radio number from the list : 1

The available commands are:
lr   : List Radios
sr   : Select the Radio to control
gr   : Get currently selected Radio name
gm   : Get Mode
sm   : Set Mode
gf   : Get Freq
sf   : Set Freq
gs   : Get S-meter
gp   : Get Pre-amp
pon  : Set Pre-amp On
poff : Set Pre-amp Off
gatt : Get Attn
aton : Set Attn On
atoff: Set Attn Off
ga   : Get All (status of all radios)
sync : Sync freq/mode on two radios
log  : Setup background logging to file
h    : Help (show this command list)
q    : quit

IC-R75 >

audio via network using PicoPhone
- running on shack laptop via Wine
- running on Windows laptop natively

Remote control is achieved via a SSH connection to shack laptop to run the netradio client.py and the RX audio can be heard via PicoPhone.

Documentation

CA65 Setup

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←6502 Project

CA65 Setup

Using CA65 in place of VASM

Support Files

firmware.cfg

MEMORY
{
# Zero page
  ZP: start = $00, size = $100, type = rw, define = yes;
  RAM: start = $200, size = $3dff define=yes;
  ROM:       start=$8000, size=$8000, type=ro, define=yes, fill=yes,   fillval=$00, file=%O;
}

SEGMENTS
{
  ZEROPAGE: load = ZP,             type = zp;
  BSS:        load=RAM,       type=bss, define=yes;
  
  CODE:      load=ROM,       type=ro,  define=yes;
  VECTORS:   load=ROM,       type=ro,  define=yes,   offset=$7ffa, optional=yes;
}

cc65.rules.mk

include /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/tools.mk
 
BUILD_FOLDER=../build
TEMP_FOLDER=$(BUILD_FOLDER)/$(ROM_NAME)
ROM_FILE=$(BUILD_FOLDER)/$(ROM_NAME).bin
MAP_FILE=$(TEMP_FOLDER)/$(ROM_NAME).map
 
ASM_OBJECTS=$(ASM_SOURCES:%.s=$(TEMP_FOLDER)/%.o)
 
# Compile assembler sources
$(TEMP_FOLDER)/%.o: %.s
	@$(MKDIR_BINARY) $(MKDIR_FLAGS) $(TEMP_FOLDER)
	$(CA65_BINARY) $(CA65_FLAGS) -o $@ -l $(@:.o=.lst) $<
 
# Link ROM image
$(ROM_FILE): $(ASM_OBJECTS) $(FIRMWARE_CFG)
	@$(MKDIR_BINARY) $(MKDIR_FLAGS) $(BUILD_FOLDER)
	$(LD65_BINARY) $(LD65_FLAGS) -C $(FIRMWARE_CFG) -o $@ -m $(MAP_FILE) $(ASM_OBJECTS)
 
# Default target
all: $(ROM_FILE)
 
# Build and dump output
test: $(ROM_FILE)
	$(HEXDUMP_BINARY) $(HEXDUMP_FLAGS) $<
	$(MD5_BINARY) $<
 
# Clean build artifacts
clean:
	$(RM_BINARY) -f $(ROM_FILE) \
	$(MAP_FILE) \
	$(ASM_OBJECTS) \
	$(ASM_OBJECTS:%.o=%.lst)

tools.mk

# cc65 utilities used in this example
CA65_BINARY=ca65
CC65_BINARY=cc65
LD65_BINARY=ld65
AR65_BINARY=ar65

VASM_BINARY=vasm6502_oldstyle

CPU_FLAG=--cpu 65C02
ARCH_FLAG=-t none

CC65_FLAGS=$(CPU_FLAG) $(ARCH_FLAG) $(EXTRA_FLAGS) -O
CA65_FLAGS=$(CPU_FLAG) $(EXTRA_FLAGS)
LD65_FLAGS=
AR65_FLAGS=r

VASM_FLAGS=-Fbin -dotdir

# Hexdump is used for "testing" the ROM
HEXDUMP_BINARY=hexdump
HEXDUMP_FLAGS=-C

# Checksum generator
MD5_BINARY=md5sum

# Standard utilities (rm/mkdir)
RM_BINARY=rm
RM_FLAGS=-f
MKDIR_BINARY=mkdir
MKDIR_FLAGS=-p
CP_BINARY=cp
CP_FLAGS=-f

project makefile

CONF_DIR=/home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src

ROM_NAME=monitor_dev

ASM_SOURCES=monitor_dev.s

FIRMWARE_CFG=$(CONF_DIR)/firmware.cfg

include $(CONF_DIR)/cc65.rules.mk

A typical project

monitor_dev.s setup

Put the asm source for the project in a folder (/home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/src/monitor/monitor_dev.s)
Put the makefile in the same folder
put any source files to be included in the assembly process in the includes folder
- /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/src/includes/rtc.inc
- /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/src/includes/ioports.inc
make a build main folder /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/build/

The general tree:

/home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/ = base folder for ca65 projects aka $CA65SRC

config files : firmware.cfg, cc65.rules.mk, tools.mk are in $(CA65SRC)
sources directory : src is in $(CA65SRC) → $(CA65SRC)/src
inside sources directory are build, includes and the individual project source directories. $(CA65SRC)/src/build/, $(CA65SRC)/src/includes/ and (eg) $(CA65SRC)/src/monitor/
inside each project source directory are the asm source file eg monitor_dev.s and a specific makefile

To include sources from the includes directory first define the variables, then the includes :

Variables

define zeropage variables:

.zeropage
 
DUMP_POINTER:     .res 2
FLAGS:            .res 1
TOGGLE_TIME:      .res 1
CLOCK_LAST:       .res 1
MESSAGE_POINTER:  .res 2
TICKS:            .res 4
CENTISEC:         .res 1
HUNDRED_HRS:      .res 1
TEN_HRS:          .res 1
HRS:              .res 1
TEN_MINUTES:      .res 1
MINUTES:          .res 1
TEN_SECONDS:      .res 1
SECONDS:          .res 1
MEM_POINTER:      .res 2

and define the other .bss variables:

.bss
 
INKEY:            .res 1
ASCII:            .res 4
BYTE:             .res 2
TENS:             .res 1
HUNDREDS:         .res 1
HEX:              .res 2
HEXB:             .res 2
TEMP:             .res 1
TEMP2:            .res 1

Then the includes

  .include "../includes/ioports.inc"
  .include "../includes/lcd.inc"
  .include "../includes/getkey.inc"
  .include "../includes/functions.inc"
  .include "../includes/rtc.inc"

make sure the include files have appropriate .code directive to put it in the right place when its all assembled together:

e.g. in functions.inc:

 .code
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;          convert a binary number from Accumulator, in range 00000000 -> 11111111 ($00 to $FF)
;;          to its HEX number encode as ASCII -  using a simple lookup table and print it on LCD
;;
bintohex:
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  pla
  and #$0f
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
hexascii: .byte "0123456789ABCDEF"

monitor_dev.s source code

monitor_dev.s

 
.localchar '@'
 
;.SEGMENT "ZEROPAGE"
.zeropage
 
DUMP_POINTER:     .res 2
FLAGS:            .res 1
TOGGLE_TIME:      .res 1
CLOCK_LAST:       .res 1
MESSAGE_POINTER:  .res 2
TICKS:            .res 4
CENTISEC:         .res 1
HUNDRED_HRS:      .res 1
TEN_HRS:          .res 1
HRS:              .res 1
TEN_MINUTES:      .res 1
MINUTES:          .res 1
TEN_SECONDS:      .res 1
SECONDS:          .res 1
MEM_POINTER:      .res 2
 
 
;.SEGMENT "BSS"
.bss
 
INKEY:            .res 1
ASCII:            .res 4
BYTE:             .res 2
TENS:             .res 1
HUNDREDS:         .res 1
HEX:              .res 2
HEXB:             .res 2
TEMP:             .res 1
TEMP2:            .res 1
 
.include "../includes/ioports.inc"
.include "../includes/lcd.inc"
.include "../includes/getkey.inc"
.include "../includes/functions.inc"
.include "../includes/rtc.inc"
 
 
.code
 
 
reset:
  ldx #$ff
  txs
 
  cli      ; interrupts ON
 
  jsr via_1_init ; set-up VIA_1 for LCD/Keypad 
  jsr lcd_init ; set-up 4-bit mode 
  jsr lcd_start ; set-up various features of lcd 
 
init_variables:
  stz TICKS
  stz TICKS + 1
  stz TICKS + 2
  stz TICKS + 3
  stz DUMP_POINTER
  stz DUMP_POINTER + 1
  stz MESSAGE_POINTER
  stz MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  stz TOGGLE_TIME
  stz CLOCK_LAST
  stz CENTISEC
  stz FLAGS
  stz SECONDS
  stz TEN_SECONDS
  stz MINUTES
  stz HRS
  stz TEN_HRS
  stz TEN_MINUTES
  stz HUNDRED_HRS
  stz TEMP
  stz TEMP2
  stz TENS  
  stz MEM_POINTER
  stz MEM_POINTER + 1
 
 
 
;; test then clear RAM between 
;; $0200 - $3FFF - avoids the ZP and STACK areas
 
ram_clear:
  lda #$02            ; start at $0200
  sta MEM_POINTER + 1
  ldy #$00
loop_ram:
  lda #$AA
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  lda #$FF
  lda (MEM_POINTER),y
  cmp #$AA
  bne mem_fail_1
  lda #$55
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  lda #$FF
  lda (MEM_POINTER),y
  cmp #$55
  bne mem_fail_2
  lda #$00
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  iny
  beq next_page
  jmp loop_ram
next_page:
  lda MEM_POINTER + 1
  inc
  cmp #$40
  beq done_ram
  sta MEM_POINTER + 1
  jmp loop_ram
 
 
done_ram:
 
  lda #<mem_pass_msg
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_pass_msg
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print 
  smb5 FLAGS
  jmp loop
 
mem_fail_1:
  lda #<mem_fail_msg_1
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_fail_msg_1
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  jmp loop
 
mem_fail_2:
  lda #<mem_fail_msg_2
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_fail_msg_2
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  jmp loop
 
 
 
; go straight to MONITOR at startup
;  lda #<splash
;  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
;  lda #>splash
;  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
;  jsr new_address
 
; main loop
loop:
  wai
  jsr check_flags
  jmp loop
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;; FUNCTIONS ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;
 
check_flags:
  bbs0 FLAGS, update_block_address
  bbs5 FLAGS, clock_time
  ; check other flags... other actions....
  rts
 
update_block_address:
  sec
  lda TICKS
  sbc TOGGLE_TIME
  cmp #$32
  bcc exit_update_block
  jsr block_address
  lda TICKS
  sta TOGGLE_TIME
 
exit_update_block:
  rts
 
 
clock_time:
 
  sec
  lda TICKS
  sbc CLOCK_LAST
  cmp #$32
  bcc exit_clock
 
  jsr lcd_cursor_off
 
  jsr lcd_home
 
  lda HUNDRED_HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda TEN_HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #':'
  jsr print_char
  lda TEN_MINUTES
  jsr bintoascii
  lda MINUTES
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #':'
  jsr print_char
  lda TEN_SECONDS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda SECONDS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
  lda TICKS
  sta CLOCK_LAST
exit_clock:
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      update screen when new memory location is selected
;;
;;
new_address:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
 
  jsr lcd_cursor_on
 
 
print_address:
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr bintohex
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  jsr bintohex
 
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
 
print_data:
 
  ldy #$00
 
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr bintohex
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr print_char
 
message_end:
  jsr print   ; add second line (cursor) after re-writing the top line
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; display 8 bytes of data for a "block" of memory
;;
;;
block_address:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
 
  ldy #$00
 
print_block_address:
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr bintohex
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  jsr bintohex
 
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
print_block:
 
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr bintohex
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  iny
  cpy #$08
  bne print_block
 
 
block_message_end:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; re-draw line 2 cursor
;;
;;
print:
 
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
  ldy #0
line1:
  lda (MESSAGE_POINTER),y
  beq end_print
  jsr print_char
  iny
  jmp line1
 
end_print:
 
  rts
 
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - decrement the selected address 
;;
;;
decrement_address:
 
  sec
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  sbc #$01
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sbc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
dec_ok:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - increment the selected address 
;;
;;
 
increment_address:
 
  clc
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  adc #$01
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  bcc inc_ok
  inc DUMP_POINTER + 1
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
inc_ok:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - increment the selected block of  addresses by 8 
;;
;;
 
increment_block:
  clc
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  adc #$08
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  adc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - decrement the selected block of  addresses by 8 
;;
;;
 
decrement_block:
 
  sec
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  sbc #$08
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sbc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;          use last 4 entered ASCII characters from the keypad and convert 
;;          them to TWO 8-bit binary bytes in RAM
;;
;;
ascii_byte:
 
  lda ASCII + 1
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  clc
  asl
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta BYTE
 
  lda ASCII
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  ora BYTE
  sta BYTE
 
  lda ASCII + 3
  jsr ascii_bin
  clc
  asl
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta BYTE + 1
 
  lda ASCII + 2
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  ora BYTE + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    toggle the display/update of Clock on each appropriate keypress
;;
show_clock:
 
  bbs5 FLAGS, reset_bit5
  smb5 FLAGS
  jmp exit_show_clock
 
reset_bit5:
 
  rmb5 FLAGS
 
exit_show_clock:
 
  rts
  ;jmp debounce
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    toggle the automatic update view of the "8-byte memory block"
;;
show_block:
 
  bbs0 FLAGS, reset_bit0
  smb0 FLAGS
  jmp exit_show_block
 
reset_bit0:
 
  rmb0 FLAGS
 
exit_show_block:
 
  rts
  ;jmp debounce
 
;debounce:
;  ldx #$ff
;  ldy #$ff
;delay:
;  nop
;  dex
;  bne delay
;  dey
;  bne delay
;  rts  
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; INTERRUPT HANDLERS ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      CB1 : reset & restart timer
;;
 
cb1_handler:
  stz HUNDRED_HRS
  stz TEN_HRS
  stz TEN_MINUTES
  stz TEN_SECONDS
  stz HRS
  stz MINUTES
  stz SECONDS
 
  smb5 FLAGS
 
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;     CB2 : lap-time pause timer
;;
 
cb2_handler:
  jsr show_clock
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;                    MONITOR / KEYPAD 
;;
;;
 
keypad_handler:
 
  jsr get_key     ; READs from PORTA which also re-sets VIA's Interrupt flag
  sta INKEY       ; put the ASCII value of input into RAM ( $00 ) 
 
  lda PORTB_1       ; check for SHIFT/INSTRUCTION button
  and #%10000000
  beq check_keypress ; done this way to get around the limit in size of branch jumps....
  jmp handle_new_char
 
check_keypress:
  lda INKEY       
 
; choose action of "SHIFTed" key-press
check_a:
  cmp #'A'
  ; move up one memory address and display contents
  bne check_b     
  jsr increment_address
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_b:
  cmp #'B'
  ; move down one memory address and display contents
  bne check_c
  jsr decrement_address
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_c:
  cmp #'C'
  ; return to MONITOR
  bne check_d
  rmb5 FLAGS
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda #<splash
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>splash
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
 
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_d:
  cmp #'D'
  ; move monitor to entered 4-digit memory address
  bne check_e
  lda BYTE
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr new_address
  jsr print
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_e:
  cmp #'E'
  ; insert (POKE) byte of data in to current memory address, then increment to next address
  bne check_f
  lda BYTE
  ldy #$00
  sta (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr increment_address
  jsr new_address
  jsr print
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_f:
  cmp #'F'
  ; show 8-byte wide block of memory
  bne check_1
  ldy #$00
  lda BYTE
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_1:
  cmp #'1'
  ; show/auto-update clock
  bne check_3
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda #<emt
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>emt
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  smb5 FLAGS
 
  ;jsr show_clock
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_3:
  cmp #'3'
  bne check_6
  ldy #$00
  jsr increment_block
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_6:
  cmp #'6'
  bne check_9
  ldy #$00
  jsr decrement_block
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_9:
  cmp #'9'
  bne check_4
  jsr show_block
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_4:
  cmp #'4'
  bne check_5
  lda BYTE
  sta HEXB
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta HEXB + 1
  jsr byte_to_hex
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_5:
  cmp #'5'
  bne exit_key_irq
  jsr $3F00
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
 
handle_new_char:
  lda ASCII + 2
  sta ASCII + 3
  lda ASCII + 1
  sta ASCII + 2
  lda ASCII
  sta ASCII + 1
  lda INKEY       ; get the new ASCII keypress value and... 
  sta ASCII
  jsr print_char  ; and print it on LCD
 
  jsr ascii_byte  ; convert the rolling 4-byte ASCII character data into two binary bytes
 
exit_key_irq:
 
 
  jsr scan  ; re-enable keypad
 
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
nmi:
  rti
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    interrupt is triggered by HIGH edge on VIA CA1 pin
;;     PORTA low nibble (keypad columns) inputs are diode ORed to CA1
;;
 
irq:
; put registers on the stack while handling the IRQ
  pha
  phx
  phy
 
;  find responsible hardware
 
;  Is it VIA_1?
 
  lda IFR_1   ; if IFR_1 has Bit7 set (ie sign=NEGATIVE) then it IS the source of the interrupt
  bpl next_device ; if it's not set (ie sign=POSITIVE) then branch to test the next possible device
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; IFR Flags
;; B7  B6  B5  B4  B3  B2  B1  B0
;; IRQ TI1 TI2 CB1 CB2 SR CA1 CA2
;;
;; Interrupt source is found by sequentially shifting IFR bit left to put bit-of-interest into the CARRY place
;; and then branching based on whether CARRY is SET or not
;;
;; Only add tests for IRQ sources in use, and adjust the ASLs in each test as necessary
;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
test_timer1:
  asl           ; shift IFR left twice puts the TI1 bit into CARRY....
  asl
  bcc test_cb1  ; carry clear = next test
  bit T1CL_1      ; clear not clear = handle the TIMER interrupt
  jsr rtc
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_cb1:
  asl
  asl
  bcc test_cb2
  bit PORTB_1
  jsr cb1_handler
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_cb2:
  asl
  bcc test_ca1
  bit PORTB_1
  jsr cb2_handler
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_ca1:
  asl           ; shift CA1 bit into the CARRY bit & test
  asl
  bcc exit_irq        ; carry clear = leave
  jsr keypad_handler  ; carry not clear = handle the CA1 interrupt (keypad)
  jmp exit_irq
 
 
next_device:
 
exit_irq:
  ply
  plx
  pla
 
 
  rti
 
emt: .asciiz "hhh mm ss  MET"
splash: .asciiz "cmon> "
error_message: .asciiz "Not Decimal"
mem_pass_msg: .asciiz "RAM Test Pass"
mem_fail_msg_1: .asciiz "RAM Test 1 Fail"
mem_fail_msg_2: .asciiz "RAM Test 2 Fail"
 
; Reset/IRQ vectors
 
.segment "VECTORS"
 
 
  .word nmi
  .word reset
  .word irq

ioports.inc

  .code
 
; VIA_1 Port addresses
VIA_1     = $6000
PORTB_1   = VIA_1
PORTA_1   = VIA_1 + 1
DDRB_1    = VIA_1 + 2
DDRA_1    = VIA_1 + 3
T1CL_1    = VIA_1 + 4
T1CH_1    = VIA_1 + 5
T1LL_1    = VIA_1 + 6
T1LH_1    = VIA_1 + 7
T2CL_1    = VIA_1 + 8
T2CH_1    = VIA_1 + 9
SR_1      = VIA_1 + 10
ACR_1     = VIA_1 + 11
PCR_1     = VIA_1 + 12
IFR_1     = VIA_1 + 13
IER_1     = VIA_1 + 14
PORTA_NO_HS_1 = VIA_1 + 15
 
; VIA_2 Port addresses
VIA_2     = $5000
PORTB_2   = VIA_2
PORTA_2   = VIA_2 + 1
DDRB_2    = VIA_2 + 2
DDRA_2    = VIA_2 + 3
T1CL_2    = VIA_2 + 4
T1CH_2    = VIA_2 + 5
T1LL_2    = VIA_2 + 6
T1LH_2    = VIA_2 + 7
T2CL_2    = VIA_2 + 8
T2CH_2    = VIA_2 + 9
SR_2      = VIA_2 + 10
ACR_2     = VIA_2 + 11
PCR_2     = VIA_2 + 12
IFR_2     = VIA_2 + 13
IER_2     = VIA_2 + 14
PORTA_NO_HS_2 = VIA_2 + 15
 
; VIA_3 Port addresses
VIA_3     = $4800
PORTB_3   = VIA_3
PORTA_3   = VIA_3 + 1
DDRB_3    = VIA_3 + 2
DDRA_3    = VIA_3 + 3
T1CL_3    = VIA_3 + 4
T1CH_3    = VIA_3 + 5
T1LL_3    = VIA_3 + 6
T1LH_3    = VIA_3 + 7
T2CL_3    = VIA_3 + 8
T2CH_3    = VIA_3 + 9
SR_3      = VIA_3 + 10
ACR_3     = VIA_3 + 11
PCR_3     = VIA_3 + 12
IFR_3     = VIA_3 + 13
IER_3     = VIA_3 + 14
PORTA_NO_HS_3 = VIA_3 + 15
 
; ACIA_1 Port Addresses
ACIA_1    = $4400
S_TXRX_1  = ACIA_1      ; TXD / RXD
S_STA_1   = ACIA_1 + 1  ; Status
S_COM_1   = ACIA_1 + 2  ; Command
S_CON_1   = ACIA_1 + 3  ; Control
 
 
via_1_init:
 
  lda #%01000000
  sta ACR_1
  lda #$0E
  sta T1CL_1
  lda #$27
  sta T1CH_1
 
  lda #%11011010  ; T1, CA1 active
  sta IER_1
 
  lda #$01  ;  CA1 active high-transition 
  sta PCR_1
 
  lda #%01111111 ; Set all pins on port B to output except BIT 7 which is used for "SHIFT/INSTRUCTION"  button
  sta DDRB_1
  lda #%11110000 ; Set low-nibble pins on port A to input and high-nibble pins to output, for keypad
  sta DDRA_1
 
  rts

lcd.inc

 
 
  .code
 
; LCD Command masks
E  = %01000000
RW = %00100000
RS = %00010000
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;
;;                              LCD Functions 
;;
;;
;;
 
lcd_start:
  lda #%00101000 ; Set 4-bit mode; 2-line display; 5x8 font
  jsr lcd_instruction
  jsr lcd_entry_mode
  jsr lcd_cursor_off
  jsr lcd_clear
  rts
 
lcd_entry_mode:
  lda #%00000110 ; Increment and shift cursor; don't shift display
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_home:
  lda #%00000010 ; cursor HOME
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_clear:
  lda #%00000001 ; Clear display
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_cursor_off:
  lda #%00001100 ; Display on; cursor off; blink off
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_cursor_on:
  lda #%00001111 ; Display on; cursor on; blink on
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_line_2:
  lda #%10101001
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_wait:
  pha
  lda #%01110000  ; LCD data is input (don't change MSB BIT7, it has to stay ZERO for SHIFT Button input)
  sta DDRB_1
lcdbusy:
  lda #RW
  sta PORTB_1
  lda #(RW | E)
  sta PORTB_1
  lda PORTB_1     ; Read high nibble
  pha             ; and put on stack since it has the busy flag
  lda #RW
  sta PORTB_1
  lda #(RW | E)
  sta PORTB_1
  lda PORTB_1       ; Read low nibble
  pla             ; Get high nibble off stack
  and #%00001000
  bne lcdbusy
 
  lda #RW
  sta PORTB_1
  lda #%01111111  ; LCD data is output (don't change MSB BIT7, it has to stay ZERO for SHIFT Buttion input)
  sta DDRB_1
  pla
  rts
 
lcd_init:
  lda #%00000010 ; Set 4-bit mode : DO ONCE AT POWER UP
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E
  sta PORTB_1
  and #%00001111
  sta PORTB_1
  rts
 
lcd_instruction:
  jsr lcd_wait
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr            ; Send high 4 bits
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E         ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E         ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  pla
  and #%00001111 ; Send low 4 bits
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E         ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E         ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;   
;;        PRINT Characters on LCD - an ASCII value in Accumulator 
;;        is printed on the display
;;
 
print_char:
  jsr lcd_wait
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr             ; Send high 4 bits
  ora #RS         ; Set RS
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E          ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E          ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  pla
  and #%00001111  ; Send low 4 bits
  ora #RS         ; Set RS
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E          ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E          ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  rts

getkey.inc

 
  .code
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;
;;      READ THE 4x4 keypad using  VIA_1 PORTA 
;;
;;      Accumulator holds the ASCII value of the pressed key when it returns
;;
 
get_key:
readKeypad:
  ldx #$04        ; Row 4 - counting down
  ldy #%10000000  ;
ScanRow:
  sty PORTA_1
  lda PORTA_1
  and #%00001111  ; mask off keypad input - only low 4 (keypad column) bits are read
  cmp #$00
  bne Row_Found   ; non-zero means a row output has been connected via a switch to a column input
  dex             ; zero means it hasn't been found, so check next row down
  tya
  lsr
  tay
  cmp #%00001000
  bne ScanRow
  lda #$ff
  rts
Row_Found:
  stx TEMP ; store row
  ldy #$ff
FindCol:
  iny
  lsr
  bcc FindCol
  tya
  asl
  asl  ; col * 4
  clc
  adc TEMP ; add row 
  tax
  lda keypad_array,x
  rts
 
 
keypad_array: .byte "?DCBAF9630852E741"
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;  set ROW keypad outputs high as a source for triggering interrupt when a key is pressed
;;
;;
scan:
  ldy #%11110000
  sty PORTA_1
  rts

functions.inc

 
;.zeropage
;MESSAGE_POINTER = $20
;
;  .org $8000
  .code
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;          convert a binary number from Accumulator, in range 00000000 -> 11111111 ($00 to $FF)
;;          to its HEX number encode as ASCII -  using a simple lookup table and print it on LCD
;;
bintohex:
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  pla
  and #$0f
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
hexascii: .byte "0123456789ABCDEF"
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    convert a binary (hex) value in Accumulator into
;;    its ASCII equivalent character in decimal 0-99 and print it
;;    this converts hex/binary numbers from the RTC into human readable
;;    decimal for display on clock
 
 
bintoascii:
 
  cmp #10
  bmi single_figure
  asl
  tax
  lda binascii,x
  jsr print_char
 
  inx
 
  lda binascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
single_figure:
  asl
  tax
  inx
  lda binascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
 
binascii: .byte "00010203040506070809"
          .byte "10111213141516171819"
          .byte "20212223242526272829"
          .byte "30313233343536373839"
          .byte "40414243444546474849"
          .byte "50515253545556575859"
          .byte "60616263646566676869"
          .byte "70717273747576777879"
          .byte "80818283848586878889"
          .byte "90919293949596979899"
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Convert a decimal number entered at keypad into its
;;      HEX equivalent and display
;;
 
byte_to_hex:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda HEXB + 1
  and #$0f
  jsr bintohex
  lda HEXB
  jsr bintohex
  lda #'d'
  jsr print_char
  lda #'='
  jsr print_char
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
 
  lda HEXB ; lo byte
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  cmp #10
  bpl error
  jsr mult10
  sta TENS
  pla
  and #%00001111 ; UNITS
  cmp #10
  bpl print_error
;  jsr mult10
  clc
  adc TENS
  sta HEX
 
  lda HEXB + 1 ; hi byte
  and #%00001111
  cmp #10
  bpl print_error
  jsr mult10
  jsr mult10 ; hundreds
  adc HEX
 
  jsr bintohex
  jmp exit_byte_to_hex
 
error:
  pla
print_error:
  lda #<error_message
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>error_message
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  ;jsr lcd_cursor_off
  rts
 
exit_byte_to_hex:
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;  (A * 8) + (A * 2) = A * 10 
 
mult10:
  pha
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta TEMP2 ; A*8
  pla
  asl      ; A*2
  adc TEMP2 ; A*10
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; Convert the encoded ASCII character representing a hex digit to its actual binary value.
;;
;; e.g. Letter "A" in ASCII is $41 (0100001) but its "numerical" value as a hex digit is 
;; 10 ($0A = 10d = %00001010). 
;; 
;; We convert "A" in ASCII ($41) to a byte of numerical value 10 by subtracting $37
;; $41 - $37 = $0A (in decimal 65 - 55 = 10) and the result is a byte 00001010
;; The same is done for all characters representing upper case letters.
;;
;; Numbers are handled differently according to their place on the ASCII table.
;;
;; The ASCII representation of "9" is $39 (00111001) and to get a byte with a value of 9 we can simply
;; AND it with a mask of 00001111 to save only the lower 4 bits.
;;
 
ascii_bin:
  clc
  cmp #$41
  bmi ascii_bin_num   ; a CMP with $41, from a number character ($30 - $39), will set the negative flag
                      ; and the conversion is done by ANDing with $0F
 
ascii_bin_letter:    ; otherwise treat as a letter (A -> F) and the conversion is done by
  clc                ; subtracting $37
  sec
  sbc #$37
  jmp end_ascii_bin
 
ascii_bin_num:
  and #%00001111
 
end_ascii_bin:      ; Accumulator holds the numerical version of the ASCII character supplied
  rts

rtc.inc

 
 
 
 
  .code
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;                          RTC / Jiffy Tick
;;
 
 
 
rtc:
 
 
;;  RTC stores ticks at 10ms intervals into a 4-byte (32 bit) value
;;
;;  as each byte rolls over the next one is incremented
;;  on a tick that doesn't roll over the TIME OF DAY 
;;  is updated
 
  inc TICKS
  bne inc_MET
  inc TICKS + 1
  bne inc_MET
  inc TICKS + 2
  bne inc_MET
  inc TICKS + 3
 
;;
;;  Every time it's called we increment the "hundredths of a second" byte
;;
;;  When there's been 100 x 10ms (i.e. 1 second) we increment the seconds
;;
;;  When SECONDS reaches 60 we increment MINUTES and reset SECONDS to zero...
;;  etc... for HOURS, DAYS etc.
;;
;;  days/months years are handled too - although probably moot
;;
;;  this routine comes from http://wilsonminesco.com/6502interrupts/#2.1
;;
inc_MET:
  inc CENTISEC
  lda CENTISEC
  cmp #100
  bmi end_MET
  stz CENTISEC
 
  inc SECONDS
  lda SECONDS
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz SECONDS
  inc TEN_SECONDS
 
  lda TEN_SECONDS
  cmp #6
  bmi end_MET
  stz TEN_SECONDS
 
  inc MINUTES
  lda MINUTES
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz MINUTES
 
  inc TEN_MINUTES
  lda TEN_MINUTES
  cmp #6
  bmi end_MET
  stz TEN_MINUTES
 
  inc HRS
  lda HRS
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz HRS
 
  inc TEN_HRS
  lda TEN_HRS
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz TEN_HRS
 
  inc HUNDRED_HRS
 
end_MET:
  rts

— John Pumford-Green 05/09/22 14:23

Further Information

Update Sept 2022

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 11:12:24 +0000

←6502 Project

Update Sept 2022

Some recent modifications and additions

Hardware

2 more 65C22 VIA chips to give a total of 3 VIAs providing six 8-bit I/O ports.
- VIA #1 ($6001) : Port A = Keypad
- VIA #1 ($6000) : Port B = LCD_1 (4×20 in 4-bit mode)
  - VIA #1 : IRQ connection to CPU for keypad and CB1 & CB2 buttons
  - VIA #1 Port B handshaking CB1 and CB2 connected to debounced buttons for user input experiments
- VIA #2 ($5001) : Port A = Spare
- VIA #2 ($5000) : Port B = SPI (bit0,1,2,6), Piezo Sounder (bit7)
  - VIA #2 : T1 Timer = square wave generator for sounder using Port B bit7
- VIA #3 ($4801) : Port A = LCD_2 (2×16 in 4-bit mode)
- VIA #3 ($4800) : Port B = Spare
  - VIA #3 : T1 Timer = System Clock Ticks at 10ms rate via NMI connection to CPU
main LCD changed to a 4 line by 20 character display
2nd LCD (2 x 16) added on VIA #3 Port A
LED indicator plug-in boards made to give easy visual indication of VIA output port state
Piezo sounder connected to VIA #2 Port B, bit 7
SPI interfacing using VIA #2 Port B
Buttons for controlling interrupt driven events, each de-bounced with a 555 monostable
555 timer as a power-on CPU reset

Firmware

ROM Monitor code extended to support the new hardware.

SPI transceive to communicate with a basic SPI slave running on a PyBoard
LCD #2 display of either “Mission Time” or SPI TX/RX data to/from PyBoard
code to send audible beeps of different pitch/duration (controlled by the 2 buttons)
keypad - confirmation keypress beeps
Byte (binary) to ASCII decimal conversion to show 16-bit/2-byte binary data as a human readable decimal number
Use of FLAGS to control background tasks extended/explored

Next Steps

add Serial Interface using Rockwell 65C51 ACIA and MAX232
learn how to code for interacting via serial interface
connect to a Wyse-185 Serial Terminal
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2022-09-26]~~add DS1306 RTC via SPI~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2022-09-26]~~move system clock back to VIA_1 using IRQ interrupt~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2022-09-26]~~move beep to VIA_3 port B7~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2022-09-26]~~move SPI interface to VIA_3 port B, for future connection to DS1306 RTC~~
- this will leave :
  - VIA_2 ports A & B free for external use
  - VIA_3 Port A = LCD2
  - VIA_3 Port B = Beep and SPI/RTC

— John Pumford-Green 17/09/22 11:50

Further Information

6502, assembly

Explorations

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:42:09 +0000

←AllStar Linking

Explorations

Digging Deeper into Allstar

I've seen a few examples of small networks and am interested in building up a mixed protocol system too.

Some examples that interested me:

Milnet http://milnet.io/ with Allstar connected nodes and a DMR bridge
- Allstar node status http://stats.allstarlink.org/nodeinfo.cgi?node=424611
W2YMM https://w2ymm.home.blog/allstar-howto/ with a group of connected gateways, repeaters and a bridge to DMR etc.
- This one was discovered by accident on Allstar's Portal I mistyped my own original base node ID (pre-NNX) 48148 as 48418 and found his system with lots of information on his blog

Adding more nodes

It's possible to have up to 10 individual Node IDs with a single Allstar node number, by using NNX to add a 6th digit to the base node number…

My Base Number is 48148 and I activated the NNX feature and created 3 nodes

481480
481481
481482

Since they are all behind a NAT firewall, sharing one public IP address the nodes must use different UDP ports. To make this possible I created 2 new Server instances on the Allstar Portal, one per node, and chose the UDP ports :

https://www.allstarlink.org/portal/servers.php

node481480 ⇒ UDP 4569
node481481 ⇒ UDP 4570
node481482 ⇒ UDP 4571

The choice of which server is used per node is chosen on the Node configuration page for each node, on the Allstar Portal

https://www.allstarlink.org/portal/nodes.php

Then I flashed new SD cards for the new nodes using the ASL 2.0.0 Beta 6 image I've used for the initial VHF Gateway node.

https://github.com/AllStarLink/ASL-Live-Build/releases/download/2.0.0-beta.6/asl-2.0.0-beta.6-kc1kcc-20210324-raspberrypi-armhf.img.zip

The config. for the original node had to be changed, to reflect the new node number 481480 versus 48148 which means editing (at least)

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf
/etc/asterisk/iax.conf
/etc/asterisk.extensions.conf

To ensure each internal LAN node can find each other (can't rely on Allstar's DNS) it's necessary to add each one to the [nodes] stanza in each node's config file /etc/asterisk/rpt.conf using the appropriate IP and UDP port depending on which node is being configured.

