Make It Tea

Old stuff but good

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

Old stuff but good

Alpine

#
# Alpine configuration file
#
# This file sets the configuration options used by Alpine and PC-Alpine. These
# options are usually set from within Alpine or PC-Alpine. There may be a
# system-wide configuration file which sets the defaults for some of the
# variables. On Unix, run alpine -conf to see how system defaults have been set.
# For variables that accept multiple values, list elements are separated by
# commas. A line beginning with a space or tab is considered to be a
# continuation of the previous line. For a variable to be unset its value must
# be blank. To set a variable to the empty string its value should be "".
# You can override system defaults by setting a variable to the empty string.
# Lines beginning with "#" are comments, and ignored by Alpine.

# Over-rides your full name from Unix password file. Required for PC-Alpine.
personal-name=

# Sets domain part of From: and local addresses in outgoing mail.
user-domain=gm4slv.plus.com

# List of SMTP servers for sending mail. If blank: Unix Alpine uses sendmail.
smtp-server=relay.plus.net:587/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com

# NNTP server for posting news. Also sets news-collections for news reading.
nntp-server=""

# Path of (local or remote) INBOX, e.g. ={mail.somewhere.edu}inbox
# Normal Unix default is the local INBOX (usually /var/spool/mail/$USER).
inbox-path={imap.plus.net:993/ssl/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com}inbox

# List of folder pairs; the first indicates a folder to archive, and the
# second indicates the folder read messages in the first should
# be moved to.
incoming-archive-folders=

# List of folders, assumed to be in first folder collection,
# offered for pruning each month.  For example: mumble
pruned-folders=

# Over-rides default path for sent-mail folder, e.g. =old-mail (using first
# folder collection dir) or ={host2}sent-mail or ="" (to suppress saving).
# Default: sent-mail (Unix) or SENTMAIL.MTX (PC) in default folder collection.
default-fcc={imap.plus.net:993/ssl/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com}Inbox.Sent

# Over-rides default path for saved-msg folder, e.g. =saved-messages (using 1st
# folder collection dir) or ={host2}saved-mail or ="" (to suppress saving).
# Default: saved-messages (Unix) or SAVEMAIL.MTX (PC) in default collection.
default-saved-msg-folder=

# Over-rides default path for postponed messages folder, e.g. =pm (which uses
# first folder collection dir) or ={host4}pm (using home dir on host4).
# Default: postponed-msgs (Unix) or POSTPOND.MTX (PC) in default fldr coltn.
postponed-folder=

# If set, specifies where already-read messages will be moved upon quitting.
read-message-folder=

# If set, specifies where form letters should be stored.
form-letter-folder=

# If set, specifies where trash is moved to in Web Alpine.
trash-folder=

# Contains the actual signature contents as opposed to the signature filename.
# If defined, this overrides the signature-file. Default is undefined.
literal-signature=

# Over-rides default path for signature file. Default is ~/.signature
signature-file=

# List of features; see Alpine's Setup/options menu for the current set.
# e.g. feature-list= select-without-confirm, signature-at-bottom
# Default condition for all of the features is no-.
feature-list=combined-folder-display,
	expanded-view-of-folders,
	expose-hidden-config,
	no-force-arrow-cursor,
	enable-incoming-folders,
	combined-subdirectory-display,
	enable-incoming-folders-checking,
	preopen-stayopen-folders,
	no-enable-msg-view-forced-arrows,
	enable-full-header-and-text,
	enable-cruise-mode,
	prefer-plain-text,
	enable-mail-check-cue,
	no-show-cursor,
	quell-empty-directories,
	no-separate-folder-and-directory-entries,
	no-enable-dot-folders,
	vertical-folder-list,
	single-column-folder-list,
	expanded-view-of-distribution-lists,
	disable-take-last-comma-first,
	no-assume-slow-link,
	show-plain-text-internally,
	enable-msg-view-addresses,
	no-enable-arrow-navigation-relaxed,
	no-enable-lame-list-mode

# Alpine executes these keys upon startup (e.g. to view msg 13: i,j,1,3,CR,v)
initial-keystroke-list=

# Only show these headers (by default) when composing messages
default-composer-hdrs=

# Add these customized headers (and possible default values) when composing
customized-hdrs=

# When viewing messages, include this list of headers
viewer-hdrs=

# When viewing messages, number of blank spaces between left display edge and text
viewer-margin-left=

# When viewing messages, number of blank spaces between right display edge and text
viewer-margin-right=

# When viewing messages, number of lines of quote displayed before suppressing
quote-suppression-threshold=

# Determines default folder name for Saves...
# Choices: default-folder, by-sender, by-from, by-recipient, last-folder-used.
# Default: "default-folder", i.e. "saved-messages" (Unix) or "SAVEMAIL" (PC).
saved-msg-name-rule=

# Determines default name for Fcc...
# Choices: default-fcc, by-recipient, last-fcc-used.
# Default: "default-fcc" (see also "default-fcc=" variable.)
fcc-name-rule=

# Sets presentation order of messages in Index. Choices:
# Subject, From, Arrival, Date, Size, To, Cc, OrderedSubj, Score, and Thread.
# Order may be reversed by appending /Reverse. Default: "Arrival".
sort-key=

# Sets presentation order of address book entries. Choices: dont-sort,
# fullname-with-lists-last, fullname, nickname-with-lists-last, nickname
# Default: "fullname-with-lists-last".
addrbook-sort-rule=

# Sets presentation order of folder list entries. Choices: alphabetical,
# alpha-with-dirs-last, alpha-with-dirs-first.
# Default: "alpha-with-directories-last".
folder-sort-rule=

# Sets the default folder and collection offered at the Goto Command's prompt.
goto-default-rule=

# Sets message which cursor begins on. Choices: first-unseen, first-recent,
# first-important, first-important-or-unseen, first-important-or-recent,
# first, last. Default: "first-unseen".
incoming-startup-rule=

# Allows a default answer for the prune folder questions. Choices: yes-ask,
# yes-no, no-ask, no-no, ask-ask, ask-no. Default: "ask-ask".
pruning-rule=

# Controls behavior when reopening an already open folder.
folder-reopen-rule=

# Style that MESSAGE INDEX is displayed in when threading.
threading-display-style=

# Style of THREAD INDEX or default MESSAGE INDEX when threading.
threading-index-style=

# When threading, character used to indicate collapsed messages underneath.
threading-indicator-character=

# When threading, character used to indicate expanded messages underneath.
threading-expanded-character=

# When threading, character used to indicate this is the last reply
# to the parent of this message.
threading-lastreply-character=

# Reflects capabilities of the display you have.
# If unset, the default is taken from your locale. That is usually the right
# thing to use. Typical alternatives include UTF-8, ISO-8859-x, and EUC-JP
# (where x is a number between 1 and 9).
display-character-set=

# Reflects capabilities of the keyboard you have.
# If unset, the default is to use the same value
# used for the display-character-set.
keyboard-character-set=

# Defaults to UTF-8. This is used for outgoing messages.
# It is usually correct to leave this unset.
posting-character-set=

# Defaults to nothing, which is equivalent to US-ASCII. This is used for
# unlabeled incoming messages. It is ok to leave this unset but if you receive
# unlabeled mail that is usually in some known character set, set that here.
unknown-character-set=

# Specifies the program invoked by ^_ in the Composer,
# or the "enable-alternate-editor-implicitly" feature.
editor=

# Specifies the program invoked by ^T in the Composer.
speller=

# Specifies the column of the screen where the composer should wrap.
composer-wrap-column=

# Specifies the string to insert when replying to a message.
reply-indent-string=

# Specifies the introduction to insert when replying to a message.
reply-leadin=

# Specifies the string to replace quotes with when viewing a message.
quote-replace-string=

# When these characters appear in the middle of a word in the composer
# the forward word function will stop at the first text following (as happens
# with SPACE characters by default)
composer-word-separators=

# Specifies the string to use when sending a  message with no to or cc.
empty-header-message=

# Program to view images (e.g. GIF or TIFF attachments).
image-viewer=

# If "user-domain" not set, strips hostname in FROM address. (Unix only)
use-only-domain-name=

# This variable takes a list of programs that message text is piped into
# after MIME decoding, prior to display.
display-filters=

# This defines a program that message text is piped into before MIME
# encoding, prior to sending
sending-filters=

# A list of alternate addresses the user is known by
alt-addresses=

# A list of keywords for use in categorizing messages
keywords=

# Characters which surround keywords in SUBJKEY token.
# Default is "{" "} "
keyword-surrounding-chars=

# Characters between subject and opening text in SUBJECTTEXT token.
# Default is " - "
opening-text-separator-chars=

# This is a list of formats for address books.  Each entry in the list is made
# up of space-delimited tokens telling which fields are displayed and in
# which order.  See help text
addressbook-formats=

# This gives a format for displaying the index.  It is made
# up of space-delimited tokens telling which fields are displayed and in
# which order.  See help text
index-format=

# The number of lines of overlap when scrolling through message text
viewer-overlap=

# Number of lines from top and bottom of screen where single
# line scrolling occurs.
scroll-margin=

# The number of seconds to sleep after writing a status message
status-message-delay=

# Number of times per-second to update busy cue messages
busy-cue-rate=

# The approximate number of seconds between checks for new mail
mail-check-interval=

# The approximate number of seconds between checks for new mail in folders
# other than the current folder and inbox.
# Default is same as mail-check-interval
mail-check-interval-noncurrent=

# The minimum number of seconds between checks for new mail in a Mail Drop.
# This is always effectively at least as large as the mail-check-interval
maildrop-check-minimum=

# For newsgroups accessed using NNTP, only messages numbered in the range
# lastmsg-range+1 to lastmsg will be considered
nntp-range=

# Full path and name of NEWSRC file
newsrc-path=

# Path and filename of news configuration's active file.
# The default is typically "/usr/lib/news/active".
news-active-file-path=

# Directory containing system's news data.
# The default is typically "/var/spool/news"
news-spool-directory=

# Path and filename of the program used to upload text from your terminal
# emulator's into Alpine's composer.
upload-command=

# Text sent to terminal emulator prior to invoking the program defined by
# the upload-command variable.
# Note: _FILE_ will be replaced with the temporary file used in the upload.
upload-command-prefix=

# Path and filename of the program used to download text via your terminal
# emulator from Alpine's export and save commands.
download-command=

# Text sent to terminal emulator prior to invoking the program defined by
# the download-command variable.
# Note: _FILE_ will be replaced with the temporary file used in the download.
download-command-prefix=

# Sets the search path for the mailcap configuration file.
# NOTE: colon delimited under UNIX, semi-colon delimited under DOS/Windows/OS2.
mailcap-search-path=

# Sets the search path for the mimetypes configuration file.
# NOTE: colon delimited under UNIX, semi-colon delimited under DOS/Windows/OS2.
mimetype-search-path=

# Sets the path for the system ssl certificates issued by a trusted
# certificate authority. Note that this could be a list of paths, if the same
# pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the first one that
# it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
system-certs-path=

# Sets the path for the system ssl file container of certificates issued by a
# certificate authority. Note that this could be a list of container files,
# if the same pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the,
# first one that it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
system-certs-file=

# Sets the path for a file that contains certificates that a user trusts.
Note that this could be a list of container files,
# if the same pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the,
# first one that it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
user-certs-path=

# Sets the path for a file that contains certificates that a user trusts.
Note that this could be a list of container files,
# if the same pinerc is used in different systems. Alpine always chooses the,
# first one that it finds. Value must be an absolute path.
user-certs-file=

# List of programs to open Internet URLs (e.g. http or ftp references).
url-viewers=

# List of directories that are preferred locations to save or export attachments.
default-directories=

# The maximum number of non-stayopen remote connections that Alpine will use
max-remote-connections=

# A list of folders that should be left open once opened (INBOX is implicit)
stay-open-folders=""

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a network
# connection when checking for new unseen messages in an incoming folder.
#  The default is 5.
incoming-check-timeout=

# Sets the approximate number of seconds between checks for unseen messages
# in incoming folders. The default is 180.
incoming-check-interval=

# Sets the approximate number of seconds between checks for unseen messages
# for other than local or IMAP folders. The default is 180.
incoming-check-interval-secondary=

# List of incoming folders to check for unseen messages. The default if left
# blank is to check all incoming folders.
incoming-check-list=

# Specifies the number of dead letter files to keep when canceling.
dead-letter-files=

# Sets the filename for the newmail fifo (named pipe). Unix only.
newmail-fifo-path=

# Sets the width for the NewMail screen.
newmail-window-width=

# List of incoming msg folders besides INBOX, e.g. ={host2}inbox, {host3}inbox
# Syntax: optnl-label {optnl-imap-host-name}folder-path
incoming-folders=W2W {imap.123-reg.co.uk:993/ssl/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk}INBOX

# List of directories where saved-message folders may be. First one is
# the default for Saves. Example: Main {host1}mail/[], Desktop mail\[]
# Syntax: optnl-label {optnl-imap-hostname}optnl-directory-path[]
folder-collections="W2W Folders" {imap.123-reg.co.uk:993/ssl/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk}[],
	PlusNet {imap.plus.net:993/user=gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com/ssl}INBOX.[]

# List, only needed if nntp-server not set, or news is on a different host
# than used for NNTP posting. Examples: News *[] or News *{host3/nntp}[]
# Syntax: optnl-label *{news-host/protocol}[]
news-collections=

# List of file or path names for personal addressbook(s).
# Default: ~/.addressbook (Unix) or \PINE\ADDRBOOK (PC)
# Syntax: optnl-label path-name
address-book=

# List of file or path names for global/shared addressbook(s).
# Default: none
# Syntax: optnl-label path-name
global-address-book=

# Set by Alpine; controls beginning-of-month sent-mail pruning.
last-time-prune-questioned=122.9

# Set by Alpine; controls display of "new version" message.
last-version-used=6.24

# This names the path to an alternative program, and any necessary arguments,
# to be used in posting mail messages.  Example:
#                    /usr/lib/sendmail -oem -t -oi
# or,
#                    /usr/local/bin/sendit.sh
# The latter a script found in Alpine distribution's contrib/util directory.
# NOTE: The program MUST read the message to be posted on standard input,
#       AND operate in the style of sendmail's "-t" option.
sendmail-path=

# This names the root of the tree to which the user is restricted when reading
# and writing folders and files.  For example, on Unix ~/work confines the
# user to the subtree beginning with their work subdirectory.
# (Note: this alone is not sufficient for preventing access.  You will also
# need to restrict shell access and so on, see Alpine Technical Notes.)
# Default: not set (so no restriction)
operating-dir=

# If no user input for this many hours, Alpine will exit if in an idle loop
# waiting for a new command.  If set to zero (the default), then there will
# be no timeout.
user-input-timeout=

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a network
# connection.  The default is 30, the minimum is 5, and the maximum is
# system defined (typically 75).
tcp-open-timeout=

# Network read warning timeout. The default is 15, the minimum is 5, and the
# maximum is 1000.
tcp-read-warning-timeout=

# Network write warning timeout. The default is 0 (unset), the minimum
# is 5 (if not 0), and the maximum is 1000.
tcp-write-warning-timeout=

# If this much time has elapsed at the time of a tcp read or write
# timeout, Alpine will ask if you want to break the connection.
# Default is 60 seconds, minimum is 5, maximum is 1000.
tcp-query-timeout=

# If this much time has elapsed at the time of a tcp read or write timeout,
# Alpine will close the connection automatically without user intervention.
# Setting this value to zero (the default) disables this. Setting this variable
# to a smaller value than tcp-query-timeout will close the connection
# automatically, and you will never be asked if you want to wait.
close-connection-timeout=

# Sets the format of the command used to open a UNIX remote
# shell connection.  The default is "%s %s -l %s exec /etc/r%sd"
# NOTE: the 4 (four) "%s" entries MUST exist in the provided command
# where the first is for the command's path, the second is for the
# host to connect to, the third is for the user to connect as, and the
# fourth is for the connection method (typically "imap")
rsh-command=

# Sets the name of the command used to open a UNIX remote shell connection.
# The default is typically /usr/ucb/rsh.
rsh-path=

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a UNIX remote
# shell connection.  The default is 15, min is 5, and max is unlimited.
# Zero disables rsh altogether.
rsh-open-timeout=

# Sets the format of the command used to open a UNIX secure
# shell connection.  The default is "%s %s -l %s exec /etc/r%sd"
# NOTE: the 4 (four) "%s" entries MUST exist in the provided command
# where the first is for the command's path, the second is for the
# host to connect to, the third is for the user to connect as, and the
# fourth is for the connection method (typically "imap")
ssh-command=

# Sets the name of the command used to open a UNIX secure shell connection.
# Typically this is /usr/bin/ssh.
ssh-path=

# Sets the time in seconds that Alpine will attempt to open a UNIX secure
# shell connection.  The default is 15, min is 5, and max is unlimited.
# Zero disables ssh altogether.
ssh-open-timeout=

# Sets the version number Alpine will use as a threshold for offering
# its new version message on startup.
new-version-threshold=

# List of mail drivers to disable.
disable-these-drivers=

# List of SASL authenticators to disable.
disable-these-authenticators=

# A range in the form min,max that sets the minimum amd maximum versions of the
# SSL protocol that Alpine will use when connecting to a secure server.
encryption-protocol-range=

# Set by Alpine; contains data for caching remote address books.
remote-abook-metafile=

# How many extra copies of remote address book should be kept. Default: 3
remote-abook-history=

# Minimum number of minutes between checks for remote address book changes.
# 0 means never check except when opening a remote address book.
# -1 means never check. Default: 5
remote-abook-validity=

# Your default printer selection
printer=

# List of special print commands
personal-print-command=

# Which category default print command is in
personal-print-category=

# Your client-id and client-secret information to authenticate using XOAUTH2
xoauth2-info=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-roles=LIT:pattern="/NICK=Wire2waves/FLDTYPE=SPEC/FOLDER={imap.123-reg.co.uk:993\/ssl\/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk}Personal,W2W" action="/ROLE=1/FROM=John Pumford-Green <john@wire2waves.co.uk>/SMTP=smtp.123-reg.co.uk\/ssl\/user=john@wire2waves.co.uk/RTYPE=NC/FTYPE=NC/CTYPE=NC"

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-filters2=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-scores2=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-indexcolors=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-other=

# Patterns and their actions are stored here.
patterns-search=

# Controls display of color
color-style=use-termdef

# Controls display of color for current index line
current-indexline-style=flip-colors

# Controls display of color for the titlebar at top of screen
titlebar-color-style=default

# Choose: black, blue, green, cyan, red, magenta, yellow, or white.
normal-foreground-color=255,255,255
normal-background-color=000,000,000
reverse-foreground-color=
reverse-background-color=
title-foreground-color=000,255,255
title-background-color=000,000,174
title-closed-foreground-color=
title-closed-background-color=
folder-foreground-color=
folder-background-color=
directory-foreground-color=
directory-background-color=
folder-list-text-foreground-color=
folder-list-text-background-color=
status-foreground-color=
status-background-color=
keylabel-foreground-color=000,255,255
keylabel-background-color=000,000,174
keyname-foreground-color=255,255,000
keyname-background-color=000,000,174
selectable-item-foreground-color=
selectable-item-background-color=
meta-message-foreground-color=
meta-message-background-color=
quote1-foreground-color=
quote1-background-color=
quote2-foreground-color=
quote2-background-color=
quote3-foreground-color=
quote3-background-color=
incoming-unseen-foreground-color=
incoming-unseen-background-color=
signature-foreground-color=
signature-background-color=
prompt-foreground-color=
prompt-background-color=
header-general-foreground-color=
header-general-background-color=
index-to-me-foreground-color=
index-to-me-background-color=
index-important-foreground-color=
index-important-background-color=
index-deleted-foreground-color=
index-deleted-background-color=
index-answered-foreground-color=255,255,255
index-answered-background-color=000,000,174
index-new-foreground-color=
index-new-background-color=
index-recent-foreground-color=
index-recent-background-color=
index-forward-foreground-color=
index-forward-background-color=
index-unseen-foreground-color=
index-unseen-background-color=
index-highpriority-foreground-color=
index-highpriority-background-color=
index-lowpriority-foreground-color=
index-lowpriority-background-color=
index-arrow-foreground-color=
index-arrow-background-color=
index-subject-foreground-color=
index-subject-background-color=
index-from-foreground-color=
index-from-background-color=
index-opening-foreground-color=
index-opening-background-color=

# Colors in which tokens will be displayed in the index screen
index-token-colors=

# When viewing messages, these are the header colors
viewer-hdr-colors=

# Colors used to display keywords in the index
keyword-colors=

# Public certificates are kept in files in this directory. The files should
# contain certificates in PEM format. The name of each file should look
# like <emailaddress>.crt. The default directory is .alpine-smime/public.
smime-public-cert-directory=

# If this option is set then public certificates are kept in a single container
# "file" similar to a remote configuration file instead of in the
# smime-publiccert-directory. The value can be a remote or local folder
# specification like for a non-standard pinerc value. The default
# is that it is not set.
smime-public-cert-container=

# Private keys are kept in files in this directory. The files are in PEM format.
# The name of a file should look like <emailaddress>.key.
# The default directory is .alpine-smime/private.
smime-private-key-directory=

# If this option is set then private keys are kept in a single container
# "file" similar to a remote configuration file instead of in the
# private-key-directory. The value can be a remote or local folder
# specification like for a non-standard pinerc value. The default
# is that it is not set.
smime-private-key-container=

# Certificate Authority certificates (in addition to the normal CACerts for the
# system) are kept in files in this directory. The files are in PEM format.
# Filenames should end with .crt. The default directory is .alpine-smime/ca.
smime-cacert-directory=

# If this option is set then CAcerts are kept in a single container
# "file" similar to a remote configuration file instead of in the
# ca-cert-directory. The value can be a remote or local folder
# specification like for a non-standard pinerc value. The default
# is that it is not set.
smime-cacert-container=

# LDAP servers for looking up addresses.
ldap-servers=

# RSS News feed
rss-news=

# RSS Weather feed
rss-weather=

# Web Alpine index table row height
wp-indexheight=

# Web Alpine number of index lines in table
wp-indexlines=

# Web Alpine aggregate operations tab state
wp-aggstate=

# Web Alpine various aspects of cross-session state
wp-state=

# Web Alpine preferred width for message display in characters
wp-columns=

telnet

I've put telnetd on the shack box and telnet clients on anything that didn't already have it.

SSH is great, but sometimes it's nice to go back to simpler times…..

ftp

And the same for ftp….

Section Two

— John Pumford-Green 30/09/22 18:26

Further Information

Watchcheck Python code

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 23 Jan 2026 14:13:10 +0000

Watchcheck Python code

I wrote a small python2 application to keep track of a watch/clock's daily rate error. It's a console-only mimic of an Android app that I use on my phone to track my watch timekeeping.

I wrote it mainly as a thought-experiment rather than as a fully functional piece of code.

You put the application in a directory specific to the watch and execute it from that directory. the data from each measurement is stored in a json file in the same directory.

update 23/01/26 I've modified the code to run under Python 3 - using the tool 2to3 and a minor manual tweak.

watchcheck.py in Python 3

watchcheck.py

# a text-terminal version of the WatchCheck app
## to track error, daily error rate of timepieces.
# auto update?
#
import time
import datetime
import json
 
 
 
 
def write_file(text):
    filename = "logfile.txt"
    f = open(filename, 'a+')
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text, "\r\n"))
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
 
def get_delta():
 
    print(time.strftime("Current Time = %H:%M"))
 
    h = time.strftime("%H")
    w = input("Watch time %s:" % (h))
    print(w)
 
    date = time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d")
    s = date + " " + h +":"+ w +":00"
 
    input("Press enter when seconds = 0 ")
 
    watchtime = time.mktime(datetime.datetime.strptime(s, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S").timetuple())
    record_time = time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
    timenow = time.time()
    delta = watchtime - timenow
 
    return record_time,delta
 
 
def watch_stat():
 
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
 
    if len(error_list) > 1:
        first_record = error_list[0]
        latest_record = error_list[-1]
        previous_record = error_list[-2]
 
        first_time = first_record[0]
 
        first_delta = first_record[1]
 
        latest_time = latest_record[0] 
        latest_delta = latest_record[1]
 
        previous_time = previous_record[0]
        previous_delta = previous_record[1]
 
        FMT = '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S'
 
        t_latest = datetime.datetime.strptime(latest_time, FMT)
        t_previous = datetime.datetime.strptime(previous_time, FMT)
        t_first = datetime.datetime.strptime(first_time, FMT)
 
        tdelta = t_latest - t_previous
        full_delta = t_latest - t_first
 
        elapsed_time = tdelta.total_seconds()
 
        full_time = full_delta.total_seconds()
 
        print("First record time ", first_time)
        print("First record delta ", first_delta)
        print("")
 
        print("Previous record time ", previous_time)
        print("Previous record delta ", previous_delta)
        print("")
 
        print("Latest record time " , latest_time)
        print("Latest record delta ", latest_delta)
        print("")
 
        print("Overall elapsed time ", full_delta)
        print("Latest elapsed time ", tdelta)
        print("")
 
        # Current Error rate
        time_error = latest_delta - previous_delta
        error_rate = time_error / elapsed_time
        daily_rate = error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_daily = error_rate * 1000000
 
        # Overall Error rate
        total_error = latest_delta - first_delta
        average_error_rate = total_error / full_time
 
        average_rate = average_error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_overall = average_error_rate * 1000000
 
 
        print("Latest delta change ", time_error)
 
        print("Latest elapsed time %d seconds " % (elapsed_time))
 
        print("")
        print("Daily PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_daily)
        print("Daily rate error: %0.1f s/d " % (daily_rate))
 
        print("")
        print("Total Time %d seconds" % (full_time))
        print("Total error ", total_error)
        print("Total PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_overall)
        print("Total rate error: %0.1f s/d" % (average_rate))
        print("")
        print("========================================================")
        print(" Delta : %+0.1f s | Rate : %+0.1f s/d | Average : %+0.1f s/d" % (latest_delta, daily_rate, average_rate))
        print("========================================================")
        print("")
        text = "\t%+0.1f\t\t%+0.1f\t\t%+0.1f" % (latest_delta, daily_rate, average_rate)
        write_file(text)
    else:
        print("No rate yet")
 
 
def new_record():
 
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
 
    s,delta = get_delta()
 
    print("")
    print("%s \n\nDelta %0.1f seconds" % (s, delta))
    last_data=[s,delta]
    error_list.append(last_data)
    #print error_list
 
    with open('error_list.json', 'w') as outfile:
        json.dump(error_list, outfile)
 
    return
 
def delete_last():
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
    error_list.pop()
 
    with open('error_list.json', 'w') as outfile:
        json.dump(error_list, outfile)
 
    return
 
 
def menu():
    print("Wire2waves WatchCheck.....")
    print("=========================\n")
    print("N : New Record\nD : Delete Last\nS : Stats\nQ : Quit\n")
    choice = input("Command > : ").upper()
    if choice == "N":
        print("New")
        new_record()
        watch_stat()
        menu()
    elif choice == "S":
        print("Stat")
        watch_stat()
        menu()
    elif choice == "D":
        delete_last()
        watch_stat()
        menu()
    elif choice == "Q":
        return
    else:
        print("?")
        menu()
 
 
menu()

original watchcheck.py in python 2

watchcheck.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
 
## a text-terminal version of the WatchCheck app
## to track error, daily error rate of timepieces.
# auto update?
#
import time
import datetime
import json
 
 
 
 
def write_file(text):
    filename = "logfile.txt"
    f = open(filename, 'a+')
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text, "\r\n"))
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
 
 
def get_delta():
 
    print time.strftime("Current Time = %H:%M")
 
    h = time.strftime("%H")
    w = raw_input("Watch time %s:" % (h))
    print w
 
    date = time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d")
    s = date + " " + h +":"+ w +":00"
 
    raw_input("Press enter when seconds = 0 ")
 
    watchtime = time.mktime(datetime.datetime.strptime(s, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S").timetuple())
    record_time = time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
    timenow = time.time()
    delta = watchtime - timenow
 
    return record_time,delta
 
 
def watch_stat():
 
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
 
    if len(error_list) > 1:
        first_record = error_list[0]
        latest_record = error_list[-1]
        previous_record = error_list[-2]
 
        first_time = first_record[0]
 
        first_delta = first_record[1]
 
        latest_time = latest_record[0] 
        latest_delta = latest_record[1]
 
        previous_time = previous_record[0]
        previous_delta = previous_record[1]
 
        FMT = '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S'
 
        t_latest = datetime.datetime.strptime(latest_time, FMT)
        t_previous = datetime.datetime.strptime(previous_time, FMT)
        t_first = datetime.datetime.strptime(first_time, FMT)
 
        tdelta = t_latest - t_previous
        full_delta = t_latest - t_first
 
        elapsed_time = tdelta.total_seconds()
 
        full_time = full_delta.total_seconds()
 
        print "First record time ", first_time
        print "First record delta ", first_delta
        print ""
 
        print "Previous record time ", previous_time
        print "Previous record delta ", previous_delta
        print ""
 
        print "Latest record time " , latest_time
        print "Latest record delta ", latest_delta
        print ""
 
        print "Overall elapsed time ", full_delta
        print "Latest elapsed time ", tdelta
        print ""
 
        # Current Error rate
        time_error = latest_delta - previous_delta
        error_rate = time_error / elapsed_time
        daily_rate = error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_daily = error_rate * 1000000
 
        # Overall Error rate
        total_error = latest_delta - first_delta
        average_error_rate = total_error / full_time
 
        average_rate = average_error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_overall = average_error_rate * 1000000
 
 
        print "Latest delta change ", time_error
 
        print "Latest elapsed time %d seconds " % (elapsed_time)
 
        print ""
        print "Daily PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_daily
        print "Daily rate error: %0.1f s/d " % (daily_rate)
 
        print ""
        print "Total Time %d seconds" % (full_time)
        print "Total error ", total_error
        print "Total PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_overall
        print "Total rate error: %0.1f s/d" % (average_rate)
        print ""
        print "========================================================"
        print " Delta : %+0.1f s | Rate : %+0.1f s/d | Average : %+0.1f s/d" % (latest_delta, daily_rate, average_rate)
        print "========================================================"
        print ""
        text = "\t%+0.1f\t\t%+0.1f\t\t%+0.1f" % (latest_delta, daily_rate, average_rate)
        write_file(text)
    else:
        print "No rate yet"
 
 
def new_record():
 
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
 
    s,delta = get_delta()
 
    print ""
    print "%s \n\nDelta %0.1f seconds" % (s, delta)
    last_data=[s,delta]
    error_list.append(last_data)
    #print error_list
 
    with open('error_list.json', 'wb') as outfile:
        json.dump(error_list, outfile)
 
    return
 
def delete_last():
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
    error_list.pop()
 
    with open('error_list.json', 'wb') as outfile:
        json.dump(error_list, outfile)
 
    return
 
 
def menu():
    print "Wire2waves WatchCheck....."
    print "=========================\n"
    print "N : New Record\nD : Delete Last\nS : Stats\nQ : Quit\n"
    choice = raw_input("Command > : ").upper()
    if choice == "N":
        print "New"
        new_record()
        watch_stat()
        menu()
    elif choice == "S":
        print "Stat"
        watch_stat()
        menu()
    elif choice == "D":
        delete_last()
        watch_stat()
        menu()
    elif choice == "Q":
        return
    else:
        print "?"
        menu()
 
 
menu()

Running it for the first time, with no previous records stored, looks like this:

Wire2waves WatchCheck.....
=========================

N : New Record
D : Delete Last
S : Stats
Q : Quit

Command > : n
New
Current Time = 10:18
Watch time 10:19
19
Press enter when seconds = 0

2022/05/04 10:19:30

Delta -30.2 seconds

and the first time-delta is stored in the error_list.json file like this:

[["2022/05/04 10:19:30", -30.179980039596558]]

Running it again, after only 10 minutes looks like this:

Command > : n
New
Current Time = 10:30
Watch time 10:30
30
Press enter when seconds = 0

2022/05/04 10:30:30

Delta -30.2 seconds
First record time  2022/05/04 10:19:30
First record delta  -30.1799800396

Previous record time  2022/05/04 10:19:30
Previous record delta  -30.1799800396

Latest record time  2022/05/04 10:30:30
Latest record delta  -30.1998269558

Overall elapsed time  0:11:00
Latest elapsed time  0:11:00

Latest delta change  -0.0198469161987
Latest elapsed time 660 seconds

Daily PPM : -30.071
Daily rate error: -2.6 s/d

Total Time 660 seconds
Total error  -0.0198469161987
Total PPM : -30.071
Total rate error: -2.6 s/d

========================================================
 Delta : -30.2 s | Rate : -2.6 s/d | Average : -2.6 s/d
========================================================

The error_list.json file now looks like:

[["2022/05/04 10:19:30", -30.179980039596558], ["2022/05/04 10:30:30", -30.199826955795288]]

There's also a small utility called watchstat.py that reads the error_list.json file to calculate and display the data

original watchstat.py in python 2

watchstat.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
 
## a text-terminal version of the WatchCheck app
## to track error, daily error rate of timepieces.
 
#
import time
import datetime
import json
 
 
 
def watch_stat():
 
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
 
 
 
 
    if len(error_list) > 1:
        first_record = error_list[0]
        latest_record = error_list[-1]
        previous_record = error_list[-2]
 
        first_time = first_record[0]
 
        first_delta = first_record[1]
 
        latest_time = latest_record[0] 
        latest_delta = latest_record[1]
 
        previous_time = previous_record[0]
        previous_delta = previous_record[1]
 
        FMT = '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S'
 
        t_latest = datetime.datetime.strptime(latest_time, FMT)
        t_previous = datetime.datetime.strptime(previous_time, FMT)
        t_first = datetime.datetime.strptime(first_time, FMT)
 
        tdelta = t_latest - t_previous
        full_delta = t_latest - t_first
 
        elapsed_time = tdelta.total_seconds()
 
        full_time = full_delta.total_seconds()
 
        print "First record time ", first_time
        print "First record delta ", first_delta
        print ""
 
        print "Previous record time ", previous_time
        print "Previous record delta ", previous_delta
        print ""
 
        print "Latest record time " , latest_time
        print "Latest record delta ", latest_delta
        print ""
 
        print "Overall elapsed time ", full_delta
        print "Latest elapsed time ", tdelta
        print ""
 
        # Current Error rate
        time_error = latest_delta - previous_delta
        error_rate = time_error / elapsed_time
        daily_rate = error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_daily = error_rate * 1000000
 
        # Overall Error rate
        total_error = latest_delta - first_delta
        average_error_rate = total_error / full_time
 
        average_rate = average_error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_overall = average_error_rate * 1000000
 
 
        print "Latest delta change ", time_error
 
        print "Latest elapsed time %d seconds " % (elapsed_time)
 
        print ""
        print "Daily PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_daily
        print "Daily rate error: %0.1f s/d " % (daily_rate)
 
        print ""
        print "Total Time %d seconds" % (full_time)
        print "Total error ", total_error
        print "Total PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_overall
        print "Total rate error: %0.1f s/d" % (average_rate)
        print ""
        print "========================================================"
        print " Delta : %0.1f s | Rate : %0.1f s/d | Average : %0.1f s/d" % (latest_delta, daily_rate, average_rate)
        print "========================================================"
        print ""
    else:
        print "No rate yet"
 
 
watch_stat()

watchstat.py in python 3

watchstat.py

## a text-terminal version of the WatchCheck app
## to track error, daily error rate of timepieces.
 
#
import time
import datetime
import json
 
 
 
def watch_stat():
 
    try:
        saved_error = open('error_list.json')
        error_list = json.load(saved_error)
    except:
        error_list = []
 
 
 
 
    if len(error_list) > 1:
        first_record = error_list[0]
        latest_record = error_list[-1]
        previous_record = error_list[-2]
 
        first_time = first_record[0]
 
        first_delta = first_record[1]
 
        latest_time = latest_record[0] 
        latest_delta = latest_record[1]
 
        previous_time = previous_record[0]
        previous_delta = previous_record[1]
 
        FMT = '%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S'
 
        t_latest = datetime.datetime.strptime(latest_time, FMT)
        t_previous = datetime.datetime.strptime(previous_time, FMT)
        t_first = datetime.datetime.strptime(first_time, FMT)
 
        tdelta = t_latest - t_previous
        full_delta = t_latest - t_first
 
        elapsed_time = tdelta.total_seconds()
 
        full_time = full_delta.total_seconds()
 
        print("First record time ", first_time)
        print("First record delta ", first_delta)
        print("")
 
        print("Previous record time ", previous_time)
        print("Previous record delta ", previous_delta)
        print("")
 
        print("Latest record time " , latest_time)
        print("Latest record delta ", latest_delta)
        print("")
 
        print("Overall elapsed time ", full_delta)
        print("Latest elapsed time ", tdelta)
        print("")
 
        # Current Error rate
        time_error = latest_delta - previous_delta
        error_rate = time_error / elapsed_time
        daily_rate = error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_daily = error_rate * 1000000
 
        # Overall Error rate
        total_error = latest_delta - first_delta
        average_error_rate = total_error / full_time
 
        average_rate = average_error_rate * (60*60*24)
        ppm_overall = average_error_rate * 1000000
 
 
        print("Latest delta change ", time_error)
 
        print("Latest elapsed time %d seconds " % (elapsed_time))
 
        print("")
        print("Daily PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_daily)
        print("Daily rate error: %0.1f s/d " % (daily_rate))
 
        print("")
        print("Total Time %d seconds" % (full_time))
        print("Total error ", total_error)
        print("Total PPM : %0.3f" % ppm_overall)
        print("Total rate error: %0.1f s/d" % (average_rate))
        print("")
        print("========================================================")
        print(" Delta : %0.1f s | Rate : %0.1f s/d | Average : %0.1f s/d" % (latest_delta, daily_rate, average_rate))
        print("========================================================")
        print("")
    else:
        print("No rate yet")
 
 
watch_stat()

Running watchstat.py on the newly updated error_list.json

gm4slv@laptop:~/watchcheck_damasko $ python watchstat.py
First record time  2022/05/04 10:19:30
First record delta  -30.1799800396

Previous record time  2022/05/04 10:19:30
Previous record delta  -30.1799800396

Latest record time  2022/05/04 10:30:30
Latest record delta  -30.1998269558

Overall elapsed time  0:11:00
Latest elapsed time  0:11:00

Latest delta change  -0.0198469161987
Latest elapsed time 660 seconds

Daily PPM : -30.071
Daily rate error: -2.6 s/d

Total Time 660 seconds
Total error  -0.0198469161987
Total PPM : -30.071
Total rate error: -2.6 s/d

========================================================
 Delta : -30.2 s | Rate : -2.6 s/d | Average : -2.6 s/d
========================================================

watchcheck.py also creates a log file on each run.

04/05/2022 09:30:30     -30.2           -2.6            -2.6

The fields are “date time”, current error, error in seconds per day since last record, average error in seconds per day since the start.

This mimics the behaviour of the Android Watchcheck app

John Pumford-Green Wed May 4 09:09:09 2022

Page Updated : 23/01/26 14:13 GMT

python, watch

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:47:10 +0000

←AllStar Linking

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

New explorations into Allstar and Bridging

This was an initial experiment, I've used what I learned to set up a bigger system (still under development) and described here : Explorations

Hardware

Platform	Rapsberry Pi
Interface	CM108 Soundcard - modified
Radio	FT-1500M
Frequency	144.9125MHz
Allstar Node	48148
Dashboards	http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110/

DVSwitch Bridging

To investigate the bridging of Allstar analogue nodes and DMR I installed DVSwitch on the Allstar node.

Instructions here: ASL to DMR Bridge

The first part is easy, modifying a working Allstar node to add the private node and the USRP channel driver that will be used for the connection to the bridging.

My configs

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf before bridging added

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;
 
[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.
 
;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
48148 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/48148,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default
 
;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[48148]					; Change this to your assigned node number
 
                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza
 
					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device
 
 
duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.
 
linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
 
linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.
 
erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects
 
;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza
 
scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza
 
telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza
 
context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)
 
hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
 
telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;
 
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iGM4SLV				; Main ID message
 
;idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)
 
unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).
 
; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0
 
;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)
 
lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.
 
lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.
 
;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)
 
;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
 
holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
 
telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.
 
telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)
 
beaconing = 0				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)
 
parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command
 
parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received
 
;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option
 
startup_macro = *80*81*70
 
; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory
 
; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these
 
;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)
 
;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message
 
; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
; *** Status Reporting ***
 
; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates
 
[functions]
 
; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions
 
; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions
 
 
; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link
 
70 = ilink,5		; System status
 
;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)
 
; End Mandatory Command Codes
 
73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
 
80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)
 
91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled
 
98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable
 
901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Macro Commands
5 = macro
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands
 
;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down
 
; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:
 
; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Status Commands
 
; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)
 
;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Link Commands
 
; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section
 
;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.
 
;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)
 
; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable
 
; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable
 
; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable
 
; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state
 
; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable
 
; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable
 
; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)
 
 
; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin
 
; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr
 
; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr
 
; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed
 
; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand
 
; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand
 
; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign
 
; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag
 
; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)
 
; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)
 
; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep
 
; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable
 
; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable
 
; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')
 
; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
 
; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)
 
[functions-remote]
 
0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key
 
 
[telemetry]
 
; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
 
ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated
 
ct12 = |me
ct13 = |mR
 
; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1
 
; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.
 
; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.
 
[morse]
speed = 20				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 600				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 2048			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude
 
;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;
 
[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"
 
; Memories for remote bases
 
[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m
 
; Place command macros here
 
[macro]
 
 
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet
 
 
12 = *1424611# ; disc MilNet
22 = *2424611# ; monitor MilNet
32 = *3424611# ; transceive MilNet
 
;13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
;23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
;33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska
 
;14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
;24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
;34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North
 
;191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
;391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo
 
19 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
39 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest
 
 
 
; Data Acquisition configuration
 
;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2
 
;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file
 
;device = daq-cham-1
 
; Device name
 
;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out
 
;[meter-faces]
 
;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?
 
;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation
 
; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time
 
[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.
 
; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]
 
#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf after bridging added

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;
 
[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.
 
;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
 
 
1999 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/1999,NONE
 
48148 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/48148,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default
 
 
 
[1999]
rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:31001 ; Use the USRP channel driver. Must be enabled in modules.conf
 ; 127.0.0.1 = IP of the target application
 ; 34001 = UDP port the target application is listening on
 ; 32001 = UDP port ASL is listening on
duplex = 0 ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time. Ah, but Allison STILL talks!
hangtime = 0 ; squelch tail hang time 0
althangtime = 0 ; longer squelch tail hang time 0
holdofftelem = 1 ; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
 ; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
telemdefault = 0 ; 0 = telemetry output off. Don't send Allison to DMR !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Trust me.
telemdynamic = 0 ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
linktolink = no ; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
 ; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
nounkeyct = 1 ; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
totime = 180000 ; transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
idrecording = |ie ; id recording or morse string see http://ohnosec.org/drupal/node/87
idtalkover = |ie ; Talkover ID (optional) default is none see http://ohnosec.org/drupal/node/129
 
 
 
;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[48148]					; Change this to your assigned node number
 
                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza
 
					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device
 
 
duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.
 
linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
 
linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.
 
erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects
 
;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza
 
scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza
 
telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza
 
context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)
 
hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
 
telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;
 
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iGM4SLV				; Main ID message
 
;idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)
 
unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).
 
; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0
 
;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)
 
lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.
 
lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.
 
;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)
 
;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
 
holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
 
telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.
 
telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)
 
beaconing = 0				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)
 
parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command
 
parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received
 
;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option
 
startup_macro = *80*81*70
 
; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory
 
; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these
 
;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)
 
;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message
 
; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
; *** Status Reporting ***
 
; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates
 
[functions]
 
; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions
 
; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions
 
 
; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link
 
70 = ilink,5		; System status
 
;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)
 
; End Mandatory Command Codes
 
73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
 
80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)
 
91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled
 
98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable
 
901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Macro Commands
5 = macro
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands
 
;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down
 
; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:
 
; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Status Commands
 
; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)
 
;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Link Commands
 
; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section
 
;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.
 
;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)
 
; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable
 
; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable
 
; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable
 
; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state
 
; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable
 
; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable
 
; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)
 
 
; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin
 
; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr
 
; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr
 
; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed
 
; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand
 
; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand
 
; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign
 
; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag
 
; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)
 
; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)
 
; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep
 
; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable
 
; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable
 
; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')
 
; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
 
; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)
 
[functions-remote]
 
0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key
 
 
[telemetry]
 
; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
 
ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated
 
ct12 = |me
ct13 = |mR
 
; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1
 
; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.
 
; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.
 
[morse]
speed = 20				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 600				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 2048			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude
 
;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;
 
[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"
 
; Memories for remote bases
 
[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m
 
; Place command macros here
 
[macro]
 
 
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet
 
 
12 = *1424611# ; disc MilNet
22 = *2424611# ; monitor MilNet
32 = *3424611# ; transceive MilNet
 
;13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
;23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
;33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska
 
;14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
;24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
;34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North
 
;191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
;391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo
 
19 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
39 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest
 
 
 
; Data Acquisition configuration
 
;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2
 
;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file
 
;device = daq-cham-1
 
; Device name
 
;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out
 
;[meter-faces]
 
;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?
 
;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation
 
; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time
 
[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.
 
; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]
 
#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/modules.conf after bridging added

;
; Asterisk configuration file
;
; Module Loader configuration file
;
; By default DIAL does NOT load every module, only what is needed
 
; You can enable or disable any of the asterisk modules
; All modules are compiled and installed.
 
; To enable a module: load => module_name.so
; To disable a module: noload => module_name.so
 
; You will want to enable the channel driver modules you will be using.
; There are below in the Channle Driver section
; The most common Channel drivers for app_rpt are:
; chan_echolink.so   echolink channel driver
; chan_simpleusb.so  Simple USB Radio Interface Channel Drive
; chan_usbradio.so   USB Console Channel Driver
; chan_usrp.so       USRP Channel Module
; chan_voter.so      radio Voter channel driver
 
[modules]
 
autoload=no
 
; Applications
 
noload => app_adsiprog.so ;			Asterisk ADSI Programming Application
noload => app_alarmreceiver.so ;		Alarm Receiver for Asterisk
noload => app_amd.so ;				Answering Machine Detection Application
load => app_authenticate.so ;            	Authentication Application
noload => app_cdr.so ;				Tell Asterisk to not maintain a CDR for
noload => app_chanisavail.so ;			Check channel availability
noload => app_channelredirect.so ;		Channel Redirect
noload => app_chanspy.so ;			Listen to the audio of an active channel
noload => app_controlplayback.so ;		Control Playback Application
noload => app_dahdibarge.so ;			Barge in on channel application
noload => app_dahdiras.so ;			DAHDI RAS Application
noload => app_dahdiscan.so ;			Scan Zap channels application
noload => app_db.so ;				Database Access Functions
load => app_dial.so ;				Dialing Application
noload => app_dictate.so ;			Virtual Dictation Machine
noload => app_directed_pickup.so ;		Directed Call Pickup Application
noload => app_directory.so ;			Extension Directory
noload => app_disa.so ;				DISA (Direct Inward System Access) Appli
noload => app_dumpchan.so ;			Dump Info About The Calling Channel
noload => app_echo.so ;				Simple Echo Application
load => app_exec.so ;				Executes dialplan applications
noload => app_externalivr.so ;			External IVR Interface Application
noload => app_festival.so ;			Simple Festival Interface
noload => app_flash.so ;			Flash channel application
noload => app_followme.so ;			Find-Me/Follow-Me Application
noload => app_forkcdr.so ;			Fork The CDR into 2 separate entities
noload => app_getcpeid.so ;			Get ADSI CPE ID
noload => app_gps.so ;				GPS interface module
noload => app_hasnewvoicemail.so ;		Indicator for whether a voice mailbox ha
noload => app_ices.so ;				Encode and Stream via icecast and ices
noload => app_image.so ;			Image Transmission Application
noload => app_lookupblacklist.so ;		Look up Caller*ID name/number from black
noload => app_lookupcidname.so ;		Look up CallerID Name from local databas
load => app_macro.so ;				Extension Macros
noload => app_meetme.so ;			MeetMe conference bridge
noload => app_milliwatt.so ;			Digital Milliwatt (mu-law) Test Applicat
noload => app_mixmonitor.so ;			Mixed Audio Monitoring Application
noload => app_morsecode.so ;			Morse code
noload => app_mp3.so ;				Silly MP3 Application
noload => app_nbscat.so ;			Silly NBS Stream Application
noload => app_page.so ;				Page Multiple Phones
noload => app_parkandannounce.so ;		Call Parking and Announce Application
load => app_playback.so ;			Sound File Playback Application
noload => app_privacy.so ;			Require phone number to be entered, if n
noload => app_queue.so ;			True Call Queueing
noload => app_radbridge.so ;			Radio Bridging interface module
noload => app_random.so ;			Random goto
noload => app_readfile.so ;			Stores output of file into a variable
noload => app_read.so ;				Read Variable Application
noload => app_realtime.so ;			Realtime Data Lookup/Rewrite
noload => app_record.so ;			Trivial Record Application
load => app_rpt.so ;				Radio Repeater/Remote Base Application
noload => app_sayunixtime.so ;			Say time
noload => app_senddtmf.so ;			Send DTMF digits Application
load => app_sendtext.so ;			Send Text Applications
noload => app_setcallerid.so ;			Set CallerID Application
noload => app_setcdruserfield.so ;		CDR user field apps
noload => app_settransfercapability.so ;	Set ISDN Transfer Capability
noload => app_sms.so ;				SMS/PSTN handler
noload => app_softhangup.so ;			Hangs up the requested channel
noload => app_speech_utils.so ;			Dialplan Speech Applications
noload => app_stack.so ;			Stack Routines
load => app_system.so ;				Generic System() application
noload => app_talkdetect.so ;			Playback with Talk Detection
noload => app_test.so ;				Interface Test Application
load => app_transfer.so ;			Transfer
noload => app_url.so ;				Send URL Applications
noload => app_userevent.so ;			Custom User Event Application
noload => app_verbose.so ;			Send verbose output
noload => app_voicemail.so ;			Comedian Mail (Voicemail System)
noload => app_waitforring.so ;			Waits until first ring after time
noload => app_waitforsilence.so ;		Wait For Silence
noload => app_while.so ;			While Loops and Conditional Execution
noload => app_zapateller.so ;			Block Telemarketers with Special Informa
 
; CDR
 
noload => cdr_csv.so ;				Comma Separated Values CDR Backend
noload => cdr_custom.so ;			Customizable Comma Separated Values CDR
noload => cdr_manager.so ;			Asterisk Manager Interface CDR Backend
 
; Channels
 
noload => chan_agent.so ;			Agent Proxy Channel
noload => chan_alsa.so ;			ALSA Console Channel Driver
noload => chan_beagle.so ;			Beagleboard Radio Interface Channel Driver
load => chan_dahdi.so ;				DAHDI Telephony
load => chan_echolink.so ;			echolink Channel Driver
noload => chan_features.so ;			Feature Proxy Channel
noload => chan_gtalk.so ;			Gtalk Channel Driver
load => chan_iax2.so ;				Inter Asterisk eXchange (Ver 2)
load => chan_local.so ;				Local Proxy Channel (Note: used internal
noload => chan_oss.so ;				Channel driver for OSS sound cards
noload => chan_phone.so ;			Generic Linux Telephony Interface driver
noload => chan_pi.so ;				DMK Engineering "PITA" Board on Rpi2/3 Channel Driver
load => chan_simpleusb.so ;			CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)
noload => chan_sip.so ;				Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
noload => chan_tlb.so ;				TheLinkBox Channel Driver
noload => chan_usbradio.so ;			CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (DSP)
load => chan_usrp.so ;			GNU Radio interface USRP Channel Driver
noload => chan_voter.so ;			Radio Voter Channel Driver
 
; Codecs
 
; CODEC          AUDIO QUALITY   BANDWIDTH (including IP and Ethernet headers)
; ULAW           best            87 kilobits per second (kbps)
; ADPCM          good            55 kbps
; GSM            mediocre        36 kbps
; g726aal2
; ilbc
 
load => codec_adpcm.so ;			Adaptive Differential PCM Coder/Decoder
load => codec_alaw.so ;				A-law Coder/Decoder
load => codec_a_mu.so ;				A-law and Mulaw direct Coder/Decoder
noload => codec_dahdi.so ;			Generic DAHDI Transcoder Codec Translato
load => codec_g726.so ;				ITU G.726-32kbps G726 Transcoder
load => codec_gsm.so ;				GSM Coder/Decoder
load => codec_ulaw.so ;				mu-Law Coder/Decoder
noload => codec_ilbc.so ;			http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec
 
; Formats
 
load => format_g723.so ;			G.723.1 Simple Timestamp File Format
load => format_g726.so ;			Raw G.726 (16/24/32/40kbps) data
load => format_g729.so ;			Raw G729 data
load => format_gsm.so ;				Raw GSM data
load => format_h263.so ;			Raw H.263 data
load => format_h264.so ;			Raw H.264 data
load => format_ilbc.so ;			Raw iLBC data
noload => format_jpeg.so ;			JPEG (Joint Picture Experts Group) Image
load => format_pcm.so ;				Raw/Sun uLaw/ALaw 8KHz (PCM,PCMA,AU), G.
load => format_sln.so ;				Raw Signed Linear Audio support (SLN)
load => format_vox.so ;				Dialogic VOX (ADPCM) File Format
load => format_wav_gsm.so ;			Microsoft WAV format (Proprietary GSM)
load => format_wav.so ;				Microsoft WAV format (8000Hz Signed Line
 
; Functions
 
load => func_base64.so ;			base64 encode/decode dialplan functions
load => func_callerid.so ;			Caller ID related dialplan function
load => func_cdr.so ;				CDR dialplan function
load => func_channel.so ;			Channel information dialplan function
load => func_curl.so ;				Load external URL
load => func_cut.so ;				Cut out information from a string
load => func_db.so ;				Database (astdb) related dialplan functi
load => func_enum.so ;				ENUM related dialplan functions
load => func_env.so ;				Environment/filesystem dialplan function
load => func_global.so ;			Global variable dialplan functions
load => func_groupcount.so ;			Channel group dialplan functions
load => func_language.so ;			Channel language dialplan function
load => func_logic.so ;				Logical dialplan functions
load => func_math.so ;				Mathematical dialplan function
load => func_md5.so ;				MD5 digest dialplan functions
load => func_moh.so ;				Music-on-hold dialplan function
load => func_rand.so ;				Random number dialplan function
load => func_realtime.so ;			Read/Write values from a RealTime reposi
noload => func_sha1.so ;			SHA-1 computation dialplan function
noload => func_strings.so ;			String handling dialplan functions
noload => func_timeout.so ;			Channel timeout dialplan functions
noload => func_uri.so ;				URI encode/decode dialplan functions
 
; PBX
 
noload => pbx_ael.so ;				Asterisk Extension Language Compiler
load => pbx_config.so ;				Text Extension Configuration
noload => pbx_dundi.so ;			Distributed Universal Number Discovery (
noload => pbx_loopback.so ;			Loopback Switch
noload => pbx_realtime.so ;			Realtime Switch
noload => pbx_spool.so ;			Outgoing Spool Support
 
; Resources
 
load => res_adsi.so ;				ADSI Resource
noload => res_agi.so ;				Asterisk Gateway Interface (AGI)
noload => res_clioriginate.so ;			Call origination from the CLI
noload => res_convert.so ;			File format conversion CLI command
load => res_crypto.so ;				Cryptographic Digital Signatures
load => res_features.so ;			Call Features Resource
load => res_indications.so ;			Indications Resource
noload => res_jabber.so ;			AJI - Asterisk Jabber Interface
noload => res_monitor.so ;			Call Monitoring Resource
noload => res_musiconhold.so ;			Music On Hold Resource
load => res_smdi.so ;				Simplified Message Desk Interface (SMDI)
noload => res_snmp.so ;				SNMP [Sub]Agent for Asterisk
noload => res_speech.so ;			Generic Speech Recognition API
 
[global]

/etc/asterisk/extensions.conf after bridging added

[general]
 
static = yes       ; These two lines prevent the command-line interface
writeprotect = yes ; from overwriting the config file. Leave them here.
 
[globals]
HOMENPA = 999 ; change this to your Area Code
NODE = 48148   ; change this to your node number
NODE1 = 1999
 
[default]
 
exten => i,1,Hangup
 
[radio-secure]
exten => ${NODE},1,rpt,${NODE}
exten => ${NODE1},1,rpt,${NODE1}
 
[iaxrpt]                                ; entered from iaxrpt in iax.conf
exten => ${NODE},1,rpt(${NODE}|X)       ; NODE is the Name field in iaxrpt
                                        ; Info: The X option passed to the Rpt application
                                        ; disables the normal security checks.
                                        ; Because incoming connections are validated in iax.conf,
                                        ; and we don't know where the user will be coming from in advance,
                                        ; the X option is required.
 
[iax-client]				; for IAX VIOP clients.				
exten => ${NODE},1,Ringing
exten => ${NODE},n,Wait(3)
exten => ${NODE},n,Answer
exten => ${NODE},n,Set(NODENUM=${CALLERID(number)})
exten => ${NODE},n,Playback(rpt/node|noanswer)
exten => ${NODE},n,SayDigits(${EXTEN})
exten => ${NODE},n,Set(CALLERID(num)=0)
exten => ${NODE},n,Rpt,${NODE}|P|${CALLERID(name)}
exten => ${NODE},n,Hangup
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Answer
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Wait(1)
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Hangup
 
; Comment-out the following clause if you want Allstar Autopatch service
[pstn-out]
exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,1,playback(ss-noservice)
exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,2,Congestion
 
; Un-comment out the following clause if you want Allstar Autopatch service
;[pstn-out]
;exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,1,Dial(IAX2/allstar-autopatch/\${EXTEN})
;exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,2,Busy
 
[invalidnum]
exten = s,1,Wait,3
exten = s,n,Playback,ss-noservice
exten = s,n,Wait,1
exten =  s,n,Hangup
 
[radio]
exten = _X11,1,Goto(check_route|${EXTEN}|1);
exten = _NXXXXXX,1,Goto(check_route|1${HOMENPA}${EXTEN}|1)
exten = _1XXXXXXXXXX,1,Goto(check_route|${EXTEN}|1)
exten = _07XX,1,Goto(parkedcalls|${EXTEN:1}|1)
exten = 00,1,Goto(my-ip|s|1)
 
[check_route]
exten =_X.,1,Noop(${EXTEN})
; no 800
exten = _1800NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1888NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1877NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1866NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1855NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X00 NPA
exten = _1X00XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X11 NPA
exten = _1X11XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X11 
exten = _X11,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no 555 Prefix in any NPA
exten = _1NXX555XXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no 976 Prefix in any NPA
exten = _1NXX976XXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no NPA=809
exten = _1809XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no NPA=900
exten = _1900XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
 
; okay, route it
exten = _1NXXXXXXXXX,2,Goto(pstn-out|${EXTEN:1}|1)
exten = _X.,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
 
[my-ip]
exten = s,1,Set(MYADDR=${CURL(http://myip.vg)})
exten = s,2,Wait,1
exten = s,3,SayAlpha(${MYADDR})
exten = s,4,Hangup
 
[allstar-sys]
exten => _1.,1,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Rrpt/node:NODE:rpt/in-call:digits/0:PARKED|120)
exten => _1.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _2.,1,Ringing
exten => _2.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _2.,n,Answer
exten => _2.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _2.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _2.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|P|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _2.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _3.,1,Ringing
exten => _3.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _3.,n,Answer
exten => _3.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _3.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _3.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Pv|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _3.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _4.,1,Ringing
exten => _4.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _4.,n,Answer
exten => _4.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _4.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _4.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|D|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _4.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _5.,1,Ringing
exten => _5.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _5.,n,Answer
exten => _5.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _5.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _5.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Dv|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _5.,n,Hangup
 
[allstar-public]
 
exten => s,1,Ringing
exten => s,n,Set(RESP=${CURL(https://register.allstarlink.org/cgi-bin/authwebphone.pl?${CALLERID(name)})})
exten => s,n,Set(NODENUM=${CALLERID(number)})
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:1}" = "?"]?hangit)
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:1}" = ""]?hangit)
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:5}" != "OHYES"]?hangit)
exten => s,n,Set(CALLSIGN=${RESP:5})
exten => s,n,Wait(3)
exten => s,n,Playback(rpt/node|noanswer)
exten => s,n,Saydigits(${NODENUM})
exten => s,n,Set(CALLERID(name)=${CALLSIGN})
exten => s,n,Set(CALLERID(num)=0)
exten => s,n,Rpt(${NODENUM}|X)
exten => s,n,Hangup
exten => s,n(hangit),Answer
exten => s,n(hangit),Wait(1)
exten => s,n(hangit),Hangup
 
#includeifexists custom/extensions.conf

The next bit was more tricky on an old Debian Buster ASL Beta image that hadn't been updated/upgraded in a long time….

Installing DVswitch

Installing DVSwitch was a bit convoluted, as my old version of the ASL Beta 2.0.0 wasn't up to date… and needed some work to add necessary APT gpg keys, and adding the dvswitch repository.

apt-get update –allow-releaseinfo-change to accept the release name change

Adding DVSwitch repository keys

As root :

apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 0E98404D386FA1D9
 
apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 6ED0E7B82643E131
 
curl -s http://apt.allstarlink.org/repos/repo_signing.key | apt-key add - && apt update
 
wget http://dvswitch.org/buster
 
chmod +x buster
 
./buster
 
apt-get update
 
apt-get install dvswitch

Configuring DVSwitch

The changes were made to the existing asterisk configs, as per the pdf document, then DVSwitch was installed, and then the pdf document was followed again to make the necessary configs to:

/opt/Analog_Bridge/Analog_Bridge.ini

and

/opt/MMDVM_Bridge/MMDVM_Bridge.ini

everything seemed to work okay - although there I think one of the UDP ports was initially wrong for the USRP traffic in Analog_Bridge.ini and I had to double check by looking in

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf

[1999]
rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:31001

and setting Analog_Bridge.ini to match:

[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1              
txPort = 31001                        
rxPort = 34001

Testing

I initially set the MMDVM_Bridge to connect to Brandmeister and Analog_Bridge to send traffic to TG2354429 (an ad hoc TG with my DMR ID).

in the asterisk CLI issue the command to link the main node 48148 with the internal private node 1999 to complete the bridge:

rpt cmd 2100 ilink 3 1999

transmit on the VHF FM input to the Gateway and listen on a DMR radio via my DMR hotspot connected to Brandmeister TG2354429 and the DMR radio sprang into life with my DMR ID….

transmit on the DMR radio, via the hotspot to Brandmeister and the VHF FM handheld carried the audio from the DMR radio.

I also tried setting MMDVM_Bridge to connect to DVS-Ph F and used the Options=TS2_1=842 to set TG842 as static. Setting Analog_Bridge to use TG 842 and once more the traffic was bi-directional Allstar ↔ DMR

So Far So Good

To boost the audio via the bridge

Analog_Bridge.ini to change from AUDIO_UNITY to AUDIO_USE_GAIN

[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1                     
txPort = 31001                         
rxPort = 34001                       
usrpAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN            
usrpGain = 3                        
;usrpAGC = -20,10,100                 
tlvAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN                
tlvGain = 0.35

I set the various DVSwitch things to be enabled or disabled:

systemctl enable asterisk
systemctl enable analog_bridge
systemctl disable md380-emu
systemctl enable mmdvm_bridge

Later I found the other bridges available (P25, YSF, NXDN etc) were running, but not configured, so I used systemctl to disable them.

Allmon2 / supermon

I added the new node 1999 to allmon2 and supermon, so I can control/monitor the bridging via the web.

/var/www/html/allmon2/allmon.ini.php

[48148]
host=127.0.0.1:5038
user=admin
passwd=xxxx
nomenu=no
hideNodeURL=no
 
 
[1999]
host=127.0.0.1:5038
user=admin
passwd=XXXX
nomenu=no
hideNodeURL=no
 
[Grouped Nodes]
nodes=48148,1999
 
[lsNodes]
url = "/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=48148"
;url = "/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481480"
menu = yes

/var/www/html/supermon/allmon.ini

[48148]
host = 127.0.0.1:5038
user = admin
passwd = XXXX
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
 
[1999]
host = 127.0.0.1:5038
user = admin
passwd = XXXX
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
 
[All Nodes]
nodes = 48148,1999
menu = yes

— John Pumford-Green 03/06/25 17:55 BST

Further Information

radio, allstar, mmdvm, dvswitch

CA65 Setup

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←6502 Project

CA65 Setup

Using CA65 in place of VASM

Support Files

firmware.cfg

MEMORY
{
# Zero page
  ZP: start = $00, size = $100, type = rw, define = yes;
  RAM: start = $200, size = $3dff define=yes;
  ROM:       start=$8000, size=$8000, type=ro, define=yes, fill=yes,   fillval=$00, file=%O;
}

SEGMENTS
{
  ZEROPAGE: load = ZP,             type = zp;
  BSS:        load=RAM,       type=bss, define=yes;
  
  CODE:      load=ROM,       type=ro,  define=yes;
  VECTORS:   load=ROM,       type=ro,  define=yes,   offset=$7ffa, optional=yes;
}

cc65.rules.mk

include /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/tools.mk
 
BUILD_FOLDER=../build
TEMP_FOLDER=$(BUILD_FOLDER)/$(ROM_NAME)
ROM_FILE=$(BUILD_FOLDER)/$(ROM_NAME).bin
MAP_FILE=$(TEMP_FOLDER)/$(ROM_NAME).map
 
ASM_OBJECTS=$(ASM_SOURCES:%.s=$(TEMP_FOLDER)/%.o)
 
# Compile assembler sources
$(TEMP_FOLDER)/%.o: %.s
	@$(MKDIR_BINARY) $(MKDIR_FLAGS) $(TEMP_FOLDER)
	$(CA65_BINARY) $(CA65_FLAGS) -o $@ -l $(@:.o=.lst) $<
 
# Link ROM image
$(ROM_FILE): $(ASM_OBJECTS) $(FIRMWARE_CFG)
	@$(MKDIR_BINARY) $(MKDIR_FLAGS) $(BUILD_FOLDER)
	$(LD65_BINARY) $(LD65_FLAGS) -C $(FIRMWARE_CFG) -o $@ -m $(MAP_FILE) $(ASM_OBJECTS)
 
# Default target
all: $(ROM_FILE)
 
# Build and dump output
test: $(ROM_FILE)
	$(HEXDUMP_BINARY) $(HEXDUMP_FLAGS) $<
	$(MD5_BINARY) $<
 
# Clean build artifacts
clean:
	$(RM_BINARY) -f $(ROM_FILE) \
	$(MAP_FILE) \
	$(ASM_OBJECTS) \
	$(ASM_OBJECTS:%.o=%.lst)

tools.mk

# cc65 utilities used in this example
CA65_BINARY=ca65
CC65_BINARY=cc65
LD65_BINARY=ld65
AR65_BINARY=ar65

VASM_BINARY=vasm6502_oldstyle

CPU_FLAG=--cpu 65C02
ARCH_FLAG=-t none

CC65_FLAGS=$(CPU_FLAG) $(ARCH_FLAG) $(EXTRA_FLAGS) -O
CA65_FLAGS=$(CPU_FLAG) $(EXTRA_FLAGS)
LD65_FLAGS=
AR65_FLAGS=r

VASM_FLAGS=-Fbin -dotdir

# Hexdump is used for "testing" the ROM
HEXDUMP_BINARY=hexdump
HEXDUMP_FLAGS=-C

# Checksum generator
MD5_BINARY=md5sum

# Standard utilities (rm/mkdir)
RM_BINARY=rm
RM_FLAGS=-f
MKDIR_BINARY=mkdir
MKDIR_FLAGS=-p
CP_BINARY=cp
CP_FLAGS=-f

project makefile

CONF_DIR=/home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src

ROM_NAME=monitor_dev

ASM_SOURCES=monitor_dev.s

FIRMWARE_CFG=$(CONF_DIR)/firmware.cfg

include $(CONF_DIR)/cc65.rules.mk

A typical project

monitor_dev.s setup

Put the asm source for the project in a folder (/home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/src/monitor/monitor_dev.s)
Put the makefile in the same folder
put any source files to be included in the assembly process in the includes folder
- /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/src/includes/rtc.inc
- /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/src/includes/ioports.inc
make a build main folder /home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/build/

The general tree:

/home/gm4slv/6502/ca65src/ = base folder for ca65 projects aka $CA65SRC

config files : firmware.cfg, cc65.rules.mk, tools.mk are in $(CA65SRC)
sources directory : src is in $(CA65SRC) → $(CA65SRC)/src
inside sources directory are build, includes and the individual project source directories. $(CA65SRC)/src/build/, $(CA65SRC)/src/includes/ and (eg) $(CA65SRC)/src/monitor/
inside each project source directory are the asm source file eg monitor_dev.s and a specific makefile

To include sources from the includes directory first define the variables, then the includes :

Variables

define zeropage variables:

.zeropage
 
DUMP_POINTER:     .res 2
FLAGS:            .res 1
TOGGLE_TIME:      .res 1
CLOCK_LAST:       .res 1
MESSAGE_POINTER:  .res 2
TICKS:            .res 4
CENTISEC:         .res 1
HUNDRED_HRS:      .res 1
TEN_HRS:          .res 1
HRS:              .res 1
TEN_MINUTES:      .res 1
MINUTES:          .res 1
TEN_SECONDS:      .res 1
SECONDS:          .res 1
MEM_POINTER:      .res 2

and define the other .bss variables:

.bss
 
INKEY:            .res 1
ASCII:            .res 4
BYTE:             .res 2
TENS:             .res 1
HUNDREDS:         .res 1
HEX:              .res 2
HEXB:             .res 2
TEMP:             .res 1
TEMP2:            .res 1

Then the includes

  .include "../includes/ioports.inc"
  .include "../includes/lcd.inc"
  .include "../includes/getkey.inc"
  .include "../includes/functions.inc"
  .include "../includes/rtc.inc"

make sure the include files have appropriate .code directive to put it in the right place when its all assembled together:

e.g. in functions.inc:

 .code
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;          convert a binary number from Accumulator, in range 00000000 -> 11111111 ($00 to $FF)
;;          to its HEX number encode as ASCII -  using a simple lookup table and print it on LCD
;;
bintohex:
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  pla
  and #$0f
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
hexascii: .byte "0123456789ABCDEF"

monitor_dev.s source code

monitor_dev.s

 
.localchar '@'
 
;.SEGMENT "ZEROPAGE"
.zeropage
 
DUMP_POINTER:     .res 2
FLAGS:            .res 1
TOGGLE_TIME:      .res 1
CLOCK_LAST:       .res 1
MESSAGE_POINTER:  .res 2
TICKS:            .res 4
CENTISEC:         .res 1
HUNDRED_HRS:      .res 1
TEN_HRS:          .res 1
HRS:              .res 1
TEN_MINUTES:      .res 1
MINUTES:          .res 1
TEN_SECONDS:      .res 1
SECONDS:          .res 1
MEM_POINTER:      .res 2
 
 
;.SEGMENT "BSS"
.bss
 
INKEY:            .res 1
ASCII:            .res 4
BYTE:             .res 2
TENS:             .res 1
HUNDREDS:         .res 1
HEX:              .res 2
HEXB:             .res 2
TEMP:             .res 1
TEMP2:            .res 1
 
.include "../includes/ioports.inc"
.include "../includes/lcd.inc"
.include "../includes/getkey.inc"
.include "../includes/functions.inc"
.include "../includes/rtc.inc"
 
 
.code
 
 
reset:
  ldx #$ff
  txs
 
  cli      ; interrupts ON
 
  jsr via_1_init ; set-up VIA_1 for LCD/Keypad 
  jsr lcd_init ; set-up 4-bit mode 
  jsr lcd_start ; set-up various features of lcd 
 
init_variables:
  stz TICKS
  stz TICKS + 1
  stz TICKS + 2
  stz TICKS + 3
  stz DUMP_POINTER
  stz DUMP_POINTER + 1
  stz MESSAGE_POINTER
  stz MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  stz TOGGLE_TIME
  stz CLOCK_LAST
  stz CENTISEC
  stz FLAGS
  stz SECONDS
  stz TEN_SECONDS
  stz MINUTES
  stz HRS
  stz TEN_HRS
  stz TEN_MINUTES
  stz HUNDRED_HRS
  stz TEMP
  stz TEMP2
  stz TENS  
  stz MEM_POINTER
  stz MEM_POINTER + 1
 
 
 
;; test then clear RAM between 
;; $0200 - $3FFF - avoids the ZP and STACK areas
 
ram_clear:
  lda #$02            ; start at $0200
  sta MEM_POINTER + 1
  ldy #$00
loop_ram:
  lda #$AA
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  lda #$FF
  lda (MEM_POINTER),y
  cmp #$AA
  bne mem_fail_1
  lda #$55
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  lda #$FF
  lda (MEM_POINTER),y
  cmp #$55
  bne mem_fail_2
  lda #$00
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  iny
  beq next_page
  jmp loop_ram
next_page:
  lda MEM_POINTER + 1
  inc
  cmp #$40
  beq done_ram
  sta MEM_POINTER + 1
  jmp loop_ram
 
 
done_ram:
 
  lda #<mem_pass_msg
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_pass_msg
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print 
  smb5 FLAGS
  jmp loop
 
mem_fail_1:
  lda #<mem_fail_msg_1
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_fail_msg_1
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  jmp loop
 
mem_fail_2:
  lda #<mem_fail_msg_2
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_fail_msg_2
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  jmp loop
 
 
 
; go straight to MONITOR at startup
;  lda #<splash
;  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
;  lda #>splash
;  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
;  jsr new_address
 
; main loop
loop:
  wai
  jsr check_flags
  jmp loop
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;; FUNCTIONS ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;
 
check_flags:
  bbs0 FLAGS, update_block_address
  bbs5 FLAGS, clock_time
  ; check other flags... other actions....
  rts
 
update_block_address:
  sec
  lda TICKS
  sbc TOGGLE_TIME
  cmp #$32
  bcc exit_update_block
  jsr block_address
  lda TICKS
  sta TOGGLE_TIME
 
exit_update_block:
  rts
 
 
clock_time:
 
  sec
  lda TICKS
  sbc CLOCK_LAST
  cmp #$32
  bcc exit_clock
 
  jsr lcd_cursor_off
 
  jsr lcd_home
 
  lda HUNDRED_HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda TEN_HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #':'
  jsr print_char
  lda TEN_MINUTES
  jsr bintoascii
  lda MINUTES
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #':'
  jsr print_char
  lda TEN_SECONDS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda SECONDS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
  lda TICKS
  sta CLOCK_LAST
exit_clock:
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      update screen when new memory location is selected
;;
;;
new_address:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
 
  jsr lcd_cursor_on
 
 
print_address:
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr bintohex
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  jsr bintohex
 
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
 
print_data:
 
  ldy #$00
 
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr bintohex
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr print_char
 
message_end:
  jsr print   ; add second line (cursor) after re-writing the top line
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; display 8 bytes of data for a "block" of memory
;;
;;
block_address:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
 
  ldy #$00
 
print_block_address:
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr bintohex
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  jsr bintohex
 
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
print_block:
 
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr bintohex
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  iny
  cpy #$08
  bne print_block
 
 
block_message_end:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; re-draw line 2 cursor
;;
;;
print:
 
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
  ldy #0
line1:
  lda (MESSAGE_POINTER),y
  beq end_print
  jsr print_char
  iny
  jmp line1
 
end_print:
 
  rts
 
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - decrement the selected address 
;;
;;
decrement_address:
 
  sec
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  sbc #$01
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sbc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
dec_ok:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - increment the selected address 
;;
;;
 
increment_address:
 
  clc
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  adc #$01
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  bcc inc_ok
  inc DUMP_POINTER + 1
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
inc_ok:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - increment the selected block of  addresses by 8 
;;
;;
 
increment_block:
  clc
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  adc #$08
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  adc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - decrement the selected block of  addresses by 8 
;;
;;
 
decrement_block:
 
  sec
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  sbc #$08
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sbc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;          use last 4 entered ASCII characters from the keypad and convert 
;;          them to TWO 8-bit binary bytes in RAM
;;
;;
ascii_byte:
 
  lda ASCII + 1
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  clc
  asl
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta BYTE
 
  lda ASCII
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  ora BYTE
  sta BYTE
 
  lda ASCII + 3
  jsr ascii_bin
  clc
  asl
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta BYTE + 1
 
  lda ASCII + 2
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  ora BYTE + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    toggle the display/update of Clock on each appropriate keypress
;;
show_clock:
 
  bbs5 FLAGS, reset_bit5
  smb5 FLAGS
  jmp exit_show_clock
 
reset_bit5:
 
  rmb5 FLAGS
 
exit_show_clock:
 
  rts
  ;jmp debounce
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    toggle the automatic update view of the "8-byte memory block"
;;
show_block:
 
  bbs0 FLAGS, reset_bit0
  smb0 FLAGS
  jmp exit_show_block
 
reset_bit0:
 
  rmb0 FLAGS
 
exit_show_block:
 
  rts
  ;jmp debounce
 
;debounce:
;  ldx #$ff
;  ldy #$ff
;delay:
;  nop
;  dex
;  bne delay
;  dey
;  bne delay
;  rts  
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; INTERRUPT HANDLERS ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      CB1 : reset & restart timer
;;
 
cb1_handler:
  stz HUNDRED_HRS
  stz TEN_HRS
  stz TEN_MINUTES
  stz TEN_SECONDS
  stz HRS
  stz MINUTES
  stz SECONDS
 
  smb5 FLAGS
 
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;     CB2 : lap-time pause timer
;;
 
cb2_handler:
  jsr show_clock
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;                    MONITOR / KEYPAD 
;;
;;
 
keypad_handler:
 
  jsr get_key     ; READs from PORTA which also re-sets VIA's Interrupt flag
  sta INKEY       ; put the ASCII value of input into RAM ( $00 ) 
 
  lda PORTB_1       ; check for SHIFT/INSTRUCTION button
  and #%10000000
  beq check_keypress ; done this way to get around the limit in size of branch jumps....
  jmp handle_new_char
 
check_keypress:
  lda INKEY       
 
; choose action of "SHIFTed" key-press
check_a:
  cmp #'A'
  ; move up one memory address and display contents
  bne check_b     
  jsr increment_address
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_b:
  cmp #'B'
  ; move down one memory address and display contents
  bne check_c
  jsr decrement_address
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_c:
  cmp #'C'
  ; return to MONITOR
  bne check_d
  rmb5 FLAGS
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda #<splash
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>splash
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
 
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_d:
  cmp #'D'
  ; move monitor to entered 4-digit memory address
  bne check_e
  lda BYTE
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr new_address
  jsr print
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_e:
  cmp #'E'
  ; insert (POKE) byte of data in to current memory address, then increment to next address
  bne check_f
  lda BYTE
  ldy #$00
  sta (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr increment_address
  jsr new_address
  jsr print
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_f:
  cmp #'F'
  ; show 8-byte wide block of memory
  bne check_1
  ldy #$00
  lda BYTE
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_1:
  cmp #'1'
  ; show/auto-update clock
  bne check_3
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda #<emt
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>emt
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  smb5 FLAGS
 
  ;jsr show_clock
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_3:
  cmp #'3'
  bne check_6
  ldy #$00
  jsr increment_block
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_6:
  cmp #'6'
  bne check_9
  ldy #$00
  jsr decrement_block
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_9:
  cmp #'9'
  bne check_4
  jsr show_block
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_4:
  cmp #'4'
  bne check_5
  lda BYTE
  sta HEXB
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta HEXB + 1
  jsr byte_to_hex
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_5:
  cmp #'5'
  bne exit_key_irq
  jsr $3F00
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
 
handle_new_char:
  lda ASCII + 2
  sta ASCII + 3
  lda ASCII + 1
  sta ASCII + 2
  lda ASCII
  sta ASCII + 1
  lda INKEY       ; get the new ASCII keypress value and... 
  sta ASCII
  jsr print_char  ; and print it on LCD
 
  jsr ascii_byte  ; convert the rolling 4-byte ASCII character data into two binary bytes
 
exit_key_irq:
 
 
  jsr scan  ; re-enable keypad
 
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
nmi:
  rti
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    interrupt is triggered by HIGH edge on VIA CA1 pin
;;     PORTA low nibble (keypad columns) inputs are diode ORed to CA1
;;
 
irq:
; put registers on the stack while handling the IRQ
  pha
  phx
  phy
 
;  find responsible hardware
 
;  Is it VIA_1?
 
  lda IFR_1   ; if IFR_1 has Bit7 set (ie sign=NEGATIVE) then it IS the source of the interrupt
  bpl next_device ; if it's not set (ie sign=POSITIVE) then branch to test the next possible device
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; IFR Flags
;; B7  B6  B5  B4  B3  B2  B1  B0
;; IRQ TI1 TI2 CB1 CB2 SR CA1 CA2
;;
;; Interrupt source is found by sequentially shifting IFR bit left to put bit-of-interest into the CARRY place
;; and then branching based on whether CARRY is SET or not
;;
;; Only add tests for IRQ sources in use, and adjust the ASLs in each test as necessary
;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
test_timer1:
  asl           ; shift IFR left twice puts the TI1 bit into CARRY....
  asl
  bcc test_cb1  ; carry clear = next test
  bit T1CL_1      ; clear not clear = handle the TIMER interrupt
  jsr rtc
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_cb1:
  asl
  asl
  bcc test_cb2
  bit PORTB_1
  jsr cb1_handler
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_cb2:
  asl
  bcc test_ca1
  bit PORTB_1
  jsr cb2_handler
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_ca1:
  asl           ; shift CA1 bit into the CARRY bit & test
  asl
  bcc exit_irq        ; carry clear = leave
  jsr keypad_handler  ; carry not clear = handle the CA1 interrupt (keypad)
  jmp exit_irq
 
 
next_device:
 
exit_irq:
  ply
  plx
  pla
 
 
  rti
 
emt: .asciiz "hhh mm ss  MET"
splash: .asciiz "cmon> "
error_message: .asciiz "Not Decimal"
mem_pass_msg: .asciiz "RAM Test Pass"
mem_fail_msg_1: .asciiz "RAM Test 1 Fail"
mem_fail_msg_2: .asciiz "RAM Test 2 Fail"
 
; Reset/IRQ vectors
 
.segment "VECTORS"
 
 
  .word nmi
  .word reset
  .word irq

ioports.inc

  .code
 
; VIA_1 Port addresses
VIA_1     = $6000
PORTB_1   = VIA_1
PORTA_1   = VIA_1 + 1
DDRB_1    = VIA_1 + 2
DDRA_1    = VIA_1 + 3
T1CL_1    = VIA_1 + 4
T1CH_1    = VIA_1 + 5
T1LL_1    = VIA_1 + 6
T1LH_1    = VIA_1 + 7
T2CL_1    = VIA_1 + 8
T2CH_1    = VIA_1 + 9
SR_1      = VIA_1 + 10
ACR_1     = VIA_1 + 11
PCR_1     = VIA_1 + 12
IFR_1     = VIA_1 + 13
IER_1     = VIA_1 + 14
PORTA_NO_HS_1 = VIA_1 + 15
 
; VIA_2 Port addresses
VIA_2     = $5000
PORTB_2   = VIA_2
PORTA_2   = VIA_2 + 1
DDRB_2    = VIA_2 + 2
DDRA_2    = VIA_2 + 3
T1CL_2    = VIA_2 + 4
T1CH_2    = VIA_2 + 5
T1LL_2    = VIA_2 + 6
T1LH_2    = VIA_2 + 7
T2CL_2    = VIA_2 + 8
T2CH_2    = VIA_2 + 9
SR_2      = VIA_2 + 10
ACR_2     = VIA_2 + 11
PCR_2     = VIA_2 + 12
IFR_2     = VIA_2 + 13
IER_2     = VIA_2 + 14
PORTA_NO_HS_2 = VIA_2 + 15
 
; VIA_3 Port addresses
VIA_3     = $4800
PORTB_3   = VIA_3
PORTA_3   = VIA_3 + 1
DDRB_3    = VIA_3 + 2
DDRA_3    = VIA_3 + 3
T1CL_3    = VIA_3 + 4
T1CH_3    = VIA_3 + 5
T1LL_3    = VIA_3 + 6
T1LH_3    = VIA_3 + 7
T2CL_3    = VIA_3 + 8
T2CH_3    = VIA_3 + 9
SR_3      = VIA_3 + 10
ACR_3     = VIA_3 + 11
PCR_3     = VIA_3 + 12
IFR_3     = VIA_3 + 13
IER_3     = VIA_3 + 14
PORTA_NO_HS_3 = VIA_3 + 15
 
; ACIA_1 Port Addresses
ACIA_1    = $4400
S_TXRX_1  = ACIA_1      ; TXD / RXD
S_STA_1   = ACIA_1 + 1  ; Status
S_COM_1   = ACIA_1 + 2  ; Command
S_CON_1   = ACIA_1 + 3  ; Control
 
 
via_1_init:
 
  lda #%01000000
  sta ACR_1
  lda #$0E
  sta T1CL_1
  lda #$27
  sta T1CH_1
 
  lda #%11011010  ; T1, CA1 active
  sta IER_1
 
  lda #$01  ;  CA1 active high-transition 
  sta PCR_1
 
  lda #%01111111 ; Set all pins on port B to output except BIT 7 which is used for "SHIFT/INSTRUCTION"  button
  sta DDRB_1
  lda #%11110000 ; Set low-nibble pins on port A to input and high-nibble pins to output, for keypad
  sta DDRA_1
 
  rts

lcd.inc

 
 
  .code
 
; LCD Command masks
E  = %01000000
RW = %00100000
RS = %00010000
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;
;;                              LCD Functions 
;;
;;
;;
 
lcd_start:
  lda #%00101000 ; Set 4-bit mode; 2-line display; 5x8 font
  jsr lcd_instruction
  jsr lcd_entry_mode
  jsr lcd_cursor_off
  jsr lcd_clear
  rts
 
lcd_entry_mode:
  lda #%00000110 ; Increment and shift cursor; don't shift display
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_home:
  lda #%00000010 ; cursor HOME
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_clear:
  lda #%00000001 ; Clear display
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_cursor_off:
  lda #%00001100 ; Display on; cursor off; blink off
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_cursor_on:
  lda #%00001111 ; Display on; cursor on; blink on
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_line_2:
  lda #%10101001
  jsr lcd_instruction
  rts
 
lcd_wait:
  pha
  lda #%01110000  ; LCD data is input (don't change MSB BIT7, it has to stay ZERO for SHIFT Button input)
  sta DDRB_1
lcdbusy:
  lda #RW
  sta PORTB_1
  lda #(RW | E)
  sta PORTB_1
  lda PORTB_1     ; Read high nibble
  pha             ; and put on stack since it has the busy flag
  lda #RW
  sta PORTB_1
  lda #(RW | E)
  sta PORTB_1
  lda PORTB_1       ; Read low nibble
  pla             ; Get high nibble off stack
  and #%00001000
  bne lcdbusy
 
  lda #RW
  sta PORTB_1
  lda #%01111111  ; LCD data is output (don't change MSB BIT7, it has to stay ZERO for SHIFT Buttion input)
  sta DDRB_1
  pla
  rts
 
lcd_init:
  lda #%00000010 ; Set 4-bit mode : DO ONCE AT POWER UP
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E
  sta PORTB_1
  and #%00001111
  sta PORTB_1
  rts
 
lcd_instruction:
  jsr lcd_wait
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr            ; Send high 4 bits
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E         ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E         ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  pla
  and #%00001111 ; Send low 4 bits
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E         ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E         ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;   
;;        PRINT Characters on LCD - an ASCII value in Accumulator 
;;        is printed on the display
;;
 
print_char:
  jsr lcd_wait
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr             ; Send high 4 bits
  ora #RS         ; Set RS
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E          ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E          ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  pla
  and #%00001111  ; Send low 4 bits
  ora #RS         ; Set RS
  sta PORTB_1
  ora #E          ; Set E bit to send instruction
  sta PORTB_1
  eor #E          ; Clear E bit
  sta PORTB_1
  rts

getkey.inc

 
  .code
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;
;;      READ THE 4x4 keypad using  VIA_1 PORTA 
;;
;;      Accumulator holds the ASCII value of the pressed key when it returns
;;
 
get_key:
readKeypad:
  ldx #$04        ; Row 4 - counting down
  ldy #%10000000  ;
ScanRow:
  sty PORTA_1
  lda PORTA_1
  and #%00001111  ; mask off keypad input - only low 4 (keypad column) bits are read
  cmp #$00
  bne Row_Found   ; non-zero means a row output has been connected via a switch to a column input
  dex             ; zero means it hasn't been found, so check next row down
  tya
  lsr
  tay
  cmp #%00001000
  bne ScanRow
  lda #$ff
  rts
Row_Found:
  stx TEMP ; store row
  ldy #$ff
FindCol:
  iny
  lsr
  bcc FindCol
  tya
  asl
  asl  ; col * 4
  clc
  adc TEMP ; add row 
  tax
  lda keypad_array,x
  rts
 
 
keypad_array: .byte "?DCBAF9630852E741"
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;  set ROW keypad outputs high as a source for triggering interrupt when a key is pressed
;;
;;
scan:
  ldy #%11110000
  sty PORTA_1
  rts

functions.inc

 
;.zeropage
;MESSAGE_POINTER = $20
;
;  .org $8000
  .code
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;          convert a binary number from Accumulator, in range 00000000 -> 11111111 ($00 to $FF)
;;          to its HEX number encode as ASCII -  using a simple lookup table and print it on LCD
;;
bintohex:
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  pla
  and #$0f
  tax
  lda hexascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
hexascii: .byte "0123456789ABCDEF"
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    convert a binary (hex) value in Accumulator into
;;    its ASCII equivalent character in decimal 0-99 and print it
;;    this converts hex/binary numbers from the RTC into human readable
;;    decimal for display on clock
 
 
bintoascii:
 
  cmp #10
  bmi single_figure
  asl
  tax
  lda binascii,x
  jsr print_char
 
  inx
 
  lda binascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
single_figure:
  asl
  tax
  inx
  lda binascii,x
  jsr print_char
  rts
 
 
binascii: .byte "00010203040506070809"
          .byte "10111213141516171819"
          .byte "20212223242526272829"
          .byte "30313233343536373839"
          .byte "40414243444546474849"
          .byte "50515253545556575859"
          .byte "60616263646566676869"
          .byte "70717273747576777879"
          .byte "80818283848586878889"
          .byte "90919293949596979899"
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Convert a decimal number entered at keypad into its
;;      HEX equivalent and display
;;
 
byte_to_hex:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda HEXB + 1
  and #$0f
  jsr bintohex
  lda HEXB
  jsr bintohex
  lda #'d'
  jsr print_char
  lda #'='
  jsr print_char
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
 
  lda HEXB ; lo byte
  pha
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  lsr
  cmp #10
  bpl error
  jsr mult10
  sta TENS
  pla
  and #%00001111 ; UNITS
  cmp #10
  bpl print_error
;  jsr mult10
  clc
  adc TENS
  sta HEX
 
  lda HEXB + 1 ; hi byte
  and #%00001111
  cmp #10
  bpl print_error
  jsr mult10
  jsr mult10 ; hundreds
  adc HEX
 
  jsr bintohex
  jmp exit_byte_to_hex
 
error:
  pla
print_error:
  lda #<error_message
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>error_message
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  ;jsr lcd_cursor_off
  rts
 
exit_byte_to_hex:
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;  (A * 8) + (A * 2) = A * 10 
 
mult10:
  pha
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta TEMP2 ; A*8
  pla
  asl      ; A*2
  adc TEMP2 ; A*10
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; Convert the encoded ASCII character representing a hex digit to its actual binary value.
;;
;; e.g. Letter "A" in ASCII is $41 (0100001) but its "numerical" value as a hex digit is 
;; 10 ($0A = 10d = %00001010). 
;; 
;; We convert "A" in ASCII ($41) to a byte of numerical value 10 by subtracting $37
;; $41 - $37 = $0A (in decimal 65 - 55 = 10) and the result is a byte 00001010
;; The same is done for all characters representing upper case letters.
;;
;; Numbers are handled differently according to their place on the ASCII table.
;;
;; The ASCII representation of "9" is $39 (00111001) and to get a byte with a value of 9 we can simply
;; AND it with a mask of 00001111 to save only the lower 4 bits.
;;
 
ascii_bin:
  clc
  cmp #$41
  bmi ascii_bin_num   ; a CMP with $41, from a number character ($30 - $39), will set the negative flag
                      ; and the conversion is done by ANDing with $0F
 
ascii_bin_letter:    ; otherwise treat as a letter (A -> F) and the conversion is done by
  clc                ; subtracting $37
  sec
  sbc #$37
  jmp end_ascii_bin
 
ascii_bin_num:
  and #%00001111
 
end_ascii_bin:      ; Accumulator holds the numerical version of the ASCII character supplied
  rts

rtc.inc

 
 
 
 
  .code
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;                          RTC / Jiffy Tick
;;
 
 
 
rtc:
 
 
;;  RTC stores ticks at 10ms intervals into a 4-byte (32 bit) value
;;
;;  as each byte rolls over the next one is incremented
;;  on a tick that doesn't roll over the TIME OF DAY 
;;  is updated
 
  inc TICKS
  bne inc_MET
  inc TICKS + 1
  bne inc_MET
  inc TICKS + 2
  bne inc_MET
  inc TICKS + 3
 
;;
;;  Every time it's called we increment the "hundredths of a second" byte
;;
;;  When there's been 100 x 10ms (i.e. 1 second) we increment the seconds
;;
;;  When SECONDS reaches 60 we increment MINUTES and reset SECONDS to zero...
;;  etc... for HOURS, DAYS etc.
;;
;;  days/months years are handled too - although probably moot
;;
;;  this routine comes from http://wilsonminesco.com/6502interrupts/#2.1
;;
inc_MET:
  inc CENTISEC
  lda CENTISEC
  cmp #100
  bmi end_MET
  stz CENTISEC
 
  inc SECONDS
  lda SECONDS
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz SECONDS
  inc TEN_SECONDS
 
  lda TEN_SECONDS
  cmp #6
  bmi end_MET
  stz TEN_SECONDS
 
  inc MINUTES
  lda MINUTES
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz MINUTES
 
  inc TEN_MINUTES
  lda TEN_MINUTES
  cmp #6
  bmi end_MET
  stz TEN_MINUTES
 
  inc HRS
  lda HRS
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz HRS
 
  inc TEN_HRS
  lda TEN_HRS
  cmp #10
  bmi end_MET
  stz TEN_HRS
 
  inc HUNDRED_HRS
 
end_MET:
  rts

— John Pumford-Green 05/09/22 14:23

Further Information

Monitor

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 07:50:09 +0000

←6502 Project

Monitor

My first attempts at a Monitor program

Features

RAM is tested at power-up- writing and checking with 2 different bit patterns, then zeroing RAM if successful (avoiding ZeroPage and Stack areas)
display a “Mission Elapsed Time” counter and reset to zero with a button press
step forward and backward through memory locations
display hex data and its ASCII equivalent for each memory location (PEEK)
enter a 2-digit hex value and write it into the currently selected memory location (POKE)
enter a 4-digit hex value and move to that chosen memory address
display an 8-byte block of memory data on one line, starting at the currently selected address
display an 8-byte block of memory data and have it auto-refresh at 1 second intervals
move to a pre-determined address ($3F00) in memory and begin executing code from that point
- this allows machine code to be entered directly from $3F00 onwards and then executed. It's cumbersome, but makes the machine programmable!

Data/addresses are entered on the keypad. Commands are entered by pressing the “SHIFT/INSTRUCT” button at the same time as one of the pre-set instructions.

`Shift`+`1` `MET CLOCK`	2	`Shift`+`3` `BLOCK UP`	`Shift`+`A` `UP`
`Shift`+`4` `dec→hex`	`Shift`+`5` `GO`	`Shift`+`6` `BLOCK DOWN`	`Shift`+`B` `DOWN`
7	8	`Shift`+`9` `auto-update Block view`	`Shift`+`C` `CLS`
`Shift`+`E` `POKE`	0	`Shift`+`F` `BLOCK`	`Shift`+`D` `PEEK`

Shift+1 = MET Clock
Shift+2
Shift+3 = Display the next 8-byte block up - aka “page Up”
Shift+A = Memory selected = UP one
Shift+4 = Convert an entered decimal number to its HEX equivalent
Shift+5 = GO! (jsr $3F00)
Shift+6 = Display the next 8-byte block down - aka “page Down”
Shift+B = Memory selected = DOWN one
Shift+7
Shift+8
Shift+9 = Update 8-byte block view at 1-second intervals
Shift+C = Clear Screen
Shift+E = Enter data byte into selected memory address - aka POKE
Shift+0
Shift+F = Display an 8-byte block of data, starting from current memory address
Shift+D = move to the new memory location provided in last 4 digits entered

monitor_dev.s

 
.localchar '@'
 
;.SEGMENT "ZEROPAGE"
.zeropage
 
DUMP_POINTER:     .res 2
FLAGS:            .res 1
TOGGLE_TIME:      .res 1
CLOCK_LAST:       .res 1
MESSAGE_POINTER:  .res 2
TICKS:            .res 4
CENTISEC:         .res 1
HUNDRED_HRS:      .res 1
TEN_HRS:          .res 1
HRS:              .res 1
TEN_MINUTES:      .res 1
MINUTES:          .res 1
TEN_SECONDS:      .res 1
SECONDS:          .res 1
MEM_POINTER:      .res 2
 
 
;.SEGMENT "BSS"
.bss
 
INKEY:            .res 1
ASCII:            .res 4
BYTE:             .res 2
TENS:             .res 1
HUNDREDS:         .res 1
HEX:              .res 2
HEXB:             .res 2
TEMP:             .res 1
TEMP2:            .res 1
 
.include "../includes/ioports.inc"
.include "../includes/lcd.inc"
.include "../includes/getkey.inc"
.include "../includes/functions.inc"
.include "../includes/rtc.inc"
 
 
.code
 
 
reset:
  ldx #$ff
  txs
 
  cli      ; interrupts ON
 
  jsr via_1_init ; set-up VIA_1 for LCD/Keypad 
  jsr lcd_init ; set-up 4-bit mode 
  jsr lcd_start ; set-up various features of lcd 
 
init_variables:
  stz TICKS
  stz TICKS + 1
  stz TICKS + 2
  stz TICKS + 3
  stz DUMP_POINTER
  stz DUMP_POINTER + 1
  stz MESSAGE_POINTER
  stz MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  stz TOGGLE_TIME
  stz CLOCK_LAST
  stz CENTISEC
  stz FLAGS
  stz SECONDS
  stz TEN_SECONDS
  stz MINUTES
  stz HRS
  stz TEN_HRS
  stz TEN_MINUTES
  stz HUNDRED_HRS
  stz TEMP
  stz TEMP2
  stz TENS  
  stz MEM_POINTER
  stz MEM_POINTER + 1
 
 
 
;; test then clear RAM between 
;; $0200 - $3FFF - avoids the ZP and STACK areas
 
ram_clear:
  lda #$02            ; start at $0200
  sta MEM_POINTER + 1
  ldy #$00
loop_ram:
  lda #$AA
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  lda #$FF
  lda (MEM_POINTER),y
  cmp #$AA
  bne mem_fail_1
  lda #$55
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  lda #$FF
  lda (MEM_POINTER),y
  cmp #$55
  bne mem_fail_2
  lda #$00
  sta (MEM_POINTER),y
  iny
  beq next_page
  jmp loop_ram
next_page:
  lda MEM_POINTER + 1
  inc
  cmp #$40
  beq done_ram
  sta MEM_POINTER + 1
  jmp loop_ram
 
 
done_ram:
 
  lda #<mem_pass_msg
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_pass_msg
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print 
  smb5 FLAGS
  jmp loop
 
mem_fail_1:
  lda #<mem_fail_msg_1
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_fail_msg_1
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  jmp loop
 
mem_fail_2:
  lda #<mem_fail_msg_2
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>mem_fail_msg_2
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  jmp loop
 
 
 
; go straight to MONITOR at startup
;  lda #<splash
;  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
;  lda #>splash
;  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
;  jsr new_address
 
; main loop
loop:
  wai
  jsr check_flags
  jmp loop
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;; FUNCTIONS ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;
 
check_flags:
  bbs0 FLAGS, update_block_address
  bbs5 FLAGS, clock_time
  ; check other flags... other actions....
  rts
 
update_block_address:
  sec
  lda TICKS
  sbc TOGGLE_TIME
  cmp #$32
  bcc exit_update_block
  jsr block_address
  lda TICKS
  sta TOGGLE_TIME
 
exit_update_block:
  rts
 
 
clock_time:
 
  sec
  lda TICKS
  sbc CLOCK_LAST
  cmp #$32
  bcc exit_clock
 
  jsr lcd_cursor_off
 
  jsr lcd_home
 
  lda HUNDRED_HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda TEN_HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda HRS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #':'
  jsr print_char
  lda TEN_MINUTES
  jsr bintoascii
  lda MINUTES
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #':'
  jsr print_char
  lda TEN_SECONDS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda SECONDS
  jsr bintoascii
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
  lda TICKS
  sta CLOCK_LAST
exit_clock:
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      update screen when new memory location is selected
;;
;;
new_address:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
 
  jsr lcd_cursor_on
 
 
print_address:
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr bintohex
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  jsr bintohex
 
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
 
print_data:
 
  ldy #$00
 
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr bintohex
  lda #' '
  jsr print_char
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr print_char
 
message_end:
  jsr print   ; add second line (cursor) after re-writing the top line
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; display 8 bytes of data for a "block" of memory
;;
;;
block_address:
 
  jsr lcd_clear
 
  ldy #$00
 
print_block_address:
  lda #'$'
  jsr print_char
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr bintohex
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  jsr bintohex
 
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
print_block:
 
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr bintohex
  lda (DUMP_POINTER),y
  iny
  cpy #$08
  bne print_block
 
 
block_message_end:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; re-draw line 2 cursor
;;
;;
print:
 
  jsr lcd_line_2
 
  ldy #0
line1:
  lda (MESSAGE_POINTER),y
  beq end_print
  jsr print_char
  iny
  jmp line1
 
end_print:
 
  rts
 
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - decrement the selected address 
;;
;;
decrement_address:
 
  sec
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  sbc #$01
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sbc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
dec_ok:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - increment the selected address 
;;
;;
 
increment_address:
 
  clc
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  adc #$01
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  bcc inc_ok
  inc DUMP_POINTER + 1
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
inc_ok:
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - increment the selected block of  addresses by 8 
;;
;;
 
increment_block:
  clc
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  adc #$08
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  adc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      Monitor function - decrement the selected block of  addresses by 8 
;;
;;
 
decrement_block:
 
  sec
  lda DUMP_POINTER
  sbc #$08
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  sta BYTE
  lda DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sbc #$00
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;          use last 4 entered ASCII characters from the keypad and convert 
;;          them to TWO 8-bit binary bytes in RAM
;;
;;
ascii_byte:
 
  lda ASCII + 1
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  clc
  asl
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta BYTE
 
  lda ASCII
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  ora BYTE
  sta BYTE
 
  lda ASCII + 3
  jsr ascii_bin
  clc
  asl
  asl
  asl
  asl
  sta BYTE + 1
 
  lda ASCII + 2
 
  jsr ascii_bin
  ora BYTE + 1
  sta BYTE + 1
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    toggle the display/update of Clock on each appropriate keypress
;;
show_clock:
 
  bbs5 FLAGS, reset_bit5
  smb5 FLAGS
  jmp exit_show_clock
 
reset_bit5:
 
  rmb5 FLAGS
 
exit_show_clock:
 
  rts
  ;jmp debounce
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    toggle the automatic update view of the "8-byte memory block"
;;
show_block:
 
  bbs0 FLAGS, reset_bit0
  smb0 FLAGS
  jmp exit_show_block
 
reset_bit0:
 
  rmb0 FLAGS
 
exit_show_block:
 
  rts
  ;jmp debounce
 
;debounce:
;  ldx #$ff
;  ldy #$ff
;delay:
;  nop
;  dex
;  bne delay
;  dey
;  bne delay
;  rts  
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; INTERRUPT HANDLERS ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;      CB1 : reset & restart timer
;;
 
cb1_handler:
  stz HUNDRED_HRS
  stz TEN_HRS
  stz TEN_MINUTES
  stz TEN_SECONDS
  stz HRS
  stz MINUTES
  stz SECONDS
 
  smb5 FLAGS
 
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;     CB2 : lap-time pause timer
;;
 
cb2_handler:
  jsr show_clock
  rts
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;                    MONITOR / KEYPAD 
;;
;;
 
keypad_handler:
 
  jsr get_key     ; READs from PORTA which also re-sets VIA's Interrupt flag
  sta INKEY       ; put the ASCII value of input into RAM ( $00 ) 
 
  lda PORTB_1       ; check for SHIFT/INSTRUCTION button
  and #%10000000
  beq check_keypress ; done this way to get around the limit in size of branch jumps....
  jmp handle_new_char
 
check_keypress:
  lda INKEY       
 
; choose action of "SHIFTed" key-press
check_a:
  cmp #'A'
  ; move up one memory address and display contents
  bne check_b     
  jsr increment_address
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_b:
  cmp #'B'
  ; move down one memory address and display contents
  bne check_c
  jsr decrement_address
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_c:
  cmp #'C'
  ; return to MONITOR
  bne check_d
  rmb5 FLAGS
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda #<splash
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>splash
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
 
  jsr new_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_d:
  cmp #'D'
  ; move monitor to entered 4-digit memory address
  bne check_e
  lda BYTE
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr new_address
  jsr print
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_e:
  cmp #'E'
  ; insert (POKE) byte of data in to current memory address, then increment to next address
  bne check_f
  lda BYTE
  ldy #$00
  sta (DUMP_POINTER),y
  jsr increment_address
  jsr new_address
  jsr print
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_f:
  cmp #'F'
  ; show 8-byte wide block of memory
  bne check_1
  ldy #$00
  lda BYTE
  sta DUMP_POINTER
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta DUMP_POINTER + 1
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_1:
  cmp #'1'
  ; show/auto-update clock
  bne check_3
  jsr lcd_clear
  lda #<emt
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER
  lda #>emt
  sta MESSAGE_POINTER + 1
  jsr print
  smb5 FLAGS
 
  ;jsr show_clock
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_3:
  cmp #'3'
  bne check_6
  ldy #$00
  jsr increment_block
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_6:
  cmp #'6'
  bne check_9
  ldy #$00
  jsr decrement_block
  jsr block_address
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_9:
  cmp #'9'
  bne check_4
  jsr show_block
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_4:
  cmp #'4'
  bne check_5
  lda BYTE
  sta HEXB
  lda BYTE + 1
  sta HEXB + 1
  jsr byte_to_hex
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
check_5:
  cmp #'5'
  bne exit_key_irq
  jsr $3F00
  jmp exit_key_irq
 
 
handle_new_char:
  lda ASCII + 2
  sta ASCII + 3
  lda ASCII + 1
  sta ASCII + 2
  lda ASCII
  sta ASCII + 1
  lda INKEY       ; get the new ASCII keypress value and... 
  sta ASCII
  jsr print_char  ; and print it on LCD
 
  jsr ascii_byte  ; convert the rolling 4-byte ASCII character data into two binary bytes
 
exit_key_irq:
 
 
  jsr scan  ; re-enable keypad
 
  rts
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
nmi:
  rti
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;;    interrupt is triggered by HIGH edge on VIA CA1 pin
;;     PORTA low nibble (keypad columns) inputs are diode ORed to CA1
;;
 
irq:
; put registers on the stack while handling the IRQ
  pha
  phx
  phy
 
;  find responsible hardware
 
;  Is it VIA_1?
 
  lda IFR_1   ; if IFR_1 has Bit7 set (ie sign=NEGATIVE) then it IS the source of the interrupt
  bpl next_device ; if it's not set (ie sign=POSITIVE) then branch to test the next possible device
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;
;; IFR Flags
;; B7  B6  B5  B4  B3  B2  B1  B0
;; IRQ TI1 TI2 CB1 CB2 SR CA1 CA2
;;
;; Interrupt source is found by sequentially shifting IFR bit left to put bit-of-interest into the CARRY place
;; and then branching based on whether CARRY is SET or not
;;
;; Only add tests for IRQ sources in use, and adjust the ASLs in each test as necessary
;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
test_timer1:
  asl           ; shift IFR left twice puts the TI1 bit into CARRY....
  asl
  bcc test_cb1  ; carry clear = next test
  bit T1CL_1      ; clear not clear = handle the TIMER interrupt
  jsr rtc
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_cb1:
  asl
  asl
  bcc test_cb2
  bit PORTB_1
  jsr cb1_handler
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_cb2:
  asl
  bcc test_ca1
  bit PORTB_1
  jsr cb2_handler
  jmp exit_irq
 
test_ca1:
  asl           ; shift CA1 bit into the CARRY bit & test
  asl
  bcc exit_irq        ; carry clear = leave
  jsr keypad_handler  ; carry not clear = handle the CA1 interrupt (keypad)
  jmp exit_irq
 
 
next_device:
 
exit_irq:
  ply
  plx
  pla
 
 
  rti
 
emt: .asciiz "hhh mm ss  MET"
splash: .asciiz "cmon> "
error_message: .asciiz "Not Decimal"
mem_pass_msg: .asciiz "RAM Test Pass"
mem_fail_msg_1: .asciiz "RAM Test 1 Fail"
mem_fail_msg_2: .asciiz "RAM Test 2 Fail"
 
; Reset/IRQ vectors
 
.segment "VECTORS"
 
 
  .word nmi
  .word reset
  .word irq

See CA65 Setup for the details of the additional includes files needed to assemble the code.

Notes

The idea of basic features came from

http://www.suppertime.co.uk/blogmywiki/2021/03/6502-breadboard-computer-part-7-working-monitor/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TK2JIZREgYM

My version is similar, but different.

The Keypad scanning routine came from :

https://www.asinine.nz/2022-05-01/6502-part4/

I wanted to write a routine to poll the 16-key pad and needed some hints. I understood what was needed, but was uncertain about the best way to achieve the correct results, so I looked at various bits of code online. When I worked through this snippet I understood what it was doing, and could perhaps in future come up with a similar working solution myself. It's all a matter of studying, understanding and then using the new knowledge. In the meantime this snippet of code works well enough that I see no point in re-inventing the wheel, so I'm just using it verbatim.

To allow key presses to trigger interrupts I have to set the 4 row-outputs (PA4-PA7) high and then diode-OR the switch's column lines, feeding this OR'd signal in to CA1 on the 65c22. Pressing any key pulls CA1 high, triggering an interrupt, and the interrupt routine then calls the keypad reading function itself which then determines which key was pressed.

— John Pumford-Green 27/08/22 09:24

Further Information

6502, assembly

MB7AZE AllStar Config

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 20:19:57 +0000

←AllStar Linking

MB7AZE AllStar Config

Main Config files

echolink.conf

/etc/asterisk/echolink.conf

[el0]
call = MB7AZE-L                          ; Change this!
pwd = xxxxxxxx                           ; Change this!
name = John                        ; Change this!
qth = allstar 481481                           ; Change this!
email = gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com                         ; Change this!
node = 879598                           ; Change this!
; Data for EchoLink Status Page
lat = 60.2883                               ; Latitude in decimal degrees
lon = -001.42533                               ; Longitude in decimal degrees
freq = 430.050                              ; not mandatory Frequency in MHz
tone = 0.0                              ; not mandatory CTCSS Tone (0 for none)
power = 1                               ; 0=0W, 1=1W, 2=4W, 3=9W, 4=16W, 5=25W, 6=36W, 7=49W, 8=64W, 9=81W (Power in Watts)
height = 0                              ; 0=10 1=20 2=40 3=80 4=160 5=320 6=640 7=1280 8=2560 9=5120 (AMSL in Feet)
gain = 0                                ; Gain in db (0-9)
dir = 0                                 ; 0=omni 1=45deg 2=90deg 3=135deg 4=180deg 5=225deg 6=270deg 7=315deg 8=360deg (Direction)
maxstns = 5                            ; Max Stations

rtcptimeout = 10
recfile = /tmp/echolink_recorded.gsm    ;
astnode = 481481             ; Change this!
context = radio-secure                  ; Default in code is echolink-in

; Max 3 servers
server1 = nasouth.echolink.org
server2 = naeast.echolink.org
server3 = server3.echolink.org

; To deny w6xxx you would add the statement: deny = w6xxx
; To prohibit computer-based connections you would write: permit = *-*
; To allow access to only a select group of callsigns: permit = w6abc,w6def,...
; permit                                ; comma delimited list of callsign, type (-r)
; deny


; Remote text commands thru netcat:
; o.conip <IPaddress>    (request a connect)
; o.dconip <IPaddress>   (request a disconnect)
; o.rec                  (turn on/off recording)

; ipaddr
; port

manager.conf

/etc/asterisk/manager.conf

;
; Asterisk Call Management support
;

; By default asterisk will listen on localhost only. 
[general]
enabled = yes
port = 5038
bindaddr = 127.0.0.1

[gm4slv]
secret = llcgi
read = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config
write = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config

rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;

[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.

;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
481481 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481481,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default

;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[481481]					; Change this to your assigned node number

                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza

					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
 rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device


duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.

linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)

linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.

erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects

;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza

scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza

telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza

context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)

hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)

telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;

;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iDE MB7AZE			; Main ID message

;idtalkover = |iMB7AZE			; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iMB7AZE			; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)

unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).

; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0

;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)

lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.

lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.

;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)

;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.

holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.

telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.

telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)

beaconing = 1				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)

parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command

parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received

;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option

startup_macro = *80*81*70

; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory

; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these

;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)

;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message

; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


; *** Status Reporting ***

; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates

[functions]

; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions

; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions


; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link

70 = ilink,5		; System status

;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)

; End Mandatory Command Codes

73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"

80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)

91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled

98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable

901 = cop,1				; System warm boot

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Macro Commands
5 = macro

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands

;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down

; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:

; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Status Commands

; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)

;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user



;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Link Commands

; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only

; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section

;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.

;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot

; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)

; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable

; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable

; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable

; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state

; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable

; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable

; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)


; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin

; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr

; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr

; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed

; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand

; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand

; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign

; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag

; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)

; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)

; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep

; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable

; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable

; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')

; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)

; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)

[functions-remote]

0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key


[telemetry]

; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148

ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated

ct12 = |mI
ct13 = |mR

; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1

; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.

; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.

[morse]
speed = 18				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 800				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 4096			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude

;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;

[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"

; Memories for remote bases

[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m

; Place command macros here

[macro]
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet

12 = *12197# ; disc Freestar
22 = *22197# ; monitor Freestar
32 = *32197# ; transceive Freestar

13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska

14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North

191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo

192 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
392 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest



; Data Acquisition configuration

;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2

;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file

;device = daq-cham-1

; Device name

;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out

;[meter-faces]

;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?

;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation

; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time

[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.

; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]

#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

simpleusb.conf

/etc/asterisk/simpleusb.conf

; If you are going to use this channel driver, you MUST enable it in modules.conf
; change:
; noload => chan_simpleusb.so ;                   CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)
; to:
; load => chan_simpleusb.so ;                   CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)

; SimpleUSB configuration

[general]

[usb_48148]

eeprom = 0              ; EEPROM installed: 0,1
                        ; 0 = no (default)
                        ; 1 = yes

hdwtype = 0		; Leave this set to 0 for USB sound fobs modified using
			; the instructions from usbfob.pdf. Use a setting of 
			; 1 is for Dingotel/Sph interfaces.

; Receiver parameters

rxboost = 0             ; 0 = 20db attenuator inserted, 1= 20db attenuator removed
                        ; Set to 1 for additonal gain if using a low-level receiver output

carrierfrom = usb ; no,usb,usbinvert
                        ; no - no carrier detection at all
                        ; usb - from the COR line on the USB sound fob (Active high)
                        ; usbinvert - from the inverted COR line on the USB sound fob (Active low)

ctcssfrom = no		; no,usb,usbinvert
                        ; no - CTCSS decoding, system will be carrier squelch
                        ; usb - CTCSS decoding using input from USB sound fob (Active high)
                        ; usbinvert - from the inverted CTCSS line on the USB sound fob (Active low)

deemphasis = yes         ; enable de-emphasis (input from discriminator)

plfilter = no           ; enable PL filter

;rxondelay = 0		; number of 20ms intervals to hold off receiver turn-on indication


; Transmitter parameters

txmixa = voice          ; Left channel output (A): no,voice
                        ; no - Do not output anything
                        ; voice - output voice only

txmixb = no		; Right channel output (B): no,voice
                        ; no - Do not output anything
                        ; voice - output voice only

txboost = 0

invertptt = 0           ; Invert PTT: 0,1
                        ; 0 - ground to transmit
                        ; 1 - open to transmit

preemphasis = yes	; Perform standard 6db/octave pre-emphasis

; pager = no            ; no,a,b (e.g. pager = b means "put the normal repeat audio on channel A, and the pager audio on channel B")

; duplex3 = 0           ; duplex 3 gain setting (0 to disable)

duplex = 0              ; Duplex 0,1
                        ; 0 - half duplex
                        ; 1 - full duplex

#includeifexists custom/simpleusb.conf

simpleusb_tune_usb_48148.conf

/etc/asterisk/simpleusb_tune_usb_48148.conf

[usb_48148]
; name=usb_48148
; devicenum=1
devstr=1-1.2:1.0
rxmixerset=330
txmixaset=70
txmixbset=50

crontab

00 * * * * sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -rx “rpt localplay 481481 /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id ” >/dev/null 2>&1

00 * * * * sleep 4 && sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -rx “rpt fun 481481 *81” >/dev/null 2>&1

Page created Sun May 29 15:48:50 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 21:19 BST

pi, radio, allstar, mb7aze

Diaries

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 08:56:27 +0000

Diaries

I write this in the hope that anyone reading it might be inspired to start diary writing if they don't already or to continue, and to discuss their process, if they do.

I like to store memories on paper, for later. Mundane daily life or exciting events….

What is a diary as a rule?

A document useful to the person who keeps it.

Dull to the contemporary who reads it…

…and invaluable to the student, centuries afterwards, who treasures it.

Walter Scott

I keep a diary

I started in 1992, my mid-20's but then I let it lapse after a few inconsistent years of intermittent diary writing. Looking back the snatches of life I recorded from those days are (to me) fascinating and I regret not having kept it up.

I started bullet journaling in 2016, a few days before my 50^th birthday.

After about a year of this small A6 format *bullet-points-with-longer-bits-and sketches-every-now-and-again* I started *proper* daily diary writing later in 2017. Bullet-journaling is still one aspect of my practice, but not for task-management - just for remembering what I did.

I've been at it ever since.

I'm 60 now, so that's 10 year's worth of life captured, in 46 A-5 sized Volumes (I'm now on Volume 47)

My general process

I write short bullet points at the beginning of the day, and add others if necessary at other times. These can be quickly scanned when searching for things at a later data.
I do small sketches (usually pen & ink & watercolour) of little things that will jog my memory later

I write a long-form entry each morning telling the story of the previous day, usually between 2-5 pages, after the bullet-sketch-quick-view page(s)
I stick in ephemera
- cinema tickets
- photographs
- till receipts
- bus tickets
- labels & tags from significant purchases
I write longer angsty brain-dumps on whatever topic is on my mind, to try and think-through something that's bothering me

In more bullet-journal style…..

Things I track

I keep track of various regular occurrences
I keep track of purchases, online orders etc
I keep a record of medications and medical treatments and consultations and symptoms

I keep track of the scores of our almost daily chess games

I note the weather each day
I track what days I work (I'm self-employed, so it's a bit variable)
if I've walked the dogs
if I got to bed before 11pm
I track if I cooked tea
if I went swimming
I note the family finances each week
and the electricity meter reading
and heating oil level and when the last delivery was
I note when I last changed the cooker's propane gas bottle
and when I last had a haircut (in the kitchen, by my own hand, with clippers)
and when the dog last had a haircut (at the groomer's for the sum of £60, every roughly 6 weeks)
I note the deaths of *“significant”* celebrities

I get through an A5 Leuchtturm hard-back in around 9 weeks.

My motivation?

Everything can be interesting when viewed later, from the future, even my own humdrum life.

I can now look back at almost 10 years of my “middle-age” life, in my 50s.

When I see the first frog spawn of the year…

When the car broke down, how often I've agitated the septic-tank to break up fat-blockages (yes, indeed, the joys of isolated rural living). I can find that time when we kept pigs, or the dog had a cruciate ligament rupture (and the subsequent repair & recovery).

And there's the strange blank period of a couple of months in mid-2018, when I'd had a heart-attack and I seemed unable to write anything in my diary about it (or anything else). Until I was back to normal again. I think I felt that I would remember everything anyway, without writing it down. I'm glad I did write a quick precis of the events of those weeks, even if it took a few months to get it down on paper.

I'm inspired by Mass Observation, the diaries of Alan Bennet, the writings of Simon Garfield, the passionate call-to arms in Irving Finkel's video (see below).

Indexing

In December 2023 I decided that I need a way of finding old entries/events/facts etc. so I started an Index…. more later in a blog post…

Finding Things In A Diary

Influences

Alan Bennet

Writing Home
Keeping on Keeping on
House Arrest

Simon Garfield

Wartime Mass-Observation diary collections
A Notable Woman. The diary of Jean Lucey Pratt.
- Jean was one of the Mass Observation diarists in the Wartime collections above (anonymized as “Maggie Joy Blunt”), but Jean also kept a separate diary covering her whole life, starting in 1925 aged 15 until she died in 1986.

The Great Diary Project

The wonderful Irving Finkel mini lecture on You Tube Rescuing unwanted diaries gives a feel of why I think capturing everyday life, in ordinary peoples' diaries, is important.

The result of Irving's discovery of the importance of diaries is the The Great Diary Project

The Man Who Saves Life Stories

The American Diary Project

There is a similar project in the USA The American Diary Project

Anne Lister

Now well known after the BBC dramatization as “Gentleman Jack” - Anne Lister lived in the 18th Century, was a land-owning woman (unusual) and most famously, gay.

Her diaries were written partly in a “secret” code, to hide the more personal aspects.

They were researched and sections published in 2 volumes by Helena Whitbread.

Anne Lister

I've read the first volume, and it's a fascinating insight into life in the 1820s - leaving aside the sexual aspects - just the practicalities of life, the leeches and quack medical treatments. The amount of walking needed to get anywhere, the poor diets (even for the wealthy). The physical discomfort tolerated (even by the wealthy).

John Gadd

I recently discovered John Gadd and his diary.

He seems to have kept a very similar style of journal to mine - writing daily in one book storing EVERYTHING, writing, photos, tickets, labels…. and a record of his day, his thoughts and only touching on “world news” if it particularly meant something to him.

He called it his “Omnium Gatherum”.

He died aged 90 on 2020, after keeping his diary consistently since 1947, really settling on its eventual format in the early 1970s. His diary was a memory-aid, as is mine, but of course it also captures lots of other things, mundane at the time but over a lifetime the mundane becomes the historical, and illustrate how life changes.

I'd love to see the books and look through the pages, and see how he indexed everything to make it searchable and to find anything within a few minutes.

My Diaries

Book of choice: Leuchtturm1917 A5 Hardback Dot Grid
Pen(s) of choice : Lamy Safari EF nib, TWSBI Eco and Pigma Micron 02
Fountain Pen Inks of choice : Diamine Eau de Nil & Platinum Carbon Black
Watercolours of choice : Winsor & Newton Cotman Sketcher Pocket Set with the China White swapped for some Payne's Grey instead.
Shop of Choice : Cult Pens

Some pics:

More Pics

Bloods

Desk15 - firmware for the DM15

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:14:55 +0000

←3rd Party Firmware

Desk15 - firmware for the DM15

From HP Forum https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-23488.html
You Tube https://youtu.be/ktrKZzN3wJw
Github for firmware and brief README guide https://github.com/zooxo/desk15

Firmware Files

Date	Firmware	Comment
17/02/26	desk15-001.hex	Version 01

README

The developer's README (click to read)

This software is protected by the BSD 3 Clause Licence
and copyright (c) 2025 by deetee. All rights reserved.


DESK15 - Calculator suite (including a Spreadsheet) for the DM-15

____________________

PREAMBLE
____________________

The HP-15c was probably the most simple but versatile scientific calculator.
Similar to DESK42 (for the DM42) DESK15 offers an alternative firmware for the
DM15/DM15L replica of Swissmicros with a suite of some applications like a
complex number calculator, a spreadsheet, a symbolic, a tabletop calculator
and even a sliderule and a simple text editor.

Have fun!
deetee


____________________

INSTALLATION
____________________

To install a new firmware to a DM-15 (Voyager) calculator have a look at
chapter Firmware Update of the Swissmicros Voyager Series User Manual at:
  https://technical.swissmicros.com/voyager/firmware/

On linux computers for example install the package lpc21isp and flash the
desired firmware (hex file) to the calculator with:
  sudo lpc21isp <firmware.hex> /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 12000

After starting this command press the reset button on the backside of the
calculator with a paperclip. After the flashing procedure ends you might need to
reset the calculator again. Every Swissmicros-Calculator has a reset button
on the PCB (even if there is no hole to reach it).


____________________

DESK
____________________

When you start DESK15 the first time you see the application launcher DESK. You
can launch the desired application with the keys 7, 8, 9 and 4, 5, 6:

  7 PLEX ... Complex Number Calculator
  8 FLEX ... Symbolic Calculator
  9 RAX  ... Spreadsheet
  4 TTOP ... Table Top Calculator
  5 RULE ... Slide Rule Simulation
  6 TEX  ... Text Editor

On the right side of the screen you see some extra information like the battery
level, date (day) and time (24 hour format).

Please note that the battery level is a momentarily value that varies due to the
momentarily activity of the calculator. But if you see the empty battery symbol
quite often you might consider changing the battery.

____________________

PLEX
____________________

PLEX is a scientific calculator generically designed to work with complex
numbers. Many routines of PLEX are used by other applications (even if they work
with real numbers only). Beside advanced mathematic functions it even offers an
extensive function analysis (function value, slope, solve, integrate and plot).

PLEX supports the following functions:
  Basic
    0-9.      Number input
    ENTER     Enter number (stack lift) or duplicate TOS
    + - * /   Basic operation
    CHS       Negate TOS (ends number input)
    EEX       Push Y*10^X to the stack
    BSP gBSP  Clear number entry or TOS, clear stack and statistics data
    LASTx     Push last ENTERed number to stack
    SWAP      Swap X and Y
    ROT up/dn Rotate 3 stack elements
    STO RCL   Store TOS or push stored number to stack (store 0 to delete)
  Complex number operations
    fTAN      Convert X and Y (real values) to complex number (and vice versa)
    f1 g1     Display number in rectangular or polar view
    f-        Swap real and imaginary part of complex number
    fCHS      Conjugate complex number
  Advanced mathematics
    SQRT, SQR, EXP, LN, 10^X, LOG, Y^X, %, 1/X, delta%,
    FRAC, INT, ABS, PI, Pxy, Cxy, lnGAMMA (f0),
    SIN, COS, TAN, aSIN, aCOS, aTAN, SINH, COSH, TANH, aSINH, aCOSH, aTANH
    fENTER    NAND ~(X & Y) ... useful in HEX mode
    g-        Calculate 2 roots of quadratic equation xx+px+q=0 (enter p q)
    fCOS      PV (present value) of interest rate (%) and duration (periods)
  Statistics
    SUM+ SUM- Add/remove number to/from statistics registers
    g0 g.     Mean value and standard deviation
    fSUM      Parameters a and b of linear regression (y=a*x+b)
    gBSP      Clears statistics registers (and stack)
  Function analysis
    gR/S      Start key recorder to input f(x) (gR/S R/S to delete)
    R/S       Stop key recorder, calculate y=f(x)
    fg/ fg*   Solve, slope, integrate, plot
    GSB 8/9   SAVE/LOAD a recorded function to/from one of 6 slots
  Conversions
    fg7 8 9   cm<>in, km<>mi, km<>nmi
    fg4 5 6   kg<>lbs, °C<>°F, l<>gal
    fg1 2 3   rect/polar view, h<>h.ms, deg<>rad
  Menu
    GSB       QUIT, SAVE/LOAD, Physical Constant, Size of font, HEX mode
    fGSB      BATTERY, set LCD brightness/voltage, set OFFTIME
    gGSB      Get/set DATE, get/set TIME

    Please note:
    When in HEX mode enter numbers >9 with a dot (ie .1=a, .6=f).
    To set the OFFTIME (default is 60s) enter the desired value (5-300) in
    seconds to the stack and press Toff (fGSB6).
    Be careful when setting the lcd brightness (fGSB4, 0-64) or lcd voltage
    (fGSB5, 0-5-7). The default values are 0 and 5.
    Get/set date and time from/to the real time clock (RTC) with the gGSB menu.
    The format for the date on the stack is YY.MMDDw (where w is the number of
    the weekday (0=Monday). The format for the time is HH.MM.

  Physical constants keys (GSB4):
    ENTER     Select (push) constant
    2 8 3 9   Down, Up, PgDown, PgUp
    GSB       Quit (without selecting)

  Physical constants;
    0  c    299792458         Speed of light
    1  g    9.80665           Acceleration of gravity
    2  G    6.67430e-11       Newton constant of gravity
    3  Vm   0.02271095464     Molar volume of ideal gas
    4  NA   6.02214076e23     Avogadro constant
    5  Rinf 10973731.568160   Rydberg constant
    6  h    6.62607015e-34    Planck constant
    7  Phi0 2.067833848e-15   Magnetic flux quantum
    8  a0   5.29177210903e-11 Bohr radius
    9  k    1.380649e-23      Boltzmann constant
    10 R    8.314462618       Molar gas constant
    11 F    96485.33212       Faraday constant
    12 t    273.15            Celsius temperature
    13 atm  101325            Standard atmosphere
    14 e    1.602176634e-19   Elementary charge
    15 eps0 8.8541878128e-12  Vacuum electric permittivity
    16 mu0  1.25663706212e-6  Vacuum magnetic permeability
    17 Z0   376.730313668     Impedance of vacuum
    18 mU   1.6605390666e-27  Atomic mass constant
    19 re   2.8179403262e-15  Electron radius
    20 me   9.1093837015e-31  Electron mass
    21 mp   1.67262192369e-27 Proton mass
    22 mn   1.67492749804e-27 Neutron mass
    23 mmu  1.883531627e-28   Muon mass
    24 muB  9.2740100783e-24  Bohr magneton
    25 muN  5.0507837461e-27  Nuclear magneton
    26 mue  -9.2847647043e-24 Electron magnetic moment
    27 mup  1.41060679736e-26 Proton magnetic moment
    28 mun  -9.6623651e-27    Neutron magnetic moment
    29 mumu -4.4904483e-26    Muon magnetic moment
    30 alph 7.2973525693e-3   Fine structure constant
    31 sigm 5.670374419e-8    Stefan-Boltzmann constant
    32 G0   7.748091729       Conductance quantum
    33 gamp 2.6752218744e8    Proton gyromagnetic ratio
    34 C1   3.741771852e-16   First radiation constant
    35 C2   1.438776877e-2    Second radiation constant


____________________

RAX
____________________

RAX is the spreadsheet application of DESK15. When starting RAX you are in the
navigation mode, where the number keys work as cursor pad (see below). The
navigation mode is also active when you refer in a formula to a specific cell.

Keys in navigation mode:
  2 4 6 8  Navigation (Down/Left/Right/Up)
  ENTER 5  Edit selected cell, edit new formula cell
  R/S      Define and edit a new text cell
  BSP      Delete cell
  STO RCL  Save/load spreadsheet to/from one of 6 slots
           Please note that a text in the last cell (D8) is used as slot name.
  GSB      Menu: Quit RAX, New sheet, Copy&Glue/Paste, Hex mode (see PLEX)

Keys in edit mode (ENTER to select and quit):
  SST GTO        Cursor left/right
  SUM+           Insert a stack enter command to separate numbers
  BSP            Backspace - delete character
  RCL            Reference (Select reference cell and enter)
  ENTER GSB R/S  Quit edit mode to navigation mode

Keys in text edit mode (R/S):
  2 4 6 8    Navigation (Down/Left/Right/Up)
  7 1 5      Pos1, End, Center
  SST GTO    Cursor left/right
  BSP        Delete character (left of cursor)
  R/S ENTER  Exit text editing mode
  Any other key inserts the selected character.


____________________

FLEX
____________________

The symbolic calculator FLEX has the look and feel of PLEX, but actually
calculates in the first cell of a RAX spreadsheet. Hence you can see and edit
(with R/S) the formula that yields to the result.

Quit FLEX (and go back to the DESK menu) with GSB.

____________________

TTOP
____________________

TTOP is a tabletop calculator that enables (simple) calculations with big
numbers (even in HEX format) with up to 17 digits. If desired two digits are
used for decimals (ie for cent amounts). PLease note that entering decimals
(after pressing ".") always "shifts the pressed number key in".

TTOP supports the following functions:
  + - * / Basic operation
  CHS     Negate TOS (ends number input)
  EEX     Push Y*10^X to the stack (Y*16^X in HEX mode)
  ENTER   Enter number (stack lift) or duplicate TOS
  SWAP    Swap X and Y
  ROT     Rotate 3 stack elements
  BSP     Clear last number
  SQRT    Calculate square root
  SUM+    NAND ~(X & Y) ... useful in HEX mode
  STO RCL Store TOS or push stored number to stack (store 0 to delete)
  GSB     Menu: Quit TTOP, 0/2 decimals, HEX mode


____________________

RULE
____________________

RULE is a simulation of a historic slide rule for reasons of education and
reminiscence.

RULE supports the following functions:
  SQRT /   Slide one pixel left/right
  EXP 9    Slide 5 pixel left/right
  POW10 8  Slide 10 pixel left/right
  POW 7    Slide 20 pixel left/right
  GSB      Quit RULE


____________________

TEX
____________________

TEX is a (very) simple line oriented text editor. But as entering a text with
cursor keys is quite a pain TEX is sufficient to manage a ToDo or shopping list
or some important formulae. Please note that TEX can manage a maximum of 255
characters (with not more than 18 characters per line).

TTOP supports the following functions:
  4 8 3 9  Navigation (Down/Up/PdDown/PgUp)
  ENTER    Edit (top) line
  /        Edit line but split line at cursor position after editing
  *        Join two lines
  - BSP    Delete (top) line
  +        Insert line before top line
  STO RCL  Save/load TEX document to/from one of 6 slots
  GSB      Quit TEX

  To enter a new line after the last line edit with split option (/) and
  leave editor immediately (ENTER).
  To edit a text TEX uses the text editing routines of RAX (see above).