; from the VHF Gateway node 481480
[nodes]
481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE      

481481 = radio@192.168.21.241:4570/481481,NONE  

481482 = radio@192.168.21.242:4571/481482,NONE

I added the DVSwitch bridging to the hub node 481481 which is configured as radioless, I made a local/private node on that machine 1399 for this purpose.

All 3 nodes have supermon and this needed some configuration to make sure the Asterisk Manager ports were available on their external interfaces bindaddr = 0.0.0.0 and not just on the loopback bindaddr = 127.0.0.1

/etc/asterisk/manager.conf ⇒

;
; Asterisk Call Management support
;

; By default asterisk will listen on localhost only.
[general]
enabled = yes
port = 5038
bindaddr = 0.0.0.0

[admin]
secret = YOUR_MANAGER_PASSWORD
read = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config
write = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config

Port Forwarding

My ADSL router has the following port forwards to allow external incoming connections to be set up

UDP 4569 ⇒ 192.168.21.240 for the VHF Gateway / Echolink node
UDP 4570 ⇒ 192.168.21.241 for the DMR Bridge node
UDP 4571 ⇒ 192.168.21.242 for the Test Node
UDP 5198-5199 ⇒ 192.168.21.240 for Echolink client connections
TCP 42110 ⇒ 192.168.21.240 for the VHF Gateway/Echolink node's Dashboard
- http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110
TCP 42111 ⇒ 192.168.21.241 for the DMR Bridge node's Dashboard
- http://gm4slv.plus.com:42111
TCP 42112 ⇒ 192.168.21.242 for the Test node's Dashboard
- http://gm4slv.plus.com:42112

To allow the node numbers to be resolved to useful names tp display on the dashboards the script astdb.php should run nightly to maintain a lookup table.

The image came with several copies of astdb.php in different places, all updating a central data file /var/log/asterisk/astdb.txt. Which was confusing, as they all looked in different places for the file detailing private nodes.

Private Node Names

To allow private node numbers to appear as useful information, rather than not in database you first put the information in a file privatenodes.txt

1399|GM4SLV|Bridge to DMR|TGIF TG2354429
1398|GM4SLV|Bridge to DMR|TGIF TG2354435

and then the astdb.php script pulls it in, with all the other nodes downloaded from the web, but astdb.php must know where to find the privatenodes.txt file.

The easiest way is to run the astdb.php from the directory containing privatenodes.txt

and therefore it's the copy in /var/www/html/supermon/ that is used, since privatenodes.txt resides here too.

To automate the process the update is done nightly via /etc/cron.daily/allstar_helpers which was modified to point to the correct version of astdb.php

#!/bin/bash
 
 
# Get new allmon data daily
/var/www/html/supermon/astdb.php

Semi-automated Private Node descriptions

I've written a small bash script on the gateway node481480.local to make it easier to re-name the internal “private nodes” as they appear listed in Supermon
for this to work it's necessary to arrange public-key authentication on the nodes, with passwordless logins. But that's normal, anyway, no?

#!/bin/bash
 
NODE1=node481480.local
NODE2=node481481.local
NODE3=node481482.local
WEB=/var/www/html/supermon/
 
PRIVATE_NODES=/home/gm4slv/privatenodes.txt
 
 
sudo cp $PRIVATE_NODES $WEB
sudo $WEB/astdb.php
 
 
scp $PRIVATE_NODES gm4slv@$NODE2:
ssh $NODE2 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/privatenodes.txt /var/www/html/supermon/ && /var/www/html/supermon/astdb.php'
 
 
scp $PRIVATE_NODES gm4slv@$NODE3:
ssh $NODE3 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/privatenodes.txt /var/www/html/supermon/ && /var/www/html/supermon/astdb.php'

Just make changes to the privatenodes.txt file in my local directory on the gateway node481480 and then run

gm4slv@node481480:~$ ./update_private.sh
Success: astdb.txt 1422647 bytes
privatenodes.txt                              100%   79    39.0KB/s   00:00
Success: astdb.txt 1422647 bytes
privatenodes.txt                              100%   79    24.9KB/s   00:00
Success: astdb.txt 1422647 bytes

Favourites

to keep the favorites.ini file consistent on all nodes I've written a script that distributes a copy to all nodes
I edit the copy in my home directory on node481480 and run

./update_favorites.sh

#!/bin/bash
# update_favorites.sh
# a script to keep the supermon favorites.ini file synchronized on all nodes
 
NODE1=node481480.local
NODE2=node481481.local
NODE3=node481482.local
WEB=/var/www/html/supermon/
 
FAVORITES=/home/gm4slv/favorites.ini
 
sudo cp $FAVORITES $WEB
 
scp $FAVORITES gm4slv@$NODE2:
ssh $NODE2 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/favorites.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'
 
scp $FAVORITES gm4slv@$NODE3:
ssh $NODE3 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/favorites.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'

Supermon : allmon.ini

The nodes monitored, and the menu to select them, and external websites, on each node's Supermon Dashboard is configured by allmon.ini

Here's the current version:

Generic /var/www/html/supermon/allmon.ini

[All Nodes]
nodes = 481480,481481,481482,1399,1398
menu = yes
system = Nodes
 
[481480]
host = 192.168.21.240:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
system = Nodes
 
[481481]
host = 192.168.21.241:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
system = Nodes
 
[481482]
host = 192.168.21.242:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
system = Nodes
 
[1399]
host = 192.168.21.241:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = yes
system = Nodes
 
[1398]
host = 192.168.21.242:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = yes
system = Nodes
 
[lsNodes 481480]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481480"
menu = yes
system = LsNodes
 
[lsNodes 481481]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42111/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481481"
menu = yes
system = LsNodes
 
[lsNodes 481482]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42112/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481482"
menu = yes
system = LsNodes
 
[Node 481840]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110/"
menu = yes
system = Dashboards
 
[Node 481841]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42111/"
menu = yes
system = Dashboards
 
[Node 481842]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42112/"
menu = yes
system = Dashboards
 
[GM4SLV Wiki]
url = "https://gm4slv.org.uk/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=start"
menu = yes
system = External Sites
 
[Echolink Link Status]
url = "https://echolink.org/links.jsp?d=1&gs=IP90gg&sel=gridsq"
menu = yes
system = External Sites
 
[TGIF]
url = "https://tgif.network/"
menu = yes
system = External Sites
 
[AllStarLink]
url = "http://www.allstarlink.org"
menu = yes
system = External Sites

I've also made it easy to distribute the same allmon.ini file to all nodes

#!/bin/bash
# update_allmon.sh
# a script to distribute a common supermon config to all nodes
 
NODE1=node481480.local
NODE2=node481481.local
NODE3=node481482.local
WEB=/var/www/html/supermon/
 
ALLMON=/home/gm4slv/allmon.ini
 
sudo cp $ALLMON $WEB
 
scp $ALLMON gm4slv@$NODE2:
ssh $NODE2 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/allmon.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'
 
scp $ALLMON gm4slv@$NODE3:
ssh $NODE3 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/allmon.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'

Node Callsigns instead of Numbers

To have the telemetry say the callsign of a connected node, instead of its node number, install the script write_node_callsigns_ulaw.sh

I put it in /usr/local/bin/ and run it via root's crontab each day - but via a wrapper script /usr/local/bin/update_names.sh that then deletes the ulaw sound file for my own nodes, as I don't want all of them to be announced as GM4SLV - I'd rather hear the actual node numbers:

#!/bin/bash
 
/usr/local/bin/write_node_callsigns_ulaw.sh
 
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/481480.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/481481.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/1399.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/1398.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/48148.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/481482.ulaw

I forget where I found it, so here's the write_node script itself

write_node_callsigns_ulaw.sh

#!/bin/bash
#
#  Created by Marshall Dias
#  Modified by Doug, WA3DSP 8/18/2015
#
# using ULAW format
#
# Script to write Calls to /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# which will then be used in place of node numbers. This script
# will NOT overwrite exisitng files unless you use the -o option.
# If you want to start clean and delete all nodename files do
#    rm -rf /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/*
# or delete just the files you want to replace.
#
# A single node number can be specified on the command line with
# the -n node -ex. -n 40000
#
# A -v option gives a little more info
 
# See all comments below
 
# Set the source directory to the Allstar database on your system.
# 'locate astdb.php'  This file will exist if you are running any of the
# images from hamvoip.org or you have installed allmon or lsnodes on
# your system. For the BBB and RPi2 it will generally be /var/log/asterisk
 
SRCDIR=/var/log/asterisk
#SRCDIR=/var/www/html/allmon
 
# Set the destination directory.
# Use a tmp directory for testing
# The final destination for Allstar would be
# /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# Use the -d path option to overide
 
DESTDIR=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# Test destination directory - must exist
#DESTDIR=/tmp/nodes
 
# Definitions of sound file directories
 
NODENAMES=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
LETTERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/letters
NUMBERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/digits
STRING=""
 
usage()
{
cat << EOF
 
Usage: $0 options
 
Writes voice files of call signs from node numbers
 
OPTIONS:
   -h        Show this message
   -o        Overwrite existings file(s)
   -n node   Specify node number - single write
   -d path   Specify path to output files
             Default: /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
   -v        Verbose
 
Write callsign for node 40000, no overwrite -
 
  $0 -n 40000
 
Write callsign for node 40000, overwrite -
 
  $0 -on 40000
 
Write all callsigns, no overwrite -
 
  $0
 
Write all callsigns, overwrite
 
  $0 -o
 
Write single node to specific directory -
 
  $0 -n 40000 -d /etc/asterisk/local
 
 
EOF
}
 
OVERWRITE=""
VERBOSE=""
 
while getopts "hovn:d:" OPTION
do
     case $OPTION in
         h)
             usage
             exit 1
             ;;
         d)
             DESTDIR=$OPTARG
             ;;
         o)
             OVERWRITE=1
             ;;
         n)
             node=$OPTARG
             ;;
         v)
             VERBOSE=1
             ;;
         ?)
             usage
             exit
             ;;
     esac
done
 
# Form filenames from callsign
make_call ()
{
 STRING=""
 foo=${f2,,}
 for (( i=0; i<${#foo}; i++ )); do
  char=${foo:$i:1}
 
                case ${foo:$i:1} in
                [0-9]*) FILENAME=$NUMBERS/$char.ulaw ;;
                "/") FILENAME=$LETTERS/slash.ulaw ;;
                "-") FILENAME=$LETTERS/dash.ulaw ;;
                [a-z]*|[A-Z]*) FILENAME=$LETTERS/$char.ulaw ;;
                esac
STRING="$STRING $FILENAME"
done
}
 
# Concatenate filenames into final audio file
write_call ()
{
if [ ! $OVERWRITE ]
 then
   if [ -f "$DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw" ]
     then
        echo "$DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw exists - not overwriting"
        return
   fi
fi
echo "Writing $DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw"
cat $STRING > "$DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw"
}
 
# If no node given process all nodes
if [ -z "$node" ]
then
  while IFS='|' read f1 f2 f3 f4
  do
    if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $f1 - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
    make_call
    write_call
  done < $SRCDIR/astdb.txt
else
# process just given node
  CALL=`grep -m 1 $node $SRCDIR/astdb.txt`
  if [ -z "$CALL" ]
    then
      echo "No Call found for node - $1"
      exit
    else
      f2=`echo $CALL | awk -F"|" '{print $2}'`
  fi
  f1=$node
  if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $node - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
  make_call
  write_call
fi

There's a version that uses GSM coded files which didn't work on my system, as all the numbers and letters are in ulaw format, but for completeness here's the gsm version

write_node_callsigns.sh

# !/bin/bash
#
#  write_node_callsigns.sh v0.8
#
#  Doug, WA3DSP 8/18/2015
#  Portions by Marshall Dias
#
# Script to write Calls to /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# which will then be used in place of node numbers. This script
# will NOT overwrite exisitng files unless you use the -o option.
# If you want to start clean and delete all nodename files do
#    rm -rf /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/*
# or delete just the files you want to replace.
#
# A single node number can be specified on the command line with
# the -n node -ex. -n 40000
#
# A -v option gives a little more info   
#
# v 0.7 - removed level changing as this is accomplished in 
#         global telemetry level parameters. Files should
#         stay at nominal levels.
 
# V 0.8 - added code to ignore semicolon comments.  6/5/2020, WA3DSP
 
# See all comments below
 
# Set the source directory to the Allstar database on your system.
# 'locate astdb.php'  This file will exist if you are running any of the
# images from hamvoip.org or you have installed allmon or lsnodes on
# your system. For the BBB and RPi2 it will generally be /var/log/asterisk
 
SRCDIR=/var/log/asterisk
 
# Set the destination directory. 
# Use a tmp directory for testing
# The final destination for Allstar would be 
# /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# Use the -d path option to overide
 
DESTDIR=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames 
# Test destination directory - must exist
#DESTDIR=/tmp/nodes
 
# Definitions of sound file directories
 
RPTSOUNDS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt
NODENAMES=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
LETTERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/letters
NUMBERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/digits
STRING=""
 
 
usage()
{
cat << EOF
 
write_node_callsigns.sh v0.8
Usage: write_node_callsigns.sh options
 
Writes Asterisk Allstar voice files of call signs from node numbers
 
OPTIONS:
 
   -h        Show this message
   -a        Process all nodes
   -i        Include node number with call
   -o        Overwrite existing file(s)
   -n node   Process single node (overrides -a)
   -d path   Specify path to output files
             Default: /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
   -v        Verbose
 
Write callsign for node 40000, no overwrite, all nodes -
    $0 -n 40000
Write callsign for node 40000, overwrite, all nodes -
    $0 -on 40000
Write all callsigns, no overwrite -
    $0 -a
Write all callsigns, overwrite
    $0 -ao
Write single node to specific directory -
    $0 -n 40000 -d /etc/asterisk/local
Write single node including both call and node number, overwrite
    $0 -ion 40000
 
EOF
}
 
OVERWRITE=""
VERBOSE=""
INCNODE=""
VOLUME=""
 
if [ $# -eq 0 ];
then
    usage
    exit 0
fi
 
if [ ! -e $SRCDIR/astdb.txt ]
then
  echo "$SRCDIR/astdb.txt not found - Be sure to point SRCDIR in script to file location."
  exit
fi
 
while getopts "hail:ovn:d:" OPTION
do
     case $OPTION in
         h)
             usage
             exit 1
             ;;
	 a)  ;;
	 d)
	     DESTDIR=$OPTARG
	     ;;
	 i)
	     INCNODE=1
	     ;;
         o)  
	     OVERWRITE=1
             ;;
         n)
             node=$OPTARG
             ;;
         v)
             VERBOSE=1
             ;;
         ?)
             usage
             exit
             ;;
     esac
done
 
# Form filenames from callsign
make_call ()
{
 foo=${1,,}
 for (( i=0; i<${#foo}; i++ )); do
  char=${foo:$i:1}
 
                case ${foo:$i:1} in
                [0-9]*) FILENAME=$NUMBERS/$char.gsm ;;
                "/") FILENAME=$LETTERS/slash.gsm ;;
                "-") FILENAME=$LETTERS/dash.gsm ;;
                [a-z]*|[A-Z]*) FILENAME=$LETTERS/$char.gsm ;;
                esac
STRING="$STRING $FILENAME"
done
}
 
# Concatenate filenames into final audio file
write_call ()
{
if [ ! $OVERWRITE ]
 then
   if [ -f "$DESTDIR/$f1.gsm" ]
     then
        echo "$DESTDIR/$f1.gsm exists - not overwriting"
	return
   fi
fi
 
echo "Writing $DESTDIR/$f1.gsm"
    cat $STRING > $DESTDIR/$f1.gsm
}
 
# If no node given process all nodes
if [ -z "$node" ]
then
  Total=0
  while IFS='|' read f1 f2 f3 f4
  do      
    if [[ $f1 =~ ^\; ]]; then continue ; fi
    if [ -z $f1 ]; then continue ; fi
    if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $f1 - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
    ((Total=Total+1))
    STRING=""
    make_call $f2
# Test for including node number 
   if [ $INCNODE ]
    then
     STRING=$STRING" $RPTSOUNDS/node.gsm "
     make_call $f1
    fi
    write_call
  done < $SRCDIR/astdb.txt
  echo -e "\nProcessed $Total Nodes\n"
else
# process just given node (-n node)
  CALL=`grep -m 1 $node $SRCDIR/astdb.txt`
  if [ -z "$CALL" ]
    then
      echo "No Call found for node - $1"
      exit
    else
      f2=`echo $CALL | awk -F"|" '{print $2}'`
  fi
  f1=$node
  if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $node - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
  STRING=""
  make_call $f2
# Test for including node number  
  if [ $INCNODE ]
  then
    STRING=$STRING" $RPTSOUNDS/node.gsm "
    make_call $f1
  fi
  write_call
fi

I only have this on the node that's my VHF Gateway 481480

Nodes Created

See : The Nodes

Accessing remotely via IAX

See IAX Remote Access

Morse / Speech IDs

See Over the air ID

Bridges

DMR : DMR Bridging
NXDN : NXDN Bridging

Configs

— John Pumford-Green 05/06/25 22:30 BST

Further Information

radio, allstar, dvswitch, dmr, echolink

MB7AZE SvxLink Config

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←SVXLink

MB7AZE is now QRT and the NoV has expired.

The following is for historical interest only….

MB7AZE SvxLink Config

Main config file

svxlink.conf

svxlink.conf

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
#                Configuration file for the SvxLink server                    #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################
 
[GLOBAL]
#MODULE_PATH=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/svxlink
LOGICS=SimplexLogic,ReflectorLogic
CFG_DIR=svxlink.d
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT="%c"
CARD_SAMPLE_RATE=48000
#CARD_CHANNELS=1
LOCATION_INFO=LocationInfo
LINKS=LinkToReflector
 
[SimplexLogic]
TYPE=Simplex
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleParrot
CALLSIGN=MB7AZE
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=15
SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE=1
SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
LONG_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=1
CW_AMP=-20
CW_PITCH=1000
CW_WPM=20
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
#REPORT_CTCSS=77.0
TX_CTCSS=ALWAYS
MACROS=Macros
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
ONLINE_CMD=998877
#MUTE_RX_ON_TX=1
#MUTE_TX_ON_RX=1
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/simplex_dtmf_ctrl
TIME_FORMAT=24
RGR_SOUND_ALWAYS=1
 
[RepeaterLogic]
TYPE=Repeater
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleTclVoiceMail
CALLSIGN=MYCALL
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=10
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
REPORT_CTCSS=136.5
#TX_CTCSS=SQL_OPEN
MACROS=Macros
#SEL5_MACRO_RANGE=03400,03499
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
#NO_REPEAT=1
IDLE_TIMEOUT=30
OPEN_ON_1750=1000
#OPEN_ON_CTCSS=136:2000
#OPEN_ON_DTMF=*
#OPEN_ON_SQL=5000
#OPEN_ON_SEL5=01234
#OPEN_SQL_FLANK=OPEN
#OPEN_ON_SQL_AFTER_RPT_CLOSE=10
IDLE_SOUND_INTERVAL=3000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MIN_TIME=1000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MAX_COUNT=10
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#IDENT_NAG_TIMEOUT=15
#IDENT_NAG_MIN_TIME=2000
#ONLINE_CMD=998877
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/repeater_dtmf_ctrl
 
[ReflectorLogic]
TYPE=Reflector
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
HOSTS="put the right server address in here"
HOST_PORT=5300
CALLSIGN=MB7AZE
AUTH_KEY="put the right password in here"
JITTER_BUFFER_DELAY=0
DEFAULT_TG=0
MONITOR_TGS=8,91,235,2350,2351,23520,23590,23561
TG_SELECT_TIMEOUT=60
ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL=300
MUTE_FIRST_TX_LOC=0
MUTE_FIRST_TX_REM=0
TMP_MONITOR_TIMEOUT=3600
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
NODE_INFO_FILE=/usr/local/etc/svxlink/node_info.json
 
[LinkToReflector]
CONNECT_LOGICS=SimplexLogic:9:,ReflectorLogic
DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#AUTOACTIVATE_ON_SQL=RepeaterLogic
OPTIONS=DEFAULT_CONNECT,NO_DISCONNECT
 
[QsoRecorder]
REC_DIR=/var/spool/svxlink/qso_recorder
#MIN_TIME=1000
MAX_TIME=3600
SOFT_TIME=300
MAX_DIRSIZE=1024
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#QSO_TIMEOUT=300
#ENCODER_CMD=/usr/bin/oggenc -Q \"%f\" && rm \"%f\"
 
[Voter]
TYPE=Voter
RECEIVERS=Rx1,Rx2,Rx3
VOTING_DELAY=200
BUFFER_LENGTH=0
#REVOTE_INTERVAL=1000
#HYSTERESIS=50
#SQL_CLOSE_REVOTE_DELAY=500
#RX_SWITCH_DELAY=500
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/voter_ctrl
 
[MultiTx]
TYPE=Multi
TRANSMITTERS=Tx1,Tx2,Tx3
 
[NetRx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.rx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[NetTx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.tx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[Rx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
SQL_DET=CTCSS
SQL_START_DELAY=0
SQL_DELAY=0
SQL_HANGTIME=200
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME=1000
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME_THRESH=15
#SQL_TIMEOUT=600
VOX_FILTER_DEPTH=20
VOX_THRESH=1000
#CTCSS_MODE=2
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
#CTCSS_SNR_OFFSET=0
#CTCSS_OPEN_THRESH=15
#CTCSS_CLOSE_THRESH=9
#CTCSS_BPF_LOW=60
#CTCSS_BPF_HIGH=270
#SERIAL_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0
#SERIAL_PIN=CTS
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=
#EVDEV_DEVNAME=/dev/input/by-id/usb-SYNIC_SYNIC_Wireless_Audio-event-if03
#EVDEV_OPEN=1,163,1
#EVDEV_CLOSE=1,163,0
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#GPIO_SQL_PIN=gpio25
#PTY_PATH=/tmp/rx1_sql
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_SQL_PIN=!VOL_DN
#SIGLEV_DET=NOISE
SIGLEV_SLOPE=1
SIGLEV_OFFSET=0
#SIGLEV_BOGUS_THRESH=120
#TONE_SIGLEV_MAP=100,84,60,50,37,32,28,23,19,8
SIGLEV_OPEN_THRESH=30
SIGLEV_CLOSE_THRESH=10
DEEMPHASIS=1
#SQL_TAIL_ELIM=300
PREAMP=-0.5
#PEAK_METER=1
DTMF_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
DTMF_MUTING=1
DTMF_HANGTIME=40
DTMF_SERIAL=/dev/ttyS0
#DTMF_PTY=/tmp/rx1_dtmf
#DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST=8
#DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST=4
#1750_MUTING=1
#SEL5_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
#SEL5_TYPE=ZVEI1
#FQ=433475000
#MODULATION=FM
#WBRX=WbRx1
 
[WbRx1]
#TYPE=RtlUsb
#DEV_MATCH=0
#HOST=localhost
#PORT=1234
#CENTER_FQ=435075000
#FQ_CORR=0
#GAIN=0
#PEAK_METER=1
#SAMPLE_RATE=960000
 
[Tx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
PTT_TYPE=Hidraw
#PTT_PORT=/dev/ttyS0
#PTT_PIN=HIDRAW
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_PTT_PIN=GPIO3
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=DTR!RTS
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#PTT_HANGTIME=1000
TIMEOUT=300
TX_DELAY=500
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
CTCSS_LEVEL=20
PREEMPHASIS=1
DTMF_TONE_LENGTH=100
DTMF_TONE_SPACING=50
DTMF_DIGIT_PWR=-15
MASTER_GAIN=-3.5
 
[LocationInfo]
APRS_SERVER_LIST=euro.aprs2.net:14580
STATUS_SERVER_LIST=aprs.echolink.org:5199
LON_POSITION=1.25.30W
LAT_POSITION=60.17.18N
CALLSIGN=EL-MB7AZE
FREQUENCY=430.050
TX_POWER=1
ANTENNA_GAIN=0
ANTENNA_HEIGHT=1m
ANTENNA_DIR=-1
#PATH=WIDE1-1
BEACON_INTERVAL=60
TONE=77
COMMENT=Connected to UK Svx Reflector
 
[Macros]
1=EchoLink:9999#
2=EchoLink:973498#
3=EchoLink:662666#
4=:91235#
5=:9123561#
9=:910#

Audio levels

Devcal

Use the devcal program to set RX and TX audio levels.

This allows adjustment of alsamixer settings and then for fine tuning adjustment of PRE-AMP (for RX) and MASTER GAIN (for TX) config options to set the correct audio level INPUT on RX and deviation on TX.

Once the correct PRE-AMP or MASTER GAIN values have been determined in DEVCAL they are added to the relevant sections in svxlink.conf

To use DEVCAL first sudo killall svxlink

For Receive audio input:

sudo devcal -r -m=3000 -d=3000 /usr/local/etc/svxlink/svxlink.conf Rx1

Inject a signal to the radio @ ±3kHz deviation Adjust audio input level via

radio volume control
alsamixer Mic Capture level
devcal +/- to adjust PRE-AMP setting

until the displayed deviation agrees with the input signal's deviation.

Quit devcal

Transfer the displayed PRE-AMP value to the conf file.

For Transmit audio output

Monitor TX deviation

sudo devcal -t -m=3000 -d=3000 /usr/local/etc/svxlink/svxlink.conf Tx1

Toggle TX with T

Adjust

Alsamixer output
devcal +/-

to achieve ±3kHz TX deviation.

Turn off TX with T

Quit devcal

Copy the displayed MASTER GAIN value to the conf file.

sudo alsactl store

to save current mixer levels.

To prevent Echolink incoming connections while a Talkgroup is active

Uncomment :

proc tg_selected {new_tg old_tg} {
  puts "### tg_selected #$new_tg (old #$old_tg)"
  # Reject incoming Echolink connections while a talkgroup is active
  if {$new_tg != 0} {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^.*$"
  } else {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^$"
  }
}

in /usr/local/share/svxlink/events.d/local/ReflectorLogic.tcl

<svxinstall>/events.d/local/

Here are the 3 files containing tweaks to the standard behaviour.

Editing the original files (in events.d/) would work, but would get overwritten if the software is upgraded/re-installed. Putting local copies in events.d/local means the changes survive upgrades etc.

The actual path is:

/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.d/local/

I'll try to document what is different once I refresh my memory.

ReflectorLogic.tcl

###############################################################################
#
# ReflectorLogic event handlers
#
###############################################################################

#
# This is the namespace in which all functions below will exist. The name
# must match the corresponding section "[ReflectorLogic]" in the configuration
# file. The name may be changed but it must be changed in both places.
#
namespace eval ReflectorLogic {
 
# The currently selected TG. Variable set from application.
variable selected_tg 0

# The previously selected TG. Variable set from application.
variable previous_tg 0

# Timestamp for previous TG announcement
variable prev_announce_time 0

# The previously announced TG
variable prev_announce_tg 0

# The minimum time between announcements of the same TG.
# Change through ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL config variable.
variable announce_remote_min_interval 0

# This variable will be set to 1 if the QSY pending feature ("QSY on squelch
# activity") is active. See configuration variable QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT.
variable qsy_pending_active 0

#
# Checking to see if this is the correct logic core
#
if {$logic_name != [namespace tail [namespace current]]} {
  return;
}

 
#
# Executed when an unknown command is received
#   cmd - The command string
#
proc unknown_command {cmd} {
  Logic::unknown_command $cmd;
}

 
#
# Executed when a received command fails
#
proc command_failed {cmd} {
  Logic::command_failed $cmd;
}

 
#
# Executed when manual TG announcement is triggered
#
proc report_tg_status {} {
  variable selected_tg
  variable previous_tg
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
  playSilence 100
  if {$selected_tg > 0} {
    set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
    set prev_announce_tg $selected_tg
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $selected_tg
  } else {
    playMsg "Core" "previous"
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $previous_tg
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected
# This function is called immediately when a change in talkgroup selection
# occurs. In constrast, the other more specific talkgroup selection event
# functions below is called with a delay in order to make announcement ordering
# more logical.
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_selected {new_tg old_tg} {
  puts "### tg_selected #$new_tg (old #$old_tg)"
  # Reject incoming Echolink connections while a talkgroup is active
  if {$new_tg != 0} {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^.*$"
  } else {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^$"
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to local activity
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_local_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
  variable selected_tg
 
  puts "### tg_local_activation"
  if {$new_tg != $old_tg} {
    set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
    set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
    playSilence 100
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $new_tg
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to remote activity
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_remote_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
  variable announce_remote_min_interval
 
  puts "### tg_remote_activation"
  set now [clock seconds];
  if {($new_tg == $prev_announce_tg) && \
      ($now - $prev_announce_time < $announce_remote_min_interval)} {
    return;
  }
  if {$new_tg != $old_tg} {
    set prev_announce_time $now
    set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
    playSilence 100
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $new_tg
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to remote activity on a prioritized
# monitored talk group while a lower prio talk group is selected
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_remote_prio_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  tg_remote_activation $new_tg $old_tg
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected by DTMF command
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_command_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
 
  puts "### tg_command_activation"
  set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
  set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
  spellNumber $new_tg
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to DEFAULT_TG configuration
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_default_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  #variable prev_announce_time
  #variable prev_announce_tg
  #variable selected_tg
  puts "### tg_default_activation"
  #if {$new_tg != $old_tg} {
  #  set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
  #  set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
  #  playSilence 100
  #  playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
  # spellNumber $new_tg
  #}
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request have been acted upon
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_qsy {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
 
  puts "### tg_qsy"
  set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
  set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
  #playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
  spellNumber $new_tg
}

 
#
# Executed when a QSY is followed due to squelch open (see QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT)
#
#   tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#
proc tg_qsy_on_sql {tg} {
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request fails
#
# A TG QSY may fail for primarily two reasons, either no talk group is
# currently active or there is no connection to the reflector server.
#
proc tg_qsy_failed {} {
  puts "### tg_qsy_failed"
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
  playSilence 200
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed"
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request is pending
#
# tg -- The talk group requested in the QSY
#
proc tg_qsy_pending {tg} {
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
  spellNumber $tg
  playMsg "Core" "pending"
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request is ignored
#
# tg -- The talk group requested in the QSY
#
proc tg_qsy_ignored {tg} {
  variable qsy_pending_active
  playSilence 100
  if {!$qsy_pending_active} {
    playMsg "Core" "qsy"
    spellNumber $tg
  }
  playMsg "Core" "ignored"
  playSilence 500
  playTone 880 200 50
  playTone 659 200 50
  playTone 440 200 50
  playSilence 100
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG selection has timed out
#
#   new_tg -- Always 0
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_selection_timeout {new_tg old_tg} {
  puts "### tg_selection_timeout"
  if {$old_tg != 0} {
    playSilence 50
    playTone 880 200 50
    playTone 659 200 50
    playTone 440 200 50
    playSilence 50
#  } else {
#    playSilence 50
#    playTone 440 200 150
#    playSilence 50
 
}
}

#
# Executed on talker start
#
#   tg        -- The talk group
#   callsign  -- The callsign of the talker node
#
proc talker_start {tg callsign} {
  #puts "### Talker DID start on TG #$tg: $callsign"
}

 
#
# Executed on talker stop
#
#   tg        -- The talk group
#   callsign  -- The callsign of the talker node
#
proc talker_stop {tg callsign} {
  variable selected_tg
  variable ::Logic::CFG_CALLSIGN
  #puts "### Talker DID stop on TG #$tg: $callsign"
  if {($tg == $selected_tg) && ($callsign != $::Logic::CFG_CALLSIGN)} {
    playSilence 100
    playTone 440 200 50
    playTone 659 200 50
    playTone 880 200 50
    playSilence 100
  }
}

 
#
# A talk group was added for temporary monitoring
#
#   tg -- The added talk group
#
proc tmp_monitor_add {tg} {
  puts "### tmp_monitor_add: $tg"
  playSilence 50
  playMsg "Default" "activating"
  playMsg "Core" "monitor"
  spellNumber $tg
}

 
#
# A talk group was removed from temporary monitoring
#
#   tg -- The removed talk group
#
proc tmp_monitor_remove {tg} {
  puts "### tmp_monitor_remove: $tg"
  playSilence 50
  playMsg "Default" "deactivating"
  playMsg "Core" "monitor"
  spellNumber $tg
}
 
 
if [info exists ::Logic::CFG_ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL] {
  set announce_remote_min_interval $::Logic::CFG_ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL
}
 
if [info exists ::Logic::CFG_QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT] {
  if {$::Logic::CFG_QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT > 0} {
    set qsy_pending_active 1
  }
}

 
# end of namespace
}

 
#
# This file has not been truncated
#

Logic.tcl

###############################################################################
#
# Generic Logic event handlers
#
###############################################################################

#
# This is the namespace in which all functions and variables below will exist.
#
namespace eval Logic {
 
 
#
# A variable used to store a timestamp for the last identification.
#
variable prev_ident 0;
 
#
# A constant that indicates the minimum time in seconds to wait between two
# identifications. Manual and long identifications is not affected.
#
variable min_time_between_ident 120;
 
#
# Short and long identification intervals. They are setup from config
# variables below.
#
variable short_ident_interval 0;
variable long_ident_interval 0;
 
variable short_voice_id_enable  1
variable short_cw_id_enable     0
variable short_announce_enable  0
variable short_announce_file    ""
 
variable long_voice_id_enable   1
variable long_cw_id_enable      0
variable long_announce_enable   0
variable long_announce_file     ""

#
# The ident_only_after_tx variable indicates if identification is only to
# occur after the node has transmitted. The variable is setup below from the
# configuration variable with the same name.
# The need_ident variable indicates if identification is needed.
#
variable ident_only_after_tx 0;
variable need_ident 0;
 
#
# List of functions that should be called periodically. Use the
# addMinuteTickSubscriber and addSecondTickSubscriber functions to
# add subscribers.
#
variable minute_tick_subscribers [list];
variable second_tick_subscribers [list];
 