Further Information

Page created : 17/02/26 17:44 GMT

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:14 BST

calculator, dm15l, desk15

60m Transceiver

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 09:44:34 +0000

←Arduino Projects

60m Transceiver

The 60m transceiver has the following features, which vary according to the loaded firmware

Channelized operation
LCD display
- Frequency
- Mode (SSB / CW)
- Modulation Source (Mic/Key/Data)
- RX / TX status
9MHz IF with Xtal filter
SSB & CW set via mode switch
Approx 3W PEP
Digital mode input/output and PTT via 9-pin D
SSB Mic input via 8-pin round “Icom” connector
Modulation Source (Mic or Data) can chosen via select switch
Scan start switch - scan a preset group of channels - cycles continuously, no “squelch”
- Use of Jenal SC2 CCIR493 Selcal microphone can be supported - including scanning

Arduino Versions

There are several different firmware versions….this is just a sample…

RX Only, with SSB, CW & scan

gm4slv_60m_channels_cwscan_noptt_new_calibration_130523.ino

Firmware (Click to view)

#include <rgb_lcd.h>
#include <si5351.h>
 
char version[] = "v0.1";
 
const long channel_array[] = 
{
5258500,5260000,5261000,5262000,5263000, 5276000,
5278500,5279000,5287200,5290000,5298000,
5301000,5304000,5317000,5320000,5333000,
5334000,5335000,5354000,5355000,5362000,
5363000,5364700,5366500,5371500,5378000,
5379000,5395000,5398500,5403500,
5345000,5245000,5450000,5505000,5680000,
5195000,5616000,5649000
} ;
 
const long scan_array[] = 
{
 5260000,5261000,
 5262000,5263000,
 5366500,5354000,
 5355000,
} ;
 
 
const int mems = sizeof(channel_array)/sizeof(long);
 
const int scan_mems = sizeof(scan_array)/sizeof(long);
 
// the last "no_scan" number channels of
// channel_array are not to be scanned. 
// Put the channels not to be scanned last 
// in the array and update no_scan to reflect. 
 
const int no_scan = 0; 
 
const long bandStart = 5000000;    
const long bandEnd = 6000000;
const long txcio = 9001200;
 
const long cwoffset = 600;
const long filteroffset = 500;
 
volatile int channel = 01;
 
volatile long freq = channel_array[channel];  //      
volatile long oldfreq = 0;
 
 
 
 
 
volatile long currentfreq = 0;
volatile int updatedisplay = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder pins and other inputs
static const int rotAPin = 2;
static const int rotBPin = 3;
static const int pushSwPin = 4;
static const int mictxrxPin = 5;
static const int txRLA1Pin = 7;
static const int txRLA2Pin = 6;
static const int datatxrxPin = 8;
static const int modRLAPin = 9;
static const int modeSWPin = 11;
static const int scanSWPin = 10;
 
volatile int scanning = 0;
volatile int old_scanning = 0;
 
volatile int tx = 0;
volatile int oldtxrx = 0;
 
volatile int mod = 0;
volatile int oldmod = 0;
 
volatile int channel_freq = 0; // push-button to toggle tune method
volatile int old_channel_freq = 0;
 
volatile long scan_freq = scan_array[channel];
volatile long old_scan_freq = 0;
 
volatile int mode = 1; // 1 = USB/LSB, 0 = CW 
volatile int oldmode = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder variables, used by interrupt routines
volatile int rotState = 0;
volatile int rotAval = 1;
volatile int rotBval = 1;
 
 
int digit1 = 0;
int digit2 = 0;
int digit3 = 0;
int digit4 = 0;   
int digit5 = 0;
int digit6 = 0;
int digit7 = 0;
 
// Instantiate the Objects
rgb_lcd lcd;
Si5351 si5351;
 
 
 
byte customChar[8] = {
  0b11111,
  0b11011,
  0b11001,
  0b00000,
  0b11001,
  0b11011,
  0b11111,
  0b11111
};
 
 
 
void setup()
{
 
 
  // Set up frequency and radix switches
  pinMode(rotAPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(rotBPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(pushSwPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(mictxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(datatxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(modeSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(scanSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(txRLA1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(txRLA2Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(modRLAPin, OUTPUT);
 
  digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(modRLAPin, LOW);
 
  // Set up interrupt pins
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotAPin), ISRrotAChange, CHANGE);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotBPin), ISRrotBChange, CHANGE);
 
  // Initialize the display
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 
lcd.createChar(0, customChar); // create a new custom character
 
  lcd.cursor();
 
  // Initialize the Si5351
 
  //si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, -31200);         // 
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
 
  si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, 0);
  si5351.set_correction(-34976, SI5351_PLL_INPUT_XO);
  si5351.set_pll(SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_PLLA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
 
 
  // Update display and send start frequency
  UpdateDisplay();
  SendFrequency();
}
 
 
void loop()
{
 
  CheckScanSwitch();
 
  //CheckTXSwitch();
 
  //CheckModSwitch();
 
  CheckModeSwitch();
 
  // Check to see if the freq has changed
  currentfreq = getfreq();                      // Interrupt safe method to get the current frequency
 
  if (currentfreq != oldfreq)
  {
 
    oldfreq = currentfreq;
 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
 
  }
 
  // Check the rotary encoder (radix) swith
  if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)           // Read the rotary encoder switch
  {
    delay(500);
    if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)
    {
 
    if (channel_freq == 1)
    {
      channel_freq = 0;
    }
    else if (channel_freq == 0)
    {
      channel_freq = 1;
    }
    //delay(50);
 
    UpdateDisplay();
 
    }
  }
 
} // end of main loop
 
 
long getfreq()
{
  long temp_freq;
  cli();
  temp_freq = freq;
  sei();
  return temp_freq;
}
 
void CheckScanSwitch()
{
 if (digitalRead(scanSWPin) == 0)
 
    {
 
      scanning  = 1;
      scan_freq = 0;
      channel = channel + 1;
 
      if (channel > scan_mems - (no_scan + 1))
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
 
      freq = scan_array[channel];
 
      UpdateDisplay();
      SendFrequency();
      delay(500);
    }
    else
    {
 
 
      if (scanning != old_scanning)
      {
        scanning = 0;
        UpdateDisplay();
      }
      old_scanning = scanning;
    }
 
}
 
//void CheckModSwitch()
//{
//  if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 0)
//      mod = 0;                             // 0 = Phone
//  else if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 1)
//      mod = 1;                                 // 1=Data
 
 
//  if (mod != oldmod)
//  {
//    if ( mod == 0)
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
//      }
//    else
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
//      } 
//    UpdateDisplay();
//    SendFrequency();
//    oldmod = mod;
//  }
//}
 
 
void CheckModeSwitch()
{
  if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 0)
      mode = 0;                             // 0 = CW
  else if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 1)
      mode = 1;                                 // 1=SSB
 
 
  if (mode != oldmode)
  {
    if ( mode == 0)
      {
 
      }
    else
      {
 
      } 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldmode = mode;
  }
}
 
 
 
void CheckTXSwitch()
{
  if (scanning == 0)
  {
  if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {
    tx = 1;                             // 1=TX
    mod = 0;
 
   }  else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {  tx = 1;
     mod = 1;
 
  }  else if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 1)
 
  {  tx = 0;                                 // 0=Phone
 
  } else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 1)
 
 {   tx = 0;
 
 }
 
  if (tx != oldtxrx)
  {
    if ( tx == 1)
      {
        if ( mod == 0 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
        }
        else if ( mod == 1 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
        }
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,HIGH);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,HIGH);
      }
    else
      {
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,LOW);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,LOW);   
      }
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldtxrx = tx;
  }
}
}
 
// Interrupt routines
void ISRrotAChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotAPin))
  {
    rotAval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotAval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
void ISRrotBChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotBPin))
  {
    rotBval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotBval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
// Determine which way the rotary encoder is rotating and action as required
void UpdateRot()
{
  switch (rotState)
  {
    case 0:                                         // Idle state, look for direction
      if (!rotBval)
        rotState = 1;                               // CW 1
      if (!rotAval)
        rotState = 11;                              // CCW 1
      break;
 
    case 1:                                         // CW, wait for A low while B is low
      if (!rotBval)
      {
        if (!rotAval)
        {
          // either increment the radix or freq
          if (channel_freq == 1)
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq + 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq + 100;
            }
            if (freq > bandEnd)
            {
              freq = bandEnd;
            }
 
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel + 1;
 
            if (channel > mems -1)
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
            freq = channel_array[channel]; 
          }
          rotState = 2;                             // CW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on B, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 2:                                         // CW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 3;                               // CW 3
      break;
 
    case 3:                                         // CW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
 
    case 11:                                        // CCW, wait for B low while A is low
      if (!rotAval)
      {
        if (!rotBval)
        {
          if ( channel_freq == 1 )
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
 
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq - 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq - 100;
            }
 
            if (freq < bandStart)
            {
              freq = bandStart;
            }
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel - 1;
 
            if (channel < 0)
             {
              channel = mems - 1;
             }
            freq = channel_array[channel];
 
          }
          rotState = 12;                            // CCW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on A, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 12:                                        // CCW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 13;                              // CCW 3
      break;
 
    case 13:                                        // CCW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
  }
}
 
 
void UpdateDisplay()
{
 
 
    digit1 = (freq%10);
    digit2 = ((freq/10)%10);
    digit3 = ((freq/100)%10);
    digit4 = ((freq/1000)%10);   
    digit5 = ((freq/10000)%10);
    digit6 = ((freq/100000)%10);
    digit7 = ((freq/1000000)%10);
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(digit7);
  lcd.setCursor(1,0);
  lcd.print(",");
  lcd.setCursor(2,0);
  lcd.print(digit6);
  lcd.setCursor(3,0);
  lcd.print(digit5);
  lcd.setCursor(4,0);
  lcd.print(digit4);
  lcd.setCursor(5,0);
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  lcd.print(digit3);
  lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  lcd.print(digit2);
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,0);
  lcd.print("kHz");
 
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("        ");
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(channel,1); 
 
 
if (scanning == 1)
{
   // lcd.print("|");
 
  lcd.write((byte)0);  // print the custom char at (2, 0)
}
 
 /*
  //if (channel < 10)
  //{
  //lcd.print("0");
  //}
  //lcd.print(channel);
 
 lcd.setCursor(0,1);
 if (freq == 5287200 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR1");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5290000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("ORK");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5364700 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR2");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5450000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("RAF");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5505000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("EIP");
 }
 
if (freq == 5317000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("VMARS");
 }
 
if (freq == 5366500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FK");
 }
 
if (freq == 5258500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FA");
 }
 
if (freq == 5278500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FB");
 }
 
if (freq == 5288500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FC");
 }
 
if (freq == 5371500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FL");
 }
 
if (freq == 5398500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FE");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5403500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FM");
 }
 
if (freq == 5195000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("DRA5");
 }
 
if (freq == 5262000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("QRP CW");
 }
 
 
if ((freq >= 5259000) && (freq < 5262000) )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("CW");
 }
 
 
 
*/
 
 
 
 
 lcd.setCursor(14,0);
 
if (tx == 0)
   { lcd.print("RX");
 
   } else if (tx == 1)
   {
    lcd.print("TX");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,1);
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.print("SSB");
  }
  if (mode == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" CW");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(12,1);
  if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.print(" Key");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
 
  {
    if (mod == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" Mic");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
  {
   lcd.print("Data");
   //lcd.print(version);
  }
}
if (channel_freq == 1)
{
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  }
  else if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  }
  lcd.blink();
}
else
{
  lcd.noBlink();
}
} // end of updatedisplay()
 
 
void SendFrequency()
 
 
 
 
{
 
if (mode == 1 ) // SSB
 
  {
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);     // VFO
    si5351.set_freq((txcio * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);              // BFO
 
  }
 
else if (mode == 0) // CW
 
  if ( tx == 0 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio  - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);                     // BFO
 
  }
 
  else if (tx == 1 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);           // BFO
 
  }
 
} // end of sendfrequency()

Full TX/RX - with SSB, CW & Scan

gm4slv_60m_channels_cwscan_ptt_new_calibration_230823.ino

Firmware (Click to view)

#include <rgb_lcd.h>
#include <si5351.h>
 
char version[] = "v0.1";
 
const long channel_array[] = 
{
5258500,5260000,5261000,5262000,5263000, 5276000,
5278500,5279000,5287200,5290000,5298000,
5301000,5304000,5317000,5320000,5333000,
5334000,5335000,5354000,5355000,5362000,
5363000,5364700,5366500,5371500,5378000,
5379000,5395000,5398500,5403500,
5345000,5245000,5450000,5505000,5680000,
5195000,5616000,5649000
} ;
 
const long scan_array[] = 
{
 5260000,5261000,
 5262000,5263000,
 5366500,5354000,
 5355000,
} ;
 
 
const int mems = sizeof(channel_array)/sizeof(long);
 
const int scan_mems = sizeof(scan_array)/sizeof(long);
 
// the last "no_scan" number channels of
// channel_array are not to be scanned. 
// Put the channels not to be scanned last 
// in the array and update no_scan to reflect. 
 
const int no_scan = 0; 
 
const long bandStart = 5000000;    
const long bandEnd = 6000000;
const long txcio = 9001200;
 
const long cwoffset = 600;
const long filteroffset = 500;
 
volatile int channel = 01;
 
volatile long freq = channel_array[channel];  //      
volatile long oldfreq = 0;
 
 
 
 
 
volatile long currentfreq = 0;
volatile int updatedisplay = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder pins and other inputs
static const int rotAPin = 2;
static const int rotBPin = 3;
static const int pushSwPin = 4;
static const int mictxrxPin = 5;
static const int txRLA1Pin = 7;
static const int txRLA2Pin = 6;
static const int datatxrxPin = 8;
static const int modRLAPin = 9;
static const int modeSWPin = 11;
static const int scanSWPin = 10;
 
volatile int scanning = 0;
volatile int old_scanning = 0;
 
volatile int tx = 0;
volatile int oldtxrx = 0;
 
volatile int mod = 0;
volatile int oldmod = 0;
 
volatile int channel_freq = 0; // push-button to toggle tune method
volatile int old_channel_freq = 0;
 
volatile long scan_freq = scan_array[channel];
volatile long old_scan_freq = 0;
 
volatile int mode = 1; // 1 = USB/LSB, 0 = CW 
volatile int oldmode = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder variables, used by interrupt routines
volatile int rotState = 0;
volatile int rotAval = 1;
volatile int rotBval = 1;
 
 
int digit1 = 0;
int digit2 = 0;
int digit3 = 0;
int digit4 = 0;   
int digit5 = 0;
int digit6 = 0;
int digit7 = 0;
 
// Instantiate the Objects
rgb_lcd lcd;
Si5351 si5351;
 
 
 
byte customChar[8] = {
  0b11111,
  0b11011,
  0b11001,
  0b00000,
  0b11001,
  0b11011,
  0b11111,
  0b11111
};
 
 
 
void setup()
{
 
 
  // Set up frequency and radix switches
  pinMode(rotAPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(rotBPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(pushSwPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(mictxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(datatxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(modeSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(scanSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(txRLA1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(txRLA2Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(modRLAPin, OUTPUT);
 
  digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(modRLAPin, LOW);
 
  // Set up interrupt pins
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotAPin), ISRrotAChange, CHANGE);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotBPin), ISRrotBChange, CHANGE);
 
  // Initialize the display
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 
lcd.createChar(0, customChar); // create a new custom character
 
  lcd.cursor();
 
  // Initialize the Si5351
 
  //si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, -31200);         // 
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
 
  si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, 0);
  si5351.set_correction(-34976, SI5351_PLL_INPUT_XO);
  si5351.set_pll(SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_PLLA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
 
 
  // Update display and send start frequency
  UpdateDisplay();
  SendFrequency();
}
 
 
void loop()
{
 
  CheckScanSwitch();
 
  CheckTXSwitch();
 
  //CheckModSwitch();
 
  CheckModeSwitch();
 
  // Check to see if the freq has changed
  currentfreq = getfreq();                      // Interrupt safe method to get the current frequency
 
  if (currentfreq != oldfreq)
  {
 
    oldfreq = currentfreq;
 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
 
  }
 
  // Check the rotary encoder (radix) swith
  if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)           // Read the rotary encoder switch
  {
    delay(500);
    if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)
    {
 
    if (channel_freq == 1)
    {
      channel_freq = 0;
    }
    else if (channel_freq == 0)
    {
      channel_freq = 1;
    }
    //delay(50);
 
    UpdateDisplay();
 
    }
  }
 
} // end of main loop
 
 
long getfreq()
{
  long temp_freq;
  cli();
  temp_freq = freq;
  sei();
  return temp_freq;
}
 
void CheckScanSwitch()
{
 if (digitalRead(scanSWPin) == 0)
 
    {
 
      scanning  = 1;
      scan_freq = 0;
      channel = channel + 1;
 
      if (channel > scan_mems - (no_scan + 1))
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
 
      freq = scan_array[channel];
 
      UpdateDisplay();
      SendFrequency();
      delay(500);
    }
    else
    {
 
 
      if (scanning != old_scanning)
      {
        scanning = 0;
        UpdateDisplay();
      }
      old_scanning = scanning;
    }
 
}
 
//void CheckModSwitch()
//{
//  if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 0)
//      mod = 0;                             // 0 = Phone
//  else if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 1)
//      mod = 1;                                 // 1=Data
 
 
//  if (mod != oldmod)
//  {
//    if ( mod == 0)
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
//      }
//    else
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
//      } 
//    UpdateDisplay();
//    SendFrequency();
//    oldmod = mod;
//  }
//}
 
 
void CheckModeSwitch()
{
  if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 0)
      mode = 0;                             // 0 = CW
  else if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 1)
      mode = 1;                                 // 1=SSB
 
 
  if (mode != oldmode)
  {
    if ( mode == 0)
      {
 
      }
    else
      {
 
      } 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldmode = mode;
  }
}
 
 
 
void CheckTXSwitch()
{
  if (scanning == 0)
  {
  if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {
    tx = 1;                             // 1=TX
    mod = 0;
 
   }  else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {  tx = 1;
     mod = 1;
 
  }  else if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 1)
 
  {  tx = 0;                                 // 0=Phone
 
  } else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 1)
 
 {   tx = 0;
 
 }
 
  if (tx != oldtxrx)
  {
    if ( tx == 1)
      {
        if ( mod == 0 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
        }
        else if ( mod == 1 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
        }
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,HIGH);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,HIGH);
      }
    else
      {
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,LOW);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,LOW);   
      }
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldtxrx = tx;
  }
}
}
 
// Interrupt routines
void ISRrotAChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotAPin))
  {
    rotAval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotAval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
void ISRrotBChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotBPin))
  {
    rotBval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotBval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
// Determine which way the rotary encoder is rotating and action as required
void UpdateRot()
{
  switch (rotState)
  {
    case 0:                                         // Idle state, look for direction
      if (!rotBval)
        rotState = 1;                               // CW 1
      if (!rotAval)
        rotState = 11;                              // CCW 1
      break;
 
    case 1:                                         // CW, wait for A low while B is low
      if (!rotBval)
      {
        if (!rotAval)
        {
          // either increment the radix or freq
          if (channel_freq == 1)
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq + 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq + 100;
            }
            if (freq > bandEnd)
            {
              freq = bandEnd;
            }
 
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel + 1;
 
            if (channel > mems -1)
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
            freq = channel_array[channel]; 
          }
          rotState = 2;                             // CW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on B, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 2:                                         // CW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 3;                               // CW 3
      break;
 
    case 3:                                         // CW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
 
    case 11:                                        // CCW, wait for B low while A is low
      if (!rotAval)
      {
        if (!rotBval)
        {
          if ( channel_freq == 1 )
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
 
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq - 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq - 100;
            }
 
            if (freq < bandStart)
            {
              freq = bandStart;
            }
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel - 1;
 
            if (channel < 0)
             {
              channel = mems - 1;
             }
            freq = channel_array[channel];
 
          }
          rotState = 12;                            // CCW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on A, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 12:                                        // CCW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 13;                              // CCW 3
      break;
 
    case 13:                                        // CCW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
  }
}
 
 
void UpdateDisplay()
{
 
 
    digit1 = (freq%10);
    digit2 = ((freq/10)%10);
    digit3 = ((freq/100)%10);
    digit4 = ((freq/1000)%10);   
    digit5 = ((freq/10000)%10);
    digit6 = ((freq/100000)%10);
    digit7 = ((freq/1000000)%10);
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(digit7);
  lcd.setCursor(1,0);
  lcd.print(",");
  lcd.setCursor(2,0);
  lcd.print(digit6);
  lcd.setCursor(3,0);
  lcd.print(digit5);
  lcd.setCursor(4,0);
  lcd.print(digit4);
  lcd.setCursor(5,0);
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  lcd.print(digit3);
  lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  lcd.print(digit2);
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,0);
  lcd.print("kHz");
 
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("        ");
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(channel,1); 
 
 
if (scanning == 1)
{
   // lcd.print("|");
 
  lcd.write((byte)0);  // print the custom char at (2, 0)
}
 
 /*
  //if (channel < 10)
  //{
  //lcd.print("0");
  //}
  //lcd.print(channel);
 
 lcd.setCursor(0,1);
 if (freq == 5287200 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR1");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5290000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("ORK");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5364700 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR2");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5450000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("RAF");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5505000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("EIP");
 }
 
if (freq == 5317000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("VMARS");
 }
 
if (freq == 5366500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FK");
 }
 
if (freq == 5258500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FA");
 }
 
if (freq == 5278500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FB");
 }
 
if (freq == 5288500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FC");
 }
 
if (freq == 5371500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FL");
 }
 
if (freq == 5398500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FE");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5403500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FM");
 }
 
if (freq == 5195000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("DRA5");
 }
 
if (freq == 5262000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("QRP CW");
 }
 
 
if ((freq >= 5259000) && (freq < 5262000) )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("CW");
 }
 
 
 
*/
 
 
 
 
 lcd.setCursor(14,0);
 
if (tx == 0)
   { lcd.print("RX");
 
   } else if (tx == 1)
   {
    lcd.print("TX");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,1);
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.print("SSB");
  }
  if (mode == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" CW");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(12,1);
  if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.print(" Key");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
 
  {
    if (mod == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" Mic");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
  {
   lcd.print("Data");
   //lcd.print(version);
  }
}
if (channel_freq == 1)
{
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  }
  else if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  }
  lcd.blink();
}
else
{
  lcd.noBlink();
}
} // end of updatedisplay()
 
 
void SendFrequency()
 
 
 
 
{
 
if (mode == 1 ) // SSB
 
  {
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);     // VFO
    si5351.set_freq((txcio * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);              // BFO
 
  }
 
else if (mode == 0) // CW
 
  if ( tx == 0 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio  - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);                     // BFO
 
  }
 
  else if (tx == 1 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);           // BFO
 
  }
 
} // end of sendfrequency()

Further Information

Page created : 11/07/26 10:09 BST

Page updated : 01/01/70 01:00 BST

radio, arduino

DM41X HP16C Module

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 10 Feb 2026 16:15:00 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X HP16C Module

Keyboard Overlay

Background

The HP16C Programmer's Calculator is made for manipulating numbers in Binary/Octal/Hexadecimal/Decimal to help with programming and other areas that rely on the nitty-gritty of bit-twiddling.

Swiss Micros make a modern hardware emulation (similar in form to the DM15L I already own) but rather than adding another calculator to my (growing) collection I found there is a ROM/Module method to add all (and more) the same features to the DM41X (and presumably the HP41, if you can find a hardware ROM plugin with it).

I occasionally need to do some conversions/calculations into Hex and Binary (thinking of TCP/IP networking, subnet masks etc. or perhaps debugging RS232 serial data, or when writing rig control software?) and being able to do everything on the DM41X (along with the Complex Number module) means the DM41X will become even more useful day-to-day.

The manual for the HP16C Module hp_16c_emulator_manual.pdf

The versions of modules I'm using : hp-16c_rev.1a.zip

The HP16C

The HP16C Manual : https://literature.hpcalc.org/community/hp16c-oh-en.pdf

The DM16L

https://www.swissmicros.com/product/dm16l

I bought a DM16L in August 2022

Basic Operation

Like the 41Z Complex Number module, a USER keyboard assignment is made to a trigger command which then automagically re-maps the whole keyboard for one command, then it reverts to normal. A mental image of the re-mapped keyboard starts to develop with use, making operation easier with time.

I've assigned the LN key to the trigger command 16C for the USER keyboard

SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT 1 SHIFT 6 C ALPHA LN

User Keyboard comments

With USER keyboard active I generally won't miss the loss of LN as I rarely use it.

If I do need LN I can simply turn off the USER keyboard.

The same applies for using the ∑+ key for entering Statistical Data - it's assigned to the Complex Keyboard trigger ΣZL.

I won't ever be using statistics at the same time as complex numbers (or HP16C functions).

The USER keyboard can generally remain active all the time except when I want to do statistics or calculate a natural logarithm. Two easy sacrificed keys. Are there others I can do without for additional assignments to frequently used functions or modules?

I've noticed that it's possible to assign the 16C command to the ∑+ key.

This allows a single key to be used both to trigger 16C mode, and then to trigger input mode 16NPT.

It means less hopping around.

The ∑+ key is doing double duty but ∑+ ∑+ seems a little more user friendly than LN∑+ for inputting numbers.

SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT 1 SHIFT 6 C ALPHA ∑+

16KEYS?

16KEYS? info

I played with the LADYBUG module recently ( see DM41X Ladybug Module ) and enjoyed the more “immediate” keyboard input - with the whole keyboard re-mapped while using the module (in “INTEGER” mode). No need to preface each instruction with a trigger to enable the special keyboard for one command at a time.

I found that the HP16C Module can be switched to “full-time” 16KEYS mode too….

You need to get to the ∑BITS launcher and then select Y (for 16KEYS) and answer Y or N.

The 16KEYS function can't be reached any other way, that I've found. The simplest way is to use the DM41X CST menu to run the 16C ∑MOD launcher, then press SHIFT to switch to the ∑BITS launcher, then select Y (for 16KEYS).

You'll need to enable USER key mode, and then the 16C module can be used without the the need to trigger every command with 16C (normally ASN'd to LN key).

You still need to use 16NPT to input numbers (this is mapped to the A (∑+) key. Otherwise most things are just more intuitive. No need to use 16C before an arithmetic operation like + or - etc.

Example

Switch to BIN view

B

Enter a binary number 10111011

16NPT10111011ENTER

Convert to HEX

E

H: bb

Convert to DEC

D

d: 187

Enter a Decimal Number 23

16NPT23ENTER

d : 23

Add them

+

d: 210

Convert to BIN

B

b: 11010010

Much more intuitive….

Select the Base

USER keyboard active.

16C is USER assigned to LN - referred to as 16C hereafter.

I'll use the alpha letter for the top-row keys to describe them for Base Selection

16C B = BINARY

16C C = OCTAL

16C D = DECIMAL

16C E = HEX

Enter a number

HEX

Enter HEX value 5F

Use the 16NPT function which lives on the Σ+ button (it switches from the complex assigned ΣZL to 16NPT when the 16C is invoked)

16C E (to get into HEX mode)

16C 16NPT 5 F ENTER

Convert to BIN

16C B gives 1011111

Enter a new BIN number

16C 16NPT (i.e. Σ+) 1101100 ENTER

Add them together

16C + gives 11001011

Convert to HEX

16C E gives Cb

Convert to DEC

16C D gives 203

always enter numbers with 16C 16NPT the number ENTER

always use the 16 versions of mathematical functions

16C +

16C X

etc.

NOT, OR, AND, XOR

These are on shifted (and triggered with 16C) math keys:

- = NOT

+ = OR

x = AND

÷ = XOR

Example, in binary….

AND two numbers:

11011101 AND 10001001 →

16C B (to get into Binary mode if needed)

16C 16NPT 11011101 ENTER

16C 16NPT 10001001 ENTER

16C SHIFT X gives 10001001

In HEX…. XOR →

16C E (to get into HEX)

16C 16NPT BEEF ENTER (first number) (make sure at least 16-bit word size for this example Word Size

16C 16NPT CAFE ENTER (second number)

16C SHIFT ÷ (XOR) gives 7411

Convert answer to DEC

16C D gives 29713

Convert answer to BIN

16C B gives a long string of 1 and 0 that scroll across the screen…

Window

View the long BIN number using a WINDOW to look at 8 bits at a time…

16C SHIFT R/S

This asks WINDOW _ and enter 0 for the 1^st (MSB) 8 bits:

W0: 11101000:b

Scroll to sequential WINDOW slices with + and - →

+ →

W1: 0010001:b

+ →

W2: :b

The full 16-bit number is therefore:

111010000010001

Setting Word Size and negative number convention

The word size can be up to 64 bits. In general most stuff is 4, 8 or 16 bits wide, so you can set the size of the binary number in the ∑MOD launcher:

16C USR (one of several different ways of getting to ∑MOD)

16KEYS methods

There is then a choice of settings

B:O:D:H:F - 0: 1:2:W:S:?

The first four can set the mode to Binary, Octal, Decimal, Float.

0 sets UNSIGNED integers
1 sets ONE'S COMPLEMENT
2 sets TWO'S COMPLEMENT

Word size is checked with S

Word size is set with W then enter (eg) 16 to set 16-bit words.

Word Size can also be set directly from a 16C keyboard function 16WSZ accessed via 16C SHIFT 5 rather than via the ∑MOD menu/launcher

? displays the current settings (press ? then quickly press and hold it to read the displayed info)

0c - 16 - DEC

This means unsigned integers, 16-bit words, DECIMAL mode.

Other Launchers

Lots of functions are available in launcher sub-menus, eg a menu of rotate functions, or shift functions.

The various launchers are available cyclically via the 16C XEQ along with SHIFT and A

Some trial and error is needed to find what you want, but it starts:

16C XEQ → R: L LN RN R which is a menu to do bit-rotations.

Rotate 1-bit Left by pressing top-row button B

Rotate N-bits left with top-row button C (and enter the number of bits)

Rotate N-bits Right with top-row button D (and enter the number of bits)

Rotate 1-bit Right with top-row button E.

From the R menu:

A give the S: L LN RN R menu to SHIFT bits Left or Right

From the S menu:

XEQ gives ∑R : …………………. which gives lots of options to do things rightwards with the bits. list them

This goes on via XEQ and SHIFT (ORANGE button) to access several menu launchers. Trial and Error and muscle memory.

A brief map/list of launchers

16CXEQ → ∑ROT

∑ROT → XEQ → ∑LEFT → XEQ → ∑MOD → XEQ → ∑ROT

∑ROT → A → ∑SHF

∑SHF → XEQ → ∑RIGHT → XEQ → ∑BIT → XEQ → ∑SHF

∑LEFT ↔ SHIFT ↔ ∑RIGHT

∑MOD ↔ SHIFT ↔ ∑BIT

∑SHF ↔ SHIFT ↔ S“:

∑ROT ↔ SHIFT ↔ RC:

Registers etc

Numbers can be saved in 16C registers via 16C STO NN

e.g. save a subnet mask of 11111100 into 16C REG 00 (i.e. the last octet of a /30 network 255.255.255.252)

16C B (go to BINARY mode)

16C 16NPT 11111100 ENTER 16C STO 00

Use the stored value

What is 123 AND MASK ? (what's the network base number for host address of 123 using a netmask of 252?)

16C D (decimal so you can enter 123 rather than a BINARY number)

16C 16NPT 123 ENTER

recall mask (it doesn't matter that it was initially stored as a BINARY number, it's displayed in whatever base you are currently using)

16C RCL 00

AND them

16C SHIFT x

answer is 120

The MASK is still in 16-Register 00 if needed again….

Net address of a host with address 43?

16C D

16C 16NPT 43 ENTER

16C RCL 00

16C SHIFT x

answer : 40

xxx.xxx.xxx.43 has a network address of xxx.xxx.xxx.40

Most Used Functions

16C = LN (i.e. E on top-row)

16NPT = ∑+ (i.e. A on top-row, must be triggered with 16C) ²⁾

16C 16NPT type in a number ENTER (enter a number in whatever base is currently selected)

BIN OCT DEC HEX = 16C then one of top-row buttons B, C, D, E (select the required base)

∑MOD = 16C USR …. or 16C SHIFT 2 (open a settings menu to set the choice of mode/word/signed)

NOT / OR / AND / XOR = 16C SHIFT then one of - + x ÷ (logic functions)

RL / RR = 16C then one of SIN or COS (rotate Left or Right 1-bit)

RLN / RRN = 16C SHIFT then one of SIN or COS (rotate Left or Right N-bits _ _)

SLN = 16C TAN (shift Left N-bits _ _)

SRN = 16C SHIFT TAN (shift Right N-bits _ _)

Sb = 16C SHIFT 7 (set a bit _ _)

Cb = 16C SHIFT 8 (clear a bit _ _)

B? = 16C SHIFT 9 (is a bit _ _ set or not?)

#BITS = 16C SHIFT ∑+ (i.e. A on top-row) (how many bits are high?)

See Keyboard Overlay Pic above for more hints on 16C key assignments

EVERYTHING STARTS WITH ''16C''

It is recommended to change the assigned key occasionally to prevent wearing it out…..

DM15L Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 16 Apr 2026 15:01:20 +0000

←Programs

DM15L Progs

Dumps taken from the DM15L using a serial console session in Putty.

DM15L Startup Keys & Serial Console

Stock Swiss Micros Firmware

Dumps are also converted to readable program listings using the Swiss Micros online encode/decode tool at https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/nut/

Normal + "Complex Z to....."

LBL E converts Z=R±jX to RL, SWR, |ρ|∠ρ, |Z|∠Z

Data input :

if Z = R + j X, put R in Y-stack and X in X-stack and then run LBL E

R ENTER
X (and CHS as needed)
F
E

Results appear:

Stack X → Return Loss
Stack Y → SWR
Stack Z → (Re) |ρ| (Im) ∠ρ
Stack T → (Re) |Z| (Im) ∠Z

DM15_M1B
04  000000fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000996010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf8befbe2280  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  91000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  02875000000998
14  f0000000000000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000002ef  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01900000000001
1c  02232142865997  01800000000002  02232142865997  01004474273000
20  05302556024001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
ec  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  0000000000b237
f0  36a43433a43231  44db43e1a43433  42db41e1a43231  47c3fcf0f2bc35
f4  46fda5cff185cf  f145b3db44db43  fdfaf0f5a43231  fbf0f5a4323141
f8  c5420eb23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 000000fffff000  B: 000000fffffeae  C: 00000996010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 00000000000000  G: 04

Decoded Dump

001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32
052  LBL E        | 42,21,15
053  STO 2        |    44  2
054  x<>y         |       34
055  STO 1        |    44  1
056  RCL 1        |    45  1
057  RCL 2        |    45  2
058  I            |   42  25
059  5            |        5
060  0            |        0
061  -            |       30
062  RCL 1        |    45  1
063  RCL 2        |    45  2
064  I            |   42  25
065  5            |        5
066  0            |        0
067  +            |       40
068  /            |       10
069  STO 3        |    44  3
070  Re<>Im       |   42  30
071  STO 4        |    44  4
072  Re<>Im       |   42  30
073  ABS          |   43  16
074  STO 5        |    44  5
075  1            |        1
076  RCL+5        | 45,40, 5
077  1            |        1
078  RCL-5        | 45,30, 5
079  /            |       10
080  STO 6        |    44  6
081  RCL 5        |    45  5
082  LOG          |   43  13
083  2            |        2
084  0            |        0
085  *            |       20
086  CHS          |       16
087  STO 7        |    44  7
088  RCL 1        |    45  1
089  RCL 2        |    45  2
090  I            |   42  25
091  ->P          |     43 1
092  STO 1        |    44  1
093  Re<>Im       |   42  30
094  STO 2        |    44  2
095  RCL 3        |    45  3
096  RCL 4        |    45  4
097  I            |   42  25
098  ->P          |     43 1
099  STO 3        |    44  3
100  Re<>Im       |   42  30
101  STO 4        |    44  4
102  RCL 1        |    45  1
103  RCL 2        |    45  2
104  I            |   42  25
105  RCL 3        |    45  3
106  RCL 4        |    45  4
107  I            |   42  25
108  RCL 6        |    45  6
109  RCL 7        |    45  7
110  RTN          |   43  32

"Normal"

### 27/7/22 ####
# This is the usual set of 3 useful tool progs I have in the DM15L for quick calculation/conversion
# of antenna parameters.
#

Ref Power ENTER Fwd Power fA → SWR x<>y RL
SWR fB → Return Loss
Return Loss fC → SWR

DM15_M1B
00  03400000000001  01000000000001  08000000000000  00000000000000
04  155000000ff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf0bde7aa28f  000080bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  01000000000001  00000000000000  03400000000001
14  f7365289440000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000004f8  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265622000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f8  000000b23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 155000000ff000  B: 155000000ffeae  C: 00002000010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 05500000000001  G: 06

Decoded dump

LBL C
20

/
10^x
STO 2
1
+
RCL 2
1
-
/
RTN
LBL B
STO 2
1
-
RCL 2
1
+
/
LOG
20

*
CHS
RTN
LBL A
/
sqrt
STO 2
1
RCL+2
1
RCL-2
/
STO 3
1
-
RCL 3
1
+
/
LOG
20

CHS
*
STO 4
RCL 3
RTN

001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32

N-Queens Benchmark 27/7/22

DM15_M1B
00  08000000000000  08000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
04  065140fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000999eae
08  00000000000000  22af8d9e7e0080  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  08000000000000  08000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000
14  f0000000000537  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f7  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  04000000000000
1c  01000000000000  03000000000000  06000000000000  02000000000000
20  07000000000000  05000000000000  00000000000000  08000000000000
24  08760000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f4  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  b25104137030a0
f8  dff1117086bddf  f19730031276fb  3930b313ecfb86  c4973986973010
fc  ec39a9dff10249  3091dff1019650  973080dff11475  50300060f8a50a
A: 065140fffff000  B: 065140fffffeae  C: 00000000999eae
S: 00000000000000
M: aaaaaaaaaaaaaa  N: 06514000000000  G: 04

Decoded Dump

LBL A
CLR_REG
8
STO .0
LBL 0
RCL 0
RCL .0
TEST 5
GTO 4
1
STO+0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL .0
STO (i)
LBL 1
1
STO+.1
RCL 0
STO 9
LBL 2
1
STO-9
RCL 9
x=0
GTO 0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL (i)
RCL 9
STO I
R_down
RCL (i)
-
x=0
GTO 3
ABS
RCL 0
RCL 9
-
TEST 6
GTO 2
LBL 3
RCL 0
STO I
1
STO-(i)
RCL (i)
TEST 0
GTO 1
1
STO-0
RCL 0
TEST 0
GTO 3
LBL 4
RCL .1
RTN

001  LBL A        | 42,21,11
002  CLR_REG      |   42  34
003  8            |        8
004  STO .0       |    44 .0
005  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
006  RCL 0        |    45  0
007  RCL .0       |    45 .0
008  TEST 5       | 43,30, 5
009  GTO 4        |    22  4
010  1            |        1
011  STO+0        | 44,40, 0
012  RCL 0        |    45  0
013  STO I        |   44  25
014  RCL .0       |    45 .0
015  STO (i)      |   44  24
016  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
017  1            |        1
018  STO+.1       | 44,40,.1
019  RCL 0        |    45  0
020  STO 9        |    44  9
021  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
022  1            |        1
023  STO-9        | 44,30, 9
024  RCL 9        |    45  9
025  x=0          |   43  20
026  GTO 0        |    22  0
027  RCL 0        |    45  0
028  STO I        |   44  25
029  RCL (i)      |   45  24
030  RCL 9        |    45  9
031  STO I        |   44  25
032  R_down       |       33
033  RCL (i)      |   45  24
034  -            |       30
035  x=0          |   43  20
036  GTO 3        |    22  3
037  ABS          |   43  16
038  RCL 0        |    45  0
039  RCL 9        |    45  9
040  -            |       30
041  TEST 6       | 43,30, 6
042  GTO 2        |    22  2
043  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
044  RCL 0        |    45  0
045  STO I        |   44  25
046  1            |        1
047  STO-(i)      | 44,30,24
048  RCL (i)      |   45  24
049  TEST 0       | 43,30, 0
050  GTO 1        |    22  1
051  1            |        1
052  STO-0        | 44,30, 0
053  RCL 0        |    45  0
054  TEST 0       | 43,30, 0
055  GTO 3        |    22  3
056  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
057  RCL .1       |    45 .1
058  RTN          |   43  32

Savage Benchmark 23/01/26

DM15_M1B
00  01000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000  00000000000000
04  32499970322000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40997997010eae
08  00000000000000  3ebeefb6e4228f  e79282e8bc2ac0  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  08000000000000  06000000000000  02498970322003
14  f0000000000504  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001fc  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  06000000000000
1c  04000000000000  07000000000000  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
fc  000000000000b2  1b82fac9b9cbbb  caba0bc1c1c1f1  40f9f9f4f2e80a
A: 32499970322000  B: 32499970322eae  C: 40997997010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 02499970322003  G: 09

UPDATED "Butterworth" program 12/2/22

############################
#
#  Updated 12/2/22 : change to reduce amount of looping/storing 
#  Sub routine "LBL 8" changed
DM15_M1B
00  05108827280994  05000000000999  05000000000999  00000000000000
04  24547fff912000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00012012012eae
08  00000000000000  b6000a9eda000f  e6220040000000  00000000000000
10  07000000000000  05108827295994  08007000000000  05000000000001
14  f0000000012435  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000006f1  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00300  07293277408990
1c  01261776142994  04547284088990  01261776142994  07293277408990
20  05108827280994  01103787069994  04026420096990  08509227540993
24  02583151782990  04031222906993  05481145266989  07025940305993
28  09506412356989  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
2c  03500000000006  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  00b2fcf2c7fdfc  f230fcf0f8f1fb  f1fcf200171195
f4  96ce50ff20eb87  012640b340ff72  c56930ff83ff0a  17b2139596fdf0
f8  f52805b2139596  fcf0f5280410ff  1950ffa3fdf2eb  87032607b297fa
fc  f1fdf0f0f0f130  06b21514ec00ff  b21415ec09b2fd  fcb6fcf2598608
A: 24547fff912000  B: 24547fff912eae  C: 00012012012eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 05108827280994  N: 04547284088990  G: 23

Dump above decoded at Swiss micros

001  LBL 8        | 42,21, 8
002  RCL (i)      |   45  24
003  RCL .9       |    45 .9
004  2            |        2
005  *            |       20
006  PI           |   43  26
007  *            |       20
008  /            |       10
009  RTN          |   43  32
010  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
011  x=0          |   43  20
012  GTO 5        |    22  5
013  GTO 4        |    22  4
014  RTN          |   43  32
015  LBL .0       | 42,21,.0
016  x=0          |   43  20
017  GTO 4        |    22  4
018  GTO 5        |    22  5
019  RTN          |   43  32
020  LBL 6        | 42,21, 6
021  RCL 0        |    45  0
022  1            |        1
023  0            |        0
024  0            |        0
025  0            |        0
026  /            |       10
027  1            |        1
028  +            |       40
029  STO I        |   44  25
030  RTN          |   43  32
031  LBL 7        | 42,21, 7
032  GSB 6        |    32  6
033  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
034  RCL I        |   45  25
035  INT          |   43  44
036  2            |        2
037  /            |       10
038  FRAC         |   42  44
039  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
040  GTO 9        |    22  9
041  GTO .0       |    22 .0
042  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
043  GSB 8        |    32  8
044  5            |        5
045  0            |        0
046  *            |       20
047  STO (i)      |   44  24
048  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
049  GTO 3        |    22  3
050  RTN          |   43  32
051  LBL 5        | 42,21, 5
052  GSB 8        |    32  8
053  5            |        5
054  0            |        0
055  /            |       10
056  STO (i)      |   44  24
057  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
058  GTO 3        |    22  3
059  RTN          |   43  32
060  GTO 7        |    22  7
061  LBL A        | 42,21,11
062  ENG 3        | 42, 9, 3
063  SF 0         | 43, 4, 0
064  STO .9       |    44 .9
065  x<>y         |       34
066  TEST 2       | 43,30, 2
067  CF 0         | 43, 5, 0
068  ABS          |   43  16
069  STO 0        |    44  0
070  GSB 6        |    32  6
071  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
072  RCL I        |   45  25
073  INT          |   43  44
074  GSB 0        |    32  0
075  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
076  1/x          |       15
077  STO (i)      |   44  24
078  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
079  GTO 1        |    22  1
080  GTO 7        |    22  7
081  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
082  2            |        2
083  *            |       20
084  1            |        1
085  -            |       30
086  1            |        1
087  8            |        8
088  0            |        0
089  *            |       20
090  RCL 0        |    45  0
091  2            |        2
092  *            |       20
093  /            |       10
094  SIN          |       23
095  2            |        2
096  *            |       20
097  RTN          |   43  32

Dump

################################

DM15_M1B
00  01040000000003  01750000000002  01750000000002  00000000000000
04  08200000910000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000009eae
08  00000000000000  2faf8bf9fe2280  be220040bcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  06283185308000
14  f7365289446075  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f2  000000000003ff
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01924950591000
1c  01924950591000  01000000000001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  00000000000000  b23344fcc3f0f2  bcfdfaf133fbf1
f4  43fda2cff182cf  f142cafd0ab2c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  32fbf1420bb2fd
f8  fbf132faf142cc  fdf0f20cb2fcf0  f1bcfdc3f3c6f1  fdf0f5ba0db2ca
fc  fcf0f5fcc3f3c6  f1ccfdf0f10eb2  c3fcf0f2bcfdfa  f1c5fbf1c1c100
A: 08200000910000  B: 08200000910eae  C: 00002000009eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 00000000000990  N: 08200000000990  G: 19

Dump above decoded @ Swiss Micros

# https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/nut/
#
001  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
002  ENTER        |       36
003  ENTER        |       36
004  1            |        1
005  -            |       30
006  x<>y         |       34
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  /            |       10
010  LOG          |   43  13
011  2            |        2
012  0            |        0
013  *            |       20
014  CHS          |       16
015  RTN          |   43  32
016  LBL E        | 42,21,15
017  1            |        1
018  0            |        0
019  /            |       10
020  10^x         |       13
021  1            |        1
022  EEX          |       26
023  3            |        3
024  CHS          |       16
025  *            |       20
026  5            |        5
027  0            |        0
028  *            |       20
029  sqrt         |       11
030  RTN          |   43  32
031  LBL D        | 42,21,14
032  x^2          |   43  11
033  5            |        5
034  0            |        0
035  /            |       10
036  1            |        1
037  EEX          |       26
038  3            |        3
039  CHS          |       16
040  /            |       10
041  LOG          |   43  13
042  1            |        1
043  0            |        0
044  *            |       20
045  RTN          |   43  32
046  LBL C        | 42,21,13
047  2            |        2
048  0            |        0
049  /            |       10
050  10^x         |       13
051  STO 2        |    44  2
052  1            |        1
053  +            |       40
054  RCL 2        |    45  2
055  1            |        1
056  -            |       30
057  /            |       10
058  RTN          |   43  32
059  LBL B        | 42,21,12
060  STO 2        |    44  2
061  1            |        1
062  -            |       30
063  RCL 2        |    45  2
064  1            |        1
065  +            |       40
066  /            |       10
067  LOG          |   43  13
068  2            |        2
069  0            |        0
070  *            |       20
071  CHS          |       16
072  RTN          |   43  32
073  LBL A        | 42,21,11
074  /            |       10
075  sqrt         |       11
076  STO 2        |    44  2
077  1            |        1
078  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
079  1            |        1
080  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
081  /            |       10
082  STO 3        |    44  3
083  1            |        1
084  -            |       30
085  RCL 3        |    45  3
086  1            |        1
087  +            |       40
088  /            |       10
089  LOG          |   43  13
090  2            |        2
091  0            |        0
092  CHS          |       16
093  *            |       20
094  STO 4        |    44  4
095  RCL 3        |    45  3
096  RTN          |   43  32

Dump

######################################################


DM15
00  01544068044001  01544068044001  01544068044001  00000000000000
04  1154407ffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000000eae
08  00000000000000  362f0d9e8a808f  00000000002a00  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  02000000000001
14  f0000000000027  c0d2d2d2d2d2d2  000000000004f8  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  00000000000000
c0  01406828223000  01406828223000  01544068044001  00000000000000
f8  000000b23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 1154407ffff000  B: 1154407ffffeae  C: 00000000000eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 15440680436000  N: 01544068044001  G: 04

Decode of Dump above

#
001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32
########################################################################

Dump 23/12/21

### 23/12/21
# A = Stack Y -> Ref, Stack X ->Fwd -> [f][A] -> Stack Y = RL, Stack X = SWR
# B = SWR -> RL
# C = RL -> SWR
# D = PiAttn : (y = attn, x = Zo) -> [f][D] -> (y = series R, x = shunt Rs)
# E = Fibonacci Number x = n -> f(n)
# 


DM15_M1B
00  03400000000001  01000000000001  08000000000000  00000000000000
04  155000000ff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf0bde7aa28f  000080bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  01000000000001  00000000000000  03400000000001
14  f7365289446057  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001f1  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265622000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  000000000000b2  3344fcc3f0f2bc  fdfaf133fbf143
f4  fda2cff182cff1  42cafd0ab2c3fc  f0f2bcfdfaf132  fbf1420bb2fdfb
f8  f132faf142ccfd  f0f20cb2333444  c0cffdc2cff2fb  ba32f143c0cffd
fc  a2cff182cff142  ccfdc3f0f241c5  400db21182c5b1  fa01f0c1f1400e
A: 155000000ff000  B: 155000000ffeae  C: 00002000010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 05500000000001  G: 06

Decode of dump above

# 
#
001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  STO 0        |    44  0
003  1            |        1
004  ENTER        |       36
005  0            |        0
006  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
007  +            |       40
008  LSTx         |   43  36
009  x<>y         |       34
010  DSE 0        | 42, 5, 0
011  GTO 1        |    22  1
012  RTN          |   43  32
013  LBL D        | 42,21,14
014  STO 0        |    44  0
015  x<>y         |       34
016  STO 1        |    44  1
017  2            |        2
018  0            |        0
019  CHS          |       16
020  /            |       10
021  10^x         |       13
022  STO 2        |    44  2
023  1            |        1
024  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
025  1            |        1
026  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
027  /            |       10
028  RCL*0        | 45,20, 0
029  STO 3        |    44  3
030  1            |        1
031  RCL 2        |    45  2
032  x^2          |   43  11
033  -            |       30
034  2            |        2
035  RCL*2        | 45,20, 2
036  /            |       10
037  RCL*0        | 45,20, 0
038  STO 4        |    44  4
039  RCL 4        |    45  4
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  RTN          |   43  32
042  LBL C        | 42,21,13
043  2            |        2
044  0            |        0
045  /            |       10
046  10^x         |       13
047  STO 2        |    44  2
048  1            |        1
049  +            |       40
050  RCL 2        |    45  2
051  1            |        1
052  -            |       30
053  /            |       10
054  RTN          |   43  32
055  LBL B        | 42,21,12
056  STO 2        |    44  2
057  1            |        1
058  -            |       30
059  RCL 2        |    45  2
060  1            |        1
061  +            |       40
062  /            |       10
063  LOG          |   43  13
064  2            |        2
065  0            |        0
066  *            |       20
067  CHS          |       16
068  RTN          |   43  32
069  LBL A        | 42,21,11
070  /            |       10
071  sqrt         |       11
072  STO 2        |    44  2
073  1            |        1
074  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
075  1            |        1
076  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
077  /            |       10
078  STO 3        |    44  3
079  1            |        1
080  -            |       30
081  RCL 3        |    45  3
082  1            |        1
083  +            |       40
084  /            |       10
085  LOG          |   43  13
086  2            |        2
087  0            |        0
088  CHS          |       16
089  *            |       20
090  STO 4        |    44  4
091  RCL 3        |    45  3
092  RTN          |   43  32
=======================================================================
#

Dump 10/2/22

#
#    10 Feb 2022
#    Butterworth Filter designer
#    enter filter order (n) into Y register (+ = HPF, - = LPF) , 
#    enter Freq into X register
#    execute program with [f] [A]
#    Values for each component are obtained from registers R1 -> Rn 

DM15_M1B
00  02251666050002  03218976343993  03218976343993  00000000000000
04  16640fff000000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00012012012eae
08  00000000000000  36800bdf7e820f  bef20200000000  00000000000000
10  05000000000000  03218976343993  06005000000000  02000000000000
14  f0000000012377  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00300  04918158214989
1c  09947183945992  04918158214989  03218976343993  01103787069994
20  04547284088990  01103787069994  04026420096990  08509227540993
24  02583151782990  04031222906993  05481145266989  07025940305993
28  09506412356989  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
2c  04000000000007  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2fcf2c7fd  fcf230fcf0f8f1  fbf1fcf2001811  9596ce50ff20eb
f4  87012640b340ff  72c56930ff83ff  0a17129596fdfc  b6fcf25986eb87
f8  022608b2139596  fdf0f58605b213  9596fcf0f58604  10ff1950ffa3fd
fc  f2eb87032607b2  97faf1fdf0f0f0  f13006b21514ec  00ffb21415ec09
A: 16640fff000000  B: 16640fff000eae  C: 00012012012eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 02000000000001  N: 06639528095001  G: 23

Decode of dump above

=====================================================================
001  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
002  x=0          |   43  20
003  GTO 5        |    22  5
004  GTO 4        |    22  4
005  RTN          |   43  32
006  LBL .0       | 42,21,.0
007  x=0          |   43  20
008  GTO 4        |    22  4
009  GTO 5        |    22  5
010  RTN          |   43  32
011  LBL 6        | 42,21, 6
012  RCL 0        |    45  0
013  1            |        1
014  0            |        0
015  0            |        0
016  0            |        0
017  /            |       10
018  1            |        1
019  +            |       40
020  STO I        |   44  25
021  RTN          |   43  32
022  LBL 7        | 42,21, 7
023  GSB 6        |    32  6
024  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
025  RCL I        |   45  25
026  INT          |   43  44
027  2            |        2
028  /            |       10
029  FRAC         |   42  44
030  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
031  GTO 9        |    22  9
032  GTO .0       |    22 .0
033  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
034  RCL (i)      |   45  24
035  5            |        5
036  0            |        0
037  *            |       20
038  STO (i)      |   44  24
039  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
040  GTO 3        |    22  3
041  RTN          |   43  32
042  LBL 5        | 42,21, 5
043  RCL (i)      |   45  24
044  5            |        5
045  0            |        0
046  /            |       10
047  STO (i)      |   44  24
048  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
049  GTO 3        |    22  3
050  RTN          |   43  32
051  LBL 8        | 42,21, 8
052  GSB 6        |    32  6
053  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
054  RCL I        |   45  25
055  INT          |   43  44
056  RCL (i)      |   45  24
057  RCL .9       |    45 .9
058  2            |        2
059  *            |       20
060  PI           |   43  26
061  *            |       20
062  /            |       10
063  STO (i)      |   44  24
064  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
065  GTO 2        |    22  2
066  GTO 7        |    22  7
067  LBL A        | 42,21,11
068  ENG 3        | 42, 9, 3
069  SF 0         | 43, 4, 0
070  STO .9       |    44 .9
071  x<>y         |       34
072  TEST 2       | 43,30, 2
073  CF 0         | 43, 5, 0
074  ABS          |   43  16
075  STO 0        |    44  0
076  GSB 6        |    32  6
077  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
078  RCL I        |   45  25
079  INT          |   43  44
080  GSB 0        |    32  0
081  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
082  1/x          |       15
083  STO (i)      |   44  24
084  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
085  GTO 1        |    22  1
086  GTO 8        |    22  8
087  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
088  2            |        2
089  *            |       20
090  1            |        1
091  -            |       30
092  1            |        1
093  8            |        8
094  0            |        0
095  *            |       20
096  RCL 0        |    45  0
097  2            |        2
098  *            |       20
099  /            |       10
100  SIN          |       23
101  2            |        2
102  *            |       20
103  RTN          |   43  32

Dump 07/02/25

###############
# 7 Feb 2025
# LBL A = y : ref/ x : fwd fA -> y : RL / x : SWR
# LBL B = SWR -> RL
# LBL C = RL -> SWR
# LBL D = Gas calc (tare ENTER gross ENTER cylinder "full gas weight" (i.e. 6/13/19kg) f D -> percentage full
# LBL E = DTT Freq <-> Channel conversion

DM15_M1B
00  09806650000000  02200000000001  03060000000002  00000000000000
04  066261ff934000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000991000eae
08  00000000000000  39a287df7e2200  dba00240000000  00000000000000
10  01579783596001  01579783596001  00000000000000  08000000000000
14  f0000000000014  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265619000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2fdfbf1c5  faf1c1c1ccfdf0  f20cb2c3fcf0f2  bcfdfaf1c5fbf1
f4  c1c10bb23344c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
f8  0ab2fcf0f0f1fd  32fbc531fcf4f5  f4c0fafdf6f1fc  f0f0f1a3c5ebc1
fc  40c441c4420db2  faf6f0f3fcf809  b2fdf8fbf6f0f3  1978c5f6f0f30e
A: 066261ff934000  B: 066261ff934eae  C: 00000991000eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 03060000000002  N: 06626070150966  G: 04

Work Tools 23/01/26

###################################
#
#   Label A = DTT : Freq / Channel conversion
#   Label B = Gas : Tare/Gross/Size to calculate percentage-full
#   Label C = Return Loss to SWR conversion
#   Label D = SWR to Return Loss conversion
#   Label E = Reflected & Forward power to Return Loss and SWR calculation

DM15_M1B
00  03060000000002  04925000000001  04925000000001  00000000000000
04  2698000000f000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002001001eae
08  00000000000000  bfaf0bfe7e228f  02f082bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  04002000000001  03650000000001  06000000000000  03060000000002
14  f0000000000100  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01622214211999
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2faf6f0f3  fcf809b2fdf8fb  f6f0f31978c5f6  f0f30ab2fcf0f0
f4  f1fd32fbc531fc  f4f5f4c0fafdf6  f1fcf0f0f1a3c5  ebc140c441c442
f8  0bb2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf1c5fbf1c1  c10db2fdfbf1c5  faf1c1c1ccfdf0
fc  f20cb23344c3fc  f0f2bcfdfaf133  fbf143fda2cff1  82cff142cafd0e
A: 2698000000f000  B: 2698000000feae  C: 00002001001eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 06980000000000  N: 06980000000002  G: 06

Decoded Dump

001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  /            |       10
003  sqrt         |       11
004  STO 2        |    44  2
005  1            |        1
006  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
007  1            |        1
008  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
009  /            |       10
010  STO 3        |    44  3
011  1            |        1
012  -            |       30
013  RCL 3        |    45  3
014  1            |        1
015  +            |       40
016  /            |       10
017  LOG          |   43  13
018  2            |        2
019  0            |        0
020  *            |       20
021  CHS          |       16
022  STO 4        |    44  4
023  RCL 3        |    45  3
024  RTN          |   43  32
025  LBL C        | 42,21,13
026  2            |        2
027  0            |        0
028  /            |       10
029  10^x         |       13
030  ENTER        |       36
031  ENTER        |       36
032  1            |        1
033  +            |       40
034  x<>y         |       34
035  1            |        1
036  -            |       30
037  /            |       10
038  RTN          |   43  32
039  LBL D        | 42,21,14
040  ENTER        |       36
041  ENTER        |       36
042  1            |        1
043  -            |       30
044  x<>y         |       34
045  1            |        1
046  +            |       40
047  /            |       10
048  LOG          |   43  13
049  2            |        2
050  0            |        0
051  *            |       20
052  CHS          |       16
053  RTN          |   43  32
054  LBL B        | 42,21,12
055  STO 2        |    44  2
056  R_down       |       33
057  STO 1        |    44  1
058  R_down       |       33
059  STO 0        |    44  0
060  ENTER        |       36
061  INT          |   43  44
062  x<>y         |       34
063  FRAC         |   42  44
064  1            |        1
065  0            |        0
066  0            |        0
067  *            |       20
068  1            |        1
069  6            |        6
070  /            |       10
071  +            |       40
072  .            |       48
073  4            |        4
074  5            |        5
075  4            |        4
076  *            |       20
077  RCL 1        |    45  1
078  x<>y         |       34
079  -            |       30
080  RCL 2        |    45  2
081  /            |       10
082  1            |        1
083  0            |        0
084  0            |        0
085  *            |       20
086  RTN          |   43  32
087  LBL A        | 42,21,11
088  3            |        3
089  0            |        0
090  6            |        6
091  x<>y         |       34
092  TEST 8       | 43,30, 8
093  GTO 9        |    22  9
094  3            |        3
095  0            |        0
096  6            |        6
097  -            |       30
098  8            |        8
099  /            |       10
100  RTN          |   43  32
101  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
102  8            |        8
103  *            |       20
104  3            |        3
105  0            |        0
106  6            |        6
107  +            |       40
108  RTN          |   43  32

LBL A = DTT MHz or Channel No f A → Channel No or MHz
LBL B = Gas : tare weight ENTER gross kg ENTER cylinder size kg f B → Fill percentage %
LBL C = Return Loss dBf C → SWR
LBL D = SWR f D → Return Loss dB
LBL E = Reflected Power ENTER Forward Power f E → Return Loss dB (y), SWR (x)

Solve with an Integral

from HP34C manual pp233
Solves Bessel function for Bessel-zero mod. index value

DM15_M1B
00  02404827787000  00000000000000  01570796327996  30001fd33ff996
04  024048fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40999997000eae
08  00000000000000  2fbf8db6e42080  00000000000040  00000000000000
10  02404827787000  00000000000000  00000000000000  95139629874993
14  00000000000000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000006fd  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  00000000000000
fc  00000000000000  00b2fdb6c8fc30  c703b2b170a2ed  b333efb6f0400a
A: 024048fffff000  B: 024048fffffeae  C: 40999997000eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 000000000060fd  N: 02404827787000  G: 04


LBL A
STO 0
0
PI
∫ 3
ABS
         // THIS IS A METHOD OF RESTRICTING SOLVE TO A CERTAIN ACCURACY TO REDUCE THE TIME..
x<=y?    // y has the Integration accuracy estimate. We test if our "zero" is <= this. No point in trying further. Limits search time
CLx      // if our current guess for "zero" is better than the integration accuracy estimate we wipe "x" to an "actual" zero so that the SOLVE will complete
x≠0?     // if it wasn't "zero" we replace the last estimate of the integration and the SOLVE continues
LASTx
RTN

LBL 3
SIN
RCL 0
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

be in RAD angle mode
put initial guesses of 0 ENTER 1 and then f SOLVE A
first bessel zero at mod index 2.405

Program dumps for LF15C

Firmware details

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

Start of thread : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046.html
- Serial Port dump info : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046-post-194697.html#pid194697
Serial Port settings
- Rate : 57600
- Data : 8 bit
- Stop : 1 bit
- Parity : None
- Flow Control : None
To extract a dump from calculator press and hold STO
- the non-zero digits can be copy/pasted into a text file for storage
To upload a previously saved dump
- copy it to clipboard and then
- press and hold RCL until the terminal shows Paste PrgMemory:
- in Putty ShiftFnInsert to paste clipboard text into terminal

Butterworth Filter

43 8 17 255 17 19 30 39 103 39 40 86 43 9 118 12 7 5 7 4 86 43 10 118 12 7 4 7 5 86 43 6 17 0 26 25 25 25 40 26 37 13 254 86 43 7 6 6 43 3 17 254 93 30 40 53 115 0 7 9 7 10 43 4 6 8 31 25 39 13 255 75 254 7 3 86 43 5 6 8 31 25 40 13 255 75 254 7 3 86 7 7 43 100 76 3 107 0 13 19 14 118 3 111 0 104 13 0 6 6 43 1 17 254 93 6 0 115 0 20 13 255 75 254 7 1 7 7 43 0 30 39 26 38 26 32 25 39 17 0 30 39 40 11 30 39 86 0

Order n (+ is HPF, - is LPF) → y
Frequency (Hz) → X
fA
Results are in R01 … R0n

Benchmarks

Savage, 8-queens, HP Maths and HP Trig

43 77 31 35 29 30 35 13 0 25 13 2 43 78 17 0 11 91 15 95 19 99 88 8 26 121 2 7 78 86 43 104 25 13 2 26 29 25 26 30 34 27 23 35 13 0 30 29 34 27 31 13 1 43 2 17 1 17 0 39 17 1 38 17 0 40 17 1 39 34 29 31 40 4 26 121 2 7 2 86 43 88 54 32 13 10 43 80 17 0 17 10 118 6 7 84 26 121 0 17 0 13 254 17 10 13 255 43 81 26 121 11 17 0 13 9 43 82 26 122 9 17 9 118 12 7 80 17 0 13 254 17 255 17 9 13 254 10 17 255 38 118 12 7 83 104 17 0 17 9 38 118 7 7 82 43 83 17 0 13 254 26 122 255 17 255 118 1 7 81 26 122 0 17 0 118 1 7 83 43 84 17 11 58 86 43 100 112 30 27 36 36 13 0 26 22 22 22 43 101 84 4 88 8 99 19 37 71 0 7 101 58 86 0

Savage is prog A : fA
8-Queens is prog 88 : f LBL 88
- Both the above use runTime to measure execution time - returns result in y and time in x
HP Museum Maths Benchmark is prog E : fE.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02
HP Museum Trig Benchmark is prog 77 : fLBL 77.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02

Work Tools

43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 17 3 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 31 14 118 8 7 1 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 1 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 0

LBL A = DTT (Channel ↔ Freq )
LBL B = Gas
LBL C = Return Loss → SWR
LBL D = SWR → Return Loss
LBL E = Reflected Power & Forward Power → Return Loss & SWR

Work Tools & Benchmarks

43 55 31 35 29 30 35 13 0 25 13 2 43 56 17 0 11 91 15 95 19 99 88 8 26 121 2 7 56 86 43 44 25 13 2 26 29 25 26 30 34 27 23 35 13 0 30 29 34 27 31 13 1 43 45 17 1 17 0 39 17 1 38 17 0 40 17 1 39 34 29 31 40 4 26 121 2 7 45 86 43 88 54 32 13 10 43 80 17 0 17 10 118 6 7 84 26 121 0 17 0 13 254 17 10 13 255 43 81 26 121 11 17 0 13 9 43 82 26 122 9 17 9 118 12 7 80 17 0 13 254 17 255 17 9 13 254 10 17 255 38 118 12 7 83 104 17 0 17 9 38 118 7 7 82 43 83 17 0 13 254 26 122 255 17 255 118 1 7 81 26 122 0 17 0 118 1 7 83 43 84 17 11 58 86 43 66 112 30 27 36 36 13 0 26 22 22 22 43 67 84 4 88 8 99 19 37 71 0 7 67 58 86 43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 17 3 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 31 14 118 8 7 1 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 1 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 0 0

LBL A = DTT (Channel ↔ Freq )
LBL B = Gas
LBL C = Return Loss → SWR
LBL D = SWR → Return Loss
LBL E = Reflected Power & Forward Power → Return Loss & SWR

Savage is prog is prog 66 : f LBL 66
8-Queens is prog 88 : f LBL 88
- Both the above use runTime to measure execution time - returns result in y and time in x
HP Museum Maths Benchmark is prog is prog 44 : f LBL 44
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02
HP Museum Trig Benchmark is prog 55 : fLBL 55.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02

Dot/Cross/Uvec

43 12 22 104 40 86 43 11 13 99 10 13 98 55 17 99 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 38 30 78 40 86 43 10 13 98 10 13 99 17 98 55 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 37 30 40 86 0 0

* Dot Product of 2 complex numbers in y and x

|Y||X|Cosθ
- Y = Y_re + j Y_im
- X = X_re + j X_im
- Dot Product Y ⋅ X = Y_reX_re + Y_imX_im
Another way without splitting the complex number into its real & imaginary parts
- Dot Product Y ⋅ X = (Y^*.X + Y.X^*) / 2
  - f LBL 10

Cross Product of 2 complex numbers in y and x
- |Y||X|Sinθ
  - Y = Y_re + j Y_im
  - X = X_re + j X_im
  - Cross Product Y ⊗ X = Y_reX_im - Y_imX_re
- Another way without splitting the complex number into its real & imaginary parts
  - Cross Product Y ⊗ X = (Y^*.X - Y.X^*) / 2i
    - f LBL 11

Unit Vector of a complex number in x : f LBL 12

Dot Product

LBL 10
STO 98
R↓
STO 99
RCL 98
f (i)
x
RCL 98
RCL 99
f (i)
x
+
2
/
RTN

Cross Product

LBL 11
STO 99
R↓
STO 98
f (i)
RCL 99
x
RCL 98
RCL 99
f (i)
x
-
2
f Re<>Im
/
RTN

UVEC

LBL 12
ENTER
ABS
/
RTN

Work Tools & Dot/Cross/UVEC

43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 13 4 17 3 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 35 14 118 9 7 9 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 43 9 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 12 22 104 40 86 43 11 13 99 10 13 98 55 17 99 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 38 30 78 40 86 43 10 13 98 10 13 99 17 98 55 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 37 30 40 86 0 0

LBL A = DTT MHz or Channel No f A → Channel No or MHz
LBL B = Gas : tare weight ENTER gross kg ENTER cylinder size kg f B → Fill percentage %
LBL C = Return Loss dBf C → SWR
LBL D = SWR f D → Return Loss dB
LBL E = Reflected Power ENTER Forward Power f E → Return Loss dB (y), SWR (x)

LBL 10 = Dot Product
LBL 11 = Cross Product
LBL 12 = Unit Vector

Solve with an Integral

from HP34C manual pp233
Solves Bessel function for Bessel-zero mod. index value

differs from the DM15L (HP15C) version because the Integration Accuracy estimate is very small so the test of x < = y? will never be true
instead we store a required ACC value (much like in the HP42S/DM42) in R001 and test against this instead

Memory Dump

43 100 13 0 25 103 79 3 104 17 1 118 8 98 118 1 102 86 43 3 11 17 0 39 15 103 40 86 0 0

Code


LBL A
STO 0
0
PI
∫ 3
ABS
RCL 1
x>y? // test if current guess (y) is better (lower) than our required accuracy (x)
CLx   // if it is, we're near enough, put a real zero in x
x≠0   // if it isn't zero we need to continue
LASTx // put back the last guess into x and the SOLVE goes on
RTN


LBL 3
SIN
RCL 0
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

be in RAD angle mode
put your ACC value in R001 (e.g. 0.0001 or 0.00001)
put initial guesses of 1 ENTER 2 and then f SOLVE A
first bessel zero at mod index 2.4048

Integrate Tests

The 12 Integration examples from the PPC ROM handbook section IG

43 12 84 24 26 37 14 24 30 37 39 4 86 43 11 28 16 14 84 24 26 37 4 39 14 24 30 37 26 34 22 30 40 16 40 86 43 10 84 24 26 37 4 86 43 9 30 20 24 16 86 43 8 88 15 86 43 7 35 25 25 103 39 37 4 14 4 37 14 11 84 35 25 25 39 14 40 86 43 6 24 27 37 14 39 4 86 43 5 4 14 26 38 40 14 88 20 38 86 43 4 88 86 43 3 103 39 11 86 43 2 4 86 43 1 27 14 84 26 37 40 86 0 0

SCI04 display mode

12 programs. Set limits and then execute f ∫ prog number

For example for program 1

0 ENTER 1 f ∫ 0 1 gives answer 3.1416

Limits 0 → 1 answer 3.1416
Limits 0 → 1 answer 6.6667 E-1
Limits 0 → 1 answer 6.3662 E-1 (rads mode)
Limits 0 → 1 answer -1.000
Limits 0 → 1 answer 3.6490 E-2
Limits 0 → 2 answer 3.1416
Limits 0 → π answer 2.1102 E1
Limits 0 → 1 answer 5.0000 E-1 (rads mode)
Limits 0 → 1 answer 2.0000
Limits 0 → 1 answer 7.8540 E-1
Limits -1 → 1 answer 2.3857 E-2
Limits -1 → 1 answer 2.2033

Using FIX10 still allows the integrations to complete almost instantly except for Program 8 which takes around 8 seconds!

Dropping to FIX08 and program 8 integration completes almost instantaneously too. Strangely Program 8 has some odd behaviour regarding display precision.

FIX04 → FIX07 → instantaneous answer 0.5000….
FIX08 → instantaneous answer 0.50000….
FIX09 → 8 seconds answer 0.499964689
FIX10 → 8 seconds answer 0.4999747623
FIX11 → 10 seconds answer 0.49999489949
FIX12 → 10 seconds answer 0.499999962001
FIX13 → instantaneous answer 0.5000……
FIX14 → instantaneous answer 0.500000……
FIX15 → instantaneous answer 0.5000000……

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 17:35:39 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 16/04/26 16:01 BST

Further Information

calculator, dm15l, lf15c

Damasko DA36 Tests 1 (2019)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Damasko DA36

Damasko DA36 Tests 1 (2019)

Created Thursday 31 October 2019

Investigation into fault last seen Aug 2018

Fault symptoms from 30/8/18

rate error high (> 30s/d) and dependant on position
amplitude low ≤200°
hand-winding would not increase amplitude or improve random fluctuating rate.

Investigation to confirm fault prior to arranging repair : 30/10/19

wind 40 turns manually & set time: Δ = -0.7s
on wrist 19:00
take TG measurements as auto power builds up over evening

Reference Values for comparison to "Normal" behaviour

Last known full set of amplitude / rate measurements:

16/12/17
Dial up	: 274° : 0
Dial dn	: 278° : 0
6H	: 256° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 263° : 0
9H	: 262° : -2
12H	: 261° : +4
Mean	: -0.7

Last known good “full power” TG rate measurements:

8/3/18 13:30
Dial up	: 291°	: +1
Dial dn	:	: 0
6H	:	: -3	D = -4
3H	:	: +2
9H	:	: 0
12H	:	: +1
Mean	: +0.7

TG measurements 1st day 30/10/19

19:25
Dial up : 231° : -11

20:15
Dial up : 271° : -3
Dial dn : 263° : -3

21:15
Dial up : 282° : -1
Dial dn : 271° : 0

22:15
Dial up : 270° : -2
Dial dn : 259° : -1
6H	: 252° : -6	: D = -4
3H	: 257° : 0
9H	: 241° : -3
12H	: 262° : +1
Mean	: -1.8

23:15
Dial up : 287° : 0
Dial dn : 263° : 0
6H	: 249° : -7	: D = -7
3H	: 271° : 0
9H	: 261° : -3
12H	: 266° : +1
Mean	: -1.5


00:15
Dial up : 302° : 0
Dial dn : 295° : 0
6H	: 260° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 278° : 0
9H	: 271° : 0
12H	: 291° : +1
Mean	: +0.8

TG measurements 2nd day 31/10/19

06:10
Dial up : 272° : -2
Dial dn : 282° : 0
6H	: 249° : -7	: D = -5
3H	: 260° : 0
9H	: 261° : -2
12H	: 259° : +3
Mean	: -1.3


07:10
Dial up : 276° : 0
Dial dn : 275° : +1
6H	: 249° : -5	: D = -5
3H	: 266° : +1
9H	: 252° : -4
12H	: 252° : +2
Mean	: -0.8

08:30
Dial up : 275° : 0
Dial dn : 274° : +2
6H	: 258° : -5	: D = -5
3H	: 264° : +1
9H	: 256° : -1
12H	: 257° : +4
Mean	: -0.16

09:35
Dial up : 279° : -1
Dial dn : 281° : +1
6H	: 266° : -4	: D = -3
3H	: 270° : +1
9H	: 261° : -3
12H	: 267° : +4
Mean	: -0.33

10:30
Dial up : 265° : -2
Dial dn : 261° : 0
6H	: 240° : -8	: D = -6
3H	: 248° : -1
9H	: 236° : -5
12H	: 259° : +3
Mean	: -2.3

13:10
Dial up : 283° : 0
Dial dn : 276° : 0
6H	: 262° : -3	: D = -3
3H	: 258° : +2
9H	: 248° : 0
12H	: 259° : +4
Mean	: +0.5

14:55
Dial up : 278° : -2
Dial dn : 275° : -1
6H	: 257° : -7	: D = -5
3H	: 266° : 0
9H	: 257° : -1
12H	: 266° : +2
Mean	: -1.6

17:10
Dial up : 288° : 0
Dial dn : 277° : 0
6H	: 264° : -3	: D = -3
3H	: 268° : 0
9H	: 261° : -4
12H	: 269° : +2
Mean	: -0.8

21:30
Dial up : 272° : -2
Dial dn : 277° : -1
6H	: 252° : -8	: D = -6
3H	: 262° : -1
9H	: 256° : -4
12H	: 277° : +1
Mean	: -1.8

TG measurements 3rd day 1/11/19

06:00
Dial up : 262° : +1
Dial dn : 260° : +3
6H	: 248° : -4	: D = -5
3H	: 257° : +3
9H	: 251° : 0
12H	: 251° : +7
Mean	: +1.6

16:35
Dial up : 283° : 0
Dial dn : 283° : 0
6H	: 271° : -5	: D = -5
3H	: 271° : 0
9H	: 264° : 0
12H	: 279° : +1
Mean	: -0.6

TG measurements 4rd day 2/11/19

07:45
Dial up : 260° : +1
Dial dn : 268° : +4
6H	: 245° : -5	: D = -6
3H	: 250° : +1
9H	: 249° : 0
12H	: 251° : +3
Mean	: -0.6

16:15
Dial up : 294° : -1
Dial dn : 293° : 0
6H	: 268° : -5	: D = -6
3H	: 266° : 0
9H	: 273° : -2
12H	: 273° : +1
Mean	: -1.6

19:30
Dial up : 299° : -1
Dial dn : 298° : 0
6H	: 267° : -5	: D = -4
3H	: 267° : 0
9H	: 273° : -4
12H	: 272° : +1
Mean	: -1.5

TG measurements 5th day 3/11/19

07:00
Dial up : 258° : +1
Dial dn : 264° : +6
6H	: 251° : -1	: D = -2
3H	: 255° : +1
9H	: 254° : 0
12H	: 251° : +3
Mean	: +1.6

16:10
Dial up : 291° : 0
Dial dn : 281° : 0
6H	: 271° : -4	: D = -4
3H	: 264° : 0
9H	: 259° : -2
12H	: 271° : +3
Mean	: -0.5

21:00
Dial up : 289° : -1
Dial dn : 278° : 0
6H	: 261° : -5	: D = -4
3H	: 262° : 0
9H	: 258° : -1
12H	: 260° : +2
Mean	: -0.8

TG measurements 6th day 4/11/19

06:15
Dial up : 264° : +1
Dial dn : 256° : +3
6H	: 240° : -5	: D = -6
3H	: 249° : 0
9H	: 256° : 0
12H	: 248° : +4
Mean	: +0.5

11:25
Dial up : 292° : 0
Dial dn : 283° : +1
6H	: 267° : -4	: D = -4
3H	: 277° : +1
9H	: 262° : -1
12H	: 268° : +3
Mean	: +0.0

Amplitude vs Position vs Mean Rate

Date     	Time		Du	Dd	6h	3h	9h	12h	Av	M
=============================================================================================	
30/10/19 	22:15		270	259	252	257	241	262	257	-1.8	
30/10/19 	23:15		287	263	249	271	261	266	266	-1.5

31/10/19 	00:15		302	295	260	278	271	291	283	+0.8	
31/10/19 	06:10		272	282	249	260	261	259	263	-1.3
31/10/19 	07:10		276	275	249	266	252	252	262	-0.8
31/10/19 	08:30		275	274	258	264	256	257	263	+0.2
31/10/19 	09:35		279	281	266	270	261	267	271	-0.3
31/10/19 	10:30		265	261	240	248	236	259	252	-2.3
31/10/19 	13:10		283	276	262	258	248	259	264	+0.5
31/10/19 	14:55		278	275	257	266	257	266	267	-1.6
31/10/19 	17:10		288	277	264	268	261	269	271	-0.8
31/10/19 	21:30		272	277	252	262	256	277	266	-1.8

01/11/19 	06:00		262	260	248	257	251	251	255	+1.6
01/11/19 	16:35		283	283	271	271	264	279	275	-0.6

02/11/19 	07:45		260	268	245	250	249	251	254	+0.6
02/11/19	16:15		294	293	268	266	273	273	279	-1.6
02/11/19	19:30		299	298	267	267	273	272	279	-1.5

03/11/19	07:00		258	264	251	255	254	251	256	+1.6
03/11/19	16:10		291	281	271	264	259	270	273	-0.5
03/11/19	21:00		289	278	261	262	258	260	268	-0.8

04/11/19	06:15		264	256	240	249	256	248	252	+0.5
04/11/19	11:25		292	283	267	277	262	268	275	+0.0

Watchcheck data

Date		Time	Δ(s)	Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
31/10/19 	06:17 	-2.2
01/11/19 	06:06 	-4.2	-2.0		-2.0		Dial up overnight
02/11/19 	07:43	-6.7	-2.3		-2.2		Dial up overnight
03/11/19 	06:54	-7.5	-0.8		-1.8		Dial down overnight
04/11/19	06:32	-8.5	-1.0		-1.6		Dial down overnight

TimeGrapher Pseudo-COSC Test

16:00 1/11/19 (Full Power) & 07:45 2/11/19 (After overnight resting dial-up)

M1	-5
M2	-5	Mean 6H	: -5	V1 : 0
M3	+2
M4	+1	Mean 3H	: +1.5	V2 : 1
M5	0
M6	0	Mean 9H	: 0	V3 : 0
M7	+2
M8	+4	Mean DD	: +3	V4 : 2
M9	0
M10	+1	Mean DU : +0.5	V5 : 1
M11	n/a
M12	-5

                         Limit		
M	0	Pass	(+6/-4) 	Mean Daily Rate			: Ave of M1..M10
Vavg	0.8	Pass	(2)		Mean Variation			: Ave of V1..V5
Vmax	2	Pass	(5)		Max Variation 			: Max of V1..V5
D	-5.5	Pass*	(+8/-6) 	Difference Vert-Horiz		: Ave of M1..M2 minus Ave of M9..M10
P	5	Pass	(10)		Largest Variation from mean	: Value of M1.. M10 with largest difference from overall M
R	+0	Pass	(+5/-5) 	Rate Resumption			: M12 minus Ave of M1..M2

Power Reserve Test

Start fully wound : “day 0”

Put on Timegrapher, dial up, to observe rate/amplitude during period of test

ETA 2836-2 spec = 38 hours

Off wrist date time 	:	04/11/19	11:35
Stopped date time	:	05/11/19	21:27
Elapsed time		:	33:52

TG Checks during Power Reserve test, Dial Up

	
Date		Time	Elapsed	Amp	Rate	Δ-NTP
04/11/19	11:35	0:00	279	0	-8.5
04/11/19	14:35	3:00	270	+1		
04/11/19	17:35	6:00	271	0
04/11/19	21:10	8:35	260	0
04/11/19	23:20	11:45	251	0
05/11/19	06:20	18:45	243	0
05/11/19	08:35	21:00	233	-1
05/11/19	09:30	21:55	234	-1	-9.4
05/11/19	13:55	26:20	213	-6
05/11/19	15:00	27:25	212	-7	-10.9
05/11/19	16:45	29:10	203	-10
05/11/19 	17:35	30:00	198	-12
05/11/19	18:35	31:00	191	-14
05/11/19	19:35	32:00	179	-19	-13.3
05/11/19	20:35	33:00	168	-27
05/11/19	21:27	33:52	STOPPED....

Power reserve	:	33:52

DA36Measurements

Created Friday 08 November 2019

8 November 2019

	08/11/19 : 06:15
	Dial up : 254° : -1
	Dial dn : 261° : +4
	6H	: 243° : -6
	3H	: 237° : -1
	9H	: 222° : -6
	12H	: 226° : 0
	D 	: -5
	Mean	: 241° : -1.6

	08/11/19 : 12:45
	Dial up : 284° : 0
	Dial dn : 281° : +1
	6H	: 266° : -3	
	3H	: 263° : 0
	9H	: 259° : -1
	12H	: 266° : +3
	D 	: -3
	Mean	: 270° : 0

	08/11/19 : 23:20
	Dial up : 280° : -2
	Dial dn : 277° : 0
	6H	: 260° : -3	
	3H	: 261° : 0
	9H	: 254° : -2
	12H	: 259° : +3
	D 	: -1
	Mean	: 265° : 0

9th November 2019

09/11/19 : 06:50
Dial up : 256° : +1
Dial dn : 254° : +3
6H	: 230° : -7	
3H	: 227° : -4
9H	: 234° : -2
12H	: 227° : +1
D 	: -8
Mean	: 238° : -1.3

09/11/19 : 13:10
Dial up : 281° : 0
Dial dn : 282° : 0
6H	: 264° : -4	
3H	: 263° : 0
9H	: 268° : 0
12H	: 260° : +3
D 	: -4
Mean	: 270° : -0.2

09/11/19 : 23:00
Dial up : 286° : -2
Dial dn : 280° : 0
6H	: 260° : -6	
3H	: 256° : -2
9H	: 272° : 0
12H	: 263° : +1
D 	: -4
Mean	: 270° : -1.5

10th November 2019

10/11/19 : 07:05
Dial up : 251° : 0
Dial dn : 246° : +1
6H	: 232° : -8	
3H	: 220° : -8
9H	: 230° : -3
12H	: 230° : 0
D 	: -8
Mean	: 236° : -3

10/11/19 : 14:20	
Dial up : 256° : -4
Dial dn : 248° : -5
6H	: 233° : -13	
3H	: 228° : -6
9H	: 227° : -8
12H	: 226° : -5
D 	: -9
Mean	: 236° : -6.8

Wound manually 40 turns:

Dial up	: 238°	: -5
Dial dn	: 234°	: -6
6H	: 225° 	: -14

Amplitude still low…..

Wound manually > 100 turns:

	
Dial up : 263° : -1
Dial dn : 264° : 0
6H	: 244° : -9	
3H	: 245° : -3
9H	: 256° : -2
12H	: 249° : 0
D 	: -8
Mean	: 253° : -5.0

Rate improved but amplitude still low - can't achieve “full wind power”?

10/11/19 : 16:30
Dial up : 274° : 0
Dial dn : 259° : 0
6H	: 238° : -9	
3H	: 250° : -2
9H	: 245° : -3
12H	: 242° : 0
D 	: -9
Mean	: 251° : -2.3

Back to on-wrist for further observations @ 16:50

Amplitude vs position vs mean rate error

	Date     	Time		Du	Dd	6h	3h	9h	12h	Av	M	
	============================================================================================
	08/11/19	06:15		254	261	243	237	222	226	241	-1.6
	08/11/19	12:45		284	281	266	263	259	266	270	+0.0
	08/11/19	23:20		280	277	260	261	254	259	265	+0.0

	09/11/19	06:50		256	254	230	227	234	227	238	-1.3
	09/11/19	13:10		281	282	264	263	268	260	270	-0.2
	09/11/19	23:00		286	280	260	256	272	263	270	-1.5
	
	10/11/19	07:05		251	246	232	220	230	230	236	-3.0
	10/11/19	14:20		256	248	233	228	227	226	236	-6.8 !!!!!
	10/11/19	16:30		274	259	238	250	245	242	251	-2.3
	10/11/19	17:30		286	281	265	268	259	263	270	-1.
	10/11/19	19:10		259	269	248	249	260	253	256	-1.8
	10/11/19	21:00		293	284	264	260	266	267	272	-2.5
	10/11/19	23:00		270	277	266	250	261	252	262	-3.0

Over to Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

Dial-Up Amplitude & Rate

Date		Time	Amp.	Rate
=====================================
08/11/19	06:15	254	-1
08/11/19	12:45	284	0	
08/11/19	15:40	281	0
08/11/19	17:00	272	0
08/11/19	23:20	280	-2

09/11/19	06:50	256	+1
09/11/19	10:40	270	-1
09/11/19	13:10	281	0
09/11/19	20:30	288	-1
09/11/19	23:00	286	-2

10/11/19	07:05	251	0
10/11/19	10:10	267	-3
10/11/19	14:20	256	-4 !!! Low amplitude all positions after several hours on wrist.

Goto Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

Watchcheck measurements

Android Watchcheck (one per day to show overall rate):

Date		Time	Δ(s)	Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
=======================================================================================

08/11/19	06:24	-7.7	-1.6		-2.0		overnight dial down
09/11/19	07:04	-9.5	-1.7		-1.9		overnight dial down
10/11/19	07:02	-11.9	-2.4		-2.1		overnight dial down
11/11/19	06:25	-14.1	-2.3		-2.1		overnight dial up


Python Watchcheck (2 per day to show difference between on-wrist and resting position):

dd/mm/yyyy HH:MM:SS	Δ(s)        Error(s/d)       Ave(s/d)	Comment
===================================================================

08/11/2019 06:25:07     -7.8            +3.6            -1.3	Nighttime dial down = positive
08/11/2019 23:19:10     -10.3           -3.6            -2.0 	daytime on wrist = negative
09/11/2019 07:05:09     -9.5            +2.6            -1.4	Nighttime dial down = positive
09/11/2019 23:05:12     -12.6           -4.8            -2.1	Daytime on wrist = negative
10/11/2019 07:03:11     -11.6           +3.1            -1.6	Nighttime dial down = positive
10/11/2019 23:10:14     -14.2           -3.8            -2.0 	Daytime worn = negative
11/11/2019 06:23:14     -14.1           +0.1            -1.8 	Dial Up overnight. Zero

@watches

Post Power Test Measurements

Return to wrist and allow to reach adequate auto-winding power. Set time & take new Watchcheck reading once amplitude and rate have settled.

21:50 On wrist

22:00
Dial up : 235° : -15
Dial dn : 221° : -17
6H	: 214° : -21	: D = -6
3H	: 229° : -15
9H	: 225° : -16
12H	: 220° : -19
Mean	: -17

* worn overnight in bed - MINIMAL ADDITIONAL AUTO-WINDING? *

Day 1 6/11/19

06:00 	
Dial up : 226° : -10
Dial dn : 233° : -10
6H	: 214° : -20	: D = -10
3H	: 235° : -7
9H	: 210° : -15
12H	: 223° : -6
Mean	: -11

12:15 	
Dial up : 265° : -1
Dial dn : 252° : 0
6H	: 242° : -7	: D = -6
3H	: 241° : -1
9H	: 238° : -4
12H	: 249° : +1
Mean	: -2

15:50	 	
Dial up : 289° : 0
Dial dn : 276° : 0
6H	: 259° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 267° : 0
9H	: 273° : -1
12H	: 269° : +1
Mean	: -1

19:50	 	
Dial up : 277° : 0
Dial dn : 283° : 0
6H	: 254° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 251° : -2
9H	: 241° : -3
12H	: 266° : +4
Mean	: -1.5

Day 2 7/11/19

06:00	 	
Dial up : 260° : +1
Dial dn : 252° : +4
6H	: 241° : -4	: D = -5
3H	: 230° : -4
9H	: 199° : -17	********
12H	: 200° : -11    ********
Mean	: -5.2

07:00	 	
Dial up : 270° : -1
Dial dn : 260° : 0
6H	: 246° : -7	: D = -6
3H	: 245° : -2
9H	: 240° : -5
12H	: 245° : 0
Mean	: -2.5

09:20	 	
Dial up : 284° : -1
Dial dn : 281° : +1
6H	: 269° : -2	: D = -1
3H	: 265° : +1
9H	: 265° : 0
12H	: 261° : +3
Mean	: +0.3

21:30		 	
Dial up : 287° : -2
Dial dn : 281° : 0
6H	: 254° : -6	: D = -4
3H	: 262° : -1
9H	: 265° : -2
12H	: 261° : +2
Mean	: -1.5

Day 3 8/11/19

06:15
Dial up : 254° : -1
Dial dn : 261° : +4
6H	: 243° : -6	: D = -5
3H	: 237° : -1
9H	: 222° : -6
12H	: 226° : 0
Mean	: -1.6

12:45
Dial up : 284° : 0
Dial dn : 281° : +1
6H	: 266° : -3	: D = -3
3H	: 263° : 0
9H	: 259° : -1
12H	: 266° : +3
Mean	: 270° : 0

Date     	Time		Du	Dd	6h	3h	9h	12h	Av	M
=============================================================================================
06/11/19	06:30		226	233	214	235	210	223	223	-11.0
06/11/19	12:15		265	252	242	241	238	249	248	-2.0
06/11/19	15:50		289	276	259	267	273	269	272	-1.0
06/11/19	19:50		277	283	254	251	241	266	262	-1.5

07/11/19	06:00		260	252	241	230	199!!	200!!	230	-5.2
07/11/19	07:00		270	260	246	245	240	245	251	-2.5
07/11/19	09:20		284	281	269	265	265	261	271	+0.3
07/11/19	21:30		287	281	254	262	265	261	268	-1.5

08/11/19	06:15		254	261	243	237	222	226	241	-1.6
08/11/19	12:45		284	281	266	263	259	266	270	+0.0




Android Watchcheck:

Date		Time	Δ(s)	Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
=======================================================================================
06/11/19 	06:41 	-3.6					New period started
06/11/19	12:32	-5.4	-7.4		-7.4		after ~6 hours
06/11/19	20:02	-6.2	-2.5		-4.6		after further 7.5 hours
07/11/19	05:55	-6.1	+0.2		-2.6		overnight dial down
08/11/19	06:24	-7.7	-1.6		-2.0		overnight dial down



Python Watchcheck:

dd/mm/yyyy HH:MM:SS	Δ(s)        Error(s/d)       Ave(s/d)	Comment
===================================================================
06/11/2019 20:22:06     -6.2            -2.5            -2.5	Daytime = negative
07/11/2019 05:56:06     -6.1            +0.3            -0.8	Nighttime dial down = positive
08/11/2019 00:36:08     -8.6            -3.3            -2.1	Daytime = negative
08/11/2019 06:25:07     -7.8            +3.6            -1.3	Nighttime dial down = positive

Conclusion

There seems to be nothing wrong.

4 full days of on-wrist testing shows normal amplitude and rate error.

Power-run-down test gives a reserve time of ≥33 hours. This is less than the ETA 2836-2 spec of 38 hours. This may be due to starting the test with less than full wind? 33 hours is still acceptable. Rate and amplitude drops after 24 hours, but accumulated error is still acceptable if the test had been stopped before completion and the watch worn (an additional ~5 seconds of loss over the 33 hours of testing).

Restarting and achieving full-power/amplitude & normal rate error takes some time on-wrist - avoiding manually winding as far as possible, just enough to start the movement running. Is there still an intermittent problem with the winding or power?

Time will tell.

Further monitoring under Damasko DA36 Measurements (2019)

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, damasko

Damasko DA36

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

Damasko DA36

Bought Date	25/10/2016
Bought From	Damasko, Germany
Price	€1796
Movement	ETA2836-2 : 25 Jewels, Automatic, Day/Date, 28,800vph
Serial Number	DA36-1981
Anti-magnetic	80,000A/m,1000 Gauss
Water Resistance	100m
Strap	Damasko Steel Bracelet

The DA36

I see this watch as a modern version of Rolex's Milgauss - tough with the same level of Magnetic Resistance as the original Milgauss (1000 Gauss). The original anti-magnetic engineer's watch from Rolex wasn't the multi-thousands-of-pounds bauble they sell today.

Originally Rolex produced relatively expensive, but still affordable, tool-watches.

Unlike the Veblen Goods they churn out today.

Damasko's original and iconic watch, the DA36, is something akin to an early Rolex. Not cheap, but also not ridiculously over-priced. It has no obvious external frills, but has plenty of technology inside to justify the price and to add functional value.

I often ponder whether I'd buy a Milgauss if I could afford the £7000+ price tag. And now I've lived with the DA36 for almost 6 years I don't know that I would. My watch is now my watch. Why swap for another expensive toy?

Damasko have recently re-configured their range of watches and dropped the DA36, and most of the others from their early years of production, as they move upwards, into making higher price watches with in-house movements, rather than using off-the-shelf ETA units.

I'd love a DA36 to appear with the in-house movement, but I don't know that this is going to happen.

UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 17:45

The DA36 has now reappeared - as the DK36 with the new in-house A26-3 movement.

DK36 at Damasko

My watch developed a fault after a couple of years but this was easily repaired by Damasko. I might have introduced the fault myself after opening it up a few times to regulate it - perhaps I let in some dirt that found its way to the escapement and caused some abrasion?

I don't know.

It's now working perfectly well after 2½ years of continuous daily wear. I only take it off to have a bath/shower and (usually) to sleep, and very rarely if I need to squeeze my left hand into a tight space when working on cars, Land Rovers or transmitters. I don't think I've let it run down since the repair in December 2019.

The Milgauss

A modern Milgauss for comparison. There's not a lot of aesthetic similarity, the modern Milgauss is quite gaudy, with its green sapphire crystal and shiny dial.

The 1960's version ref. 1019 (not the original submariner style with a timing bezel) looks more workmanlike and is the one I'd go for if I had the money. When I last looked a birth year 1966 Milgauss fetches around £22,000…. so I'll stick with my DA36 and let it age with me.

The Damasko Steel Bracelet

The DA36 was bought with the Damasko steel bracelet and initially I was happy with it.

It is super-engineered. Each link, of ice hardened bead-blasted steel to match the watch's case, is fixed with strong torx secured pivot pins. The whole bracelet can be dismantled for cleaning. It's very strong, very well designed and very well made.

After time though the lack of adjustment (even with the two supplied “long” links) meant it became difficult to find a good comfortable fit.

The DA36 was then worn mostly on the Damasko leather strap or a variety of NATO straps, including some elastic MN types, which are certainly very comfortable.

The steel bracelet was sold in 2017, to someone in the USA, after I decided I couldn't get on with it.

Following the appearance of the rate-error fault in 2018, I switched to my Seiko SKX007 on a Strapcode Oyster steel bracelet, and liked it so much I decided to buy another Damasko steel bracelet for the DA36, and to request a set of additional adjustment links to allow more variation in size. The longer links can be bought in sets of 2 pairs, which along with the 2 pairs that come with the bracelet, allow a smooth adjustment in tiny steps, almost matching the difference made by adding or removing a normal link.

The new bracelet and links were bought in November 2019.

This allowed the use of up to 5 ¹⁾ adjustment links to step smoothly between the jump in one normal link. A good fit was obtained with 3 or 4 added long links. After some time I found I could wear the bracelet with no adjustment links, my wrist settled to a size that suited a whole number of normal links, but I have the option of a good range of adjustment, if things should change in future.

I occasionally put a NATO strap on, but it rarely stays for more than a day or two before the pull of the super-strong super-engineered bracelet wins out.

[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2025-03-09] ~~add some photos of the DA36~~

Watch-u-seek threads

A Year On the Wrist

Damasko Pics.....

History

Bought : 25/10/16 Arrived : 2/11/16

Initial Rate Tests

First 20 Days : Δ +11.4s -> +0.6s/d

Watchcheck data etc ....

Month	Δ / s	Average Rate s/d
Nov 2016	+19.2	+0.7
Dec 2016	+28.0	+1.2
Jan 2017	+50.2	+1.4
Feb 2017	+7.4	+0.2
Mar 2017	+6.9	+0.3
Apr 2017	-1.3	0.0
May 2017	-47.4	-1.4
Jun 2017	-43.4	-1.6
Jul 2017	-79.4	-2.6
Aug 2017	-84.3	-2.7
Sep 2017	-67.5	-3.9

First Regulation after 12 months

18/12/17	+22.0	-2.3
19/12/17	+20.9	-1.1		__1st attempt to regulate → __
20/12/17	+22.1	+4.0		after regulation and dial-down overnight
21/12/17	+22.5	+0.4		dial-up overnight (usual position)
22/12/17	+22.7	+0.1		regulation seems to have corrected rate error
23/12/17	+22.3	-0.4		time reset to -0.3 s

Second Regulation

19/01/18	-11.0	-2.2
20/01/18	-16.1	-5.1		???
21/01/18	-19.2	-3.0		??
22/01/18	-22.2	-3.7		regulated later in day to attempt to correct recent -ve rate
23/01/18	-22.1	+0.8		timegrapher showed odd spells of low amplitude.
24/01/18	-20.5	+1.5

Third Regulation

05/03/18	+24.1	+5.8
06/03/18	+31.9	+8.1
07/03/18	+37.2	+5.4
08/03/18	+44.6	+6.9		__Regulated for 3rd time__ to reduce rate.
09/03/18	+44.4	-0.1
10/03/18	+42.8	-1.6		too far?

Fourth Regulation

21/03/18	+18.4	-0.9
22/03/18	+17.7	-0.7
23/03/18	+13.8	-4.1		__regulated for 4th time__ to increase rate
24/03/18	+13.2	-0.5
25/03/18	+12.6	-0.6		reset to DST. -0.7s
26/03/18	+0.3	+1.2
27/03/18	+0.5	+0.2

Fault apparent

29/08/18	-5.7	-2.1
30/08/18	-36.3	-31.4		????? Massive loss in one day!!!

Rate and amplitude errors v. bad on Timegrapher.

Watch put aside and not worn, until October 2019!!

Worn again after 12 months

10/11/19	-11.9	-2.4		dial down overnight
11/11/19	-14.1	-2.3		dial up overnight. Low amp. observed during the previous day?
12/11/19	-16.2	-2.2		Overnight on winder. Low amp. observed during the previous day
13/11/19	-18.6	-2.3		overnight on winder. being consistent day → day despite amplitude concerns.
14/11/19	-21.0	-2.3		overnight on winder.

Fault Re-appears

New period - fault re-appearing

14/11/19	-32.6	-44.9 		(21:04:32) on winder for previous hour. 2 seconds lost.    	      
15/11/19	-45.2	-19.5  		(17:36:45) on TG since 06:30.... variable amp. & poor rate

2019 Repair Details

Sent to Damasko for inspection and repair : 18/11/19

Damasko confirm fault as

After checking it our watchmaker told us that there is many abrasion in the movement.

Repair details

Cleaning, and oiling the escapement

Regulate DA36.1981 €120

Shipping costs UK €50

Total amount €170

Returned from Damasko : 14/12/19

Fault now absent

Performance after repair

Timegrapher Check 20/11/20

After 11 months of daily wear

Pos	Amp	Rate
Dial Up	321	+8
Dial Down	290	+6
6H	278	+2
3H	283	+2
9H	295	+5
12H	302	+4
Ave	(294)	+4
D		-6

Timegrapher Check 19/12/21

2 Years after repair. Worn Daily

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	321	+5
D dn	308	+3
6H	305	+2
3H	306	+1
9H	291	+1
12H	303	0
Ave	(305)	+2
D		-3

Timegrapher Check 18/1/22

Still wearing daily

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	313	+2
D dn	316	+1
6H	296	+1
3H	292	0
9H	278	0
12H	286	0
Ave	(297)	+1
D		-1

Watchcheck 2022

Start	Stop	Average
1/1/22	1/2/22	+0.9
1/2/22	1/3/22	+1.2
1/3/22	27/3/22	+0.3
27/3/22	17/5/22	-1.0
17/5/22	22/5/22	-2.1

Rate is now dropping after 2½ years of daily wear. Will monitor and wait for rate to exceed manufacturer's specification before sending for service/regulation.

See dedicated page Repair and Service 2022

Timegrapher Check 22/5/22

A morning and afternoon test to compare readings of different levels of power.

Time : 10:15
- After overnight Dial Up

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	299	-3
D dn	300	-1
6H	277	-4
3H	272	-4
9H	269	-3
12H	277	-4
Ave	(282)	-3.3
D		-1

Time : 15:45
- worn for 7 hours

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	317	+1
D dn	307	+3
6H	289	-1
3H	302	0
9H	301	0
12H	299	-1
Ave	(303)	+0.3
D		-2

Update May 2022

I've owned the DA36 now for over 5 years. After the repair, and getting the 2^nd bracelet, it's rarely off my wrist. I'll occasionally wear another watch (typically a Casio GW-M5610) on my right wrist.

The DA36 stays on the left.

The ice-hardened steel is very resistant to scratching or other marks. After 5 years I can see some slight blemishes - just signs of an active life. The bracelet has more marks than the watch case itself - links rub against each other and the bracelet is more likely to be rubbed against hard surfaces than the watch - and as time goes by it slowly (very slowly) starts to look less like a new watch and more like a tool watch.

There are marks on the bezel, and on the bracelet end-link, at the 12 o'clock position, I guess I caught it on something abrasive at some time…. more wabi-sabi

The hardened steel, and matte bead-blasted finish, mean that there is no slow development of a general swirly patina. A scratch shows up, in the right light, as a shiny area of un-bead-blasted reflective steel. It's just the characteristic of the material. I wonder what it'll look like in another 10 years?

Time Keeping performance

Still well within COSC standards ( -4 / +6 ) at around -2s/d as of May 2022. Rolex now guarantee their watches to run better than COSC, at ±2 s/d. My DA36 has been within this range for the last few years, and is only now starting to fall outside that range. It may wander back towards zero over time. Who knows how all the different variables inter-react to make up the overall rate error, and how they vary with time?

Time Grapher 23/5/22

Pos	Amp	Rate
Dial Up	316	+2
Dial Down	315	+4
6H	283	-2
3H	288	-1
9H	288	0
12H	288	0
Ave	(299)	+0.5
D		-4

Quick shot on the TimeGrapher…

Photos

On a Marine-Nationale Green/Yellow NATO

— John Pumford-Green 31/05/22 12:54

A change from the super-tough steel bracelet.

New WatchGecko NATO

— John Pumford-Green 05/06/22 17:25

https://www.watchgecko.com/watchgecko-signature-nato-strap-olive-green

Page created Sun May 22 00:25:30 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, damasko

¹⁾

yes, I've actually got 5 pairs in total, can't remember the details of how this happened!

Allstar & Echolink

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 07:46:15 +0000

←AllStar Linking

Allstar & Echolink

Revisiting Allstar with Node 48148 for 2024

Node 48148

I've set up an Allstar node/gateway - in place of the Svxlink node I did yesterday SVXLink : Install from source

Platform	Rapsberry Pi
Interface	CM108 Soundcard
Radio	FT-8900
Frequency	144.9125 MHz
Monitor	Supermon
AllStar	http://stats.allstarlink.org/stats/48148

It turned out to be not too difficult, as I already had all the correct working configs from the last time I used Allstar, so I was able to copy them onto the new SD card image and have a working node straight from boot up!

Editing the image

I downloaded the most recent V2.0 beta image for Raspberry Pi here : 2.0.0-beta.6

Once I had the img file unzipped I thought it would be fun to try and add my config to the image before writing it to the SD Card. I had enough information here to show me how to mount an image as a block device (ie disk). Once that was done I could simply copy any files onto the mounted image and then unmount it. The image could then be dd to the SD card in the usual way.

So I retrieved the last set of config file backups and copied all the *.conf files that go in /etc/asterisk into the mounted image device i.e. to /mnt/etc/asterisk/

Unmount the image from the filesystem sudo umount /mnt

Then

sudo dd if=my_new_image.img of=/dev/mmblblahblah bs=4M

and wait.

It's alive

Once written I put the CD card into the Pi. Booted up, and heard my callsign ID on the radio - it worked, without having to go through the rigmarole of a new install configuration.

I SSH'd in via the DHCP address it had been given, and to change the IP to a static one I checked the peculiar name of the Ethernet interface: enxb827eb6f9954 and edited /etc/dhcpcd.conf to use a static IP address on this device. Using eth0 didn't work, as the interface wasn't called eth0

# Example static IP configuration:
interface enxb827eb6f9954
static ip_address=192.168.21.109/24
static routers=192.168.21.1
static domain_name_servers=192.168.21.1 8.8.8.8

Reboot again, and now I can SSH via the correct static IP address

Next Steps

Add my own user (don't want to use the built in repeater user)
Add myself to the necessary groups (sudo etc.)
change the hostname from repeater → asterisk
- remember to edit /etc/hosts as well as /etc/hostname
set timezone to Europe/London
Check the RX/TX levels/deviation with /usr/sbin/simpleusb-tune-menu - the levels were spot on due to using the same setup, and the same config. files as the previous incarnation.
Enable Echolink by editing /etc/asterisk/modules.conf to load the Echolink Module (last time I'd disabled it)
Copy any necessary allmon2 files to /var/www/html/allmon2/ & set up allmon2
Port Forward on router:
- UDP/4569
- UDP/5198
- UDP/5199
All working…!

First QSO

* I was called on Echolink by G0RAS while I was out walking the dogs. We had a good chat, so that was a good test that it's all working

Section Two

some macros as configured in /etc/asterisk/rpt.conf for quick connect/disconnect

*531

[macro]
 
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet
 
 
12 = *12197# ; disc Freedom Net
22 = *22197# ; monitor Freedom Net
32 = *32197# ; transceive Freedom Net
 
13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska
 
;14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
;24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
;34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North
 
;191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
;391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo
 
;192 = *13009999#       ; dis echolink echotest
;392 = *33009999#       ; con echolink echotest

— John Pumford-Green 07/04/24 10:03

Further Information

radio, allstar, echolink

Formatting Syntax

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 04 Mar 2025 06:44:15 +0000

Formatting Syntax

DokuWiki supports some simple markup language, which tries to make the datafiles to be as readable as possible. This page contains all possible syntax you may use when editing the pages. Simply have a look at the source of this page by pressing “Edit this page”. If you want to try something, just use the playground page. The simpler markup is easily accessible via quickbuttons, too.

Basic Text Formatting

DokuWiki supports bold, italic, underlined and monospaced texts. Of course you can combine all these.

DokuWiki supports **bold**, //italic//, __underlined__ and ''monospaced'' texts.
Of course you can **__//''combine''//__** all these.

You can use _subscript and ^superscript, too.

You can use <sub>subscript</sub> and <sup>superscript</sup>, too.

You can mark something as ~~deleted~~ as well.

You can mark something as <del>deleted</del> as well.

Paragraphs are created from blank lines. If you want to force a newline without a paragraph, you can use two backslashes followed by a whitespace or the end of line.

This is some text with some linebreaks
Note that the two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line
or followed by
a whitespace \\this happens without it.

This is some text with some linebreaks\\ Note that the
two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line\\
or followed by\\ a whitespace \\this happens without it.

You should use forced newlines only if really needed.

Links

DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links.

External

External links are recognized automagically: http://www.google.com or simply www.google.com - You can set the link text as well: This Link points to google. Email addresses like this one: andi@splitbrain.org are recognized, too.

DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links. External links are recognized
automagically: http://www.google.com or simply www.google.com - You can set
link text as well: [[http://www.google.com|This Link points to google]]. Email
addresses like this one: <andi@splitbrain.org> are recognized, too.

Internal

Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give a pagename or use an additional link text.

Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give
a [[pagename]] or use an additional [[pagename|link text]].

Wiki pagenames are converted to lowercase automatically, special characters are not allowed.

You can use namespaces by using a colon in the pagename.

You can use [[some:namespaces]] by using a colon in the pagename.

For details about namespaces see namespaces.

Linking to a specific section is possible, too. Just add the section name behind a hash character as known from HTML. This links to this Section.

This links to [[syntax#internal|this Section]].

Notes:

Links to existing pages are shown in a different style from nonexisting ones.
DokuWiki does not use CamelCase to automatically create links by default, but this behavior can be enabled in the config file. Hint: If DokuWiki is a link, then it's enabled.
When a section's heading is changed, its bookmark changes, too. So don't rely on section linking too much.

Interwiki

DokuWiki supports Interwiki links. These are quick links to other Wikis. For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis: Wiki.

DokuWiki supports [[doku>Interwiki]] links. These are quick links to other Wikis.
For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis: [[wp>Wiki]].

Windows Shares

Windows shares like this are recognized, too. Please note that these only make sense in a homogeneous user group like a corporate Intranet.

Windows Shares like [[\\server\share|this]] are recognized, too.

Notes:

For security reasons direct browsing of windows shares only works in Microsoft Internet Explorer per default (and only in the “local zone”).
For Mozilla and Firefox it can be enabled through different workaround mentioned in the Mozilla Knowledge Base. However, there will still be a JavaScript warning about trying to open a Windows Share. To remove this warning (for all users), put the following line in conf/lang/en/lang.php (more details at localization):
conf/lang/en/lang.php
```
<?php
/**
 * Customization of the english language file
 * Copy only the strings that needs to be modified
 */
$lang['js']['nosmblinks'] = '';
```

Image Links

You can also use an image to link to another internal or external page by combining the syntax for links and images (see below) like this:

[[http://php.net|{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}]]

Please note: The image formatting is the only formatting syntax accepted in link names.

The whole image and link syntax is supported (including image resizing, internal and external images and URLs and interwiki links).

Footnotes

You can add footnotes ¹⁾ by using double parentheses.

You can add footnotes ((This is a footnote)) by using double parentheses.

Sectioning

You can use up to five different levels of headlines to structure your content. If you have more than three headlines, a table of contents is generated automatically – this can be disabled by including the string ~~NOTOC~~ in the document.

Headline Level 3

Headline Level 4

Headline Level 5

==== Headline Level 3 ====
=== Headline Level 4 ===
== Headline Level 5 ==

By using four or more dashes, you can make a horizontal line:

Media Files

You can include external and internal images, videos and audio files with curly brackets. Optionally you can specify the size of them.

Real size:

Resize to given width:

Resize to given width and height²⁾:

Resized external image:

Real size:                        {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
Resize to given width:            {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?50}}
Resize to given width and height: {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?200x50}}
Resized external image:           {{https://www.php.net/images/php.gif?200x50}}

By using left or right whitespaces you can choose the alignment.

{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}

Of course, you can add a title (displayed as a tooltip by most browsers), too.

{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png |This is the caption}}

For linking an image to another page see Image Links above.

Supported Media Formats

DokuWiki can embed the following media formats directly.

Image	`gif`, `jpg`, `png`
Video	`webm`, `ogv`, `mp4`
Audio	`ogg`, `mp3`, `wav`
Flash	`swf`

If you specify a filename that is not a supported media format, then it will be displayed as a link instead.

By adding ?linkonly you provide a link to the media without displaying it inline

{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?linkonly}}

dokuwiki-128.png This is just a link to the image.

Fallback Formats

Unfortunately not all browsers understand all video and audio formats. To mitigate the problem, you can upload your file in different formats for maximum browser compatibility.

For example consider this embedded mp4 video:

{{video.mp4|A funny video}}

When you upload a video.webm and video.ogv next to the referenced video.mp4, DokuWiki will automatically add them as alternatives so that one of the three files is understood by your browser.

Additionally DokuWiki supports a “poster” image which will be shown before the video has started. That image needs to have the same filename as the video and be either a jpg or png file. In the example above a video.jpg file would work.

Lists

Dokuwiki supports ordered and unordered lists. To create a list item, indent your text by two spaces and use a * for unordered lists or a - for ordered ones.

This is a list
The second item
- You may have different levels
Another item

The same list but ordered
Another item
1. Just use indention for deeper levels
That's it

  * This is a list
  * The second item
    * You may have different levels
  * Another item

  - The same list but ordered
  - Another item
    - Just use indention for deeper levels
  - That's it

Also take a look at the FAQ on list items.

Text Conversions

DokuWiki can convert certain pre-defined characters or strings into images or other text or HTML.

The text to image conversion is mainly done for smileys. And the text to HTML conversion is used for typography replacements, but can be configured to use other HTML as well.

Text to Image Conversions

DokuWiki converts commonly used emoticons to their graphical equivalents. Those Smileys and other images can be configured and extended. Here is an overview of Smileys included in DokuWiki:

8-)
8-O
:-(
:-)
=)
:-/
:-\
:-?
:-D
:-P
:-O
:-X
:-|
;-)
^_^
m(
:?:
:!:
LOL
FIXME
DELETEME

Text to HTML Conversions

Typography: DokuWiki can convert simple text characters to their typographically correct entities. Here is an example of recognized characters.

→ ← ↔ ⇒ ⇐ ⇔ » « – — 640×480 © ™ ® “He thought 'It's a man's world'…”

-> <- <-> => <= <=> >> << -- --- 640x480 (c) (tm) (r)
"He thought 'It's a man's world'..."

The same can be done to produce any kind of HTML, it just needs to be added to the pattern file.

There are three exceptions which do not come from that pattern file: multiplication entity (640×480), 'single' and “double quotes”. They can be turned off through a config option.

Quoting

Some times you want to mark some text to show it's a reply or comment. You can use the following syntax:

I think we should do it

> No we shouldn't

>> Well, I say we should

> Really?

>> Yes!

>>> Then lets do it!

I think we should do it

No we shouldn't

Well, I say we should

Really?

Yes!

Then lets do it!

Tables

DokuWiki supports a simple syntax to create tables.

Heading 1	Heading 2	Heading 3
Row 1 Col 1	Row 1 Col 2	Row 1 Col 3
Row 2 Col 1	some colspan (note the double pipe)
Row 3 Col 1	Row 3 Col 2	Row 3 Col 3

Table rows have to start and end with a | for normal rows or a ^ for headers.

^ Heading 1      ^ Heading 2       ^ Heading 3          ^
| Row 1 Col 1    | Row 1 Col 2     | Row 1 Col 3        |
| Row 2 Col 1    | some colspan (note the double pipe) ||
| Row 3 Col 1    | Row 3 Col 2     | Row 3 Col 3        |

To connect cells horizontally, just make the next cell completely empty as shown above. Be sure to have always the same amount of cell separators!

Vertical tableheaders are possible, too.

	Heading 1	Heading 2
Heading 3	Row 1 Col 2	Row 1 Col 3
Heading 4	no colspan this time
Heading 5	Row 2 Col 2	Row 2 Col 3

As you can see, it's the cell separator before a cell which decides about the formatting:

|              ^ Heading 1            ^ Heading 2          ^
^ Heading 3    | Row 1 Col 2          | Row 1 Col 3        |
^ Heading 4    | no colspan this time |                    |
^ Heading 5    | Row 2 Col 2          | Row 2 Col 3        |

You can have rowspans (vertically connected cells) by adding ::: into the cells below the one to which they should connect.

Heading 1	Heading 2	Heading 3
Row 1 Col 1	this cell spans vertically	Row 1 Col 3
Row 2 Col 1		Row 2 Col 3
Row 3 Col 1		Row 2 Col 3

Apart from the rowspan syntax those cells should not contain anything else.

^ Heading 1      ^ Heading 2                  ^ Heading 3          ^
| Row 1 Col 1    | this cell spans vertically | Row 1 Col 3        |
| Row 2 Col 1    | :::                        | Row 2 Col 3        |
| Row 3 Col 1    | :::                        | Row 2 Col 3        |

You can align the table contents, too. Just add at least two whitespaces at the opposite end of your text: Add two spaces on the left to align right, two spaces on the right to align left and two spaces at least at both ends for centered text.

Table with alignment
right	center	left
left	right	center
xxxxxxxxxxxx	xxxxxxxxxxxx	xxxxxxxxxxxx

This is how it looks in the source:

^           Table with alignment           ^^^
|         right|    center    |left          |
|left          |         right|    center    |
| xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx |

Note: Vertical alignment is not supported.

No Formatting

If you need to display text exactly like it is typed (without any formatting), enclose the area either with <nowiki> tags or even simpler, with double percent signs %%.

This is some text which contains addresses like this: http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done with it. The same is true for //__this__ text// with a smiley ;-).

<nowiki>
This is some text which contains addresses like this: http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done with it.
</nowiki>
The same is true for %%//__this__ text// with a smiley ;-)%%.

Code Blocks

You can include code blocks into your documents by either indenting them by at least two spaces (like used for the previous examples) or by using the tags <code> or <file>.

This is text is indented by two spaces.

This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like              <-this

This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that you quoted a file.

Those blocks were created by this source:

  This is text is indented by two spaces.

<code>
This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like              <-this
</code>

<file>
This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that you quoted a file.
</file>

Syntax Highlighting

DokuWiki can highlight sourcecode, which makes it easier to read. It uses the GeSHi Generic Syntax Highlighter – so any language supported by GeSHi is supported. The syntax uses the same code and file blocks described in the previous section, but this time the name of the language syntax to be highlighted is included inside the tag, e.g. <code java> or <file java>.

/**
 * The HelloWorldApp class implements an application that
 * simply displays "Hello World!" to the standard output.
 */
class HelloWorldApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello World!"); //Display the string.
    }
}

The following language strings are currently recognized: 4cs 6502acme 6502kickass 6502tasm 68000devpac abap actionscript3 actionscript ada aimms algol68 apache applescript apt_sources arm asm asp asymptote autoconf autohotkey autoit avisynth awk bascomavr bash basic4gl batch bf biblatex bibtex blitzbasic bnf boo caddcl cadlisp ceylon cfdg cfm chaiscript chapel cil c_loadrunner clojure c_mac cmake cobol coffeescript c cpp cpp-qt cpp-winapi csharp css cuesheet c_winapi dart dcl dcpu16 dcs delphi diff div dos dot d ecmascript eiffel email epc e erlang euphoria ezt f1 falcon fo fortran freebasic freeswitch fsharp gambas gdb genero genie gettext glsl gml gnuplot go groovy gwbasic haskell haxe hicest hq9plus html html4strict html5 icon idl ini inno intercal io ispfpanel java5 java javascript jcl j jquery julia kixtart klonec klonecpp kotlin latex lb ldif lisp llvm locobasic logtalk lolcode lotusformulas lotusscript lscript lsl2 lua m68k magiksf make mapbasic mathematica matlab mercury metapost mirc mk-61 mmix modula2 modula3 mpasm mxml mysql nagios netrexx newlisp nginx nimrod nsis oberon2 objc objeck ocaml-brief ocaml octave oobas oorexx oracle11 oracle8 oxygene oz parasail parigp pascal pcre perl6 perl per pf phix php-brief php pic16 pike pixelbender pli plsql postgresql postscript povray powerbuilder powershell proftpd progress prolog properties providex purebasic pycon pys60 python qbasic qml q racket rails rbs rebol reg rexx robots roff rpmspec rsplus ruby rust sas sass scala scheme scilab scl sdlbasic smalltalk smarty spark sparql sql sshconfig standardml stonescript swift systemverilog tclegg tcl teraterm texgraph text thinbasic tsql twig typoscript unicon upc urbi uscript vala vbnet vb vbscript vedit verilog vhdl vim visualfoxpro visualprolog whitespace whois winbatch wolfram xbasic xml xojo xorg_conf xpp yaml z80 zxbasic

There are additional advanced options available for syntax highlighting, such as highlighting lines or adding line numbers.

Downloadable Code Blocks

When you use the <code> or <file> syntax as above, you might want to make the shown code available for download as well. You can do this by specifying a file name after language code like this:

<file php myexample.php>
<?php echo "hello world!"; ?>
</file>

myexample.php

<?php echo "hello world!"; ?>

If you don't want any highlighting but want a downloadable file, specify a dash (-) as the language code: <code - myfile.foo>.

RSS/ATOM Feed Aggregation

DokuWiki can integrate data from external XML feeds. For parsing the XML feeds, SimplePie is used. All formats understood by SimplePie can be used in DokuWiki as well. You can influence the rendering by multiple additional space separated parameters:

Parameter	Description
any number	will be used as maximum number items to show, defaults to 8
reverse	display the last items in the feed first
author	show item authors names
date	show item dates
description	show the item description. All HTML tags will be stripped
nosort	do not sort the items in the feed
n[dhm]	refresh period, where d=days, h=hours, m=minutes. (e.g. 12h = 12 hours).

The refresh period defaults to 4 hours. Any value below 10 minutes will be treated as 10 minutes. DokuWiki will generally try to supply a cached version of a page, obviously this is inappropriate when the page contains dynamic external content. The parameter tells DokuWiki to re-render the page if it is more than refresh period since the page was last rendered.

By default the feed will be sorted by date, newest items first. You can sort it by oldest first using the reverse parameter, or display the feed as is with nosort.

Example:

{{rss>http://slashdot.org/index.rss 5 author date 1h }}

Over 200 Economists Say 'We Must Act Now' On AI's Economic Impact by BeauHD (14/07/26 04:30 BST)
Microsoft Promises To Fix Search With Major Windows 11 Overhaul by BeauHD (14/07/26 00:00 BST)
US Government Warns That Russia State Hackers Are Coming After Your Router by BeauHD (13/07/26 23:00 BST)
German Firm Files For Insolvency After Cybercriminals Shut Down Production For 6 Weeks by BeauHD (13/07/26 22:12 BST)
States Sue to Block Paramount-Warner Bros Merger, Defying DOJ by BeauHD (13/07/26 21:00 BST)

Control Macros

Some syntax influences how DokuWiki renders a page without creating any output it self. The following control macros are availble:

Macro	Description
~~NOTOC~~	If this macro is found on the page, no table of contents will be created
~~NOCACHE~~	DokuWiki caches all output by default. Sometimes this might not be wanted (eg. when the <php> syntax above is used), adding this macro will force DokuWiki to rerender a page on every call

Syntax Plugins

DokuWiki's syntax can be extended by Plugins. How the installed plugins are used is described on their appropriate description pages. The following syntax plugins are available in this particular DokuWiki installation:

Blockquote Plugin 2020-09-27 by Anika Henke (previous author: Gina Haeussge)
Write quotations in a semantically correct way
Blog 2023-10-24 by Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Use DokuWiki as blogging tool. (previous authors: Esther Brunner)
catlist plugin 2023-12-16 by Félix Faisant
List pages and namespaces recursively
Changes Plugin 2023-12-14 by Andreas Gohr
List the most recent changes of the wiki
Cloud Plugin 2023-02-11 by Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Displays the most used words in a word cloud.
color syntax plugin 2022-10-19 by Harald Hanche-Olsen
Write colored text in DokuWiki.
Comment Syntax support 2022-01-01 by Satoshi Sahara
Allow to use source comment syntax to leave edit instructions of the page. Comments are visible only in the source view, not rendered as any page elements.
config:htmlok Plugin 2023-07-12 by Luis Machuca Bezzaza
Enables raw HTML like the old 'config:htmlok' behaviour.
discussion plugin 2025-07-04 by Michael Hamann, Gerrit Uitslag, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner, Matthias Schulte
Provides discussion funtionality for wiki pages
Encrypted Passwords Plugin 2023-12-20 by Andreas Gohr
This plugin let you store 256 bit AES encrypted passwords in your DokuWiki pages. The password can be decrypted by clicking them (Javascript must be enabled).
folded plugin 2023-07-22 by Michael Hamann, Fabian van-de-l_Isle, Christopher Smith, Esther Brunner
Foldable page sections
iframe plugin 2023-08-17 by Christopher Smith
Allows external URLs to be loaded into an iframe in your DokuWiki page.
include plugin 2025-07-22 by Michael Hamann, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner
Functions to include another page in a wiki page
Info Plugin 2020-06-04 by Andreas Gohr
Displays information about various DokuWiki internals
keyboard 2023-02-23 by Gina Häußge
The keyboard plugin provides a combined syntax and action plugin in order to markup text as keyboard keys, similar to (and making use of) the existing (X)HTML tag <kbd>…</kbd>. A quick button for the markup is automatically inserted into the toolbar of the edit form.
Lastmod Plugin 2016-02-03 by Dennis Ploeger
Displays the timestamp of the last modification of the current or another page.
log plugin 2019-02-27 by Adrian Lang
Provide simple logs
Note Plugin 2024-04-15 by Anael Mobilia
Add Note/Important/Tip/Warning Capability (DIV+CSS box)
nspages plugin 2024-11-22 by Guillaume Turri
Presents a toc of the selected namespace using <nspages>
Numbered Headings 2023-09-12 by Satoshi Sahara
Prepend tiered numbers as indexes for hierarchical headings
orphanswanted plugin 2023-05-30 by Doug Edmunds, Cyrille37, Federico Ariel Castagnini, Andy Webber, Matthias Schulte, Christian Paul, alexdraconian
Display Orphans, Wanteds and Valid link tables
Pagelist Plugin 2023-08-27 by Matthias Schulte, Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Lists pages in a nice formatted way
PageQuery Plugin 2025-03-04 by Mark C. Prins, previously Symon Bent
Search for (fulltext) and list wiki pages, sorted and optionally grouped by name, date, creator, abc, etc. in columns. Insert the pagequery markup wherever you want your list to appear. E.g.{{pagequery>[query;fulltext;sort=key:direction,key2:direction;group;limit=??;cols=?;inwords;proper]}} [..] = optional
tabbox plugin 2018-04-29 by Andreas Gohr
Insert a tabbed box in a page
Tag Plugin 2023-10-17 by Michael Hamann, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner
tag wiki pages
ToDo 2025-08-26 by Leo Eibler, Christian Marg, Markus Gschwendt, Robert Weinmeister
Create a checkbox based todo list with optional user assignment (basic syntax: <todo>This is a ToDo</todo>). It can also be used as a lightweight task list management system.
Wrap Plugin 2023-08-13 by Anika Henke
Universal plugin which combines functionalities of many other plugins. Wrap wiki text inside containers (divs or spans) and give them a class (choose from a variety of preset classes), a width and/or a language with its associated text direction.

¹⁾

This is a footnote

²⁾

when the aspect ratio of the given width and height doesn't match that of the image, it will be cropped to the new ratio before resizing

Radio Update - QRP etc

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 09:05:14 +0000

Radio Update - QRP etc

After setting up a basic station in the small “office” - just one rig and my keys - I decided to make a “real” hamshack with more radios, some tools, test equipment etc.

I added two shelves above the desk to hold radios, PSUs, 'scope, tools etc. I've now got a “one-desk shack” that can be used for operating on air and building & repairing equipment (on a small scale)

I found that the stock mic for my FT891 was faulty - the mic element is open-circuit - so I bought a Heil HMM fist mic and spent some time setting up the EQ for a reasonable “communications” quality audio. I'm not naturally a 'phone operator, so I'll not be having lots of “ragchew” QSOs, and “communications quality” is all I'm aiming for - to be audible - not quite as extreme as a Clansman but with enough HF emphasis, and enough compression to cut through the noise.

I though briefly about limiting myself to SSB for a few months, to get used to talking on the radio, but that's NEVER going to happen.

The QMX

Then I found a box with an unbuilt QRPLabs "QMX" kit! I'd bought it in August 2023, and hadn't built it. I have a QCX-mini for 40m and it's a great little radio, and I thought the QMX would be the next obvious step. Then I forgot about it.

So, on Saturday I got the box, opened it. Printed out the Assembly Manual. Watched Hans's You Tube video highlighting the pitfalls. And got started.

The first thing was to check if my early (Rev 1) board has the “Power Board Short” issue - and it did - so I got out my hot-air station and moved the MOSFET a mm or two to remove the short.

Then down to business…. building.

I did it all in one day, with the occasional break for food, dog walk, etc….. The most challenging thing was winding the 2 binocular ferrite transformers - the PA output transformer and the SWR brigge transformer. The “normal” toroid cores were all straightforward.

I built it for 9V operation (this determines the form of the PA output transformer).

I worked first time. Which is amazing given the small size and relatively dense component layout.

On a PSU set for 9V I get at least 5W on all bands. I made a string of 4 x 1N4001 diodes to drop ~2.4V and powered it from the normal shack supply. And used the handy config option “Limit PA Volts” to set a limit of 9.5V. This gives a comfortable 5W on all bands without any risk of overheating the finals etc.

I've used it on WSPR - both via WSJT-X and using the internal standalone WSPR Beacon mode.

I upgraded to the current beta firmware 1_04_002 and the main change seems to be the removal of the Beacon mode and its replacement with “Virtual U3S” - a mimic of the functionality of the U3S multi-function beacon TX. Currently only WSPR is supported - but the other modes will follow. This works well - and allows a “schedule” to change frequency / Mode etc on sequential TX periods.

Back to QRP CW

Then I had to try it on CW.

My first CW QSO was on 30m with Rob, OK7SX, on Wednesday 29th.

Last night I had 3 x CW QSOs : F/FK8IK (Mic nr Vichy), IK3/UY7LA (Alex, nr Venice) on 30m and the icing on the cake was a chat with Will GM0HKS on 40m.

Will was using a K2 at 5W, but did mention that he still has the “wee K1” - that's my old K1 that I built back in 2003. I sold it (and deeply regret doing so) and it ended up in Will's care. We've had a few QSOs over the years and he never fails to mention the “wee K1”.

The next step

I've been thinking about where I want to go with radio recently.

What actually gives me pleasure?

What can I do to avoid the aspects of the hobby that spoil it for me?

Building and using the QMX reminded me of the fun I got with I first built the “wee K1” in 2003.

I hadn't been active in the hobby for many years, my log book shows a couple of FM contacts in 2002 with locals on the repeater, and prior to that I was using Packet Radio in 1994, while still living in Huddersfield and working at Holme Moss. The last time I'd actually been on HF CW was while I was at UMIST, in 1985 using the club station.

I built the K1 in 2003 and went CW crazy!

The basic chronology :

pre-2003
- 1983 - first licensed as G4SLV, still at school. Used 10mFM and 2m CW before going away to University in 1984
- 1984 - 1988 - at UMIST, and active in the Radio Society. Used club station for HF CW, as well as 70cm ATV and “other” things
- 1988 - 1995 - not much radio - some Packet on 2m
- 1995 - moved to Wick. Some HF SWL using my old AR88D. No “ham” radio
- 1999 - moved to Shetland. Some 2m activity on local repeater. Some HF SWL with AR88D and AR7030.
August 2003 - K1 - 2 bands - 40m / 20m - lots of QSOs. A very active phase on the hobby on-the-air.
Some time in 2004 - K1 - added 4 band board & concentrated on 40/30/20
Some time in 2004 - IC706MK2G - all bands - 100W - K1 use still frequent - but the lure of 100W was strong for a while - plus digimodes (PSK31 etc)
November 2004 - 60m use began - mostly SSB - K1 still in use for QRP CW
2007 - K2 added to the shack
July 2007 - Start of 500kHz “experiment”. All HF working stopped and lots of time spent with MF - Sold K1 & K2 and IC706. Bought IC718
Jan 2009 - Back to HF, mix of QRO and QRP. Mostly CW, Some SSB and digimodes
Nov 2010 - Back to 500kHz, with some HF mixed in.
Jan 2011 - Back to HF

At some point during the MF phase I sold the K1 and K2.

From 2012 I spent most of my time on 60m using digimodes, mostly Olivia. I still dabbled on HF CW. Mostly QRO. Bought IC7200 to add to the Shack.

The three main phases were

QRP CW on 40m/20m with K1
500kHz CW (and some WSPR etc)
60m Digimodes

Looking at my logbooks I can tell that I really delved deeply into QRP CW with the K1. I worked many, many people in many, many places and had a lot of fun with such a simple little radio.

The K2 was fun to build, but it got little use - I remember preferring the “wee K1” to its big brother. The 500kHz experiment in 2007 intervened and pushed the QRP HF rigs to the side and they were sold to fund “more important” items.

On 60m I had a lot of fun, learning a lot about the propagation on the band, and about the different behaviour of the various digimodes.

I came back to HF CW a few times - but nothing sparked joy like those early times with the K1.

The future?

Building the QMX has shown me that it's possible to have fun building and then have more fun using simple QRP radios. And this might be the push I need to get back into QRP.

It's more challenging these days - as most people in urban environments have raised noise levels and struggle to hear “normal weak signals” - but there are still people actively using QRP, and only QRP, to fully enjoy the hobby.

If I can't work someone due to my weak signal, then so be it… move on… there'll always be someone else to work.

One area I've never tried is QRP SSB. So I've turned the power on my FT891 (the “SSB rig”) down to 10 watts. I'll give it a try some time. But once more my focus is back to CW. And now with an additional slant - QRP, and only QRP.

I'll write more as I explore.

My G-QRP Club membership number is 2377, dating back to around 1984…. so I've been at it a long time, in fits and starts.

radio, cw, qrp, qmx

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:20:12 +0000

←3rd Party Firmware

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

A 3rd Party Firmware for the DM15 family of calculators

Overview of LF15C

Full development history in HP Forum thread New firmware for the Swissmicros DM15L

LF15C is written by HP Museum Forum member jebedeo
It is a replacement firmware for the Swiss Micros DM15C & DM15L calculators.
- also runs on the original DM15 credit card version no longer in production
It is not an emulation or an exact simulation of the HP15C
It runs directly on the hardware without an emulation layer.
It is very much faster than the stock firmware
It has full-time complex number support
- including display of the full real & imaginary parts on the LCD together 3.345 +22.356 i
It has a 4-level stack with full-time 2-level display of X and Y
All the main HP15C functions are included with the exception of Matrix support

Installing LF15C

DM15L running V32 or earlier (Linux)

sudo lpc21isp LF15C_250408.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
Press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start new firmware

DM15L running V33 or later (Linux)

This behaviour isn't consistent!

I've seen it be possible to flash and run LF15C directly after DM15 V34 with no problems.

I've also seen the problems described below, requiring downgrade to V32.

Just bear it in mind if you have problems starting LF15C after flashing it on top of V33-onwards

The new Swiss Micros firmware V33 changes the behaviour of the bootloader, and it appears to be impossible to flash 3rd party firmware when the calculator is running V33 or later.

The firmware appears to flash correctly, but on reset it will not start

The solution is to downgrade to V32 first, and then install LF15C

sudo lpc21isp DM15_M1B_32.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start V32 firmware
sudo lpc21isp LF15C_250408.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start new LF15C firmware

For installation using Windows

The Swiss Micros Voyager Update Tool will work to install LF15C
- Do not use the new Web Update tool
The same caveats regarding installation after using the Swiss Micros V33 apply
- First downgrade to V32
- Then flash with LF15C
You need to use the hidden reset button in all cases.

Files

Download from here

Latest LF15C firmware	lf15c_250408.hex
V32 firmware	dm15_m1b_32.hex
Swiss Micros Voyager Windows Update Tool	voyage_firmware_tool.zip

Download from HP Forum & Swiss Micros

The Firmware files are available from the HP Forum Thread for this firmware - at the foot of Post #1
- the version attached to Post #1 is always the latest available.
At present (Jan '26) there is also a beta version which is being used to test various compiler optimizations, and is buggy and best avoided.

Swiss Micros
- V32 Firmware DM15_M1B_32.hex
- Voyager Update Tool Voyager Firmware Update Tool

LF15C General Info

Full time complex stack shows real & imaginary parts together as e.g. Rectangular: 3.45 +4.34 i or Polar: 5.5442 ∠51.5177
maximum number range approx. ±1.797 x 10³⁰⁸
- largest integer factorial 170fx! = 7.2574 E306
smallest positive number approx. 1.00 10^-323 before 0 is returned
Precision 15 decimal places

π displays as 3.14159265358979
e displays as 2.71828182845905

Fingerprinting - see Fingerprinting

9SINCOSTANATANACOSASIN9-

-1.6584 x10 ^-10

User Programs can be saved/loaded via USB Serial port using a terminal emulator such as Putty

LF15C uses binary floating point representation, rather than the more common BCD.
- This improves the speed but introduces occasional small rounding errors

Example (Click to view)

HP15C functions

Fix / Sci / Eng display formats
√x / x²
e^x / Ln
10^x / Log
y^x / %
1/x / Δ%
Sin / ASin
Cos / ACos
Tan / ATan
Hyperbolics of Sin/Cos/Tan
CHS / ABS
EEX / π
Deg / Rad / Grad Angle Mode
→H.ms / →H Conversions
→Rad / →Deg Conversions
X!
- integer, non-integer, negative and complex support
Statistics
- Σ+ two variable accumulation
- mean
- standard deviation
- Linear Regression
  - slope / intercept
  - ŷ estimation / r correlation coefficient
Combinations / Permutations
Usual 4 level stack manipulations
- Last x
- Roll Down ↓
- Roll Up ↑
- Swap x ↔ y
- Swap x ↔ any Storage Register
100 storage registers (numbered 00-99)
- capable of saving Complex Numbers
Indirect Register pair I / (i)
Indirect Program Label / Line number addressing via Register I
Random Number Generator
Rounding
Fractional / Integer
Usual Keystroke Programming features
- SST/BST
- LBL
  - LBL A - E
  - LBL 00 - 99
- DSE / ISG
  - including usual loop control indexing
- Logical tests
- Branching
  - GTO
  - GSB
  - RTN
- PSE
- R/S
SF / CF / FS?
- 10 user flags for program control
Solver
- can be used via a program
Numerical Integration
- variable precision via display digit format
- can be used via a program
quick clear of
- Statistical data
- Individual Program
- All stored Programs
- Storage Registers (0-99, I and (i))
Full digit mantissa preview

HP15C features not supported

Matrix functions
User Mode
Memory management
- partitioning between Storage Registers and Program Space is not required or supported

DM15L features not supported

Real Time clock
Switchable 1-line display option (V33 feature)
CPU speed switching
Display Font options
Adjustable LCD contrast
Various self-tests
Conversions & Constants (V33 feature)

Speed tests

Very much faster than stock DM15L firmware … see Benchmarking

n-Queens

Calculator	Firmware	Time
DM15L	V34	202 seconds
DM42	3.23	7.30 seconds
DM15L*	LF15C 250408	0.992 seconds

Savage

Calculator	Firmware	Time
DM15L	V34	247 seconds
DM42	3.23	14.9 seconds
DM15L*	LF15C 250408	4.008 seconds

Using LF15C

Complex Numbers

The stack is permanently in complex mode and operates slightly differently to the stock HP15C

Making & manipulating a complex number

Press f I in normal mode to create & destroy a complex number from ⇔ to y and x on the stack.

Example (click to view)

Make a pure imaginary number by using fRe<>Im

Example (Click to view)

Rectangular and Polar modes for complex numbers

f →R and g→P do NOT to convert x and y stack levels between Rect and Polar values as in the HP15C
→R and →P are Mode Switching commands for the whole complex stack.
When in Polar mode ALL Complex numbers on the stack are in Magnitude / Angle format.
- The angle format can be Deg or Rad as appropriate

Example (click to view)

Arithmetic can be done in Rectangular or Polar mode.

Mode can be switched at any time - perhaps switching to Rectangular to enter a Rectangular format number, when working in Polar, and then switching back to Polar once it's been entered on the stack..
Intermediate calculations can be done whatever mode is current.
- this is unlike the HP15C, where complex arithmetic has to be done in Rectangular format - and Polar format numbers must be converted → R first.
To confirm the mode in use an annunciator P is always present when in Polar.
- No P means Rectangular mode is active.

Example (click to view)

Other features

Indirect addressing

Similar features to the standard HP15C, with differences due to increased Program Label numbers

Indirect Register pair I & (i)

Indirect Register pair I and (i) work in the usual way

Example (click to view)

Indirect Program Label addressing

As in the HP15C you can also indirectly address Program Labels using the contents of the I register to point to the label required.

The HP15C allowed 20 numerical Program Labels 0 - .9 which meant indirect addressing for Labels A - E was done by reference to 20 - 24 in Register I

LF15C has 100 numerical Program Labels so….

Store 00 - 99 in I to address numerical Program Labels 00 - 99

Store 100 - 104 I to address Program Labels A - E

Using GTO I or GSB I in a program will lead to a jump to the Program Label referred to by contents of Register I.

Changing Register I's contents (e.g. within a program) can then cause the execution of program to branch in different ways - this can be a very powerful mechanism!

Example (click to view)

Store 100 (for LBL A) in the indirect Register I

100STOI

Use the value stored in I as a Label indirectly by calling it from within a program.

LBL A is a small program to do a simple calculation (area of circle from radius held in x)

LBL B, which has the single command GTO I

Running LBL B fB actually runs the program in LBL A : GTO I is interpreted as GTO A.

LBL A
X^2
PI
*
RTN

LBL B
GTO I
RTN

Changing the contents of Register I will change where LBL B points to.

This allows you to make decisions and branches to different code communicated via the indirect register.

Storing 101 in Reg I and then running LBL B has the effect of an endless loop….. LBL B calls itself (indirectly via I=101)

Use R/S to interrupt the endless loop!

Using GTO I in LBL B means execution passes to LBL A and does not return to LBL B on completion.

Using GSB I in LBL B instead of GTO means that after running LBL A (via indirection) execution returns to LBL B and continues….

Indirect Program Line Number Addressing

Similar to the above, if the Indirect Register I contains a NEGATIVE number then a call to GTO I or GSB I will cause a branch to the absoloute Line Number referred to in I.

Example (Click to view)

0 Empty
1 LBL A
2 GTO I
5 RTN
6 LBL 88
8 X^2
9 PI
10 *
11 RTN
12 Empty

Storing 88 in Register I would make Program A branch to the Label 88 (line 6)

Storing -9 in Register I (9 CHS STO I) would make Program A branch to PI (at line 9) and bypass the X² instruction.

Line numbering isn't straightforward, as each instruction may use one or two line numbers depending on the instruction itself, so you have to be careful about which line you need to address.

And the rest

100 Storage Registers 00 - 99 are capable of storing Complex Numbers

Factorial / Gamma x! works on integer (positive), non-integer (positive and negative) and complex numbers

Program Mode shows human-readable text rather than HP15C op-codes
- 2-line display of Program being edited

Selection of logical tests can be done in usual HP15C fashion with TEST 0 - TEST 9
- Test can also be selected from a scrolling list of options after initially pressing gTEST with the choice being made via soft-keys & LCD Prompts

To run a program with a numeric label (i.e. other than LBL A → LBL E) press f LBL ##
- e.g. f LBL 88
- this is different than on the original HP15C where to run a label you used GSB##

In program mode, f CLEAR PREFIX places the runTime opCode in the program. runTime writes to x the program execution time once it's executed.

Deleting User Programs
- Delete a single program : f CLEAR PRGM followed by a label
- Delete ALL programs : f and long press CLEAR PRGM

FIX/SCI/ENG don't round numbers unless gRND is pressed.

fENGnn sets the number of significant digits as requested, UNLIKE the original HP15C where fENGn sets the significant digits to n + 1

There are 10 user flags, from 0 to 9.
- There are no LCD annunciators to show state, but flags can be set, cleared and tested for decision making in program branching

Long press GTO in program mode to access go to label feature (single press in run mode)
Long press GSB in program mode to access go to line number feature (single press in run mode)

When running a program step by step, a long press on SST doesn’t execute the current step.

Unused Keys
- f USER, gMEM, fDIM, fMATRIX and fRESULT are not implemented and don't do anything at the moment.

LF15C Serial Port Info

Serial Port dump info : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046-post-194697.html#pid194697
Serial Port settings
- Rate : 57600
- Data : 8 bit
- Stop : 1 bit
- Parity : None
- Flow Control : None

ALWAYS INCLUDE AT LEAST ONE TRAILING ZERO FROM THE STRING OF DIGITS REPRESENTING THE MEMORY DUMP

To extract a dump from calculator press and hold STO
- the string of digits can be copy/pasted into a text file for storage
- it is only necessary to keep one final zero - the rest of the zeros can be ignored
To upload a previously saved dump
- copy it to clipboard and then
- press and hold RCL until the terminal shows Paste PrgMemory:
- in Putty ShiftInsert to paste clipboard text into terminal

LF15C Firmware Files

Tabulated List of LF15C firmware versions

Date	Firmware	Version	Firmware File	Comments
12/09/24	LF15C	beta240911	lf15c_beta240911.zip	initial public beta
15/09/24	LF15C	beta240914	lf15c_beta240914.zip
17/09/24	LF15C	beta240916	lf15c_beta240916.zip
17/09/24	LF15C	beta240916_2	lf15c_beta240916_2.zip
21/09/24	LF15C	beta240920	lf15c_beta240920.zip	very fast Benchmarking, roots of -ve numbers bug
21/09/24	LF15C	beta240921	lf15c_beta240921.zip	Fix of “powers of negative numbers” bug, new 10^x bug
23/09/24	LF15C	beta240923	lf15c_beta240923.zip	10^x fix, other bug fixes
25/09/24	LF15C	beta240925	lf15c_beta240925.zip	Bug fixes More new bugs
28/09/24	LF15C	beta240928	lf15c_beta240928.zip	bug fixes
30/09/24	LF15C	beta240929	lf15c_beta240929.zip	Bug Fixes etc.
30/09/24	LF15C	beta240929_2	lf15c_beta240929_2.zip	RCL I Bug fix
01/10/24	LF15C	beta240930	lf15c_beta240930.zip	Bug Fixes
02/10/24	LF15C	debug241001	lf15c_debug_for_john241001.zip	version pre-loaded with my B.Fil prog for debug purposes
02/10/24	LF15C	beta241002	lf15c_beta241002.zip	Bug Fix my B.Fil runs correctly. No known showstoppers left?
03/10/24	LF15C	beta241003	lf15c_beta241003.zip	fPREFIX fix. Discovered inverse HYP SIN bug
06/10/24	LF15C	beta241005	lf15c_beta241005.zip	fixes ,HYP ASIN bug still present
07/10/24	LF15C	beta241006	lf15c_beta241006.zip	Bug fix and new runTime function
08/10/24	LF15C	beta241007	lf15c_beta241007.zip	Bug Fixes
10/10/24	LF15C	beta241009	lf15c_beta241009.zip	Bug Fixes
12/10/24	LF15C	beta241011	lf15c_beta241011.zip	RND bug fix
14/10/24	LF15C	beta241014	lf15c_beta241014.zip
20/10/24	LF15C	beta241020	lf15c_beta241020.zip
21/10/24	LF15C	beta241021	lf15c_beta241021.zip
22/10/24	LF15C	beta241022	lf15c_beta241022.zip
24/10/24	LF15C	beta241024	lf15c_beta241024.zip
31/10/24	LF15C	beta241031	lf15c_beta241031.zip
02/11/24	LF15C	beta241102	lf15c_beta241102.zip
10/12/24	LF15C	beta241210_2	lf15c_beta241210_2.zip	Integrate feature
17/12/24	LF15C	beta241217	lf15c_beta241217.zip	Integrate improvements
21/12/24	LF15C	beta241221	lf15c_beta241221.zip	Bug Fixes
22/12/24	LF15C	beta241222	lf15c_beta241222.zip	Sin(180)=0 Fixed
14/02/25	LF15C	beta250123	lf15c_beta250123.zip	Enter Key bug fixes
15/02/25	LF15C	beta250215	lf15c_beta250215.zip	Better integration routine and bug fixes
16/02/25	LF15C	beta250216	lf15c_beta250216.zip	Y↑X and TEST bug fixes
17/02/25	LF15C	beta250217b	lf15c_beta250217b.zip	Integration bug fix
19/02/25	LF15C	beta250218	lf15c_beta250218.zip	Integration programability
20/02/25	LF15C	beta250220	lf15c_beta250220.zip	Linear Regression bug fix
21/02/25	LF15C	beta250221	lf15c_beta250221.zip	Complex/non-integer factorial
25/02/25	LF15C	beta250225	lf15c_beta250225.zip	improved precision in x! function
26/02/25	LF15C	beta250226	lf15c_beta250226.hex	f-PREFIX bug fix
12/01/26	LF15C	250408	lf15c_250408.hex	no longer BETA. Stable version - mature??
31/03/26	LF15C	260331	lf15c_260331.hex	Differences unknown - various changes since last stable version 250408. Has Solver issues?
04/04/26	LF15C	260404	lf15c_260404.hex	Differences unknown… performs well on all tests, solver issues resolved
12/04/26	LF15C	260412	lf15c_260412.hex	SOLVE adjustments

Further Information

LF15C program dumps Program dumps for LF15C

Page created : 17/02/26 17:51 GMT

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:20 BST

calculator, dm15l, lf15c

DM41X Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 14 Feb 2026 11:19:28 +0000

←Programs

DM41X Progs

DM41x RAW

HP Maths Benchmark	bm.raw
HP Trig Benchmark	bmt.raw
8-Queens Benchmark	nqu.raw
Savage Benchmark	svg.raw
Memo - as below - uses ascii file name “SITES” instead of “MEMO”	memo.raw
TR - from HP41cx User guide vol. 2	tr.raw
Sigma - from HP41cx User guide vol.2	sigma.raw

Using Solve and Integrate together

from HP343C handbook
DM41X version uses SOLVE and INTEG from Advantage Pac

Create a MYSOLVE wrapper that handles putting the correct SOLVE program name in ALPHA etc
Create the program that is to be solved and which has as it's function an integral
Create the program that defines the integral

MYSOLVE

LBL ¬MYSOLVE
¬MOD                    // the label of the program to be solved is put in ALPHA
SOLVE                   // we XEQ SOLVE (the Advantage Pac solver)
RTN

Solve : MOD

The program to be solved

LBL ¬MOD
¬BESSEL           // We put the name of the program with the integral in ALPHA
STO 00            // We store our current guess for X in R 00 to be accessible by the integral finction
0                 // put upper and lower limits for the integration in Y and X
PI
INTEG             // xeq INTEG from Advantage Pac
ABS               // our current guess, make it positive
X<=Y?             // Y has the Integration's estimate of accuracy - we use this to limit our search
ClX               // if our guess has returned a value from the integral that's less than the inherent accuracy then that's GOOD ENOUGH, we set X to zero and SOLVE completes     
X≠0?              // if we still don't have zero we put back the last guess and SOLVE continues
LastX
RTN

Integral : BESSEL

LBL ¬BESSEL
SIN
RCL 00
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

Running it

MYSOLVE sets up the ALPHA register with the name of the prog to be solved, so nothing needed in ALPHA at this time
put initial guesses in X and Y
- 1 ENTER 2
try FIX 4
Run MYSOLVE - via XEQ or set up a CST menu item for it

After a few minutes of Goose-flying we get the answer 2.4048

Useful Memo prog

MEMO

By Gary Goodman from HP document collection. Dated 24/3/85

65c22 Timer values

for VIA Tone generator

Needs Ladybug module

The required count is calculated from Φ₂ and the audio frequency required.

Count (decimal)

{ Φ₂ / ( 2 x F ) } - 2

for 1000Hz and a 1MHz Φ₂ :

Count = { 1,000,000 / ( 2 X 1000 ) } - 2 = 498

498d → $01F2

Run as XEQALPHATIALPHA

Prompt F for required audio tone frequency.

Enter freq

R/S

Result is the 2-byte value for T1CL & T1CH

e.g.

XEQALPHATIALPHA

R/S

Result:

$001F2

The Counter should be set to

T1CH = $01
T1CL = $F2

Entered as follows (make sure you're in DECS mode in Ladybug while entering the program - otherwise the 1000000 won't be interpreted correctly). When viewing/editing the program later it will look different!

LBL ¬TI
DECS
WSIZE 20
¬ F
PROMPT
STI 01
1000000
ENTERI
LDI 01
2
x
/
2
-
HEXS
RTN

BFil

Butterworth HPF/LPF Filter designer

LBL ¬BFIL
SF 00
¬MHZ ?
PROMPT
1 E6
*
STO 11
¬N
PROMPT
x<0?
CF 00
STO 10
XEQ 06
LBL 01
RCL 12
INT
XEQ 00
FS? 00
1/x
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 01
¬COEFFICIENTS
FIX 3
STOP
ENG 3
XEQ 06
LBL 02
RCL 12
INT
RCL IND 12
RCL 11
2
*
PI
*
/
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 02
XEQ 06
LBL 03
RCL 12
INT
2
/
FRC
FS? 00
GTO 09
GTO 10
LBL 09
¬HPF
x=0?
GTO 05
GTO 04
RTN
LBL 10
¬LPF
x=0?
GTO 04
GTO 05
RTN
LBL 04
RCL IND 12
50
*
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 03
RTN
LBL 05
RCL IND 12
50
/
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 03
RTN
LBL 06
RCL 10
ABS
1000
/
1
+
STO 12
RTN
LBL 00
2
*
1
-
180
*
RCL 10
ABS
2
*
/
SIN
2
*
RTN
END

Examples

5MHz 5-pole LPF

XEQALPHABFILALPHA

MHZ ?