#
# Contains the ID of the last receiver that indicated squelch activity
#
variable sql_rx_id "?";
 
#
# Executed when the SvxLink software is started
#
proc startup {} {
  #playMsg "Core" "online"
  #send_short_ident
}

 
#
# Executed when a specified module could not be found
#   module_id - The numeric ID of the module
#
proc no_such_module {module_id} {
  playMsg "Core" "no_such_module";
  playNumber $module_id;
}

 
#
# Executed when a manual identification is initiated with the * DTMF code
#
proc manual_identification {} {
  global mycall;
  global report_ctcss;
  global active_module;
  global loaded_modules;
  variable CFG_TYPE;
  variable prev_ident;
 
  set epoch [clock seconds];
  set hour [clock format $epoch -format "%k"];
  regexp {([1-5]?\d)$} [clock format $epoch -format "%M"] -> minute;
  set prev_ident $epoch;
 
  playMsg "Core" "online";
  spellWord $mycall;
  if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
    playMsg "Core" "repeater";
  }
  playSilence 250;
  playMsg "Core" "the_time_is";
  playTime $hour $minute;
  playSilence 250;
  if {$report_ctcss > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "pl_is";
    playFrequency $report_ctcss
    playSilence 300;
  }
  if {$active_module != ""} {
    playMsg "Core" "active_module";
    playMsg $active_module "name";
    playSilence 250;
    set func "::";
    append func $active_module "::status_report";
    if {"[info procs $func]" ne ""} {
      $func;
    }
  } else {
    foreach module [split $loaded_modules " "] {
      set func "::";
      append func $module "::status_report";
      if {"[info procs $func]" ne ""} {
	$func;
      }
    }
  }
  #playMsg "Default" "press_0_for_help"
  #playSilence 250;
}

 
#
# Executed when a short identification should be sent
#   hour    - The hour on which this identification occur
#   minute  - The minute on which this identification occur
#
proc send_short_ident {{hour -1} {minute -1}} {
  global mycall;
  variable CFG_TYPE;
  variable short_announce_file
  variable short_announce_enable
  variable short_voice_id_enable
  variable short_cw_id_enable

  # Play voice id if enabled
  if {$short_voice_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing short voice ID"
    spellWord $mycall;
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      playMsg "Core" "repeater";
    }
    playSilence 500;
  }

  # Play announcement file if enabled
  if {$short_announce_enable} {
    puts "Playing short announce"
    if [file exist "$short_announce_file"] {
      playFile "$short_announce_file"
      playSilence 500
    }
  }

  # Play CW id if enabled
  if {$short_cw_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing short CW ID"
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      set call "$mycall/R"
      CW::play $call
    } else {
      CW::play $mycall
    }
    playSilence 500;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a long identification (e.g. hourly) should be sent
#   hour    - The hour on which this identification occur
#   minute  - The minute on which this identification occur
#
proc send_long_ident {hour minute} {
  global mycall;
  global loaded_modules;
  global active_module;
  variable CFG_TYPE;
  variable long_announce_file
  variable long_announce_enable
  variable long_voice_id_enable
  variable long_cw_id_enable

  # Play the voice ID if enabled
  if {$long_voice_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing Long voice ID"
    spellWord $mycall;
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      playMsg "Core" "repeater";
    }
    playSilence 500;
    playMsg "Core" "the_time_is";
    playSilence 100;
    playTime $hour $minute;
    playSilence 500;
 
    # Call the "status_report" function in all modules if no module is active
    if {$active_module == ""} {
      foreach module [split $loaded_modules " "] {
        set func "::";
        append func $module "::status_report";
        if {"[info procs $func]" ne ""} {
          $func;
        }
      }
    }
 
    playSilence 500;
  }

  # Play announcement file if enabled
  if {$long_announce_enable} {
    puts "Playing long announce"
    if [file exist "$long_announce_file"] {
      playFile "$long_announce_file"
      playSilence 500
    }
  }

  # Play CW id if enabled
  if {$long_cw_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing long CW ID"
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      set call "$mycall/R"
      CW::play $call
    } else {
      CW::play $mycall
    }
    playSilence 100
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the squelch have just closed and the RGR_SOUND_DELAY timer has
# expired.
#
proc send_rgr_sound {} {
  variable sql_rx_id
 
  if {$sql_rx_id != "?"} {
    # 150 CPM, 1000 Hz, -4 dBFS
    CW::play $sql_rx_id 150 1000 -4
    set sql_rx_id "?"
  } else {
    playTone 440 500 100
  }
  playSilence 100
}

 
#
# Executed when an empty macro command (i.e. D#) has been entered.
#
proc macro_empty {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when an entered macro command could not be found
#
proc macro_not_found {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a macro syntax error occurs (configuration error).
#
proc macro_syntax_error {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when the specified module in a macro command is not found
# (configuration error).
#
proc macro_module_not_found {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when the activation of the module specified in the macro command
# failed.
#
proc macro_module_activation_failed {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a macro command is executed that requires a module to
# be activated but another module is already active.
#
proc macro_another_active_module {} {
  global active_module;
 
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
  playMsg "Core" "active_module";
  playMsg $active_module "name";
}

 
#
# Executed when an unknown DTMF command is entered
#   cmd - The command string
#
proc unknown_command {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "Core" "unknown_command";
}

 
#
# Executed when an entered DTMF command failed
#   cmd - The command string
#
proc command_failed {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a link to another logic core is activated.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc activating_link {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "activating_link_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a link to another logic core is deactivated.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc deactivating_link {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "deactivating_link_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to deactivate a link to another logic core but the
# link is not currently active.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc link_not_active {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "link_not_active_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to activate a link to another logic core but the
# link is already active.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc link_already_active {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "link_already_active_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed each time the transmitter is turned on or off
#   is_on - Set to 1 if the transmitter is on or 0 if it's off
#
proc transmit {is_on} {
  #puts "Turning the transmitter $is_on";
  variable prev_ident;
  variable need_ident;
  if {$is_on && ([clock seconds] - $prev_ident > 5)} {
    set need_ident 1;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed each time the squelch is opened or closed
#   rx_id   - The ID of the RX that the squelch opened/closed on
#   is_open - Set to 1 if the squelch is open or 0 if it's closed
#
proc squelch_open {rx_id is_open} {
  variable sql_rx_id;
  #puts "The squelch is $is_open on RX $rx_id";
  set sql_rx_id $rx_id;
}

 
#
# Executed when a DTMF digit has been received
#   digit     - The detected DTMF digit
#   duration  - The duration, in milliseconds, of the digit
#
# Return 1 to hide the digit from further processing in SvxLink or
# return 0 to make SvxLink continue processing as normal.
#
proc dtmf_digit_received {digit duration} {
  #puts "DTMF digit \"$digit\" detected with duration $duration ms";
  return 0;
}

 
#
# Executed when a DTMF command has been received
#   cmd - The command
#
# Return 1 to hide the command from further processing is SvxLink or
# return 0 to make SvxLink continue processing as normal.
#
# This function can be used to implement your own custom commands or to disable
# DTMF commands that you do not want users to execute.
proc dtmf_cmd_received {cmd} {
  #global active_module

  # Example: Ignore all commands starting with 3 in the EchoLink module.
  #          Allow commands that have four or more digits.
  #if {$active_module == "EchoLink"} {
  #  if {[string length $cmd] < 4 && [string index $cmd 0] == "3"} {
  #    puts "Ignoring random connect command for module EchoLink: $cmd"
  #    return 1
  #  }
  #}

  # Handle the "force core command" mode where a command is forced to be
  # executed by the core command processor instead of by an active module.
  # The "force core command" mode is entered by prefixing a command by a star.
  #if {$active_module != "" && [string index $cmd 0] != "*"} {
  #  return 0
  #}
  #if {[string index $cmd 0] == "*"} {
  #  set cmd [string range $cmd 1 end]
  #}

  # Example: Custom command executed when DTMF 99 is received
  #if {$cmd == "99"} {
  #  puts "Executing external command"
  #  playMsg "Core" "online"
  #  exec ls &
  #  return 1
  #}
 
  return 0
}

 
#
# Executed once every whole minute. Don't put any code here directly
# Create a new function and add it to the timer tick subscriber list
# by using the function addMinuteTickSubscriber.
#
proc every_minute {} {
  variable minute_tick_subscribers;
  #puts [clock format [clock seconds] -format "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"];
  foreach subscriber $minute_tick_subscribers {
    $subscriber;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed once every whole minute. Don't put any code here directly
# Create a new function and add it to the timer tick subscriber list
# by using the function addSecondTickSubscriber.
#
proc every_second {} {
  variable second_tick_subscribers;
  #puts [clock format [clock seconds] -format "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"];
  foreach subscriber $second_tick_subscribers {
    $subscriber;
  }
}

 
#
# Deprecated: Use the addMinuteTickSubscriber function instead
#
proc addTimerTickSubscriber {func} {
  puts "*** WARNING: Calling deprecated TCL event handler addTimerTickSubcriber."
  puts "             Use addMinuteTickSubscriber instead"
  addMinuteTickSubscriber $func;
}

 
#
# Use this function to add a function to the list of functions that
# should be executed once every whole minute. This is not an event
# function but rather a management function.
#
proc addMinuteTickSubscriber {func} {
  variable minute_tick_subscribers;
  lappend minute_tick_subscribers $func;
}

 
#
# Use this function to add a function to the list of functions that
# should be executed once every second. This is not an event
# function but rather a management function.
#
proc addSecondTickSubscriber {func} {
  variable second_tick_subscribers;
  lappend second_tick_subscribers $func;
}

 
#
# Should be executed once every whole minute to check if it is time to
# identify. Not exactly an event function. This function handle the
# identification logic and call the send_short_ident or send_long_ident
# functions when it is time to identify.
#
proc checkPeriodicIdentify {} {
  variable prev_ident;
  variable short_ident_interval;
  variable long_ident_interval;
  variable min_time_between_ident;
  variable ident_only_after_tx;
  variable need_ident;
  global logic_name;
 
  if {$short_ident_interval == 0} {
    return;
  }
 
  set now [clock seconds];
  set hour [clock format $now -format "%k"];
  regexp {([1-5]?\d)$} [clock format $now -format "%M"] -> minute;
 
  set short_ident_now \
      	    [expr {($hour * 60 + $minute) % $short_ident_interval == 0}];
  set long_ident_now 0;
  if {$long_ident_interval != 0} {
    set long_ident_now \
      	    [expr {($hour * 60 + $minute) % $long_ident_interval == 0}];
  }
 
  if {$long_ident_now} {
    puts "$logic_name: Sending long identification...";
    send_long_ident $hour $minute;
    set prev_ident $now;
    set need_ident 0;
  } else {
    if {$now - $prev_ident < $min_time_between_ident} {
      return;
    }
    if {$ident_only_after_tx && !$need_ident} {
      return;
    }
 
    if {$short_ident_now} {
      puts "$logic_name: Sending short identification...";
      send_short_ident $hour $minute;
      set prev_ident $now;
      set need_ident 0;
    }
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the QSO recorder is being activated
#
proc activating_qso_recorder {} {
  playMsg "Core" "activating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when the QSO recorder is being deactivated
#
proc deactivating_qso_recorder {} {
  playMsg "Core" "deactivating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to deactivate the QSO recorder even though it's
# not active
#
proc qso_recorder_not_active {} {
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
  playMsg "Core" "not_active";
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to activate the QSO recorder even though it's
# already active
#
proc qso_recorder_already_active {} {
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
  playMsg "Core" "already_active";
}

 
#
# Executed when the timeout kicks in to activate the QSO recorder
#
proc qso_recorder_timeout_activate {} {
  playMsg "Core" "timeout"
  playMsg "Core" "activating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when the timeout kicks in to deactivate the QSO recorder
#
proc qso_recorder_timeout_deactivate {} {
  playMsg "Core" "timeout"
  playMsg "Core" "deactivating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when the user is requesting a language change
#
proc set_language {lang_code} {
  global logic_name;
  puts "$logic_name: Setting language $lang_code (NOT IMPLEMENTED)";
 
}

 
#
# Executed when the user requests a list of available languages
#
proc list_languages {} {
  global logic_name;
  puts "$logic_name: Available languages: (NOT IMPLEMENTED)";
 
}

 
#
# Executed when the node is being brought online or offline
#
proc logic_online {online} {
  global mycall
  variable CFG_TYPE
 
  if {$online} {
    playMsg "Core" "online";
    spellWord $mycall;
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      playMsg "Core" "repeater";
    }
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a configuration variable is updated at runtime in the logic
# core
#
proc config_updated {tag value} {
  #puts "Configuration variable updated: $tag=$value"
}

 
#
# Executed when a DTMF command is received from another linked logic core
#
#   logic -- The name of the logic core
#   cmd   -- The received command
#
proc remote_cmd_received {logic cmd} {
  #puts "Remote command received from logic $logic: $cmd"
  #playDtmf "$cmd" "500" "50"
}

 
#
# Executed when a talkgroup is received from another linked logic core
#
#   logic -- The name of the logic core
#   tg    -- The received talkgroup
#
proc remote_received_tg_updated {logic tg} {
  #puts "Remote TG received from logic $logic: $tg"
  #if {$tg > 0} {
  #  playDtmf "1$tg" "500" "50"
  #}
}

 
##############################################################################
#
# Main program
#
##############################################################################
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL] {
  if {$CFG_SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL > 0} {
    set short_ident_interval $CFG_SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL;
  }
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL] {
  if {$CFG_LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL > 0} {
    set long_ident_interval $CFG_LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL;
    if {$short_ident_interval == 0} {
      set short_ident_interval $long_ident_interval;
    }
  }
}
 
if [info exists CFG_IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX] {
  if {$CFG_IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX > 0} {
    set ident_only_after_tx $CFG_IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX;
  }
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE] {
  set short_announce_enable $CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_FILE] {
  set short_announce_file $CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_FILE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE] {
  set short_voice_id_enable $CFG_SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE] {
  set short_cw_id_enable $CFG_SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE] {
  set long_announce_enable $CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_FILE] {
  set long_announce_file $CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_FILE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_VOICE_ID_ENABLE] {
  set long_voice_id_enable $CFG_LONG_VOICE_ID_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_CW_ID_ENABLE] {
  set long_cw_id_enable $CFG_LONG_CW_ID_ENABLE
}

 
# end of namespace
}

#
# This file has not been truncated
#

EchoLink.tcl

###############################################################################
#
# EchoLink module event handlers
#
###############################################################################

#
# This is the namespace in which all functions and variables below will exist.
# The name must match the configuration variable "NAME" in the
# [ModuleEchoLink] section in the configuration file. The name may be changed
# but it must be changed in both places.
#
namespace eval EchoLink {
 
#
# Check if this module is loaded in the current logic core
#
if {![info exists CFG_ID]} {
  return;
}

#
# Extract the module name from the current namespace
#
set module_name [namespace tail [namespace current]];
 
#
# An "overloaded" playMsg that eliminates the need to write the module name
# as the first argument.
#
proc playMsg {msg} {
  variable module_name;
  ::playMsg $module_name $msg;
}

 
#
# A convenience function for printing out information prefixed by the
# module name
#
proc printInfo {msg} {
  variable module_name;
  puts "$module_name: $msg";
}

 
#
# This variable is updated by the EchoLink module when a station connects or
# disconnects. It contains the number of currently connected stations.
#
variable num_connected_stations 0;
 
 
#
# Executed when this module is being activated
#
proc activating_module {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::activating_module $module_name;
}

 
#
# Executed when this module is being deactivated.
#
proc deactivating_module {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::deactivating_module $module_name;
}

 
#
# Executed when the inactivity timeout for this module has expired.
#
proc timeout {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::timeout $module_name;
}

 
#
# Executed when playing of the help message for this module has been requested.
#
proc play_help {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::play_help $module_name;
}

 
#
# Spell an EchoLink callsign
#
proc spellEchoLinkCallsign {call} {
  global langdir
  if [regexp {^(\w+)-L$} $call ignored callsign] {
    spellWord $callsign
    playSilence 50
    playMsg "link"
  } elseif [regexp {^(\w+)-R$} $call ignored callsign] {
    spellWord $callsign
    playSilence 50
    playMsg "repeater"
  } elseif [regexp {^\*(.+)\*$} $call ignored name] {
    playMsg "conference"
    playSilence 50
    set lc_name [string tolower $name]
    if [file exists "$langdir/EchoLink/conf-$lc_name.wav"] {
      playFile "$langdir/EchoLink/conf-$lc_name.wav"
    } else {
      spellEchoLinkCallsign $name
    }
  } else {
    spellWord $call
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a request to list all connected stations is received.
# That is, someone press DTMF "1#" when the EchoLink module is active.
#
proc list_connected_stations {connected_stations} {
  playNumber [llength $connected_stations];
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "connected_stations";
  foreach {call} "$connected_stations" {
    spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
    playSilence 250;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when someone tries to setup an outgoing EchoLink connection but
# the directory server is offline due to communications failure.
#
proc directory_server_offline {} {
  playMsg "directory_server_offline";
}

 
#
# Executed when the limit for maximum number of QSOs has been reached and
# an outgoing connection request is received.
#
proc no_more_connections_allowed {} {
  # FIXME: Change the message to something that makes more sense...
  playMsg "link_busy";
}

 
#
# Executed when a status report is requested. This usually happens at
# manual identification when the user press DTMF "*".
#
proc status_report {} {
  variable num_connected_stations;
  variable module_name;
  global active_module;
 
  if {$active_module == $module_name} {
    playNumber $num_connected_stations;
    playMsg "connected_stations";
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when an EchoLink id cannot be found in an outgoing connect request.
#
proc station_id_not_found {station_id} {
  playNumber $station_id;
  playMsg "not_found";
}

 
#
# Executed when the lookup of an EchoLink callsign fail in an outgoing connect
# request.
#
proc lookup_failed {station_id} {
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a local user tries to connect to the local node.
#
proc self_connect {} {
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a local user tries to connect to a node that is already
# connected.
#
proc already_connected_to {call} {
  playMsg "already_connected_to";
  playSilence 50;
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
}

 
#
# Executed when an internal error occurs.
#
proc internal_error {} {
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when an outgoing connection has been requested.
#
proc connecting_to {call} {
  playMsg "connecting_to";
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when an EchoLink connection has been terminated
#
proc disconnected {call} {
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playMsg "disconnected";
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when an incoming EchoLink connection has been accepted.
#
proc remote_connected {call} {
  playMsg "connected";
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when an outgoing connection has been established.
#   call - The callsign of the remote station
#
proc connected {call} {
  #puts "Outgoing Echolink connection to $call established"
  playMsg "connected";
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when the list of connected remote EchoLink clients changes
#   client_list - List of connected clients
#
proc client_list_changed {client_list} {
  #foreach {call} $client_list {
  #  puts $call
  #}
}

 
#
# Executed when the EchoLink connection has been idle for too long. The
# connection will be terminated.
#
proc link_inactivity_timeout {} {
  playMsg "timeout";
}

 
#
# Executed when a too short connect by callsign command is received
#
proc cbc_too_short_cmd {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when the connect by callsign function cannot find a match
#
proc cbc_no_match {code} {
  playNumber $code;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "no_match";
}

 
#
# Executed when the connect by callsign list has been retrieved
#
proc cbc_list {call_list} {
  playMsg "choose_station";
  set idx 0;
  foreach {call} $call_list {
    incr idx;
    playSilence 500;
    playNumber $idx;
    playSilence 200;
    spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the connect by callsign function is manually aborted
#
proc cbc_aborted {} {
  playMsg "aborted";
}

 
#
# Executed when an out of range index is entered in the connect by callsign
# list
#
proc cbc_index_out_of_range {idx} {
  playNumber $idx;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "idx_out_of_range";
}

 
#
# Executed when there are more than nine matches in the connect by
# callsign function
#
proc cbc_too_many_matches {} {
  playMsg "too_many_matches";
}

 
#
# Executed when no station have been chosen in 60 seconds in the connect
# by callsign function
#
proc cbc_timeout {} {
  playMsg "aborted";
}

 
#
# Executed when the disconnect by callsign list has been retrieved
#
proc dbc_list {call_list} {
  playMsg "disconnect_by_callsign";
  playSilence 200
  playMsg "choose_station";
  set idx 0;
  foreach {call} $call_list {
    incr idx;
    playSilence 500;
    playNumber $idx;
    playSilence 200;
    spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the disconnect by callsign function is manually aborted
#
proc dbc_aborted {} {
  playMsg "disconnect_by_callsign";
  playMsg "aborted";
}

 
#
# Executed when an out of range index is entered in the disconnect by callsign
# list
#
proc dbc_index_out_of_range {idx} {
  playNumber $idx;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "idx_out_of_range";
}

 
#
# Executed when no station have been chosen in 60 seconds in the disconnect
# by callsign function
#
proc dbc_timeout {} {
  playMsg "disconnect_by_callsign";
  playMsg "timeout";
}

 
#
# Executed when a local user enter the DTMF code for playing back the
# local node ID.
#
proc play_node_id {my_node_id} {
  playMsg "node_id_is";
  playSilence 200;
  if { $my_node_id != 0} {
    playNumber $my_node_id;
  } else {
    playMsg "unknown";
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when an entered command failed or have bad syntax.
#
proc command_failed {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when an unrecognized command has been received.
#
proc unknown_command {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "unknown_command";
}

 
#
# Executed when the listen only feature is activated or deactivated
#   status    - The current status of the feature (0=deactivated, 1=activated)
#   activate  - The requested new status of the feature
#               (0=deactivate, 1=activate)
#
proc listen_only {status activate} {
  variable module_name;
 
  if {$status == $activate} {
    playMsg "listen_only";
    playMsg [expr {$status ? "already_active" : "not_active"}];
  } else {
    puts "$module_name: [expr {$activate ? "Activating" : "Deactivating"}]\
          listen only mode.";
    playMsg [expr {$activate ? "activating" : "deactivating"}];
    playMsg "listen_only";
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when an outgoing connection is rejected. This can happen if
# REJECT_OUTGOING and/or ACCEPT_OUTGOING has been setup.
#
proc reject_outgoing_connection {call} {
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "reject_connection";
}

 
#
# Executed when a transmission from an EchoLink station is starting
# or stopping
#   rx   - 1 if receiving or 0 if not
#   call - The callsign of the remote station
#
#
proc is_receiving {rx call} {
  if {$rx == 0} {
    playTone 1000 100 100;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a chat message is received from a remote station
#
#   msg -- The message text
#
# WARNING: This is a slightly dangerous function since unexepected input
# may open up a security flaw. Make sure that the message string is handled
# as unknown data that can contain anything. Check it thoroughly before
# using it. Do not run SvxLink as user root.
proc chat_received {msg} {
  #puts $msg
}

 
#
# Executed when an info message is received from a remote station
#
#   call -- The callsign of the sending station
#   msg  -- The message text
#
# WARNING: This is a slightly dangerous function since unexepected input
# may open up a security flaw. Make sure that the message string is handled
# as unknown data that can contain anything. Check it thoroughly before
# using it. Do not run SvxLink as user root.
proc info_received {call msg} {
  #puts "$call: $msg"
}

 
#
# Executed when a configuration variable is updated at runtime
#
proc config_updated {tag value} {
  #puts "Configuration variable updated: $tag=$value"
}

 
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The events below are for remote EchoLink announcements. Sounds are not
# played over the local transmitter but are sent to the remote station.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#
# Executed when an incoming connection is accepted
#
proc remote_greeting {call} {
#  playSilence 1000;
#  playMsg "greeting";
}

 
#
# Executed when an incoming connection is rejected
#
proc reject_remote_connection {perm} {
  playSilence 1000;
  if {$perm} {
    playMsg "reject_connection";
  } else {
    playMsg "reject_connection";
    playMsg "please_try_again_later"
  }
  playSilence 1000;
}

 
#
# Executed when the inactivity timer times out
#
proc remote_timeout {} {
  playMsg "timeout";
  playSilence 1000;
}

 
#
# Executed when the squelch state changes
#
proc squelch_open {is_open} {
  # The listen_only_active and CFG_REMOTE_RGR_SOUND global variables are set by
  # the C++ code
  variable listen_only_active
  variable CFG_REMOTE_RGR_SOUND
  if {$CFG_REMOTE_RGR_SOUND && !$is_open && !$listen_only_active} {
    playSilence 200
    playTone 1000 100 100
  }
}

 
# end of namespace
}

#
# This file has not been truncated
#

John Pumford-Green Tue May 3 20:58:10 2022

Page Updated : 04/06/26 07:39 BST

svxlink, mb7aze, radio

Svxlink Update (Dual Gateway)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 19:58:40 +0000

←SVXLink

Svxlink Update (Dual Gateway)

— John Pumford-Green 02/06/22 19:56

To allow testing and comparison between 2m and 70cm I've got two SVXLink gateways running.

MB7AZE : 70cm : 430.050MHz @ 3W using FT-60
GM4SLV : 2m : 144.625MHz @ ??W using FT-8900

Both feed the same dual band colinear via a duplexer.

Both are connected to G4NAB's SVXReflector http://svxportal-uk.ddns.net:81/index.php

(UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 03/06/22 09:05)

I now realize that the DTMF problems were due to setting de-emphasis ON while actually using the audio feed from the FT-8900 for 1200 packet, which already has de-emphasis applied. So I was doing double-de-emphasis.

No wonder the tones were being mangled.

The ~~deleted~~ section below shows what steps I took to restore the tone detection in this situation, but this isn't actually necessary if the correct audio feed is used. The quick-fix is to turn SVXLink's de-emphasis OFF and restore the DTMF twist to its normal value. The better fix will be to re-wire the interface to use the flat 9600 baud audio and restore SVXLink's de-emphasis.

Set up audio levels MB7AZE SvxLink Config

Some tweaks were necessary to get GM4SLV to work - DTMF detection was flaky on certain digits when RX de-emphasis was enabled - which is necessary when using the 9600 packet flat-audio feed from the FT-8900. The issue seems to be the roll-off of the de-emphasis affecting the DTMF digits that use the widest spaced tone-pairs. There's are configuration items that can fix the problem: DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST and DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST in the [Local Receiver] section. I had to set DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST to 15 to fix the problem.

The GM4SLV gateway now uses the FT-8900 via an unmodified CM108 sound dongle.

The PTT is from GPIO25 and SQL is from CTCSS.

I've swapped the Echolink service from MB7AZE-L to GM4SLV-L.

For the next period of testing MB7AZE will be lower profile, and the FT-60 handheld can not handle long periods of transmitting (e.g. when set on HUBNET or similar).

The start-up script that also sets up GPIO (for PTT):

#!/bin/bash
 
CFG=/usr/local/etc/svxlink/svxlink.conf
LOG=/home/gm4slv/svxlink.log
 
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
 
echo "25" > /sys/class/gpio/export
 
sleep 2
 
echo "out" > /sys/class/gpio/gpio25/direction
 
sudo svxlink --daemon --logfile=$LOG --config=$CFG
exit 0

crontab to start it at reboot

@reboot sleep 30 && sudo -u gm4slv /home/gm4slv/svx_ref.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

Here is the current ''svxlink.conf'' for GM4SLV :

 
 
[GLOBAL]
LOGICS=SimplexLogic,ReflectorLogic
CFG_DIR=svxlink.d
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT="%c"
CARD_SAMPLE_RATE=48000
LOCATION_INFO=LocationInfo
LINKS=LinkToReflector
 
[SimplexLogic]
TYPE=Simplex
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot,ModuleEchoLink	
CALLSIGN=GM4SLV
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=0
SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE=0
SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
CW_AMP=-20
CW_PITCH=1000
CW_WPM=20
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=0
LONG_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
LONG_CW_ID_ENABLE=0
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_GB
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
TX_CTCSS=ALWAYS
MACROS=Macros
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
ONLINE_CMD=998877
TIME_FORMAT=24
RGR_SOUND_ALWAYS=1
 
[RepeaterLogic]
 
[ReflectorLogic]
TYPE=Reflector
HOSTS=svxportal-uk.ddns.net
HOST_PORT=5300
CALLSIGN="change this"
AUTH_KEY="change this too"
JITTER_BUFFER_DELAY=0
DEFAULT_LANG=en_GB
DEFAULT_TG=0
MONITOR_TGS=8,91,235,2350,2351,23561
TG_SELECT_TIMEOUT=60
ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL=300
MUTE_FIRST_TX_LOC=0
MUTE_FIRST_TX_REM=0
TMP_MONITOR_TIMEOUT=3600
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
NODE_INFO_FILE=/usr/local/etc/svxlink/node_info.json
 
[LinkToReflector]
CONNECT_LOGICS=SimplexLogic:9:,ReflectorLogic
DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
OPTIONS=DEFAULT_CONNECT,NO_DISCONNECT
 
[QsoRecorder]
REC_DIR=/var/spool/svxlink/qso_recorder
MAX_TIME=3600
SOFT_TIME=300
MAX_DIRSIZE=1024
 
[Voter]
 
[MultiTx]
 
[NetRx]
 
[NetTx]
 
[Rx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
SQL_DET=CTCSS
SQL_START_DELAY=0
SQL_DELAY=0
SQL_HANGTIME=200
VOX_FILTER_DEPTH=20
VOX_THRESH=1000
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_SQL_PIN=!VOL_DN
SIGLEV_SLOPE=1
SIGLEV_OFFSET=0
SIGLEV_OPEN_THRESH=30
SIGLEV_CLOSE_THRESH=10
DEEMPHASIS=0
PREAMP=0.0
DTMF_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
DTMF_MUTING=1
DTMF_HANGTIME=40
DTMF_SERIAL=/dev/ttyS0
#DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST=8
#DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST=4
 
[WbRx1]
 
[Tx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
PTT_TYPE=GPIO
PTT_PIN=gpio25
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_PTT_PIN=GPIO3
PTT_HANGTIME=500
TIMEOUT=300
TX_DELAY=500
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
CTCSS_LEVEL=20
PREEMPHASIS=1
DTMF_TONE_LENGTH=100
DTMF_TONE_SPACING=50
DTMF_DIGIT_PWR=-15
MASTER_GAIN=0
 
[LocationInfo]
APRS_SERVER_LIST=euro.aprs2.net:14580
STATUS_SERVER_LIST=aprs.echolink.org:5199
LON_POSITION=1.25.30W
LAT_POSITION=60.17.18N
CALLSIGN=EL-GM4SLV
FREQUENCY=144.625
TX_POWER=2
ANTENNA_GAIN=3
ANTENNA_HEIGHT=5m
ANTENNA_DIR=-1
BEACON_INTERVAL=60
TONE=77
COMMENT=Connected to UK Svx Reflector
 
[Macros]
1=EchoLink:9999#
2=EchoLink:973498#
3=EchoLink:662666#
4=:91235#
5=:9123561#
9=:910#

overview of config

See MB7AZE SvxLink Config

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 02/06/22 19:56

Page last updated: 04/06/26 20:58 BST

echolink, svxlink, radio

Music - A Return To An Old Hobby

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 08:45:07 +0000

Music - A Return To An Old Hobby

date: 2026-03-02 14:52

I used to play a lot of music - by this I mean actually play it myself, on instruments like mandolin, bodhran, guitar….

I first fiddled with guitar as a teenager. Badly. I had a cheap nylon strung “classical” guitar, and even for a while a very cheap and very, very nasty electric guitar.

When I went to University in 1984 I was already into folk music, as well as heavily into early Mike Oldfield. So I knew of the bodhran. I bought myself a basic model mandolin and found a guy who made bodhrans in a small workshop in Manchester. All I could afford was a very basic calf-skin bodhran but it was enough to get the hang of it.

I listened to a lot of Planxty, Bothy Band, Boys from the Lough, Andy Irvine etc. back then, all on vinyl. I still have the same vinyl albums and play them occasionally even now.

Here's a B&W photo of my stash of instruments from around 1986. I developed & printed it myself, using an enlarger a mate had borrowed & set up in the bathroom in his flat. I recently found the photo again, and put it in a clip frame and hung it in my den.

I later bought a better mandolin, and also got better goatskin bodhran from Hobgoblin Music.

I sold my 1st mandolin, and bodhran to a mate of mine. I think he still has them. I certainly still have my 2nd mandolin and bodhran.

While I was at UMIST, between 1984 and 1988 I used to drink in the Jolly Angler in Ducie Street. It was a backstreet Irish pub, but had no music session. I went to play pool with mates and drink copious quantities of Hyde's Anvil bitter (and at Christmas time their strong Winter Ale from a small barrel on the bar).

The landlord had a niece who at that time was doing her O levels and was struggling with maths. She was a mean piano accordion player too. We started a weekly maths tuition followed by a few tunes. I took my mandolin and she took her PA.

After a few weeks of this a few customers asked

“is this a regular session?”

“no, just us having a few tunes”

“is it ok if we join in next week? There's no good session on a Thursday nearby”

“ Yeah! that'd be fun”

and then it exploded from there.

More and more and more people came on a Thursday night. After only a few weeks I found I was well out of my depth, and stopped playing, or trying to play. I'd learned a few new tunes in the first few weeks of the session but then found all I could do was sit and watch and listen.

But I still played mandolin for my own amusement. I wasn't particularly good, but I enjoyed it.

There have been various instruments over the years since then.

Later, after leaving UMIST and getting a job I bought myself a bouzouki from Hobgoblin too.

My parents had found an old Hohner Double-Ray Black-Dot in B/C at an antiques fair which I later bought by visiting the guy's house in Cramlington (nr. Newcastle) while we were visiting.

The story of this is on my old, old website which I recently uncovered…

https://g4slv.info/website/pages/music.htm

I then bought a 2nd hand Saltarelle “Le Bouebe” melodeon in D/G in around 2002, and later a Castagnari Lilly melodeon for my 40th birthday in 2006. I later sold the Lilly, as I wasn't playing it enough to justify keeping it.

I still have the Saltarelle. But I rarely ever take it out and play it any more.

Here's an old photo of me in the Westings, Shetland.

I got to be “ok” on melodeon - but nothing better then “ok”.

In fact I've never got better than “ok” on anything, in the 45+ years of my trying to play.

I didn't have a guitar for several years and during Covid lockdown in 2020 I bought a cheap classical guitar (Yamaha C40) and spent a lot of time while isolated at home trying to learn proper classical guitar. I followed some of the excellent courses by Bradford Werner https://www.thisisclassicalguitar.com/start-here/. When life returned to normal I stopped studying, but I'd already found some physical problems with my wrists and hands due to the Rheumatoid Arthritis. I still noodle on the guitar, but I can't see me being able to really immerse myself in learning it properly.

I also bought a Treble Recorder last year and then neglected to do anything about it. I'd played Descant Recorder as a primary schoolboy aged 10 or so. That's where I learned to read music. So the Treble Recorder was supposed to be my way of reconnecting with the fun of learning a new (and at face value fairly simple) instrument. Of course the Recorder is a vastly under-rated instrument capable of magical sound when played by an expert.