5 R/S

Order/poles = N

Positive for HPF

Negative for LPF

5 pole LPF = -5

5CHSR/S

COEFFICIENTS
0.618

(at this point you can RCL 01 etc. up to RCL 05 to see the calculated Butterworth Coefficients)

R01 : 0.618
R02 : 1.618
R03 : 2.000
R04 : 1.618
R05 : 0.618

R/S

LPF
393.5 -12

The calculated component values are now in Reg 01 - Reg 05

R01 : 393.5pf
R02 : 2.575uH
R03 : 1.273nF
R04 : 2.575uH
R05 : 393.5pF

1MHz 7 pole HPF

XEQALPHABFILALPHA

MHZ ?

1 R/S

Order/poles = N

Positive for HPF

Negative for LPF

7 pole HPF = 7

7R/S

COEFFICIENTS
2.247

(at this point you can RCL 01 etc. up to RCL 07 to see the calculated Butterworth Coefficients)

R01 : 2.247
R02 : 0.802
R03 : 0.555
R04 : 0.500
R05 : 0.555
R06 : 0.802
R07 : 2.247

R/S

HPF
17.88 -06

The calculated component values are now in Reg 01 - Reg 07

R01 : 17.88uH
R02 : 2.553nF
R03 : 4.416uH
R04 : 1.592nF
R05 : 4.416uH
R06 : 2.553nF
R07 : 17.88uH

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 18:35:00 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 14/02/26 11:19 GMT

— John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 16:07

Further Information

calculator, dm41x

DokuWiki Unison Backup

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 07:17:50 +0000

DokuWiki Unison Backup

Using unison to sync a copy of the full dokuwiki data on the VPS to a Dropbox folder on my Shack PC, so that I have a backup copy, in the cloud in case of disaster. I'd hate to lose all the work that goes into writing this stuff…

Config Files

on the Shack PC create a ~/.unison/dokuwiki.prf file

root = /home/gm4slv/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
root = ssh://gm4slv.org.uk//var/www/html/dokuwiki
sshargs = -C

To account for making the laptop's copy into a git repository I added:

ignore = Path .git

to the laptop config (see Github Repository ) — John Pumford-Green 29/05/22 00:29

on the VPS server create a similar ~/.unison/dokuwiki.prf file

root = /home/gm4slv/dokuwiki
root = ssh://gm4slv.plus.com:27659/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
sshargs = -C

First Run

Run the first time on the Shack PC to download the dokuwiki directory tree from the VPS

unison dokuwiki

gm4slv@laptop:~/.unison $ unison dokuwiki
Unison 2.51.3 (ocaml 4.11.1): Contacting server...
Connected [//gm4slv//var/www/html/dokuwiki -> //laptop//home/gm4slv/Dropbox/Docu                                                                                                 ments/dokuwiki]
Looking for changes
Warning: No archive files were found for these roots, whose canonical names are:
        /home/gm4slv/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
        //gm4slv//var/www/html/dokuwiki
This can happen either
because this is the first time you have synchronized these roots,
or because you have upgraded Unison to a new version with a different
archive format.

Update detection may take a while on this run if the replicas are
large.

Unison will assume that the 'last synchronized state' of both replicas
was completely empty.  This means that any files that are different
will be reported as conflicts, and any files that exist only on one
replica will be judged as new and propagated to the other replica.
If the two replicas are identical, then no changes will be reported.

If you see this message repeatedly, it may be because one of your machines
is getting its address from DHCP, which is causing its host name to change
between synchronizations.  See the documentation for the UNISONLOCALHOSTNAME
environment variable for advice on how to correct this.

Donations to the Unison project are gratefully accepted:
http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/unison


Press return to continue.[<spc>]
  Waiting for changes from server
Reconciling changes

local          gm4slv
         <---- file       .htaccess.dist  [f]
         <---- file       COPYING  [f]
         <---- file       README  [f]
         <---- file       VERSION  [f]
         <---- dir        bin  [f]
         <---- dir        conf  [f]
         <---- dir        data  [f]
         <---- file       doku.php  [f]
         <---- file       feed.php  [f]
         <---- dir        inc  [f]
         <---- file       index.php  [f]
         <---- file       install.php  [f]
         <---- dir        lib  [f]
         <---- dir        vendor  [f]

Proceed with propagating updates? [] y
Propagating updates

........

Everything is downloaded from the VPS and saved in the Dropbox folder, from where it is uploaded to the cloud.

Future runs...

I could automate the process, using various command line switches to automatically “do the right thing” without needing to answer Yes/No questions

unison -auto -batch -silent dokuwiki

and even put it in a cron job, but for now just running it every now and again manually might be enough.

restore from backup

If the VPS version of the dokuwiki ever gets totally screwed up I can restore it by running the same script from the other side and chosing which direction to do the sync in ( shack → VPS )

on the VPS server

unison dokuwkiki

which will pull the last sync'd version from my backup to my home directory on the VPS ( i.e. not straight to /var/www/html/dokuwiki) from where I can copy it back to the webserver directory.

I can run this command regularly to keep a mirror of the Dropbox backup on the VPS in case I need it later.

(update 28/5/22) I've added it to crontab to run daily at 04:30:

#!/bin/bash
 
unison -batch -auto -silent dokuwiki

crontab:

30 04 * * * /home/gm4slv/bin/dokuwiki_unison.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

Github Repository

I made a new github repository to hold the Dokuwiki folder tree, too. The laptop / Dropbox backup, taken via Unison from the VPS server, is the local repository.

The workflow to keep things backed up:

on Shack Laptop
1. run unison to retrieve the current production copy of the DokuWiki directory tree:
  1. ```
   unison -batch -auto dokuwiki 
```
2. there was an error flagged → the .git folder isn't present on the VPS's webserver root but is in the unison backup directory on the laptop. Just ignore it?
3. I found you can tell unison to ignore the .git folder by adding
```
  ignore = Path .git
```
  to the prf config file on laptop — John Pumford-Green 29/05/22 00:30
2. cd into ~/Dropbox/Documents/dokuwiki
3. add all files to git
```
git add .
```
4. commit
```
git commit -m "backup"
```
5. push to github
```
git push
```
on VPS
1. in home directory, run
```
unison -batch dokuwiki
```
  to pull the dropbox copy back to the VPS
2. copy the dokuwiki tree to /var/www/html/ (is unison also useful here?) (or rsync Dokuwiki Mirror)
in extremis it should be possible to simply clone the github repository instead of using unison

Page Updated : 04/06/26 08:17 BST

linux, vps, dokuwiki, unison, github

DokuWiki Tweaks

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 15:02:31 +0000

←Dokuwiki

DokuWiki Tweaks

Hide Revisions and Page Source for not-ADMIN in Users

Edit ../lib/tpl/monobook/conf/tabs.php to add the check of AUTH_ADMIN for the tabs for Page Source and Revisions

            if(!empty($INFO["exists"])){
                $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"] = $lang["btn_edit"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
            }else{
                $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"] = $lang["btn_create"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
            }
        }
    }elseif (actionOK("source") && (auth_quickaclcheck($ID) == AUTH_ADMIN)){ //check if action is disabled and also that AUTH_ADMIN is logged in
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"]      = $lang["btn_source"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["accesskey"] = "E";
    }
 
 
    //old versions/revisions tab
    if (!empty($INFO["exists"]) &&
            actionOK("revisions")
        && (auth_quickaclcheck($ID) == AUTH_ADMIN)) // check AUTH_ADMIN is logged in to see old revisions
        { //check if action is disabled
        //ATTENTION: "ca-history" is used as css id selector!
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["text"]      = $lang["btn_revs"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["href"]      = wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "revisions"), false, "&");
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["accesskey"] = "O";
        if ($ACT === "revisions"){ //$ACT comes from DokuWiki core
            $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["class"] = "selected";
        }

Include / Blog "Read More..."

The default is for a “read more…” link to be placed at the extreme right of the page - which is not ideal when using Monobook template.

I found the css setting that controls the position of “read more…” in ../lib/plugins/include/style.css

div.dokuwiki p.include_readmore {
  text-align: right;
}

changing it to

div.dokuwiki p.include_readmore {
  text-align: left;
}

solved the problem and “read more…” is now on the left, directly at the point that the eyes get to when reading a post on the main blog index page.

To prevent this being overwritten on updates I found it works to put the same stanza in ../conf/userstyle.css which should keep it safe…

Vector / Monobook tweaks

I like the Vector and Monobook templates, very similar feel to Wikipedia

Logout errors with later versions of Dokuwiki

After upgrading Dokuwiki to Igor it became impossible to log out due to a warning

Security Token did not match. Possible CSRF attack.

I initially ignored it but then downgraded back to Hogfather as there seemed to be no fix - other than to use a different template.

I recently upgraded to the latest Dokuwiki (Jack Jackrum), and upgraded all plugins and templates where possible. However the problem with logout with Vector and Monobook re-appeared.

I found there was a fix described on the forum:

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/20248-security-token-did-not-match-possible-csrf-attack-cannot-log-out

and the cure is to edit the appropriate line in main.php for each template, as the author seems not to be maintaining these templates any more, at least not the official ones accessed via Dokuwiki's Template/Extension installer. The github repository shows that the fix has been applied to Vector, and a pull request submitted to fix Monobook, the fixes haven't appeared in the official versions.

The does work, though…

For Vector edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/vector/main.php to add , 'sectok' ⇒ getSecurityToken() in the array statement after “do” ⇒ “logout”

 echo  "      <li id=\"pt-logout\"><a href=\"".wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "logout", 'sectok' => getSecurityToken()))."\" rel=\"nofollow\">".hsc($lang["btn_logout"])."</a></li>\n"; //language comes from DokuWiki core

and the same for Monobook

 echo  "          <li id=\"pt-logout\"><a href=\"".wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "logout", 'sectok' => getSecurityToken()))."\" rel=\"nofollow\">".hsc($lang["btn_logout"])."</a></li>\n"; //language comes from DokuWiki core

Monospace font

I found the style applied to monospace text was a little underwhelming.

I found the place to change it:

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/{vector|monobook}/user/screen.css

add the the following and adjust as needed:

div#content .dokuwiki code {
  font-size: 100%;
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
  background-color: #eee;
  color: #00f;
  direction: ltr;
  text-align: left;
}

Footer Buttons

Remove the default footer buttons by editing {vector|monobook}/user/buttons.php and adding

For Monobook, change to

$_monobook_btns = array();

//delete all (defaults)
$_vector_btns = array();

this suppresses the inclusion of footer buttons from vector/conf/buttons.php

Add just the Dokuwiki and Vector/Monobook Buttons

Edit {vector|monobook}/user/buttons.php

Swap monobook for vector as appropriate

<?php
 
//check if we are running within the DokuWiki environment
if (!defined("DOKU_INC")){
    die();
}
//delete all (defaults)
$_vector_btns = array();  
 
//note: The buttons will be rendered in the order they were defined. Means:
//      first button will be rendered first, last button will be rendered at
//      last.
//DokuWiki button
$_vector_btns["dw"]["img"]      = DOKU_TPL."static/img/button-dw.png";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["href"]     = "https://www.dokuwiki.org/";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["width"]    = 80;
$_vector_btns["dw"]["height"]   = 15;
$_vector_btns["dw"]["title"]    = "DokuWiki";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["nofollow"] = !(cleanID(getID()) === "start");
 
//"vector for DokuWiki" button
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["img"]      = DOKU_TPL."static/img/button-vector.png";
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["href"]     = "https://www.dokuwiki.org/template:vector";
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["width"]    = 80;
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["height"]   = 15;
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["title"]    = $lang["vector_mdtemplatefordw"];
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["nofollow"] = !(cleanID(getID()) === "start");

Symbol Chooser font size

The drop-down picker for choosing a symbol to insert in the text being edited is very small in Monobook as standard.

It's controlled by the pickerbutton class and is set at 80% in the standard monobook css.

It's adjusted thus (to 1.2em) and some extra margin added around the symbols:

button.pickerbutton {

padding: 0px;
margin: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
border: 0;
background-color: transparent;
font-size: 1.2em;
cursor: pointer;

}

Put this in user/screen.css with all the other tweaks.

Mobile Scaling

The layout on a phone isn't too good, and can't be zoomed/scaled.

I found this thread:

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/12469-vector-template-doesn-t-display-correctly-on-mobile-devices/6

and applied the comment-out of the line :

//echo "<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\" />";

in main.php and mediamanager.php

the page now scales/zooms okay to make it useable on a phone.

Monobook user/screen.css

/* Give sidebar more space.
 
   Default widths:
   - 12.2em as left spacer for the content area. This example is using 14.2em
     instead.
   - 11.6em as sidebar width. This example is using 13.6em instead.
   - 10.9em as width for the search input field. This example is using 12.9em
     instead.
   - 150px as left spacer for the Ajax searchbox. This example is using 180px.
*/
/* move content container more to the right */
#content {
  margin: 2.8em 0 0 14.2em;
}
#column-content {
  margin: 0 0 .6em -14.2em;
}
#column-content #content {
  margin-left: 14.2em !important; /* adjustment for  IE (7) */
}
/* redefine sidebar width + tab bar position */
.portlet {
  width: 13.6em;
}
#p-cactions {
  left: 13.6em; /* tab bar */
}
/* search input field */
#qsearch__in {
  width: 11.5em;
}
/* ajax "matching pagename" searchbox */
#qsearch__out {
  left: 180px
}
 
div.dokuwiki #dw__toc {
  margin: 1.2em 0 0 2em;
  float: right;
  width: 200px; 
  font-size: 100%;
  clear: both;
  background-color: __background__;
} 
 
div#content .dokuwiki code {
  font-size: 1.1em;
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
  background-color: #eee;
  color: #22f;
  border-radius: 4px;
  direction: ltr;
  text-align: left;
  white-space: pre;
}
 
div#content .dokuwiki pre {
        border-radius: 5px;
	background-color: #faffff !important;
}
 
button.pickerbutton {
  padding: 0px;
  margin: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
  border: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
  font-size: 1.2em;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.pBody {
	font-size: 1.1em;
	padding-bottom: 1em;
}
 
#bodyContent {
	font-size: 1.1em;
}
 
kbd.__keyboard {
  color: #0000ff;
  background-color: #defede !important;
  text-align: center;
  border-left: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-right: 3px solid #666666;
  border-bottom: 3px solid #666666;
  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;
  border-radius: 6px 6px 6px 6px !important;
  padding-left: 3px;
  padding-top: 0px;
  padding-right: 3px;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  margin-left: 2px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  vertical-align: top;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-size: 1.1em !important;
}
 
div.qq-upload-button {
 border: 1px solid __border__;
}

Dokuwiki Template CSS

Standard settings for font sizes etc. for different elements is here:

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/css/design.less

add any modified tweaks to the CSS to a userstyle.css i.e. /var/www/html/dokuwiki/conf/userstyle.css

font-size etc

pre {
        border-radius: 10px;
        background-color: #fcffff
}
 
 
code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0px;
    }
 
 
.dokuwiki .aside {
    font-size: 90%;
    }
 
 
body {
    font-size: 90%;
 
}
.dokuwiki div.breadcrumbs {
    font-size: 90%;
    }

Dokuwiki Template Tagline

<p style="font-size:12px;background-color:#a5e4fa;">Try to learn <b><i>something</i></b> about everything, and <b><i>everything</i></b> about something <br> <i> -Thomas Huxley “Darwin's bulldog” (1824-1895)</i></p>

Dokuwiki Timezone

I noticed the timestamps on file creation/modification were in UTC
I'd rather have “local time” so I don't have to think too hard
The answer is here → https://www.dokuwiki.org/tips:timezone
I used the first option, after successfully testing the second (editing php.ini)
I created conf/local.protected.php with

<?php
date_default_timezone_set("Europe/London");

I did sudo chown www-data:www-data local.protected.php too, just to be sure
All looks good - pages created/modified while in summer time show the time in BST and pages modified in winter time show the time in GMT

Add DW2PDF

To allow export of pages from Wiki → PDF format install plugin dw2pdf
to enable functionality it was necessary to install php-mbstring package on the VPS
1. ```
sudo apt-get install php-mbstring
```
```
sudo service apache2 restart
```

UPDATE

— John Pumford-Green 26/04/23 10:04

removed dw2pdf plugin, it is largely unused and adds pointless bloat.

Increase maximum file size upload for Media Manager

edit php.ini
1. ```
sudo vi /etc/php/XX/apache2/php.ini
```
2. change upload_max_filesize = 2M to upload_max_filesize = 20M
3. change post_max_size = 2M to post_max_size = 20M
4. ```
sudo service apache2 restart
```

Allow any file-type upload

From https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/3318-allow-upload-of-any-filetype/5

Edit /var/www/html/www/dokuwiki/inc/media.php and comment out :

    // because a temp file was created already
    //if (!preg_match('/\.(' . $regex . ')$/i', $fn)) {
    //    return [$lang['uploadwrong'], -1];
    //}

jpg upload error - XML

Media manage red warnings when uploading jpg image files

Error: Call to undefined function xml_parser_create()

New VPS was missing the php-xml package.

sudo apt install php-xml
sudo service apache2 restart

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/21045-error-call-to-undefined-function-xml-parser-create

Acronyms & Abbreviations

I find the underlining and “explanation” of some abbreviations/acronyms by dokuwiki, when rendering a page, to be annoying.

such as DNS and ACL

The process is described HERE

To disable this I simply copied the default conf/acronyms.conf to a local version conf/acronyms.local.conf and then edited the local version to remove all the explanations.

# Acronyms.

ACL
AFAICS
AFAIK
AFAIR
API
ASAP
ASCII
BTW
CMS
CSS
DNS
EOF
EOL
EOM
EOT
FAQ
FTP
FOSS
FLOSS
FUD
FYI
GB
GHz
GPL
GUI
HTML
IANAL
IE
IIRC
IMHO
IMO
IOW
IRC
IRL
KISS
LAN
LGPL
LOL
MathML
MB
MHz
MSIE
OMG
OS
OSS
OTOH
PITA
RFC
ROTFL
RTFM
spec
TIA
TL;DR
TOC
URI
URL
W3C
WTF?
WYSIWYG
YMMV

This supresses the annoyance.

— John Pumford-Green 30/04/23 13:49

Add folded plugin

make a clickable hide/reveal section with

++++ visible text | hidden text blah blah ++++

e.g.

There is a table here...

Col1	Col2	Col3
one	two	three

def func():
    print "hello world"

Increase TAGCLOUD font size

edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/plugins/cloud/style.less

increase size factor

/* Size factor. */
@sF: 1.2;

force re-fresh of browser to show new font size.

Keyboard Plugin

tweak the size, border and colour

example keys

Ctrl+C

Tweaks

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/plugins/keyboard/all.css

kbd.__keyboard {
  color: #0000ff;
  background-color: #defede !important;
  text-align: center;
  border-left: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-right: 3px solid #666666;
  border-bottom: 3px solid #666666;
  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;
  padding-left: 3px;
  padding-top: 0px;
  padding-right: 3px;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  margin-left: 2px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  vertical-align: top;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-size: 1.2em;
 
}

Dokuwiki Template monospace font

the colour of the mono font is the same as general text and doesn't stand out as well as in other templates.
edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/css/basic.less with a hex code for a better colour
- but see below for a better place to do the configuraiton

code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0;
    }

To prevent upgrades overwriting these changes - add them to /var/www/html/dokuwiki/conf/userstyle.css
pre relates to the blocks of <code> ////// </code>
code relates to monospaced text

pre {
        border-radius: 10px;
         background-color: #fcffff
 
}
 
code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0px;
    }

Remove Dokuwiki template footer buttons

edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/tpl_footer.php

comment out (  ) the license stanza and/or the <div> that contains the “buttons”

<?php
/**
 * Template footer, included in the main and detail files
 */
 
// must be run from within DokuWiki
if (!defined('DOKU_INC')) die();
?>
 
<!-- ********** FOOTER ********** -->
 
 
 
<div id="dokuwiki__footer"><div class="pad">
 
<!--    <?php tpl_license(''); // license text ?> -->
 
<!--    
<div class="buttons">
        <?php
            tpl_license('button', true, false, false); // license button, no wrapper
            $target = ($conf['target']['extern']) ? 'target="'.$conf['target']['extern'].'"' : '';
        ?>
        <a href="https://www.dokuwiki.org/donate" title="Donate" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-donate.gif" width="80" height="15" alt="Donate" /></a>
        <a href="https://php.net" title="Powered by PHP" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-php.gif" width="80" height="15" alt="Powered by PHP" /></a>
        <a href="//validator.w3.org/check/referer" title="Valid HTML5" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-html5.png" width="80" height="15" alt="Valid HTML5" /></a>
        <a href="//jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer?profile=css3" title="Valid CSS" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-css.png" width="80" height="15" alt="Valid CSS" /></a>
        <a href="https://dokuwiki.org/" title="Driven by DokuWiki" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-dw.png" width="80" height="15"
            alt="Driven by DokuWiki" /></a>
    </div>
-->
 
 
</div></div><!-- /footer -->
 
 
<?php
tpl_includeFile('footer.html');

Bootstrap3 ThemeByNamespace

To force specific bootstrap/bootswatch themes dependant on the namespace

enable ThemeByNamespace option
create a file in <dokuwiki>/conf called bootstrap3.themes.conf
chown www-data:www-data bootstrap3.themes.conf
add the required theme/namespace mapping:

# Namespace  Bootswatch Theme
start                   bootswatch/darkly
public                  bootswatch/darkly
public:calculator       bootswatch/slate
public:journal          bootswatch/journal
private                 bootswatch/flatly
playground              bootswatch/united
private:wire2waves      bootswatch/paper
blog                    bootswatch/yeti

it seems necessary to disable showThemeSwitcher and to select a default theme to be used outside of any listed in the conf file

Alternative

Using the loadskin plugin

it's possible to switch to the default dokuwiki template when on a mobile device and the vector template when on a computer.

The loadskin plugin seems to lead to problems switching between monobook and vector - the navigation sidebar seems to disappear on one or the other. Not sure where the problem is.

Note Plugin

Various Coloured notes:

<note>
This is my note ! Remember it!!
</note>

<note important>
Warning ! You're about to lose your mind ;-)
</note>

<note tip>
The clues are in the images.
</note>

<note warning>
Beware of the cat when you open the door !!
</note>


++++Note in a Folded section|
<note warning>
Ça fonctionne seulement avec le //div// pas le //span//.
</note>
++++

This is my note ! Remember it!!

Warning ! You're about to lose your mind

The clues are in the images.

Beware of the cat when you open the door !!

Note in a Folded section

Monobook Tweaks

PDF Export Tab

The dw2pdf plugin provides a button on many templates to trigger export to PDF but not on monobook. It's possible to add a tab to the top of the page, beside the edit etc. tabs, to do the the pdf export function.

add the following code to to monobook/user/tabs.php

//PDF plugin: export tab
if (file_exists(DOKU_PLUGIN."dw2pdf/action.php") &&
    !plugin_isdisabled("dw2pdf")){
    $_monobook_tabs["tab-export-pdf"]["text"] = "pdf export";
    $_monobook_tabs["tab-export-pdf"]["href"] = wl(getID(), array("do" => "export_pdf"), false, "&");
}

Vector Interwiki Icons

The icon shown on interwiki links almost always appears as a small “lock” rather than the correct icon

commenting out the .link-https section in /vector/static/3rd/vector/main-ltr.css stops this :

div#content a.external,
div#content a[href ^="gopher://"] {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/external-link-ltr-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}
 
/*
div#content a[href ^="https://"],
.link-https {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/lock-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}
*/
 
div#content a[href ^="mailto:"],
.link-mailto {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/mail-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}

Page Updated: 19/04/26 16:02 BST

dokuwiki

AOR AR7030

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

AOR AR7030

1. Faults/repairs/mods

July 2022 - Volume encoder u/s
- Bourns ECW1J-B24-AC0024L available at Farnell at £3.80
- Ordered 4 off 16/7/22
- Replaced vol encoder : July 2022
July 2022 - VFO Tuning encoder u/s
- Only changed freq. over a small portion of a revolution
- Using remote control via LAN to operate until a new encoder is sourced

2. Filters

Currently fitted:

Before change (below)

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Narrow	CKK455J	3.9
X4	AM Normal #	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB #	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM #	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	AM Wide #	CFW455HT	6.4
X8	CW Collins	MF300	0.5

# = factory supplied

Standard Fitting

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Wide	CFW455HT	6.4
X4	AM Normal	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	Option 1
X8	Option 2

Available to fit:

CW / Data / SSB narrow : CFJ455K8 : 1.4

July 2022

Removed un-needed AM-Wide 6.4kHz from X7 and installed 1.4kHz “CW/Data/SSB Narrow”?

This gives :

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Narrow	CKK455J	3.9
X4	AM Normal #	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB #	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM #	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	Data	CFJ455K8	1.4
X8	CW Collins	MF300	0.5

# = factory supplied

In order of Bandwidth

1 : 0.5 CW
2 : 1.4 CW/Data
3 : 2.1 SSB
4 : 3.9 AM-Narrow
5 : 5.5 AM-Normal
6 : 9.5 FM

3. Remote Control

The Python module used in netradio for accessing AR7030.

Generic aor.py

aor.py

import serial
import threading
 
 
#sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sport = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
sbaud = 1200
 
lock = threading.Lock()
fract = float(2 ** 24) / 44545
 
 
class Ar7030(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=10)
        self.model = model
 
 
    def check_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        if result:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
    def set_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = ord(byte) | mask
        return result
 
    def clear_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = ~(1 << bit)
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        return result
 
    def get_ident(self):
        sendStr = '\x5f' + '\x40'
        ident = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
        return ident
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        p = self.check_bit(byte, 4)
        if p:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
        return
 
 
    def pre_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte :
        # bit0 = filter FS3
        # bit1 = filter FS2
        # bit2 = filter FS1
        # bit3 = filter FS4
        # bit4 = preamp enabled
        # bit5 = atten 0 = 20dB / 1 = 40dB
        # bit6 = input filter 0 = HF / 1 = LF
        # bit7 = attenuator enabled
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 ON = preamp ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 4)
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 OFF = preamp OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 4)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        a = self.check_bit(byte, 7)
 
        if a:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
 
    def att_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 ON = ATT ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def att_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 OFF = att OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fval = freq * fract
        #print fval
        b1 = 48 + int(fval / 1048576)
        fval = fval % 1048576
        b2 = 96 + int(fval / 65536)
        fval = fval % 65536
        b3 = 48 + int(fval / 4096)
        fval = fval % 4096
        b4 = 96 + int(fval / 256)
        fval = fval % 256
        b5 = 48 + int(fval / 16)
        b6 = 96 + int(fval % 16)
 
        f_tuple = ( b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 )
 
        freqStr = ""
        for byte in f_tuple:
            freqStr += chr(byte)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a' + freqStr + '\x24' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Freq Set"
 
    def get_freq(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a'
 
        freqStr = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 3)
 
        f_val = 0
        for k in freqStr:
            f_val = f_val * 256 + ord(k)
 
        return "%.3f" % round(float(f_val / fract),2 )
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x66"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x67"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x61"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x65"
        elif mode == "data":
            set_mode_val = "\x64"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x63"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x62"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4d' + set_mode_val + '\x22' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Mode sent"
 
    def get_mode(self):
 
        sendStr = "\x50" + "\x31" + "\x4d"
        m = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        mode = ""
        if m == "\x01":
            mode = "am"
        elif m == "\x02":
            mode = "s-am"
        elif m == "\x03":
            mode = "fm"
        elif m == "\x04":
            mode = "data"
        elif m == "\x05":
            mode = "cw"
        elif m == "\x06":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif m == "\x07":
            mode = "usb"
 
        return mode.upper()
 
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = '\x2e'
        sraw = self.tx_rx(sendStr, True, 0)
 
        return ord(sraw)
 
    def get_cal(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x52' + '\x3f' + '\x44' + '\x11'
        #print "sending getcal"
        cbytes = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
 
        cal = []
 
        for c in cbytes:
            cal.append(ord(c))
 
        return cal
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.get_cal()
 
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
 
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr, reply, n):
        # apply thread lock
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
 
        if reply:  # for reading S-meter
            result = ""
            while not result:
                result = self.ser.read(1)
            lock.release()
            return result
        else:
 
            result = ""
            byte = ""
            while n != 0:
                self.ser.write('\x71')
                #byte = ""
 
                while not byte:
                    byte = self.ser.read(1)
 
                result += byte
 
                byte = ""
                n -= 1
            lock.release()
            return result

Update July 2022

I've modified the server/client code to create a single-radio AR7030 control program that gives access to IF filter, and reads s-meter etc.

New (July 2022) version of Tkinter GUI with S-Meter graph and IF filter Selection

gui_smeter.py

# # new class-based gui
 
from Tkinter import *
import socket
import threading
import time
 
 
 
class Network(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.sock = self.make_con()
 
    def make_con(self):
        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.sock.connect(("192.168.21.107", 9999))
        return self.sock
 
    def connect(self, data):
        try:
            lock.acquire()
            self.sock.sendall(data + "\n")
            self.received = self.sock.recv(2048)
        finally:
            lock.release()
            return self.received
 
class Dash(object):
    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
 
        self.s = (n1.sock.getsockname())
        self.p = (n1.sock.getpeername())
 
 
 
        dash_frame = Toplevel(master, borderwidth = 2, relief = GROOVE, bg = 'black')
        dash_frame.title("Server")
        dash_frame.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.handler)
        dash_frame.resizable(0, 0)
        dash_frame.geometry("300x150+10-10")
        dash_frame.grid()
 
        self.utc_time = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.utc_time, fg = 'green', bg = 'black').grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.s, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = " < --- > ", bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.p, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 2, sticky = E)
 
        self.server_msg_l = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.server_msg_l, fg = 'yellow', bg = 'black').grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = W)
 
        q_button = Button(dash_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
    def handler(self):
        pass
 
    def up_dash(self):
        self.server_msg = n1.connect("ident")
        self.server_msg_l.set(self.server_msg)
        self.utc_time.set(time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M", time.gmtime(time.time())))
        return
 
class nRadio(object):
    def __init__(self, master, radio):
        self.master = master
 
        self.radio = radio
        self.num = "".join(("r", self.radio))
 
 
        radio_frame = Frame(master, borderwidth=2, relief=GROOVE)
 
        radio_frame.grid()
        self.smeter_list = []
 
        filter_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        filter_frame.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=3)
 
        mode_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        mode_frame.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=3, rowspan=2)
 
        control_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        control_frame.grid(row=5, column=4, columnspan=3)
 
        q_button = Checkbutton(control_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 1, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        Label(radio_frame, text="Name", width=10).grid(row=0, column=0)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Freq/kHz", width=10).grid(row=0, column=1)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Mode", width=10).grid(row=0, column=2)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Signal/dBm", width=10).grid(row=0, column=3)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Max/dBm", width=10, fg='red').grid(row=0, column=4)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Ave/dBm", width=10, fg='green').grid(row=0, column=5)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Min/dBm", width=10, fg='blue').grid(row=0, column=6)
 
        self.name_l = StringVar()
        self.l_name = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.name_l, width=10)
        self.l_name.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
 
 
        self.freq_l = StringVar()
        self.l_freq = Label(radio_frame, fg='red', textvariable=self.freq_l, width=10)
        self.l_freq.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E)
 
        self.mode_l = StringVar()
        self.l_mode = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.mode_l, width=10)
        self.l_mode.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=E)
 
        self.filt_l = IntVar()
        self.r_filt_1 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=1, text="0.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_1.grid(row=5, column=2)
        self.r_filt_2 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=2, text="1.4", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_2.grid(row=5, column=3)
        self.r_filt_3 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=3, text="2.1", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_3.grid(row=5, column=4)
        self.r_filt_4 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=4, text="3.9", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_4.grid(row=6, column=2)
        self.r_filt_5 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=5, text="5.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_5.grid(row=6, column=3)
        self.r_filt_6 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=6, text="9.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_6.grid(row=6, column=4)
        #Label(filter_frame, text="Filter", width=10).grid(row=4, column=2, columnspan=3, sticky=NSEW)
 
        #self.l_filt = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.filt_l, width=10)
        #self.l_filt.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=E)
 
 
        #self.e_filt = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        #self.e_filt.grid(row=6, column=0)
        #self.e_filt.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_filt(self.num)))
 
 
        #self.e_mode = StringVar()
        self.b_mode_usb = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "USB",variable=self.mode_l, value="USB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("usb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_usb.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_lsb = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "LSB",variable=self.mode_l, value="LSB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("lsb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_lsb.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_cw = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "CW",variable=self.mode_l, value="CW", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("cw", self.num))
        self.b_mode_cw.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "AM",variable=self.mode_l,value = "AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "S-AM",variable=self.mode_l,value = "S-AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("s-am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 1, column = 3)
 
        self.b_mode_data = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "Data",variable=self.mode_l, value="DATA", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("data", self.num))
        self.b_mode_data.grid(row = 1, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_fm = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "FM",variable=self.mode_l, value="FM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("fm", self.num))
        self.b_mode_fm.grid(row = 1, column = 2)
 
        self.b_qsy_up = Button(radio_frame, text = "+1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_up( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_up.grid(row = 2, column = 2)
 
        self.b_qsy_down = Button(radio_frame, text = "-1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_down( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_down.grid(row = 2, column = 0)
 
        self.b_update = Button(radio_frame, text = "Get", width = 6, command = lambda:self.get_all())
        #self.b_update.grid(row = 0, column = 3)
 
 
        self.smeter_l = StringVar()
        self.l_smeter = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.smeter_l, width=10)
        self.l_smeter.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=E)
 
        self.max_var = StringVar()
        self.l_max = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.max_var, width=10)
        self.l_max.grid(row=1, column=4)
 
        self.ave_var = StringVar()
        self.l_average = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.ave_var, width=10)
        self.l_average.grid(row=1, column=5)
 
        self.min_var = StringVar()
        self.l_min = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.min_var, width=10)
        self.l_min.grid(row=1, column=6)
 
        self.e_freq = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        self.e_freq.grid(row=2, column=1)
        self.e_freq.focus()
        self.e_freq.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_freq(self.num)))
 
 
 
        self.pre = IntVar()
        self.cb_pre = Checkbutton(control_frame,text="Preamp", variable=self.pre, command=lambda: self.preamp_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_pre.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.l_pre = Label(control_frame, text="Preamp")
        #self.l_pre.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=E)
 
        self.att = IntVar()
        self.cb_att = Checkbutton(control_frame,text="Att", variable=self.att, command=lambda: self.att_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_att.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.l_att = Label(control_frame, text="Att")
        #self.l_att.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=E)
 
        self.set_log = IntVar()
        self.cb_log = Checkbutton(control_frame,text = "Log to file...", variable = self.set_log)
        self.cb_log.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        self.l_log = Label(control_frame, width = 10, text = "Log to file...")
        #self.l_log.grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
        self.c1 = Canvas(radio_frame, width=260, height=100, bg='black')
        self.c1.grid(row=2, column=3, columnspan=4, rowspan=3)
 
        name = self.get_name(radio)
 
 
    def get_all(self):
 
 
        self.get_freq(self.num)
        self.get_mode(self.num)
        self.get_smeter(self.num)
        self.get_preamp(self.num)
        self.get_atten(self.num)
        self.graph_points()       
        self.avg()
        self.max()
        self.min()
        self.get_filt(self.num)
 
        if self.set_log.get() == 1:
            if int(time.time()) % 10.0 == 0:
                self.write_file()
        return
 
 
    def get_filt(self,radio):
        self.filt = n1.connect("getfil" + " " + radio)
        self.filt_l.set(self.filt)
        return
 
    def set_filt(self,radio):
        self.filt = str(self.filt_l.get())
        self.newfilt = n1.connect("setfil" + " " + self.filt + " " + radio)
        #self.e_filt.delete(0,END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
 
    def get_freq(self, radio):
 
        self.freq = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        self.freq_l.set(self.freq)
        return
 
    def set_freq(self, radio):
        self.freq = str(self.e_freq.get())
        self.newfreq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + self.freq + " " + radio)
        self.e_freq.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_up(self,radio):
 
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) + 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_down(self,radio):
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) - 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_mode(self, radio):
        self.mode = n1.connect("getmode" + " " + radio)
        self.mode_l.set(self.mode)
        return
 
    def set_mode(self, mode, radio):
        #self.mode = str(self.e_mode.get())
        self.newmode = n1.connect("setmode" + " " + mode + " " + radio)
        #self.e_mode.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_smeter(self, radio):
        self.smeter = n1.connect("getsmeter" + " " + radio)
        self.smeter_l.set(self.smeter)
        self.smeter_list.append(float(self.smeter))
        if len(self.smeter_list) > 129:
            self.smeter_list.pop(0)
        return
 
    def avg(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        total = 0
        for i in s:
            total += i
        self.av = round((total / len(s)), 1)
        self.ave_var.set(str(self.av))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), fill="green")
        return self.av
 
    def min(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mn = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i < self.mn:
                self.mn = i
        self.min_var.set(str(self.mn))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), fill="blue")
        return self.mn
 
    def max(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mx = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i > self.mx:
                self.mx = i
        self.max_var.set(str(self.mx))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), fill="red")
        return self.mx
 
    def get_preamp(self, radio):
        self.preamp = n1.connect("getpreamp" + " " + radio)
        if self.preamp == "1":
            self.cb_pre.select()
        elif self.preamp == "0":
            self.cb_pre.deselect()
        return
 
    def preamp_onoff(self, radio):
        self.prestate = self.pre.get()
        if self.prestate:
            n1.connect("preampon" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("preampoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def att_onoff(self, radio):
        self.attstate = self.att.get()
        if self.attstate:
            n1.connect("atton" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("attoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
 
    def get_atten(self, radio):
        self.atten = n1.connect("getatt" + " " + radio)
        if self.atten == "1":
            self.cb_att.select()
        elif self.atten == "0":
            self.cb_att.deselect()
        return
 
    def get_name(self, radio):
        print radio
        self.all_names = n1.connect("listradios")
        self.radios = self.all_names.split()
        print self.radios
        self.name = self.radios[int(radio) - 1]
        self.name_l.set(self.name)
        return
 
 
 
    def graph_points(self):
        seq = self.smeter_list
        y_stretch = 1
        y_gap = 5
        x_stretch = 0
        x_width = 2
        x_gap = 2
        height = 100
        self.c1.delete(ALL)
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), fill='white')
        for x, y in enumerate(seq):
            yd = y + 123
            x0 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_gap
            y0 = height - (yd * y_stretch + y_gap)
            x1 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_width + x_gap
            y1 = height - y_gap
            self.c1.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill="yellow")
 
    def write_file(self):
        self.filename = self.name+".txt"
        self.f = open(self.filename, 'a+')
        timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
        log = " ".join((timenow, self.name, self.mode, self.freq, self.smeter, self.preamp, self.atten, "\r\n"))
        self.f.write(log)
        self.f.close()
 
def update():
    #loops = 0
 
    try:
        nRadio1.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio2.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio3.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio4.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    #d1.up_dash()
 
    return
 
def main():
    #loops = 0
    while True:
        try:
            nRadio1.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio2.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio3.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio4.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        #d1.up_dash()
        #loops += 1
        #print threading.currentThread().name, loops
        time.sleep(1)
 
def close():
    n1.connect("quit")
    root.destroy()
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    version = "v0.1"
    lock = threading.Lock()
    root = Tk()
    #w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
    #root.geometry("%dx%d+0+0" % (w, h))
    #root.geometry("300x520+0+0")
 
    root.title("AR7030 " + version)
 
    #root.withdraw()
    n1 = Network()
    #radio_count = (n1.connect("count"))
    #radio_count = 3
 
    radio_count = int(n1.connect("count"))
    #if radio_count > 0:
    #    nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")
    #if radio_count > 1:
    #    nRadio2 = nRadio(root, "2")
    #if radio_count > 2:
    #    nRadio3 = nRadio(root, "3")
    #if radio_count > 3:
    #    nRadio4 = nRadio(root, "4")
 
    nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")    
    #d1 = Dash(root)
 
    #print threading.currentThread().name
    m1 = threading.Thread(target = main)
    m1.setDaemon(True)
    m1.start()
 
    update()
 
    root.mainloop()

New (July 2022) version of aor module, with access to IF filter selection

aor_filter.py

import serial
import threading
 
 
#sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sbaud = 1200
 
lock = threading.Lock()
fract = float(2 ** 24) / 44545
 
 
class Ar7030(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=10)
        self.model = model
        self.filter = self.get_filter()
 
    def check_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        if result:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
    def set_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = ord(byte) | mask
        return result
 
    def clear_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = ~(1 << bit)
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        return result
 
    def get_ident(self):
        sendStr = '\x5f' + '\x40'
        ident = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
        return ident
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        p = self.check_bit(byte, 4)
        if p:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
        return
 
    def get_filter(self):
        sendStr= '\x50' + '\x33' + '\x44'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        #print ord(byte)
 
        return ord(byte)
 
    def set_filter(self,filt_no):
        #print "In set_filter with ", filt_no
        try:
            filt_no = int(filt_no)
        except ValueError:
            return "Not a number"
 
        if filt_no > 6:
            return "Out of range"
 
        high = 48 + (filt_no >> 4)
        low = 96 + (filt_no & 15)
 
        sendStr= '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x33' + '\x44' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x23' + '\x80'
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False,0)
 
        #self.get_filter()
 
        return "Command Sent"
 
 
 
    def pre_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte :
        # bit0 = filter FS3
        # bit1 = filter FS2
        # bit2 = filter FS1
        # bit3 = filter FS4
        # bit4 = preamp enabled
        # bit5 = atten 0 = 20dB / 1 = 40dB
        # bit6 = input filter 0 = HF / 1 = LF
        # bit7 = attenuator enabled
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 ON = preamp ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 4)
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 OFF = preamp OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 4)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        a = self.check_bit(byte, 7)
 
        if a:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
 
    def att_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 ON = ATT ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def att_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 OFF = att OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fval = freq * fract
        #print fval
        b1 = 48 + int(fval / 1048576)
        fval = fval % 1048576
        b2 = 96 + int(fval / 65536)
        fval = fval % 65536
        b3 = 48 + int(fval / 4096)
        fval = fval % 4096
        b4 = 96 + int(fval / 256)
        fval = fval % 256
        b5 = 48 + int(fval / 16)
        b6 = 96 + int(fval % 16)
 
        f_tuple = ( b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 )
 
        freqStr = ""
        for byte in f_tuple:
            freqStr += chr(byte)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a' + freqStr + '\x24' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Freq Set"
 
    def get_freq(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a'
 
        freqStr = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 3)
 
        f_val = 0
        for k in freqStr:
            f_val = f_val * 256 + ord(k)
 
        return "%.3f" % round(float(f_val / fract),2 )
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x66"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x67"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x61"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x65"
        elif mode == "data":
            set_mode_val = "\x64"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x63"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x62"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4d' + set_mode_val + '\x22' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        self.filter = self.get_filter()
 
        return "Mode sent"
 
    def get_mode(self):
 
        sendStr = "\x50" + "\x31" + "\x4d"
        m = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        mode = ""
        if m == "\x01":
            mode = "am"
        elif m == "\x02":
            mode = "s-am"
        elif m == "\x03":
            mode = "fm"
        elif m == "\x04":
            mode = "data"
        elif m == "\x05":
            mode = "cw"
        elif m == "\x06":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif m == "\x07":
            mode = "usb"
 
        return mode.upper()
 
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = '\x2e'
        sraw = self.tx_rx(sendStr, True, 0)
 
        return ord(sraw)
 
    def get_cal(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x52' + '\x3f' + '\x44' + '\x11'
        #print "sending getcal"
        cbytes = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
 
        cal = []
 
        for c in cbytes:
            cal.append(ord(c))
        #print cal
        return cal
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.get_cal()
 
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
 
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr, reply, n):
        # apply thread lock
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
 
        if reply:  # for reading S-meter
            result = ""
            while not result:
                result = self.ser.read(1)
            lock.release()
            return result
        else:
 
            result = ""
            byte = ""
            while n != 0:
                self.ser.write('\x71')
                #byte = ""
 
                while not byte:
                    byte = self.ser.read(1)
 
                result += byte
 
                byte = ""
                n -= 1
            lock.release()
            return result

New (July 2022) server with AR7030 filter selection

ar_server_filter.py

#from aor import *
from aor_filter import *
#from icom import *
from conf import *
#from m710 import *
import SocketServer
import time
 
try:
    import readline
except:
    pass
 
lock = threading.Lock()
 
radios = []
 
 
 
#r1 = Icom(n1, a1, cal1)
#radios.append(n1)
 
#r2 = m710(n4)
#radios.append(n4)
 
#r2 = Icom(n2, a2, cal2)
#radios.append(n2)
 
#r3 = Ar7030(n3)
#radios.append(n3)
 
r1 = Ar7030(n3)
radios.append(n3)
 
print radios
#print r1.digi_off()
 
#print r2.remote_on()
 
def count_radios():
    count = len(radios)
    return count
 
 
def list_radios():
    radiolist = ""
    for n in range(0, len(radios)):
        r = radios[n]
        radiolist += (r + " ")
    return radiolist
 
 
def write_file(text):
    filename = 'commandlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
def write_con(text):
    filename = 'conlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
# The Server
class ThreadedRequestHandler(SocketServer.StreamRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        # we find the current thread for the client connection just set up, to
        # use in the log file
        cur_thread = threading.currentThread()
        # log the new connection details
        write_con("Connect from %s using %s \n" % ((self.client_address[0]), cur_thread.getName()))
        # print to the server's console the new connection IP address/port
        print self.client_address
        # loop to handle client requests....
        while True:
            # using StreamRequestHandler means our input from the client
            # is  "file-like" and can be read with "file-like" commands
            # we read a line at a time, using readline()
            cmd = self.rfile.readline().lower()
            # to keep things clean, we remove any characters that aren't
            # "printable" simple ASCII
            # these are between 32 and 127 in the ASCII table
            # we look at each character, and then make a new word by
            # .join()ing each accepted character with no space in between
            asccmd = "".join(x for x in cmd if ord(x) < 128 and ord(x) > 31)
            # we make a list called "words" holding the received words which
            # will be inspected by various functions
            words = asccmd.split()
            # If a client uses sock.close() itself, to disconnect, it appears that
            # we read a continuous stream of "" on the dead
            # socket, which puts CPU to 100%.
            #
            # The "While" loop is probably responsible, but I can't see another
            # way to keep the connection up for multiple commands.
            #
            # Further connection are accepted due to the Threaded nature of the server.
            # The CPU load is unacceptable though
            # HACK ?>>>>>
            # Looking for "" and then breaking
            # the connection from the server end (even though the client has
            # gone) cures this.
            if cmd == "":
                break
            else:
                pass
            # if the words list is empty, go back and get more input
            if not words:
                continue
            # we have input....
            # filter based on the first word - these are the
            # pre-set commands the server will accept
            # the client wants to know the currently available
            # radio names - held in the variable "rnames"
            elif words[0] == "getnames":
                self.wfile.write(rnames)
            # words[-1] (the last word in the list) will always be the
            # radio name. We give the variable "my_radio" this value, for
            # identifying which radio object to apply the method to
            elif words[0] == "count":
                count = count_radios()
                self.wfile.write(count)
            elif words[0] == "ident":
                ident_text = "GM4SLV Radio Server"
                radio_list = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(ident_text + "\rAvailable : \n" + radio_list + "\r\n")
 
            elif words[0] == "setfil":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                filt_no = words[1]
                newfilt = my_radio.set_filter(filt_no)
 
                self.wfile.write(newfilt)
            elif words[0] == "getfil":
                my_radio = eval(words[1])
                filt = my_radio.get_filter()
                self.wfile.write(filt)
 
            elif words[0] == "getmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = my_radio.get_mode()
                self.wfile.write(mode)
            elif words[0] == "getfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                freq = words[1]
                freq = my_radio.get_freq()
                self.wfile.write(freq)
            elif words[0] == "setmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = words[1]
                newmode = my_radio.set_mode(mode)
                self.wfile.write(newmode)
            elif words[0] == "setfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                try:
                    freq = float(words[1])
                    newfreq = my_radio.set_freq(freq)
                    self.wfile.write(newfreq)
                except ValueError:
                    #freq = float(my_radio.get_freq())
                    self.wfile.write("Error in freq. %s No change\r\n" % words[1])
 
            elif words[0] == "getsmeter":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                smeter = round(float(my_radio.get_smeter()), 1)
                self.wfile.write(smeter)
            elif words[0] == "gets":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                s = my_radio.get_s()
                self.wfile.write(s)
            elif words[0] == "listradios":
                radios = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(radios)
            elif words[0] == "getpreamp":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.get_pre()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampon":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preamp2on":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_2_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_off()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "getatt":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.get_att()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "atton":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_on()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "attoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_off()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "tune":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                tune = my_radio.tune()
                self.wfile.write(tune)
            elif words[0] == "getpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                pwr = my_radio.get_pwr()
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "setpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                spwr = words[1]
                pwr = my_radio.set_pwr(spwr)
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "quit":
                write_con("Got quit from {}\n".format(self.client_address[0]))  # log it
                self.wfile.write("Goodbye! \r\n")  # say Goodbye
                break
            else:  # nothing in words[0] matches a pre-set command....
                write_file("Received %s\n" % words)  # log it, it's unusual
                self.wfile.write("Command not recognized\r\n")  # inform the client
 
 
class ThreadedIcomServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer):
    pass
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # define the lock to be used on the serial port access
    lock = threading.Lock()
 
    # address ('' = all available interfaces) to listen on, and port number
    address = ('', 9999)
    server = ThreadedIcomServer(address, ThreadedRequestHandler)
    server.allow_reuse_address = True
 
    # define that the server will be threaded, and will serve "forever" ie. not quit after the client disconnects
    t = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
    # start the server thread
    t.start()
 
    write_con(
        "Server loop running in thread: %s\n" % "".join(t.getName()))

Documentation

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:04:50 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, ar7030

Icom IC-R75

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Icom IC-R75

Details

Repairs / Mods

-5V DC/DC converter
- various capacitor failures

“Turn Off” fault - due to overheating of 13V regulator
- Cured by
  - Reduce input voltage to 13.8V
  - Improve heatsinking of regulator IC to chassis

Remote Control

connected to shack server via RS232
shack server running Python netradio server.py to give TCP/IP network control

laptop PC running Python netradio client.py to give user access

Available controls:

gm4slv@laptop:~/Python/PythonProjects/netradio $ python2 client.py
There are currently 1 radios connected.
=================================
Status of Radio 1 (IC-R75)

Frequency : 391.000 kHz
Mode: CW
S-Meter: -113.0dBm
1 : 0
=================================

Please choose a radio

There are currently 1 radios connected.
Radio 1 is IC-R75
Choose a radio number from the list : 1

The available commands are:
lr   : List Radios
sr   : Select the Radio to control
gr   : Get currently selected Radio name
gm   : Get Mode
sm   : Set Mode
gf   : Get Freq
sf   : Set Freq
gs   : Get S-meter
gp   : Get Pre-amp
pon  : Set Pre-amp On
poff : Set Pre-amp Off
gatt : Get Attn
aton : Set Attn On
atoff: Set Attn Off
ga   : Get All (status of all radios)
sync : Sync freq/mode on two radios
log  : Setup background logging to file
h    : Help (show this command list)
q    : quit

IC-R75 >

audio via network using PicoPhone
- running on shack laptop via Wine
- running on Windows laptop natively

Remote control is achieved via a SSH connection to shack laptop to run the netradio client.py and the RX audio can be heard via PicoPhone.

Documentation

10m/12m

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:23:23 +0000

←Radio Topics

10m/12m

A diversion into 10m and 12m

Equipment

~~Shack : CRT SS9900~~
Shack : Icom IC-706
Mobile : Anytone Smart CB for 10M

Antenna

Sleeve “T2LT” dipole
- Sloping at approx. 45°
- Choke 5T 110mm diameter air wound

Choke design recommendations :

Update 22/5/23 : Moved to fully vertical with choke/feedpoint 2m agl and tip @ 7m agl
- using 7m “Sota pole”
Update 4/6/12 : moved back to sloping configureaton on original 5m long pole, and choke/radiator/feedpoint changed to suit 12m : choke now 6T on 110m former at 3m from “feedpoint”
- radiator section lengthened to 3m.

(Photo to follow)

Propagation Data

10m WSPR Spots vs SFI & K indices

Date	Time First Spot	Time Last Spot	Power	Spots In	Min/Max/Ave km	Spots Out	Min/Max/Ave km	SFI	SSN	K	48H Flare
10/05/23	(1442)	2010	5W	3	2939 / 2939 / 2939	26	2939 / 10373 / 4043	180	151	5	M6.5
10/05/23	2332	0122	5W	7	1008 / 1605 / 1297	9	1175 / 1743 / 1348	180	151	5	M6.5

Last Update : 04/06/26 19:23 BST

Further Information

https://www.radio-workshop.co.uk/cb-radio-citizens-band-27mhz-11-metres/

radio, 10m, 11m, cb

APRS

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←APRS

APRS

VHF and HF APRS

VHF

FT8900 : 2m I-Gate GM4SLV-2 - Raspberry Pi, TNC-Pi and APRX I-Gate software
- UPDATE 6/4/24 : 2m APRS suspended. Coverage not adequate from low 2m antenna.
TM-D710 in van : GM4SLV-9 - will digipeat “WIDEn-N”
TH-D72 : GM4SLV-8
Anytone 878
- analogue : GM4SLV-7,
- DMR
  - Brandmeister → PC 234999 (Self-Care set to GM4SLV-7)
  - DMR+/Phoenix → PC 5057 → GM4SLV-7

HF

Occasional use of 30m AFSK 10,147.6kHz USB as GM4SLV-10
- IC-706 and Signalink-USB soundcard

Software

Direwolf
- HF (300 baud FSK) or VHF soundcard modem/TNC
- AGW Packet Engine TCP/IP interface to other software
- standalone iGate and Digipeater
Xastir
- Can use the Direwolf TCP/IP AGW TNC across network
WinRPR winrpr_075_2.zip
- Can act as TCP/IP KISS mode TNC providing 300 or 600 baud Robust Packet TX/RX and also simultaneous 300 baud FSK RX
APRSISCE32 aprsis32.zip
- Can use WinRPR's KISS mode TNC
UIView32 32full203.exe
- Needs to be registered first at https://www.apritch.co.uk/uiv32.htm
  - ••••••••••
- Can use Direwolf's AGW TNC across network

HF Frequencies

30m

300 Baud FSK RF centre 10149.3kHz
- 1700 Hz audio (1600/1800Hz tones)
- Dial = 10147.6kHz USB
  - alternative dial = 10151.0kHz LSB (signal can be inverted without issues)
300 baud RPR RF centre 10148.8kHz
- 1500 Hz audio
- Dial = 10147.3kHz USB
  - Normal 300 baud AFSK resolves at 2000Hz - and is decoded by WinRPR at this offset

Direwolf update : 10/04/24

Direwolf v1.6 in Debian has a minor annoyance - it decodes its own transmitted frames occasionally due to cross talk in the sound card
This is reported to be fixed in 1.7 release so I cloned the git repository and built the current 1.7 version
It has removed the annoyance of seeing (and reporting to APRS-IS) your own transmitted packets
There are other changes and improvements which I will investigate over time.
Steps to clone/build

sudo apt-get install libavahi-client-dev
git clone https://www.github.com/wb2osz/direwolf
cd direwolf
 
mkdir build && cd build
cmake ..
make -j4

Running the new version

cd src
./direwolf -c ~/direwolf.conf

A few red warnings due to changes for v1.7 not being fully compatible with the previous config options, but it runs and doesn't seem to decode its own transmissions any more.

A few tweaks to the config:

ADEVICE  plughw:2,0
 
CHANNEL 0
 
MYCALL GM4SLV-10
 
#MODEM 300 7@30
 
MODEM 300 B+
 
#FIX_BITS 1
 
TXDELAY 50
 
LOGDIR .
 
AGWPORT 8000
KISSPORT 8001
 
PBEACON sendto=0 via="WIDE1-1" delay=0:00 every=10:00 symbol="\-" lat=60^17.31N long=1^25.51W comment="30m HF Direwolf AFSK"
 
#FILTER 0 0 ( ! d/* )
#FILTER 0 0 (! b/GM4SLV-10 )
 
#IGSERVER euro.aprs2.net
 
#IGLOGIN GM4SLV-10 19626
 
#PBEACON sendto=IG delay=0:30 every=60:00 symbol="\-" lat=60^17.31N long=1^25.51W comment="30m AFSK RX Igate"
 
 
DIGIPEAT 0 0 ^WIDE[3-7]-[1-7]$|^TEST$ ^WIDE[12]-[12]$ PREEMPT
 
#IGTXLIMIT 6 10

I will remove the Debian version 1.6 and sudo make install the newly compiled v1.7 once I'm happy with it.
This version also decodes FX25 packets - which I don't fully understand yet

SP6PGH-10 audio level = 53   FX.25   75_______
[0.1] SP6PGH-10>APWW11,WIDE1-1:>100639zTest HF APRS station
Status Report, APRSISCE win32 version
Test HF APRS station
[0H] SP6PGH-10>APWW11,GM4SLV-10*:>100639zTest HF APRS station

a normal AX25 packet

IW4EGP-10 audio level = 46    _|||_____
[0.2] IW4EGP-10>APU25N,WIDE2-2:=4403.57N/01233.72E&APRS HF 30m -/D R-I  H24 {UIV32}<0x0d>
Position, HF Gateway  <= the original primary table definition, UIview 32 bit apps
N 44 03.5700, E 012 33.7200
APRS HF 30m -/D R-I  H24 {UIV32}
[0H] IW4EGP-10>APU25N,GM4SLV-10*,WIDE2-1:=4403.57N/01233.72E&APRS HF 30m -/D R-I  H24 {UIV32}<0x0d>

both of these are also digipeated my me, shown on the last line is my outgoing digipeated packet:
- [0H] SP6PGH-10>APWW11,GM4SLV-10*:>100639zTest HF APRS station
- [0H] IW4EGP-10>APU25N,GM4SLV-10*,WIDE2-1:=4403.57N/01233.72E&APRS HF 30m -/D R-I H24 {UIV32}<0x0d>

— John Pumford-Green 21/03/24 16:14

Last Update : 04/06/26 07:39 BST

Further Information

Direwolf v1.7 User Manual	user-guide_1_.pdf
aprs.fi	https://aprs.fi/info/a/GM4SLV-10

radio, aprs

MB7AZE SvxLink Config

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←SVXLink

MB7AZE is now QRT and the NoV has expired.

The following is for historical interest only….

MB7AZE SvxLink Config

Main config file

svxlink.conf

svxlink.conf

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
#                Configuration file for the SvxLink server                    #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################
 
[GLOBAL]
#MODULE_PATH=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/svxlink
LOGICS=SimplexLogic,ReflectorLogic
CFG_DIR=svxlink.d
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT="%c"
CARD_SAMPLE_RATE=48000
#CARD_CHANNELS=1
LOCATION_INFO=LocationInfo
LINKS=LinkToReflector
 
[SimplexLogic]
TYPE=Simplex
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleParrot
CALLSIGN=MB7AZE
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=15
SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE=1
SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
LONG_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=1
CW_AMP=-20
CW_PITCH=1000
CW_WPM=20
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
#REPORT_CTCSS=77.0
TX_CTCSS=ALWAYS
MACROS=Macros
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
ONLINE_CMD=998877
#MUTE_RX_ON_TX=1
#MUTE_TX_ON_RX=1
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/simplex_dtmf_ctrl
TIME_FORMAT=24
RGR_SOUND_ALWAYS=1
 
[RepeaterLogic]
TYPE=Repeater
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleTclVoiceMail
CALLSIGN=MYCALL
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=10
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
REPORT_CTCSS=136.5
#TX_CTCSS=SQL_OPEN
MACROS=Macros
#SEL5_MACRO_RANGE=03400,03499
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
#NO_REPEAT=1
IDLE_TIMEOUT=30
OPEN_ON_1750=1000
#OPEN_ON_CTCSS=136:2000
#OPEN_ON_DTMF=*
#OPEN_ON_SQL=5000
#OPEN_ON_SEL5=01234
#OPEN_SQL_FLANK=OPEN
#OPEN_ON_SQL_AFTER_RPT_CLOSE=10
IDLE_SOUND_INTERVAL=3000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MIN_TIME=1000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MAX_COUNT=10
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#IDENT_NAG_TIMEOUT=15
#IDENT_NAG_MIN_TIME=2000
#ONLINE_CMD=998877
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/repeater_dtmf_ctrl
 
[ReflectorLogic]
TYPE=Reflector
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
HOSTS="put the right server address in here"
HOST_PORT=5300
CALLSIGN=MB7AZE
AUTH_KEY="put the right password in here"
JITTER_BUFFER_DELAY=0
DEFAULT_TG=0
MONITOR_TGS=8,91,235,2350,2351,23520,23590,23561
TG_SELECT_TIMEOUT=60
ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL=300
MUTE_FIRST_TX_LOC=0
MUTE_FIRST_TX_REM=0
TMP_MONITOR_TIMEOUT=3600
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
NODE_INFO_FILE=/usr/local/etc/svxlink/node_info.json
 
[LinkToReflector]
CONNECT_LOGICS=SimplexLogic:9:,ReflectorLogic
DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#AUTOACTIVATE_ON_SQL=RepeaterLogic
OPTIONS=DEFAULT_CONNECT,NO_DISCONNECT
 
[QsoRecorder]
REC_DIR=/var/spool/svxlink/qso_recorder
#MIN_TIME=1000
MAX_TIME=3600
SOFT_TIME=300
MAX_DIRSIZE=1024
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#QSO_TIMEOUT=300
#ENCODER_CMD=/usr/bin/oggenc -Q \"%f\" && rm \"%f\"
 
[Voter]
TYPE=Voter
RECEIVERS=Rx1,Rx2,Rx3
VOTING_DELAY=200
BUFFER_LENGTH=0
#REVOTE_INTERVAL=1000
#HYSTERESIS=50
#SQL_CLOSE_REVOTE_DELAY=500
#RX_SWITCH_DELAY=500
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/voter_ctrl
 
[MultiTx]
TYPE=Multi
TRANSMITTERS=Tx1,Tx2,Tx3
 
[NetRx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.rx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[NetTx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.tx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[Rx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
SQL_DET=CTCSS
SQL_START_DELAY=0
SQL_DELAY=0
SQL_HANGTIME=200
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME=1000
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME_THRESH=15
#SQL_TIMEOUT=600
VOX_FILTER_DEPTH=20
VOX_THRESH=1000
#CTCSS_MODE=2
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
#CTCSS_SNR_OFFSET=0
#CTCSS_OPEN_THRESH=15
#CTCSS_CLOSE_THRESH=9
#CTCSS_BPF_LOW=60
#CTCSS_BPF_HIGH=270
#SERIAL_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0
#SERIAL_PIN=CTS
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=
#EVDEV_DEVNAME=/dev/input/by-id/usb-SYNIC_SYNIC_Wireless_Audio-event-if03
#EVDEV_OPEN=1,163,1
#EVDEV_CLOSE=1,163,0
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#GPIO_SQL_PIN=gpio25
#PTY_PATH=/tmp/rx1_sql
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_SQL_PIN=!VOL_DN
#SIGLEV_DET=NOISE
SIGLEV_SLOPE=1
SIGLEV_OFFSET=0
#SIGLEV_BOGUS_THRESH=120
#TONE_SIGLEV_MAP=100,84,60,50,37,32,28,23,19,8
SIGLEV_OPEN_THRESH=30
SIGLEV_CLOSE_THRESH=10
DEEMPHASIS=1
#SQL_TAIL_ELIM=300
PREAMP=-0.5
#PEAK_METER=1
DTMF_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
DTMF_MUTING=1
DTMF_HANGTIME=40
DTMF_SERIAL=/dev/ttyS0
#DTMF_PTY=/tmp/rx1_dtmf
#DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST=8
#DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST=4
#1750_MUTING=1
#SEL5_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
#SEL5_TYPE=ZVEI1
#FQ=433475000
#MODULATION=FM
#WBRX=WbRx1
 
[WbRx1]
#TYPE=RtlUsb
#DEV_MATCH=0
#HOST=localhost
#PORT=1234
#CENTER_FQ=435075000
#FQ_CORR=0
#GAIN=0
#PEAK_METER=1
#SAMPLE_RATE=960000
 
[Tx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
PTT_TYPE=Hidraw
#PTT_PORT=/dev/ttyS0
#PTT_PIN=HIDRAW
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_PTT_PIN=GPIO3
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=DTR!RTS
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#PTT_HANGTIME=1000
TIMEOUT=300
TX_DELAY=500
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
CTCSS_LEVEL=20
PREEMPHASIS=1
DTMF_TONE_LENGTH=100
DTMF_TONE_SPACING=50
DTMF_DIGIT_PWR=-15
MASTER_GAIN=-3.5
 
[LocationInfo]
APRS_SERVER_LIST=euro.aprs2.net:14580
STATUS_SERVER_LIST=aprs.echolink.org:5199
LON_POSITION=1.25.30W
LAT_POSITION=60.17.18N
CALLSIGN=EL-MB7AZE
FREQUENCY=430.050
TX_POWER=1
ANTENNA_GAIN=0
ANTENNA_HEIGHT=1m
ANTENNA_DIR=-1
#PATH=WIDE1-1
BEACON_INTERVAL=60
TONE=77
COMMENT=Connected to UK Svx Reflector
 
[Macros]
1=EchoLink:9999#
2=EchoLink:973498#
3=EchoLink:662666#
4=:91235#
5=:9123561#
9=:910#

Audio levels

Devcal

Use the devcal program to set RX and TX audio levels.

This allows adjustment of alsamixer settings and then for fine tuning adjustment of PRE-AMP (for RX) and MASTER GAIN (for TX) config options to set the correct audio level INPUT on RX and deviation on TX.

Once the correct PRE-AMP or MASTER GAIN values have been determined in DEVCAL they are added to the relevant sections in svxlink.conf

To use DEVCAL first sudo killall svxlink

For Receive audio input:

sudo devcal -r -m=3000 -d=3000 /usr/local/etc/svxlink/svxlink.conf Rx1

Inject a signal to the radio @ ±3kHz deviation Adjust audio input level via

radio volume control
alsamixer Mic Capture level
devcal +/- to adjust PRE-AMP setting

until the displayed deviation agrees with the input signal's deviation.

Quit devcal

Transfer the displayed PRE-AMP value to the conf file.

For Transmit audio output

Monitor TX deviation

sudo devcal -t -m=3000 -d=3000 /usr/local/etc/svxlink/svxlink.conf Tx1

Toggle TX with T

Adjust

Alsamixer output
devcal +/-

to achieve ±3kHz TX deviation.

Turn off TX with T

Quit devcal

Copy the displayed MASTER GAIN value to the conf file.

sudo alsactl store

to save current mixer levels.

To prevent Echolink incoming connections while a Talkgroup is active

Uncomment :

proc tg_selected {new_tg old_tg} {
  puts "### tg_selected #$new_tg (old #$old_tg)"
  # Reject incoming Echolink connections while a talkgroup is active
  if {$new_tg != 0} {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^.*$"
  } else {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^$"
  }
}

in /usr/local/share/svxlink/events.d/local/ReflectorLogic.tcl

<svxinstall>/events.d/local/

Here are the 3 files containing tweaks to the standard behaviour.

Editing the original files (in events.d/) would work, but would get overwritten if the software is upgraded/re-installed. Putting local copies in events.d/local means the changes survive upgrades etc.

The actual path is:

/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.d/local/

I'll try to document what is different once I refresh my memory.