I recently found some old mp3 recordings I'd done in around 2002, in a zip file which contained the HTML and other files from a website I had back then. There were 4 mp3 files that had me playing mandolin, and bodhran (and guitar, out of tune)

They are badly recorded - from memory I did it by using a pair of cheap stereo headphones as a microphone (!) and recording using grecord on a linux box (an old Gnome app for simple sound recording - probably running on Red Hat 6?)

To multi track I'd play the 1st recording back from the speakers on another linux box while recording the 2nd track (and the playback of the 1st which was audible in the background….) and I'd repeat this again to get a 3rd track.

The are in https://g4slv.info/website/pshed/ and these are the links to the files

The future?

So, now, at 60 years old I'm wondering what to do with myself. What hobby to persue. How to find joy and fun again.

I found myself looking up at my mandolin a few nights ago, thinking *“I wonder if I remember any tunes?”* and I took it down from its hanger. And 2 hours later I forced myself to put it down & go to bed….

I've been a little lost recently, not knowing what to do with my spare time. Perhaps this is the answer. Just enjoy playing music for my own amusement again.

music

Laptop FreeBSD

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 08:43:16 +0000

←Computers

Laptop FreeBSD

I moved my Dell laptop from Devuan Linux to FreeBSD and here are some things I needed to do and some things I did for convenience….

Graphics

I found the basic install of the recommended drm-kmod package and i915kms driver wouldn't work - it crashed/hung during boot.

Removing this package and using the SCFB video driver worked, but didn't give (for example) DPMS control of the LCD screen.

I used SCFB temporarily be adding an xorg conf file 20-vesa.conf to /usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

Section "Device"
        Identifier "Card0"
        Driver "scfb"
EndSection

This was a reasonable workaround, but I found the solution to using correct Intel i915kms driver here : https://blog.hofstede.it/freebsd-150-on-the-thinkpad-t480-efficient-stable-and-8-hours-on-battery/

This is what worked:

Installed new packages

drm-latest-kmod

gpu-firmware-intel-kmod-kabylake

added to /etc/rc.conf

kld_list="i915kms"

added to /boot/loader.conf

# Graphics and power tuning
i915kms_load="YES"
drm.i915.enable_rc6=7
drm.i915.enable_fbc=1
drm.i915.lvds_downclock=1
drm.i915.enable_psr=1
compat.linuxkpi.i915_disable_power_well="0"

i915kms now loads and I have access to DPMS for turning off the LCD screen.

LCD Panel on/off

I made a few small shell scripts to assist in controlling the battery consumption by being able to alter LCD brightness, and turn the LCD off via DPMS and makde i3 shorcuts to them.

(later I made the same key actions for DWM when I moved back to using DWM)

now I can “$mod+Shift+o” to reduce brightness and “$mod+Shift+p” to increase it, and “$mod+Shift+i” to turn the LCD screen off completely.

I also added a devd rule to turn the LCD screen off when the lid is closed - this confused me initially, as it worked when testing it by adding the rule, restarting devd and testing, from within an X-Session…. but didn't work when devd was started during bootup…

This was due to the lack of DISPLAY if the script was triggered from “outside” the X session. Changing the script to set the DISPLAY variable was the solution.

/etc/devd/rules.d/lid.conf

notify 20 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "Lid";
match "notify" "0x01";
action "/home/g4slv/bin/on";
};
notify 20 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "Lid";
match "notify" "0x00";
action "/home/g4slv/bin/off";
};

The lid actions call one of these →

~/bin/on

#!/usr/local/bin/bash
 
su g4slv -c 'setenv DISPLAY :0.0 && /usr/local/bin/xset dpms force on'

~/bin/off

#!/usr/local/bin/bash
 
su g4slv -c 'setenv DISPLAY :0.0 && /usr/local/bin/xset dpms force off'

Other tweaks

Small scripts to automate swithing between Wifi and Ethernet

net_wlan.sh

#!/bin/sh
 
doas service netif stop em0 
doas service netif start wlan0
doas service dhclient restart wlan0

net_eth.sh

#!/bin/sh
 
doas service netif stop wlan0 
doas service netif start em0
doas service dhclient restart em0

Serial USB Adaptors

To get access to a USB serial device as normal user (as long as I'm in the wheel group) I added a rule in /etc/devd.conf

notify 100 {
        match "system"          "DEVFS";
        match "subsystem"       "CDEV";
        match "type"            "CREATE";
        match "cdev"            "ttyU[0-9]+";
        action "chmod ug+rw /dev/$cdev";
 
};

This makes the device R/W for the wheel group. Without this rule (the chmod part) the device is only R/W for root.

Other Config Files

/etc/rc.conf

hostname="proton"
keymap="uk.kbd"
wlans_iwm0="wlan0"
ifconfig_wlan0="WPA  DHCP"
ip6addrctl_enable="NO"
ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="NO"
ifconfig_wlan0_ipv6="inet6 ifdisabled"
ifconfig_em0_ipv6="inet6 ifdisabled"
ifconfig_lo0_ipv6="inet6 ifdisabled"
create_args_wlan0="country GB regdomain NONE"
sshd_enable="YES"
sshd_flags="-4"

ntpd_enable="YES"
ntpd_sync_on_start="YES"
ntpd_flags="-4"

ftpd_enable="YES"
ftpd_flags="-4"


moused_nondefault_enable="NO"
# Set dumpdev to "AUTO" to enable crash dumps, "NO" to disable
dumpdev="AUTO"
zfs_enable="YES"
cupsd_enable="YES"
devfs_system_ruleset="system"
dbus_enable="YES"


avahi_daemon_enable="YES"

avahi_dnsconfd_enable="YES"
inetd_enable="YES"
rwhod_enable="YES"

kld_list="i915kms"

powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b minimum "
update_motd="NO"
dynamic_motd="YES"
ifconfig_em0="DHCP"
autofs_enable="YES"

/boot/loader.conf

kern.geom.label.disk_ident.enable="0"
kern.geom.label.gptid.enable="0"
zfs_load="YES"
i915kms_load="YES"
drm.i915.enable_rc6="7"
drm.i915.semaphores="1"
drm.i915.enable_fbc="1"
drm.i915.lvds_downclock=1
drm.i915.enable_psr=1
compat.linuxkpi.i915_disable_power_well="0"
fuse_load="YES"
iwm8265fw_load="YES"

~/.xinitrc

xrdb -load ~/.Xdefaults
setxkbmap -layout gb
xset s noblank
xset s noexpose
xset dpms 600 660 670
backlight 40
 
eval $(gnome-keyring-daemon --start)
export SSH_AUTH_LOCK
 
feh --bg-center -B "#005577"  ~/freebsd.svg
 
pulseaudio &
 
dwmblocks &
 
pasystray &
 
nextcloud & 
 
exec dbus-launch --exit-with-x11 dwm

pkg prime-list

Here's the list of intentionally installed packages currently

FreeBSD-kernel-generic
FreeBSD-kernel-generic-dbg
FreeBSD-set-base
FreeBSD-set-lib32
FreeBSD-set-minimal
alpine
ansilove
automount
avahi
bash
bombadillo
claws-mail
claws-mail-bogofilter
claws-mail-dillo
claws-mail-pdf_viewer
detox
dmidecode
doas
drm-latest-kmod
dunst
dynamic_motd
evince
feh
ffmpegthumbnailer
figlet
firefox-esr
fldigi
foomatic-db-hpijs
freebsd-ftpd
freebsd-telnetd
fusefs-jmtpfs
gmake
gnome-keyring
gnucash
gopher
gpu-firmware-intel-kmod-kabylake
gvfs
hplip
i3blocks
imv
iperf
libptytty
libreoffice
librewolf
lynx
mixertui
most
mousepad
mpv
musikcube
nano
neofetch
nextcloudclient
nss_mdns
openshot
pasystray
pavucontrol
pcmanfm
pkg
pkgconf
polo
py311-i3ipc
py311-pip
rename
rsync
sacc
scrot
setsid
shotwell
slock
slrn
thunar
thunar-archive-plugin
tightvnc
tmux
vim
vlc
wireshark
xarchiver
xorg
yt-dlp
zip

Further Information

Page created : 04/06/26 11:04 BST

Page updated : 05/06/26 09:43 BST

computer, freebsd

DM41X Hints & Tips

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:09:46 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X Hints & Tips

Module Switching

Using the Ladybug module for Integer/Base calculations means it's impossible to also have the 41Z complex number module or the HP16C simulator module and the necessary library “plugged in” at the same time. There is a clash between Library 4 needed for 41z (and also needed for 16C) and OS/4 which is needed for Ladybug.

I've used the DM41X “module save/load” function to have different module-plugged states:

41z.m41 : with 41Z 2×2 Deluxe and Library 4 modules active
16c.m41 : with HP16 C Simulator and Library 4 modules active
lady.m41 : with Boost, OS/4 and Ladybug modules active
adv.m41 : with Advantage Pac module active

These are accessed via setup → 2. Module → 4. Load Modules → 1. Load AM list

Choosing the required *.m41 file will automatically unplug/plug whichever modules were active when the config. was saved.

This makes it easier to remember which supporting library/module are needed to use each particular module's functions.

It's possible to also save the flash state - which modules have been pre-loaded into the DM41X's Flash Memory making them available to be plugged in using different options at the setup 2. Module choices…. you'll work it out.

Advantage Pac : Flag 21

I found that using some of the Advantage Pac programs (e.g. MATRX or CFIT) would lead to AVIEW instructions in programs run subsequently to cause a HALT - requiring use of the R/S key.

I was told via a question on the Swiss Micros Forum that this was likely to be due to the Advantage Pac setting FLAG 21 (printer active) to help in its own presentation of information on the display.

FLAG 21 SET while FLAG 55 is CLEAR (since there's no Printer Module active) causes AVIEW instructions to halt awaiting user intervention (R/S key)

To restore things to normal : either CLEAR Flag 21 via CF or simply turn the calculator off and on again.

See APPENDIX D in the HP41CX User Manual Volume 2 for a better explanation of the use of Flag 21 to control AVIEW behaviour.

Extended Memory

Copy a program to Extended Memory:

Put Prog's name in Alpha register
XEQ storep
The prog remains in main memory but can be deleted (CLP) if memory needed
To restore to main memory put name in Alpha and then XEQ GETSUB

DDAYS

To find the number of days between two dates

enter 1^st date into Y-stack as dd.mmyyyy
key in 2^nd date into X-stack as dd.mmyyyy
XEQ ALPHA D D A Y S ALPHA
result is the difference in days.
DDAYS can be added to the CST program chooser to make it easier if multiple calculations are required

Example

Days between 27/2/66 and 31/5/22

27.021966 ENTER 31.052022 XEQ ALPHA D D A Y S ALPHA

Result = 20,547

Check :

365 ÷

Result 56.293

I'm 56 and a bit… sounds right…

XYZALM

Various Alarm functions

Put any message for the Alarm into the ALHPA register

Load the stack registers with:

Z : Repeat Interval HHHH.MMSSs or 0
Y : Date DD.MMYYYY or 0
X : Time HH.MMSSs

Execute XYZALM to set the alarm

When alarm goes off it is acknowledged by pressing any key except STO.

Acknowledging a non-repeating (i.e. Z was 0) alarm cancels it.
Acknowledging a repeating alarm cancels it and re-arms it, adding the Repeat Interval to create the new alarm time.
Pressing STO cancels the alarm but makes it a PAST DUE alarm.

Example

Set alarm for 22:20, today, not repeating, called Supper

ALPHA S U P PER ALPHA
0 ENTER (for Z = repeat interval)
0 ENTER (for Y = Date = Today)
22.20 XEQ ALPHA X Y Z A L M ALPHA

At 22:20 the alarm is activated. ALPHA shows SUPPER.

Alarm is cancelled by pressing any key but STO

Pressing STO creates a PAST DUE alarm which means it gets re-triggered if the calculator is turned off. It can be cancelled and deleted by pressing any key (except STO) and then the calculator will turn off. Pressing STO will create a new Past Due alarm, and allow the calculator to turn off. On turn on the Past Due alarm will still exist and turning off will trigger it again.

A Past Due alarm is useful to remind you that something happened previously and turning the calculator off is a memory-jogger.

CATALOGUE 5 R/S and ⇑ ⇓ steps through all alarms.

To clear an alarm from the Catalogue: SHIFT C ( where C is √ on top row )

— John Pumford-Green 31/05/22 13:13

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:09 GMT

calculator, dm41x

DM15L Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 16 Apr 2026 15:01:20 +0000

←Programs

DM15L Progs

Dumps taken from the DM15L using a serial console session in Putty.

DM15L Startup Keys & Serial Console

Stock Swiss Micros Firmware

Dumps are also converted to readable program listings using the Swiss Micros online encode/decode tool at https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/nut/

Normal + "Complex Z to....."

LBL E converts Z=R±jX to RL, SWR, |ρ|∠ρ, |Z|∠Z

Data input :

if Z = R + j X, put R in Y-stack and X in X-stack and then run LBL E

R ENTER
X (and CHS as needed)
F
E

Results appear:

Stack X → Return Loss
Stack Y → SWR
Stack Z → (Re) |ρ| (Im) ∠ρ
Stack T → (Re) |Z| (Im) ∠Z

DM15_M1B
04  000000fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000996010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf8befbe2280  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  91000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  02875000000998
14  f0000000000000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000002ef  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01900000000001
1c  02232142865997  01800000000002  02232142865997  01004474273000
20  05302556024001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
ec  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  0000000000b237
f0  36a43433a43231  44db43e1a43433  42db41e1a43231  47c3fcf0f2bc35
f4  46fda5cff185cf  f145b3db44db43  fdfaf0f5a43231  fbf0f5a4323141
f8  c5420eb23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 000000fffff000  B: 000000fffffeae  C: 00000996010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 00000000000000  G: 04

Decoded Dump

001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32
052  LBL E        | 42,21,15
053  STO 2        |    44  2
054  x<>y         |       34
055  STO 1        |    44  1
056  RCL 1        |    45  1
057  RCL 2        |    45  2
058  I            |   42  25
059  5            |        5
060  0            |        0
061  -            |       30
062  RCL 1        |    45  1
063  RCL 2        |    45  2
064  I            |   42  25
065  5            |        5
066  0            |        0
067  +            |       40
068  /            |       10
069  STO 3        |    44  3
070  Re<>Im       |   42  30
071  STO 4        |    44  4
072  Re<>Im       |   42  30
073  ABS          |   43  16
074  STO 5        |    44  5
075  1            |        1
076  RCL+5        | 45,40, 5
077  1            |        1
078  RCL-5        | 45,30, 5
079  /            |       10
080  STO 6        |    44  6
081  RCL 5        |    45  5
082  LOG          |   43  13
083  2            |        2
084  0            |        0
085  *            |       20
086  CHS          |       16
087  STO 7        |    44  7
088  RCL 1        |    45  1
089  RCL 2        |    45  2
090  I            |   42  25
091  ->P          |     43 1
092  STO 1        |    44  1
093  Re<>Im       |   42  30
094  STO 2        |    44  2
095  RCL 3        |    45  3
096  RCL 4        |    45  4
097  I            |   42  25
098  ->P          |     43 1
099  STO 3        |    44  3
100  Re<>Im       |   42  30
101  STO 4        |    44  4
102  RCL 1        |    45  1
103  RCL 2        |    45  2
104  I            |   42  25
105  RCL 3        |    45  3
106  RCL 4        |    45  4
107  I            |   42  25
108  RCL 6        |    45  6
109  RCL 7        |    45  7
110  RTN          |   43  32

"Normal"

### 27/7/22 ####
# This is the usual set of 3 useful tool progs I have in the DM15L for quick calculation/conversion
# of antenna parameters.
#

Ref Power ENTER Fwd Power fA → SWR x<>y RL
SWR fB → Return Loss
Return Loss fC → SWR

DM15_M1B
00  03400000000001  01000000000001  08000000000000  00000000000000
04  155000000ff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf0bde7aa28f  000080bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  01000000000001  00000000000000  03400000000001
14  f7365289440000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000004f8  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265622000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f8  000000b23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 155000000ff000  B: 155000000ffeae  C: 00002000010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 05500000000001  G: 06

Decoded dump

LBL C
20

/
10^x
STO 2
1
+
RCL 2
1
-
/
RTN
LBL B
STO 2
1
-
RCL 2
1
+
/
LOG
20

*
CHS
RTN
LBL A
/
sqrt
STO 2
1
RCL+2
1
RCL-2
/
STO 3
1
-
RCL 3
1
+
/
LOG
20

CHS
*
STO 4
RCL 3
RTN

001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32

N-Queens Benchmark 27/7/22

DM15_M1B
00  08000000000000  08000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
04  065140fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000999eae
08  00000000000000  22af8d9e7e0080  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  08000000000000  08000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000
14  f0000000000537  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f7  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  04000000000000
1c  01000000000000  03000000000000  06000000000000  02000000000000
20  07000000000000  05000000000000  00000000000000  08000000000000
24  08760000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f4  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  b25104137030a0
f8  dff1117086bddf  f19730031276fb  3930b313ecfb86  c4973986973010
fc  ec39a9dff10249  3091dff1019650  973080dff11475  50300060f8a50a
A: 065140fffff000  B: 065140fffffeae  C: 00000000999eae
S: 00000000000000
M: aaaaaaaaaaaaaa  N: 06514000000000  G: 04

Decoded Dump

LBL A
CLR_REG
8
STO .0
LBL 0
RCL 0
RCL .0
TEST 5
GTO 4
1
STO+0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL .0
STO (i)
LBL 1
1
STO+.1
RCL 0
STO 9
LBL 2
1
STO-9
RCL 9
x=0
GTO 0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL (i)
RCL 9
STO I
R_down
RCL (i)
-
x=0
GTO 3
ABS
RCL 0
RCL 9
-
TEST 6
GTO 2
LBL 3
RCL 0
STO I
1
STO-(i)
RCL (i)
TEST 0
GTO 1
1
STO-0
RCL 0
TEST 0
GTO 3
LBL 4
RCL .1
RTN

001  LBL A        | 42,21,11
002  CLR_REG      |   42  34
003  8            |        8
004  STO .0       |    44 .0
005  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
006  RCL 0        |    45  0
007  RCL .0       |    45 .0
008  TEST 5       | 43,30, 5
009  GTO 4        |    22  4
010  1            |        1
011  STO+0        | 44,40, 0
012  RCL 0        |    45  0
013  STO I        |   44  25
014  RCL .0       |    45 .0
015  STO (i)      |   44  24
016  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
017  1            |        1
018  STO+.1       | 44,40,.1
019  RCL 0        |    45  0
020  STO 9        |    44  9
021  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
022  1            |        1
023  STO-9        | 44,30, 9
024  RCL 9        |    45  9
025  x=0          |   43  20
026  GTO 0        |    22  0
027  RCL 0        |    45  0
028  STO I        |   44  25
029  RCL (i)      |   45  24
030  RCL 9        |    45  9
031  STO I        |   44  25
032  R_down       |       33
033  RCL (i)      |   45  24
034  -            |       30
035  x=0          |   43  20
036  GTO 3        |    22  3
037  ABS          |   43  16
038  RCL 0        |    45  0
039  RCL 9        |    45  9
040  -            |       30
041  TEST 6       | 43,30, 6
042  GTO 2        |    22  2
043  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
044  RCL 0        |    45  0
045  STO I        |   44  25
046  1            |        1
047  STO-(i)      | 44,30,24
048  RCL (i)      |   45  24
049  TEST 0       | 43,30, 0
050  GTO 1        |    22  1
051  1            |        1
052  STO-0        | 44,30, 0
053  RCL 0        |    45  0
054  TEST 0       | 43,30, 0
055  GTO 3        |    22  3
056  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
057  RCL .1       |    45 .1
058  RTN          |   43  32

Savage Benchmark 23/01/26

DM15_M1B
00  01000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000  00000000000000
04  32499970322000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40997997010eae
08  00000000000000  3ebeefb6e4228f  e79282e8bc2ac0  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  08000000000000  06000000000000  02498970322003
14  f0000000000504  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001fc  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  06000000000000
1c  04000000000000  07000000000000  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
fc  000000000000b2  1b82fac9b9cbbb  caba0bc1c1c1f1  40f9f9f4f2e80a
A: 32499970322000  B: 32499970322eae  C: 40997997010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 02499970322003  G: 09

UPDATED "Butterworth" program 12/2/22

############################
#
#  Updated 12/2/22 : change to reduce amount of looping/storing 
#  Sub routine "LBL 8" changed
DM15_M1B
00  05108827280994  05000000000999  05000000000999  00000000000000
04  24547fff912000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00012012012eae
08  00000000000000  b6000a9eda000f  e6220040000000  00000000000000
10  07000000000000  05108827295994  08007000000000  05000000000001
14  f0000000012435  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000006f1  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00300  07293277408990
1c  01261776142994  04547284088990  01261776142994  07293277408990
20  05108827280994  01103787069994  04026420096990  08509227540993
24  02583151782990  04031222906993  05481145266989  07025940305993
28  09506412356989  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
2c  03500000000006  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  00b2fcf2c7fdfc  f230fcf0f8f1fb  f1fcf200171195
f4  96ce50ff20eb87  012640b340ff72  c56930ff83ff0a  17b2139596fdf0
f8  f52805b2139596  fcf0f5280410ff  1950ffa3fdf2eb  87032607b297fa
fc  f1fdf0f0f0f130  06b21514ec00ff  b21415ec09b2fd  fcb6fcf2598608
A: 24547fff912000  B: 24547fff912eae  C: 00012012012eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 05108827280994  N: 04547284088990  G: 23

Dump above decoded at Swiss micros

001  LBL 8        | 42,21, 8
002  RCL (i)      |   45  24
003  RCL .9       |    45 .9
004  2            |        2
005  *            |       20
006  PI           |   43  26
007  *            |       20
008  /            |       10
009  RTN          |   43  32
010  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
011  x=0          |   43  20
012  GTO 5        |    22  5
013  GTO 4        |    22  4
014  RTN          |   43  32
015  LBL .0       | 42,21,.0
016  x=0          |   43  20
017  GTO 4        |    22  4
018  GTO 5        |    22  5
019  RTN          |   43  32
020  LBL 6        | 42,21, 6
021  RCL 0        |    45  0
022  1            |        1
023  0            |        0
024  0            |        0
025  0            |        0
026  /            |       10
027  1            |        1
028  +            |       40
029  STO I        |   44  25
030  RTN          |   43  32
031  LBL 7        | 42,21, 7
032  GSB 6        |    32  6
033  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
034  RCL I        |   45  25
035  INT          |   43  44
036  2            |        2
037  /            |       10
038  FRAC         |   42  44
039  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
040  GTO 9        |    22  9
041  GTO .0       |    22 .0
042  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
043  GSB 8        |    32  8
044  5            |        5
045  0            |        0
046  *            |       20
047  STO (i)      |   44  24
048  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
049  GTO 3        |    22  3
050  RTN          |   43  32
051  LBL 5        | 42,21, 5
052  GSB 8        |    32  8
053  5            |        5
054  0            |        0
055  /            |       10
056  STO (i)      |   44  24
057  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
058  GTO 3        |    22  3
059  RTN          |   43  32
060  GTO 7        |    22  7
061  LBL A        | 42,21,11
062  ENG 3        | 42, 9, 3
063  SF 0         | 43, 4, 0
064  STO .9       |    44 .9
065  x<>y         |       34
066  TEST 2       | 43,30, 2
067  CF 0         | 43, 5, 0
068  ABS          |   43  16
069  STO 0        |    44  0
070  GSB 6        |    32  6
071  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
072  RCL I        |   45  25
073  INT          |   43  44
074  GSB 0        |    32  0
075  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
076  1/x          |       15
077  STO (i)      |   44  24
078  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
079  GTO 1        |    22  1
080  GTO 7        |    22  7
081  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
082  2            |        2
083  *            |       20
084  1            |        1
085  -            |       30
086  1            |        1
087  8            |        8
088  0            |        0
089  *            |       20
090  RCL 0        |    45  0
091  2            |        2
092  *            |       20
093  /            |       10
094  SIN          |       23
095  2            |        2
096  *            |       20
097  RTN          |   43  32

Dump

################################

DM15_M1B
00  01040000000003  01750000000002  01750000000002  00000000000000
04  08200000910000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000009eae
08  00000000000000  2faf8bf9fe2280  be220040bcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  06283185308000
14  f7365289446075  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f2  000000000003ff
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01924950591000
1c  01924950591000  01000000000001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  00000000000000  b23344fcc3f0f2  bcfdfaf133fbf1
f4  43fda2cff182cf  f142cafd0ab2c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  32fbf1420bb2fd
f8  fbf132faf142cc  fdf0f20cb2fcf0  f1bcfdc3f3c6f1  fdf0f5ba0db2ca
fc  fcf0f5fcc3f3c6  f1ccfdf0f10eb2  c3fcf0f2bcfdfa  f1c5fbf1c1c100
A: 08200000910000  B: 08200000910eae  C: 00002000009eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 00000000000990  N: 08200000000990  G: 19

Dump above decoded @ Swiss Micros

# https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/nut/
#
001  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
002  ENTER        |       36
003  ENTER        |       36
004  1            |        1
005  -            |       30
006  x<>y         |       34
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  /            |       10
010  LOG          |   43  13
011  2            |        2
012  0            |        0
013  *            |       20
014  CHS          |       16
015  RTN          |   43  32
016  LBL E        | 42,21,15
017  1            |        1
018  0            |        0
019  /            |       10
020  10^x         |       13
021  1            |        1
022  EEX          |       26
023  3            |        3
024  CHS          |       16
025  *            |       20
026  5            |        5
027  0            |        0
028  *            |       20
029  sqrt         |       11
030  RTN          |   43  32
031  LBL D        | 42,21,14
032  x^2          |   43  11
033  5            |        5
034  0            |        0
035  /            |       10
036  1            |        1
037  EEX          |       26
038  3            |        3
039  CHS          |       16
040  /            |       10
041  LOG          |   43  13
042  1            |        1
043  0            |        0
044  *            |       20
045  RTN          |   43  32
046  LBL C        | 42,21,13
047  2            |        2
048  0            |        0
049  /            |       10
050  10^x         |       13
051  STO 2        |    44  2
052  1            |        1
053  +            |       40
054  RCL 2        |    45  2
055  1            |        1
056  -            |       30
057  /            |       10
058  RTN          |   43  32
059  LBL B        | 42,21,12
060  STO 2        |    44  2
061  1            |        1
062  -            |       30
063  RCL 2        |    45  2
064  1            |        1
065  +            |       40
066  /            |       10
067  LOG          |   43  13
068  2            |        2
069  0            |        0
070  *            |       20
071  CHS          |       16
072  RTN          |   43  32
073  LBL A        | 42,21,11
074  /            |       10
075  sqrt         |       11
076  STO 2        |    44  2
077  1            |        1
078  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
079  1            |        1
080  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
081  /            |       10
082  STO 3        |    44  3
083  1            |        1
084  -            |       30
085  RCL 3        |    45  3
086  1            |        1
087  +            |       40
088  /            |       10
089  LOG          |   43  13
090  2            |        2
091  0            |        0
092  CHS          |       16
093  *            |       20
094  STO 4        |    44  4
095  RCL 3        |    45  3
096  RTN          |   43  32

Dump

######################################################


DM15
00  01544068044001  01544068044001  01544068044001  00000000000000
04  1154407ffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000000eae
08  00000000000000  362f0d9e8a808f  00000000002a00  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  02000000000001
14  f0000000000027  c0d2d2d2d2d2d2  000000000004f8  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  00000000000000
c0  01406828223000  01406828223000  01544068044001  00000000000000
f8  000000b23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 1154407ffff000  B: 1154407ffffeae  C: 00000000000eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 15440680436000  N: 01544068044001  G: 04

Decode of Dump above

#
001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32
########################################################################

Dump 23/12/21

### 23/12/21
# A = Stack Y -> Ref, Stack X ->Fwd -> [f][A] -> Stack Y = RL, Stack X = SWR
# B = SWR -> RL
# C = RL -> SWR
# D = PiAttn : (y = attn, x = Zo) -> [f][D] -> (y = series R, x = shunt Rs)
# E = Fibonacci Number x = n -> f(n)
# 


DM15_M1B
00  03400000000001  01000000000001  08000000000000  00000000000000
04  155000000ff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf0bde7aa28f  000080bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  01000000000001  00000000000000  03400000000001
14  f7365289446057  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001f1  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265622000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  000000000000b2  3344fcc3f0f2bc  fdfaf133fbf143
f4  fda2cff182cff1  42cafd0ab2c3fc  f0f2bcfdfaf132  fbf1420bb2fdfb
f8  f132faf142ccfd  f0f20cb2333444  c0cffdc2cff2fb  ba32f143c0cffd
fc  a2cff182cff142  ccfdc3f0f241c5  400db21182c5b1  fa01f0c1f1400e
A: 155000000ff000  B: 155000000ffeae  C: 00002000010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 05500000000001  G: 06

Decode of dump above

# 
#
001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  STO 0        |    44  0
003  1            |        1
004  ENTER        |       36
005  0            |        0
006  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
007  +            |       40
008  LSTx         |   43  36
009  x<>y         |       34
010  DSE 0        | 42, 5, 0
011  GTO 1        |    22  1
012  RTN          |   43  32
013  LBL D        | 42,21,14
014  STO 0        |    44  0
015  x<>y         |       34
016  STO 1        |    44  1
017  2            |        2
018  0            |        0
019  CHS          |       16
020  /            |       10
021  10^x         |       13
022  STO 2        |    44  2
023  1            |        1
024  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
025  1            |        1
026  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
027  /            |       10
028  RCL*0        | 45,20, 0
029  STO 3        |    44  3
030  1            |        1
031  RCL 2        |    45  2
032  x^2          |   43  11
033  -            |       30
034  2            |        2
035  RCL*2        | 45,20, 2
036  /            |       10
037  RCL*0        | 45,20, 0
038  STO 4        |    44  4
039  RCL 4        |    45  4
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  RTN          |   43  32
042  LBL C        | 42,21,13
043  2            |        2
044  0            |        0
045  /            |       10
046  10^x         |       13
047  STO 2        |    44  2
048  1            |        1
049  +            |       40
050  RCL 2        |    45  2
051  1            |        1
052  -            |       30
053  /            |       10
054  RTN          |   43  32
055  LBL B        | 42,21,12
056  STO 2        |    44  2
057  1            |        1
058  -            |       30
059  RCL 2        |    45  2
060  1            |        1
061  +            |       40
062  /            |       10
063  LOG          |   43  13
064  2            |        2
065  0            |        0
066  *            |       20
067  CHS          |       16
068  RTN          |   43  32
069  LBL A        | 42,21,11
070  /            |       10
071  sqrt         |       11
072  STO 2        |    44  2
073  1            |        1
074  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
075  1            |        1
076  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
077  /            |       10
078  STO 3        |    44  3
079  1            |        1
080  -            |       30
081  RCL 3        |    45  3
082  1            |        1
083  +            |       40
084  /            |       10
085  LOG          |   43  13
086  2            |        2
087  0            |        0
088  CHS          |       16
089  *            |       20
090  STO 4        |    44  4
091  RCL 3        |    45  3
092  RTN          |   43  32
=======================================================================
#

Dump 10/2/22

#
#    10 Feb 2022
#    Butterworth Filter designer
#    enter filter order (n) into Y register (+ = HPF, - = LPF) , 
#    enter Freq into X register
#    execute program with [f] [A]
#    Values for each component are obtained from registers R1 -> Rn 

DM15_M1B
00  02251666050002  03218976343993  03218976343993  00000000000000
04  16640fff000000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00012012012eae
08  00000000000000  36800bdf7e820f  bef20200000000  00000000000000
10  05000000000000  03218976343993  06005000000000  02000000000000
14  f0000000012377  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00300  04918158214989
1c  09947183945992  04918158214989  03218976343993  01103787069994
20  04547284088990  01103787069994  04026420096990  08509227540993
24  02583151782990  04031222906993  05481145266989  07025940305993
28  09506412356989  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
2c  04000000000007  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2fcf2c7fd  fcf230fcf0f8f1  fbf1fcf2001811  9596ce50ff20eb
f4  87012640b340ff  72c56930ff83ff  0a17129596fdfc  b6fcf25986eb87
f8  022608b2139596  fdf0f58605b213  9596fcf0f58604  10ff1950ffa3fd
fc  f2eb87032607b2  97faf1fdf0f0f0  f13006b21514ec  00ffb21415ec09
A: 16640fff000000  B: 16640fff000eae  C: 00012012012eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 02000000000001  N: 06639528095001  G: 23

Decode of dump above

=====================================================================
001  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
002  x=0          |   43  20
003  GTO 5        |    22  5
004  GTO 4        |    22  4
005  RTN          |   43  32
006  LBL .0       | 42,21,.0
007  x=0          |   43  20
008  GTO 4        |    22  4
009  GTO 5        |    22  5
010  RTN          |   43  32
011  LBL 6        | 42,21, 6
012  RCL 0        |    45  0
013  1            |        1
014  0            |        0
015  0            |        0
016  0            |        0
017  /            |       10
018  1            |        1
019  +            |       40
020  STO I        |   44  25
021  RTN          |   43  32
022  LBL 7        | 42,21, 7
023  GSB 6        |    32  6
024  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
025  RCL I        |   45  25
026  INT          |   43  44
027  2            |        2
028  /            |       10
029  FRAC         |   42  44
030  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
031  GTO 9        |    22  9
032  GTO .0       |    22 .0
033  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
034  RCL (i)      |   45  24
035  5            |        5
036  0            |        0
037  *            |       20
038  STO (i)      |   44  24
039  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
040  GTO 3        |    22  3
041  RTN          |   43  32
042  LBL 5        | 42,21, 5
043  RCL (i)      |   45  24
044  5            |        5
045  0            |        0
046  /            |       10
047  STO (i)      |   44  24
048  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
049  GTO 3        |    22  3
050  RTN          |   43  32
051  LBL 8        | 42,21, 8
052  GSB 6        |    32  6
053  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
054  RCL I        |   45  25
055  INT          |   43  44
056  RCL (i)      |   45  24
057  RCL .9       |    45 .9
058  2            |        2
059  *            |       20
060  PI           |   43  26
061  *            |       20
062  /            |       10
063  STO (i)      |   44  24
064  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
065  GTO 2        |    22  2
066  GTO 7        |    22  7
067  LBL A        | 42,21,11
068  ENG 3        | 42, 9, 3
069  SF 0         | 43, 4, 0
070  STO .9       |    44 .9
071  x<>y         |       34
072  TEST 2       | 43,30, 2
073  CF 0         | 43, 5, 0
074  ABS          |   43  16
075  STO 0        |    44  0
076  GSB 6        |    32  6
077  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
078  RCL I        |   45  25
079  INT          |   43  44
080  GSB 0        |    32  0
081  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
082  1/x          |       15
083  STO (i)      |   44  24
084  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
085  GTO 1        |    22  1
086  GTO 8        |    22  8
087  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
088  2            |        2
089  *            |       20
090  1            |        1
091  -            |       30
092  1            |        1
093  8            |        8
094  0            |        0
095  *            |       20
096  RCL 0        |    45  0
097  2            |        2
098  *            |       20
099  /            |       10
100  SIN          |       23
101  2            |        2
102  *            |       20
103  RTN          |   43  32