ReflectorLogic.tcl

###############################################################################
#
# ReflectorLogic event handlers
#
###############################################################################

#
# This is the namespace in which all functions below will exist. The name
# must match the corresponding section "[ReflectorLogic]" in the configuration
# file. The name may be changed but it must be changed in both places.
#
namespace eval ReflectorLogic {
 
# The currently selected TG. Variable set from application.
variable selected_tg 0

# The previously selected TG. Variable set from application.
variable previous_tg 0

# Timestamp for previous TG announcement
variable prev_announce_time 0

# The previously announced TG
variable prev_announce_tg 0

# The minimum time between announcements of the same TG.
# Change through ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL config variable.
variable announce_remote_min_interval 0

# This variable will be set to 1 if the QSY pending feature ("QSY on squelch
# activity") is active. See configuration variable QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT.
variable qsy_pending_active 0

#
# Checking to see if this is the correct logic core
#
if {$logic_name != [namespace tail [namespace current]]} {
  return;
}

 
#
# Executed when an unknown command is received
#   cmd - The command string
#
proc unknown_command {cmd} {
  Logic::unknown_command $cmd;
}

 
#
# Executed when a received command fails
#
proc command_failed {cmd} {
  Logic::command_failed $cmd;
}

 
#
# Executed when manual TG announcement is triggered
#
proc report_tg_status {} {
  variable selected_tg
  variable previous_tg
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
  playSilence 100
  if {$selected_tg > 0} {
    set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
    set prev_announce_tg $selected_tg
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $selected_tg
  } else {
    playMsg "Core" "previous"
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $previous_tg
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected
# This function is called immediately when a change in talkgroup selection
# occurs. In constrast, the other more specific talkgroup selection event
# functions below is called with a delay in order to make announcement ordering
# more logical.
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_selected {new_tg old_tg} {
  puts "### tg_selected #$new_tg (old #$old_tg)"
  # Reject incoming Echolink connections while a talkgroup is active
  if {$new_tg != 0} {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^.*$"
  } else {
    setConfigValue "ModuleEchoLink" "REJECT_INCOMING" "^$"
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to local activity
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_local_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
  variable selected_tg
 
  puts "### tg_local_activation"
  if {$new_tg != $old_tg} {
    set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
    set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
    playSilence 100
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $new_tg
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to remote activity
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_remote_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
  variable announce_remote_min_interval
 
  puts "### tg_remote_activation"
  set now [clock seconds];
  if {($new_tg == $prev_announce_tg) && \
      ($now - $prev_announce_time < $announce_remote_min_interval)} {
    return;
  }
  if {$new_tg != $old_tg} {
    set prev_announce_time $now
    set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
    playSilence 100
    playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
    spellNumber $new_tg
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to remote activity on a prioritized
# monitored talk group while a lower prio talk group is selected
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_remote_prio_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  tg_remote_activation $new_tg $old_tg
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected by DTMF command
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_command_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
 
  puts "### tg_command_activation"
  set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
  set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
  spellNumber $new_tg
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG has been selected due to DEFAULT_TG configuration
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_default_activation {new_tg old_tg} {
  #variable prev_announce_time
  #variable prev_announce_tg
  #variable selected_tg
  puts "### tg_default_activation"
  #if {$new_tg != $old_tg} {
  #  set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
  #  set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
  #  playSilence 100
  #  playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
  # spellNumber $new_tg
  #}
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request have been acted upon
#
#   new_tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_qsy {new_tg old_tg} {
  variable prev_announce_time
  variable prev_announce_tg
 
  puts "### tg_qsy"
  set prev_announce_time [clock seconds]
  set prev_announce_tg $new_tg
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
  #playMsg "Core" "talk_group"
  spellNumber $new_tg
}

 
#
# Executed when a QSY is followed due to squelch open (see QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT)
#
#   tg -- The talk group that has been activated
#
proc tg_qsy_on_sql {tg} {
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request fails
#
# A TG QSY may fail for primarily two reasons, either no talk group is
# currently active or there is no connection to the reflector server.
#
proc tg_qsy_failed {} {
  puts "### tg_qsy_failed"
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
  playSilence 200
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed"
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request is pending
#
# tg -- The talk group requested in the QSY
#
proc tg_qsy_pending {tg} {
  playSilence 100
  playMsg "Core" "qsy"
  spellNumber $tg
  playMsg "Core" "pending"
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG QSY request is ignored
#
# tg -- The talk group requested in the QSY
#
proc tg_qsy_ignored {tg} {
  variable qsy_pending_active
  playSilence 100
  if {!$qsy_pending_active} {
    playMsg "Core" "qsy"
    spellNumber $tg
  }
  playMsg "Core" "ignored"
  playSilence 500
  playTone 880 200 50
  playTone 659 200 50
  playTone 440 200 50
  playSilence 100
}

 
#
# Executed when a TG selection has timed out
#
#   new_tg -- Always 0
#   old_tg -- The talk group that was active
#
proc tg_selection_timeout {new_tg old_tg} {
  puts "### tg_selection_timeout"
  if {$old_tg != 0} {
    playSilence 50
    playTone 880 200 50
    playTone 659 200 50
    playTone 440 200 50
    playSilence 50
#  } else {
#    playSilence 50
#    playTone 440 200 150
#    playSilence 50
 
}
}

#
# Executed on talker start
#
#   tg        -- The talk group
#   callsign  -- The callsign of the talker node
#
proc talker_start {tg callsign} {
  #puts "### Talker DID start on TG #$tg: $callsign"
}

 
#
# Executed on talker stop
#
#   tg        -- The talk group
#   callsign  -- The callsign of the talker node
#
proc talker_stop {tg callsign} {
  variable selected_tg
  variable ::Logic::CFG_CALLSIGN
  #puts "### Talker DID stop on TG #$tg: $callsign"
  if {($tg == $selected_tg) && ($callsign != $::Logic::CFG_CALLSIGN)} {
    playSilence 100
    playTone 440 200 50
    playTone 659 200 50
    playTone 880 200 50
    playSilence 100
  }
}

 
#
# A talk group was added for temporary monitoring
#
#   tg -- The added talk group
#
proc tmp_monitor_add {tg} {
  puts "### tmp_monitor_add: $tg"
  playSilence 50
  playMsg "Default" "activating"
  playMsg "Core" "monitor"
  spellNumber $tg
}

 
#
# A talk group was removed from temporary monitoring
#
#   tg -- The removed talk group
#
proc tmp_monitor_remove {tg} {
  puts "### tmp_monitor_remove: $tg"
  playSilence 50
  playMsg "Default" "deactivating"
  playMsg "Core" "monitor"
  spellNumber $tg
}
 
 
if [info exists ::Logic::CFG_ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL] {
  set announce_remote_min_interval $::Logic::CFG_ANNOUNCE_REMOTE_MIN_INTERVAL
}
 
if [info exists ::Logic::CFG_QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT] {
  if {$::Logic::CFG_QSY_PENDING_TIMEOUT > 0} {
    set qsy_pending_active 1
  }
}

 
# end of namespace
}

 
#
# This file has not been truncated
#

Logic.tcl

###############################################################################
#
# Generic Logic event handlers
#
###############################################################################

#
# This is the namespace in which all functions and variables below will exist.
#
namespace eval Logic {
 
 
#
# A variable used to store a timestamp for the last identification.
#
variable prev_ident 0;
 
#
# A constant that indicates the minimum time in seconds to wait between two
# identifications. Manual and long identifications is not affected.
#
variable min_time_between_ident 120;
 
#
# Short and long identification intervals. They are setup from config
# variables below.
#
variable short_ident_interval 0;
variable long_ident_interval 0;
 
variable short_voice_id_enable  1
variable short_cw_id_enable     0
variable short_announce_enable  0
variable short_announce_file    ""
 
variable long_voice_id_enable   1
variable long_cw_id_enable      0
variable long_announce_enable   0
variable long_announce_file     ""

#
# The ident_only_after_tx variable indicates if identification is only to
# occur after the node has transmitted. The variable is setup below from the
# configuration variable with the same name.
# The need_ident variable indicates if identification is needed.
#
variable ident_only_after_tx 0;
variable need_ident 0;
 
#
# List of functions that should be called periodically. Use the
# addMinuteTickSubscriber and addSecondTickSubscriber functions to
# add subscribers.
#
variable minute_tick_subscribers [list];
variable second_tick_subscribers [list];
 
#
# Contains the ID of the last receiver that indicated squelch activity
#
variable sql_rx_id "?";
 
#
# Executed when the SvxLink software is started
#
proc startup {} {
  #playMsg "Core" "online"
  #send_short_ident
}

 
#
# Executed when a specified module could not be found
#   module_id - The numeric ID of the module
#
proc no_such_module {module_id} {
  playMsg "Core" "no_such_module";
  playNumber $module_id;
}

 
#
# Executed when a manual identification is initiated with the * DTMF code
#
proc manual_identification {} {
  global mycall;
  global report_ctcss;
  global active_module;
  global loaded_modules;
  variable CFG_TYPE;
  variable prev_ident;
 
  set epoch [clock seconds];
  set hour [clock format $epoch -format "%k"];
  regexp {([1-5]?\d)$} [clock format $epoch -format "%M"] -> minute;
  set prev_ident $epoch;
 
  playMsg "Core" "online";
  spellWord $mycall;
  if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
    playMsg "Core" "repeater";
  }
  playSilence 250;
  playMsg "Core" "the_time_is";
  playTime $hour $minute;
  playSilence 250;
  if {$report_ctcss > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "pl_is";
    playFrequency $report_ctcss
    playSilence 300;
  }
  if {$active_module != ""} {
    playMsg "Core" "active_module";
    playMsg $active_module "name";
    playSilence 250;
    set func "::";
    append func $active_module "::status_report";
    if {"[info procs $func]" ne ""} {
      $func;
    }
  } else {
    foreach module [split $loaded_modules " "] {
      set func "::";
      append func $module "::status_report";
      if {"[info procs $func]" ne ""} {
	$func;
      }
    }
  }
  #playMsg "Default" "press_0_for_help"
  #playSilence 250;
}

 
#
# Executed when a short identification should be sent
#   hour    - The hour on which this identification occur
#   minute  - The minute on which this identification occur
#
proc send_short_ident {{hour -1} {minute -1}} {
  global mycall;
  variable CFG_TYPE;
  variable short_announce_file
  variable short_announce_enable
  variable short_voice_id_enable
  variable short_cw_id_enable

  # Play voice id if enabled
  if {$short_voice_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing short voice ID"
    spellWord $mycall;
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      playMsg "Core" "repeater";
    }
    playSilence 500;
  }

  # Play announcement file if enabled
  if {$short_announce_enable} {
    puts "Playing short announce"
    if [file exist "$short_announce_file"] {
      playFile "$short_announce_file"
      playSilence 500
    }
  }

  # Play CW id if enabled
  if {$short_cw_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing short CW ID"
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      set call "$mycall/R"
      CW::play $call
    } else {
      CW::play $mycall
    }
    playSilence 500;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a long identification (e.g. hourly) should be sent
#   hour    - The hour on which this identification occur
#   minute  - The minute on which this identification occur
#
proc send_long_ident {hour minute} {
  global mycall;
  global loaded_modules;
  global active_module;
  variable CFG_TYPE;
  variable long_announce_file
  variable long_announce_enable
  variable long_voice_id_enable
  variable long_cw_id_enable

  # Play the voice ID if enabled
  if {$long_voice_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing Long voice ID"
    spellWord $mycall;
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      playMsg "Core" "repeater";
    }
    playSilence 500;
    playMsg "Core" "the_time_is";
    playSilence 100;
    playTime $hour $minute;
    playSilence 500;
 
    # Call the "status_report" function in all modules if no module is active
    if {$active_module == ""} {
      foreach module [split $loaded_modules " "] {
        set func "::";
        append func $module "::status_report";
        if {"[info procs $func]" ne ""} {
          $func;
        }
      }
    }
 
    playSilence 500;
  }

  # Play announcement file if enabled
  if {$long_announce_enable} {
    puts "Playing long announce"
    if [file exist "$long_announce_file"] {
      playFile "$long_announce_file"
      playSilence 500
    }
  }

  # Play CW id if enabled
  if {$long_cw_id_enable} {
    puts "Playing long CW ID"
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      set call "$mycall/R"
      CW::play $call
    } else {
      CW::play $mycall
    }
    playSilence 100
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the squelch have just closed and the RGR_SOUND_DELAY timer has
# expired.
#
proc send_rgr_sound {} {
  variable sql_rx_id
 
  if {$sql_rx_id != "?"} {
    # 150 CPM, 1000 Hz, -4 dBFS
    CW::play $sql_rx_id 150 1000 -4
    set sql_rx_id "?"
  } else {
    playTone 440 500 100
  }
  playSilence 100
}

 
#
# Executed when an empty macro command (i.e. D#) has been entered.
#
proc macro_empty {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when an entered macro command could not be found
#
proc macro_not_found {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a macro syntax error occurs (configuration error).
#
proc macro_syntax_error {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when the specified module in a macro command is not found
# (configuration error).
#
proc macro_module_not_found {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when the activation of the module specified in the macro command
# failed.
#
proc macro_module_activation_failed {} {
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a macro command is executed that requires a module to
# be activated but another module is already active.
#
proc macro_another_active_module {} {
  global active_module;
 
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
  playMsg "Core" "active_module";
  playMsg $active_module "name";
}

 
#
# Executed when an unknown DTMF command is entered
#   cmd - The command string
#
proc unknown_command {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "Core" "unknown_command";
}

 
#
# Executed when an entered DTMF command failed
#   cmd - The command string
#
proc command_failed {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "Core" "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a link to another logic core is activated.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc activating_link {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "activating_link_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a link to another logic core is deactivated.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc deactivating_link {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "deactivating_link_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to deactivate a link to another logic core but the
# link is not currently active.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc link_not_active {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "link_not_active_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to activate a link to another logic core but the
# link is already active.
#   name  - The name of the link
#
proc link_already_active {name} {
  if {[string length $name] > 0} {
    playMsg "Core" "link_already_active_to";
    spellWord $name;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed each time the transmitter is turned on or off
#   is_on - Set to 1 if the transmitter is on or 0 if it's off
#
proc transmit {is_on} {
  #puts "Turning the transmitter $is_on";
  variable prev_ident;
  variable need_ident;
  if {$is_on && ([clock seconds] - $prev_ident > 5)} {
    set need_ident 1;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed each time the squelch is opened or closed
#   rx_id   - The ID of the RX that the squelch opened/closed on
#   is_open - Set to 1 if the squelch is open or 0 if it's closed
#
proc squelch_open {rx_id is_open} {
  variable sql_rx_id;
  #puts "The squelch is $is_open on RX $rx_id";
  set sql_rx_id $rx_id;
}

 
#
# Executed when a DTMF digit has been received
#   digit     - The detected DTMF digit
#   duration  - The duration, in milliseconds, of the digit
#
# Return 1 to hide the digit from further processing in SvxLink or
# return 0 to make SvxLink continue processing as normal.
#
proc dtmf_digit_received {digit duration} {
  #puts "DTMF digit \"$digit\" detected with duration $duration ms";
  return 0;
}

 
#
# Executed when a DTMF command has been received
#   cmd - The command
#
# Return 1 to hide the command from further processing is SvxLink or
# return 0 to make SvxLink continue processing as normal.
#
# This function can be used to implement your own custom commands or to disable
# DTMF commands that you do not want users to execute.
proc dtmf_cmd_received {cmd} {
  #global active_module

  # Example: Ignore all commands starting with 3 in the EchoLink module.
  #          Allow commands that have four or more digits.
  #if {$active_module == "EchoLink"} {
  #  if {[string length $cmd] < 4 && [string index $cmd 0] == "3"} {
  #    puts "Ignoring random connect command for module EchoLink: $cmd"
  #    return 1
  #  }
  #}

  # Handle the "force core command" mode where a command is forced to be
  # executed by the core command processor instead of by an active module.
  # The "force core command" mode is entered by prefixing a command by a star.
  #if {$active_module != "" && [string index $cmd 0] != "*"} {
  #  return 0
  #}
  #if {[string index $cmd 0] == "*"} {
  #  set cmd [string range $cmd 1 end]
  #}

  # Example: Custom command executed when DTMF 99 is received
  #if {$cmd == "99"} {
  #  puts "Executing external command"
  #  playMsg "Core" "online"
  #  exec ls &
  #  return 1
  #}
 
  return 0
}

 
#
# Executed once every whole minute. Don't put any code here directly
# Create a new function and add it to the timer tick subscriber list
# by using the function addMinuteTickSubscriber.
#
proc every_minute {} {
  variable minute_tick_subscribers;
  #puts [clock format [clock seconds] -format "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"];
  foreach subscriber $minute_tick_subscribers {
    $subscriber;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed once every whole minute. Don't put any code here directly
# Create a new function and add it to the timer tick subscriber list
# by using the function addSecondTickSubscriber.
#
proc every_second {} {
  variable second_tick_subscribers;
  #puts [clock format [clock seconds] -format "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"];
  foreach subscriber $second_tick_subscribers {
    $subscriber;
  }
}

 
#
# Deprecated: Use the addMinuteTickSubscriber function instead
#
proc addTimerTickSubscriber {func} {
  puts "*** WARNING: Calling deprecated TCL event handler addTimerTickSubcriber."
  puts "             Use addMinuteTickSubscriber instead"
  addMinuteTickSubscriber $func;
}

 
#
# Use this function to add a function to the list of functions that
# should be executed once every whole minute. This is not an event
# function but rather a management function.
#
proc addMinuteTickSubscriber {func} {
  variable minute_tick_subscribers;
  lappend minute_tick_subscribers $func;
}

 
#
# Use this function to add a function to the list of functions that
# should be executed once every second. This is not an event
# function but rather a management function.
#
proc addSecondTickSubscriber {func} {
  variable second_tick_subscribers;
  lappend second_tick_subscribers $func;
}

 
#
# Should be executed once every whole minute to check if it is time to
# identify. Not exactly an event function. This function handle the
# identification logic and call the send_short_ident or send_long_ident
# functions when it is time to identify.
#
proc checkPeriodicIdentify {} {
  variable prev_ident;
  variable short_ident_interval;
  variable long_ident_interval;
  variable min_time_between_ident;
  variable ident_only_after_tx;
  variable need_ident;
  global logic_name;
 
  if {$short_ident_interval == 0} {
    return;
  }
 
  set now [clock seconds];
  set hour [clock format $now -format "%k"];
  regexp {([1-5]?\d)$} [clock format $now -format "%M"] -> minute;
 
  set short_ident_now \
      	    [expr {($hour * 60 + $minute) % $short_ident_interval == 0}];
  set long_ident_now 0;
  if {$long_ident_interval != 0} {
    set long_ident_now \
      	    [expr {($hour * 60 + $minute) % $long_ident_interval == 0}];
  }
 
  if {$long_ident_now} {
    puts "$logic_name: Sending long identification...";
    send_long_ident $hour $minute;
    set prev_ident $now;
    set need_ident 0;
  } else {
    if {$now - $prev_ident < $min_time_between_ident} {
      return;
    }
    if {$ident_only_after_tx && !$need_ident} {
      return;
    }
 
    if {$short_ident_now} {
      puts "$logic_name: Sending short identification...";
      send_short_ident $hour $minute;
      set prev_ident $now;
      set need_ident 0;
    }
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the QSO recorder is being activated
#
proc activating_qso_recorder {} {
  playMsg "Core" "activating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when the QSO recorder is being deactivated
#
proc deactivating_qso_recorder {} {
  playMsg "Core" "deactivating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to deactivate the QSO recorder even though it's
# not active
#
proc qso_recorder_not_active {} {
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
  playMsg "Core" "not_active";
}

 
#
# Executed when trying to activate the QSO recorder even though it's
# already active
#
proc qso_recorder_already_active {} {
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
  playMsg "Core" "already_active";
}

 
#
# Executed when the timeout kicks in to activate the QSO recorder
#
proc qso_recorder_timeout_activate {} {
  playMsg "Core" "timeout"
  playMsg "Core" "activating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when the timeout kicks in to deactivate the QSO recorder
#
proc qso_recorder_timeout_deactivate {} {
  playMsg "Core" "timeout"
  playMsg "Core" "deactivating";
  playMsg "Core" "qso_recorder";
}

 
#
# Executed when the user is requesting a language change
#
proc set_language {lang_code} {
  global logic_name;
  puts "$logic_name: Setting language $lang_code (NOT IMPLEMENTED)";
 
}

 
#
# Executed when the user requests a list of available languages
#
proc list_languages {} {
  global logic_name;
  puts "$logic_name: Available languages: (NOT IMPLEMENTED)";
 
}

 
#
# Executed when the node is being brought online or offline
#
proc logic_online {online} {
  global mycall
  variable CFG_TYPE
 
  if {$online} {
    playMsg "Core" "online";
    spellWord $mycall;
    if {$CFG_TYPE == "Repeater"} {
      playMsg "Core" "repeater";
    }
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a configuration variable is updated at runtime in the logic
# core
#
proc config_updated {tag value} {
  #puts "Configuration variable updated: $tag=$value"
}

 
#
# Executed when a DTMF command is received from another linked logic core
#
#   logic -- The name of the logic core
#   cmd   -- The received command
#
proc remote_cmd_received {logic cmd} {
  #puts "Remote command received from logic $logic: $cmd"
  #playDtmf "$cmd" "500" "50"
}

 
#
# Executed when a talkgroup is received from another linked logic core
#
#   logic -- The name of the logic core
#   tg    -- The received talkgroup
#
proc remote_received_tg_updated {logic tg} {
  #puts "Remote TG received from logic $logic: $tg"
  #if {$tg > 0} {
  #  playDtmf "1$tg" "500" "50"
  #}
}

 
##############################################################################
#
# Main program
#
##############################################################################
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL] {
  if {$CFG_SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL > 0} {
    set short_ident_interval $CFG_SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL;
  }
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL] {
  if {$CFG_LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL > 0} {
    set long_ident_interval $CFG_LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL;
    if {$short_ident_interval == 0} {
      set short_ident_interval $long_ident_interval;
    }
  }
}
 
if [info exists CFG_IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX] {
  if {$CFG_IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX > 0} {
    set ident_only_after_tx $CFG_IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX;
  }
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE] {
  set short_announce_enable $CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_FILE] {
  set short_announce_file $CFG_SHORT_ANNOUNCE_FILE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE] {
  set short_voice_id_enable $CFG_SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE] {
  set short_cw_id_enable $CFG_SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE] {
  set long_announce_enable $CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_FILE] {
  set long_announce_file $CFG_LONG_ANNOUNCE_FILE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_VOICE_ID_ENABLE] {
  set long_voice_id_enable $CFG_LONG_VOICE_ID_ENABLE
}
 
if [info exists CFG_LONG_CW_ID_ENABLE] {
  set long_cw_id_enable $CFG_LONG_CW_ID_ENABLE
}

 
# end of namespace
}

#
# This file has not been truncated
#

EchoLink.tcl

###############################################################################
#
# EchoLink module event handlers
#
###############################################################################

#
# This is the namespace in which all functions and variables below will exist.
# The name must match the configuration variable "NAME" in the
# [ModuleEchoLink] section in the configuration file. The name may be changed
# but it must be changed in both places.
#
namespace eval EchoLink {
 
#
# Check if this module is loaded in the current logic core
#
if {![info exists CFG_ID]} {
  return;
}

#
# Extract the module name from the current namespace
#
set module_name [namespace tail [namespace current]];
 
#
# An "overloaded" playMsg that eliminates the need to write the module name
# as the first argument.
#
proc playMsg {msg} {
  variable module_name;
  ::playMsg $module_name $msg;
}

 
#
# A convenience function for printing out information prefixed by the
# module name
#
proc printInfo {msg} {
  variable module_name;
  puts "$module_name: $msg";
}

 
#
# This variable is updated by the EchoLink module when a station connects or
# disconnects. It contains the number of currently connected stations.
#
variable num_connected_stations 0;
 
 
#
# Executed when this module is being activated
#
proc activating_module {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::activating_module $module_name;
}

 
#
# Executed when this module is being deactivated.
#
proc deactivating_module {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::deactivating_module $module_name;
}

 
#
# Executed when the inactivity timeout for this module has expired.
#
proc timeout {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::timeout $module_name;
}

 
#
# Executed when playing of the help message for this module has been requested.
#
proc play_help {} {
  variable module_name;
  Module::play_help $module_name;
}

 
#
# Spell an EchoLink callsign
#
proc spellEchoLinkCallsign {call} {
  global langdir
  if [regexp {^(\w+)-L$} $call ignored callsign] {
    spellWord $callsign
    playSilence 50
    playMsg "link"
  } elseif [regexp {^(\w+)-R$} $call ignored callsign] {
    spellWord $callsign
    playSilence 50
    playMsg "repeater"
  } elseif [regexp {^\*(.+)\*$} $call ignored name] {
    playMsg "conference"
    playSilence 50
    set lc_name [string tolower $name]
    if [file exists "$langdir/EchoLink/conf-$lc_name.wav"] {
      playFile "$langdir/EchoLink/conf-$lc_name.wav"
    } else {
      spellEchoLinkCallsign $name
    }
  } else {
    spellWord $call
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a request to list all connected stations is received.
# That is, someone press DTMF "1#" when the EchoLink module is active.
#
proc list_connected_stations {connected_stations} {
  playNumber [llength $connected_stations];
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "connected_stations";
  foreach {call} "$connected_stations" {
    spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
    playSilence 250;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when someone tries to setup an outgoing EchoLink connection but
# the directory server is offline due to communications failure.
#
proc directory_server_offline {} {
  playMsg "directory_server_offline";
}

 
#
# Executed when the limit for maximum number of QSOs has been reached and
# an outgoing connection request is received.
#
proc no_more_connections_allowed {} {
  # FIXME: Change the message to something that makes more sense...
  playMsg "link_busy";
}

 
#
# Executed when a status report is requested. This usually happens at
# manual identification when the user press DTMF "*".
#
proc status_report {} {
  variable num_connected_stations;
  variable module_name;
  global active_module;
 
  if {$active_module == $module_name} {
    playNumber $num_connected_stations;
    playMsg "connected_stations";
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when an EchoLink id cannot be found in an outgoing connect request.
#
proc station_id_not_found {station_id} {
  playNumber $station_id;
  playMsg "not_found";
}

 
#
# Executed when the lookup of an EchoLink callsign fail in an outgoing connect
# request.
#
proc lookup_failed {station_id} {
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a local user tries to connect to the local node.
#
proc self_connect {} {
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when a local user tries to connect to a node that is already
# connected.
#
proc already_connected_to {call} {
  playMsg "already_connected_to";
  playSilence 50;
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
}

 
#
# Executed when an internal error occurs.
#
proc internal_error {} {
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when an outgoing connection has been requested.
#
proc connecting_to {call} {
  playMsg "connecting_to";
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when an EchoLink connection has been terminated
#
proc disconnected {call} {
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playMsg "disconnected";
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when an incoming EchoLink connection has been accepted.
#
proc remote_connected {call} {
  playMsg "connected";
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when an outgoing connection has been established.
#   call - The callsign of the remote station
#
proc connected {call} {
  #puts "Outgoing Echolink connection to $call established"
  playMsg "connected";
  playSilence 500;
}

 
#
# Executed when the list of connected remote EchoLink clients changes
#   client_list - List of connected clients
#
proc client_list_changed {client_list} {
  #foreach {call} $client_list {
  #  puts $call
  #}
}

 
#
# Executed when the EchoLink connection has been idle for too long. The
# connection will be terminated.
#
proc link_inactivity_timeout {} {
  playMsg "timeout";
}

 
#
# Executed when a too short connect by callsign command is received
#
proc cbc_too_short_cmd {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when the connect by callsign function cannot find a match
#
proc cbc_no_match {code} {
  playNumber $code;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "no_match";
}

 
#
# Executed when the connect by callsign list has been retrieved
#
proc cbc_list {call_list} {
  playMsg "choose_station";
  set idx 0;
  foreach {call} $call_list {
    incr idx;
    playSilence 500;
    playNumber $idx;
    playSilence 200;
    spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the connect by callsign function is manually aborted
#
proc cbc_aborted {} {
  playMsg "aborted";
}

 
#
# Executed when an out of range index is entered in the connect by callsign
# list
#
proc cbc_index_out_of_range {idx} {
  playNumber $idx;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "idx_out_of_range";
}

 
#
# Executed when there are more than nine matches in the connect by
# callsign function
#
proc cbc_too_many_matches {} {
  playMsg "too_many_matches";
}

 
#
# Executed when no station have been chosen in 60 seconds in the connect
# by callsign function
#
proc cbc_timeout {} {
  playMsg "aborted";
}

 
#
# Executed when the disconnect by callsign list has been retrieved
#
proc dbc_list {call_list} {
  playMsg "disconnect_by_callsign";
  playSilence 200
  playMsg "choose_station";
  set idx 0;
  foreach {call} $call_list {
    incr idx;
    playSilence 500;
    playNumber $idx;
    playSilence 200;
    spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when the disconnect by callsign function is manually aborted
#
proc dbc_aborted {} {
  playMsg "disconnect_by_callsign";
  playMsg "aborted";
}

 
#
# Executed when an out of range index is entered in the disconnect by callsign
# list
#
proc dbc_index_out_of_range {idx} {
  playNumber $idx;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "idx_out_of_range";
}

 
#
# Executed when no station have been chosen in 60 seconds in the disconnect
# by callsign function
#
proc dbc_timeout {} {
  playMsg "disconnect_by_callsign";
  playMsg "timeout";
}

 
#
# Executed when a local user enter the DTMF code for playing back the
# local node ID.
#
proc play_node_id {my_node_id} {
  playMsg "node_id_is";
  playSilence 200;
  if { $my_node_id != 0} {
    playNumber $my_node_id;
  } else {
    playMsg "unknown";
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when an entered command failed or have bad syntax.
#
proc command_failed {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "operation_failed";
}

 
#
# Executed when an unrecognized command has been received.
#
proc unknown_command {cmd} {
  spellWord $cmd;
  playMsg "unknown_command";
}

 
#
# Executed when the listen only feature is activated or deactivated
#   status    - The current status of the feature (0=deactivated, 1=activated)
#   activate  - The requested new status of the feature
#               (0=deactivate, 1=activate)
#
proc listen_only {status activate} {
  variable module_name;
 
  if {$status == $activate} {
    playMsg "listen_only";
    playMsg [expr {$status ? "already_active" : "not_active"}];
  } else {
    puts "$module_name: [expr {$activate ? "Activating" : "Deactivating"}]\
          listen only mode.";
    playMsg [expr {$activate ? "activating" : "deactivating"}];
    playMsg "listen_only";
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when an outgoing connection is rejected. This can happen if
# REJECT_OUTGOING and/or ACCEPT_OUTGOING has been setup.
#
proc reject_outgoing_connection {call} {
  spellEchoLinkCallsign $call;
  playSilence 50;
  playMsg "reject_connection";
}

 
#
# Executed when a transmission from an EchoLink station is starting
# or stopping
#   rx   - 1 if receiving or 0 if not
#   call - The callsign of the remote station
#
#
proc is_receiving {rx call} {
  if {$rx == 0} {
    playTone 1000 100 100;
  }
}

 
#
# Executed when a chat message is received from a remote station
#
#   msg -- The message text
#
# WARNING: This is a slightly dangerous function since unexepected input
# may open up a security flaw. Make sure that the message string is handled
# as unknown data that can contain anything. Check it thoroughly before
# using it. Do not run SvxLink as user root.
proc chat_received {msg} {
  #puts $msg
}

 
#
# Executed when an info message is received from a remote station
#
#   call -- The callsign of the sending station
#   msg  -- The message text
#
# WARNING: This is a slightly dangerous function since unexepected input
# may open up a security flaw. Make sure that the message string is handled
# as unknown data that can contain anything. Check it thoroughly before
# using it. Do not run SvxLink as user root.
proc info_received {call msg} {
  #puts "$call: $msg"
}

 
#
# Executed when a configuration variable is updated at runtime
#
proc config_updated {tag value} {
  #puts "Configuration variable updated: $tag=$value"
}

 
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The events below are for remote EchoLink announcements. Sounds are not
# played over the local transmitter but are sent to the remote station.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#
# Executed when an incoming connection is accepted
#
proc remote_greeting {call} {
#  playSilence 1000;
#  playMsg "greeting";
}

 
#
# Executed when an incoming connection is rejected
#
proc reject_remote_connection {perm} {
  playSilence 1000;
  if {$perm} {
    playMsg "reject_connection";
  } else {
    playMsg "reject_connection";
    playMsg "please_try_again_later"
  }
  playSilence 1000;
}

 
#
# Executed when the inactivity timer times out
#
proc remote_timeout {} {
  playMsg "timeout";
  playSilence 1000;
}

 
#
# Executed when the squelch state changes
#
proc squelch_open {is_open} {
  # The listen_only_active and CFG_REMOTE_RGR_SOUND global variables are set by
  # the C++ code
  variable listen_only_active
  variable CFG_REMOTE_RGR_SOUND
  if {$CFG_REMOTE_RGR_SOUND && !$is_open && !$listen_only_active} {
    playSilence 200
    playTone 1000 100 100
  }
}

 
# end of namespace
}

#
# This file has not been truncated
#

John Pumford-Green Tue May 3 20:58:10 2022

Page Updated : 04/06/26 07:39 BST

svxlink, mb7aze, radio

SVXLink : DTMF commands

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←SVXLink

SVXLink : DTMF commands

https://github.com/sm0svx/svxlink/wiki/SvxLinkServerUserDocs

`*#`	System Status
`0#`	Help Module
`1#`	Parrot Module
`2#`	Echolink Module

`#`	De-activate module

Echolink Module

`<node number>#`	Connect to `<node number>`
`0#`	Play the help message
`1#`	List all connected stations
`2#`	Play local EchoLink node id
`31#`	Connect to a random link or repeater
`32#`	Connect to a random conference
`4#`	Reconnect to the last disconnected station
`50#`	Deactivate listen only mode
`51#`	Activate listen only mode
`6*#`	Use the connect by callsign feature
`#`	If connected = Disconnect, otherwise = Deactivate Echolink module

https://github.com/sm0svx/svxlink/wiki/ModuleEchoLink

Macros

`D1#`	Echolink	9999	Echotest
`D2#`	Echolink	973498	M0HOY-L	Hubnet
`D3#`	Echolink	662666	M0JKT-L	FreeStar
`D4#`	SVX	TG 235	UK Call
`D5#`	SVX	TG 23561	NE Chat
`D9#`	SVX	TG 0	Disconnect

SVXReflector Commands

`9*#`	Talk group status
`90#`	Not implemented yet. Reserved for help.
`91#`	Select previous talk group
`91<TG>#`	Select talk group <TG>
`92#`	QSY all active nodes to a talk group assigned by the reflector server
`92<TG>#`	QSY all active nodes to <TG>
`93#`	Follow last QSY
`94<TG>#`	Temporarily monitor <TG> (60 minutes)

svxlink@groups.io

Page Updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

radio, svxlink

Svxlink & Echolink

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 21:01:52 +0000

←SVXLink

Svxlink & Echolink

Revisiting the Analogue FM Voice Gateway

Svxlink Gateway Initial Setup

Trying not to re-invent the wheel

find saved Pi Image File for a previous Svxlink system
copy to a new SD Card and boot a spare Raspberry Pi with it
find and connect a modified CM108 sound-dongle - has PTT and SQL via the dongle's own GPIO
connect to 2m FM radio and test initial config
make any necessary config changes - e.g. MB7AZE → GM4SLV
set up audio levels using devcal
change to 9600 packet interface on 2m radio to remove radio pre/de emphasis and apply pre/de emphasis in Svxlink
set up audio levels again using devcal
Check connectivity to Echolink
- remember to Port Forward on ADSL router : UDP 5198 & 5199 → svxlink Pi's IP address
- consider using a private proxy on my VPS instead? Java JRE and Echolink Proxy

Pi Image File handling

R Pi Image files

Devcal

devcal
remember to sudo killall svxlink to ensure no daemon svxlink processes are running in the background
remember to adjust path to valid svxlink.conf file which will be different to this old example
Set for 3kHz deviation
remember to edit the config file(s) to change the RX Pre-amp and TX Master Gain settings to match those find using Deval

sudo devcal -r -m=3000 -d=3000 /etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf Rx1

sudo devcal -t -m=3000 -d=3000 /etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf Tx1

add the PRE_AMP and MASTER_GAIN settings to both svxlink_el.conf and svxlink_noel.conf

Config Files

One for Echolink Enabled
One for Echolink Disabled
Switch Echolink on/off via DTMF commands
- Edit Logic.tcl to give this functionality

/etc/svxlink/svxlink_el.conf

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
#                Configuration file for the SvxLink server                    #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################
 
[GLOBAL]
#MODULE_PATH=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/svxlink
LOGICS=SimplexLogic
CFG_DIR=svxlink.d
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT="%c"
CARD_SAMPLE_RATE=48000
#CARD_CHANNELS=1
#LOCATION_INFO=LocationInfo
#LINKS=LinkToR4
 
[SimplexLogic]
TYPE=Simplex
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleParrot
CALLSIGN=GM4SLV
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=15
SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE=1
SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
CW_AMP=-10
CW_PITCH=800
CW_WPM=20
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
#REPORT_CTCSS=77.0
#TX_CTCSS=ALWAYS
MACROS=Macros
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
ONLINE_CMD=998877
#MUTE_RX_ON_TX=1
#MUTE_TX_ON_RX=1
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/simplex_dtmf_ctrl
TIME_FORMAT=24
RGR_SOUND_ALWAYS=1
 
[RepeaterLogic]
TYPE=Repeater
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleTclVoiceMail
CALLSIGN=MYCALL
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=10
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
REPORT_CTCSS=136.5
#TX_CTCSS=SQL_OPEN
MACROS=Macros
#SEL5_MACRO_RANGE=03400,03499
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
#NO_REPEAT=1
IDLE_TIMEOUT=30
OPEN_ON_1750=1000
#OPEN_ON_CTCSS=136:2000
#OPEN_ON_DTMF=*
#OPEN_ON_SQL=5000
#OPEN_ON_SEL5=01234
#OPEN_SQL_FLANK=OPEN
#OPEN_ON_SQL_AFTER_RPT_CLOSE=10
IDLE_SOUND_INTERVAL=3000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MIN_TIME=1000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MAX_COUNT=10
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#IDENT_NAG_TIMEOUT=15
#IDENT_NAG_MIN_TIME=2000
#ONLINE_CMD=998877
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/repeater_dtmf_ctrl
 
[ReflectorLogic]
TYPE=Reflector
HOST=reflector.example.com
#PORT=5300
CALLSIGN="MYCALL"
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
#JITTER_BUFFER_DELAY=0
 
[LinkToR4]
CONNECT_LOGICS=RepeaterLogic:94:SK3AB,SimplexLogic:92:SK3CD
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
TIMEOUT=300
#AUTOACTIVATE_ON_SQL=RepeaterLogic
 
 
[QsoRecorder]
REC_DIR=/var/spool/svxlink/qso_recorder
#MIN_TIME=1000
MAX_TIME=3600
SOFT_TIME=300
MAX_DIRSIZE=1024
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#QSO_TIMEOUT=300
#ENCODER_CMD=/usr/bin/oggenc -Q \"%f\" && rm \"%f\"
 
[Voter]
TYPE=Voter
RECEIVERS=Rx1,Rx2,Rx3
VOTING_DELAY=200
BUFFER_LENGTH=0
#REVOTE_INTERVAL=1000
#HYSTERESIS=50
#SQL_CLOSE_REVOTE_DELAY=500
#RX_SWITCH_DELAY=500
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/voter_ctrl
 
[MultiTx]
TYPE=Multi
TRANSMITTERS=Tx1,Tx2,Tx3
 
[NetRx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.rx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[NetTx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.tx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[Rx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
SQL_DET=HIDRAW
SQL_START_DELAY=0
SQL_DELAY=0
SQL_HANGTIME=200
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME=1000
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME_THRESH=15
#SQL_TIMEOUT=600
VOX_FILTER_DEPTH=20
VOX_THRESH=1000
#CTCSS_MODE=2
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
#CTCSS_SNR_OFFSET=0
#CTCSS_OPEN_THRESH=15
#CTCSS_CLOSE_THRESH=9
#CTCSS_BPF_LOW=60
#CTCSS_BPF_HIGH=270
#SERIAL_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0
#SERIAL_PIN=CTS
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=
#EVDEV_DEVNAME=/dev/input/by-id/usb-SYNIC_SYNIC_Wireless_Audio-event-if03
#EVDEV_OPEN=1,163,1
#EVDEV_CLOSE=1,163,0
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#GPIO_SQL_PIN=gpio25
#PTY_PATH=/tmp/rx1_sql
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_SQL_PIN=!VOL_DN
#SIGLEV_DET=TONE
SIGLEV_SLOPE=1
SIGLEV_OFFSET=0
#SIGLEV_BOGUS_THRESH=120
#TONE_SIGLEV_MAP=100,84,60,50,37,32,28,23,19,8
SIGLEV_OPEN_THRESH=30
SIGLEV_CLOSE_THRESH=10
DEEMPHASIS=1
#SQL_TAIL_ELIM=300
PREAMP=-1.5
#PEAK_METER=1
DTMF_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
DTMF_MUTING=1
DTMF_HANGTIME=40
DTMF_SERIAL=/dev/ttyS0
#DTMF_PTY=/tmp/rx1_dtmf
#DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST=8
#DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST=4
#1750_MUTING=1
#SEL5_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
#SEL5_TYPE=ZVEI1
#FQ=433475000
#MODULATION=FM
#WBRX=WbRx1
 
[WbRx1]
#TYPE=RtlUsb
#DEV_MATCH=0
#HOST=localhost
#PORT=1234
#CENTER_FQ=435075000
#FQ_CORR=0
#GAIN=0
#PEAK_METER=1
#SAMPLE_RATE=960000
 
[Tx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
PTT_TYPE=Hidraw
#PTT_PORT=/dev/ttyS0
#PTT_PIN=HIDRAW
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_PTT_PIN=GPIO3
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=DTR!RTS
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#PTT_HANGTIME=1000
TIMEOUT=300
TX_DELAY=500
#CTCSS_FQ=136.5
#CTCSS_LEVEL=9
PREEMPHASIS=1
DTMF_TONE_LENGTH=100
DTMF_TONE_SPACING=50
DTMF_DIGIT_PWR=-15
MASTER_GAIN=-1.25
 
[LocationInfo]
#APRS_SERVER_LIST=euro.aprs2.net:14580
STATUS_SERVER_LIST=aprs.echolink.org:5199
LON_POSITION=1.25.30W
LAT_POSITION=60.17.18N
CALLSIGN=EL-GM4SLV
FREQUENCY=144.912
TX_POWER=5
ANTENNA_GAIN=0
ANTENNA_HEIGHT=2m
ANTENNA_DIR=-1
#PATH=WIDE1-1
BEACON_INTERVAL=10
STATISTICS_INTERVAL=10
TONE=0
COMMENT=SvxLink
 
[Macros]
1=EchoLink:9999#
2=EchoLink:973498#
3=EchoLink:662666#

/etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
#                Configuration file for the SvxLink server                    #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################
 
[GLOBAL]
#MODULE_PATH=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/svxlink
LOGICS=SimplexLogic
CFG_DIR=svxlink.d
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT="%c"
CARD_SAMPLE_RATE=48000
#CARD_CHANNELS=1
#LOCATION_INFO=LocationInfo
#LINKS=LinkToR4
 
[SimplexLogic]
TYPE=Simplex
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot
CALLSIGN=GM4SLV
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=15
SHORT_CW_ID_ENABLE=1
SHORT_VOICE_ID_ENABLE=0
CW_AMP=-10
CW_PITCH=800
CW_WPM=20
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_GB
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
#REPORT_CTCSS=77.0
#TX_CTCSS=ALWAYS
MACROS=Macros
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
ONLINE_CMD=998877
#MUTE_RX_ON_TX=1
#MUTE_TX_ON_RX=1
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/simplex_dtmf_ctrl
TIME_FORMAT=24
RGR_SOUND_ALWAYS=1
 
[RepeaterLogic]
TYPE=Repeater
RX=Rx1
TX=Tx1
MODULES=ModuleHelp,ModuleParrot,ModuleEchoLink,ModuleTclVoiceMail
CALLSIGN=MYCALL
SHORT_IDENT_INTERVAL=10
LONG_IDENT_INTERVAL=60
#IDENT_ONLY_AFTER_TX=4
#EXEC_CMD_ON_SQL_CLOSE=500
EVENT_HANDLER=/usr/share/svxlink/events.tcl
DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
RGR_SOUND_DELAY=0
REPORT_CTCSS=136.5
#TX_CTCSS=SQL_OPEN
MACROS=Macros
#SEL5_MACRO_RANGE=03400,03499
FX_GAIN_NORMAL=0
FX_GAIN_LOW=-12
#QSO_RECORDER=8:QsoRecorder
#NO_REPEAT=1
IDLE_TIMEOUT=30
OPEN_ON_1750=1000
#OPEN_ON_CTCSS=136:2000
#OPEN_ON_DTMF=*
#OPEN_ON_SQL=5000
#OPEN_ON_SEL5=01234
#OPEN_SQL_FLANK=OPEN
#OPEN_ON_SQL_AFTER_RPT_CLOSE=10
IDLE_SOUND_INTERVAL=3000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MIN_TIME=1000
#SQL_FLAP_SUP_MAX_COUNT=10
#ACTIVATE_MODULE_ON_LONG_CMD=4:EchoLink
#IDENT_NAG_TIMEOUT=15
#IDENT_NAG_MIN_TIME=2000
#ONLINE_CMD=998877
#STATE_PTY=/var/run/svxlink/state
#DTMF_CTRL_PTY=/dev/shm/repeater_dtmf_ctrl
 
[ReflectorLogic]
TYPE=Reflector
HOST=reflector.example.com
#PORT=5300
CALLSIGN="MYCALL"
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
#JITTER_BUFFER_DELAY=0
 
[LinkToR4]
CONNECT_LOGICS=RepeaterLogic:94:SK3AB,SimplexLogic:92:SK3CD
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
TIMEOUT=300
#AUTOACTIVATE_ON_SQL=RepeaterLogic
 
 
[QsoRecorder]
REC_DIR=/var/spool/svxlink/qso_recorder
#MIN_TIME=1000
MAX_TIME=3600
SOFT_TIME=300
MAX_DIRSIZE=1024
#DEFAULT_ACTIVE=1
#TIMEOUT=300
#QSO_TIMEOUT=300
#ENCODER_CMD=/usr/bin/oggenc -Q \"%f\" && rm \"%f\"
 
[Voter]
TYPE=Voter
RECEIVERS=Rx1,Rx2,Rx3
VOTING_DELAY=200
BUFFER_LENGTH=0
#REVOTE_INTERVAL=1000
#HYSTERESIS=50
#SQL_CLOSE_REVOTE_DELAY=500
#RX_SWITCH_DELAY=500
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/voter_ctrl
 
[MultiTx]
TYPE=Multi
TRANSMITTERS=Tx1,Tx2,Tx3
 
[NetRx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.rx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[NetTx]
TYPE=Net
HOST=remote.tx.host
TCP_PORT=5210
#LOG_DISCONNECTS_ONCE=0
AUTH_KEY="Change this key now!"
CODEC=S16
#SPEEX_ENC_FRAMES_PER_PACKET=4
#SPEEX_ENC_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_BITRATE=15000
#SPEEX_ENC_COMPLEXITY=2
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR=0
#SPEEX_ENC_VBR_QUALITY=4
#SPEEX_ENC_ABR=15000
#SPEEX_DEC_ENHANCER=1
#OPUS_ENC_FRAME_SIZE=20
#OPUS_ENC_COMPLEXITY=10
#OPUS_ENC_BITRATE=20000
#OPUS_ENC_VBR=1
 
[Rx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
SQL_DET=HIDRAW
SQL_START_DELAY=0
SQL_DELAY=0
SQL_HANGTIME=200
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME=1000
#SQL_EXTENDED_HANGTIME_THRESH=15
#SQL_TIMEOUT=600
VOX_FILTER_DEPTH=20
VOX_THRESH=1000
#CTCSS_MODE=2
CTCSS_FQ=77.0
#CTCSS_SNR_OFFSET=0
#CTCSS_OPEN_THRESH=15
#CTCSS_CLOSE_THRESH=9
#CTCSS_BPF_LOW=60
#CTCSS_BPF_HIGH=270
#SERIAL_PORT=/dev/ttyUSB0
#SERIAL_PIN=CTS
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=
#EVDEV_DEVNAME=/dev/input/by-id/usb-SYNIC_SYNIC_Wireless_Audio-event-if03
#EVDEV_OPEN=1,163,1
#EVDEV_CLOSE=1,163,0
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#GPIO_SQL_PIN=gpio25
#PTY_PATH=/tmp/rx1_sql
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_SQL_PIN=!VOL_DN
#SIGLEV_DET=TONE
SIGLEV_SLOPE=1
SIGLEV_OFFSET=0
#SIGLEV_BOGUS_THRESH=120
#TONE_SIGLEV_MAP=100,84,60,50,37,32,28,23,19,8
SIGLEV_OPEN_THRESH=30
SIGLEV_CLOSE_THRESH=10
DEEMPHASIS=1
#SQL_TAIL_ELIM=300
PREAMP=-1.5
#PEAK_METER=1
DTMF_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
DTMF_MUTING=1
DTMF_HANGTIME=40
DTMF_SERIAL=/dev/ttyS0
#DTMF_PTY=/tmp/rx1_dtmf
#DTMF_MAX_FWD_TWIST=8
#DTMF_MAX_REV_TWIST=4
#1750_MUTING=1
#SEL5_DEC_TYPE=INTERNAL
#SEL5_TYPE=ZVEI1
#FQ=433475000
#MODULATION=FM
#WBRX=WbRx1
 
[WbRx1]
#TYPE=RtlUsb
#DEV_MATCH=0
#HOST=localhost
#PORT=1234
#CENTER_FQ=435075000
#FQ_CORR=0
#GAIN=0
#PEAK_METER=1
#SAMPLE_RATE=960000
 
[Tx1]
TYPE=Local
AUDIO_DEV=alsa:plughw:1,0
AUDIO_CHANNEL=0
PTT_TYPE=Hidraw
#PTT_PORT=/dev/ttyS0
#PTT_PIN=HIDRAW
HID_DEVICE=/dev/hidraw0
HID_PTT_PIN=GPIO3
#SERIAL_SET_PINS=DTR!RTS
#GPIO_PATH=/sys/class/gpio
#PTT_HANGTIME=1000
TIMEOUT=300
TX_DELAY=500
#CTCSS_FQ=136.5
#CTCSS_LEVEL=9
PREEMPHASIS=1
DTMF_TONE_LENGTH=100
DTMF_TONE_SPACING=50
DTMF_DIGIT_PWR=-15
MASTER_GAIN=-1.25
 
[LocationInfo]
APRS_SERVER_LIST=euro.aprs2.net:14580
STATUS_SERVER_LIST=aprs.echolink.org:5199
LON_POSITION=1.25.30W
LAT_POSITION=60.17.18N
CALLSIGN=EL-GM4SLV
FREQUENCY=144.9125
TX_POWER=1
ANTENNA_GAIN=0
ANTENNA_HEIGHT=1m
ANTENNA_DIR=-1
#PATH=WIDE1-1
#BEACON_INTERVAL=60
TONE=77
COMMENT=SvxLink by SM0SVX (www.svxlink.org)
 
[Macros]
1=EchoLink:9999#
2=EchoLink:973498#
3=EchoLink:662666#

/etc/svxlink/svxlink.d/ModuleEchoLink.conf

[ModuleEchoLink]
NAME=EchoLink
ID=2
TIMEOUT=60
#ALLOW_IP=192.168.1.0/24
#DROP_INCOMING=^()$
#REJECT_INCOMING=^()$
#ACCEPT_INCOMING=^(.*)$
#REJECT_OUTGOING=^()$
#ACCEPT_OUTGOING=^(.*)$
#REJECT_CONF=0
#CHECK_NR_CONNECTS=2,300,120
SERVERS=servers.echolink.org
CALLSIGN=GM4SLV-L
PASSWORD=XXXXXXXXX
SYSOPNAME=John
LOCATION=[Svx] Shetland
PROXY_SERVER=my.vps.host.name
PROXY_PORT=8100
PROXY_PASSWORD=my_proxy_password
#BIND_ADDR=10.20.30.40
MAX_QSOS=5
MAX_CONNECTIONS=6
LINK_IDLE_TIMEOUT=900
#AUTOCON_ECHOLINK_ID=9999
#AUTOCON_TIME=1200
#USE_GSM_ONLY=1
#DEFAULT_LANG=en_US
#COMMAND_PTY=/dev/shm/echolink_ctrl
DESCRIPTION="You have connected to a SvxLink node,\n"

/usr/local/share/svxlink/events.d/local

Edit the section proc dtmf_cmd_received {cmd} to add the stanzas that run external bash scripts to stop and restart svxlink with different config files

#
# Executed when a DTMF command has been received
#   cmd - The command
#
# Return 1 to hide the command from further processing is SvxLink or
# return 0 to make SvxLink continue processing as normal.
#
# This function can be used to implement your own custom commands or to disable
# DTMF commands that you do not want users to execute.
proc dtmf_cmd_received {cmd} {
  #global active_module

  # Example: Ignore all commands starting with 3 in the EchoLink module.
  #          Allow commands that have four or more digits.
  #if {$active_module == "EchoLink"} {
  #  if {[string length $cmd] < 4 && [string index $cmd 0] == "3"} {
  #    puts "Ignoring random connect command for module EchoLink: $cmd"
  #    return 1
  #  }
  #}

  # Handle the "force core command" mode where a command is forced to be
  # executed by the core command processor instead of by an active module.
  # The "force core command" mode is entered by prefixing a command by a star.
  #if {$active_module != "" && [string index $cmd 0] != "*"} {
  #  return 0
  #}
  #if {[string index $cmd 0] == "*"} {
  #  set cmd [string range $cmd 1 end]
  #}

  # Example: Custom command executed when DTMF 99 is received
  if {$cmd == "99"} {
    puts "Executing external command"
    playMsg "Core" "online"
    exec /home/gm4slv/svx_noel.sh &
    return 1
  }
  # Example: Custom command executed when DTMF 99 is received
  if {$cmd == "98"} {
    puts "Executing external command"
    playMsg "Core" "online"
    exec /home/gm4slv/svx_el.sh &
    return 1
  }
 
  return 0
}

start with echolink : svx_el.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
CFG=/etc/svxlink/svxlink_el.conf
LOG=/home/gm4slv/svxlink.log
 
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
 
sudo svxlink --daemon --logfile=$LOG --config=$CFG
exit 0

start without echolink : svx_noel.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
CFG=/etc/svxlink/svxlink_noel.conf
LOG=/home/gm4slv/svxlink.log
 
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
sudo killall svxlink
 
sudo svxlink --daemon --logfile=$LOG --config=$CFG
exit 0

crontab entry to start with echolink enabled at boot time

@reboot sleep 30 && sudo -u gm4slv /home/gm4slv/svx_el.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

Catch up with git version

The version of svxlink running on this Pi was self-compiled from the GIT repository
- Update to latest version from GIT
I decided to pull & compile the latest version so I simply followed the instructions I'd put on the above wiki page and all went smoothly (if slowly)

DTMF Commands

Old info SVXLink : DTMF commands
Ignore Reflector commands - I am not (yet) connected to the SVX Reflector http://svxportal-uk.ddns.net:81/index.php

`*#`	System Status
`0#`	Help Module
`1#`	Parrot Module
`2#`	Echolink Module

`#`	De-activate module

Echolink Module

`<node number>#`	Connect to `<node number>`
`0#`	Play the help message
`1#`	List all connected stations
`2#`	Play local EchoLink node id
`31#`	Connect to a random link or repeater
`32#`	Connect to a random conference
`4#`	Reconnect to the last disconnected station
`50#`	Deactivate listen only mode
`51#`	Activate listen only mode
`6*#`	Use the connect by callsign feature
`#`	If connected = Disconnect, otherwise = Deactivate Echolink module

https://github.com/sm0svx/svxlink/wiki/ModuleEchoLink

Macros

`D1#`	Echolink	9999	Echotest
`D2#`	Echolink	973498	M0HOY-L	Hubnet
`D3#`	Echolink	662666	M0JKT-L	FreeStar

Sound files

use en_US when echolink is enabled
- this is also needed for reflector when it's re-enabled, as the US files also have the additional reflector sound samples
use en_GB when echolink is disable
easy to tell from status *# which is active!

Proxy

after consideration….
I decided to use my VPS-hosted echolink proxy
- remove port forwards on home router for UDP/5198 & UDP/5199
- open port TPC/8100 for only my home IP address on VPS
  - this means only one IP address can reach the Proxy on port TCP/8100
- open ports UDP/5198 & UDP/5199 for anywhere on VPS
- edit echolink proxy config on VPS to allow only GM4SLV-L to connect
  - this means only one callsign can connect to the proxy
- start proxy in a tmux session, using bash script on VPS
- edit ModuleEchoLink.conf on svxlink pi to use the proxy
- restart svx_el.sh

PROXY_SERVER=my.vps.host.name
PROXY_PORT=8100
PROXY_PASSWORD=xxxxxxxxx

— John Pumford-Green 06/04/24 07:09

LAST MODIFIED : 01/01/70 01:00 BST

Further Information

radio, svxlink

Fairphone6 Screen

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 09:43:56 +0000

Fairphone6 Screen

I dropped my relatively new Fairphone6, face down, on a pavement….

I was on the way into a supermarket in the run up to Christmas - going in to do the annual Christmas-battle-trolleys food shop. I picked it up, fearing the worst and found just a small chipped/cracked area at the bottom left of the screen. Just where the *back* arrow softkey is. It worked, but the cracks extended across the screen, and the focal point of the break was slowly crumbling into glass-dust. And every time I swiped my thumb across the *back* softkey I was worried it'd start depositing slivers of glass in my flesh.

I waited a couple of months, trying to ignore it.

I know one of the major reasons for owning a Fairphone is that they are user-repairable, with parts easily available and easily replaceable. But I wanted to wait until the desire to fix it overcame my reluctance to spend money. (I'm on a no-buy. Spending money to fix things *is* acceptable in my self-imposed rules, but somehow I now find it difficult to spend *any* money that isn't strictly necessary. The phone still worked, so it took some mental bullying to force myself to spend to fix it.)

Last week I ordered the screen and a Torx-5 screwdriver from the Fairphone website. Today it arrived. It took me less than 10 minutes to take the phone apart, replace the screen and put it back together again.

The hardest part was unclicking the plastic locking tabs on the top-rear cover. Using a guitar plectrum. But it wasn't *that* difficult.

Once back together the phone booted up and the screen is perfect.

Update - front camera

It took me while to notice (several weeks), as I don't take many selfies and rarely use the front facing camera, but when I did I saw the image was very blurred and blue tinted…

I wondered if I'd damaged something when I fitted the screen, so I took it apart again to look…. and found a blue peel-off protective film on the inside of the screen over the aperture that the front camera looks out through!

Peeled it off, reassembled and its all perfect again.

There's no mention of this film in the instructions, and it's not immediately obvious the small piece of blue film is there, so its easy to overlook.

Music - A Return To An Old Hobby

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 08:45:07 +0000

Music - A Return To An Old Hobby

date: 2026-03-02 14:52

I used to play a lot of music - by this I mean actually play it myself, on instruments like mandolin, bodhran, guitar….

I first fiddled with guitar as a teenager. Badly. I had a cheap nylon strung “classical” guitar, and even for a while a very cheap and very, very nasty electric guitar.

When I went to University in 1984 I was already into folk music, as well as heavily into early Mike Oldfield. So I knew of the bodhran. I bought myself a basic model mandolin and found a guy who made bodhrans in a small workshop in Manchester. All I could afford was a very basic calf-skin bodhran but it was enough to get the hang of it.

I listened to a lot of Planxty, Bothy Band, Boys from the Lough, Andy Irvine etc. back then, all on vinyl. I still have the same vinyl albums and play them occasionally even now.

Here's a B&W photo of my stash of instruments from around 1986. I developed & printed it myself, using an enlarger a mate had borrowed & set up in the bathroom in his flat. I recently found the photo again, and put it in a clip frame and hung it in my den.

I later bought a better mandolin, and also got better goatskin bodhran from Hobgoblin Music.

I sold my 1st mandolin, and bodhran to a mate of mine. I think he still has them. I certainly still have my 2nd mandolin and bodhran.

While I was at UMIST, between 1984 and 1988 I used to drink in the Jolly Angler in Ducie Street. It was a backstreet Irish pub, but had no music session. I went to play pool with mates and drink copious quantities of Hyde's Anvil bitter (and at Christmas time their strong Winter Ale from a small barrel on the bar).

The landlord had a niece who at that time was doing her O levels and was struggling with maths. She was a mean piano accordion player too. We started a weekly maths tuition followed by a few tunes. I took my mandolin and she took her PA.

After a few weeks of this a few customers asked

“is this a regular session?”

“no, just us having a few tunes”

“is it ok if we join in next week? There's no good session on a Thursday nearby”

“ Yeah! that'd be fun”

and then it exploded from there.

More and more and more people came on a Thursday night. After only a few weeks I found I was well out of my depth, and stopped playing, or trying to play. I'd learned a few new tunes in the first few weeks of the session but then found all I could do was sit and watch and listen.

But I still played mandolin for my own amusement. I wasn't particularly good, but I enjoyed it.

There have been various instruments over the years since then.

Later, after leaving UMIST and getting a job I bought myself a bouzouki from Hobgoblin too.

My parents had found an old Hohner Double-Ray Black-Dot in B/C at an antiques fair which I later bought by visiting the guy's house in Cramlington (nr. Newcastle) while we were visiting.

The story of this is on my old, old website which I recently uncovered…

https://g4slv.info/website/pages/music.htm

I then bought a 2nd hand Saltarelle “Le Bouebe” melodeon in D/G in around 2002, and later a Castagnari Lilly melodeon for my 40th birthday in 2006. I later sold the Lilly, as I wasn't playing it enough to justify keeping it.

I still have the Saltarelle. But I rarely ever take it out and play it any more.

Here's an old photo of me in the Westings, Shetland.

I got to be “ok” on melodeon - but nothing better then “ok”.

In fact I've never got better than “ok” on anything, in the 45+ years of my trying to play.

I didn't have a guitar for several years and during Covid lockdown in 2020 I bought a cheap classical guitar (Yamaha C40) and spent a lot of time while isolated at home trying to learn proper classical guitar. I followed some of the excellent courses by Bradford Werner https://www.thisisclassicalguitar.com/start-here/. When life returned to normal I stopped studying, but I'd already found some physical problems with my wrists and hands due to the Rheumatoid Arthritis. I still noodle on the guitar, but I can't see me being able to really immerse myself in learning it properly.

I also bought a Treble Recorder last year and then neglected to do anything about it. I'd played Descant Recorder as a primary schoolboy aged 10 or so. That's where I learned to read music. So the Treble Recorder was supposed to be my way of reconnecting with the fun of learning a new (and at face value fairly simple) instrument. Of course the Recorder is a vastly under-rated instrument capable of magical sound when played by an expert.

I recently found some old mp3 recordings I'd done in around 2002, in a zip file which contained the HTML and other files from a website I had back then. There were 4 mp3 files that had me playing mandolin, and bodhran (and guitar, out of tune)

They are badly recorded - from memory I did it by using a pair of cheap stereo headphones as a microphone (!) and recording using grecord on a linux box (an old Gnome app for simple sound recording - probably running on Red Hat 6?)

To multi track I'd play the 1st recording back from the speakers on another linux box while recording the 2nd track (and the playback of the 1st which was audible in the background….) and I'd repeat this again to get a 3rd track.

The are in https://g4slv.info/website/pshed/ and these are the links to the files

The future?

So, now, at 60 years old I'm wondering what to do with myself. What hobby to persue. How to find joy and fun again.

I found myself looking up at my mandolin a few nights ago, thinking *“I wonder if I remember any tunes?”* and I took it down from its hanger. And 2 hours later I forced myself to put it down & go to bed….

I've been a little lost recently, not knowing what to do with my spare time. Perhaps this is the answer. Just enjoy playing music for my own amusement again.

music

Privacy ?

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 08:45:35 +0000

Privacy ?

Private versus Public

I recently got totally fed-up with the state of *the internet*. Mobile phones so tightly tied to *Google* or *Apple* that they track your every move and communicate every action you make online with databrokers that use this to profile you and target ads (and worse?) at you….

Why isn't it possible just to use a phone to make phone calls, send text messages, and to innocently and privately look at websites?

De-Googling etc.

I started *de-googling*[^1] as far as I could. And this included my *desktop* interaction with the web too. I'd already been using adblockers for years, but this time I went further.

And I found it's *impossible to fully de-google*.

Of course I *knew* this - after all, Android *is* Google. And the web *is* Google.

But I made tiny first steps. Why do I need accounts with Google and other major enshitifiers to do the things I still enjoy online? This feeling also tied in with a desire to cut-back on online shopping (I'll do a post on my *no-buy* aspirations another time) so I got rid of other accounts too.

I got rid of my accounts with (at least these, probably others that I've forgotten about):

Google
- My You Tube Channel was deleted too
Microsoft
Amazon
Paypal
eBay
Reddit

I didn't have *Facebook* or *Twitter/X* or *Mastodon* or *Instagram* or *Tik-Tok* or any other *social media* accounts, so there was no FOFOMO[^2] to worry about.

#### A quiet online life?

This still means I can use the internet but reduces the level of *integration* which happens - where everything talks to everything else *via Google*.

#### To properly de-Google?

After doing as much as I could with my stock Android phone I ran into the usual problem of how tightly integrated even the simplest of apps is with the Google eco-system and that it didn't seem possible to use a *normal* Android phone and at the same time to be invisible to Google & to escape its spying.

A fully de-googled-at-source-android was the answer. There are a few options. I won't go into them in detail, I just took the easiest route.

I bought a Fairphone6 pre-installed with /e/OS.

I tried it first *without* running *micro-G* (which spoofs some of the functionality of *Google Play Services* etc. and which gives access to certain Google services anonymously so that the apps that rely on some Google functionality can still be installed and will run).

But that limited my options for apps.

So I enabled *micro-G* and installed a *very small number* of non-FOSS Android apps:

2 Banking apps for my personal and business bank accounts
BBC Sounds - but only because *I can't abide adverts* even in podcasts - and the BBC is the only source I can trust not to shove commercial adverts at me during podcasts
Canon Print - to access my little Canon Selphy printer (yes, it is possible without the Canon Print app, but it's fiddly and error-prone)

And that's all.

Everything else is either the pre-installed version from /e/OS or it's a FOSS version from *f-Droid*

/e/OS has a built in system-level tracking blocker which circumvents the many (many) *phone-home* tracking messages that these non-FOSS apps send to various analytic/tracking providers. It's quite scary to see just how chatty these apps are, and how many external 3++rd++ party tracking services are fed data - quite separately from the actual application's useful and necessary network traffic (this still flows and allows the app to function normally).

#### Privacy - hiding from real people on the internet

I took things a step further - and tried to extract myself from *any online activity* which would involve showing anything of mine to *strangers on the internet*.

I made my [Commonplace Wiki](https://g4slv.info/dokuwiki/) private - nothing was readable by passing strangers.

I'd deleted my You Tube stuff already, as a part of *de-googling* so that had already been taken care of.

I started to delete various accounts that I had on web-forums, and thus my old posts disappeared too (I don't contribute much, and my words are unlikely to be missed by anyone).

I wanted to *disappear* from the online world.

I know it's not possible to remove all traces of your past online life - but I wanted my future involvement with the web to be invisible.

#### The Hypocrisy of this

But I was still reading *other* people's websites and blogs. Watching other people's You Tube videos - but *not-logged-in* and via a browser with an *adblocker* (or more often via `NewPipe` or by downloading the video to my laptop 1++st++ by using `yt-dlp`)

I was *consuming* but not *contributing*

This seems selfish and petty.

So I un-hid my dokuwiki site, and it's now readable by anyone. I don't know if anyone finds any of it useful, it exists mainly for me to have a place to store *useful-to-me* information.

I figure though that it's *good* to share stuff online (even when there are probably very few people that'll ever read it). But, because *I* find other peoples' stuff useful, interesting etc. then should I not let other people make up their own minds about my stuff? By at least making it accessible.

The important thing to me now is that this sharing *must be done without involving the enshitifying platforms* like *Google*, *Meta* etc. etc.

I *can* share my thoughts, experiments, notes etc. with real people on the internet - but only by hosting it myself.

This can be done with a blog (like this one) or a wiki like [this one](https://g4slv.info/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=start) and even with an old hand-built plain html website from more than 20 years ago, like [this one](https://g4slv.info/website/index.html) which I used to have back in the early 2000's and which has been languishing in a zip file for many years.

#### Blogging in 2026

After deciding that I don't want to hide from *real* people, that the internet is (still) a good thing when used for good reasons. It allows us to share with other *real* people. Enshitification has largely spoiled the *mainstream* web, but there are still lots of personal web sites, blogs, wikis etc.

Let's keep them going.

This is why I'm blogging now. It's been a few years since I last did any blogging, but I think I can enjoy it again (regardless of the number of readers) and create a small corner of the internet out of my own head. It might be self-indulgent twaddle, it might be pointless and meaningless and if *I* get some happiness out of making it, that's enough. But it *has* to be online and *has* to feel like it's a small fight against the enshitification that the major platforms have wrought on the once wonderful web.

[^1]: I use this as a generic term for *cutting out as much surveillance and tracking as possible* [^2]: Is this a new coining? Fear of FOMO The fear that I'll suffer *“Fear of Missing Out”*

QMX Two Way QSO

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 09:04:06 +0000

QMX Two Way QSO

I was tuning around last night, after adding the 40m trap to turn my EFHW Inverted-L into a dual band 40n/30m antenna, on 40m.

On 7030kHz I heard a CQ from G4NNJ and I replied. It took a couple of tries but then we got into a QSO.

Allan told me he was using a QMX and EFWH…

So I replied “RIG ALSO QMX PWR 5W ANT ALSO EFHW”

We had a nice, short QRP QSO two way QMX ↔ QMX and even exchanged G-QRP Club member numbers, which I've not done for many years.

Conditions have been poor over the weekend, with Geomagnetic storms and K index up to 7! The K-Index was still around 4 during the evening, and up here that tends to mean very poor HF, so I'm really happy to have made the QSO.

I went on to have another QSO, this time with Ken G0OBK - he was running 25W.

I'm going to try and call/listen on 7030kHz and 10116kHz more often and try to work more QRP operators.

radio, qmx, qrp, cw

QRSS

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 16:22:31 +0000

QRSS

I've been running my QMX on WSPR, using its DigiMode and the USB interface to a laptop running WSJT-X, when I'm not using for real QSOs.

But I got to thinking “is that all there is?”

I've seen almost continuous QRSS signals on the WSJT-X waterfall on 30m while running WPSR, and I remembered running a grabber on 600m/500kHz back in the early days of access to that band, and I wondered what activity there still was using QRSS. So I looked around the 'net and found that the “QRSS Knights” group are still going and I wondered about joining it. It would give a more human interaction and more human use of the “down time” - I could still monitor propagation, but not using the computer to do everything… you still need to actively look at the waterfall and read the morse code from the noisy trace on the screen.

I've joined the Knights QRSS on groups.io https://groups.io/g/qrssknights and last night I set about getting a grabber up and running.

I settled on good old Spectrum Lab which I know has always worked well under Wine on Linux. After a bit of fiddling I got a working setup to display the “QRSS Watering Hole” on 30m, my band of interest, and then fiddled with some bash scripts to automate the “grab and upload” function to send images to my website. https://g4slv.info/

On this image from 10:20UTC today there are several QRSS signals….

From the top:

S52AB
G0PKT
M0BMN
G0MBA
G4JQT
IK2JET

I tried sending some QRSS at 1W this morning for an hour or so, but only saw the faintest of traces on the grabber of Fabian (DJ5CW) on his Polish-sited Grabber SO5CW which might have been me.

Once again, it seems that my quiet location is better for receive than transmit.

My grabber is now included on the grabber list at https://swharden.com/qrss/plus/ so let's see what appears on my screen.

I'll put some details of the simple bash scripts that do the uploads on the main wiki Radio pages, and add more info about QRSS there, when I get a chance.

Update

I ran on TX again in the afternoon and Fabian DJ5CW/ SO5CW confirmed reception in Poland!

The “L” really pops out at one point!

radio, qrss, qrp, qmx, knightsqrss

Shack To Makerspace

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 09 Jul 2026 21:47:25 +0000

Shack To Makerspace

I used to have a radio-shack in the house, with component drawers on the walls, a filing cabinet to keep tools, parts, hardware etc.

I built things and operated radios.

Move to the shed

Then in around 2013 I renovated the old garden shed and moved my shack out there. It was a pleasant few years having a space to do as I pleased, with just enough space to have a radio-bench and a work-bench.

Gradually the shed succumbed to the ravages of the Shetland weather and I decided it wasn't really worth continuing using it. And at the same time I gave up playing radio at all.

I had a few brief periods of in-the-house radio operation last year, but never really got deeply involved.

Move back to the house

Now, in 2026 I'm getting interested in radio again - in operating and in building. So I started setting up a shack. One rig was brought out of retirement. Then another.

I put shelves over the operating desk to hold some test gear etc. but I still had no real building/tinkering facilities. My component drawers, junk boxes, books and test gear were still in the shed.

Today I put a filing cabinet in the new shack. Moved books, test gear, some old projects and work in progress into the shack and then moved my wall-mounted component drawers from the shed to the new shack. I can now sit and tinker with circuits on my tiny operating desk. I can build projects. I can experiment. All from the relative comfort of my tiny shack.

I'm still finding places for everything, so it's a bit of a mess, but here's how it looks at the moment.

radio, shack

Benchmarking

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 13:35:47 +0000

←Calculators

Benchmarking

Various methods to test the speed of calculators

HP Museum Benchmarks

These pseudo-code examples need tweaking for each calculator, some have alpha register names, some numeric.

The handling of the <loop> is different in each calculator,too.

The Programs are run for 1 minute and the result (the number of loops completed) is found in register 2 (or wherever is used in the calculator being tested).

HP Museum Maths Benchmark

psuedo code

LBL <whatever>
0
STO 2
1.01234 EEX 6
STO 0
2.345
STO 1
<loop>
RCL 1
RCL 0
*
RCL 1
-
RCL 0
/
RCL 1
*
3.5
/
SQRT
1
STO+ 2
GTO <loop>

HP Museum Trig Benchmark

pseudo code

LBL <whatever>
56.26
STO 0
0
STO 2
<loop>
RCL 0
SIN
ASIN
COS
ACOS
TAN
ATAN
LN
e^x
1
STO + 2
GTO <loop>

Overall Results

sorted by Maths Benchmark

Date	Calculator	Serial No	Firmware	Maths Result	Maths % ¹⁾	Trig Result	Trig %²⁾	Comment
12/01/26	DM15L *	21350	lf15c_250408.hex	99,869	14,708%	17,306	43,265%	3rd Party Firmware
21/09/24	DM15L *	21350	lf15c_beta240920.zip	68,791	10,131%	14,159	35,397%	3rd Party Firmware
20/07/23	DM32	00812	2.03	46,265	6,813%	12,224	30,560%
26/05/22	DM42	06434	3.21	24,701	3,637%	3,741	9,352.5%
09/05/24	DM42 *	06434	C47 00.109.01.03a2	4,976	732.8%	210	525.0%	3rd Party Firmware
02/08/24	DM41X	01266	2.2	3,273	482%	627	1,690%	FAST/USB power
17/09/24	DM15L *	21350	lf15c_beta240916_2.zip	1,346	198%			3rd Party Firmware
26/05/22	DM41X	01266	2.1	1,117	164%	228	570%	FAST mode
02/08/24	DM41X	01266	2.2	1,038	152%	206	515%	FAST
14/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	900	132%	177	442%	FAST
23/01/26	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_34	790	116%	199	497%	48MHz
26/05/22	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_32	676	99%	185	462.5%	48MHz
26/05/22	HP35S	PHA9150KFF	n/a	292	43%	113	282.5%
23/12/25	DM41L	05121	DM41_34	261	38%	140	350%	48MHz
26/08/24	DM41L	05121	DM41_32	154	22%	108	270%	48MHz
26/05/22	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_32	150	22%	41	102.5%	12MHz
26/08/24	DM41L	05121	DM41_32	96	14%	40	100%	12MHz
26/05/22	DM41X	01266	2.1	93	13%	18	45%	SLOW mode (original HP41 Speed)
02/08/24	DM41X	01266	2.2	93	13%	18	45%	SLOW
28/07/22	HP11C	2219AO3710	n/a	37	5.45%	9	22.5%

Reference is HP9100 : Maths Score = 679, Trig Score = 40

Code

State Files for DM32

Maths : hpbmm : hpbmm.d32 : Run as XEQ A : Get result from RCL C

Trig : hpbmt : hpbmt.d32 : Run as XEQ A : Get result from RCL C

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM42

LBL "BM"
0
STO 02
1.01234E6 
STO 00
2.345
STO 01
LBL 02
RCL 01
RCL 00
x
RCL 01
-
RCL 00
÷
RCL 01
x
3.5
÷
SQRT
1
STO+ 02
GTO 02
END

Raw File : Maths Benchmark (bm) file for DM41X & DM42 bm.raw

Raw File : Trig Benchmark (bmt) file for DM41X & DM42 bmt.raw

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM41X

LBL ¬BM
0
STO 02
1.01234 E6
STO 00
2.345
STO 01
LBL 02
RCL 01
RCL 00
*
RCL 01
-
RCL 00
/
RCL 01
*
3.5
/
SQRT
1
ST+ 02
GTO 02
END

Maths Benchmark Listing for HP35S

LBL X
0
STO C
1.01234E6
STO A
2.345
STO B
RCL B  <-- loop in
RCL A
x
RCL B
-
RCL A
÷
RCL B
x
3.5
÷
√x
1
STO+ C
GTO X008  --> loop in

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM15L / HP15C

LBL E
0
STO 2
1
.
0
1
2
3
4
EEX
6 
STO 0
2
.
3
4
5
STO 1
LBL 2
RCL 1
RCL 0
x
RCL 1
-
RCL 0
÷
RCL 1
x
3
.
5
÷
√x
1
STO + 2
GTO 2
RTN

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM32

LBL A
0
STO C
1.01234 E 6
STO A
2.345
STO B
LBL B
RCL B
RCL A
X
RCL B
-
RCL A
/
RCL B
X
3.5
/
SQRT
1
STO+ C
GTO B
RTN

DM15L Memory Dump : Maths Benchmark = LBL A, Trig Benchmark = LBL B

DM15_M1B
00  05626000000001  01000000000000  01000000000000  00000000000000
04  04975000fff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00999999999eae
08  00000000000000  2a2f87beda1280  00000000bcaf80  00000000000000
10  05626000000001  02345000000000  00000000000000  04000000000001
14  f0000000000402  1b4c4c4c4c4c4c  000000000007f7  000000000007fe
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01990000000002
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f4  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  b21282dff1cafd
f8  f5c0f3fc31fd30  fb31fc30310241  f5f4f3c0f240f6  c6f4f3f2f1f0c0
fc  f142f00ab21382  dff1cbbbb9c9b8  c8b7c7300342f0  40f6f2c0f6f50b
A: 04975000fff000  B: 04975000fffeae  C: 00999999999eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 04000000000000  N: 04975000000000  G: 06

The SAVAGE benchmark

From HPCC Datafile V37N1 pp38-42

Raw File : Savage Benchmark (svg) for DM41X & DM42 svg.raw

State File : savage for DM32 savage.d32 : XEQ S

Listing for self-timed version

LBL "SVG"
"SAVAGE"
AVIEW
RAD
2499
STO 00
1
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
STO 01
TIME
X<> 01
LBL 01
X^2
SQRT
LN
E^X
ATAN
TAN
+
DSE 00 
GTO 01
TIME
RCL 01
HMS-
HR
3600
*
END

Listing for the simple (manual timed) version

No time calculation, it needs a stopwatch to measure the time… for calculators without TIME functions

LBL A
RAD
2499
STO A (for HP11C "STO I", for DM15L "STO 0")
1
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
LBL B
X^2
SQRT
LN
E^X
ATAN
TAN
+
DSE A  (for HP11C "DSE", for DM15L "DSE 0" )
GTO B
RTN

DM15L Memory Dump

DM15_M1B
00  01000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000  00000000000000
04  32499970322000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40997997010eae
08  00000000000000  3ebeefb6e4228f  e79282e8bc2ac0  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  08000000000000  06000000000000  02498970322003
14  f0000000000504  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001fc  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  06000000000000
1c  04000000000000  07000000000000  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
fc  000000000000b2  1b82fac9b9cbbb  caba0bc1c1c1f1  40f9f9f4f2e80a
A: 32499970322000  B: 32499970322eae  C: 40997997010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 02499970322003  G: 09

LF15C Memory Dump

Results

On Battery:

Calculator	Firmware	Seconds	Mins/seconds	Comment	Displayed Result
DM15L *	LF15c_beta250217b	3.862 seconds	0 mins 3.862 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15L *	LF15c_beta250215	3.969 seconds	0 mins 3.969 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15l *	LF15C_250408	4.008 seconds	0 mins 4.008 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15L *	LF15c_beta241006	5.9510 seconds	0 mins 5.951 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15L *	LF15C_beta240928	6.3 seconds	0 min 6.3 sec	manually timed	2500.00000000118
DM32	2.03 & 2.06	6.3 seconds	0 min 6.3 sec		2500.00000000
DM42	3.22	14.9 seconds	0 min 14.9 sec		2500.00000000
DM41X	2.3	143.69 seconds	2 min 26.69 sec	FAST mode / USB Power	2499.970322
DM41X	2.1	207.03 seconds	3 min 27.03 sec	FAST mode	2499.970322
DM41X	2.2	244.2 seconds	4 min 4.25 sec	FAST mode	2499.970322
DM15L	DM15_M1B_34	247.3 seconds	4 min 34.3 sec	48MHz	2499.970322
DM41X	2.3	284.15 seconds	4 min 44.15 sec	FAST Mode	2499.970322
DM15L	DM15_32	288 seconds	4 min 48 sec	48MHz	2499.970322
DM41L	DM41_34	513.73 seconds	8 min 33 sec	48MHZ	2499.970322
DM41L	DM41_32	758.67 seconds	12 min 38.67 sec	48MHz	2499.970322
HP35S	n/a	877 seconds	14 min 37 sec		2499.99939863
DM41L	DM41_34	1285.93 seconds	21 min 25.93 seconds	12MHz	2499.970322
DM41X	2.1	2652.37 seconds	44 min 12.37 sec	SLOW mode	2499.970322
HP11C		5160 seconds	1 hour 26 min 0 sec		2499.970322

On USB Power :

DM41X : 58.1 seconds (FAST mode) (F/W/ Version ?)
DM42 : 5.56 seconds

N-Queens

https://www.hpmuseum.org/cgi-bin/articles.cgi?read=700

Raw File : N-Queens file (nqu) for DM41X & DM42 nqu.raw

State File : nqu for DM32 nqu.d32

Listing for HP41/DM41X/DM41L/HP42/DM42

// for HP41 / HP 42  ... DM41X, DM41L, DM42
// shows run-time on completion

LBL "NQU"   
CLRG
TIME
STO 20
8 
STO 11
LBL 00  
RCL 00 
RCL 11
X=Y? 
GTO 04
ISG 00 
DEG
STO IND 00
LBL 01 
ISG 10 
DEG
RCL 00 
STO 09
LBL 02  
DSE 09 
DEG
RCL 09 
X=0? 
GTO 00
RCL IND 00 
RCL IND 09 
-
X=0? 
GTO 03
ABS 
RCL 00 
RCL 09 
-
X<>Y? 
GTO 02
LBL 03  
DSE IND 00 
GTO 01
DSE 00 
GTO 03
LBL 04 
RCL 10
TIME 
RCL 20
HMS-
HR
3600
*
RTN

Listing for DM15L with LF15C firmware

LBL 88
CLEAR REG
8
STO 10
LBL 80
RCL 0
RCL 10
X=Y?
GTO 84
1
STO+ 0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL 10
STO (i)
LBL 81
1
STO+ 11
RCL 0
STO 9
LBL 82
1
STO- 9
RCL 9
X=0?
GTO 80
RCL 0
STO I
RCL (i)
RCL 9
STO I
RDN
RCL (i)
-
X=0?
GTO 83
ABS
RCL 0
RCL 9
-
X<>Y?
GTO 82
LBL 83
RCL 0
STO I
1
STO- (i)
RCL (i)
X<>0?
GTO 81
1
STO- 0
RCL 0
X<>0?
GTO 83
LBL 84
RCL 11
runTime
RTN

LF15C Memory Dump

Listing for DM15L / HP15C

LBL A
CLR_REG
8
STO .0
LBL 0
RCL 0
RCL .0
TEST 5
GTO 4
1
STO+0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL .0
STO (i)
LBL 1
1
STO+.1
RCL 0
STO 9
LBL 2
1
STO-9
RCL 9
x=0
GTO 0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL (i)
RCL 9
STO I
R_down
RCL (i)
-
x=0
GTO 3
ABS
RCL 0
RCL 9
-
TEST 6
GTO 2
LBL 3
RCL 0
STO I
1
STO-(i)
RCL (i)
TEST 0
GTO 1
1
STO-0
RCL 0
TEST 0
GTO 3
LBL 4
RCL .1
RTN

DM15L Memory Dump

DM15_M1B
00  08000000000000  08000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
04  065140fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000999eae
08  00000000000000  22af8d9e7e0080  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  08000000000000  08000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000
14  f0000000000537  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f7  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  04000000000000
1c  01000000000000  03000000000000  06000000000000  02000000000000
20  07000000000000  05000000000000  00000000000000  08000000000000
24  08760000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f4  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  b25104137030a0
f8  dff1117086bddf  f19730031276fb  3930b313ecfb86  c4973986973010
fc  ec39a9dff10249  3091dff1019650  973080dff11475  50300060f8a50a
A: 065140fffff000  B: 065140fffffeae  C: 00000000999eae
S: 00000000000000
M: aaaaaaaaaaaaaa  N: 06514000000000  G: 04

Date	Calculator	Serial No.	Firmware	Seconds	Mins : Secs	Comment
12/01/26	DM15L*	21350	LF15C_250408	0.992 seconds	0:0.992	Self-timed with runTime function
14/04/26	DM32	00812	2.11	3.02 seconds	0:03.02	Manual Timed. Battery
14/04/26	DM32	00812	2.11	1.3 seconds	0:01.30	Manual Timed. USB Power
28/01/26	DM42	06434	3.23	7.30 seconds	0:07.30	Battery
14/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	49.55 seconds	0:49.55	FAST mode / USB Power
10/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	101.29 seconds	1:41.29	FAST mode / battery
23/01/26	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_34	202.16 seconds	3:22.16	48MHz, manually timed
10/01/26	DM41L	05121	DM41_34	509.19 seconds	8:29.19	48MHz
11/01/26	DM41L	05121	DM41_34	870.58 seconds	14:30.58	12MHz
10/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	1008.60 seconds	16:48.60	SLOW mode / battery

* Running 3rd party firmware https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046.html

Tony's Benchmark

From http://www.thimet.de/CalcCollection/CalcPerformance.html

Code

Listing for the benchmark

LBL A  (For DM41X and DM42 : LBL "AA")
10
STO A  (For DM41X and DM42 : STO 00 )
LBL B
1
+
4.567E-4
-
70
+
69
-
7
x
11
/
RCL A (RCL 00)
1
-
STO A (STO 00)
X≠0?
GTO B
R↓
LOG
SIN
SQRT
SQRT
RTN


LBL C  (For DM41X and DM42 : LBL "TBM")
XEQ A  (XEQ "AA")
RCL C  (RCL 03)
1
-
STO C (STO 03)
X≠0?
GTO C (GTO "TBM")
RTN

For multiple loops store a Loop Count in C (or in Register 03)

(1000 STO C) and then XEQ C

For single loop (slow calculator) simply XEQ A

Result is the time to complete the loop(s) and deliver the answer 0.264577

Performance Index is calculated as

Loops x 34 / Time

For 1000 loops in 13 seconds:

1000 x 34 / 13 = 2615.38

Results

Date	Calculator	Serial No	Loops	Time	Performance Index	Comments	Result
22/11/23	DM42	06434	1000	8 sec	4250	USB Power
22/11/23	DM32	00812	1000	13 sec	2615	f/w : 2.06	0.26457749818
22/11/23	DM42	06434	1000	21 sec	1619	Battery Power	0.26457749818
21/09/24	DM15L *	21350	1000	42.8 sec	794	3rd Party Firmware : LF15C_beta240921	0.26457749817596
21/09/24	DM15L *	21350	100	4.5 sec	756	3rd Party Firmware : LF15C_beta240921	0.26457749817596
22/11/23	DM41X	01266	20	6 sec	113	FAST mode / USB
09/05/24	DM42 *	06434	30	9.6 sec	106	3rd Party Firmware : C47 00.109.01.03a2
22/11/23	DM15L	21350	10	12 sec	28	48MHz	0.264577498
22/11/23	DM41X	01266	10	10 sec	24	FAST mode / Battery	0.264577498
22/11/23	HP35S	PHA9150KFF	5	25 sec	6.8
22/11/23	DM15L	21350	10	54 sec	6.3	12MHz	0.264577498
22/11/23	DM41X	01266	10	118 sec	2.8	SLOW mode/ Battery
22/11/23	HP11C	2219A03710	1	21 sec	1.6

Fingerprinting

Each calculator handles the calculation of functions (SIN, COS etc) differently - different algorithms, different degrees of precision etc.

One way of spotting similar underlying hard/firmware is to carry out a fixed chained calculation on each calculator and to observe the result.

One common test is a sequence of SIN COS TAN ATAN ACOS ASIN on a relatively low starting number - such as 9

9SINCOSTANATANACOSASIN gives a number (hopefully) very close to the starting value of 9 - and the variance from 9 is a fingerprint that can be used to spot similarities between different models.

Calculator	Displayed Result ³⁾	Error (Result - 9)	Firmware
HP11C	9.000417403	4.17403e-4
DM15L	9.000417403	4.17403e-4	DM15_32
DM41X	9.000417403	4.17403e-4	2.1
DM41L	9.000417403	4.17403e-4	DM41_32
HP35S	8.99999986001	-1.3999e-7
DM15L *	8.99999999983416	-1.65842e-10	3rd party LF15C_beta240916 17/09/24
DM42	9.00000000000	-6.2466e-29	DM42 3.22 / Free42 3.0.15
DM32	9.00000000000	-6.2466e-29	2.06

I also found a different version of the same idea at https://tangentsoft.com/rpn/wiki?name=Ballpark+Accuracy#results

Instead of subtracting 9 from the result this test divides the result by 9 and then finds the LOG₁₀ of this fractional error

9SINCOSTANATANACOSASIN 9 / LOG

Here are some of these results

Calculator	Displayed Result	Error=(Result / 9)	Log₁₀(Error)	Comments
DM41X	9.000417403	1.000046378	2.0141242e-05	f/w 2.3
DM41L	9.000417403	1.000046378	2.0141242e-05	f/w DM41_34
DM15L*	8.99999999983416	0.999999999981573	-8.0027125631e-12	3rd Party F/W LF15C_250408
DM42	9.00000000000	1.00000000000	3.01430771055e-30	DM42 3.26 / Free42 3.3.10
DM32	9.00000000000	1.00000000000	3.01430771055e-30	DM32 2.11

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 07:58:36 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 14/04/26 14:35 BST

Further Information

calculator

¹⁾

versus HP9100 : 679

²⁾

versus HP9100 : 40

³⁾

at max. display resolution

DM41X 41z Module

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 17 Feb 2026 15:42:44 +0000

←Calculators

DM41X 41z Module

Keyboard Overlay

Setup

assign the complex keyboard Z i.e. function ΣZL to USER menu on key Σ+
- SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT F Z L ALPHA Σ+
  - SHIFT F is the method of getting Σ from the ALPHA keyboard (see the back of calculator)
- Enter USER mode with USR key
- The Σ+ now activates a complex number function when it's pressed - for one operation only

The rest of the guide was written without the use of full-time ZKEYS in mind

in the forum thread dealing with the factorization bug in the deluxe version Angel recommended I use the ΣZL method. He fears that occasionally ZKEYS might be broken with incorrect/missing USER assignments - so I'll try to stick to the normal ΣZL method.

Quick Ref

Z = Σ+

↑IM/AG = Z XEQ
ZREAL↑ = Z Z RCL
ZIMAG↑ = Z Z XEQ
ZINV = Z 1/X
POLAR = Z Z R→P (i.e. 6)
RECT = Z Z P→R (i.e. 5)
ZCONJ = Z SHIFT CHS (complex conjugate)
Z ^ X = Z EEX
Z ^ 1/X = Z Z EEX (root(s) of complex number) : see Cubic Roots
- ZNXTNRT _ = Z Z SHIFT √x NEXT ROOT enter the root you want
ZWDOT = ZZ. : dot product of 2 vectors/complex numbers
ZWCROSS = ZZ2 : Magnitude of the Cross Product of 2 vectors/complex numbers (no sign)
ZWDET = ZZ7 : Determinant (Cross Product) of 2 vectors/complex numbers, incl. sign/direction

Basic Operation

enter two numbers and add them together

The ''natural'' entry method

Enter a complex number to the stack
- 5 + j 20
  - 5 Z XEQ 2 0 ENTER
    - Z XEQ is ^IM/AG - set the imaginary part
add a second number to the stack
- 10 - j 32
  - 10 Z XEQ 3 2 CHS ENTER
add the two numbers together
- Z +
15 - j 12

Enter a real number

2.75 + j 0
- 2.75 Z Z RCL

Enter an imaginary number

0 + j 3.1415 (i Pi)
- SHIFT π Z Z XEQ

Use it to calculate with....

calculate e^iπ
- Z SHIFT e^x
- - 1 + j 0
- e^iπ = -1

Parallel Impedances

This involves the complex inverse function Z 1/x

Z1 = 50 + j 13 in parallel with Z2 = 23 - j 85
- enter Z1 50 Z XEQ 13 ENTER and invert it Z 1/X
  - 0.02 - j 4.87E-3
- enter Z2 23 Z XEQ 85 CHS ENTER and invert it Z 1/X
  - 2.97E-3 + j0.01
- add them together Z +
  - 0.02 +j0.01 and invert Z 1/X
    - 42.72 - j 11.99

convert to Rectangular ⇔ Polar operation

Z = 50 - j 23
initially in rectangular form…¹⁾
- enter Z as usual
  - 50 Z XEQ 23CHS ENTER
- convert to Polar format
  - Z Z 6 ( 6 is R→P but needs two presses of Z to activate it)
  - 55.04 ∠ -24.70
- convert back to Rectangular operation
  - Z Z 5
  - 50 - j 23

enter a number directly in Polar format

To enter 5 ∠ 53.13 directly
- switch to Polar format Z Z 6
- enter Mag / Angle:
  - 5 Z XEQ 53.13 ENTER
  - display : 5 ∠ 53.13
convert to Rect
- Z Z 5
  - display : 3.00 + j 4.00

Cubic Roots

Rectangular

enter complex real number -8 + j 0
- 8 CHS Z Z RCL
  - -8 + j 0
- enter 3 (goes into the normal X register)
- find the result of Z↑1/x
  - Z ZEEX
    - 1 + j 1.732 (the first of the cube-roots of -8)
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - Z Z SHIFT√x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - -2 + j 0
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - Z Z SHIFT √x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - 1 - j 1.732

The 3 cube roots of -8 are

1 + j 1.732
-2 + j 0 (the basic real cube root)
1 - j 1.732

Polar

enter complex real number -8 + j 0
- 8 CHS Z Z RCL
  - -8 + j 0
  - convert to POLAR
    - Z Z6
      - 8 ∠ 180
- enter 3 (goes into the normal X register)
- find the result of Z↑1/x
  - Z Z EEX
    - 2 ∠ 60.000 (the first of the cube-roots of -8)
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - Z Z SHIFT √x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - 2 ∠ 180
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - ZZSHIFT√x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - 2 ∠ -60.000

The 3 cube roots (in POLAR) of -8 are

2 ∠ 60.000
2 ∠ 180
2 ∠ -60.000

Alternate input method

BEWARE

key Imaginary part first & press normal ENTER
key real part (and no ENTER)
do complex enter (Z ENTER) or another complex function (e.g. Z +) (be careful with the stack lift or it gets confusing)
e.g. 52 + j 36
- 36 ENTER 52 Z ENTER
- 52 + j 36 is now in Stack
enter second number
e.g. 23 - j 15
- 15 CHS ENTER 23 (don't Z ENTER this…!!)
to add them together use Z + now (instead of Z ENTER)
result : 75 + j 21

gotcha

pressing Z ENTER after the second number (instead of the required complex function) will give you

Stack value	Stack
	U
52 + j 36	V
23 - j 15	W
23 - j 15	Z

doing a Z + now will add the second number to itself and the result will be 46 - j 30

This is normal RPN stack behaviour, but is confusing when you're building complex numbers.

use ↑IM/AG instead

The natural entry mode is much better

you enter the real and imaginary parts in the order you expect them
the stack operation is less obscure.
It just seems more intuitive.

Page created Wed May 25 15:14:29 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 17/02/26 15:42 GMT

calculator, dm41x

¹⁾

Z Z 5 to make sure!

DM15L Startup Keys & Serial Console

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:10:32 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM15L Startup Keys & Serial Console

Start Keys

The DM15L has a few options which are set by holding certain keys at power on
In the Update from V33 onwards these settings can also be modified directly via the “Setup Menu”
- press fON then the key for the function as below….

Key	Function description
A	Display time/date for 5 minutes
B	Benchmark. Evaluate speed compared to original calculator
C	Switch to serial console
D	Start Bootloader
E	System info. Firmware version, battery voltage, CPU frequency, etc.
CHS	Change LCD contrast.¹⁾
EEX	Reset LCD contrast to default values.
STO	Adjust RTC: decrement -1h
RCL	Adjust RTC: increment +1h
7	Cycle through available fonts
1	One Line Display
2	Two Line Display
9	Configure CPU speed. Toggle between 12MHz and 48MHz
÷	Keyboard self test
⨯	Self test
−	Power reset
+	Endless test
.	Toggle decimal delimiter
SST	Time/date adjustment.²⁾
GTO	Toggle annunciator position

Serial Console

Settings

Speed : 38400
Data bits : 8
Stop bits : 1
Parity : None
Flow control : XON/XOFF (or none)

Commands

 
VOYAGER >> ?
Firmware DM15_M80_V32

?          Help
p          Key press
s          Dump memory
l          Load memory
ct         Console timeout
bootloader Invoke Bootloader
t          Get time
ts         Set time
td         Update time
kb         Toggle keyboard output to console
d          Toggle display output to console
b          Read battery voltage

Type '<command> ?' for params
VOYAGER >>

The calculator can be programmed using the dumps, via the Serial Console, by copy & paste of the text of dump using the Serial Console command l

An example session

Memory dump captured by Copy & Paste from the console session above.

DM15_M1B
00  03000007146000  03999994641000  03999994641000  00000000000000
04  49828382834000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002005999eae
08  00000000000000  39fa0ffffaea8f  dba083fce4bf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  05000000000000
14  f0000000000089  20323232323232  000000000001f2  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  05313010235001
1c  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  01844692622004
f0  00000000000000  00000000000000  000000000000b2  fdfbf132faf142
f4  ccfdf0f20cb2c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  32fbf1420bb233  44fcc3f0f2bcfd
f8  faf133fbf143fd  a2cff182cff142  cafd0ab21282df  f1cafdf5c0f3fc
fc  31fd30fb31fc30  310241f5f4f3c0  f240f6c6f4f3f2  f1f0c0f142f00e
A: 49828382834000  B: 49828382834eae  C: 00002005999eae
S: 00000000001000
M: 01844692622004  N: 99828382834004  G: 06

This dump pasted into the Swiss Micro decoder

The decoded dump, showing the actual program commands

001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  0            |        0
003  STO 2        |    44  2
004  1            |        1
005  .            |       48
006  0            |        0
007  1            |        1
008  2            |        2
009  3            |        3
010  4            |        4
011  EEX          |       26
012  6            |        6
013  STO 0        |    44  0
014  2            |        2
015  .            |       48
016  3            |        3
017  4            |        4
018  5            |        5
019  STO 1        |    44  1
020  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
021  RCL 1        |    45  1
022  RCL 0        |    45  0
023  *            |       20
024  RCL 1        |    45  1
025  -            |       30
026  RCL 0        |    45  0
027  /            |       10
028  RCL 1        |    45  1
029  *            |       20
030  3            |        3
031  .            |       48
032  5            |        5
033  /            |       10
034  sqrt         |       11
035  1            |        1
036  STO+2        | 44,40, 2
037  GTO 2        |    22  2
038  RTN          |   43  32
039  LBL A        | 42,21,11
040  /            |       10
041  sqrt         |       11
042  STO 2        |    44  2
043  1            |        1
044  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
045  1            |        1
046  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
047  /            |       10
048  STO 3        |    44  3
049  1            |        1
050  -            |       30
051  RCL 3        |    45  3
052  1            |        1
053  +            |       40
054  /            |       10
055  LOG          |   43  13
056  2            |        2
057  0            |        0
058  CHS          |       16
059  *            |       20
060  STO 4        |    44  4
061  RCL 3        |    45  3
062  RTN          |   43  32
063  LBL B        | 42,21,12
064  STO 2        |    44  2
065  1            |        1
066  -            |       30
067  RCL 2        |    45  2
068  1            |        1
069  +            |       40
070  /            |       10
071  LOG          |   43  13
072  2            |        2
073  0            |        0
074  *            |       20
075  CHS          |       16
076  RTN          |   43  32
077  LBL C        | 42,21,13
078  2            |        2
079  0            |        0
080  /            |       10
081  10^x         |       13
082  STO 2        |    44  2
083  1            |        1
084  +            |       40
085  RCL 2        |    45  2
086  1            |        1
087  -            |       30
088  /            |       10
089  RTN          |   43  32

Page created Thu May 26 17:41:19 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:10 GMT

calculator, dm15l

¹⁾

LCD Setting : Param1: up +, down −, Param2: up Σ+, down 3

²⁾

Date Adjustment Usage: Up +, Down −, Next ⨯, Prev ÷, ENTER to Set, ON to Cancel

DM41X Catalogues

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 07 Apr 2024 23:10:25 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X Catalogues

What the different Catalogues show

SHIFT ENTER & enter the number of the catalogue. R/S to stop the auto-scrolling and use SST or ⇑ / ⇓ to step through the listing of items.

Catalogue 1 is User Programs
Catalogue 2 is External Functions
Catalogue 3 is Standard Functions
Catalogue 4 is Extended Memory Directory (is usually empty. After running Cat 4 the current free-size of extended memory is left in X)
Catalogue 5 is Alarms
Catalogue 6 is USR Keyboard assignments

Page created Wed May 25 16:57:27 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 08/04/24 00:10 BST

calculator, dm41x

DM41 Save/Restore Statistics

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 10 Feb 2026 18:01:25 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41 Save/Restore Statistics

Using Extended Memory to save Statistics Registers

Background

Statistics use 6 regular registers to keep track of data for calculating Mean and Standard Deviations.

Keeping a long-term record of a set of variables means not being able to use the Statistics functions for anything else unless steps are taken to save and restore the registers.

It is possible to save the 6 registers in a data file in Extended Memory and then use the statistics for other things, and restore the saved Statistics back to Main Memory when required.

By Default the Statistics registers start at R11 but this can be changed with the command ∑REG

This is the default list of Statistics Registers and contents

R11	∑x	Summation of x-values
R12	∑x²	Summation of squares of x-values.
R13	∑y	Summation of y-values.
R14	∑y²	Summation of squares of y-values.
R15	∑xy	Summation of products of x- and y-values.
R16	n	Number of data points accumulated.

Advantage Pac : CFIT application seems to reset ∑REG to 12

Extended Memory Data File

The statistics registers use 6 Main Memory registers, usually R11 → R16

We need to create a Data File in Extended Memory to hold these.

Put the name in ALPHA e.g. REGS
Put 6 in x register
excecute CRFLD to create the Data File REGS in Extended Memory

Once it's created it can be used to hold the contents of the 6 Statistics Registers

Save Registers to Extended Memory

We need to make sure our Data File is the current file and that the pointer is at the beginning of the file
- Put REGS in ALPHA
- Put 0 in X so that we put the pointer at the first register record in the data file.
- Execute SEEKPTA
Now we need to copy the 6 Registers R11 → R16 to the Data File REGS
- ensure REGS is still in ALPHA
- put a number in X to indicate which range of Registers to save, this is bbb.eee where b is the beginning register and e is the end
  - put 11.016 in X
- execute SAVERX

Restore Registers from Extended Memory to Main Memory

We need to make sure our Data File is the current file and that the pointer is at the beginning of the file
- Put REGS in ALPHA
- Put 0 in X
- Execute SEEKPTA
We can copy the 6 registers held in the Data File REGS back to R11 → R16
- ensure REGS is still in ALPHA
- put a number in X to indicate where the recovered registers will be put in Main Memory
  - put 11.016 in X
- execute GETRX

A program to make it easier

It is possible to change the base register of the 6 Statistics Registers, away from the default of R11.

We need to take this into account.

This uses the query ∑REG? to find the base register, then create bbb.eee using simple arithmetic.

When used in SAVER (saveRegs) we ensure we copy the current Statistics Registers data.

When used in GETR (getRegs) we ensure we restore our data to the Registers currently set to be the active Statistics Registers (they may have changed since first saving them)

LBL ¬SAVER
¬REGS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
1.001
*
.005
+
SAVERX
¬REGS SAVED
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN
LBL ¬GETR
¬REGS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
1.001
*
.005
+
GETRX
¬REGS OK
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN

Multiple Saved Files

It's possible to have more than one Extended Memory file with Stats registers.

This could keep track of different sets of statistics and allow restore, update, save for many sets of statistical data.

I've set up two data files : REGS and CHESS in extended memory and made two version of the simple program above, the only change is to alter the lines which put the name of the file in ALPHA

Then I thought of adding a 7th Register holding the DATE of the latest SAVE for the CHESS statistics, so I can keep track of whether I'm up to date in entering the scores.

Delete the original CHESS Data File & make a new one with 7 registers

ALPHA → CHESS
execute PURFL
X = 7
ALPHA still → CHESS
execute CRFLD to create the new 7-register data file

The date is automatically stored in the register just after the Stats - in general in R18 when ΣREG is 12 - and automatically adapts the register used depending on ΣREG?

Here is SAVEC and GETC for saveChess and getChess

LBL ¬SAVEC
¬CHESS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
STO 01
6
+
STO 00
DATE
STO IND 00
RCL 01
1.001
*
.006
+
SAVERX
¬CHESS SAVED
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN
END

LBL ¬GETC
¬CHESS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
STO 01
6
+
STO 00
RCL 01
1.001
*
.006
+
GETRX
CLA
RCL IND 00
¬LAST 
ADATE
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN
END

Further Ideas

I might make a better version which prompts for a Data File name rather than having one separate program for each scenario

calculator, dm41x, dm41l

DM41X Hints & Tips

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:09:46 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X Hints & Tips

Module Switching

Using the Ladybug module for Integer/Base calculations means it's impossible to also have the 41Z complex number module or the HP16C simulator module and the necessary library “plugged in” at the same time. There is a clash between Library 4 needed for 41z (and also needed for 16C) and OS/4 which is needed for Ladybug.

I've used the DM41X “module save/load” function to have different module-plugged states:

41z.m41 : with 41Z 2×2 Deluxe and Library 4 modules active
16c.m41 : with HP16 C Simulator and Library 4 modules active
lady.m41 : with Boost, OS/4 and Ladybug modules active
adv.m41 : with Advantage Pac module active

These are accessed via setup → 2. Module → 4. Load Modules → 1. Load AM list

Choosing the required *.m41 file will automatically unplug/plug whichever modules were active when the config. was saved.

This makes it easier to remember which supporting library/module are needed to use each particular module's functions.

It's possible to also save the flash state - which modules have been pre-loaded into the DM41X's Flash Memory making them available to be plugged in using different options at the setup 2. Module choices…. you'll work it out.

Advantage Pac : Flag 21

I found that using some of the Advantage Pac programs (e.g. MATRX or CFIT) would lead to AVIEW instructions in programs run subsequently to cause a HALT - requiring use of the R/S key.

I was told via a question on the Swiss Micros Forum that this was likely to be due to the Advantage Pac setting FLAG 21 (printer active) to help in its own presentation of information on the display.

FLAG 21 SET while FLAG 55 is CLEAR (since there's no Printer Module active) causes AVIEW instructions to halt awaiting user intervention (R/S key)

To restore things to normal : either CLEAR Flag 21 via CF or simply turn the calculator off and on again.

See APPENDIX D in the HP41CX User Manual Volume 2 for a better explanation of the use of Flag 21 to control AVIEW behaviour.

Extended Memory

Copy a program to Extended Memory:

Put Prog's name in Alpha register
XEQ storep
The prog remains in main memory but can be deleted (CLP) if memory needed
To restore to main memory put name in Alpha and then XEQ GETSUB

DDAYS

To find the number of days between two dates

enter 1^st date into Y-stack as dd.mmyyyy
key in 2^nd date into X-stack as dd.mmyyyy
XEQ ALPHA D D A Y S ALPHA
result is the difference in days.
DDAYS can be added to the CST program chooser to make it easier if multiple calculations are required

Example

Days between 27/2/66 and 31/5/22

27.021966 ENTER 31.052022 XEQ ALPHA D D A Y S ALPHA

Result = 20,547

Check :

365 ÷

Result 56.293

I'm 56 and a bit… sounds right…

XYZALM

Various Alarm functions

Put any message for the Alarm into the ALHPA register

Load the stack registers with:

Z : Repeat Interval HHHH.MMSSs or 0
Y : Date DD.MMYYYY or 0
X : Time HH.MMSSs

Execute XYZALM to set the alarm

When alarm goes off it is acknowledged by pressing any key except STO.

Acknowledging a non-repeating (i.e. Z was 0) alarm cancels it.
Acknowledging a repeating alarm cancels it and re-arms it, adding the Repeat Interval to create the new alarm time.
Pressing STO cancels the alarm but makes it a PAST DUE alarm.

Example

Set alarm for 22:20, today, not repeating, called Supper

ALPHA S U P PER ALPHA
0 ENTER (for Z = repeat interval)
0 ENTER (for Y = Date = Today)
22.20 XEQ ALPHA X Y Z A L M ALPHA

At 22:20 the alarm is activated. ALPHA shows SUPPER.

Alarm is cancelled by pressing any key but STO

Pressing STO creates a PAST DUE alarm which means it gets re-triggered if the calculator is turned off. It can be cancelled and deleted by pressing any key (except STO) and then the calculator will turn off. Pressing STO will create a new Past Due alarm, and allow the calculator to turn off. On turn on the Past Due alarm will still exist and turning off will trigger it again.

A Past Due alarm is useful to remind you that something happened previously and turning the calculator off is a memory-jogger.

CATALOGUE 5 R/S and ⇑ ⇓ steps through all alarms.

To clear an alarm from the Catalogue: SHIFT C ( where C is √ on top row )

— John Pumford-Green 31/05/22 13:13

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:09 GMT

calculator, dm41x

Hints & Tips

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 04 Mar 2025 07:27:15 +0000

←Calculators

Hints & Tips

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 16:03:44 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/03/25 07:27 GMT

calculator

DM42 Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:08:10 +0000

←Programs

DM42 Progs

Using the Swiss Micros online encode/decode tool

https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/dm42/index.php

to convert a “RAW” file into readable text:

00 { 110-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "SWR"
02 INPUT "Fwd"
03 INPUT "Ref"
04 RCL "Ref"
05 RCL÷ "Fwd"
06 SQRT
07 STO "RHO"
08 1
09 RCL+ "RHO"
10 1
11 RCL- "RHO"
12 ÷
13 STO "SWR"
14 RCL "RHO"
15 LOG
16 20
17 ×
18 +/-
19 STO "RL"
20 VIEW "Ref"
21 PSE
22 VIEW "Fwd"
23 PSE
24 VIEW "RL"
25 PSE
26 VIEW "SWR"
27 PSE
28 RCL "Ref"
29 RCL "Fwd"
30 RCL "RL"
31 RCL "SWR"
32 END

00 { 41-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".flc"
02 MVAR "freq"
03 MVAR "C"
04 MVAR "L"
05 RCL "L"
06 RCL "C"
07 ×
08 SQRT
09 PI
10 ×
11 2
12 ×
13 1/X
14 RCL "freq"
15 -
16 END

00 { 280-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "LCC"
02 INPUT "Vcc"
03 INPUT "PWR"
04 INPUT "freq"
05 RCL "Vcc"
06 X^2
07 RCL "PWR"
08 2
09 ×
10 ÷
11 STO "RL"
12 RCL "RL"
13 50
14 X≤Y?
15 XEQ "LCC"
16 RCL÷ "RL"
17 1
18 -
19 SQRT
20 STO "Qmin"
21 VIEW "Qmin"
22 PSE
23▸LBL 01
24 INPUT "Q"
25 RCL "Qmin"
26 X≥Y?
27 GTO 01
28 RCL "freq"
29 2
30 ×
31 PI
32 ×
33 STO "w"
34 RCL "Q"
35 X^2
36 1
37 +
38 RCL× "RL"
39 STO "B"
40 50
41 ÷
42 1
43 -
44 SQRT
45 STO "A"
46 RCL "Q"
47 RCL× "RL"
48 STO "XL"
49 RCL "B"
50 RCL "Q"
51 RCL- "A"
52 ÷
53 STO "XC1"
54 RCL "A"
55 50
56 ×
57 STO "XC2"
58 RCL "XL"
59 RCL÷ "w"
60 STO "L"
61 RCL "w"
62 RCL× "XC1"
63 1/X
64 STO "C1"
65 RCL "w"
66 RCL× "XC2"
67 1/X
68 STO "C2"
69 "Load"
70 AVIEW
71 PSE
72 VIEW "RL"
73 PSE
74 "Inductor"
75 AVIEW
76 PSE
77 VIEW "L"
78 PSE
79 "Shunt Cap"
80 AVIEW
81 PSE
82 VIEW "C2"
83 PSE
84 "Series Cap"
85 AVIEW
86 PSE
87 VIEW "C1"
88 PSE
89 RCL "RL"
90 RCL "L"
91 RCL "C2"
92 RCL "C1"
93 END

00 { 290-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "LCL"
02 INPUT "Vcc"
03 INPUT "PWR"
04 INPUT "freq"
05 RCL "Vcc"
06 X^2
07 RCL "PWR"
08 2
09 ×
10 ÷
11 STO "RL"
12 RCL "RL"
13 50
14 X≤Y?
15 XEQ "LCL"
16 RCL÷ "RL"
17 1
18 -
19 SQRT
20 STO "Qmin"
21 VIEW "Qmin"
22 PSE
23▸LBL 01
24 INPUT "Q"
25 RCL "Qmin"
26 X≥Y?
27 GTO 01
28 RCL "freq"
29 2
30 ×
31 PI
32 ×
33 STO "w"
34 RCL "Q"
35 X^2
36 1
37 +
38 RCL× "RL"
39 STO "A"
40 50
41 ÷
42 1
43 -
44 SQRT
45 STO "B"
46 RCL "RL"
47 RCL× "Q"
48 STO "XL1"
49 RCL "B"
50 50
51 ×
52 STO "XL2"
53 RCL "A"
54 RCL "Q"
55 RCL+ "B"
56 ÷
57 STO "XC"
58 RCL "XL1"
59 RCL÷ "w"
60 STO "L1"
61 RCL "XL2"
62 RCL÷ "w"
63 STO "L2"
64 RCL "XC"
65 RCL× "w"
66 1/X
67 STO "C"
68 "Load"
69 AVIEW
70 PSE
71 VIEW "RL"
72 PSE
73 "Input Inductor"
74 AVIEW
75 PSE
76 VIEW "L1"
77 PSE
78 "Shunt Cap"
79 AVIEW
80 PSE
81 VIEW "C"
82 PSE
83 "Output Inductor"
84 AVIEW
85 PSE
86 VIEW "L2"
87 PSE
88 RCL "RL"
89 RCL "L1"
90 RCL "C"
91 RCL "L2"
92 END

00 { 260-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "DTC"
02 INPUT "Z"
03 INPUT "Fmin"
04 INPUT "Fmax"
05 INPUT "L"
06 INPUT "Qu"
07 RCL "Fmin"
08 RCL× "Fmax"
09 SQRT
10 2
11 ×
12 PI
13 ×
14 STO "w"
15 RCL "L"
16 RCL "w"
17 X^2
18 ×
19 1/X
20 STO "Co"
21 RCL "w"
22 RCL "Fmax"
23 RCL- "Fmin"
24 2
25 ×
26 PI
27 ×
28 ÷
29 STO "Ql"
30 RCL "Co"
31 RCL "Ql"
32 2
33 SQRT
34 ×
35 ÷
36 STO "C12"
37 RCL "Ql"
38 2
39 SQRT
40 ×
41 STO "Qj"
42 RCL "Qj"
43 1/X
44 RCL "Qu"
45 1/X
46 -
47 1/X
48 STO "Qej"
49 RCL× "w"
50 RCL× "L"
51 STO "Rej"
52 RCL "Rej"
53 RCL× "Z"
54 RCL "Z"
55 X^2
56 -
57 SQRT
58 RCL× "w"
59 1/X
60 STO "Cjl"
61 RCL "Co"
62 RCL- "Cjl"
63 RCL- "C12"
64 STO "Cj"
65 "Tank Cap"
66 AVIEW
67 PSE
68 VIEW "Cj"
69 PSE
70 "Coupling Cap"
71 AVIEW
72 PSE
73 VIEW "C12"
74 PSE
75 "End Cap"
76 AVIEW
77 PSE
78 VIEW "Cjl"
79 PSE
80 RCL "Fmin"
81 RCL "Cj"
82 RCL "C12"
83 RCL "Cjl"
84 END

00 { 49-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".VppdBm"
02 MVAR "Vpp"
03 MVAR "dBm"
04 RCL "Vpp"
05 X^2
06 400
07 ÷
08 1ᴇ-3
09 ÷
10 LOG
11 10
12 ×
13 RCL "dBm"
14 -
15 END

00 { 40-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".LXl"
02 MVAR "L"
03 MVAR "freq"
04 MVAR "XL"
05 RCL "freq"
06 RCL× "L"
07 2
08 ×
09 PI
10 ×
11 RCL "XL"
12 -
13 END

00 { 42-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".CXc"
02 MVAR "XC"
03 MVAR "freq"
04 MVAR "C"
05 RCL "XC"
06 RCL× "freq"
07 RCL× "C"
08 2
09 ×
10 PI
11 ×
12 1
13 -
14 END

00 { 45-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".S→RL"
02 MVAR "RL"
03 MVAR "SWR"
04 RCL "SWR"
05 1
06 -
07 RCL "SWR"
08 1
09 +
10 ÷
11 LOG
12 20
13 ×
14 +/-
15 RCL- "RL"
16 END

00 { 58-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".S→RF"
02 MVAR "Ref"
03 MVAR "Fwd"
04 MVAR "SWR"
05 1
06 RCL "Ref"
07 RCL÷ "Fwd"
08 SQRT
09 +
10 1
11 RCL "Ref"
12 RCL÷ "Fwd"
13 SQRT
14 -
15 ÷
16 RCL- "SWR"
17 END

00 { 37-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".VppW"
02 MVAR "Vpp"
03 MVAR "Watt"
04 RCL "Vpp"
05 X^2
06 400
07 ÷
08 RCL- "Watt"
09 END

00 { 160-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "OpBPF"
02 INPUT "freq"
03 INPUT "BW"
04 INPUT "Gain"
05 INPUT "C"
06 RCL "freq"
07 RCL÷ "BW"
08 STO "Q"
09 RCL "freq"
10 2
11 ×
12 PI
13 ×
14 STO "w"
15 RCL "Gain"
16 RCL "C"
17 RCL "Q"
18 2
19 ×
20 RCL "w"
21 RCL× "C"
22 ÷
23 STO "R3"
24 RCL "Q"
25 RCL "Gain"
26 RCL× "w"
27 RCL× "C"
28 ÷
29 STO "R1"
30 RCL "Q"
31 RCL "Q"
32 X^2
33 2
34 ×
35 RCL- "Gain"
36 RCL× "w"
37 RCL× "C"
38 ÷
39 STO "R2"
40 VIEW "R1"
41 PSE
42 VIEW "R2"
43 PSE
44 VIEW "R3"
45 RCL "freq"
46 RCL "R1"
47 RCL "R2"
48 RCL "R3"
49 END

00 { 51-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".PD"
02 MVAR "R1"
03 MVAR "R2"
04 MVAR "Vin"
05 MVAR "Vout"
06 RCL "Vin"
07 RCL "R1"
08 RCL+ "R2"
09 ÷
10 RCL "Vout"
11 RCL÷ "R2"
12 -
13 END

00 { 178-Byte Prgm }
01 GTO ".S←→RL"
02▸LBL "Lmat"
03 INPUT "Rlo"
04 INPUT "Rhi"
05 RCL "Rhi"
06 RCL "Rlo"
07 X≥Y?
08 XEQ "Lmat"
09 RCL "Rhi"
10 RCL÷ "Rlo"
11 1
12 -
13 SQRT
14 STO "Q"
15 RCL× "Rlo"
16 STO "XL"
17 RCL "Rhi"
18 RCL÷ "Q"
19 STO "XC"
20 INPUT "freq"
21 RCL "freq"
22 2
23 ×
24 PI
25 ×
26 STO "w"
27 RCL "XL"
28 RCL÷ "w"
29 STO "L"
30 RCL "XC"
31 RCL× "w"
32 1/X
33 STO "C"
34 "Q"
35 AVIEW
36 PSE
37 VIEW "Q"
38 PSE
39 "Inductor"
40 AVIEW
41 PSE
42 VIEW "L"
43 PSE
44 "Capacitor"
45 AVIEW
46 PSE
47 VIEW "C"
48 PSE
49 RCL "Rlo"
50 RCL "Rhi"
51 RCL "L"
52 RCL "C"
53 END

00 { 251-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Tmat"
02 INPUT "Rhi"
03 INPUT "Rlo"
04 INPUT "freq"
05 RCL "Rhi"
06 RCL "Rlo"
07 X>Y?
08 XEQ "Tmat"
09 RCL "Rhi"
10 RCL÷ "Rlo"
11 1
12 -
13 SQRT
14 STO "Qmin"
15 VIEW "Qmin"
16 PSE
17▸LBL 01
18 INPUT "Q"
19 RCL "Qmin"
20 X≥Y?
21 GTO 01
22 RCL "Q"
23 X^2
24 1
25 +
26 RCL× "Rlo"
27 STO "A"
28 RCL÷ "Rhi"
29 1
30 -
31 SQRT
32 STO "B"
33 RCL "Rlo"
34 RCL× "Q"
35 STO "XL1"
36 RCL "Rhi"
37 RCL× "B"
38 STO "XL2"
39 RCL "A"
40 RCL "Q"
41 RCL+ "B"
42 ÷
43 STO "XC"
44 RCL "freq"
45 2
46 ×
47 PI
48 ×
49 STO "w"
50 RCL "XL1"
51 RCL÷ "w"
52 STO "L1"
53 RCL "XL2"
54 RCL÷ "w"
55 STO "L2"
56 RCL "XC"
57 RCL× "w"
58 1/X
59 STO "C"
60 "L hi"
61 AVIEW
62 PSE
63 VIEW "L1"
64 PSE
65 "C shunt"
66 AVIEW
67 PSE
68 VIEW "C"
69 PSE
70 "L low"
71 AVIEW
72 PSE
73 VIEW "L2"
74 PSE
75 RCL "Q"
76 RCL "L1"
77 RCL "C"
78 RCL "L2"
79 END

00 { 135-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Piatt"
02 INPUT "Att"
03 INPUT "Z"
04 RCL "Att"
05 20
06 +/-
07 ÷
08 10^X
09 STO "A"
10 1
11 RCL+ "A"
12 1
13 RCL- "A"
14 ÷
15 RCL× "Z"
16 STO "R1"
17 1
18 RCL "A"
19 X^2
20 -
21 2
22 RCL× "A"
23 ÷
24 RCL× "Z"
25 STO "R2"
26 "Shunt R1"
27 AVIEW
28 PSE
29 VIEW "R1"
30 PSE
31 "Series R2"
32 AVIEW
33 PSE
34 VIEW "R2"
35 PSE
36 "Shunt R3"
37 AVIEW
38 PSE
39 VIEW "R1"
40 PSE
41 RCL "Att"
42 RCL "R1"
43 RCL "R2"
44 RCL "R1"
45 END

00 { 144-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "MPad"
02 INPUT "Zh"
03 INPUT "Zl"
04 RCL "Zl"
05 RCL÷ "Zh"
06 STO "A"
07 1
08 RCL- "A"
09 SQRT
10 RCL× "Zh"
11 STO "R1"
12 RCL "Zl"
13 1
14 RCL- "A"
15 SQRT
16 ÷
17 STO "R2"
18 RCL "A"
19 1/X
20 1
21 -
22 SQRT
23 RCL "A"
24 1/X
25 SQRT
26 +
27 X^2
28 1/X
29 LOG
30 10
31 ×
32 +/-
33 STO "G"
34 "Loss"
35 AVIEW
36 PSE
37 VIEW "G"
38 PSE
39 "Series R(hiZ)"
40 AVIEW
41 PSE
42 VIEW "R1"
43 PSE
44 "Shunt R(loZ)"
45 AVIEW
46 PSE
47 VIEW "R2"
48 PSE
49 RCL "G"
50 RCL "R1"
51 RCL "R2"
52 END

00 { 141-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Tatt"
02 INPUT "Att"
03 INPUT "Z"
04 RCL "Att"
05 20
06 ÷
07 10^X
08 STO "G"
09 RCL "G"
10 1
11 -
12 RCL "G"
13 1
14 +
15 ÷
16 RCL× "Z"
17 STO "R1"
18 STO "R2"
19 RCL "G"
20 RCL "G"
21 X^2
22 1
23 -
24 ÷
25 RCL× "Z"
26 2
27 ×
28 STO "R3"
29 "Series R1"
30 AVIEW
31 PSE
32 VIEW "R1"
33 PSE
34 "Shunt R3"
35 AVIEW
36 PSE
37 VIEW "R3"
38 PSE
39 "Series R2"
40 AVIEW
41 PSE
42 VIEW "R2"
43 PSE
44 RCL "Att"
45 RCL "R1"
46 RCL "R3"
47 RCL "R2"
48 END

00 { 151-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Bias"
02 INPUT "Vcc"
03 INPUT "Hfe"
04 INPUT "Ie"
05 RCL "Vcc"
06 12
07 ÷
08 STO "Ve"
09 0.7
10 +
11 STO "Vb"
12 RCL "Ve"
13 RCL÷ "Ie"
14 STO "Re"
15 RCL "Ie"
16 RCL÷ "Hfe"
17 STO "Ib"
18 RCL "Vb"
19 10
20 RCL× "Ib"
21 ÷
22 STO "R2"
23 RCL "Vcc"
24 RCL- "Vb"
25 11
26 RCL× "Ib"
27 ÷
28 STO "R1"
29 RCL "Vcc"
30 2
31 ÷
32 STO "Vc"
33 RCL "Vcc"
34 RCL- "Vc"
35 RCL÷ "Ie"
36 STO "Rc"
37 RCL "R1"
38 RCL "R2"
39 RCL "Rc"
40 RCL "Re"
41 END

00 { 26-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "FIB"
02 STO "N"
03 1
04 ENTER
05 0
06▸LBL A
07 +
08 LASTX
09 X<>Y
10 DSE "N"
11 GTO A
12 END

00 { 10-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Eng3"
02 ENG 03
03 END

00 { 10-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Fix6"
02 FIX 06
03 END

00 { 19-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "SM"
02 STO 00
03 0
04 STO 01
05▸LBL 01
06 RCL 00
07 STO+ 01
08 DSE 00
09 GTO 01
10 RCL 01
11 END

00 { 49-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "BM"
02 0
03 STO 02
04 1.01234ᴇ6
05 STO 00
06 2.345
07 STO 01
08▸LBL 02
09 RCL 01
10 RCL 00
11 ×
12 RCL 01
13 -
14 RCL 00
15 ÷
16 RCL 01
17 ×
18 3.5
19 ÷
20 SQRT
21 1
22 STO+ 02
23 GTO 02
24 END

00 { 33-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "BMT"
02 56.26
03 STO 00
04 0
05 STO 02
06▸LBL 04
07 RCL 00
08 SIN
09 ASIN
10 COS
11 ACOS
12 TAN
13 ATAN
14 LN
15 E^X
16 1
17 STO+ 02
18 GTO 04
19 END

00 { 64-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "P→S"
02 RECT
03 INPUT "Rp"
04 INPUT "Xp"
05 RCL "Rp"
06 RCL÷ "Xp"
07 STO "Q"
08 X^2
09 1
10 +
11 RCL "Rp"
12 X<>Y
13 ÷
14 STO "Rs"
15 RCL "Q"
16 ×
17 STO "Xs"
18 RCL "Rs"
19 RCL "Xs"
20 COMPLEX
21 STO "Zs"
22 END

00 { 51-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "S→P"
02 RECT
03 INPUT "Rs"
04 INPUT "Xs"
05 RCL÷ "Rs"
06 STO "Q"
07 X^2
08 1
09 +
10 RCL× "Rs"
11 STO "Rp"
12 RCL÷ "Q"
13 STO "Xp"
14 RCL "Rp"
15 RCL "Xp"
16 END

00 { 97-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Z→"
02 RECT
03 INPUT "Rs"
04 INPUT "Xs"
05 RCL "Rs"
06 RCL "Xs"
07 COMPLEX
08 STO "Zs"
09 50
10 -
11 RCL "Zs"
12 50
13 +
14 ÷
15 STO "Rho"
16 ABS
17 STO "P"
18 1
19 RCL+ "P"
20 1
21 RCL- "P"
22 ÷
23 STO "S"
24 RCL "P"
25 LOG
26 20
27 ×
28 STO "Rl"
29 RCL "Zs"
30 RCL "Rho"
31 RCL "S"
32 RCL "Rl"
33 POLAR
34 RTN
35 END

00 { 92-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "PIXCIR"
02 MVAR "R"
03 MVAR "X"
04 MVAR "Y"
05 VARMENU "PIXCIR"
06 STOP
07 EXITALL
08 2
09 STO "GrMod"
10 1
11 360
12 1ᴇ3
13 ÷
14 +
15 STO 01
16 CLLCD
17▸LBL 01
18 RCL "Y"
19 RCL "R"
20 RCL 01
21 IP
22 SIN
23 ×
24 -
25 RCL "X"
26 RCL "R"
27 RCL 01
28 IP
29 COS
30 ×
31 +
32 PIXEL
33 RCL 01
34 ISG 01
35 GTO 01
36 XEQ "PIXCIR"
37 END

00 { 204-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "BFil"
02 ENG 03
03 SF 00
04 INPUT "MHz"
05 1ᴇ6
06 ×
07 STO "F"
08 INPUT "N"
09 X<0?
10 CF 00
11 XEQ 06
12▸LBL 01
13 RCL "I"
14 IP
15 XEQ 00
16 FS? 00
17 1/X
18 STO IND "I"
19 ISG "I"
20 GTO 01
21 "Coefficients"
22 AVIEW
23 STOP
24 GTO 07
25▸LBL 08
26 RCL IND "I"
27 RCL "F"
28 2
29 ×
30 PI
31 ×
32 ÷
33 RTN
34▸LBL 07
35 XEQ 06
36▸LBL 03
37 RCL "I"
38 IP
39 2
40 ÷
41 FP
42 FS? 00
43 GTO 09
44 GTO 10
45▸LBL 09
46 "HPF"
47 AVIEW
48 X=0?
49 GTO 05
50 GTO 04
51 RTN
52▸LBL 10
53 "LPF"
54 AVIEW
55 X=0?
56 GTO 04
57 GTO 05
58 RTN
59▸LBL 04
60 XEQ 08
61 50
62 ×
63 STO IND "I"
64 ISG "I"
65 GTO 03
66 RTN
67▸LBL 05
68 XEQ 08
69 50
70 ÷
71 STO IND "I"
72 ISG "I"
73 GTO 03
74 RTN
75▸LBL 06
76 RCL "N"
77 ABS
78 1000
79 ÷
80 1
81 +
82 STO "I"
83 RTN
84▸LBL 00
85 2
86 ×
87 1
88 -
89 180
90 ×
91 RCL "N"
92 ABS
93 2
94 ×
95 ÷
96 SIN
97 2
98 ×
99 RTN
100 END

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 17:32:54 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:08 GMT

— John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 16:08

Back to Top of page

Further Information

calculator, dm42

HP35s Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:11:53 +0000

←Programs

HP35s Progs

============= 13/2/22 ===========================


#### HP35s Butterworth Filter designer
#
# Changed 12/2/22 to make it fit in a single prog label with no
# sub routines (ie using up additional labels). Frequency entry
# now in MHz.
# Results are copied from indirect-only registers 1->9 into Registers R -> Z 
# to make them accessible from RCL R, RCL S etc. on keyboard 
#



M001 LBL M
M002 SF 0
M003 INPUT F
M004 1E6
M005 X
M006 STO F
M007 INPUT N
M008 X<0?
M009 CF 0
M010 18.026
M011 STO A
M012 RCL A
M013 IP
M014 +/-
M015 STO J
M016 0
M017 STO(J)
M018 ISG A
M019 GTO M012
M020 ENG 3
M021 RCL N
M022 ABS
M023 1000
M024 /
M025 1
M026 +
M027 STO I
M028 STO H
M029 RCL I
M030 IP
M031 2
M032 X
M033 1
M034 -
M035 180
M036 X
M037 RCL N
M038 ABS
M039 2
M040 X
M041 /
M042 SIN
M043 2
M044 X
M045 FS? 0
M046 1/x
M047 STO(I)
M048 ISG I
M049 GTO M029
M050 RCL H
M051 STO I
M052 RCL I
M053 IP
M054 2
M055 /
M056 FP
M057 FS? 0
M058 GTO M101
M059 GTO M105
M060 RTN
M061 RCL(I)
M062 RCL F
M063 2
M064 X
M065 PI
M066 X
M067 /
M068 50
M069 X
M070 STO(I)
M071 RCL I
M072 17
M073 +
M074 +/-
M075 STO J
M076 RCL(I)
M077 STO(J)
M078 ISG I
M079 GTO M052
M080 RTN
M081 RCL(I)
M082 RCL F
M083 2
M084 X
M085 PI
M086 X
M087 /
M088 50
M089 /
M090 STO(I)
M091 RCL I
M092 17
M093 +
M094 +/-
M095 STO J
M096 RCL(I)
M097 STO(J)
M098 ISG I
M099 GTO M052
M100 RTN
M101 x=0?
M102 GTO M081
M103 GTO M061
M104 RTN
M015 x=0?
M106 GTO M061
M107 GTO M081
M108 RTN

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 17:37:39 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:11 GMT

— John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 16:10

Further Information

calculator, hp35s

Dokuwiki Mirror

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 07:17:18 +0000

←Archive

Dokuwiki Mirror

I'm running a SANDBOX installation of dokuwiki on the small headless server in have in the shack.

This is to allow me to mess around with templates and layouts and things without impacting the real wiki.

To give it some data - a full mirror of the existing real wiki - I've used rsync

cd /var/www/html/
sudo rsync -av --delete gm4slv@gm4slv.org.uk:/var/www/html/dokuwiki/ ./dokuwiki/

This copies the production wiki into the web server root on the little sandbox machine.

UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 27/04/23 05:53

Added –delete to the command, to remove pages in the Mirror copy that have been deleted from the VPS (production) server, to keep them properly in step.

I can then play around to my heart's content.

The same mechanism would work to retrieve/install the whole wiki from a backup

I've put it in a shell script:

#!/bin/bash
 
WEBDIR=/var/www/html/dokuwiki/
 
SERVERDIR=/var/www/html/dokuwiki/
 
SERVER=gm4slv.org.uk
 
 
sudo  rsync -e "ssh -l gm4slv -i /home/gm4slv/.ssh/id_rsa"  -av $SERVER:$SERVERDIR $WEBDIR

This means I can automate the mirroring with crontab of I wanted to, but it would mean the sandbox will lose any local modifications I've done. Perhaps it's best to keep the option to revert to production version as something I do from time to time, rather then automatically.

(UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 30/05/22 19:37 )

Encrypted Password Plugin…. see Sandbox Server

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 30/05/22 13:37

Page last updated: 04/06/26 08:17 BST

dokuwiki, linux

Code & Command Snippets

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 20:03:26 +0000

←Archive

Code & Command Snippets

Windows WiFi Disconnect

Windows will disconnect a WIFI connection when it discovers there's no WAN internet - presumably Windows thinks ALL networks are connected to the Internet and this prevents using WIFI for an isolated LAN, and also throws you off the WLAN whenever the ADSL connection fails, even when you're busy using only internal LAN sessions.

THIS IS WRONG BEHAVIOUR.

I found a solution, and typically it's a REGEDIT task:

From : https://superuser.com/questions/1650052/how-to-keep-windows-10-connected-to-wifi-without-internet

Add a Registry DWORD “NoActiveProbe” value “1” at Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\NetworkConnectivityStatusIndicator

Job Done. You stay on your LAN even when the interwebs is down.

Chrome redirects

To remove a “permanent redirect” - e.g. from an http to an https URL - I found the answer here:

https://www.neilwithdata.com/chrome-redirect-forget

Open the Chrome Developer Tools (F12)
Go to the Network tab and make sure Disable cache is ticked
Reload (or navigate to) the page you no longer want to be redirected while keeping the dev tools open.

— John Pumford-Green 27/04/23 06:12

Vim Pasting

I recently had problems pasting text into Vim by the traditional RIGHT click method. Vim would enter Insert(VISUAL) mode instead.

One solution when using Putty is to use its own mechanism :

SHIFT+INS

I prefer to use RIGHT click, as it's more natural so I found the solution is to add

set mouse-=a

to ~/.vimrc

This solves the problem, and I don't need to use nano when editing text files on my remote server via SSH using Putty.

Raspberry Pi Stuff

find Raspberry Pi Model : cat /sys/firmware/devicetree/base/model
mount a raspberry pi image

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo losetup -Pf igate.img
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ lsblk
NAME      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0       7:0    0   4.3G  0 loop
├─loop0p1 259:0    0   256M  0 part
└─loop0p2 259:1    0     4G  0 part
sda         8:0    0 298.1G  0 disk
├─sda1      8:1    0 235.1G  0 part /
├─sda2      8:2    0     1K  0 part
├─sda3      8:3    0  50.9G  0 part
└─sda5      8:5    0  12.1G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo mount /dev/loop0p2 /mnt

remove mounted image

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo umount /mnt
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo losetup -D

Git

Basic Workflow

do all changes to code
git add . to add changed files to staging
git commit -m “commit message” to do the commit
git push to push new commits to github

Windows Host File

Start → Windows Accessories → Notepad → <right click> … more…Run as Administrator
edit C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts (set All files rather than txt to be able to see the hosts file in the file chooser)
Save

Auto SSH Tunnels

Used on remote installations to create persistent SSH reverse tunnels.

An example

svxlink hotspot

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 14:00:21 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 21:03 BST

linux, pi

Java JRE and Echolink Proxy

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

Java JRE and Echolink Proxy

Setting up Echolink Proxy on VPS

sudo apt-get install default-jre-headless
 
wget http://echolink.org/downloads/EchoLinkProxy_1_2_3.zip
 
sudo apt-get install unzip
 
unzip EchoLinkProxy_1_2_3.zip
 
chmod 755 EcholinkProxy.jar
 
vi ELProxy.conf

and set new password

VPS Firewall

on fasthost control panel open

TCP/8100

UDP/5198

UDP/5199

Start Proxy

java -jar EcholinkProxy.jar

gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ java -jar EchoLinkProxy.jar
EchoLink Proxy version 1.2.3
Listening for connections on port 8100
Ready for new client connection.
Client connected: 80.229.223.86
Client authenticated (call=GM4SLV).

This runs and works okay.

Start in tmux

start_proxy.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
session="proxy"
 
tmux start-server
 
tmux new-session -d -s $session
 
tmux rename-window "echolink"
 
tmux selectp -t 0
tmux send-keys "java -jar /home/gm4slv/EchoLinkProxy.jar" C-m

add crontab to start @reboot

@reboot sleep 30 && sudo -u gm4slv /home/gm4slv/start_proxy.sh > /dev/null 2>&1

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 04/06/22 07:26

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

svxlink, echolink, linux, radio

MediaWiki VPS Install

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

MediaWiki VPS Install

— John Pumford-Green 27/04/23 06:21

I have recenlty rebuilt the VPS install during a hardware upgrade, and the Mediawiki install is no longer in place.

The following guide would allow it to be re-installed should I decide to.

To compare mediawiki with dokuwiki I installed mediawiki on my little shack server.

I followed the instructions here

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Running_MediaWiki_on_Debian_or_Ubuntu

and did a few tweaks etc. to get things running.

I forgot to document the tweaks!

So I thought there would be no harm in installing it on my VPS to run alongside the main dokuwiki site, with a view to deciding whether to switch to mediawiki later.

Here are my steps to install mediawiki on the VPS machine, which already has a fully configured and working webserver & PHP. The main addition will be setting up a SQL server (probably MariaDB).

Installing pre-requisites

sudo apt-get install apache2 mariadb-server php php-mysql libapache2-mod-php php-xml php-mbstring

wget https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.38/mediawiki-1.38.1.tar.gz

tar zxvf mediawiki-1.38.1.tar.gz

sudo mkdir /var/www/html/mediawiki

sudo mv mediawiki-1.38.1/* /var/www/html/mediawiki

That has installed a SQL server and the mediawiki files into the webserver root. Next is to configure the SQL database to hold the wiki.

SQL Configuration

gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ sudo service mysql START
gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome TO the MariaDB monitor.  Commands END WITH ; OR \g.
Your MariaDB connection id IS 36
Server version: 10.3.34-MariaDB-0+deb10u1 Debian 10
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab AND others.
 
TYPE 'help;' OR '\h' FOR help. TYPE '\c' TO clear the CURRENT INPUT statement.
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> CREATE USER 'new_mysql_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mwPass';
Query OK, 0 ROWS affected (0.018 sec)
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> quit;
Bye

Create the database and grant the user access

gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome TO the MariaDB monitor.  Commands END WITH ; OR \g.
Your MariaDB connection id IS 37
Server version: 10.3.34-MariaDB-0+deb10u1 Debian 10
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab AND others.
 
TYPE 'help;' OR '\h' FOR help. TYPE '\c' TO clear the CURRENT INPUT statement.
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> CREATE DATABASE my_wiki;
Query OK, 1 ROW affected (0.003 sec)
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> USE my_wiki;
DATABASE changed
MariaDB [my_wiki]> GRANT ALL ON my_wiki.* TO 'new_mysql_user'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 ROWS affected (0.001 sec)
 
MariaDB [my_wiki]> quit;
Bye

Browse to https://gm4slv.org.uk/mediawiki and got an error message that there was a PHP component missing intl

sudo apt-get install php-intl

sudo service apache2 restart

Browse to mediawiki again and all seems well. The message now is that LocalSettings.php is missing, which is created at the next step, following the on screen link.

Configure the SQL access:

Database Username : new_mysql_user
Database Password : mwPass

Complete the questions, select the required extensions etc. and download the LocalSettings.php file. Then upload the file to the VPS and put it in /var/www/html/mediawiki

Tweaks

File uploads

Make sure images directory has ugo+rwx permissions

Logo

Somehow upload a logo.png into images and edit LocalSetting.php to point at the log:

$wgLogos = [
        '1x' => "$wgResourceBasePath/images/logo.png",
 
 
        'icon' => "$wgResourceBasePath/images/logo.png",
];

Image thumbnails & pdf

to be continued

sudo apt install ghostscript imagemagick xpdf-utils

add to LocalSettings.php:

$wgPdfProcessor = '/usr/bin/gs';
$wgPdfPostProcessor = $wgImageMagickConvertCommand; // if defined via ImageMagick
// $wgPdfPostProcessor = '/usr/bin/convert';  // if not defined via ImageMagick
$wgPdfInfo = '/usr/bin/pdfinfo';
$wgPdftoText = '/usr/bin/pdftotext';
 
 
$wgFileExtensions[] = 'pdf';

Now upload a pdf file and it should appear in the file brower.

Try putting it in a page with the <gallery> funtion

<gallery>
File:Blog.pdf|page=1
</gallery>

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 29/06/22 15:15

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

mediawiki

Pinouts

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Apr 2024 20:33:46 +0000

←Archive

Pinouts

Ethernet RJ45 B

The normal straight cable is a 568B

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
O/W	O	G/W	B	B/W	G	Bn/W	Bn

Ethernet X-over A-B

for use without a switch/hub and where the device cannot do automatic cross-over itself.

Raspberry Pi GPIO

PyBoard

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 10:39:13 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/04/24 21:33 BST

network

Sandbox Server

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

Sandbox Server

UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 04/03/25 08:02 GMT

The hardware running this little machine has recently become unreliable, the SSD is dying, so I've turned it off. I'll leave any old information about this box for future reference

UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 27/04/23 06:16

I have removed the self-signed SSL configuration on the shack sandbox server and reverted it to plain HTTP. I may re-instate it at some point in the future, but I decided I didn't want the hassle of persuading Chrome to accept the self-signed unsafe certificate all the time.

The details below show how it was originally set up, and can be used in future should I decide to repeat the process.

Encryption

The shack webserver has a mirror of my real dokuwiki, to use as a test-bed and after setting it up I discovered that the encryption plugin I was using on the real wiki Encrypted Passwords Plugin didn't work.

After some head scratching, and after trying out another plugin (dokucrypt2 plugin), I figured out the difference between the 2 web servers….

The real server is configured to do proper HTTPS, with a real, signed SSL certificate. The shack server only does plain old HTTP, no encryption.

To test out my theory that this is what was breaking Encrypted Password Plugin I setup self-signed SSL on the shack webserver. It's just for local testing so there's no need for traceable certification, just the ability to handle HTTPS traffic.

It turned out to be quite simple….

I found the information here : https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-self-signed-ssl-certificate-for-apache-in-ubuntu-16-04

gm4slv@shack:~/ssl_setup$ sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key -out /etc/ssl/certs/apache-selfsigned.crt
Generating a RSA private key
.......................+++++
...........+++++
writing new private key to '/etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:GB
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Shetland
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Clousta
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:GM4SLV
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:GM4SLV
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:shack
Email Address []:

The certificates are put in the directories already pointed to in the default SSL site config file so all I had to do was tell apache to enable ssl

sudo a2enmod ssl

and enable the default SSL site

gm4slv@shack:/etc/apache2/sites-enabled$ sudo a2ensite default-ssl.conf
Enabling site default-ssl.
To activate the new configuration, you need to run:
  systemctl reload apache2
gm4slv@shack:/etc/apache2/sites-enabled$ sudo service apache2 restart

SSL enabled

Browse to https://shack/dokuwiki and I got the usual dire Chrome warning

…. but chose to continue anyway…

and it works!

Encrypted Password Plugin

Then I tested the Encrypted Passwords Plugin and it also works

UPDATE— John Pumford-Green 31/05/22 21:13

The plugin page does say that HTTPS is needed:

Please note that the modern encryption mechanisms used within this Plugin require a modern Browser, JavaScript enabled and a wiki served via HTTPS!

Result!

I can now use the sandbox wiki to test everything that's running on the real wiki server.

Redirect to https

(UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 31/05/22 10:08)

edit

/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

to add

ServerName gm4slv.plus.com
Redirect permanent / https://gm4slv.plus.com/

Open & forward router's port TCP/443 to the shack webserver

sudo service apache2 restart

Hey presto - external access to HTTPS

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 30/05/22 19:05

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

ssl, apache, dokuwiki

Diversion into the Linux Serial Console...

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 07:16:30 +0000

Diversion into the Linux Serial Console...

— John Pumford-Green 01/10/22 22:26

In preparation to my plan of adding a pair of RS232 serial ports to the next iteration of the 6502 computer I dug out an old Wyse serial terminal to use. I thought I'd check it still worked after many idle years gathering dust. It was last used when I first started playing with Linux on an old 486/DX2 machine (Red Hat 6 I think) and used it to access the headless 486 machine through a serial console.

To re-live the experience I hooked it up to my little “pico-ITX” Linux server, which has a real serial port with a 9-pin D connector (!) and set about configuring Debian 11 with systemd (urgh!) to provide a console and login on /dev/ttyS0.

Linux Serial Console

Then I remembered using Pine as an email client via a terminal session (and in xterm windows, and a non-X linux virtual terminal) so I thought I'd install it and re-live those days. Pine is no longer (easily) available but a new version is still being maintained - Alpine

Installed it and spent a happy evening getting it to work with 2 different IMAP accounts (and the correct SMTP servers) Old stuff but good

And then, telnet and telnetd….. and ftp and ftpd….. oh, those were the days..!