Dump 07/02/25

###############
# 7 Feb 2025
# LBL A = y : ref/ x : fwd fA -> y : RL / x : SWR
# LBL B = SWR -> RL
# LBL C = RL -> SWR
# LBL D = Gas calc (tare ENTER gross ENTER cylinder "full gas weight" (i.e. 6/13/19kg) f D -> percentage full
# LBL E = DTT Freq <-> Channel conversion

DM15_M1B
00  09806650000000  02200000000001  03060000000002  00000000000000
04  066261ff934000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000991000eae
08  00000000000000  39a287df7e2200  dba00240000000  00000000000000
10  01579783596001  01579783596001  00000000000000  08000000000000
14  f0000000000014  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265619000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2fdfbf1c5  faf1c1c1ccfdf0  f20cb2c3fcf0f2  bcfdfaf1c5fbf1
f4  c1c10bb23344c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
f8  0ab2fcf0f0f1fd  32fbc531fcf4f5  f4c0fafdf6f1fc  f0f0f1a3c5ebc1
fc  40c441c4420db2  faf6f0f3fcf809  b2fdf8fbf6f0f3  1978c5f6f0f30e
A: 066261ff934000  B: 066261ff934eae  C: 00000991000eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 03060000000002  N: 06626070150966  G: 04

Work Tools 23/01/26

###################################
#
#   Label A = DTT : Freq / Channel conversion
#   Label B = Gas : Tare/Gross/Size to calculate percentage-full
#   Label C = Return Loss to SWR conversion
#   Label D = SWR to Return Loss conversion
#   Label E = Reflected & Forward power to Return Loss and SWR calculation

DM15_M1B
00  03060000000002  04925000000001  04925000000001  00000000000000
04  2698000000f000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002001001eae
08  00000000000000  bfaf0bfe7e228f  02f082bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  04002000000001  03650000000001  06000000000000  03060000000002
14  f0000000000100  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01622214211999
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2faf6f0f3  fcf809b2fdf8fb  f6f0f31978c5f6  f0f30ab2fcf0f0
f4  f1fd32fbc531fc  f4f5f4c0fafdf6  f1fcf0f0f1a3c5  ebc140c441c442
f8  0bb2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf1c5fbf1c1  c10db2fdfbf1c5  faf1c1c1ccfdf0
fc  f20cb23344c3fc  f0f2bcfdfaf133  fbf143fda2cff1  82cff142cafd0e
A: 2698000000f000  B: 2698000000feae  C: 00002001001eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 06980000000000  N: 06980000000002  G: 06

Decoded Dump

001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  /            |       10
003  sqrt         |       11
004  STO 2        |    44  2
005  1            |        1
006  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
007  1            |        1
008  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
009  /            |       10
010  STO 3        |    44  3
011  1            |        1
012  -            |       30
013  RCL 3        |    45  3
014  1            |        1
015  +            |       40
016  /            |       10
017  LOG          |   43  13
018  2            |        2
019  0            |        0
020  *            |       20
021  CHS          |       16
022  STO 4        |    44  4
023  RCL 3        |    45  3
024  RTN          |   43  32
025  LBL C        | 42,21,13
026  2            |        2
027  0            |        0
028  /            |       10
029  10^x         |       13
030  ENTER        |       36
031  ENTER        |       36
032  1            |        1
033  +            |       40
034  x<>y         |       34
035  1            |        1
036  -            |       30
037  /            |       10
038  RTN          |   43  32
039  LBL D        | 42,21,14
040  ENTER        |       36
041  ENTER        |       36
042  1            |        1
043  -            |       30
044  x<>y         |       34
045  1            |        1
046  +            |       40
047  /            |       10
048  LOG          |   43  13
049  2            |        2
050  0            |        0
051  *            |       20
052  CHS          |       16
053  RTN          |   43  32
054  LBL B        | 42,21,12
055  STO 2        |    44  2
056  R_down       |       33
057  STO 1        |    44  1
058  R_down       |       33
059  STO 0        |    44  0
060  ENTER        |       36
061  INT          |   43  44
062  x<>y         |       34
063  FRAC         |   42  44
064  1            |        1
065  0            |        0
066  0            |        0
067  *            |       20
068  1            |        1
069  6            |        6
070  /            |       10
071  +            |       40
072  .            |       48
073  4            |        4
074  5            |        5
075  4            |        4
076  *            |       20
077  RCL 1        |    45  1
078  x<>y         |       34
079  -            |       30
080  RCL 2        |    45  2
081  /            |       10
082  1            |        1
083  0            |        0
084  0            |        0
085  *            |       20
086  RTN          |   43  32
087  LBL A        | 42,21,11
088  3            |        3
089  0            |        0
090  6            |        6
091  x<>y         |       34
092  TEST 8       | 43,30, 8
093  GTO 9        |    22  9
094  3            |        3
095  0            |        0
096  6            |        6
097  -            |       30
098  8            |        8
099  /            |       10
100  RTN          |   43  32
101  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
102  8            |        8
103  *            |       20
104  3            |        3
105  0            |        0
106  6            |        6
107  +            |       40
108  RTN          |   43  32

LBL A = DTT MHz or Channel No f A → Channel No or MHz
LBL B = Gas : tare weight ENTER gross kg ENTER cylinder size kg f B → Fill percentage %
LBL C = Return Loss dBf C → SWR
LBL D = SWR f D → Return Loss dB
LBL E = Reflected Power ENTER Forward Power f E → Return Loss dB (y), SWR (x)

Solve with an Integral

from HP34C manual pp233
Solves Bessel function for Bessel-zero mod. index value

DM15_M1B
00  02404827787000  00000000000000  01570796327996  30001fd33ff996
04  024048fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40999997000eae
08  00000000000000  2fbf8db6e42080  00000000000040  00000000000000
10  02404827787000  00000000000000  00000000000000  95139629874993
14  00000000000000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000006fd  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  00000000000000
fc  00000000000000  00b2fdb6c8fc30  c703b2b170a2ed  b333efb6f0400a
A: 024048fffff000  B: 024048fffffeae  C: 40999997000eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 000000000060fd  N: 02404827787000  G: 04


LBL A
STO 0
0
PI
∫ 3
ABS
         // THIS IS A METHOD OF RESTRICTING SOLVE TO A CERTAIN ACCURACY TO REDUCE THE TIME..
x<=y?    // y has the Integration accuracy estimate. We test if our "zero" is <= this. No point in trying further. Limits search time
CLx      // if our current guess for "zero" is better than the integration accuracy estimate we wipe "x" to an "actual" zero so that the SOLVE will complete
x≠0?     // if it wasn't "zero" we replace the last estimate of the integration and the SOLVE continues
LASTx
RTN

LBL 3
SIN
RCL 0
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

be in RAD angle mode
put initial guesses of 0 ENTER 1 and then f SOLVE A
first bessel zero at mod index 2.405

Program dumps for LF15C

Firmware details

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

Start of thread : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046.html
- Serial Port dump info : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046-post-194697.html#pid194697
Serial Port settings
- Rate : 57600
- Data : 8 bit
- Stop : 1 bit
- Parity : None
- Flow Control : None
To extract a dump from calculator press and hold STO
- the non-zero digits can be copy/pasted into a text file for storage
To upload a previously saved dump
- copy it to clipboard and then
- press and hold RCL until the terminal shows Paste PrgMemory:
- in Putty ShiftFnInsert to paste clipboard text into terminal

Butterworth Filter

43 8 17 255 17 19 30 39 103 39 40 86 43 9 118 12 7 5 7 4 86 43 10 118 12 7 4 7 5 86 43 6 17 0 26 25 25 25 40 26 37 13 254 86 43 7 6 6 43 3 17 254 93 30 40 53 115 0 7 9 7 10 43 4 6 8 31 25 39 13 255 75 254 7 3 86 43 5 6 8 31 25 40 13 255 75 254 7 3 86 7 7 43 100 76 3 107 0 13 19 14 118 3 111 0 104 13 0 6 6 43 1 17 254 93 6 0 115 0 20 13 255 75 254 7 1 7 7 43 0 30 39 26 38 26 32 25 39 17 0 30 39 40 11 30 39 86 0

Order n (+ is HPF, - is LPF) → y
Frequency (Hz) → X
fA
Results are in R01 … R0n

Benchmarks

Savage, 8-queens, HP Maths and HP Trig

43 77 31 35 29 30 35 13 0 25 13 2 43 78 17 0 11 91 15 95 19 99 88 8 26 121 2 7 78 86 43 104 25 13 2 26 29 25 26 30 34 27 23 35 13 0 30 29 34 27 31 13 1 43 2 17 1 17 0 39 17 1 38 17 0 40 17 1 39 34 29 31 40 4 26 121 2 7 2 86 43 88 54 32 13 10 43 80 17 0 17 10 118 6 7 84 26 121 0 17 0 13 254 17 10 13 255 43 81 26 121 11 17 0 13 9 43 82 26 122 9 17 9 118 12 7 80 17 0 13 254 17 255 17 9 13 254 10 17 255 38 118 12 7 83 104 17 0 17 9 38 118 7 7 82 43 83 17 0 13 254 26 122 255 17 255 118 1 7 81 26 122 0 17 0 118 1 7 83 43 84 17 11 58 86 43 100 112 30 27 36 36 13 0 26 22 22 22 43 101 84 4 88 8 99 19 37 71 0 7 101 58 86 0

Savage is prog A : fA
8-Queens is prog 88 : f LBL 88
- Both the above use runTime to measure execution time - returns result in y and time in x
HP Museum Maths Benchmark is prog E : fE.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02
HP Museum Trig Benchmark is prog 77 : fLBL 77.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02

Work Tools

43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 17 3 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 31 14 118 8 7 1 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 1 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 0

LBL A = DTT (Channel ↔ Freq )
LBL B = Gas
LBL C = Return Loss → SWR
LBL D = SWR → Return Loss
LBL E = Reflected Power & Forward Power → Return Loss & SWR

Work Tools & Benchmarks

43 55 31 35 29 30 35 13 0 25 13 2 43 56 17 0 11 91 15 95 19 99 88 8 26 121 2 7 56 86 43 44 25 13 2 26 29 25 26 30 34 27 23 35 13 0 30 29 34 27 31 13 1 43 45 17 1 17 0 39 17 1 38 17 0 40 17 1 39 34 29 31 40 4 26 121 2 7 45 86 43 88 54 32 13 10 43 80 17 0 17 10 118 6 7 84 26 121 0 17 0 13 254 17 10 13 255 43 81 26 121 11 17 0 13 9 43 82 26 122 9 17 9 118 12 7 80 17 0 13 254 17 255 17 9 13 254 10 17 255 38 118 12 7 83 104 17 0 17 9 38 118 7 7 82 43 83 17 0 13 254 26 122 255 17 255 118 1 7 81 26 122 0 17 0 118 1 7 83 43 84 17 11 58 86 43 66 112 30 27 36 36 13 0 26 22 22 22 43 67 84 4 88 8 99 19 37 71 0 7 67 58 86 43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 17 3 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 31 14 118 8 7 1 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 1 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 0 0

LBL A = DTT (Channel ↔ Freq )
LBL B = Gas
LBL C = Return Loss → SWR
LBL D = SWR → Return Loss
LBL E = Reflected Power & Forward Power → Return Loss & SWR

Savage is prog is prog 66 : f LBL 66
8-Queens is prog 88 : f LBL 88
- Both the above use runTime to measure execution time - returns result in y and time in x
HP Museum Maths Benchmark is prog is prog 44 : f LBL 44
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02
HP Museum Trig Benchmark is prog 55 : fLBL 55.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02

Dot/Cross/Uvec

43 12 22 104 40 86 43 11 13 99 10 13 98 55 17 99 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 38 30 78 40 86 43 10 13 98 10 13 99 17 98 55 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 37 30 40 86 0 0

* Dot Product of 2 complex numbers in y and x

|Y||X|Cosθ
- Y = Y_re + j Y_im
- X = X_re + j X_im
- Dot Product Y ⋅ X = Y_reX_re + Y_imX_im
Another way without splitting the complex number into its real & imaginary parts
- Dot Product Y ⋅ X = (Y^*.X + Y.X^*) / 2
  - f LBL 10

Cross Product of 2 complex numbers in y and x
- |Y||X|Sinθ
  - Y = Y_re + j Y_im
  - X = X_re + j X_im
  - Cross Product Y ⊗ X = Y_reX_im - Y_imX_re
- Another way without splitting the complex number into its real & imaginary parts
  - Cross Product Y ⊗ X = (Y^*.X - Y.X^*) / 2i
    - f LBL 11

Unit Vector of a complex number in x : f LBL 12

Dot Product

LBL 10
STO 98
R↓
STO 99
RCL 98
f (i)
x
RCL 98
RCL 99
f (i)
x
+
2
/
RTN

Cross Product

LBL 11
STO 99
R↓
STO 98
f (i)
RCL 99
x
RCL 98
RCL 99
f (i)
x
-
2
f Re<>Im
/
RTN

UVEC

LBL 12
ENTER
ABS
/
RTN

Work Tools & Dot/Cross/UVEC

43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 13 4 17 3 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 35 14 118 9 7 9 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 43 9 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 12 22 104 40 86 43 11 13 99 10 13 98 55 17 99 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 38 30 78 40 86 43 10 13 98 10 13 99 17 98 55 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 37 30 40 86 0 0

LBL A = DTT MHz or Channel No f A → Channel No or MHz
LBL B = Gas : tare weight ENTER gross kg ENTER cylinder size kg f B → Fill percentage %
LBL C = Return Loss dBf C → SWR
LBL D = SWR f D → Return Loss dB
LBL E = Reflected Power ENTER Forward Power f E → Return Loss dB (y), SWR (x)

LBL 10 = Dot Product
LBL 11 = Cross Product
LBL 12 = Unit Vector

Solve with an Integral

from HP34C manual pp233
Solves Bessel function for Bessel-zero mod. index value

differs from the DM15L (HP15C) version because the Integration Accuracy estimate is very small so the test of x < = y? will never be true
instead we store a required ACC value (much like in the HP42S/DM42) in R001 and test against this instead

Memory Dump

43 100 13 0 25 103 79 3 104 17 1 118 8 98 118 1 102 86 43 3 11 17 0 39 15 103 40 86 0 0

Code


LBL A
STO 0
0
PI
∫ 3
ABS
RCL 1
x>y? // test if current guess (y) is better (lower) than our required accuracy (x)
CLx   // if it is, we're near enough, put a real zero in x
x≠0   // if it isn't zero we need to continue
LASTx // put back the last guess into x and the SOLVE goes on
RTN


LBL 3
SIN
RCL 0
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

be in RAD angle mode
put your ACC value in R001 (e.g. 0.0001 or 0.00001)
put initial guesses of 1 ENTER 2 and then f SOLVE A
first bessel zero at mod index 2.4048

Integrate Tests

The 12 Integration examples from the PPC ROM handbook section IG

43 12 84 24 26 37 14 24 30 37 39 4 86 43 11 28 16 14 84 24 26 37 4 39 14 24 30 37 26 34 22 30 40 16 40 86 43 10 84 24 26 37 4 86 43 9 30 20 24 16 86 43 8 88 15 86 43 7 35 25 25 103 39 37 4 14 4 37 14 11 84 35 25 25 39 14 40 86 43 6 24 27 37 14 39 4 86 43 5 4 14 26 38 40 14 88 20 38 86 43 4 88 86 43 3 103 39 11 86 43 2 4 86 43 1 27 14 84 26 37 40 86 0 0

SCI04 display mode

12 programs. Set limits and then execute f ∫ prog number

For example for program 1

0 ENTER 1 f ∫ 0 1 gives answer 3.1416

Limits 0 → 1 answer 3.1416
Limits 0 → 1 answer 6.6667 E-1
Limits 0 → 1 answer 6.3662 E-1 (rads mode)
Limits 0 → 1 answer -1.000
Limits 0 → 1 answer 3.6490 E-2
Limits 0 → 2 answer 3.1416
Limits 0 → π answer 2.1102 E1
Limits 0 → 1 answer 5.0000 E-1 (rads mode)
Limits 0 → 1 answer 2.0000
Limits 0 → 1 answer 7.8540 E-1
Limits -1 → 1 answer 2.3857 E-2
Limits -1 → 1 answer 2.2033

Using FIX10 still allows the integrations to complete almost instantly except for Program 8 which takes around 8 seconds!

Dropping to FIX08 and program 8 integration completes almost instantaneously too. Strangely Program 8 has some odd behaviour regarding display precision.

FIX04 → FIX07 → instantaneous answer 0.5000….
FIX08 → instantaneous answer 0.50000….
FIX09 → 8 seconds answer 0.499964689
FIX10 → 8 seconds answer 0.4999747623
FIX11 → 10 seconds answer 0.49999489949
FIX12 → 10 seconds answer 0.499999962001
FIX13 → instantaneous answer 0.5000……
FIX14 → instantaneous answer 0.500000……
FIX15 → instantaneous answer 0.5000000……

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 17:35:39 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 16/04/26 16:01 BST

Further Information

calculator, dm15l, lf15c

AntiX

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

AntiX

I'm testing a Live-USB Linux **AntiX** on a Lenovo laptop that has always been sluggish running Windows 10 (and even running Debian from the HDD).

I don't know if the issue is related to the performance (speed/RAM etc) of the machine or to the HDD itself. To see how the machine performs separately from the HDD I'll use AntiX for general web browsing and email for a few days and see how I find it.

Persistence

I've set up static root persistence to allow me to install and configure software, and save files etc. that remain after rebooting. This required setting up persistence :

rootfs = 3GB
homefs = 3GB

I installed rwho and rwhod to confirm new packages remained after reboot. I needed to change the default Live-USB user passwords to allow persistence to work - the first time I rebooted after setting up persistence I was forced to do so. I also added a new user, rather than stick with the Live-USB's default of demo

Browser

I then installed chromium as the preferred browser (instead of the default seamonkey)

To make it the menu-selected choice of browser I struggled to see how the menu item desktop-defaults-run -b (-b for browser) was made to point to chromium until I found one way (using the GUI control centre):

menu
control centre
preferred applications
web-browser --> /usr/share/application/chromium.desktop

chromium does not allow syncing to a google account any more, despite appearing to let you sign in to Google to initiate the sync.

I'll stick with chromium for this Live-USB version.

Email? : not sure I need to go this far, unless it turns out to be much more user friendly than the Windows10 OS from the HDD.

Mouse Touchpad

I hate “tap-click” on touchpads….

add :

# disable touchpad tapping for button1 
synclient tapbutton1=-1 &

to ~/.desktop-session/startup

Update

After a couple of hours of using AntiX for Websurfing, You Tube and Dokuwiki editing I'm happy at the speedy response….

Let's see how it performs for other things ….

sudo apt-get install claws-mail

~/.bashrc

Change default prompt to a single line, rather than split across 2 lines: comment out default PS1 and copy/edit to look like :

PS1="$PURPLE\u$nc@$CYAN\H$nc:$GREEN\w$GREEN\$$nc "

if [ "$UID" = 0 ]; then
    PS1="$red\u$nc@$red\H$nc:$CYAN\w$nc\\n$red#$nc "
else
#    PS1="$PURPLE\u$nc@$CYAN\H$nc:$GREEN\w$nc\\n$GREEN\$$nc "
    PS1="$PURPLE\u$nc@$CYAN\H$nc:$GREEN\w$GREEN\$$nc "
fi

Desktop Choice

I prefer fluxbox for low-resource linux machines, and I'm using the zzz/fluxbox desktop which integrates the zzzFM file-manager. The default single-click-opens-files is annoying and I found the way to disable it is:

right-click on the ''File Manager'' desktop icon, 
select ''Desktop Settings --> General'' tab and un-tick ''single-click open files'' 
and do the same on the ''Desktop'' tab.

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

linux, antix

DokuWiki Unison Backup

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 07:17:50 +0000

DokuWiki Unison Backup

Using unison to sync a copy of the full dokuwiki data on the VPS to a Dropbox folder on my Shack PC, so that I have a backup copy, in the cloud in case of disaster. I'd hate to lose all the work that goes into writing this stuff…

Config Files

on the Shack PC create a ~/.unison/dokuwiki.prf file

root = /home/gm4slv/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
root = ssh://gm4slv.org.uk//var/www/html/dokuwiki
sshargs = -C

To account for making the laptop's copy into a git repository I added:

ignore = Path .git

to the laptop config (see Github Repository ) — John Pumford-Green 29/05/22 00:29

on the VPS server create a similar ~/.unison/dokuwiki.prf file

root = /home/gm4slv/dokuwiki
root = ssh://gm4slv.plus.com:27659/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
sshargs = -C

First Run

Run the first time on the Shack PC to download the dokuwiki directory tree from the VPS

unison dokuwiki

gm4slv@laptop:~/.unison $ unison dokuwiki
Unison 2.51.3 (ocaml 4.11.1): Contacting server...
Connected [//gm4slv//var/www/html/dokuwiki -> //laptop//home/gm4slv/Dropbox/Docu                                                                                                 ments/dokuwiki]
Looking for changes
Warning: No archive files were found for these roots, whose canonical names are:
        /home/gm4slv/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
        //gm4slv//var/www/html/dokuwiki
This can happen either
because this is the first time you have synchronized these roots,
or because you have upgraded Unison to a new version with a different
archive format.

Update detection may take a while on this run if the replicas are
large.

Unison will assume that the 'last synchronized state' of both replicas
was completely empty.  This means that any files that are different
will be reported as conflicts, and any files that exist only on one
replica will be judged as new and propagated to the other replica.
If the two replicas are identical, then no changes will be reported.

If you see this message repeatedly, it may be because one of your machines
is getting its address from DHCP, which is causing its host name to change
between synchronizations.  See the documentation for the UNISONLOCALHOSTNAME
environment variable for advice on how to correct this.

Donations to the Unison project are gratefully accepted:
http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/unison


Press return to continue.[<spc>]
  Waiting for changes from server
Reconciling changes

local          gm4slv
         <---- file       .htaccess.dist  [f]
         <---- file       COPYING  [f]
         <---- file       README  [f]
         <---- file       VERSION  [f]
         <---- dir        bin  [f]
         <---- dir        conf  [f]
         <---- dir        data  [f]
         <---- file       doku.php  [f]
         <---- file       feed.php  [f]
         <---- dir        inc  [f]
         <---- file       index.php  [f]
         <---- file       install.php  [f]
         <---- dir        lib  [f]
         <---- dir        vendor  [f]

Proceed with propagating updates? [] y
Propagating updates

........

Everything is downloaded from the VPS and saved in the Dropbox folder, from where it is uploaded to the cloud.

Future runs...

I could automate the process, using various command line switches to automatically “do the right thing” without needing to answer Yes/No questions

unison -auto -batch -silent dokuwiki

and even put it in a cron job, but for now just running it every now and again manually might be enough.

restore from backup

If the VPS version of the dokuwiki ever gets totally screwed up I can restore it by running the same script from the other side and chosing which direction to do the sync in ( shack → VPS )

on the VPS server

unison dokuwkiki

which will pull the last sync'd version from my backup to my home directory on the VPS ( i.e. not straight to /var/www/html/dokuwiki) from where I can copy it back to the webserver directory.

I can run this command regularly to keep a mirror of the Dropbox backup on the VPS in case I need it later.

(update 28/5/22) I've added it to crontab to run daily at 04:30:

#!/bin/bash
 
unison -batch -auto -silent dokuwiki

crontab:

30 04 * * * /home/gm4slv/bin/dokuwiki_unison.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

Github Repository

I made a new github repository to hold the Dokuwiki folder tree, too. The laptop / Dropbox backup, taken via Unison from the VPS server, is the local repository.

The workflow to keep things backed up:

on Shack Laptop
1. run unison to retrieve the current production copy of the DokuWiki directory tree:
  1. ```
   unison -batch -auto dokuwiki 
```
2. there was an error flagged → the .git folder isn't present on the VPS's webserver root but is in the unison backup directory on the laptop. Just ignore it?
3. I found you can tell unison to ignore the .git folder by adding
```
  ignore = Path .git
```
  to the prf config file on laptop — John Pumford-Green 29/05/22 00:30
2. cd into ~/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
3. add all files to git
```
git add .
```
4. commit
```
git commit -m "backup"
```
5. push to github
```
git push
```
on VPS
1. in home directory, run
```
unison -batch dokuwiki
```
  to pull the dropbox copy back to the VPS
2. copy the dokuwiki tree to /var/www/html/ (is unison also useful here?) (or rsync Dokuwiki Mirror)
in extremis it should be possible to simply clone the github repository instead of using unison

Page Updated : 04/06/26 08:17 BST

linux, vps, dokuwiki, unison, github

I3 Window Manager

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

I3 Window Manager

Various Things related to I3

Background & Conky

Some tiled windows

Floating scratchpad terminal with ranger file manager

Floating scratchpad terminal with Alpine email client

I3 Config and tweaks

Autotile

Make new windows be created in alternating horizontal / vertical arrangement, depending on aspect ratio of the current window.

https://github.com/nwg-piotr/autotiling

I3 Config File

config

# This file has been auto-generated by i3-config-wizard(1).
# It will not be overwritten, so edit it as you like.
#
# Should you change your keyboard layout some time, delete
# this file and re-run i3-config-wizard(1).
#
 
 
 
# i3 config file (v4)
#
# Please see https://i3wm.org/docs/userguide.html for a complete reference!
 
set $mod Mod4
 
# Font for window titles. Will also be used by the bar unless a different font
# is used in the bar {} block below.
#font pango:monospace 8
 
# This font is widely installed, provides lots of unicode glyphs, right-to-left
# text rendering and scalability on retina/hidpi displays (thanks to pango).
font pango:DejaVu Sans 10
 
 
default_border normal 3
hide_edge_borders none
binding_mode_indicator yes
 
#set $bg-color #2f446f
#set $inactive-bg-color #2f343f
#set $text-color #ffb25a
#set $inactive-text_color #676e7d
#set $urgent-bg-color #bd2c40
 
#client.focused $bg-color $bg-color $text-color #2255ff
#client.unfocused $inactive-bg-color $bg-color $text-color #225ff
#client.focused_inactive $inactive-bg-color $inactive-bg-color $inactive-text-color #2255ff
#client.urgent $urgent-bg-color $urgent-bg-color $text_color #2255ff
 
workspace_auto_back_and_forth yes
 
# The combination of xss-lock, nm-applet and pactl is a popular choice, so
# they are included here as an example. Modify as you see fit.
 
# xss-lock grabs a logind suspend inhibit lock and will use i3lock to lock the
# screen before suspend. Use loginctl lock-session to lock your screen.
#exec --no-startup-id xss-lock --transfer-sleep-lock -- i3lock --nofork
 
# NetworkManager is the most popular way to manage wireless networks on Linux,
# and nm-applet is a desktop environment-independent system tray GUI for it.
#exec --no-startup-id nm-applet
 
exec --no-startup-id synclient tapbutton1=-1
exec --no-startup-id /home/gm4slv/noblank.sh
exec --no-startup-id conky
exec --no-startup-id xsetroot -solid midnightblue
 
 
exec --no-startup-id ~/background.sh
 
#exec --no-startup-id polybar example
 
exec_always --no-startup-id autotile
#exec_always --no-startup-id ~/autosplit
 
bindsym $mod+p exec --no-startup-id ~/promote-window
 
# Use pactl to adjust volume in PulseAudio.
set $refresh_i3status killall -SIGUSR1 i3status
bindsym XF86AudioRaiseVolume exec --no-startup-id pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ +10% && $refresh_i3status
bindsym XF86AudioLowerVolume exec --no-startup-id pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ -10% && $refresh_i3status
bindsym XF86AudioMute exec --no-startup-id pactl set-sink-mute @DEFAULT_SINK@ toggle && $refresh_i3status
#bindsym XF86AudioMicMute exec --no-startup-id pactl set-source-mute @DEFAULT_SOURCE@ toggle && $refresh_i3status
 
#bindsym XF86AudioMute exec amixer sset 'Master' toggle
#bindsym XF86AudioLowerVolume exec amixer sset 'Master' 5%-
#bindsym XF86AudioRaiseVolume exec amixer sset 'Master' 5%+
 
 
# Use Mouse+$mod to drag floating windows to their wanted position
floating_modifier $mod
 
# start a terminal
#bindsym $mod+Return exec i3-sensible-terminal
bindsym $mod+Return exec lxterminal
 
# kill focused window
bindsym $mod+Shift+q kill
 
# start dmenu (a program launcher)
bindsym $mod+d exec --no-startup-id dmenu_run
# A more modern dmenu replacement is rofi:
# bindcode $mod+40 exec "rofi -modi drun,run -show drun"
# There also is i3-dmenu-desktop which only displays applications shipping a
# .desktop file. It is a wrapper around dmenu, so you need that installed.
# bindcode $mod+40 exec --no-startup-id i3-dmenu-desktop
 
# change focus
bindsym $mod+h focus left
bindsym $mod+j focus down
bindsym $mod+k focus up
bindsym $mod+l focus right
 
# alternatively, you can use the cursor keys:
bindsym $mod+Left focus left
bindsym $mod+Down focus down
bindsym $mod+Up focus up
bindsym $mod+Right focus right
 
# move focused window
bindsym $mod+Shift+h move left
bindsym $mod+Shift+j move down
bindsym $mod+Shift+k move up
bindsym $mod+Shift+l move right
 
# alternatively, you can use the cursor keys:
bindsym $mod+Shift+Left move left
bindsym $mod+Shift+Down move down
bindsym $mod+Shift+Up move up
bindsym $mod+Shift+Right move right
 
# split in horizontal orientation
#bindsym $mod+h split h
 
# split in vertical orientation
#bindsym $mod+v split v
 
# enter fullscreen mode for the focused container
bindsym $mod+f fullscreen toggle
 
# change container layout (stacked, tabbed, toggle split)
bindsym $mod+s layout stacking
bindsym $mod+w layout tabbed
bindsym $mod+e layout toggle split
 
# toggle tiling / floating
bindsym $mod+Shift+space floating toggle
 
# change focus between tiling / floating windows
bindsym $mod+space focus mode_toggle
 
# focus the parent container
bindsym $mod+a focus parent
 
# focus the child container
#bindsym $mod+d focus child
 
# Define names for default workspaces for which we configure key bindings later on.
# We use variables to avoid repeating the names in multiple places.
set $ws1 "1"
set $ws2 "2"
set $ws3 "3"
set $ws4 "4"
set $ws5 "5"
set $ws6 "6"
set $ws7 "7"
set $ws8 "8"
set $ws9 "9"
set $ws10 "10"
 
# switch to workspace
bindsym $mod+1 workspace number $ws1
bindsym $mod+2 workspace number $ws2
bindsym $mod+3 workspace number $ws3
bindsym $mod+4 workspace number $ws4
bindsym $mod+5 workspace number $ws5
bindsym $mod+6 workspace number $ws6
bindsym $mod+7 workspace number $ws7
bindsym $mod+8 workspace number $ws8
bindsym $mod+9 workspace number $ws9
bindsym $mod+0 workspace number $ws10
 
# move focused container to workspace
bindsym $mod+Shift+1 move container to workspace number $ws1
bindsym $mod+Shift+2 move container to workspace number $ws2
bindsym $mod+Shift+3 move container to workspace number $ws3
bindsym $mod+Shift+4 move container to workspace number $ws4
bindsym $mod+Shift+5 move container to workspace number $ws5
bindsym $mod+Shift+6 move container to workspace number $ws6
bindsym $mod+Shift+7 move container to workspace number $ws7
bindsym $mod+Shift+8 move container to workspace number $ws8
bindsym $mod+Shift+9 move container to workspace number $ws9
bindsym $mod+Shift+0 move container to workspace number $ws10
 
# reload the configuration file
bindsym $mod+Shift+c reload
# restart i3 inplace (preserves your layout/session, can be used to upgrade i3)
bindsym $mod+Shift+r restart
bindsym $mod+Shift+x exec i3lock
# exit i3 (logs you out of your X session)
bindsym $mod+Shift+e exec "i3-nagbar -t warning -m 'You pressed the exit shortcut. Do you really want to exit i3? This will end your X session.' -B 'Yes, exit i3' 'i3-msg exit'"
 
 
 
##############################
#
#  Program Shortcuts
#
##############################
 
# "b" for "browser"
bindsym $mod+b exec --no-startup-id firefox
 
 
##############################
#
#  SCRATCHPAD
#
#
###############################
 
set $scratchpad-size 1000 700
 
bindsym $mod+Shift+minus move scratchpad
bindsym $mod+minus scratchpad show
 
bindsym $mod+m [title="AlpineMail"] scratchpad show ; move position center
bindsym $mod+n [title="NewsboatReader"] scratchpad show ; move position center
bindsym $mod+comma [title="RangerFM"] scratchpad show ; move position center
bindsym $mod+period [title="Connman"] scratchpad show ; move position center
 
exec --no-startup-id lxterminal -T AlpineMail -e ~/rpine 
exec --no-startup-id lxterminal -T NewsboatReader -e /usr/bin/newsboat
exec --no-startup-id lxterminal -T RangerFM -e ranger
exec --no-startup-id cmst -M
 
for_window [title="Connman System Tray"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad
for_window [title="AlpineMail"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad
for_window [title="NewsboatReader"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad 
for_window [title="RangerFM"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad 
 
 
################################################
#
#
#
 
 
# resize window (you can also use the mouse for that)
mode "resize" {
        # These bindings trigger as soon as you enter the resize mode
 
        # Pressing left will shrink the window’s width.
        # Pressing right will grow the window’s width.
        # Pressing up will shrink the window’s height.
        # Pressing down will grow the window’s height.
        bindsym j resize shrink width 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym k resize grow height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym l resize shrink height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym semicolon resize grow width 10 px or 10 ppt
 
        # same bindings, but for the arrow keys
        bindsym Left resize shrink width 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym Down resize grow height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym Up resize shrink height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym Right resize grow width 10 px or 10 ppt
 
        # back to normal: Enter or Escape or $mod+r
        bindsym Return mode "default"
        bindsym Caps_Lock mode "default"
        bindsym $mod+r mode "default"
}
 
bindsym $mod+r mode "resize"
 
 
 
# Start i3bar to display a workspace bar (plus the system information i3status
# finds out, if available)
bar {
     font pango:DejaVu Sans mono 10
     status_command i3status -c ~/i3status.conf
}

i3status bar

i3status.conf

# i3status configuration file.
# see "man i3status" for documentation.
 
# It is important that this file is edited as UTF-8.
# The following line should contain a sharp s:
# ß
# If the above line is not correctly displayed, fix your editor first!
 
general {
        colors = true
        interval = 5
}
 
#order += "ipv6"
order += "wireless _first_"
order += "ethernet _first_"
order += "battery 0"
#order += "disk /"
order += "load"
order += "cpu_usage"
order += "cpu_temperature 0"
#order += "memory"
order += "tztime local"
 
wireless _first_ {
        format_up = "W: (%quality at %essid) %ip"
        format_down = "W: down"
}
 
ethernet _first_ {
        format_up = "E: %ip (%speed)"
        format_down = "E: down"
}
 
battery 0 {
	status_chr = "⚡"
        status_bat = "🔋"
        status_unk = "? "
        status_full = "☻ "
	low_threshold = 10
        format = "B: %status %percentage %remaining"
}
 
 
 
disk "/" {
        format = "%avail"
}
 
load {
        format = "L: %1min"
}
 
cpu_temperature 0 {
	format = "T: %degrees°C"
}
 
cpu_usage {
	format = "CPU0 %cpu0 / CPU1 %cpu1"
}
 
memory {
	memory_used_method = "classical"
        format = "%free / %used"
	threshold_degraded = "2G"
        format_degraded = "MEMORY < %available"
}
 
tztime local {
        format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"
}

Conky

.conkyrc

# Standard antiX .conkyrc file
# For conky editing help and commands visit = Casey's Conky Reference with Examples {http://www.ifxgroup.net/conky.htm}
 
# set to yes if you want Conky to be forked in the background
background yes
 
short_units yes
 
cpu_avg_samples 1
net_avg_samples 1
 
out_to_console no
 
# X font when Xft is disabled, you can pick one with program xfontsel
#font 7x12
#font 6x10
#font 7x13
font 8x12
#font 7x12
 
# Use Xft?
use_xft yes
 
# Xft font when Xft is enabled
#xftfont gentium:size=12
#ftfont DejaVu Sans:size=10
xftfont DejaVu Sans:bold:size=9
#xftfont DejaVu Sans:size=9
 
# Create own window instead of using desktop (required in nautilus, pcmanfm and rox desktops)
own_window yes
own_window_class Conky
own_window_transparent yes
own_window_hints undecorated,below,sticky,skip_taskbar
own_window_type override
 
# Text alpha when using Xft
xftalpha 1.0
 
#on_bottom no
 
# Update interval in seconds
update_interval 1
 
# Use double buffering (reduces flicker, may not work for everyone)
double_buffer yes
 
# Minimum size of text area
minimum_size 55
maximum_width 190
 
# Draw shades?
draw_shades no
 
# Draw outlines?
draw_outline no
 
# Draw borders around text
draw_borders no
 
# Stippled borders?
stippled_borders 0
 
# border margins
#border_margin 10
 
# border width
border_width 2
 
# Default colors and also border colors
default_color white
default_shade_color white
default_outline_color white
 
#color ffffff
color4 yellow
color8 77ccff
color9 5599cc
 
# Text alignment, other possible values are commented
# alignment top_left
alignment top_right
#alignment bottom_left
#alignment bottom_right
 
# Gap between borders of screen and text
 
gap_x 20
gap_y 40
 
# Add spaces to keep things from moving about?  This only affects certain objects.
use_spacer right
 
# Subtract file system buffers from used memory?
no_buffers yes
 
# if_up_strictness link:  up | link | address
if_up_strictness address
 
# set to yes if you want all text to be in uppercase
uppercase no
 
TEXT
${alignc}$nodename
${alignc}${color8}${font DejaVu Sans:size=12}${time %H:%M} ${font} ${color}
${alignc}${time %a %d %b}
${alignc}Uptime: $uptime
#${alignc}${exec disp=${DISPLAY#:}; disp=${disp%.[0-9]}; cat $HOME/.desktop-session/desktop-code.$disp 2>/dev/null}
#res:${alignr}${execi 60 xdpyinfo | sed -n -r "s/^\s*dimensions:.*\s([0-9]+x[0-9]+).*/\1/p"}
#dpi:${alignr}${execi 60 sed -nr "s/^\s*Xft.dpi:\s*([0-9]+(x[0-9]+)?).*/\1/p" $HOME/.Xresources | grep "[0-9]" || echo 96}
#Automount: ${alignr}${execi 60 grep -q "^automount=TRUE" $HOME/.desktop-session/automount.conf 2>/dev/null && echo "enabled" || echo "disabled"}
Freq:${alignr}${freq}
CPU:${alignr}${cpu}%
#${color}Init:${alignr}${color3}${execi 60 detect-init.sh}
${alignr}${cpugraph cpu0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
Disk:${alignr}${diskio}
${alignr}${diskiograph 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}${if_up eth0}
eth0 up: $alignr ${upspeed eth0}
${alignr}${upspeedgraph   eth0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
eth0 down: $alignr ${downspeed eth0}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph eth0 30,170  5599cc 5599cc}${endif}${if_up eth1}
eth1 up: $alignr ${upspeed eth1}
${alignr}${upspeedgraph   eth1 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
eth1 down: $alignr ${downspeed eth1}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph eth1 30,170  5599cc 5599cc}${endif}${if_up wlan0}
 
Wireless 
IP  $alignr ${addr wlan0}
Gate $alignr  $gw_ip
NS $alignr $nameserver
 
wlan0 up: $alignr ${upspeed wlan0}
${alignr}${upspeedgraph   wlan0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
wlan0 down: $alignr ${downspeed wlan0}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph wlan0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}${endif}${if_up wlan1}
wlan1 up: $alignr ${upspeed wlan1}
${alignr} ${upspeedgraph   wlan1 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
wlan1 down: $alignr ${downspeed wlan1}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph wlan1 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}${endif}
${alignr}${color8}Used / Total ${color}
RAM:${alignr}$mem / $memmax
Swap:${alignr}$swap / $swapmax
/ Disk:${alignr}${fs_used /} / ${fs_size /}
#${alignc}${execi 1000 persist-enabled}
 
${font DejaVu Sans Mono:size=10}${execi 30 ~/ruptime}

Gather ruptime information about local LAN Linux boxes from the rwhod service and format it with a small script ~/ruptime called from conkyrc

${font DejaVu Sans Mono:size=10}${execi 30 ~/ruptime}

ruptime local script

#!/bin/bash
 
/usr/bin/ruptime -a | cut -c1-8,13-16,18-27

Real ruptime returns:

gm4slv@antix1:~ $ ruptime 
antix1        up    1+04:34,     0 users,  load 0.63, 0.48, 0.47
aprs          up  116+04:03,     0 users,  load 0.00, 0.01, 0.00
laptop        up    9+16:04,     0 users,  load 1.27, 1.09, 1.04
nas1          up  185+23:19,     0 users,  load 0.33, 0.48, 0.47
shack         up      16:19,     0 users,  load 0.16, 0.22, 0.21

My small script formats it for conky

gm4slv@antix1:~ $ ./ruptime 
antix1    up   1+04:34
aprs      up 116+04:03
laptop    up   9+16:04
nas1      up 185+23:19
shack     up     16:19

add neofetch output as image to root window

background.sh

#!/bin/bash



while :
do
	
	neofetch --disable term > fetch

	ansilove -q -m transparent fetch

	feh --bg-center -B midnightblue fetch.png

	sleep 300

done

Keys cheatsheet

$mod+p = promote window

$mod+Return = terminal

$mod+Shift+q = kill window

$mod+d = dmenu

$mod+h = focus left
$mod+j = focus down
$mod+k = focus up
$mod+l = focus right


$mod+Shift+h = move left
$mod+Shift+j = move down
$mod+Shift+k = move up
$mod+Shift+l = move right


$mod+f = fullsreen toggle


=== When using Autotile these are for the next window to be created ====

$mod+s = stacking
$mod+w = tabbed
$mod+e = toggle h or v

=== Toggle a window between tiled and floating ===

$mod+Shift+space = floating toggle

=== Switch focus between a floating window and the tiled window(s)

$mod+space focus mode_toggle


$mod+a = focus parent

Additional Software

urxvt

Configured vi ~/.Xdefaults

For Ranger icons use DejavuSansMono NFM:size=11:style=Book

A bug makes font rendering odd, with too much space between characters (kerning is wrong)

A fix is to put Xft.rgba: none into ~/.Xdefaults

Another fix is to put URxvt.letterSpace=-1 into ~/.Xdefaults

Here's the ~/.Xdefaults I use:

Some un-used lines are commented out, but might be useful in testing….

Xft.rgba: none
#Xft.hintstyle: hintfull
#URxvt.letterSpace:-1
 
Xcursor.size:10
#URxvt.skipBuiltinGlyphs: true
URxvt.scrollBar: false
URxvt.boldFont: 
#URxvt.font: xft:DejaVuSansMono:style=Book:size=11
#URxvt.font: xft:Monospace:size=11, xft:DejaVuSansMono NFM:style=Book
URxvt.font: xft:DejaVuSansMono NFM:size=11:style=Book

Ranger

Image Previews: /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf :

set preview_images true

set preview_images_method w3m

Draw borders round segments of display /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf :
```
set draw_borders both
```
Icons following instructions here: https://github.com/alexanderjeurissen/ranger_devicons
- /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf :
```
default_linemode devicons
```
Font for icons : https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases/download/v2.2.2/DejaVuSansMono.zip
- unzipped into : ~/.fonts
- font cache re-built with
```
fc-cache -fv
```
Use Lxterminal - handles icons and image previews (st is poor for image previews)
commands for exracting and creating compressed archives (zip, tar, tar.gz etc) from here https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/ranger#Archives
- added both python snippets to /etc/ranger/config/commands.py
- added keybindings to /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf
```
 
map ,n console compress 
map ,m compress temp.zip
map ,e console extract_here 
```
- extract a zip/tar/tar.gz by the keystroke ,e
- create an automatically named temp.zip archive by selecting the files (Space) and then ,m
- create a named archive of your choice ,n your_archive_name.[tar|zip|tar.gz]

<insert> : touch (new file)

gg   : move to top
G    : move to bottom

<F1> : help
<F2> : rename
<F3> : view (less)
<F4> : edit (vim) 
<F5> : copy
<F6> : cut
<F7> : mkdir
<F8> : delete
<F10>: quit


<space> : select
uv : un-select

yy : yank (copy)
dd : cut

ud : un-cut
uy : un-cut(yank)

pp : paste


gh : GoHome
zh : show hidden dotfiles

Archive operation commands
,n : new named archive 
,m : new "temp.zip"
,e : extract_here

— John Pumford-Green 09/10/22 12:38

Further Information

CCIR493 Selcall

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 17:08:18 +0000

←Radio Topics

CCIR493 Selcall

HF Selcall Experiments

Background

I became interested in HF selcall when I was looking for a way of setting up impromptu QSOs with specific stations, for doing tests etc., without the need for listening by ear for calls. Various ideas were considered for controlling an audio mute, and alerting the operator, on HF, but nothing seemed appropriate (CTCSS, DTMF etc) until I stumbled on CCIR493 HF Selcall, specifically designed to cope with conditions on the HF bands.

The protocol was familiar, as it's very similar (but slightly simpler) than GMDSS DSC. This led to more reading and research. CCIR493 is widely used in Land Mobile HF SSB in Australia and in other countries which use HF SSB as a communications method. It seems largely unused in Europe. In Australia it is used on the networks set up to assist 4WD outback travellers, with Selcall used to initiate contact with the various base stations.

Selcall's beacon and 99 beacon functions can be used to check if a particular station is reachable before attempting a voice call.

This seemed ideal…. down the rabbit hole of HF Selcall…..

Basic details

CCIR493 HF Selcall is a predecessor to GMDSS DSC used in Marine Radio.

Two Tone FSK with 170Hz shift
100baud signalling rate
Tone frequencies 1700 = 0, 1870 = 1 (tone centre = 1785)
- compare with DSC: 1615 = 1, 1785 = 0 (tone centre = 1700, inverted shift)
Symbols are 10-bit words, 7 bit + 3 parity bits
Dotting pre-amble of alternating 1010….. 2 to 20 seconds depending on expected scan-group size
Same “symbol repeat after 4” RX/DX interleaving as DSC
Same phasing sequence as DSC
No overall Error Check Sum, unlike DSC

At its simplest a selcall transmission can be either:

Directed call to a specific address
1. Selcall = send a revertive signal over the air AND alert the remote operator. The FMT symbol = 120
2. Directed-Beacon = send revertive signal over the air, but do not alert remote operator. The FMT symbol = 123
99-beacon call to a group of addresses = all stations send revertive signal over the air, but do not alert remote operator. The 99-beacon call is a special form of a directed selcall, with the FMT symbol of 120 and the final two digits of the destination address = 99. Receiving decoders understand to treat the call as a special type of beacon call despite the FMT being 120 (Selcall)

The directed-beacon to a specific address will confirm if that station is reachable, without disturbing the operator.

The 99-beacon call confirms whether any station in the group are reachable - the group is “any station with the first two digits matching”. The address used for the 99-beacon call is XX99, where XX is the leading digits of the desired group. For example, a group stations 3610, 3602, 3603, 3654 would all respond to a 99-beacon call addressed to 3699

Jenal SC2 Mic

HF Selcall is widely used in Australia, and there is a large market for add-on Selcall devices (to convert non-selcall radios) there. One manufacturer of Selcall equipment is JENAL.

At the time of my first exploration of Selcall I found that the SC2 microphone seemed like the perfect solution. The SC2 had been out of production, but Jenal had just released a new batch and I bought TWO of them, allowing me to experiment in isolation, should I fail to find any other amateur stations suitably equipped.

SC2 Handbook

One SC2 microphone can be connected to a Xiegu G90 portable HF transceiver, capable of 20W pep, and the other SC2 can be connected to a home made 60m SSB transceiver, also capable of 20W PEP, at the main station.

Scanning

The SC2 is capable of controlling the transceiver to scan, waiting for incoming selcall dotting signals, when it will pause the scan to decode any selcall message and act upon it as appropriate. Scan will resume after a certain period. The simplest scanning method is to pulse the channel up or channel down line present on most ham-grade transceivers on the mic-connector and thus the radio will step through its memory channels looking for selcall signals.

Previous Selcall Activity

In previous periods of activity with Selcall I have managed a few contacts and QSOs. Mainly with two stations who were already equipped with Barrett or Codan radios which can use CCIR493 “out of the box”.

GM4WMM - with a Barrett 950. We successfully operated on a small set of predetermined channels in the 80m, 60m, 40m bands, scanning, and selecting the optimum channel using beacon calls.
F6EMT - with a Codan . Made several contacts on 20m, some of them while mobile, initiated as random Selcall QSOs.

For 2023 I hope to find some more Selcall-equipped stations willing to try some experiments.

Selcall Activity 2023

[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-04-30] ~~Attach SC2 to Xiegu G90~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-04-30]~~Set up 60m homebrew radio & amplifier & attach SC2~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-05-05]~~Install mobile whip on van for use with G90~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-04-30]~~Make adaptor for IC-M710 to allow easy connection of SC2 in place of usual datamode interface, for access to more bands~~
Try to make contact with like minded experimenters for on-air tests

UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 30/04/23 16:57

When not otherwise engaged I'll leave my main station IC-M710 monitoring 14.343MHz or 18.163MHz with Selcall ID 3658. I may not be able to respond directly to any calls the Selcall will send revertives (at 50W) for successful selcall or beacon calls to 3658or for 99-beacon calls to 3699

For skeds please contact me by email - address at https://www.qrz.com/db/GM4SLV

I have re-enabled emails from the hf-link groups.io https://groups.io/g/hflink to see what's happening here - the only place where CCIR493 appears to be discussed/used.

Further Information

For new (2026) adventures in Selcall : CCIR493 Selcall - 2026

~~Blackcat Android app for generating various Selcalls, including Barrett/Codan~~

Code snippets

My Python2 Selcall TX encoder

selcal_functions.py (Click to view)

# CCIR 493-4 Selcal Symbol Generator / CPFSK Modulator
# Wire2waves Ltd
# March 2015
# with CW ID for use on Amateur Radio bands
 
version = "v0.2"
 
# Imports
import numpy
import pyaudio
import struct
import time
from math import *
 
# quick and dirty CW Ident
# words per minute
wpm = 20
# dot period
cwdit = 1.2 / wpm
# dash period
cwdah = cwdit * 3
 
w_amp = (2**15) - 1
 
# define the output audio stream for the main data
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
cpfsk_stream = p.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=9600, output=1)
 
# make a second stream for the Tune carrier & cw ident
pt = pyaudio.PyAudio()
tunestream = pt.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=9600, output=1)
 
pc = pyaudio.PyAudio()
cwstream = pc.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=9600, output=1)
 
# convert text to symbol value using dictionaries
fmt_symbol_dict = { "sel" : "120", "bcn" : "123" }
cat_symbol_dict = { "rtn" : "100"}
eos_symbol_dict = { "req" : "117" }
 
 
# list containing Phasing Symbols in DX/RX order. 
 
phasing_symbol = [ "125", "109", "125", "108", "125", "107", "125", "106", "125", "105", "125", "104" ]
 
# Instead of doing bit-twiddling to convert each symbol
# value to its 10-bit parity protected word, which involves padding to full 7-bits, counting zeros,
# reversing the bit order, shifting bits and "ORing" in the parity bits
# we just use a dictionary containing the conversion between symbol value and its 10-bit parity protected word
#
parity_table = { 
"00" : "0000000111", "01" : "1000000110", "02" : "0100000110", "03" : "1100000101", 
"04" : "0010000110", "05" : "1010000101", "06" : "0110000101", "07" : "1110000100",
"08" : "0001000110", "09" : "1001000101", "10" : "0101000101", "11" : "1101000100", 
"12" : "0011000101", "13" : "1011000100", "14" : "0111000100", "15" : "1111000011", 
"16" : "0000100110", "17" : "1000100101", "18" : "0100100101", "19" : "1100100100", 
"20" : "0010100101", "21" : "1010100100", "22" : "0110100100", "23" : "1110100011", 
"24" : "0001100101", "25" : "1001100100", "26" : "0101100100", "27" : "1101100011", 
"28" : "0011100100", "29" : "1011100011", "30" : "0111100011", "31" : "1111100010", 
"32" : "0000010110", "33" : "1000010101", "34" : "0100010101", "35" : "1100010100", 
"36" : "0010010101", "37" : "1010010100", "38" : "0110010100", "39" : "1110010011", 
"40" : "0001010101", "41" : "1001010100", "42" : "0101010100", "43" : "1101010011", 
"44" : "0011010100", "45" : "1011010011", "46" : "0111010011", "47" : "1111010010", 
"48" : "0000110101", "49" : "1000110100", "50" : "0100110100", "51" : "1100110011", 
"52" : "0010110100", "53" : "1010110011", "54" : "0110110011", "55" : "1110110010", 
"56" : "0001110100", "57" : "1001110011", "58" : "0101110011", "59" : "1101110010", 
"60" : "0011110011", "61" : "1011110010", "62" : "0111110010", "63" : "1111110001", 
"64" : "0000001110", "65" : "1000001101", "66" : "0100001101", "67" : "1100001100", 
"68" : "0010001101", "69" : "1010001100", "70" : "0110001100", "71" : "1110001011", 
"72" : "0001001101", "73" : "1001001100", "74" : "0101001100", "75" : "1101001011", 
"76" : "0011001100", "77" : "1011001011", "78" : "0111001011", "79" : "1111001010", 
"80" : "0000101101", "81" : "1000101100", "82" : "0100101100", "83" : "1100101011", 
"84" : "0010101100", "85" : "1010101011", "86" : "0110101011", "87" : "1110101010", 
"88" : "0001101100", "89" : "1001101011", "90" : "0101101011", "91" : "1101101010", 
"92" : "0011101011", "93" : "1011101010", "94" : "0111101010", "95" : "1111101001", 
"96" : "0000011101", "97" : "1000011100", "98" : "0100011100", "99" : "1100011011", 
"100" : "0010011100", "101" : "1010011011", "102" : "0110011011", "103" : "1110011010", 
"104" : "0001011100", "105" : "1001011011", "106" : "0101011011", "107" : "1101011010", 
"108" : "0011011011", "109" : "1011011010", "110" : "0111011010", "111" : "1111011001", 
"112" : "0000111100", "113" : "1000111011", "114" : "0100111011", "115" : "1100111010", 
"116" : "0010111011", "117" : "1010111010", "118" : "0110111010", "119" : "1110111001", 
"120" : "0001111011", "121" : "1001111010", "122" : "0101111010", "123" : "1101111001", 
"124" : "0011111010", "125" : "1011111001", "126" : "0111111001", "127" : "1111111000" 
}
 
cw_table = {
"A" : ".-",
"B" : "-...",
"C" : "-.-.",
"D" : "-..",
"E" : ".",
"F" : "..-.",
"G" : "--.",
"H" : "....",
"I" : "..",
"J" : ".---",
"K" : "-.-",
"L" : ".-..",
"M" : "--",
"N" : "-.",
"O" : "---",
"P" : ".--.",
"Q" : "--.-",
"R" : ".-.",
"S" : "...",
"T" : "-",
"U" : "..-",
"V" : "...-",
"W" : ".--",
"X" : "-..-",
"Y" : "--.-",
"Z" : "--..",
"1" : ".----",
"2" : "..---",
"3" : "...--",
"4" : "....-",
"5" : ".....",
"6" : "-....",
"7" : "--...",
"8" : "---..",
"9" : "----.",
"0" : "-----",
" " : "",
"/" : "-..-.",
"?" : "..--..",
"+" : ".-.-."
}
 
#####################
# function definitions
#
 
##############
#  Tone generators (not used for data, but for Tune and CW signals)
#
# Setting the "cspace" and "lspace" amplitudes (pwr) to non-zero
# will produce FSK-style CW, as used in Beacons etc,
 
def sine(frequency, length, rate):
    length = int(length * rate)
    factor = float(frequency) * (pi * 2) / rate
    return numpy.sin(numpy.arange(length) * factor)#
#
# Generate a carrier to allow Auto-ATU to re-tune when changing frequency
# reduced amplitude, 3 seconds 
#
def tune_carrier(pwr):
    frequency = 1785
    length = 3
    rate = 9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) * (w_amp * pwr)
    tunestream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())
 
def dash(pwr):
    frequency=1900
    length=cwdah 
    rate=9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())    
 
def dot(pwr):
    frequency=1900
    length=cwdit
    rate=9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())  
 
def cspace(pwr):
    frequency=1700
    length=cwdit
    rate=9600 
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())     
 
def lspace(pwr):
    frequency=1700
    length=cwdah
    rate=9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())      
#
#   
################################
 
def make_call(cw_table, call):
    callsign = ""
    for i in call:
        callsign += cw_table[i]
        callsign += "s"        
    return callsign
 
def cwid(call, pwr):
    callsign = make_call(cw_table, call)
    for i in callsign:
        if i == "-":
            dash(pwr)
            cspace(pwr)
        elif i == ".":
            dot(pwr)
            cspace(pwr)
        elif i == "s":
            lspace(pwr)
 
###########
 
 
# split a 4 digit Selcal into two 2-digit symbols
# resulting symbols are returned as a list
def sel_id_symbol(sel_id):
    sel_id_list = [(sel_id[i:i+2]) for i in range(0, len(sel_id), 2)]    
    return sel_id_list
 
 
# build the basic Call:
# Selcal messages are of the form:  "fmt to_id cat self_id eos eos eos"
 
def build_call(f_s, a_s, c_s, s_s, eos_s):
 
    sel_call = []
 
    sel_call.append(f_s)
 
    for i in a_s:
        sel_call.append(i)
 
    sel_call.append(c_s)
 
    for i in s_s:
        sel_call.append(i)
 
    sel_call.append(eos_s)
 
    sel_call.append(eos_s)
    sel_call.append(eos_s)
 
    return sel_call
 
 
 
# interleave the symbols into DX and RX sequence 
# at the same time convert between symbol value and
# 10-bit parity word by looking in the parity_table dictionary.
 
def interleave(parity_table, phasing, sel_list):
 
    symbol_count = len(sel_list)
 
    sel_dxrx = []
    # interleave the phasing sequence
    for p in range(0,12):
        sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[phasing[p]]) #dxrx
 
    # add dx and rx copies of the format symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[0]]) #dx
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[0]]) #rx
 
    # add the DX copy of the the to_ID
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[1]]) #dx
 
    # add another RX copy of the format symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[0]]) #rx
 
    # add the DX copy of the category symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[2]]) #dx
 
    # loop through the remaining symbols to add the RX and DX versions 
    for i in range(0,symbol_count-3):
        sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[i]]) #rx
        sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[i+3]]) #dx
 
    # add a final DX and RX copy of the EOS symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[-1]])
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[-1]])    
 
    # sel_dxrx is a list of 10-bit words, as ones and noughts, for the complete message
    return sel_dxrx
 
 
# Make a 600-bit dotting period of alternating 1/0 in a string
 
# Selcal dotting periods often 6 seconds (and up to 20 seconds in some
# instances) to allow for capturing scanning radios. 
# We send 300 bits / 6 seconds for now, pending a decision to extend or reduce the dotting period.
 
# Append to the string each 10-bit interleaved word, to create a string of 
# ones and noughts.
 
# return a string of ones & noughts representing the complete message
 
def make_bitstream(sel_dxrx):
    sel_bitstream= "10"  * 300 # dotting
    for i in sel_dxrx:
        sel_bitstream += i
    return sel_bitstream
 
 
 
# DSC and Selcall use tone spacing and baud rate that prevents the use of 
# "Sunde's FSK" method to create glitch-less bit transitions.
#
# To minimize bandwidth it's necessary to use "Continuous Phase FSK" which
# has a smooth transition of the waveform at the bit boundary. The method used is time-consuming
# as we have to create each audio sample based on the phase-advance of each bit-period and 
# store them in a buffer before sending them out to the soundcard via PyAudio.
# 
# This function is courtesy of Bill Lionheart : billlionheart@gmail.com
#
# Make the CPFSK-modulated sample values, pack them into a list, and convert to a string 
# to feed PyAudio  
#
 
def modulate(fmsg, fcarrier, f0, f1, fsample, baud, amp):
 
    if amp > 1.0:
       amp = 1.0
 
    sel_amp =  (w_amp * amp)
 
    mlen = len(fmsg)
 
    mtime = mlen/baud  
 
    nsamp = int(round(fsample*mtime))
 
    deltaT = 1.0/fsample
 
    ph=0
 
    y = [0] * nsamp
 
    for i in range(nsamp): # i = sample number
 
        thisbit = int(floor((i/float(nsamp))* mlen)) 
 
        # "thisbit" is the index number of the data-bit being modulated,
        # the same data-bit is used for "the number of samples which occupy 1 bit period"
 
        if fmsg[thisbit]:
            f = f1 
        else:
            f = f0 
 
        # if this bit is a 1 then f = mark-freq, else f = space-freq
 
        ph +=  2*pi*(fcarrier + f)*deltaT
 
        # phase advances during sample period according the actual mark or space freq
        # when the bit changes between 1 and 0, the phase advance in deltaT is small, and
        # continuity in phase is achieved. The signal then starts to advance
        # in phase according to the new frequency appropriate the the bit (one or nought)
        #being sent.
 
        # reset phase to zero every 360 degrees
        if ph> 2*pi: 
            ph = ph - 2*pi
 
        y[i]=sel_amp*(sin(ph)) # y is an 8-bit value
        # y[i] is the current sample's amplitude - the "sin of current accumulated phase"
 
    wave_list = []
    for v in y:
        vp = struct.pack('h',v)
        wave_list.append(vp)
    wavestring = ''.join(wave_list)
 
    return wavestring
 
 
# Take the message to be sent and
# 1) interleave
# 2) make bitstream as a string
# 3) convert to list, for the CPFSK modulator function, 
# 4) calculate the sample values using the "modulate()" function
# 5) write the string of sample values to pyaudio
 
 
def transmit_sel(sel_call, pwr):
    #
    # 1) interleave the message and phasing DX and RX symbols together, and also convert to 10-bit parity words
    sel_dxrx = interleave(parity_table, phasing_symbol, sel_call) 
 
    # 2) create a string with the ones and noughts representing the full message
    sel_bitstream = make_bitstream(sel_dxrx)
 
    # 3) convert the string into a list, to feed the CPFSK modulator
    bitstream_list = [int(sel_bitstream[i:i+1]) for i in range(0, len(sel_bitstream), 1)]
 
    # 4) get a list of sample values from the CPFSK modulator
    #
    # arguments for modulate() : (source of message_bits(a list), f-centre, space_dev, mark_dev, sample_rate, baud_rate, amplitude)
    # returns a string of 8-bit signed values to feed PyAudio
 
    wave = modulate(bitstream_list, 1785, -85, +85, 9600, 100.0, pwr)
 
    # 5) make some noise...
 
    cpfsk_stream.write(wave)
 
    return

selcal_gui.py (Click to view )

# Wire2waves Ltd
# CCIR 493-4 Selcal Generator & Modulator
# Generic, non-TX GUI
 
 
from Tkinter import *
from selcal_functions import *
import threading
import Queue
import time
 
version = "v0.2"
 
 
class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master):
        """ Initialize frame"""
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()
 
        # we manage the three sound-producing functions in Threads, run at startup but only produce
        # output when their Queues are set to "1"
        self.selqueue = Queue.Queue()
        self.tunequeue = Queue.Queue()
        self.cwqueue = Queue.Queue()
        self.tunequeue.put(0)
        self.selqueue.put(0)
        self.cwqueue.put(0)
        t1 = threading.Thread(target = self.tune)
        t1.setDaemon(True)
        t1.start()
        c1 = threading.Thread(target = self.send_cwid)
        c1.setDaemon(True)
        c1.start()
        d1 = threading.Thread(target = self.send_sel)
        d1.setDaemon(True)
        d1.start()
 
 
    def create_widgets(self):
 
        ###### 
        #
        # The Address Entry Fields
        self.to_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "To ID", fg = 'red').grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.to_sel_id_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'red')
        self.to_sel_id_e.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        self.to_sel_id_e.insert(0, "3922")
 
 
        self.from_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "Self ID", fg = 'blue').grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.from_sel_id_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        self.from_sel_id_e.grid(row = 1, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        self.from_sel_id_e.insert(0, "3921")
 
        ###################
        #
        # The "Format" selection radio buttons
        self.fmt = StringVar()
        self.fmt_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "Format").grid(row = 5, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.sel_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Sel", variable = self.fmt, value = "sel")
        self.sel_r.grid(row = 5, column = 1, sticky = W)
        self.bcn_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Bcn", variable = self.fmt, value = "bcn")
        self.bcn_r.grid(row = 5, column = 2, sticky = W)
        #self.fmt_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        #self.fmt_e.grid(row = 5, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        #self.fmt_e.insert(0, "120")
 
        #
        # click the "SEL" radio button
        self.sel_r.invoke()
        #
        ########
 
        ######
        #
        # The "Category" selection radio buttons
 
        self.cat = StringVar()
 
        self.cat_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "Category").grid(row = 6, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.saf_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Routine", variable = self.cat, value = "rtn")
        self.saf_r.grid(row = 6, column = 1, sticky = W)
        #self.cat_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        #self.cat_e.grid(row = 6, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        #self.cat_e.insert(0, "100")
 
 
        # For selcal we may require other categories, but at present only "Routine" is used
        #self.urg_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Urgent", variable = self.cat, value = "urg")
        #self.urg_r.grid(row = 6, column = 2, sticky = W)
        #self.dis_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Distress", variable = self.cat, value = "dis")
        #self.dis_r.grid(row = 6, column = 3, sticky = W)
 
        # click the "Safety" radio-button
        self.saf_r.invoke()
        #
        ########
 
        ####
        #
        # The "EOS" selection radio buttons
 
        self.eosv = StringVar()
        self.eos_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "EOS").grid(row = 9, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.req_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "REQ", variable = self.eosv, value = "req")
        self.req_r.grid(row = 9, column = 1, sticky = W)
        #self.eos_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        #self.eos_e.grid(row = 9, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        #self.eos_e.insert(0, "117")
 
        # leave these in case other EOS symbols would be useful in the future 
        #self.ack_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "ACK", variable = self.eosv, value = "ack")
        #self.ack_r.grid(row = 9, column = 2, sticky = W)
 
        #self.eos_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "EOS", variable = self.eosv, value = "eos")
        #self.eos_r.grid(row = 9, column = 3, sticky = W)
 
        # click the "REQ" radio button
        self.req_r.invoke()
        #
        ###########
 
 
        ###########
        #
        # The "do something" buttons
 
        self.go_b = Button(self, text = "Send Selcal", command = self.selqueue_on)
        self.go_b.grid(row = 10, column = 0, sticky = W+E)
 
        self.tune_b = Button(self, text = "Tune", command = self.tunequeue_on)
        self.tune_b.grid(row = 13, column = 0, sticky = W+E)
 
        self.cw_call_e = Entry(self)
        self.cw_call_e.grid(row = 14, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
        #
        # The CW Text is pre-set, but can be edited as required on the GUI
        self.cw_call_e.insert(0, "   de GM4SLV   ")
 
        self.cw_b = Button(self, text = "Send CW ->", command = self.cwqueue_on)
        self.cw_b.grid(row = 14, column = 0, sticky = W+E)
 
        ######
        #
        # The display of Selcal Symbols
        #
 
        self.sel_title = Label(self, text = "Sending Selcal Symbols: " , fg = 'blue').grid(row = 16, column = 0)
 
        sel_call_f = Frame(self, relief = GROOVE, borderwidth = 2, pady = 5)
        sel_call_f.grid(row = 17, column = 0, columnspan = 5, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W+E)
 
 
        self.sel_label = StringVar()
        self.sel_l = Label(sel_call_f, textvariable = self.sel_label, fg = 'blue', height = 2, wraplength = 350, anchor = W)
        self.sel_l.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
        #
        #####
 
 
    # When a Tune is required we call tunequeue_on() which puts a "1" into the queue.
    # The queue is read by tune() which is running constantly (while True:) in a thread. 
    # If a "1" is found the tune_carrier() function is triggered
    # then tunequeue_off() will put a "0" in the queue which will inhibit any further
    # tune signals. 
 
    # Since the Tune, CWID and Selcal Transmit all run in their own threads, with their own queues
    # it's possible to do all three functions at once, and still retain an active GUI
    # this may not be "the right way" to do this, but it works...
 
    def tunequeue_on(self):
        self.tunequeue.put(1)
 
    def tunequeue_off(self):
        self.tunequeue.put(0)
 
 
    def tune(self):
 
        while True:
            t_on = self.tunequeue.get()
            if t_on == 1:   
                pwr = 0.7
                tune_carrier(pwr)
                self.tunequeue_off()
 
 
    def cwqueue_on(self):
        self.cwqueue.put(1)
    def cwqueue_off(self):
        self.cwqueue.put(0)
 
    def send_cwid(self):
        while True:
            c_on = self.cwqueue.get()
            if c_on == 1:
                pwr = 0.7
                call = self.cw_call_e.get().upper()
                cwid(call, pwr)
                self.cwqueue_off()
 
    def selqueue_on(self):
        self.selqueue.put(1)
    def selqueue_off(self):
        self.selqueue.put(0)
 
    def send_sel(self):
 
        while True:   
            go = self.selqueue.get()
            if go == 1:
                a_sel_id = self.to_sel_id_e.get()
                s_sel_id = self.from_sel_id_e.get()
                fmt = self.fmt.get()
                cat = self.cat.get()
                eos = self.eosv.get()
                pwr = 0.7
 
                # restrict to 4-digit 493-4
                if len(a_sel_id) != 4:
                    continue
                if len(s_sel_id) != 4:
                    continue
 
                # convert the format, category and eos to the appropriate symbol values
                fmt_symbol = (fmt_symbol_dict[fmt])
                #fmt_symbol = self.fmt_e.get()
 
                cat_symbol = (cat_symbol_dict[cat])
                #cat_symbol = self.cat_e.get()
 
                eos_symbol = (eos_symbol_dict[eos])
                #eos_symbol = self.eos_e.get()
 
                # convert the 4-digit selcal IDs into two 2-digit symbols
                a_symbol = sel_id_symbol(a_sel_id)
                s_symbol = sel_id_symbol(s_sel_id)
 
                # build the call by joining the symbol values into a list
                sel_call = build_call(fmt_symbol, a_symbol, cat_symbol, s_symbol, eos_symbol)
 
                #we want the basic selcal message returned to us, to display on the GUI
                self.sel_label.set(sel_call)
 
                # turn the selcal queue off to stop further transmissions
                self.selqueue_off()
 
                # then we pass the selcal list and required "power" into "transmit_sel() which does the rest...
                transmit_sel(sel_call, pwr) 
 
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
 
    root.geometry("350x350+10+10")
    root.title("GM4SLV HF CCIR 493-4 Selcal " + version)
    root.resizable(0, 0)
    app = Application(root)
 
 
    root.mainloop()

— John Pumford-Green 29/04/23 11:42

Last Modified : 08/06/26 18:08 BST

radio, selcall

Fldigi Parrot

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Radio Topics

Fldigi Parrot

Experimental HF Digi-mode message-relay system using Fldigi and Python

Work in progress

Uses xml-rpc in python to communicate with fldigi and read the incoming RX Text.

When a particular text sequence is received (ZCZC CALL CALL) to trigger the “parrot” function, the RX text is then read searching for an end of message string (…end). When this is found the full message is then re-transmitted, with self-identification added to ensure it is clear which station is the source of the message and which is the source of the relay.

Transmitter control via RS232 / NMEA (for an IC-M710 marine HF transceiver) is also included to allow for remote commands to change frequency to be handled. Fldigi does the rig control (via its own hamlib configuration). Fldigi is told what we want the radio to do via xml-rpc rather than have direct control ourselves.

Monitoring

A web-page is provided that shows the Fldigi receive text, in almost real time at:

~~Fldigi RX Text~~

and another shows the parrot activity:

~~Fldigi Parrot~~

Software

The python scripts to run these functions are run within a tmux session which is set up with the following script:

tmux script

fldigi_xml.sh

#!/bin/sh
 
session="Shack"
 
tmux start-server
 
tmux new-session -d -s $session 
 
tmux rename-window "fldigi"
 
tmux selectp -t 0
tmux send-keys "python2 ./rx_buf.py" C-m
 
 
 
tmux selectp -t 0
tmux splitw -h -p 50
tmux send-keys "python2 ./parrot_flmsg.py" C-m
 
tmux selectp -t 1 
tmux attach-session -t $session

The python scripts

rx_buf.py
parrot_flmsg.py
flfn.py

are as follows:

rx_buf.py

rx_buf.py reads the Fldigi RX Buffer and provides the online web page to allow remote observation of what is being received.

rx_buf.py

import xmlrpclib
import time
import os
 
s = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy("http://192.168.21.107:7362")
rx_text = ""
n = 0
index = 0
count = 0
 
def get_status():
 
    try:
        status = s.main.get_status1()
    except:
        status = "Fldigi Offline"
    return status
 
def get_mode():
 
    try:
        mode = s.modem.get_name()
    except:
        mode = "Fldigi Offline"
    return mode
 
def get_freq():
    try:
        freq = s.main.get_frequency()
        carrier = s.modem.get_carrier()
        centre = (float(freq) + int(carrier))/1000
    except:
        centre = 0.0
    return centre
 
def write_file(text):
    print "in write_file() with ", text
    text_asc = "".join(x for x in text if (ord(x) > 31 and ord(x) < 128) or ord(x) == 13 or ord(x) == 10 or ord(x) == 9)
    filename = r'/var/www/html/pages/gm4slv_fldigi.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    f.write(text_asc)
    f.close()
    return
 
def stamp_file():
    mode = get_mode()
    centre = get_freq()
    status = get_status()
    timenow = time.strftime("*** Time Stamp : %Y-%m-%d %H:%M :  ", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    #print mode
    write_file("\r\n\n%s *** Modem : %s : Centre Freq : %.3f *** SNR : %s \r\n\n" % (timenow, mode, centre, status))
 
def tail(n):
    filename = r'/var/www/html/pages/gm4slv_fldigi.txt'
    tailfile = r'/var/www/html/pages/gm4slv_tail.txt'
    fin = open(filename, 'r')
    list = fin.readlines()
    fin.close()
    tail_list = list[-n:]
    fout = open(tailfile, "w")
    fout.writelines(tail_list)
    fout.close()
 
 
while True:
    '''
    try:
        rx_length = s.text.get_rx_length()
        rx_text = str(s.text.get_rx(index,rx_length - index))
        index = rx_length
    except:
        rx_text = ""
    '''
    rx_length = s.text.get_rx_length()
    print "rxl ", rx_length
    print "index ", index
    print "getting %d, %d" % (index, rx_length - index)
    rx_text = str(s.text.get_rx(index,rx_length - index))
    index = rx_length
    if rx_text == "empty rx buffer!":
        rx_text = ""
    #s.text.clear_rx()
    #os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
    print  rx_text
 
 
 
    write_file(rx_text)
    tail(100)
 
    count += 1
 
    if count == 180:
        # hourly 180 * 20 secs = 3600 secs = 60 mins
        stamp_file()
        count = 0
    time.sleep(20)

parrot_flmsg.py

parrot_flmsg.py handles the message-relay functions.

Recent changes were made to handle the longer formal message formats of flmsg.

The parrot also provides some simple remote control of the HF transceiver's frequency and power level via QSY? and PWR? commands.

parrot_flmsg.py

#
#######
##  test file
#
 
import xmlrpclib
import time
import os
#import subprocess
 
import flfn
 
s = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy("http://shack:7362")
 
 
rx_text = []
zc_flag = 0
nn_flag = 0
message_time = 0
 
qsy_flag = 0
qsy_time = 0
 
mycall = "GM4SLV"
 
info = "GM4SLV INFO\nTest Relay\nIC-M710 50W\nInverted-L\n"
help_text = "Usage : \nZCZC\nRELAY_CALL FROM_CALL [ INFO? | HELP? | TO_CALL ]\nNNNN"
 
### remove old crud
#
s.text.clear_rx()
 
flfn.do_qsy(5366.5)
 
def write_file(text):
    filename = r'/var/www/html/pages/parrot_log.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')
    f.write(text)
    f.close()
 
def parse_message(text):
    global qsy_flag
    global qsy_time
    #print "Parsing : ", text
    header_line=text.split('\n')[0]
    message_text = "\n".join(text.split('\n')[1:])
    print "Header Line :\n", header_line
    print "Message Text : \n", message_text
 
    calls_list = header_line.split()
 
    if len(calls_list) > 1:
        if len(calls_list) < 5:
 
            qsy_time = time.time()
 
            print "Calls List ", calls_list
 
            relay_call = calls_list[0].upper()
 
            print "Relay call ", relay_call
 
            from_call = calls_list[1].upper()
 
            if len(calls_list) > 2:
                to_call = calls_list[2].upper()
            else:
                to_call = "ECHO"
 
            print "From ",from_call
 
            print "To ",to_call
 
            user = call_asc(from_call)
 
            target = call_asc(to_call)
 
            if len(calls_list) == 4:
                command = calls_list[3]
 
            message = "\n".join(text.split('\n')[1:])
 
            if target == "INFO?":
                target = user
                user = "ECHO"
                message = info
 
            if target == "PWR?":
                pwr = flfn.do_pwr(command)
                target = "BOGUS"
                user = "BOGUS"
                message = "New Power preset %s" % (command)
 
            if target == "QSY?":
                qsy = flfn.do_qsy(command)
                target = "BOGUS"
                user = "BOGUS"
                message = "New Freq %s" % (command)
                #print "command was ", command
                if command != "HOME":
                    qsy_flag = 1
                    print "set qsy_flag ", qsy_flag
                    #print qsy_time
                else:
 
                    qsy_flag = 0
                    print "reset qsy_flag ", qsy_flag    
 
            if from_call == "HELP?" or target == "HELP?":
                target = user
                user = "ECHO"
                message = help_text
 
            if relay_call == mycall:
                return(user,target,message)
 
            else:
                print "Wrong Relay Call"
                return("BOGUS","BOGUS","Not for Me")
 
        else:
            print "Header too long"
            return("BOGUS", "BOGUS", "Too Long")
    else:
        print "Header too short"
        return("BOGUS", "BOGUS","Too Short")
 
def call_asc(call):
    call_asc = "".join(x for x in call if (ord(x) > 46 and ord(x) < 58) or (ord(x) > 62 and ord(x) < 91))
    return(call_asc)
 
 
 
def qsp(text, snr):
    print "\nQSP triggered"
 
    timenow = time.strftime("*** Time Stamp : %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S :  ", time.gmtime(time.time()))
 
    user,target,message=parse_message(text)
    print "Message : \n",message    
    if user == "BOGUS":
        print "Ignoring"
        write_file("\n%s\nNOT RELAYED\n%s" % (timenow, text))
        #subprocess.call("./log.sh")
        s.text.clear_rx()
 
        return
 
    time.sleep(10)
    s.text.clear_rx()
 
    print "PTT ON"
 
    timemsg = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S ", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    s.main.tx()
    s.text.add_tx("\n"+timemsg+"\nTo "+target+" from "+user+" via GM4SLV ("+snr+")\n\n"+message+"\n\n\n"+target+" de "+user+" via GM4SLV kn \n  ^r")
 
    timenow = time.strftime("*** Time Stamp : %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S :  ", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    timemsg = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S ", time.gmtime(time.time()))
 