I wanted to install and run slrn for USENET NNTP news, like the old days, but I discovered there was no point even trying, as there seems to be no freely available NNTP servers around any more. Back in the day most ISPs seemed to provide a server even if it was limited in the newsgroups it carried. That doesn't seem to be the case any more.

On the subject of Wyse terminals and Linux I stumbled on a You Tube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQTr9ZOJkC0&feature=share&si=ELPmzJkDCLju2KnD5oyZMQ and this led to another interesting video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUmTaRu6o8g&feature=share&si=ELPmzJkDCLju2KnD5oyZMQ describing a console-mode RSS reader Newsboat so I had to try it….

I've enabled the RSS feed from this dokuwiki WiKi/Blog, just to play…. point your RSS software at https://www.gm4slv.org.uk/dokuwiki/feed.php

Well, now I've got Alpine, Lynx and Newsboat running in a Tmux session, accessed from a nice amber glowing CRT with the Wyse-185.

Now I need to build Mk2 of the 6502 - which is going to be wire-wrapped and much more compact than the rat's nest of Mk1

computer, linux

Tmux tips and tricks

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Apr 2024 20:37:08 +0000

←Archive

Tmux tips and tricks

prefix key

From https://gist.github.com/JikkuJose/7509315

Change “prefix” key to the backtick ` add to ~/.tmux.conf

unbind C-b
set-option -g prefix `
bind ` send-prefix

the last line means typing two backticks in succession will pass the second one to the application - so can still enter ` into app. running in the tmux window.

terminal colours

Colours in tmux… need TERM “xterm-256color”…

add to ~/.bashrc:

export TERM=xterm-256color

also to ~/.tmux.conf

set -g default-terminal "xterm-256color"

start programs in tmux

Something like this:

start_direwolf.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
session="Igate"
 
tmux start-server
 
tmux new-session -d -s $session
 
tmux rename-window "direwolf"
 
tmux selectp -t 0
tmux send-keys "direwolf -t 1 -T "%c" -c /home/gm4slv/direwolf.conf" C-m

linux, tmux

Monobook template wikis

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 28 Jan 2026 18:23:06 +0000

←Dokuwiki

Monobook template wikis

A list of wikis I've found that use the monobook (occasionally vector)template

I'm a fan of the vintage style of monobook and vector wikis
here are some I've found, listed here for easy reference
they often include interesting techniques & plugins etc. or are a just glimpse into the past

https://tjgrant.com/wiki/projects:monobook_for_dokuwiki

http://www.can-wiki.info/doku.php?id=start

https://support.rbg.informatik.tu-darmstadt.de/wiki//en/start

https://www.dam.brown.edu/dpd/doku.php/start

https://badgrads.berkeley.edu/

https://wiki.alienbase.nl/ Vector

https://docs.slackware.com/ Vector

http://www.trirand.com/jqgridwiki/doku.php?id=start

http://wiki.synchro.net/wiki:index

https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~jhoe/doku/

http://dispim.org/start

https://murmann-group.stanford.edu/doku.php?id=main_page

https://math.chapman.edu/~jipsen/structures/doku.php?id=start

http://bkchem.zirael.org/wiki/start

http://wordspace.collocations.de/doku.php/start

https://www.astron.nl/wsrt/wiki/doku.php?id=start

https://www.pmstieber.com/mstieber/doku.php?id=start

https://www.dpeddi.com/about

https://punbb.informer.com/wiki/start

https://wikihost.nscl.msu.edu/gretina/doku.php/start

http://computer-chess.org/doku.php

Dead Links (or no longer Monobook/Vector)

~~https://wiki.sahanafoundation.org/start~~

~~http://www.dpi.inpe.br/terralib5-design/doku.php?id=wiki:designimplementation~~

~~http://topas.dur.ac.uk/topaswiki/doku.php?id=topas~~

~~http://wiki.greenstone.org/doku.php?id=index~~

~~https://wiki.urspringer.de/~~

~~https://services.byu.edu/sw/~~

~~http://troop-394.org/wiki/doku.php/start?do=recent~~

~~http://www.cptcif.com/pfe/wiki/doku.php~~

~~http://www.ub.edu/persp/metaphysics/doku.php?id=start~~

~~http://pacs.ece.ohio-state.edu/doku.php~~

~~http://www.chemical-engineering.at/doku.php~~

Last Modified : 28/01/26 18:23 GMT

monobook, dokuwiki

John's Bike Notes

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Bikes

John's Bike Notes

Additions / Extras

Brooks B17 Saddle (Brown) 16/6/22
~~Carradice Zipped Roll Saddlebag (Red) 17/6/22~~ → moved to Kate's bike 21/5/25
Pedals : Nukeproof Evo Flat Pedals (Yellow) 23/6/22
Bottle Cage : Zefal (Red) 23/6/22
Carradice Barley Saddlebag (Green) 21/5/25

Distance Record

Date	Mileage	Kilometers	Comments
16/06/22	0	0	New
24/04/25	36	58	Start of getting fit for 2025
10/05/25	63	101
16/05/25		120

Maintenance / Repairs

Date	What	Actions
13/05/25	Rear Derailleur	Stops and cable tension adjusted to correct overshifting & inability to get into small (9th) cog
13/05/25	Rear Brakes	Caliper re-centred to equalize piston/pad travel

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 14/06/22 18:27

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

trek, bike

Kate's Bike Notes

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Bikes

Kate's Bike Notes

Additions / Extras

Terry Gel Saddle : 16/6/22 (from old Thorn Club Tour)
~~Bottle Cage : Zefal (Red) 23/6/22~~
Pedals : Nukeprook Junior Platform (Purple)
Restrap Frame bag (Small)
Bar End Mirror
Carradice Zipped Roll Saddlebag (Red) 21/5/22

Mileage Record

Maintenance / Repairs

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 14/06/22 18:28

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

bike, trek

Bikes

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Miscellany

Bikes

Summer 2022

We finally admitted defeat with the plan to rebuild/refurbish our old Thorn Club Tours :

It was a romantic idea to restore them to their former glory, but realistically it would have been unjustifiably expensive and time consuming… we just wanted to ride bikes again after several years away from them.

So we decided to invest in 2 new modern hybrid bikes instead.

Two new Trek FX 2 Disc (Equipped) will replace the old Club Tours.

New Bike Notes

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 13/06/22 09:35

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

bike

Trek FX2 Purchase 2022

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:24:34 +0000

←Bikes

Trek FX2 Purchase 2022

Purchase Details

Model

Trek FX 2 Disc “Equipped” (2022 model) in Viper Red
Size (me) = XL
Size (Kate) = S

••••••••••

Date of purchase

8 June 2022

Dealer

Balfe's Bikes https://www.balfesbikes.co.uk/

Price

£725 each

Arrived

Delivered to Shetland Transport (Glasgow) 13/6/22
Arrived Shetland Transport (Lerwick) : 16/6/22
- £61.61 delivery charge

Equipped Extras

Mudguards
Front Light : Axa Greenline 35 USB
Rear Light : Spanninga Solo
Rear Pannier Rack
Kickstand
Bell

Components

Gears
- Front : Acera T3000
- Rear : Altus M2000
- Shifters : Altus M2010
Brakes
- Tektro Hydraulic Disc
  - HD-R280
  - 160mm rotors
  - Pads : E10.11 or P20.11
Cassette
- HG200 - 9 speed 11-36
  - 11, 13, 15, 17, 20, 23, 26, 30, 36
Bottom Bracket
- Sealed cartridge, 68mm
Chainrings
- 46 / 30
Wheels
- Bontrager Connection 622×20
Tyres
- Bontrager H2 Comp : 700 x 32
Headset
- 1-1/8'' threadless, sealed cartridge bearings

Gear Inches

	9	8	7	6	5	4	3	2	1
Teeth	11	13	15	17	20	23	26	30	36
46	113	96	83	73	62	54	48	41	35
30	74	62	54	48	41	35	31	27	22

Gear Ratios

	9	8	7	6	5	4	3	2	1
Teeth	11	13	15	17	20	23	26	30	36
46	4.2	3.5	3.1	2.7	2.3	2.0	1.8	1.5	1.3
30	2.7	2.3	2.0	1.8	1.5	1.3	1.2	1.0	0.8

1.8:1 - 2.7:1 (48“ - 73”) are common single-speed general-use ratios
- https://surlybikes.com/pages/single-speed-gearing-101

My Bike notes

Kate's Bike notes

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 14/06/22 11:48

Page last updated: 29/01/26 17:24 GMT

bike, trek

Land Rover Data

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:22:28 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Data

Created Monday 29 May 2017

J275 MDO

1991 200TDi

VIN : HA703374

Legal Due Dates

MOT Due : 20/12/19
Tax Due : 30/6/20 (renews automatically, monthly direct debit)
Insurance Due : 30/7/20

Part Numbers

Sump Drain Washer : ETC7398
Gearbox Drain Washer : FTC4112
Gearbox Extension Drain Washer : FRC4810
Transfer Box Drain Washer : FRC4808
Switch Panel : MTC2640
Vent Flap Lever : 346576
Rear Door Check Link : LR016708
Towing Drop Plate : NRC8208
Transfer Box Front Flange Kit : STC3432
Front Diff Flange Kit : STC4858
Lifting Handle : NTC5116
Rear Wheel Bearing Kit : DA2380G
Lock Stud Plate : ASR2667
Lock Nut Plate : ASR2668
Lock Seal Gasket : MXC9445
Door seals - LH & RH as kit : LRC1369
Door Seal - bottom : MWC6130

See Land Rover Refurb May 2017 and Land Rover Refurb 2019 for running logs

Page Info

Page created Sun May 22 14:48:20 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 29/01/26 17:22 GMT

tags

landie

Land Rover Refurb May 2017

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:23:43 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Refurb May 2017

Faults:

Exhaust
- Middle section
- End section
Front propshaft rear-most UJ
Handbrake tension
Rear o/s mud flap
Door Hinge : passenger lower pin sheared
Engine service : Oil & filter change
Lubrication of locks etc.
Wipers : both front wipers u/s. Motor running constantly.
Passenger door lock and window regulator
Sunroof seal
Chassis etc. waxoyl / rust treatment
Front bumper rust/ paint

Parts Ordered:

18/5/17 : ~~Paddock : Exhast Middle & End sections and Filter Service Kit~~
18/5/17 : ~~Shop4AutoParts : 2 x Heavy Duty Hardy Spicer UJs~~
19/5/17 : ~~LRDirect : 2 x Wiper Wheel Box, Wiper cable rack, Door hinge captive nuts, Door hinge bolts Parts~~

Parts Arrived

HD Propshaft UJs : 23/5/17
Filter Service Kit : 25/5/17
Wiper parts & Hinge nuts/bolts : 26/5/17
- wrong drive cable, wrong bolts
- wiper wheel boxes ok!
Exhaust : 26/5/17

Initial Work Plan

~~Oil and filter change~~
~~Handbrake tension adjust~~
~~Lubricate locks etc.~~
~~Fit Exhaust - done 27/5/17~~
~~Remove front propshaft~~
~~remove UJs from previous front propshaft~~
~~Install new Hardy Spicer UJs into front propshaft.~~
~~Refit front propshaft~~
Remove failed UJs from remaining front and rear propshafts and leave good ones in place. These propshafts to be cleaned and stored for future refurb as emergency spares
~~Remove dash/facia and remove old wiper wheelboxes / drive rack cable.~~
~~Fit new wiper wheelboxes and drive rack cable.~~
~~Replace dash facia~~
~~Replace rear o/s mudflap or remove all mudflaps - front are already missing~~

Tools and other items needed

Circlip pliers
Large G-cramp
Hammer
Engine Oil
Coolant
Waxoyl spray for bulkhead
silicone sealant
Goggles
Penetrating Fluid & WD40 & 3-in-1
Rust Treatment
Primer / Paint for bulkhead @ Hinges
Drills : 3/6/9mm
Black (hammerite?) paint for bumper and rear x-member
Nylon nut/bolts for front number plate
double sided foam tape for rear number plate
Jizer / Gunk for engine bay degreasing
Oil can for lubricating locks, hinges etc etc

Work complete 28/5/17

Exhaust (middle & rear) removed
New middle & rear fitted. Front (downpipe) is still in good condition
Front propshaft removed.
Previously removed (spare) front propshaft stripped of old UJs and new HD UJs fitted.
Front propshaft replaced
Oil, oil filter, air filter, fuel filter changed (169,000 miles)
Passenger door lock un-seized (door card removed) and opened
Wiper motor, drive rack and wheel boxes removed.
unsure if wiper motor crank is okay - replace just in case
New wiper wheel boxes fitted.
Handbrake adjusted
Passenger door window regulator faulty. New one needed.
steering u/js oiled & greased
door mechanisms oiled & greased

New drive rack DLE000010 is too short. Wrong type.

Parts ordered 29/5/17

Paddock

Wiper motor crank gear
Wiper drive cable RTC202
Front washer jet
Stainless steel bolt kit for front door hinges
Window regulator LH
Headlamps (wipac halogen)

Parts ordered 1/6/17

LRDirect

driver door checklink : genuine L/R
driver door channel : genuine L/R

Parts arrived

Door bolt kit 5/6/17
Window Regulator 5/6/17
Washer jet 5/6/17
Wiper crank arm 5/6/17
Wiper drive cable 5/6/17
Headlamps 5/6/17
driver door checklink : genuine L/R 12/6/17
driver door channel : genuine L/R 12/6/17

Work completed 4/6/17

Door hinges removed from bulkhead and j-nuts retreived.
Waxoyl sprayed into door pillars
Check-link channels removed to give extra access to pillars for waxoyl. Drivers channel will be replaced with new.
Bumper : red-oxide and hammerite black spray paint
Mud flap brackets (x4) removed
Rear door spare wheel carrier removed. Plates put back, holes need covering.
Rear propshaft removed, greased and replaced
Coolant topped up

Work completed 6/6/17

Wiper drive cable installed
Wiper motor crank insalled
Wipers tested
Washer jet installed
Dash replaced
Drivers door hinges replaced & door hung
Passenger window regulator replaced
Passenger door hinges replaced & door hung
Body washed
Underside washed
Headlamps replaced

Parts ordered 8/6/17

SP 4×4

Premium rear door
Plain glass (fitted)
front door sill seals x 2

Parts ordered 24/6/17

Paddock

Rear door lock sealing gasket
Rear door lock circular seal
Service filter kit
Fan Belt (genuine LR)
2 x Window Waist strips
Exhaust Strap ESR266

Work still to complete

Pressure wash
Waxoyl underneath
fit new crank arm to wiper motor
fit new wiper drive cable
refit wiper motor and test wiper operation
fit new washer jet to front
replace dash/trim etc.
remove doors from hinges
fit new window regulator to passenger door while on floor (easier?)
remove door hinges from body and replace with new hinges & s/s bolts (copper grease bolts!)
- drill out heads if too tight/rusted. Can then remove captive nuts easily.
spray waxoyl into bulkhead openings while hinges are off
waxoyl door interiors (inc. rear)
remove rear door lining and spare wheel carrier
top up coolant
fit new headlamps and attempt to align
lubricate rear propshaft UJs
fit new channel/checklink to driver's door
wire brush bumper & paint black
remove carpet in rear / bulkhead
remove mudflap brackets
fit new number plate for rear - take V5 to JBs
refit front number plate to bumper
degrease engine bay
pressure wash engine bay
Fit new rear door
Fit front door sill seals (with pop rivets)
Fit window waist strips
Fit ESR266 bracket
Fit Rear Door lock seals
Fan belt slipping
Seal sunroof

Future work (Updated Oct 2019)

Driver's footwell corrosion! new footwell Dec 2018

Exhaust downpipe bracket : ESR266. Broken bracket removed 18/6/17 to stop annoying rattles.
Fit new LED lamps in dashboard Sept/Oct 2019

Check handbrake for shoes binding - judder
New rear door? Lock mouting plate very badly corroded, and spare wheel mount holes need covering. - ordered 8/6/17

source heated rear window switch (YUF101500) and fit
Drivers window seals - waist strip ordered 24/6/17

Fit new towbar Not doing
Headlight alignment Sept/Oct 2019
Driver door - rattle/vibration and refit card : fixings == MXC1800 and MWC3136 or DA1411 (old card @ LRT?) : leave without cards on both doors for ease of lubrication
Source new L/H front brake caliper RTC5573G (genuine AP @ Paddock £139) & replace both brake calipers O/S - Aug 2017 N/S - Dec 2018
Replace antenna mount for HF antenna 22/5/17
fit IC-M710
Fit CG3000 ATU and move antenna mount to side for whip
Spare wheel carrier? Not Doing
Remove transfers on doors/body prior to Sept/Oct 2019
Paint body with NATO Green military synthetic satin finish paint
Fit FM1100 for 4m & antenna Not Doing

RUNNING LOG OF REFURB COMPLETED AUG 2017 Outstanding Items transferred to new Land Rover Repairs And Mods

Page created Sun May 22 14:47:03 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 29/01/26 17:23 GMT

tags

landie

Land Rover Refurb 2019

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:23:12 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Refurb 2019

September/October 2019

Refurb Complete 29/10/19

pressure wash and waxoyl
wet service
LED bulbs in dash
remove headlining
insulate roof
remount tow ball
new front discs
new number plate light
disconnected alarm
new door light switches
new hazard light swith
LED interior lights
new front diff drive flange/seal
new transfer box front drive flange/seal
new rear o/s hub bearings
new rear drums and shoes
new wheels
new BFG T/A All Terrain tyres
fitted Jate rings to rear
new front Series-type two piece doors
patched 2 holes in front exhaust pipe
patched pin-hole in sump-pan
filled holes in bulkhead
lubricated rear step
repair poor earth for reversing light
paint NATO Green

For further work see Land Rover Repairs And Mods and Land Rover Data

Page created Sun May 22 14:45:22 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 29/01/26 17:23 GMT

landie

Land Rover Repairs And Mods

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Repairs And Mods

Faults

21/10/19 Rattling (from dash area??)
21/10/19 Leak from top of doors / roof
21/10/19 Nearside Vent Flap Lever u/s (part number 346576 : £29.59 (Exc VAT) at LRParts )
02/11/19 Fog lamp not working.
27/11/19 Full-beam warning light on dash intermittent
03/12/19 MOT FAILURE : chassis holes & leak in front brake pipe

Additional work / mods

paint NATO Green
Replace front door seals - side/top & bottom
Fit second lifting handle (o/s/r)

Parts ordered 29/10/19

Door seals - LH & RH LRC1369 / Bottom x2 MWC6130.AM : LRParts £34.94 : Arrived 1/11/19

Work Completed

26/10/19 : painted with 2 coats grey primer
27/10/19 : painted with 2 coats NATO green
28/10/19 : painted with 3rd and final coat NATO green ~180800 miles
29/10/19 : V5 posted to DVLA to inform of colour change.
30/10/19 : repaired broken N/S vent flap lever.
30/10/19 : swapped 8mm bolt for proper “clevis pin” (found inside dash) → driver's door checklink.
31/10/19 : corrected phase and orientation of front prop shaft. Sliding joint → transfer box and flanges 45° apart
02/11/19 : fitted door seals and adjusted driver's door hanging
03/11/19 : fitted 2nd lifting handle
14/11/19 : adjusted rear o/s hub bearing after settling in period (slight play)

Page created Sun May 22 14:46:11 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

landie

Mastodon & Twitter

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

Mastodon & Twitter

— John Pumford-Green 20/12/22 07:39

I recently tried Mastodon - the distributed, not-powered-by-advertising, not-run-by-megalomaniac-billionaires social media platform.

This was after years of “not-using-Twitter”. I didn't use Twitter for a variety of reasons. One was “what's the point of it?” and another was “I don't like AI and Algorithms deciding what I should see” and another was “I ABSOLUTELY HATE ADVERTISING”.

I'd looked at Mastodon a few times over the last year or so, but thought “what's the point of it?” and “everyone else is on Twitter anyway”.

Then Elon Musk took over Twitter and there seemed to be a mass exodus of people, and Mastodon was where they were going.

So I set up a Mastodon account and started to explore.

Initially it seemed to make sense - I had an account on an “instance” centred around the radio hobby, and most of the postings were interesting (or at least “on topic”) and it looked like it was possible to get involved, make “friends” and share experiences, and even post/read/enjoy the odd off-topic item.

I couldn't shake off the annoyance I felt that many of the posts were references to things still going on “over in the other place”, “on the Bird Site” etc. Lots of Twitter-in-jokes and references, that made no sense to people who had no interest or previous connection with Twitter, and were probably also annoying to people who had “escaped” Twitter and were enjoying the new atmosphere of Mastodon.

Carrying over old Twitter baggage started to dominate (as I saw things) as more and more “refugees” made the jump.

Endless “have I done the right thing?” or “I'm here now, what do I do?”, or “This doesn't work like Twitter, I don't like X, Y or Z”.

… then the floods of “memes” referencing ongoing Twitter happenings…

In my mind if you leave Twitter and join Mastodon you don't need to keep dragging over Twitter-related posts, jokes, comments, memes.

I started trying to filter out content I didn't want to wade through, stuff that made no sense to me (as a non-Twitter user), then I started un-following people that persisted in filling up the timeline(s) with such stuff.

Then I thought “What's the point of this?”

I'd managed perfectly well without Twitter all these years.

I was now spending more time trying to “clean up” my Mastodon timeline & home feed than I was happy with.

So I decide “No. It's not for me”

and Deleted my Mastodon.radio account (as well as the account I'd set up but not yet used on Mastodonapp.uk)

Enough was enough.

I'm just not a “social media microblogging” kind of person, I suppose.

mastodon,, twitter

COSC

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

COSC

History

COSC

Test definitions

15 day test regime

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Test	ID	Description	Limit
Mean Daily Rate M(1→10)	M	average of M1 → M10	-4/+6
Mean Variation	V	average of V1 → V5	2
Greatest Variation	V_max	Largest of V1 → V5	5
Difference V → H	D	Average(M1→M2) - Average(M9→M10)	-6 / +8
Largest Variation from mean	P	Largest Value difference between any individual M and average of M(1→10)	10
Thermal Variation	C	(M13 - M11) / (38 - 8)	±0.6
Rate Resumption	R	M15 - Ave(M1→M2)	±5

pseudo Tests with Timegrapher

Ignoring Temperature Variations.

Make 2 measurements on Timegrapher in each position, separated by 24 hours and record them in table:

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15

Some results

Archimede Deck watch (a 10 day test, not a timegrapher pseudo-test)

Day	Pos		Daily rate		Variance
1	6H	M1	+0.3
2		M2	+1.3	V1	1.0
3	3H	M3	-0.7
4		M4	-1.7	V2	1.0
5	9H	M5	+8.2
6		M6	+6.1	V3	2.1
7	Dd	M7	+11.0
8		M8	+10.9	V4	0.1
9	Du	M9	+9.9
10		M10	+9.5	V5	0.4
14	6H	M14	+2.5
15	6H	M15	+2.7

Test	Desc	Result	Pass/Fail	Limit
M	Mean Daily Rate	+5.5	Pass	-4 / +6
V	Mean Variation	0.9	Pass	2
V_max	Greatest Variation	2.1	Pass	5
D	Difference Vert → Horiz	-8.9	Fail	-6 / +8
P	Largest Difference from Mean	7.2	Pass	10
R	Rate resumption	1.9	Pass	-5 / +5

Page created Sun May 22 00:23:48 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, cosc

Rolex Info

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

Rolex Info

History

Interesting Current Models

Milgauss

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Dec 2017	116400GV		£6050
Oct 2018	116400GV		£6300
May 2019			£6300
Jan 2020			£6650
Sep 2021	116400GV		£6650
May 2022	116400GV	3131	£7350
Oct 2023	Has been discontinued

Explorer I

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Oct 2018	214270 39mm		£5000
May 2019			£5000
Jan 2020			£5200
Sep 2021	124270 36mm		£5150
May 2022	124270 36mm	3230	£5700
Oct 2023	124270 36mm	3230	£6100
Feb 2025	124270 36mm	3230	£6400

GMT Master II

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Oct 2018	126710BLRO		£7150
Jan 2020			£7750
Sep 2021	126710BLNR		£7750
May 2022	126710BLNR	3285	£8400
Oct 2023	126710BLNR	3285	£9150
Feb 2025	126710BLNR	3285	£9450

Submariner

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Oct 2018	116610LN		£6650
May 2019			£6650
Jan 2020			£7150
Nov 2020	126610LV		£7650
Sep 2021			£7300
May 2022	126610LN	3235	£8050
Oct 2023	126610LN	3235	£8650
Feb 2025	126610LN	3235	£9100

Air King

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
May 2022	126900	3230	£5900
Oct 2023	126900	3230	£6250
Feb 2025	126900	3230	£6600

Vintage Model Prices

Rolex Website

https://www.rolex.com/watches.html

Page created Sun May 22 00:24:48 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, rolex

Watchwinder

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

Watchwinder

Home Brew Winder

I built a simple watch-winder to keep automatic watches fully wound when not being worn. Mainly as a small project to play with a pyBoard and a servo motor.

A short piece of microPython makes the servo turn, first one direction, then then other, then a pause, at a speed that makes sure a watch is fully wound overnight. The speed depends on the required number of turns to achieve full-wind, which depends on the watch movement, and whether the movement winds in one or other, or both, rotational directions.

The watch is placed in a plastic box attached to the servo motor and the motor is simple clamped in a panavise, with the axis of the servo at about 45°

Photos

pyBoard Quick Reference

[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2025-03-09]~~add some photos~~

Python Code

microPython code for Pyboard to control continuous rotation servo.

# main.py -- put your code here!
 
 
import pyb
 
servo1 = pyb.Servo(1)
 
# LED colours
# red flash = motor stopped
# green on = manual stop for 120 seconds
# yellow on/flash = motor running
# blue flash = 5 seconds before a change of state
 
ledr = pyb.LED(1) 
ledg = pyb.LED(2)
ledy = pyb.LED(3)
ledb = pyb.LED(4) 
 
# servo speeds to achieve approx 6 rpm in either direction.
ccw = 14
cw = -7
stop = 0
 
 
# 12 minute cycle :
# observed turns complete per stage:
# 2 min CW = ~11 turns
# 4 min stop
# 2 min CCW = ~ 12 turns
# 4 min stop
# 23 turns / 12 min = 115 turns / hour
# ETA 2836-2 requires 650 turns / day for full winding 
# this would take 5.6 hours on winder per day to guarantee full wind.
 
period = 120 # seconds
 
# turn LEDs off (unneccesary?)
ledr.off()
ledg.off() 
ledy.off()
ledb.off()
 
# interrupt function to allow changing/removing watch
def stop_servo():
 
	# red LED on at start of interruption
	ledr.on()
	ledy.off()
 
	# turn off any flashing LEDs during interruption
	tim4.callback(None)
 
	# flash blue LED to signal stop imminent
	flash_blue()
 
	# stop servo
	servo1.speed(0)
 
	# red LED off and green LED on to indicate "safe to proceed"
	ledr.off()
	ledg.on()
 
	# pause for 2 minute
	pyb.delay(120 * 1000)
 
	# flash blue LED to signal re-start imminent
	flash_blue()
 
	# green LED off to indicate end of interruption.
	ledg.off()
 
	pyb.hard_reset()
 
	# after resumption from interrupt the next stage will usually be a 
	# "stop" period, assuming the interrupt occurred during a "run" period
	# perhaps need to look at the best way of resuming? or even quit()
	# at the end of the stop_servo() interrupt and then manually reset via the 
	# RST button?
 
	# main programme resumes where it left off....
	return
 
def cycle_led():
 
	ledb.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledy.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledg.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledr.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledb.off()
	ledy.off()
	ledg.off()
	ledr.off()
 
	return
 
def flash_blue():
 
	t = 0
	while t < 10:
 
		ledb.toggle()
		pyb.delay(500)
		t += 1
	return
 
def rotate_cw(p):
 
	# solid yellow LED when going CW
	ledy.on()
	servo1.speed(cw, 1000)
	pyb.delay(p * 1000)
	flash_blue()
	ledy.off()
 
	return
 
 
def rotate_ccw(p):
 
	# flash yellow LED when going CCW
	tim4.callback(lambda t: ledy.toggle())
	servo1.speed(ccw, 1000)
	pyb.delay(p * 1000)
	flash_blue()
	tim4.callback(None)
	ledy.off()
 
 
	return
 
 
def pause(p):
 
	# flash red LED during motor pause period
	tim4.callback(lambda t: ledr.toggle())
	servo1.speed(stop, 1000)
	pyb.delay(p * 1000)
	flash_blue()
	tim4.callback(None)
	ledr.off()
 
	return
 
 
# USR on-board switch used to pause running to allow
# watch to be removed / changed
sw = pyb.Switch()
 
# callback to run the function that pauses the operation
sw.callback(stop_servo)
 
#timer to flash LEDs
tim4 = pyb.Timer(4, freq=2)
 
cycle_led()
 
# the main loop
while True:
 
		rotate_cw(period)
 
		pause(2 * period)
 
		rotate_ccw(period)
 
		pause(2 * period)

Page Info

Page created Sun May 22 00:52:45 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, python

Anytone AT-D878UV

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Anytone AT-D878UV

Files

Date	File	Comments
17/03/24	current_878_170324.zip	Codeplug 3 DMR plus DMR2YSF
17/03/24	d878uv_v1.21.zip	Working 1.21 & CPS
17/03/24	878_contacts.zip	Pruned Contacts file
06/04/25	current_878_050425.zip	Codeplug 3 DMR
06/04/25	contacts_050425.zip	Pruned Contacts file

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:02:24 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, dv, dmr

CRT SS9900

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

CRT SS9900

Multi-Mode 10m/11m/12m

Background

I wanted a mobile 10m radio for use on 10m FM, and occasionally SSB, to try and re-capture the fun I had in the early days of being a ham (1983). Looking around I found a lot of choice of radios covering 12m and 10m amateur bands, and (of course) all the space in between containing the 11m/CB bands.

I bought a CRT9900 which seemed to offer the best versatility - it's more like a ham radio than a channelized CB.

It's hardly been used - I don't think I've ever had a QSO with it yet - so I now intend to make a concerted effort to get some use from it, and even looking at 11m when 10m is moribund.

Propagation conditions should be improving as Solar Cycle 25 peaks, and (writing this in early May 2023) the summer Sporadic-E season should also bring some inter-Europe propagation too.

p.s. I even have a CB callsign from the Charlie Tango group : “108 CT 2182” (108 = Scotland and I asked for 2182 as a nod to SSB marine radio)

https://charlietangodxgroup.forumotion.com/t147-world-ct-call-signs-92-div-to-137-div

User Manual

manual_crt_ss9900_eng.pdf

Configurations

Date	Config files	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	Comments
05/05/23	ss9900_050523.zip	S.S.Low	S.Low	Low	Mid EU	High	S.High	UK40	10m?	10m?	10m?
09/05/23	ss9900_090523.zip	S.S.Low	S.Low	Low	Mid EU	High	S.High	UK40	28.200 - 28.590	28.910 - 29.300	29.310 - 29.700	LSB mode added

Last Update : 04/06/26 07:39 BST

Further Information

CB Channels - All Freeband

CB Channels - Legal UK

— John Pumford-Green 05/05/23 09:59

Further Information

radio, 10m, 11m, cb, ss9900

Yaesu FRG-7700

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Yaesu FRG-7700

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:04:23 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

Yaesu FT-60

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Yaesu FT-60

Page Info

Documentation

ft-60r_operating.pdf

Page created Wed May 25 00:00:44 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, ft60

Icom IC-M710

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Icom IC-M710

Repairs / Mods

2023 : No Transmit Output Power.

Receive functions normally
trace to - pre-drive TX buffer amp transistor - Q1 Main PCB
- No Drive to PA from Main Board
- TX signal present at base of Q1 but no signal at collector
- Q1 2SC4673 sourced from eBay https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/322993473692
- 07/02/23 : Replaced Q1 and full transmit power restored.

Remote Control

Python module for netradio

Some functions aren't needed for receive only, and should be removed (ptt_on ptt_off etc.). This module originally came from another project (not “object oriented”) and I had to add lots of self statements to the needed functions, ignoring the ones not used for “netradio”. I'll trim it, later, if I remember.

m710.py code

m710.py

'''
Python NMEA Radio Functions module for Icom IC-M710 Marine HF SSB Transceiver
 
    Copyright (C) 2015  John Pumford-Green
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
 
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
'''
 
# serial port for Icom IC-M710 Rig Control
 
import serial
import threading
import time
version = "v0.1"
 
sport = '/dev/ttyUSB0'
sbaud = 4800
 
#ser = serial.Serial(sport, 4800, timeout=1)
lock = threading.Lock()
 
# NMEA Codes
preamble = "$PICOA,"
controller = "90"
radio = "01" 
cr = "\x0d"
lf = "\x0a"
 
 
# Commands are sent as NMEA private sentences:
#
# $PICOA,controller_id,radio_id,command,<parameter>,*HH<CR><LF>
#
# where HH is the 2 digit ECC value below:
#
# The protocol document states that for messages FROM the controller TO the radio
# the ECC bytes are optional, and may be omitted. This appears to be false information, and
# the ECC bytes seem to be necessary.
#
# The ECC checksum, is a two-digit hex value found by XORing the hex values of the characters 
# between "$" and "*" (but not including the $ or *)
#
# The first part of the message is always:
# "PICOA,90,01," and this has an XOR value of (decimal) 112
# we then XOR this with each character's decimal ASCII value, in the required command
# and convert the result to a 2-digit hex value
#
 
class m710(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=0.1)
        self.model = model
        print "model", model
 
 
    def get_ecc(self,command):
        ecc = 112
        for c in command:
            ecc = ord(c) ^ ecc
        hecc = '{0:02x}'.format(int(ecc))
 
        return hecc
 
# we must force the radio into "Remote" mode before sending any other commands.    
    def remote_on(self):
        command = "REMOTE,ON"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return self.remote_on()
 
 
 
# we can leave the radio in "Remote" mode for as long as we want to control it remotely
# but we must close the "Remote" mode when finished. The previous radio settings (channel/power etc) are
# restored after Remote mode is closed.
    def remote_off(self):
        command = "REMOTE,OFF"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr) 
        if result:
            #ser.close()
            return
        else:
            return self.remote_off()
 
 
    def ptt_on():
        command = "TRX,TX"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return ptt_on()
 
    def ptt_off():
        command = "TRX,RX"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return ptt_off()
 
 
 
    def get_freq(self):
        fkhz = self.get_rxfreq()
        #fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
        return fkhz
 
    def set_freq(self,freq):
 
        self.set_rxfreq(freq)
        self.set_txfreq(freq)
        return "Set freq success"
 
    def get_rxfreq(self):
        command = "RXF"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            f = list[4].split("*")[0]
            fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
            return fkhz
        else:
            return self.get_rxfreq()
 
 
    def get_txfreq(self):
        command = "TXF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            f = list[4].split("*")[0]
            fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
            return fkhz
        else:
            return self.get_txfreq()
 
 
    def get_mode(self):
        command = "MODE"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            mode = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return mode
        else:
            return self.get_mode()
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self,mode):
        mode = mode.upper()
        command = "MODE,"+mode
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
 
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        print "in set_mode with ", sendStr
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_mode(mode)
 
 
    def set_rxfreq(self,freq):
 
        fmhz = float(freq) / 1000
        f = str(fmhz)
 
        command = "RXF,"+f
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_rxfreq(freq)
 
 
    def set_txfreq(self,freq):
 
        fmhz = float(freq) / 1000
        f = str(fmhz)
 
        command = "TXF,"+f
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_txfreq(freq)
 
    def get_txpower():
        command = "TXP"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            power = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return power
        else:
            return get_txpower()
 
    def set_txpower(p):
        command = "TXP,"+p
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_txpower(p)
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        command = "SIGM"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            smeter = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return smeter
        else:
            return self.get_smeter()
 
    def speaker_on():
        command = "SP,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return speaker_on()
 
 
    def speaker_off():
        command = "SP,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return speaker_off()
 
    def sql_on():
        command = "SQLC,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return sql_on()
 
    def sql_off():
        command = "SQLC,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return sql_off()
 
    def nb_on():
        command = "NB,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return nb_on()
 
    def nb_off():
        command = "NB,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return nb_off()
 
    def dim_on():
        command = "DIM,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return dim_on()
 
    def dim_off():
        command = "DIM,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return dim_off()
 
    def agc_on():
        command = "AGC,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return agc_on()
 
    def agc_off():
        command = "AGC,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return agc_off()
 
    def get_vol():
        command = "AFG"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            vol = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return vol
        else:
            return get_vol()
 
 
 
    def set_vol(v):
        command = "AFG,"+v
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_vol(v)
 
    def get_rfg():
        command = "RFG"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            rf = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return rf
        else:
            return get_rfg()
 
    def get_att(self):
        return
 
    def get_pre(self):
        return
 
    def set_rfg(v):
        command = "RFG,"+v
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_rfg(v)
 
    # The message FROM the radio may be corrupted so we do a check on the received ECC versus our calculated cECC
    # from the received characters - which are everything AFTER the "$" and BEFORE the "*"
    #
    # starting the ECC calculation at message[1] ignores the "$" and we iterate through the message XORing each 
    # character's ASCII (decimal) value until we have the final cECC which is converted by formatting it
    # into a two-digit hex value. This is then compared to the received (rECC) value from the radio's message. 
    # If they match the message is acceptable and check_ecc() returns True to tx_rx(), 
    # otherwise check_ecc() function returns "False" to tx_rx()
    # the True/False value is tested in tx_rx(). 
    # If True then tx_rx() returns the incoming string to the calling function
    # otherwise it returns "False". 
    # The calling function then checkS the boolean state of the returned value. 
    # If True (ie it has the radio's message and the ECC was good) the message 
    # is sent back to the client. 
    # If False the function calls itself again, and attempts to get an error-free reply from the radio, via tx_rx()
 
    def check_ecc(self,message, recc):
        i = 1
        cecc = 0
 
        while i < len(message):
            cecc = ord(message[i]) ^ cecc
            i += 1  
 
        cecc = '{0:02x}'.format(int(cecc))  
 
        if cecc == recc:   
            return True
        else: 
            return False
 
    def tx_rx(self,sendStr):
        print "in tx_rx, sendStr =  " , sendStr
        lock.acquire()
 
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
        time.sleep(0.1)
        result = self.ser.readline()
 
        print result
        reply = result.split("*")
        ecc = reply[1][0:2].lower()
        message = reply[0]
        lock.release()
 
        if self.check_ecc(message, ecc):
            return result
        else:
            return False
 
 
 
 
 
#

Documentation

Page Info

Page created Tue May 24 23:59:35 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

radio, icm710

TYT MD380

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

TYT MD380

Files

Date	File	Comments
17/03/24	current_380_170324.zip	Codeplug 3 DMR and DMR2YSF
17/03/24	tytoolz_v1_08c_beta.zip	Firmware flash tool for TyToolz & DB

Firmware

Running the TyToolz fork of MD380 Tools
Similar functionality to the original Tools firmware but with some nicer modifications that make it more pleasant to operate.

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:05:34 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, dmr, dv

Rig and Key List

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Radio

Rig and Key List

Radios and Morse Keys/Bugs currently owned

Information

Page created Tue May 24 23:57:58 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

radio

Kenwood TH-D72

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Kenwood TH-D72

Remote Control

The TH-D72 can be used to remotely control a TM-D710. This allows remote control of VHF Frequency/Memory Channel, TX power, CTCSS/DCS tones and to enable/disable cross-band repeat.

The remote control function uses specific DTMF sequences to instruct the TM-D710.

To enable “Remote Ctrl” mode :

Select the correct UHF uplink frequency to match the TM-D710
Turn off the TH-D72
Hold MR and PTT
Turn on the TH-D72

The display will show “Mobile Ctrl”

The TM-D710 must also be put in Remote Control mode.

On the TM-D710

select VHF mode on both sides
turn off the APRS TNC if it's on
set the left side to the wanted VHF Frequency
set the right side to the UHF Uplink/control frequency to match the TH-D72
- the first steps are done by selecting PM5 on my TM-D710
- make sure the left side/VHF is the “active” side by clicking the left volume knob
turn off
hold Rev button
turn on

The TM-D710 should now be in remote mode.

To restore normal operation repeat the same sequence of

Turn off
Hold Rev
Turn on

Successful commands sent to the TM-D710 will receive a “pip pip pip” revertive.

The commands are send using the TH-D72 keypad, remapped as:

1 = DCS On	2 = Tone On	3 = CTCSS On	A = Enter
4 = DCS Off	5 = Tone Off	6 = CTCSS Off	B = CTCSS/DCS Tone
7 = Call Ch. Mode	8 = VFO Mode	9 = Memory Mode	C = Repeater On
* = Down	0 = Power	# = Up	D = Repeater Off

to change VHF Frequency to 145.500
- 8 (VFO Mode)
- A (Enter) 145500 A (Enter)
to change to memory channel 2
- 9 (Memory Mode)
- A (Enter) 002 A (enter)
To turn on Cross-Band Repeat
- C
To turn off Cross-Band Repeat
- D

Once the TM-D710 is in the correct condition - VHF Frequency, tone, power, cross-band repeat - it's possible to restore the TH-D72 to normal operation and use it to access the cross-band repeater and use DTMF tones as normal (eg. to control another system via the repeater). Just exit “Mobile Ctrl” mode on the TH-D72

Turn off
hold MR and PTT
Turn on

You should be back in normal operation mode.

Obviously, to control the TM-D710 again (eg to disable cross-band repeat) simply go back to Mobile Ctrl mode in the same way, and send the required commands.

Documentation

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:01:26 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, thd72

Kenwood TM-D710

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Kenwood TM-D710

Service Mode to adjust TX Powers

To access Service Mode
- Make 6-pin data plug with pins 3 & 6 connected
- Plug into Data Socket on Main Unit
- Power up while holding Left 2 Function buttons
To set powers, rotate main knob to find “HPWR V” etc.
- Note current settings of all 6 parameters
  - HPWR V 216
  - MPWR V 148
  - LPWR V 137
  - HPWR U 225
  - MPWR U 106
  - LPWR U 83
- Adjust each to achieve required power (Press PTT, Look at Power meter, rotate Main Knob with relevant figure selected…..)
  - New settings (high power set to keep current below 10A)
    - HPWR V 172 → 25W (current 6.5A)
    - MPWR V 148 → 10W
    - LPWR V 137 = 5W
    - HPWR U 133 → 20W
    - MPWR U 102 → 10W
    - LPWR U 83 = 5W
- Power off
- Remove plug
- Power on

Remote Control and Cross-Band Repeat

See TH-D72

Documentation

tm-d710g_all_en.pdf

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:01:05 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, tmd710

Xeigu G90

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Xeigu G90

Documentation

Firmware Upgrade process

Use TeraTerm and “blue USB Serial adaptor”

Set TerraTerm to 115200 8n1 and the appropriate COM port

Plug to Main unit COM port

Hold SPACE and power-on G90
Choose “1. Update F/W”
After “Erase” select F/W file to send in TerraTerm via “File → Transfer → XMODEM → Send
1. check the “1k” box
2. Power off Radio after transfer completes
Move to Front Panel COM port
Hold SPACE and power-on G90 again
repeat process to upgrade front panel
Once complete depower radio.
Wait 5 seconds (remove COM connection)
Power on as normal

Firmware

Date	Firmware Version	Firmware Files	Comments

12/5/23	1.79b03	g90fw_v1.79_fw_v1.79b03_221026.zip	new IF Filter adjust method - not intuitive
12/5/23	1.78b01	g90_fw_v1.78b01-20220119.zip	downgraded - not sure of new Bandwidth method
12/5/23	1.79b03 main / 1.80 display	g90_fw_1.80disp.zip	Display → 1.80 fixes C-IV bugs. Main Unit on 1.79b03. Trying to adapt to new IF bandwidth method
14/5/23	1.78b01	g90_fw_v1.78b01-20220119.zip	Downgraded again, old filter adjustment method much better, but clicks on audio on strong signals
14/5/23	1.77b	xiegu_g90_fw_v1.77b.zip	back to best compromise version (so far)

Manual etc

Date	File
02/04/24	xiegu_g90_user_manual_v4.31_20230607.pdf
02/04/24	cheat-sheet-v1.75-091520.pdf

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:00:02 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, g90

CCIR493 Selcall

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 17:08:18 +0000

←Radio Topics

CCIR493 Selcall

HF Selcall Experiments

Background

I became interested in HF selcall when I was looking for a way of setting up impromptu QSOs with specific stations, for doing tests etc., without the need for listening by ear for calls. Various ideas were considered for controlling an audio mute, and alerting the operator, on HF, but nothing seemed appropriate (CTCSS, DTMF etc) until I stumbled on CCIR493 HF Selcall, specifically designed to cope with conditions on the HF bands.

The protocol was familiar, as it's very similar (but slightly simpler) than GMDSS DSC. This led to more reading and research. CCIR493 is widely used in Land Mobile HF SSB in Australia and in other countries which use HF SSB as a communications method. It seems largely unused in Europe. In Australia it is used on the networks set up to assist 4WD outback travellers, with Selcall used to initiate contact with the various base stations.

Selcall's beacon and 99 beacon functions can be used to check if a particular station is reachable before attempting a voice call.

This seemed ideal…. down the rabbit hole of HF Selcall…..

Basic details

CCIR493 HF Selcall is a predecessor to GMDSS DSC used in Marine Radio.

Two Tone FSK with 170Hz shift
100baud signalling rate
Tone frequencies 1700 = 0, 1870 = 1 (tone centre = 1785)
- compare with DSC: 1615 = 1, 1785 = 0 (tone centre = 1700, inverted shift)
Symbols are 10-bit words, 7 bit + 3 parity bits
Dotting pre-amble of alternating 1010….. 2 to 20 seconds depending on expected scan-group size
Same “symbol repeat after 4” RX/DX interleaving as DSC
Same phasing sequence as DSC
No overall Error Check Sum, unlike DSC

At its simplest a selcall transmission can be either:

Directed call to a specific address
1. Selcall = send a revertive signal over the air AND alert the remote operator. The FMT symbol = 120
2. Directed-Beacon = send revertive signal over the air, but do not alert remote operator. The FMT symbol = 123
99-beacon call to a group of addresses = all stations send revertive signal over the air, but do not alert remote operator. The 99-beacon call is a special form of a directed selcall, with the FMT symbol of 120 and the final two digits of the destination address = 99. Receiving decoders understand to treat the call as a special type of beacon call despite the FMT being 120 (Selcall)

The directed-beacon to a specific address will confirm if that station is reachable, without disturbing the operator.

The 99-beacon call confirms whether any station in the group are reachable - the group is “any station with the first two digits matching”. The address used for the 99-beacon call is XX99, where XX is the leading digits of the desired group. For example, a group stations 3610, 3602, 3603, 3654 would all respond to a 99-beacon call addressed to 3699

Jenal SC2 Mic

HF Selcall is widely used in Australia, and there is a large market for add-on Selcall devices (to convert non-selcall radios) there. One manufacturer of Selcall equipment is JENAL.

At the time of my first exploration of Selcall I found that the SC2 microphone seemed like the perfect solution. The SC2 had been out of production, but Jenal had just released a new batch and I bought TWO of them, allowing me to experiment in isolation, should I fail to find any other amateur stations suitably equipped.

SC2 Handbook

One SC2 microphone can be connected to a Xiegu G90 portable HF transceiver, capable of 20W pep, and the other SC2 can be connected to a home made 60m SSB transceiver, also capable of 20W PEP, at the main station.

Scanning

The SC2 is capable of controlling the transceiver to scan, waiting for incoming selcall dotting signals, when it will pause the scan to decode any selcall message and act upon it as appropriate. Scan will resume after a certain period. The simplest scanning method is to pulse the channel up or channel down line present on most ham-grade transceivers on the mic-connector and thus the radio will step through its memory channels looking for selcall signals.

Previous Selcall Activity

In previous periods of activity with Selcall I have managed a few contacts and QSOs. Mainly with two stations who were already equipped with Barrett or Codan radios which can use CCIR493 “out of the box”.

GM4WMM - with a Barrett 950. We successfully operated on a small set of predetermined channels in the 80m, 60m, 40m bands, scanning, and selecting the optimum channel using beacon calls.
F6EMT - with a Codan . Made several contacts on 20m, some of them while mobile, initiated as random Selcall QSOs.

For 2023 I hope to find some more Selcall-equipped stations willing to try some experiments.

Selcall Activity 2023

[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-04-30] ~~Attach SC2 to Xiegu G90~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-04-30]~~Set up 60m homebrew radio & amplifier & attach SC2~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-05-05]~~Install mobile whip on van for use with G90~~
[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2023-04-30]~~Make adaptor for IC-M710 to allow easy connection of SC2 in place of usual datamode interface, for access to more bands~~
Try to make contact with like minded experimenters for on-air tests

UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 30/04/23 16:57

When not otherwise engaged I'll leave my main station IC-M710 monitoring 14.343MHz or 18.163MHz with Selcall ID 3658. I may not be able to respond directly to any calls the Selcall will send revertives (at 50W) for successful selcall or beacon calls to 3658or for 99-beacon calls to 3699

For skeds please contact me by email - address at https://www.qrz.com/db/GM4SLV

I have re-enabled emails from the hf-link groups.io https://groups.io/g/hflink to see what's happening here - the only place where CCIR493 appears to be discussed/used.

Further Information

For new (2026) adventures in Selcall : CCIR493 Selcall - 2026

~~Blackcat Android app for generating various Selcalls, including Barrett/Codan~~

Code snippets

My Python2 Selcall TX encoder

selcal_functions.py (Click to view)

# CCIR 493-4 Selcal Symbol Generator / CPFSK Modulator
# Wire2waves Ltd
# March 2015
# with CW ID for use on Amateur Radio bands
 
version = "v0.2"
 
# Imports
import numpy
import pyaudio
import struct
import time
from math import *
 
# quick and dirty CW Ident
# words per minute
wpm = 20
# dot period
cwdit = 1.2 / wpm
# dash period
cwdah = cwdit * 3
 
w_amp = (2**15) - 1
 
# define the output audio stream for the main data
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
cpfsk_stream = p.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=9600, output=1)
 
# make a second stream for the Tune carrier & cw ident
pt = pyaudio.PyAudio()
tunestream = pt.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=9600, output=1)
 
pc = pyaudio.PyAudio()
cwstream = pc.open(format=pyaudio.paInt16, channels=1, rate=9600, output=1)
 
# convert text to symbol value using dictionaries
fmt_symbol_dict = { "sel" : "120", "bcn" : "123" }
cat_symbol_dict = { "rtn" : "100"}
eos_symbol_dict = { "req" : "117" }
 
 
# list containing Phasing Symbols in DX/RX order. 
 
phasing_symbol = [ "125", "109", "125", "108", "125", "107", "125", "106", "125", "105", "125", "104" ]
 
# Instead of doing bit-twiddling to convert each symbol
# value to its 10-bit parity protected word, which involves padding to full 7-bits, counting zeros,
# reversing the bit order, shifting bits and "ORing" in the parity bits
# we just use a dictionary containing the conversion between symbol value and its 10-bit parity protected word
#
parity_table = { 
"00" : "0000000111", "01" : "1000000110", "02" : "0100000110", "03" : "1100000101", 
"04" : "0010000110", "05" : "1010000101", "06" : "0110000101", "07" : "1110000100",
"08" : "0001000110", "09" : "1001000101", "10" : "0101000101", "11" : "1101000100", 
"12" : "0011000101", "13" : "1011000100", "14" : "0111000100", "15" : "1111000011", 
"16" : "0000100110", "17" : "1000100101", "18" : "0100100101", "19" : "1100100100", 
"20" : "0010100101", "21" : "1010100100", "22" : "0110100100", "23" : "1110100011", 
"24" : "0001100101", "25" : "1001100100", "26" : "0101100100", "27" : "1101100011", 
"28" : "0011100100", "29" : "1011100011", "30" : "0111100011", "31" : "1111100010", 
"32" : "0000010110", "33" : "1000010101", "34" : "0100010101", "35" : "1100010100", 
"36" : "0010010101", "37" : "1010010100", "38" : "0110010100", "39" : "1110010011", 
"40" : "0001010101", "41" : "1001010100", "42" : "0101010100", "43" : "1101010011", 
"44" : "0011010100", "45" : "1011010011", "46" : "0111010011", "47" : "1111010010", 
"48" : "0000110101", "49" : "1000110100", "50" : "0100110100", "51" : "1100110011", 
"52" : "0010110100", "53" : "1010110011", "54" : "0110110011", "55" : "1110110010", 
"56" : "0001110100", "57" : "1001110011", "58" : "0101110011", "59" : "1101110010", 
"60" : "0011110011", "61" : "1011110010", "62" : "0111110010", "63" : "1111110001", 
"64" : "0000001110", "65" : "1000001101", "66" : "0100001101", "67" : "1100001100", 
"68" : "0010001101", "69" : "1010001100", "70" : "0110001100", "71" : "1110001011", 
"72" : "0001001101", "73" : "1001001100", "74" : "0101001100", "75" : "1101001011", 
"76" : "0011001100", "77" : "1011001011", "78" : "0111001011", "79" : "1111001010", 
"80" : "0000101101", "81" : "1000101100", "82" : "0100101100", "83" : "1100101011", 
"84" : "0010101100", "85" : "1010101011", "86" : "0110101011", "87" : "1110101010", 
"88" : "0001101100", "89" : "1001101011", "90" : "0101101011", "91" : "1101101010", 
"92" : "0011101011", "93" : "1011101010", "94" : "0111101010", "95" : "1111101001", 
"96" : "0000011101", "97" : "1000011100", "98" : "0100011100", "99" : "1100011011", 
"100" : "0010011100", "101" : "1010011011", "102" : "0110011011", "103" : "1110011010", 
"104" : "0001011100", "105" : "1001011011", "106" : "0101011011", "107" : "1101011010", 
"108" : "0011011011", "109" : "1011011010", "110" : "0111011010", "111" : "1111011001", 
"112" : "0000111100", "113" : "1000111011", "114" : "0100111011", "115" : "1100111010", 
"116" : "0010111011", "117" : "1010111010", "118" : "0110111010", "119" : "1110111001", 
"120" : "0001111011", "121" : "1001111010", "122" : "0101111010", "123" : "1101111001", 
"124" : "0011111010", "125" : "1011111001", "126" : "0111111001", "127" : "1111111000" 
}
 
cw_table = {
"A" : ".-",
"B" : "-...",
"C" : "-.-.",
"D" : "-..",
"E" : ".",
"F" : "..-.",
"G" : "--.",
"H" : "....",
"I" : "..",
"J" : ".---",
"K" : "-.-",
"L" : ".-..",
"M" : "--",
"N" : "-.",
"O" : "---",
"P" : ".--.",
"Q" : "--.-",
"R" : ".-.",
"S" : "...",
"T" : "-",
"U" : "..-",
"V" : "...-",
"W" : ".--",
"X" : "-..-",
"Y" : "--.-",
"Z" : "--..",
"1" : ".----",
"2" : "..---",
"3" : "...--",
"4" : "....-",
"5" : ".....",
"6" : "-....",
"7" : "--...",
"8" : "---..",
"9" : "----.",
"0" : "-----",
" " : "",
"/" : "-..-.",
"?" : "..--..",
"+" : ".-.-."
}
 
#####################
# function definitions
#
 
##############
#  Tone generators (not used for data, but for Tune and CW signals)
#
# Setting the "cspace" and "lspace" amplitudes (pwr) to non-zero
# will produce FSK-style CW, as used in Beacons etc,
 
def sine(frequency, length, rate):
    length = int(length * rate)
    factor = float(frequency) * (pi * 2) / rate
    return numpy.sin(numpy.arange(length) * factor)#
#
# Generate a carrier to allow Auto-ATU to re-tune when changing frequency
# reduced amplitude, 3 seconds 
#
def tune_carrier(pwr):
    frequency = 1785
    length = 3
    rate = 9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) * (w_amp * pwr)
    tunestream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())
 
def dash(pwr):
    frequency=1900
    length=cwdah 
    rate=9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())    
 
def dot(pwr):
    frequency=1900
    length=cwdit
    rate=9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())  
 
def cspace(pwr):
    frequency=1700
    length=cwdit
    rate=9600 
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())     
 
def lspace(pwr):
    frequency=1700
    length=cwdah
    rate=9600
    chunks = []
    chunks.append(sine(frequency, length, rate))
    chunk = numpy.concatenate(chunks) *  (w_amp * pwr)
    cwstream.write(chunk.astype(numpy.int16).tostring())      
#
#   
################################
 
def make_call(cw_table, call):
    callsign = ""
    for i in call:
        callsign += cw_table[i]
        callsign += "s"        
    return callsign
 
def cwid(call, pwr):
    callsign = make_call(cw_table, call)
    for i in callsign:
        if i == "-":
            dash(pwr)
            cspace(pwr)
        elif i == ".":
            dot(pwr)
            cspace(pwr)
        elif i == "s":
            lspace(pwr)
 
###########
 
 
# split a 4 digit Selcal into two 2-digit symbols
# resulting symbols are returned as a list
def sel_id_symbol(sel_id):
    sel_id_list = [(sel_id[i:i+2]) for i in range(0, len(sel_id), 2)]    
    return sel_id_list
 
 
# build the basic Call:
# Selcal messages are of the form:  "fmt to_id cat self_id eos eos eos"
 
def build_call(f_s, a_s, c_s, s_s, eos_s):
 
    sel_call = []
 
    sel_call.append(f_s)
 
    for i in a_s:
        sel_call.append(i)
 
    sel_call.append(c_s)
 
    for i in s_s:
        sel_call.append(i)
 
    sel_call.append(eos_s)
 
    sel_call.append(eos_s)
    sel_call.append(eos_s)
 
    return sel_call
 
 
 
# interleave the symbols into DX and RX sequence 
# at the same time convert between symbol value and
# 10-bit parity word by looking in the parity_table dictionary.
 
def interleave(parity_table, phasing, sel_list):
 
    symbol_count = len(sel_list)
 
    sel_dxrx = []
    # interleave the phasing sequence
    for p in range(0,12):
        sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[phasing[p]]) #dxrx
 
    # add dx and rx copies of the format symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[0]]) #dx
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[0]]) #rx
 
    # add the DX copy of the the to_ID
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[1]]) #dx
 
    # add another RX copy of the format symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[0]]) #rx
 
    # add the DX copy of the category symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[2]]) #dx
 
    # loop through the remaining symbols to add the RX and DX versions 
    for i in range(0,symbol_count-3):
        sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[i]]) #rx
        sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[i+3]]) #dx
 
    # add a final DX and RX copy of the EOS symbol
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[-1]])
    sel_dxrx.append(parity_table[sel_list[-1]])    
 
    # sel_dxrx is a list of 10-bit words, as ones and noughts, for the complete message
    return sel_dxrx
 
 
# Make a 600-bit dotting period of alternating 1/0 in a string
 
# Selcal dotting periods often 6 seconds (and up to 20 seconds in some
# instances) to allow for capturing scanning radios. 
# We send 300 bits / 6 seconds for now, pending a decision to extend or reduce the dotting period.
 
# Append to the string each 10-bit interleaved word, to create a string of 
# ones and noughts.
 
# return a string of ones & noughts representing the complete message
 
def make_bitstream(sel_dxrx):
    sel_bitstream= "10"  * 300 # dotting
    for i in sel_dxrx:
        sel_bitstream += i
    return sel_bitstream
 
 
 
# DSC and Selcall use tone spacing and baud rate that prevents the use of 
# "Sunde's FSK" method to create glitch-less bit transitions.
#
# To minimize bandwidth it's necessary to use "Continuous Phase FSK" which
# has a smooth transition of the waveform at the bit boundary. The method used is time-consuming
# as we have to create each audio sample based on the phase-advance of each bit-period and 
# store them in a buffer before sending them out to the soundcard via PyAudio.
# 
# This function is courtesy of Bill Lionheart : billlionheart@gmail.com
#
# Make the CPFSK-modulated sample values, pack them into a list, and convert to a string 
# to feed PyAudio  
#
 
def modulate(fmsg, fcarrier, f0, f1, fsample, baud, amp):
 
    if amp > 1.0:
       amp = 1.0
 
    sel_amp =  (w_amp * amp)
 
    mlen = len(fmsg)
 
    mtime = mlen/baud  
 
    nsamp = int(round(fsample*mtime))
 
    deltaT = 1.0/fsample
 
    ph=0
 
    y = [0] * nsamp
 
    for i in range(nsamp): # i = sample number
 
        thisbit = int(floor((i/float(nsamp))* mlen)) 
 
        # "thisbit" is the index number of the data-bit being modulated,
        # the same data-bit is used for "the number of samples which occupy 1 bit period"
 
        if fmsg[thisbit]:
            f = f1 
        else:
            f = f0 
 
        # if this bit is a 1 then f = mark-freq, else f = space-freq
 
        ph +=  2*pi*(fcarrier + f)*deltaT
 
        # phase advances during sample period according the actual mark or space freq
        # when the bit changes between 1 and 0, the phase advance in deltaT is small, and
        # continuity in phase is achieved. The signal then starts to advance
        # in phase according to the new frequency appropriate the the bit (one or nought)
        #being sent.
 
        # reset phase to zero every 360 degrees
        if ph> 2*pi: 
            ph = ph - 2*pi
 
        y[i]=sel_amp*(sin(ph)) # y is an 8-bit value
        # y[i] is the current sample's amplitude - the "sin of current accumulated phase"
 
    wave_list = []
    for v in y:
        vp = struct.pack('h',v)
        wave_list.append(vp)
    wavestring = ''.join(wave_list)
 
    return wavestring
 
 
# Take the message to be sent and
# 1) interleave
# 2) make bitstream as a string
# 3) convert to list, for the CPFSK modulator function, 
# 4) calculate the sample values using the "modulate()" function
# 5) write the string of sample values to pyaudio
 
 
def transmit_sel(sel_call, pwr):
    #
    # 1) interleave the message and phasing DX and RX symbols together, and also convert to 10-bit parity words
    sel_dxrx = interleave(parity_table, phasing_symbol, sel_call) 
 
    # 2) create a string with the ones and noughts representing the full message
    sel_bitstream = make_bitstream(sel_dxrx)
 
    # 3) convert the string into a list, to feed the CPFSK modulator
    bitstream_list = [int(sel_bitstream[i:i+1]) for i in range(0, len(sel_bitstream), 1)]
 
    # 4) get a list of sample values from the CPFSK modulator
    #
    # arguments for modulate() : (source of message_bits(a list), f-centre, space_dev, mark_dev, sample_rate, baud_rate, amplitude)
    # returns a string of 8-bit signed values to feed PyAudio
 
    wave = modulate(bitstream_list, 1785, -85, +85, 9600, 100.0, pwr)
 
    # 5) make some noise...
 
    cpfsk_stream.write(wave)
 
    return

selcal_gui.py (Click to view )

# Wire2waves Ltd
# CCIR 493-4 Selcal Generator & Modulator
# Generic, non-TX GUI
 
 
from Tkinter import *
from selcal_functions import *
import threading
import Queue
import time
 
version = "v0.2"
 
 
class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master):
        """ Initialize frame"""
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()
 
        # we manage the three sound-producing functions in Threads, run at startup but only produce
        # output when their Queues are set to "1"
        self.selqueue = Queue.Queue()
        self.tunequeue = Queue.Queue()
        self.cwqueue = Queue.Queue()
        self.tunequeue.put(0)
        self.selqueue.put(0)
        self.cwqueue.put(0)
        t1 = threading.Thread(target = self.tune)
        t1.setDaemon(True)
        t1.start()
        c1 = threading.Thread(target = self.send_cwid)
        c1.setDaemon(True)
        c1.start()
        d1 = threading.Thread(target = self.send_sel)
        d1.setDaemon(True)
        d1.start()
 
 
    def create_widgets(self):
 
        ###### 
        #
        # The Address Entry Fields
        self.to_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "To ID", fg = 'red').grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.to_sel_id_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'red')
        self.to_sel_id_e.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        self.to_sel_id_e.insert(0, "3922")
 
 
        self.from_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "Self ID", fg = 'blue').grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.from_sel_id_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        self.from_sel_id_e.grid(row = 1, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        self.from_sel_id_e.insert(0, "3921")
 
        ###################
        #
        # The "Format" selection radio buttons
        self.fmt = StringVar()
        self.fmt_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "Format").grid(row = 5, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.sel_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Sel", variable = self.fmt, value = "sel")
        self.sel_r.grid(row = 5, column = 1, sticky = W)
        self.bcn_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Bcn", variable = self.fmt, value = "bcn")
        self.bcn_r.grid(row = 5, column = 2, sticky = W)
        #self.fmt_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        #self.fmt_e.grid(row = 5, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        #self.fmt_e.insert(0, "120")
 
        #
        # click the "SEL" radio button
        self.sel_r.invoke()
        #
        ########
 
        ######
        #
        # The "Category" selection radio buttons
 
        self.cat = StringVar()
 
        self.cat_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "Category").grid(row = 6, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.saf_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Routine", variable = self.cat, value = "rtn")
        self.saf_r.grid(row = 6, column = 1, sticky = W)
        #self.cat_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        #self.cat_e.grid(row = 6, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        #self.cat_e.insert(0, "100")
 
 
        # For selcal we may require other categories, but at present only "Routine" is used
        #self.urg_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Urgent", variable = self.cat, value = "urg")
        #self.urg_r.grid(row = 6, column = 2, sticky = W)
        #self.dis_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "Distress", variable = self.cat, value = "dis")
        #self.dis_r.grid(row = 6, column = 3, sticky = W)
 
        # click the "Safety" radio-button
        self.saf_r.invoke()
        #
        ########
 
        ####
        #
        # The "EOS" selection radio buttons
 
        self.eosv = StringVar()
        self.eos_l = Label(self, width = 15, text = "EOS").grid(row = 9, column = 0, sticky = W)
        self.req_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "REQ", variable = self.eosv, value = "req")
        self.req_r.grid(row = 9, column = 1, sticky = W)
        #self.eos_e = Entry(self, width = 10, fg = 'blue')
        #self.eos_e.grid(row = 9, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W)
        #self.eos_e.insert(0, "117")
 
        # leave these in case other EOS symbols would be useful in the future 
        #self.ack_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "ACK", variable = self.eosv, value = "ack")
        #self.ack_r.grid(row = 9, column = 2, sticky = W)
 
        #self.eos_r = Radiobutton(self, text = "EOS", variable = self.eosv, value = "eos")
        #self.eos_r.grid(row = 9, column = 3, sticky = W)
 
        # click the "REQ" radio button
        self.req_r.invoke()
        #
        ###########
 
 
        ###########
        #
        # The "do something" buttons
 
        self.go_b = Button(self, text = "Send Selcal", command = self.selqueue_on)
        self.go_b.grid(row = 10, column = 0, sticky = W+E)
 
        self.tune_b = Button(self, text = "Tune", command = self.tunequeue_on)
        self.tune_b.grid(row = 13, column = 0, sticky = W+E)
 
        self.cw_call_e = Entry(self)
        self.cw_call_e.grid(row = 14, column = 1, columnspan = 2)
        #
        # The CW Text is pre-set, but can be edited as required on the GUI
        self.cw_call_e.insert(0, "   de GM4SLV   ")
 
        self.cw_b = Button(self, text = "Send CW ->", command = self.cwqueue_on)
        self.cw_b.grid(row = 14, column = 0, sticky = W+E)
 
        ######
        #
        # The display of Selcal Symbols
        #
 
        self.sel_title = Label(self, text = "Sending Selcal Symbols: " , fg = 'blue').grid(row = 16, column = 0)
 
        sel_call_f = Frame(self, relief = GROOVE, borderwidth = 2, pady = 5)
        sel_call_f.grid(row = 17, column = 0, columnspan = 5, padx = 5, pady = 5, sticky = W+E)
 
 
        self.sel_label = StringVar()
        self.sel_l = Label(sel_call_f, textvariable = self.sel_label, fg = 'blue', height = 2, wraplength = 350, anchor = W)
        self.sel_l.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
        #
        #####
 
 
    # When a Tune is required we call tunequeue_on() which puts a "1" into the queue.
    # The queue is read by tune() which is running constantly (while True:) in a thread. 
    # If a "1" is found the tune_carrier() function is triggered
    # then tunequeue_off() will put a "0" in the queue which will inhibit any further
    # tune signals. 
 
    # Since the Tune, CWID and Selcal Transmit all run in their own threads, with their own queues
    # it's possible to do all three functions at once, and still retain an active GUI
    # this may not be "the right way" to do this, but it works...
 
    def tunequeue_on(self):
        self.tunequeue.put(1)
 
    def tunequeue_off(self):
        self.tunequeue.put(0)
 
 
    def tune(self):
 
        while True:
            t_on = self.tunequeue.get()
            if t_on == 1:   
                pwr = 0.7
                tune_carrier(pwr)
                self.tunequeue_off()
 
 
    def cwqueue_on(self):
        self.cwqueue.put(1)
    def cwqueue_off(self):
        self.cwqueue.put(0)
 
    def send_cwid(self):
        while True:
            c_on = self.cwqueue.get()
            if c_on == 1:
                pwr = 0.7
                call = self.cw_call_e.get().upper()
                cwid(call, pwr)
                self.cwqueue_off()
 
    def selqueue_on(self):
        self.selqueue.put(1)
    def selqueue_off(self):
        self.selqueue.put(0)
 
    def send_sel(self):
 
        while True:   
            go = self.selqueue.get()
            if go == 1:
                a_sel_id = self.to_sel_id_e.get()
                s_sel_id = self.from_sel_id_e.get()
                fmt = self.fmt.get()
                cat = self.cat.get()
                eos = self.eosv.get()
                pwr = 0.7
 
                # restrict to 4-digit 493-4
                if len(a_sel_id) != 4:
                    continue
                if len(s_sel_id) != 4:
                    continue
 
                # convert the format, category and eos to the appropriate symbol values
                fmt_symbol = (fmt_symbol_dict[fmt])
                #fmt_symbol = self.fmt_e.get()
 
                cat_symbol = (cat_symbol_dict[cat])
                #cat_symbol = self.cat_e.get()
 
                eos_symbol = (eos_symbol_dict[eos])
                #eos_symbol = self.eos_e.get()
 
                # convert the 4-digit selcal IDs into two 2-digit symbols
                a_symbol = sel_id_symbol(a_sel_id)
                s_symbol = sel_id_symbol(s_sel_id)
 
                # build the call by joining the symbol values into a list
                sel_call = build_call(fmt_symbol, a_symbol, cat_symbol, s_symbol, eos_symbol)
 
                #we want the basic selcal message returned to us, to display on the GUI
                self.sel_label.set(sel_call)
 
                # turn the selcal queue off to stop further transmissions
                self.selqueue_off()
 
                # then we pass the selcal list and required "power" into "transmit_sel() which does the rest...
                transmit_sel(sel_call, pwr) 
 
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
 
    root.geometry("350x350+10+10")
    root.title("GM4SLV HF CCIR 493-4 Selcal " + version)
    root.resizable(0, 0)
    app = Application(root)
 
 
    root.mainloop()

— John Pumford-Green 29/04/23 11:42

Last Modified : 08/06/26 18:08 BST

radio, selcall

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15

Make It Tea

Old stuff but good

Old stuff but good

Alpine

telnet

ftp

Section Two

Further Information

Watchcheck Python code

Watchcheck Python code

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

Hardware

DVSwitch Bridging

My configs

Installing DVswitch

Configuring DVSwitch

Testing

So Far So Good

Allmon2 / supermon

Further Information

CA65 Setup

CA65 Setup

Support Files

A typical project

monitor_dev.s setup

Variables

monitor_dev.s source code

Further Information

Monitor

Monitor

Features

monitor_dev.s

Notes

Further Information

MB7AZE AllStar Config

MB7AZE AllStar Config

Main Config files

echolink.conf

manager.conf

rpt.conf

simpleusb.conf

simpleusb_tune_usb_48148.conf

crontab

Diaries

Diaries

I keep a diary

My general process

Things I track

My motivation?

Indexing

Influences

Alan Bennet

Simon Garfield

The Great Diary Project

The American Diary Project

Anne Lister

John Gadd

My Diaries

Some pics:

More Pics

Further Reading

On Indexing

General

Desk15 - firmware for the DM15

Desk15 - firmware for the DM15

Firmware Files

README

Further Information

60m Transceiver

60m Transceiver

Arduino Versions

RX Only, with SSB, CW & scan

Full TX/RX - with SSB, CW & Scan

Further Information

DM41X HP16C Module

DM41X HP16C Module

Keyboard Overlay

Background

The HP16C

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15