    modem = s.modem.get_name()
    car = s.modem.get_carrier()
    f = s.main.get_frequency()
    rfc = (f + car) / 1000
 
    write_file("\n%s\n%s (%s)  Message Relayed on %0.1f for : %s\n%s\n====================\n" % (timenow, modem, snr, rfc, user, text))
    #subprocess.call("./log.sh")
 
    return
 
 
def watchdog():
    #print "In Watchdog ", qsy_flag
    if qsy_flag == 1:
        print "We were QSY'd"
        delta_t = time.time() - qsy_time
        print delta_t
        if delta_t > 300:
            print "Timeout"
            qsy_end = "GM4SLV GM4SLV QSY? HOME"
            parse_message(qsy_end)
            timenow = time.strftime("*** Timeout : %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S :  ", time.gmtime(time.time()))
            write_file("\n%s : Returning to HOME channel\n" % (timenow))
    else:
        return
 
 
while True:
    try:
        rx_length = s.text.get_rx_length()
   #     print "rx_length ",rx_length
        for l in range(rx_length-2000, rx_length):
            rx = str(s.text.get_rx(l,1))
            rx_text.append(rx)
            for i in range(len(rx_text)):
                if rx_text[i] == "C" and rx_text[i-1] == "Z" and rx_text[i-2] == "C" and rx_text[i-3] == "Z":
 
                    if not zc_flag:
                        print "Found ZCZC...."
 
                        modem = s.modem.get_name()
                        if modem != "RTTY":
                            stat1 = s.main.get_status1()
                        else:
                            stat1 = s.main.get_status2()
 
                    zc_flag = 1
                    zc_index = i+2
 
                if rx_text[i] == "d" and rx_text[i-1] == "n" and rx_text[i-2] == "e" and rx_text[i-3] == " " and rx_text[i-4] == "." and rx_text[i-5] == "." and rx_text[i-6] == ".":
                    if not nn_flag and zc_flag:
                        print "Found end"
                    nn_flag = 1
                    nn_index = i-3
            text =  ''.join(rx_text)
 
        if zc_flag == 1:
 
            print "found start... waiting for end  ", message_time
            if message_time < 300:
                message_time += 1
            else:
                print "Timeout waiting"
                s.text.clear_rx()
                message_time = 0
                rx_text= []
                zc_flag = 0
                nn_flag = 0
 
        else:
            rx_text=[]
 
 
        if zc_flag == 1 and nn_flag == 1 : # message complete
            print "Message complete"
            #print "zc_index %d, nn_index %d" % (zc_index, nn_index)
            #print "Text  %s " % (rx_text[zc_index:nn_index])
            if zc_index < nn_index:
                message_time = 0
                print "Index correct"
                message = ''.join(rx_text[zc_index:nn_index+8])
                print "Raw Message ", message
                zc_flag = 0
                nn_flag = 0
 
                message_asc = "".join(x for x in message if (ord(x) > 31 and ord(x) < 128) or ord(x) == 13 or ord(x) == 10 or ord(x) == 9)
                rx_text = []
 
                qsp(message_asc, stat1)
 
 
            else:
                rx_text = []
                zc_flag = 0
                nn_flag = 0
 
    except:
        rx_text = []
 
 
    watchdog()
    time.sleep(2)

flfn.py

flfn.py is a helper module of functions to communicate with fldigi using xml-rpc.

flfn.py

import xmlrpclib
import time
 
s = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy("http://shack:7362")
 
 
def do_qsy_tune(ttime):
    while s.main.get_trx_status() != "rx":
        trx = s.main.get_trx_status()
        print "starting while ",trx
        #s.main.rx()
        time.sleep(1)
 
    s.main.tune()
    time.sleep(ttime)
    trx = s.main.get_trx_status()
    print "tune? ",trx
    while s.main.get_trx_status() != "rx":
        trx = s.main.get_trx_status()
        print "ending while ",trx
        s.main.rx()
        time.sleep(1)
    trx = s.main.get_trx_status()
    print "final status ",trx
    return
 
def fld_qsy():
    cur_modem_carrier = s.modem.get_carrier()
    cur_dial_freq = s.main.get_frequency()
    new_dial_freq = (cur_dial_freq + cur_modem_carrier - 1500)
    s.modem.set_carrier(1500)
    s.main.set_frequency(new_dial_freq)
    return
 
def do_qsy(freq):
    if freq == "HOME":
        print "in do_qsy with HOME"
        do_home()
        time.sleep(2)
        do_qsy_tune(3)
        do_home()
        return freq
    else:
        print "in do_qsy with ", freq
        s.main.set_frequency(float(freq)*1000)
        s.modem.set_carrier(1500)
 
        do_qsy_tune(3)
        return freq
 
def do_reverse():
    s.main.toggle_reverse()
    return
 
def do_rxid():
    s.main.toggle_rsid()
    return
 
def do_txid():
    s.main.toggle_txid()
    return
 
def do_home():
    s.main.run_macro(14)
    return
 
def do_pwr(pwr):
    if pwr == "1":
 
        s.main.run_macro(20)
    elif pwr == "2":
        s.main.run_macro(21)
    elif pwr == "3":
        s.main.run_macro(22)
    elif pwr == "4":
        s.main.run_macro(23)
    else:
        pass
    return

Parrot Operation

Basic overview

To trigger a message relay you need to send the following format of text:

ZCZC GM4SLV <YOURCALL> (replacing <YOURCALL> with your actual callsign)

This is the start of message trigger.

Then type/paste/otherwise send your message-to-be-relayed.

To end the message send:

… end

If you are using flmsg to to create and send the message it will send the correct end of message string … end itself, otherwise you need to add it manually.

After a short delay, if successful, you should hear/see your message being relayed.

Further examples of operation

add screenshots of relaying in operation

A simple “ECHO” relay

Page Updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

radio, fldigi, python

Netradio Control

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Radio Topics

Netradio Control

Python code for TCP/IP control of multiple radios

Server

This provides TCP/IP access to one or more radios, allowing control of Frequency, Mode, Pre-amp and Attenuator. It also gives remote access to S-meter readings.

There are separate rig-dependant command modules that then provide a standard interface for commands sent by a client, regardless of the particular radio connected.

There are modules for

Icom C-IV radios such as IC-R75, IC-718, IC-7200 etc.
AOR AR7030
Icom IC-M710 marine

Server

server.py

server.py

from aor import *
from icom import *
from conf import *
from m710 import *
import SocketServer
import time
 
try:
    import readline
except:
    pass
 
lock = threading.Lock()
 
radios = []
 
 
 
r1 = Icom(n1, a1, cal1)
radios.append(n1)
 
r2 = m710(n4)
radios.append(n4)
 
#r2 = Icom(n2, a2, cal2)
#radios.append(n2)
 
r3 = Ar7030(n3)
radios.append(n3)
 
print radios
#print r1.digi_off()
 
#print r2.remote_on()
 
def count_radios():
    count = len(radios)
    return count
 
 
def list_radios():
    radiolist = ""
    for n in range(0, len(radios)):
        r = radios[n]
        radiolist += (r + " ")
    return radiolist
 
 
def write_file(text):
    filename = 'commandlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
def write_con(text):
    filename = 'conlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
# The Server
class ThreadedRequestHandler(SocketServer.StreamRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        # we find the current thread for the client connection just set up, to
        # use in the log file
        cur_thread = threading.currentThread()
        # log the new connection details
        write_con("Connect from %s using %s \n" % ((self.client_address[0]), cur_thread.getName()))
        # print to the server's console the new connection IP address/port
        print self.client_address
        # loop to handle client requests....
        while True:
            # using StreamRequestHandler means our input from the client
            # is  "file-like" and can be read with "file-like" commands
            # we read a line at a time, using readline()
            cmd = self.rfile.readline().lower()
            # to keep things clean, we remove any characters that aren't
            # "printable" simple ASCII
            # these are between 32 and 127 in the ASCII table
            # we look at each character, and then make a new word by
            # .join()ing each accepted character with no space in between
            asccmd = "".join(x for x in cmd if ord(x) < 128 and ord(x) > 31)
            # we make a list called "words" holding the received words which
            # will be inspected by various functions
            words = asccmd.split()
            # If a client uses sock.close() itself, to disconnect, it appears that
            # we read a continuous stream of "" on the dead
            # socket, which puts CPU to 100%.
            #
            # The "While" loop is probably responsible, but I can't see another
            # way to keep the connection up for multiple commands.
            #
            # Further connection are accepted due to the Threaded nature of the server.
            # The CPU load is unacceptable though
            # HACK ?>>>>>
            # Looking for "" and then breaking
            # the connection from the server end (even though the client has
            # gone) cures this.
            if cmd == "":
                break
            else:
                pass
            # if the words list is empty, go back and get more input
            if not words:
                continue
            # we have input....
            # filter based on the first word - these are the
            # pre-set commands the server will accept
            # the client wants to know the currently available
            # radio names - held in the variable "rnames"
            elif words[0] == "getnames":
                self.wfile.write(rnames)
            # words[-1] (the last word in the list) will always be the
            # radio name. We give the variable "my_radio" this value, for
            # identifying which radio object to apply the method to
            elif words[0] == "count":
                count = count_radios()
                self.wfile.write(count)
            elif words[0] == "ident":
                ident_text = "GM4SLV Radio Server"
                radio_list = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(ident_text + "\rAvailable : \n" + radio_list + "\r\n")
 
            elif words[0] == "getmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = my_radio.get_mode()
                self.wfile.write(mode)
            elif words[0] == "getfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                freq = words[1]
                freq = my_radio.get_freq()
                self.wfile.write(freq)
            elif words[0] == "setmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = words[1]
                newmode = my_radio.set_mode(mode)
                self.wfile.write(newmode)
            elif words[0] == "setfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                try:
                    freq = float(words[1])
                    newfreq = my_radio.set_freq(freq)
                    self.wfile.write(newfreq)
                except ValueError:
                    #freq = float(my_radio.get_freq())
                    self.wfile.write("Error in freq. %s No change\r\n" % words[1])
 
            elif words[0] == "getsmeter":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                smeter = round(float(my_radio.get_smeter()), 1)
                self.wfile.write(smeter)
            elif words[0] == "gets":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                s = my_radio.get_s()
                self.wfile.write(s)
            elif words[0] == "listradios":
                radios = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(radios)
            elif words[0] == "getpreamp":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.get_pre()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampon":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preamp2on":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_2_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_off()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "getatt":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.get_att()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "atton":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_on()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "attoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_off()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "tune":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                tune = my_radio.tune()
                self.wfile.write(tune)
            elif words[0] == "getpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                pwr = my_radio.get_pwr()
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "setpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                spwr = words[1]
                pwr = my_radio.set_pwr(spwr)
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "quit":
                write_con("Got quit from {}\n".format(self.client_address[0]))  # log it
                self.wfile.write("Goodbye! \r\n")  # say Goodbye
                break
            else:  # nothing in words[0] matches a pre-set command....
                write_file("Received %s\n" % words)  # log it, it's unusual
                self.wfile.write("Command not recognized\r\n")  # inform the client
 
 
class ThreadedIcomServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer):
    pass
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # define the lock to be used on the serial port access
    lock = threading.Lock()
 
    # address ('' = all available interfaces) to listen on, and port number
    address = ('', 9999)
    server = ThreadedIcomServer(address, ThreadedRequestHandler)
    server.allow_reuse_address = True
 
    # define that the server will be threaded, and will serve "forever" ie. not quit after the client disconnects
    t = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
    # start the server thread
    t.start()
 
    write_con(
        "Server loop running in thread: %s\n" % "".join(t.getName()))

Configurtion Module

conf.py

Icom C-IV module

icom.py

icom.py

import serial
import threading
from conf import *
import time
#sport = "COM1"
sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sbaud = 9600
 
lock = threading.Lock()
 
 
class Icom(object):
    def __init__(self, model, radio_address, cal):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=0.1)
        self.model = model
        self.radio_address = radio_address
        self.cal = cal
 
    def digi_off(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + digi_off_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received"
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_pre_cmd + eom
 
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if not result:
            return "0"
        if result[6] == "\x00":
            return 0
        elif result[6] == "\x01":
            return 1
        elif result[6] == "\x02":
            return 2
 
    def get_pwr(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + pwr_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if not result:
            return "0"
        p1 = ord(result[7]) / 16
        p2 = ord(result[7]) % 16
        p3 = ord(result[6]) / 16
        p4 = ord(result[6]) % 16
        pwr = float(100 * (10 * p3 + p4) + (10 * p1 + p2))
        return int(pwr*100/255)
 
    def set_pwr(self, pwr):
        #if pwr == "25":
        #    spwr = "\x00" + "\x63"
        #elif pwr == "50":
        #    spwr = "\x01" + "\x27"
        #elif pwr == "75":
        #    spwr = "\x01" + "\x91"
        #elif pwr == "100":
        #    spwr = "\x02" + "\x55"
        rigpwr = int(pwr) * 255 / 100
        print "rigpwr ", rigpwr
        pwr1 = rigpwr / 100
        pwr2 = rigpwr % 100
        spwr1 = (pwr1 / 10 * 16)
        spwr2 = (pwr1 % 10)
        spwr3 =  (pwr2 / 10 * 16)
        spwr4 =  (pwr2 % 10)
        spwr = chr(spwr1+spwr2) + chr(spwr3+spwr4)
        #print "spwr ", spwr
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + pwr_cmd + spwr + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return self.get_pwr()
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received"
 
    def pre_on(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_pre_cmd + set_pre_on + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received"
 
    def pre_2_on(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_pre_cmd + set_pre_2_on + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_pre_cmd + set_pre_off + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received"
 
    def ptt_on(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + ptt_on_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        #print result[5]
        if not result[4] == ack:
            return "ptt on"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "Error"
 
    def ptt_off(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + ptt_off_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        #print result[5]
        if not result[4] == ack:
            return "ptt off"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "Error"
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_att_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if not result:
            return "0"
        if result[5] == "\x00":
            return 0
        elif result[5] == "\x20":
            return 1
 
    def att_on(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_att_cmd + set_att_on + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received"
 
    def att_off(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_att_cmd + set_att_off + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received"
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fdig = "%010d" % int(freq * 1000)
        bcd = ()
        for i in (8, 6, 4, 2, 0):
            bcd += self.freq_bcd(int(fdig[i]), int(fdig[i + 1]))
        set_freq_val = ""
        for byte in bcd:
            set_freq_val += chr(byte)
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_freq_cmd + set_freq_val + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Set Freq success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received / Freq not supported"
 
    def get_freq(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + get_freq_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if not result:
            return "0"
        if len(result) > 0:
            f = 0
        for k in [18, 19, 16, 17, 14, 15, 12, 13, 10, 11]:
            f = 10 * f + self.nib(result, k)
        self.freq = (float(f) / 1000)
        return "%.3f" % self.freq
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
        print "in set_mode() with ", mode
        if mode == "data":
            mode = "rtty"
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x00"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x01"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x02"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x03"
        elif mode == "rtty":
            set_mode_val = "\x04"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x05"
        elif mode == "cw-r":
            set_mode_val = "\x07"
        elif mode == "rtty-r":
            set_mode_val = "\x08"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x11"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + set_mode_cmd + set_mode_val + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result[4] == ack:
            return "Set Mode Success"
        elif result[4] == nak:
            return "NAK received / Mode not supported"
 
    def get_mode(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + get_mode_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if not result:
            return "0"
        mode = ""
        if result[5] == "\x00":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif result[5] == "\x01":
            mode = "usb"
        elif result[5] == "\x02":
            mode = "am"
        elif result[5] == "\x03":
            mode = "cw"
        elif result[5] == "\x04":
            mode = "rtty"
        elif result[5] == "\x05":
            mode = "fm"
        elif result[5] == "\x08":
            mode = "rtty-r"
        elif result[5] == "\x07":
            mode = "cw-r"
        elif result[5] == "\x11":
            mode = "s-am"
 
        if mode == "rtty":
            mode = "data"
 
        self.mode = mode
        return self.mode.upper()
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + get_smeter_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if not result:
            return "0"
        sm1 = ord(result[7]) / 16
        sm2 = ord(result[7]) % 16
        sm3 = ord(result[6]) / 16
        sm4 = ord(result[6]) % 16
        s = float(100 * (10 * sm3 + sm4) + (10 * sm1 + sm2))
        return s
 
    def get_swr(self):
        sendStr = preamble + preamble + self.radio_address + controller + get_swr_cmd + eom
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if not result:
            return "0"
        sm1 = ord(result[7]) / 16
        sm2 = ord(result[7]) % 16
        sm3 = ord(result[6]) / 16
        sm4 = ord(result[6]) % 16
        swr = float(100 * (10 * sm3 + sm4) + (10 * sm1 + sm2))
        return swr
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.cal
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
    def get_name(self):
        return self.model
 
    def tune(self):
        print "tuning"
        curmode = self.get_mode().lower()
        #print "Current Mode ",curmode
 
        curpwr = self.get_pwr()
        if curpwr < 98:
            curpwr = curpwr + 1
 
        #print "Current Power ", curpwr
 
        #print "Current percent power ", curpwr
        self.set_mode("rtty")
        self.set_pwr(25)
        #print "Tuning power ", self.get_pwr()
        #print "PTT On"
        self.ptt_on()
        time.sleep(2)
        swr =  self.get_swr()
        #print "SWR :", swr
        time.sleep(1)
        self.ptt_off()
        #print "PTT Off"
        self.set_mode(curmode)
        #print "Mode reset ",self.get_mode()
        self.set_pwr(curpwr)
        print "Tuned : (ref pwr : %s)" % swr
        return "Tuned : (ref pwr : %s)" % swr
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr):
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
        echo = self.ser.read(len(sendStr))
        if len(echo) != len(sendStr):
            return "0"
        byte = "0"
        result = ""
        count = 0
        while byte != eom:
            byte = self.ser.read()
            #print "%#02x" % ord(byte)
            result += byte
            count += 1
            if count > 10:
                break
        lock.release()
        #print ""
        return result
 
 
    def nib(self, s, i):
        k = ord(s[i / 2])
        if i % 2 == 0:
            k = k >> 4
        return k & 0xf
 
 
    def freq_bcd(self, d1, d2):
        return (16 * d1 + d2),

AOR AR7030 module

aor.py

aor.py

import serial
import threading
 
 
#sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sport = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
sbaud = 1200
 
lock = threading.Lock()
fract = float(2 ** 24) / 44545
 
 
class Ar7030(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=10)
        self.model = model
 
 
    def check_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        if result:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
    def set_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = ord(byte) | mask
        return result
 
    def clear_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = ~(1 << bit)
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        return result
 
    def get_ident(self):
        sendStr = '\x5f' + '\x40'
        ident = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
        return ident
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        p = self.check_bit(byte, 4)
        if p:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
        return
 
 
    def pre_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte :
        # bit0 = filter FS3
        # bit1 = filter FS2
        # bit2 = filter FS1
        # bit3 = filter FS4
        # bit4 = preamp enabled
        # bit5 = atten 0 = 20dB / 1 = 40dB
        # bit6 = input filter 0 = HF / 1 = LF
        # bit7 = attenuator enabled
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 ON = preamp ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 4)
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 OFF = preamp OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 4)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        a = self.check_bit(byte, 7)
 
        if a:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
 
    def att_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 ON = ATT ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def att_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 OFF = att OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fval = freq * fract
        #print fval
        b1 = 48 + int(fval / 1048576)
        fval = fval % 1048576
        b2 = 96 + int(fval / 65536)
        fval = fval % 65536
        b3 = 48 + int(fval / 4096)
        fval = fval % 4096
        b4 = 96 + int(fval / 256)
        fval = fval % 256
        b5 = 48 + int(fval / 16)
        b6 = 96 + int(fval % 16)
 
        f_tuple = ( b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 )
 
        freqStr = ""
        for byte in f_tuple:
            freqStr += chr(byte)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a' + freqStr + '\x24' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Freq Set"
 
    def get_freq(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a'
 
        freqStr = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 3)
 
        f_val = 0
        for k in freqStr:
            f_val = f_val * 256 + ord(k)
 
        return "%.3f" % round(float(f_val / fract),2 )
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x66"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x67"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x61"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x65"
        elif mode == "data":
            set_mode_val = "\x64"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x63"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x62"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4d' + set_mode_val + '\x22' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Mode sent"
 
    def get_mode(self):
 
        sendStr = "\x50" + "\x31" + "\x4d"
        m = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        mode = ""
        if m == "\x01":
            mode = "am"
        elif m == "\x02":
            mode = "s-am"
        elif m == "\x03":
            mode = "fm"
        elif m == "\x04":
            mode = "data"
        elif m == "\x05":
            mode = "cw"
        elif m == "\x06":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif m == "\x07":
            mode = "usb"
 
        return mode.upper()
 
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = '\x2e'
        sraw = self.tx_rx(sendStr, True, 0)
 
        return ord(sraw)
 
    def get_cal(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x52' + '\x3f' + '\x44' + '\x11'
        #print "sending getcal"
        cbytes = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
 
        cal = []
 
        for c in cbytes:
            cal.append(ord(c))
 
        return cal
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.get_cal()
 
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
 
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr, reply, n):
        # apply thread lock
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
 
        if reply:  # for reading S-meter
            result = ""
            while not result:
                result = self.ser.read(1)
            lock.release()
            return result
        else:
 
            result = ""
            byte = ""
            while n != 0:
                self.ser.write('\x71')
                #byte = ""
 
                while not byte:
                    byte = self.ser.read(1)
 
                result += byte
 
                byte = ""
                n -= 1
            lock.release()
            return result

Icom IC-M710 module

m710.py

m710.0y

'''
Python NMEA Radio Functions module for Icom IC-M710 Marine HF SSB Transceiver
 
    Copyright (C) 2015  John Pumford-Green
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
 
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
'''
 
# serial port for Icom IC-M710 Rig Control
 
import serial
import threading
import time
version = "v0.1"
 
sport = '/dev/ttyUSB0'
sbaud = 4800
 
#ser = serial.Serial(sport, 4800, timeout=1)
lock = threading.Lock()
 
# NMEA Codes
preamble = "$PICOA,"
controller = "90"
radio = "01" 
cr = "\x0d"
lf = "\x0a"
 
 
# Commands are sent as NMEA private sentences:
#
# $PICOA,controller_id,radio_id,command,<parameter>,*HH<CR><LF>
#
# where HH is the 2 digit ECC value below:
#
# The protocol document states that for messages FROM the controller TO the radio
# the ECC bytes are optional, and may be omitted. This appears to be false information, and
# the ECC bytes seem to be necessary.
#
# The ECC checksum, is a two-digit hex value found by XORing the hex values of the characters 
# between "$" and "*" (but not including the $ or *)
#
# The first part of the message is always:
# "PICOA,90,01," and this has an XOR value of (decimal) 112
# we then XOR this with each character's decimal ASCII value, in the required command
# and convert the result to a 2-digit hex value
#
 
class m710(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=0.1)
        self.model = model
 
 
    def get_ecc(self,command):
        ecc = 112
        for c in command:
            ecc = ord(c) ^ ecc
        hecc = '{0:02x}'.format(int(ecc))
 
        return hecc
 
# we must force the radio into "Remote" mode before sending any other commands.    
    def remote_on(self):
        command = "REMOTE,ON"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return self.remote_on()
 
 
 
# we can leave the radio in "Remote" mode for as long as we want to control it remotely
# but we must close the "Remote" mode when finished. The previous radio settings (channel/power etc) are
# restored after Remote mode is closed.
    def remote_off(self):
        command = "REMOTE,OFF"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr) 
        if result:
            #ser.close()
            return
        else:
            return self.remote_off()
 
 
    def ptt_on():
        command = "TRX,TX"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return ptt_on()
 
    def ptt_off():
        command = "TRX,RX"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return ptt_off()
 
 
 
    def get_freq(self):
        fkhz = self.get_rxfreq()
        #fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
        return fkhz
 
    def set_freq(self,freq):
 
        self.set_rxfreq(freq)
        self.set_txfreq(freq)
        return "Set freq success"
 
    def get_rxfreq(self):
        command = "RXF"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            f = list[4].split("*")[0]
            fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
            return fkhz
        else:
            return self.get_rxfreq()
 
 
    def get_txfreq(self):
        command = "TXF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            f = list[4].split("*")[0]
            fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
            return fkhz
        else:
            return self.get_txfreq()
 
 
    def get_mode(self):
        command = "MODE"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            mode = list[4].split("*")[0]
            if mode == "J2B":
                mode = "DATA"
            return mode
        else:
            return self.get_mode()
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self,mode):
        mode = mode.upper()
        if mode == "DATA":
            mode = "J2B"
 
        command = "MODE,"+mode
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
 
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        #print "in set_mode with ", sendStr
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_mode(mode)
 
 
    def set_rxfreq(self,freq):
 
        fmhz = float(freq) / 1000
        f = str(fmhz)
 
        command = "RXF,"+f
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_rxfreq(freq)
 
 
    def set_txfreq(self,freq):
 
        fmhz = float(freq) / 1000
        f = str(fmhz)
 
        command = "TXF,"+f
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_txfreq(freq)
 
    def get_txpower():
        command = "TXP"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            power = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return power
        else:
            return get_txpower()
 
    def set_txpower(p):
        command = "TXP,"+p
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_txpower(p)
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        command = "SIGM"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            smeter = (float(list[4].split("*")[0]) * 20) - 120 
            return smeter
        else:
            return self.get_smeter()
 
    def speaker_on():
        command = "SP,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return speaker_on()
 
 
    def speaker_off():
        command = "SP,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return speaker_off()
 
    def sql_on():
        command = "SQLC,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return sql_on()
 
    def sql_off():
        command = "SQLC,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return sql_off()
 
    def nb_on():
        command = "NB,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return nb_on()
 
    def nb_off():
        command = "NB,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return nb_off()
 
    def dim_on():
        command = "DIM,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return dim_on()
 
    def dim_off():
        command = "DIM,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return dim_off()
 
    def agc_on():
        command = "AGC,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return agc_on()
 
    def agc_off():
        command = "AGC,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return agc_off()
 
    def get_vol():
        command = "AFG"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            vol = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return vol
        else:
            return get_vol()
 
 
 
    def set_vol(v):
        command = "AFG,"+v
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_vol(v)
 
    def get_rfg():
        command = "RFG"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            rf = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return rf
        else:
            return get_rfg()
 
    def get_att(self):
        return
    def att_on(self):
        return
    def att_off(self):
        return
 
    def pre_on(self):
        return
    def pre_off(self):
        return
 
    def get_pre(self):
        return
 
    def set_rfg(v):
        command = "RFG,"+v
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_rfg(v)
 
    # The message FROM the radio may be corrupted so we do a check on the received ECC versus our calculated cECC
    # from the received characters - which are everything AFTER the "$" and BEFORE the "*"
    #
    # starting the ECC calculation at message[1] ignores the "$" and we iterate through the message XORing each 
    # character's ASCII (decimal) value until we have the final cECC which is converted by formatting it
    # into a two-digit hex value. This is then compared to the received (rECC) value from the radio's message. 
    # If they match the message is acceptable and check_ecc() returns True to tx_rx(), 
    # otherwise check_ecc() function returns "False" to tx_rx()
    # the True/False value is tested in tx_rx(). 
    # If True then tx_rx() returns the incoming string to the calling function
    # otherwise it returns "False". 
    # The calling function then checkS the boolean state of the returned value. 
    # If True (ie it has the radio's message and the ECC was good) the message 
    # is sent back to the client. 
    # If False the function calls itself again, and attempts to get an error-free reply from the radio, via tx_rx()
 
    def check_ecc(self,message, recc):
        i = 1
        cecc = 0
 
        while i < len(message):
            cecc = ord(message[i]) ^ cecc
            i += 1  
 
        cecc = '{0:02x}'.format(int(cecc))  
 
        if cecc == recc:   
            return True
        else: 
            return False
 
    def tx_rx(self,sendStr):
        #print "in tx_rx, sendStr =  " , sendStr
        lock.acquire()
 
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
        time.sleep(0.1)
        result = self.ser.readline()
 
        #print result
        reply = result.split("*")
        ecc = reply[1][0:2].lower()
        message = reply[0]
        lock.release()
 
        if self.check_ecc(message, ecc):
            return result
        else:
            return False
 
 
 
 
 
#

Text-mode client

client.py

client.py

__author__ = 'gm4slv'
# client to work with server_oo.py
# 
 
# # v0.1
 
import socket
 
try:
    import readline
except ImportError:
    pass
 
import threading
import time
 
 
HOST, PORT = "localhost", 9999
 
smlog = "pymon.txt"
log_active = []
 
 
def make_con():
    global sock
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    sock.connect((HOST, PORT))
 
 
def get_rnum():
    global num
    global radios
 
    names = connect("listradios")
 
    radios = names.split()
    num = len(radios)
    return num
 
 
def get_rname(i):
    r = radios[i]
    return r
 
 
def list_radios():
    num = get_rnum()
    global radio
    print "\r\nThere are currently %d radios connected." % num
    for i in range(0, num):
        r = get_rname(i)
        print "Radio %d is %s" % (i + 1, r)
 
 
def get_lradio():
    num = get_rnum()
 
    lradio = raw_input("Select radio to log: ").strip()
 
    if not lradio:
        print "Please select a radio"
        return False
    elif int(lradio) > num:
        print "Selected radio not recognized"
        return False
 
    else:
 
        return lradio
 
 
def set_radio():
    num = get_rnum()
    # global radio
    global radio_num
    global rname
    print "There are currently %d radios connected." % num
    for i in range(0, num):
        r = get_rname(i)
        print "Radio %d is %s" % (i + 1, r)
 
    radio = raw_input("Choose a radio number from the list : ").strip()
    try:
        if not radio:
            print "Please select a radio"
            return False, False
 
        elif int(radio) > num:
            print "Selected radio not recognized"
            return False, False
    except ValueError:
        print "Please enter a number"
        return False, False
 
    else:
        radio_num = "".join(("r", radio))
        rname = get_rname(int(radio) - 1)
        return radio_num, rname
 
 
def prompt():
    print ""
    print "The available commands are:"
    print "lr   : List Radios"
    print "sr   : Select the Radio to control"
    print "gr   : Get currently selected Radio name"
    print "gm   : Get Mode"
    print "sm   : Set Mode"
    print "gf   : Get Freq"
    print "sf   : Set Freq"
    print "gs   : Get S-meter"
    print "gp   : Get Pre-amp"
    print "pon  : Set Pre-amp On"
    print "p2on : Set Pre-amp 2 On"
    print "poff : Set Pre-amp Off"
    print "gatt : Get Attn"
    print "aton : Set Attn On"
    print "atoff: Set Attn Off"
    print "ga   : Get All (status of all radios)"
    print "sync : Sync freq/mode on two radios"
    print "log  : Setup background logging to file"
    print "h    : Help (show this command list)"
    print "q    : quit"
    print ""
 
 
def start():
    global radio_num
    global rname
    global sock
    pfreq = connect("getfreq" + " " + radio_num)
    pmode = connect("getmode" + " " + radio_num)
 
    data = raw_input(rname + " (" + pfreq + " " + pmode + ") " + " > ").lower().strip()
    if len(data.split()) > 1:
        if (data.split())[0] == "sf":
            sfreq = (data.split())[1]
            freq = connect("setfreq" + " " + sfreq + " " + radio_num)
            print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, freq)
            start()
        elif (data.split())[0] == "sm":
            smode = (data.split())[1]
            mode = connect("setmode" + " " + smode + " " + radio_num)
            print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, mode)
            start()
        else:
 
            print "only one command at a time please"
            start()
    elif data == "u":
        oldf = connect("getfreq" + " " + radio_num)
        newf = str(float(oldf) + 1)
        freq = connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, freq)
        start()
 
    elif data == "d":
        oldf = connect("getfreq" + " " + radio_num)
        newf = str(float(oldf) - 1)
        freq = connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, freq)
        start()
 
    elif data == "lr":
        list_radios()
        start()
    elif data == "sr":
 
        radio_num, rname = set_radio()
 
        while not radio_num:
            radio_num, rname = set_radio()
 
        start()
 
    elif data == "gr":
        print "Radio selected is %s" % rname
        start()
 
    elif data == "gm":
        mode = connect("getmode" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, mode)
        start()
 
    elif data == "sm":
        smode = raw_input("Enter mode: ")
        mode = connect("setmode" + " " + smode + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, mode)
        start()
 
    elif data == "gf":
        freq = connect("getfreq" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s kHz" % (rname, freq)
        start()
 
    elif data == "sf":
        sfreq = raw_input("Enter freq (kHz): ")
        freq = connect("setfreq" + " " + sfreq + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, freq)
        start()
 
    elif data == "gs":
        smeter = connect("getsmeter" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %sdBm" % (rname, smeter)
        start()
 
    elif data == "gp":
        preamp = connect("getpreamp" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, preamp)
        start()
 
    elif data == "pon":
        preamp = connect("preampon" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, preamp)
        start()
 
    elif data == "p2on":
        preamp = connect("preamp2on" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, preamp)
        start()
 
    elif data == "poff":
        preamp = connect("preampoff" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, preamp)
        start()
 
    elif data == "gatt":
        preamp = connect("getatt" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, preamp)
        start()
 
    elif data == "aton":
        att = connect("atton" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, att)
        start()
 
    elif data == "atoff":
        att = connect("attoff" + " " + radio_num)
        print "%s replied: %s" % (rname, att)
        start()
 
    elif data == "ga":
        get_all()
        start()
 
 
    elif data == "log":
        fname = raw_input("Enter a filename (or \"Return\" for default) :")
        if fname == "":
            fname = smlog
        # check file is valid
        try:
            f = open(fname, 'a+')
            f.close()
        except IOError:
            print "File/path not valid"
            start()
 
        list_radios()
 
        lradio = get_lradio()
 
        while not lradio:
            lradio = get_lradio()
 
        rname = get_rname(int(lradio) - 1)
        if lradio in log_active:
            print "Logging already active on " + rname
        else:
            tlog = int(raw_input("Enter a polling interval (seconds) :"))
            p = threading.Thread(target=log, args=(lradio, tlog, fname))
            p.setDaemon(True)
            p.start()
            log_active.append(lradio)
        start()
 
    elif data == "sync":
        sync_result = sync()
        print sync_result
        start()
 
 
    elif data == "h" or data == "help":
        prompt()
        start()
 
 
    elif data == "q" or data == "quit":
        rx = connect("quit")
        print "Server says: %s " % rx
 
    else:
        #prompt()
        start()
 
 
def get_all():
    num = get_rnum()
    global radio
    print "There are currently %d radios connected." % num
    print "=" * 33
    for i in range(0, num):
        r = get_rname(i)
        n = "".join(("r", str(i + 1)))
        freq = connect("getfreq" + " " + n)
        mode = connect("getmode" + " " + str(n))
        smeter = connect("getsmeter" + " " + str(n))
        preamp = connect("getpreamp" + " " + str(n))
        att = connect("getatt" + " " + str(n))
 
        print "Status of Radio %d (%s) \r\n" % (i + 1, r)
        print "Frequency : %s kHz" % freq
        print "Mode: %s" % mode
        print "S-Meter: %sdBm" % smeter
        print "Preamp = %s" % preamp
        print "Attenuator = %s " % att
        print "=" * 33
 
    print ""
 
 
def log(p, t, f):
    print "\n\n"
    tlog = t
    sradio = get_rname(int(p) - 1)
 
    sr = "".join(("r", str(p)))
    while True:
        try:
            frequency = connect("getfreq" + " " + sr + "\n")
            smeter = connect("getsmeter" + " " + sr + "\n")
            mode = connect("getmode" + " " + sr + "\n")
            write_file(f, sradio, mode, frequency, smeter)
            time.sleep(tlog)
        finally:
            pass
 
 
def get_mradio():
    num = get_rnum()
 
    mradio = raw_input("Choose Master radio number from the list: ").strip()
 
    if not mradio:
        print "Please select a radio"
        return False
    elif int(mradio) > num:
        print "Selected radio not recognized"
        return False
 
    else:
 
        return mradio
 
 
def get_sradio():
    num = get_rnum()
    sradio = raw_input("Choose Slave radio number from the list: ").strip()
 
    if not sradio:
        print "Please select a radio"
        return False
    elif int(sradio) > num:
        print "Selected radio not recognized"
        return False
 
    else:
 
        return sradio
 
 
def sync():
    num = get_rnum()
    print ""
    print "Set SLAVE to the same Frequency and Mode as MASTER.\r\n"
    print "Currently connected radios are:"
    for i in range(0, num):
        r = get_rname(i)
        print "%d is %s" % (i + 1, r)
 
    mradio = get_mradio()
    while not mradio:
        mradio = get_mradio()
 
    sradio = get_sradio()
    while not sradio:
        sradio = get_sradio()
    sr = "".join(("r", sradio))
    mr = "".join(("r", mradio))
    mfreq = connect("getfreq" + " " + mr)
    mmode = connect("getmode" + " " + mr)
 
    sfreq = connect("setfreq" + " " + mfreq + " " + sr)
    smode = connect("setmode" + " " + mmode + " " + sr)
 
    return (sfreq + "\r\n" + smode + "\r\n")
 
 
# Try to send and receive in one-go, to prevent the logging thread and the main prog
# getting the wrong receive data
 
def connect(data):
    try:
        lock.acquire()
        global sock
        sock.sendall(data + "\n")
        received = sock.recv(2048)
    finally:
        lock.release()
 
    return received
 
 
def write_file(fname, rname, mode, freq, smeter):
    filename = fname
    f = open(filename, 'a+')
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, rname, mode, freq, smeter, "\r\n"))
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
make_con()
 
lock = threading.Lock()
get_all()
print "Please choose a radio\r\n"
radio_num, rname = set_radio()
while not radio_num:
    radio_num, rname = set_radio()
 
prompt()
start()

Example session

There are currently 3 radios connected.
=================================
Status of Radio 1 (IC-R75) 
 
Frequency : 2187.500 kHz
Mode: DATA
S-Meter: -114.2dBm
Preamp = 0
Attenuator = 0 
=================================
Status of Radio 2 (IC-M710) 
 
Frequency : 16804.500 kHz
Mode: DATA
S-Meter: -120.0dBm
Preamp = None
Attenuator = None 
=================================
Status of Radio 3 (AR7030) 
 
Frequency : 2182.000 kHz
Mode: USB
S-Meter: -110.3dBm
Preamp = 0
Attenuator = 0 
=================================
 
Please choose a radio
 
There are currently 3 radios connected.
Radio 1 is IC-R75
Radio 2 is IC-M710
Radio 3 is AR7030
Choose a radio number from the list : 3
 
The available commands are:
lr   : List Radios
sr   : Select the Radio to control
gr   : Get currently selected Radio name
gm   : Get Mode
sm   : Set Mode
gf   : Get Freq
sf   : Set Freq
gs   : Get S-meter
gp   : Get Pre-amp
pon  : Set Pre-amp On
p2on : Set Pre-amp 2 On
poff : Set Pre-amp Off
gatt : Get Attn
aton : Set Attn On
atoff: Set Attn Off
ga   : Get All (status of all radios)
sync : Sync freq/mode on two radios
log  : Setup background logging to file
h    : Help (show this command list)
q    : quit
 
AR7030 (2182.000 USB)  > sf 5680
AR7030 replied: Freq Set
AR7030 (5680.000 USB)  >

GUI Client

No S-meter version

gui_nosmeter.py

gui_nosmeter.py

# # new class-based gui
 
from Tkinter import *
import socket
import threading
import time
 
 
 
class Network(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.sock = self.make_con()
 
    def make_con(self):
        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.sock.connect(("192.168.21.107", 9999))
        return self.sock
 
    def connect(self, data):
        try:
            lock.acquire()
            self.sock.sendall(data + "\n")
            self.received = self.sock.recv(2048)
        finally:
            lock.release()
            return self.received
 
class Dash(object):
    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
 
        self.s = (n1.sock.getsockname())
        self.p = (n1.sock.getpeername())
 
 
 
        dash_frame = Toplevel(master, borderwidth = 2, relief = GROOVE, bg = 'black')
        dash_frame.title("Server")
        dash_frame.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.handler)
        dash_frame.resizable(0, 0)
        dash_frame.geometry("300x150+10-10")
        dash_frame.grid()
 
        #self.utc_time = StringVar()
        #Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.utc_time, fg = 'green', bg = 'black').grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.s, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = " < --- > ", bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.p, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 2, sticky = E)
 
        self.server_msg_l = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.server_msg_l, fg = 'yellow', bg = 'black').grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = W)
 
        q_button = Button(dash_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
    def handler(self):
        pass
 
    def up_dash(self):
        self.server_msg = n1.connect("ident")
        self.server_msg_l.set(self.server_msg)
        #self.utc_time.set(time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M", time.gmtime(time.time())))
        return
 
class nRadio(object):
    def __init__(self, master, radio):
        self.master = master
 
        self.radio = radio
        self.num = "".join(("r", self.radio))
 
 
        radio_frame = Frame(master, borderwidth=2, relief=GROOVE)
 
        radio_frame.grid()
        self.smeter_list = []
 
        Label(radio_frame, text="Name", width=10).grid(row=0, column=0)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Freq/kHz", width=10).grid(row=0, column=1)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Mode", width=10).grid(row=0, column=2)
        #Label(radio_frame, text="Signal/dBm", width=10).grid(row=0, column=3)
        #Label(radio_frame, text="Max/dBm", width=10, fg='red').grid(row=0, column=4)
        #Label(radio_frame, text="Ave/dBm", width=10, fg='green').grid(row=0, column=5)
        #Label(radio_frame, text="Min/dBm", width=10, fg='blue').grid(row=0, column=6)
 
        self.name_l = StringVar()
        self.l_name = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.name_l, width=10)
        self.l_name.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.freq_l = StringVar()
        self.l_freq = Label(radio_frame, fg='red', textvariable=self.freq_l, width=10)
        self.l_freq.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E)
 
        self.mode_l = StringVar()
        self.l_mode = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.mode_l, width=10)
        self.l_mode.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=E)
        '''
        self.e_mode = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        self.e_mode.grid(row=2, column=2)
        self.e_mode.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_mode(self.num)))
        '''
        #self.e_mode = StringVar()
        self.b_mode_usb = Button(radio_frame, text = "USB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("usb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_usb.grid(row = 3, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_lsb = Button(radio_frame, text = "LSB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("lsb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_lsb.grid(row = 3, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_cw = Button(radio_frame, text = "CW", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("cw", self.num))
        self.b_mode_cw.grid(row = 4, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Button(radio_frame, text = "AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 4, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_data = Button(radio_frame, text = "Data", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("data", self.num))
        self.b_mode_data.grid(row = 3, column = 2)
 
        self.b_qsy_up = Button(radio_frame, text = "+1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_up( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_up.grid(row = 3, column = 3)
 
        self.b_qsy_down = Button(radio_frame, text = "-1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_down( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_down.grid(row = 4, column = 3)
 
        self.b_update = Button(radio_frame, text = "Get", width = 6, command = lambda:self.get_all())
        self.b_update.grid(row = 0, column = 3)
 
 
        self.smeter_l = StringVar()
        self.l_smeter = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.smeter_l, width=10)
        #self.l_smeter.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=E)
 
        self.max_var = StringVar()
        self.l_max = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.max_var, width=10)
        #self.l_max.grid(row=1, column=4)
 
        self.ave_var = StringVar()
        self.l_average = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.ave_var, width=10)
        #self.l_average.grid(row=1, column=5)
 
        self.min_var = StringVar()
        self.l_min = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.min_var, width=10)
        #self.l_min.grid(row=1, column=6)
 
        self.e_freq = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        self.e_freq.grid(row=2, column=1)
        self.e_freq.focus()
        self.e_freq.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_freq(self.num)))
 
 
 
        self.pre = IntVar()
        self.cb_pre = Checkbutton(radio_frame, variable=self.pre, command=lambda: self.preamp_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_pre.grid(row=5, column=3, sticky=E)
 
        self.l_pre = Label(radio_frame, width=10, text="Preamp")
        self.l_pre.grid(row=5, column=2, sticky=W)
 
        self.att = IntVar()
        self.cb_att = Checkbutton(radio_frame, variable=self.att, command=lambda: self.att_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_att.grid(row=6, column=3, sticky=E)
 
        self.l_att = Label(radio_frame, width=10, text="Att")
        self.l_att.grid(row=6, column=2, sticky=W)
 
        self.set_log = IntVar()
        self.cb_log = Checkbutton(radio_frame, variable = self.set_log)
        #self.cb_log.grid(row = 6, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        self.l_log = Label(radio_frame, width = 10, text = "Log to file...")
        #self.l_log.grid(row = 6, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
        self.c1 = Canvas(radio_frame, width=260, height=100, bg='black')
        #self.c1.grid(row=2, column=3, columnspan=4, rowspan=3)
 
        name = self.get_name(radio)
 
 
    def get_all(self):
 
        self.get_freq(self.num)
        self.get_mode(self.num)
        #self.get_smeter(self.num)
        self.get_preamp(self.num)
        self.get_atten(self.num)
        #self.graph_points()       
        #self.avg()
        #self.max()
        #self.min()
 
        if self.set_log.get() == 1:
            if int(time.time()) % 10.0 == 0:
                self.write_file()
        return
 
    def get_freq(self, radio):
 
        self.freq = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        self.freq_l.set(self.freq)
        return
 
    def set_freq(self, radio):
        self.freq = str(self.e_freq.get())
        self.newfreq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + self.freq + " " + radio)
        self.e_freq.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_up(self,radio):
 
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) + 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_down(self,radio):
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) - 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_mode(self, radio):
        self.mode = n1.connect("getmode" + " " + radio)
        self.mode_l.set(self.mode)
        return
 
    def set_mode(self, mode, radio):
        #self.mode = str(self.e_mode.get())
        self.newmode = n1.connect("setmode" + " " + mode + " " + radio)
        #self.e_mode.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_smeter(self, radio):
        self.smeter = n1.connect("getsmeter" + " " + radio)
        self.smeter_l.set(self.smeter)
        self.smeter_list.append(float(self.smeter))
        if len(self.smeter_list) > 120:
            self.smeter_list.pop(0)
        return
 
    def avg(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        total = 0
        for i in s:
            total += i
        self.av = round((total / len(s)), 1)
        self.ave_var.set(str(self.av))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), fill="green")
        return self.av
 
    def min(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mn = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i < self.mn:
                self.mn = i
        self.min_var.set(str(self.mn))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), fill="blue")
        return self.mn
 
    def max(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mx = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i > self.mx:
                self.mx = i
        self.max_var.set(str(self.mx))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), fill="red")
        return self.mx
 
    def get_preamp(self, radio):
        self.preamp = n1.connect("getpreamp" + " " + radio)
        if self.preamp == "1":
            self.cb_pre.select()
        elif self.preamp == "0":
            self.cb_pre.deselect()
        return
 
    def preamp_onoff(self, radio):
        self.prestate = self.pre.get()
        if self.prestate:
            n1.connect("preampon" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("preampoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def att_onoff(self, radio):
        self.attstate = self.att.get()
        if self.attstate:
            n1.connect("atton" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("attoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
 
    def get_atten(self, radio):
        self.atten = n1.connect("getatt" + " " + radio)
        if self.atten == "1":
            self.cb_att.select()
        elif self.atten == "0":
            self.cb_att.deselect()
        return
 
    def get_name(self, radio):
        print radio
        self.all_names = n1.connect("listradios")
        self.radios = self.all_names.split()
        print self.radios
        self.name = self.radios[int(radio) - 1]
        self.name_l.set(self.name)
        return
 
    def graph_points(self):
        seq = self.smeter_list
        y_stretch = 1
        y_gap = 5
        x_stretch = 0
        x_width = 2
        x_gap = 2
        height = 100
        self.c1.delete(ALL)
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), fill='white')
        for x, y in enumerate(seq):
            yd = y + 123
            x0 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_gap
            y0 = height - (yd * y_stretch + y_gap)
            x1 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_width + x_gap
            y1 = height - y_gap
            self.c1.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill="yellow")
 
    def write_file(self):
        self.filename = self.name+".txt"
        self.f = open(self.filename, 'a+')
        timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
        log = " ".join((timenow, self.name, self.mode, self.freq, self.smeter, self.preamp, self.atten, "\r\n"))
        self.f.write(log)
        self.f.close()
 
def update():
    #loops = 0
 
    try:
        nRadio1.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio2.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio3.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio4.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    d1.up_dash()
    return
 
def main():
    #loops = 0
    while True:
        try:
            nRadio1.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio2.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio3.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio4.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        d1.up_dash()
        #loops += 1
        #print threading.currentThread().name, loops
        time.sleep(5)
 
def close():
    n1.connect("quit")
    root.destroy()
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    version = "v0.4"
    lock = threading.Lock()
    root = Tk()
    #w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
    #root.geometry("%dx%d+0+0" % (w, h))
    #root.geometry("300x520+0+0")
    root.title("Netradio " + version)
    #root.withdraw()
    n1 = Network()
    #radio_count = (n1.connect("count"))
    #radio_count = 3
 
    radio_count = int(n1.connect("count"))
    if radio_count > 0:
        nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")
    if radio_count > 1:
        nRadio2 = nRadio(root, "2")
    if radio_count > 2:
        nRadio3 = nRadio(root, "3")
    if radio_count > 3:
        nRadio4 = nRadio(root, "4")
 
    d1 = Dash(root)
 
    #print threading.currentThread().name
    #m1 = threading.Thread(target = main)
    #m1.setDaemon(True)
    #m1.start()
 
    update()
 
    root.mainloop()

S-meter display version

gui.py

gui.py

# # new class-based gui
 
from Tkinter import *
import socket
import threading
import time
 
 
 
class Network(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.sock = self.make_con()
 
    def make_con(self):
        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.sock.connect(("192.168.21.107", 9999))
        return self.sock
 
    def connect(self, data):
        try:
            lock.acquire()
            self.sock.sendall(data + "\n")
            self.received = self.sock.recv(2048)
        finally:
            lock.release()
            return self.received
 
class Dash(object):
    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
 
        self.s = (n1.sock.getsockname())
        self.p = (n1.sock.getpeername())
 
 
 
        dash_frame = Toplevel(master, borderwidth = 2, relief = GROOVE, bg = 'black')
        dash_frame.title("Server")
        dash_frame.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.handler)
        dash_frame.resizable(0, 0)
        dash_frame.geometry("300x150-10+10")
        dash_frame.grid()
 
        self.utc_time = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.utc_time, fg = 'green', bg = 'black').grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.s, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = " < --- > ", bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.p, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 2, sticky = E)
 
        self.server_msg_l = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.server_msg_l, fg = 'yellow', bg = 'black').grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = W)
 
        q_button = Button(dash_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
    def handler(self):
        pass
 
    def up_dash(self):
        self.server_msg = n1.connect("ident")
        self.server_msg_l.set(self.server_msg)
        self.utc_time.set(time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M", time.gmtime(time.time())))
        return
 
class nRadio(object):
    def __init__(self, master, radio):
        self.master = master
 
        self.radio = radio
        self.num = "".join(("r", self.radio))
 
 
        radio_frame = Frame(master, borderwidth=2, relief=GROOVE)
 
        radio_frame.grid()
        self.smeter_list = []
 
        Label(radio_frame, text="Name", width=10).grid(row=0, column=0)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Freq/kHz", width=10).grid(row=0, column=1)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Mode", width=10).grid(row=0, column=2)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Signal/dBm", width=10).grid(row=0, column=3)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Max/dBm", width=10, fg='red').grid(row=0, column=4)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Ave/dBm", width=10, fg='green').grid(row=0, column=5)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Min/dBm", width=10, fg='blue').grid(row=0, column=6)
 
        self.name_l = StringVar()
        self.l_name = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.name_l, width=10)
        self.l_name.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.freq_l = StringVar()
        self.l_freq = Label(radio_frame, fg='red', textvariable=self.freq_l, width=10)
        self.l_freq.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E)
 
        self.mode_l = StringVar()
        self.l_mode = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.mode_l, width=10)
        self.l_mode.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=E)
        '''
        self.e_mode = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        self.e_mode.grid(row=2, column=2)
        self.e_mode.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_mode(self.num)))
        '''
        #self.e_mode = StringVar()
        self.b_mode_usb = Button(radio_frame, text = "USB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("usb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_usb.grid(row = 3, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_lsb = Button(radio_frame, text = "LSB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("lsb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_lsb.grid(row = 3, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_cw = Button(radio_frame, text = "CW", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("cw", self.num))
        self.b_mode_cw.grid(row = 4, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Button(radio_frame, text = "AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 4, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_data = Button(radio_frame, text = "Data", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("data", self.num))
        self.b_mode_data.grid(row = 3, column = 2)
 
        self.smeter_l = StringVar()
        self.l_smeter = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.smeter_l, width=10)
        self.l_smeter.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=E)
 
        self.max_var = StringVar()
        self.l_max = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.max_var, width=10)
        self.l_max.grid(row=1, column=4)
 
        self.ave_var = StringVar()
        self.l_average = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.ave_var, width=10)
        self.l_average.grid(row=1, column=5)
 
        self.min_var = StringVar()
        self.l_min = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.min_var, width=10)
        self.l_min.grid(row=1, column=6)
 
        self.e_freq = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        self.e_freq.grid(row=2, column=1)
        self.e_freq.focus()
        self.e_freq.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_freq(self.num)))
 
 
 
        self.pre = IntVar()
        self.cb_pre = Checkbutton(radio_frame, variable=self.pre, command=lambda: self.preamp_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_pre.grid(row=5, column=4, sticky=E)
 
        self.l_pre = Label(radio_frame, width=10, text="Preamp")
        self.l_pre.grid(row=5, column=3, sticky=W)
 
        self.att = IntVar()
        self.cb_att = Checkbutton(radio_frame, variable=self.att, command=lambda: self.att_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_att.grid(row=6, column=4, sticky=E)
 
        self.l_att = Label(radio_frame, width=10, text="Att")
        self.l_att.grid(row=6, column=3, sticky=W)
 
        self.set_log = IntVar()
        self.cb_log = Checkbutton(radio_frame, variable = self.set_log)
        self.cb_log.grid(row = 6, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        self.l_log = Label(radio_frame, width = 10, text = "Log to file...")
        self.l_log.grid(row = 6, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
        self.c1 = Canvas(radio_frame, width=260, height=100, bg='black')
        self.c1.grid(row=2, column=3, columnspan=4, rowspan=3)
 
        name = self.get_name(radio)
 
 
    def get_all(self):
 
        self.get_freq(self.num)
        self.get_mode(self.num)
        self.get_smeter(self.num)
        self.get_preamp(self.num)
        self.get_atten(self.num)
        self.graph_points()       
        self.avg()
        self.max()
        self.min()
 
        if self.set_log.get() == 1:
            if int(time.time()) % 10.0 == 0:
                self.write_file()
        return
 
    def get_freq(self, radio):
 
        self.freq = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        self.freq_l.set(self.freq)
        return
 
    def set_freq(self, radio):
        self.freq = str(self.e_freq.get())
        self.newfreq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + self.freq + " " + radio)
        self.e_freq.delete(0, END)
 
        return
 
    def get_mode(self, radio):
        self.mode = n1.connect("getmode" + " " + radio)
        self.mode_l.set(self.mode)
        return
 
    def set_mode(self, mode, radio):
        #self.mode = str(self.e_mode.get())
        self.newmode = n1.connect("setmode" + " " + mode + " " + radio)
        #self.e_mode.delete(0, END)
        return
 
    def get_smeter(self, radio):
        self.smeter = n1.connect("getsmeter" + " " + radio)
        self.smeter_l.set(self.smeter)
        self.smeter_list.append(float(self.smeter))
        if len(self.smeter_list) > 120:
            self.smeter_list.pop(0)
        return
 
    def avg(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        total = 0
        for i in s:
            total += i
        self.av = round((total / len(s)), 1)
        self.ave_var.set(str(self.av))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), fill="green")
        return self.av
 
    def min(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mn = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i < self.mn:
                self.mn = i
        self.min_var.set(str(self.mn))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), fill="blue")
        return self.mn
 
    def max(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mx = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i > self.mx:
                self.mx = i
        self.max_var.set(str(self.mx))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), fill="red")
        return self.mx
 
    def get_preamp(self, radio):
        self.preamp = n1.connect("getpreamp" + " " + radio)
        if self.preamp == "1":
            self.cb_pre.select()
        elif self.preamp == "0":
            self.cb_pre.deselect()
        return
 
    def preamp_onoff(self, radio):
        self.prestate = self.pre.get()
        if self.prestate:
            n1.connect("preampon" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("preampoff" + " " + radio)
        return
 
    def att_onoff(self, radio):
        self.attstate = self.att.get()
        if self.attstate:
            n1.connect("atton" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("attoff" + " " + radio)
        return
 
 
    def get_atten(self, radio):
        self.atten = n1.connect("getatt" + " " + radio)
        if self.atten == "1":
            self.cb_att.select()
        elif self.atten == "0":
            self.cb_att.deselect()
        return
 
    def get_name(self, radio):
        print radio
        self.all_names = n1.connect("listradios")
        self.radios = self.all_names.split()
        print self.radios
        self.name = self.radios[int(radio) - 1]
        self.name_l.set(self.name)
        return
 
    def graph_points(self):
        seq = self.smeter_list
        y_stretch = 1
        y_gap = 5
        x_stretch = 0
        x_width = 2
        x_gap = 2
        height = 100
        self.c1.delete(ALL)
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), fill='white')
        for x, y in enumerate(seq):
            yd = y + 123
            x0 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_gap
            y0 = height - (yd * y_stretch + y_gap)
            x1 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_width + x_gap
            y1 = height - y_gap
            self.c1.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill="yellow")
 
    def write_file(self):
        self.filename = self.name+".txt"
        self.f = open(self.filename, 'a+')
        timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
        log = " ".join((timenow, self.name, self.mode, self.freq, self.smeter, self.preamp, self.atten, "\r\n"))
        self.f.write(log)
        self.f.close()
 
 
 
def main():
    #loops = 0
    while True:
        try:
            nRadio1.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio2.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio3.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio4.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        d1.up_dash()
        #loops += 1
        #print threading.currentThread().name, loops
        time.sleep(1)
 
def close():
    n1.connect("quit")
    root.destroy()
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    version = "v0.3"
    lock = threading.Lock()
    root = Tk()
    #w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
    #root.geometry("%dx%d+0+0" % (w, h))
    root.geometry("550x600+0+0")
    root.title("GM4SLV Radio Controller " + version)
    #root.withdraw()
    n1 = Network()
    #radio_count = (n1.connect("count"))
    #radio_count = 3
 
    radio_count = int(n1.connect("count"))
    if radio_count > 0:
        nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")
    if radio_count > 1:
        nRadio2 = nRadio(root, "2")
    if radio_count > 2:
        nRadio3 = nRadio(root, "3")
    if radio_count > 3:
        nRadio4 = nRadio(root, "4")
 
    d1 = Dash(root)
 
    #print threading.currentThread().name
    m1 = threading.Thread(target = main)
    m1.setDaemon(True)
    m1.start()
 
 
 
    root.mainloop()