Make It Tea

Formatting Syntax

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 04 Mar 2025 06:44:15 +0000

Formatting Syntax

DokuWiki supports some simple markup language, which tries to make the datafiles to be as readable as possible. This page contains all possible syntax you may use when editing the pages. Simply have a look at the source of this page by pressing “Edit this page”. If you want to try something, just use the playground page. The simpler markup is easily accessible via quickbuttons, too.

Basic Text Formatting

DokuWiki supports bold, italic, underlined and monospaced texts. Of course you can combine all these.

DokuWiki supports **bold**, //italic//, __underlined__ and ''monospaced'' texts.
Of course you can **__//''combine''//__** all these.

You can use _subscript and ^superscript, too.

You can use <sub>subscript</sub> and <sup>superscript</sup>, too.

You can mark something as ~~deleted~~ as well.

You can mark something as <del>deleted</del> as well.

Paragraphs are created from blank lines. If you want to force a newline without a paragraph, you can use two backslashes followed by a whitespace or the end of line.

This is some text with some linebreaks
Note that the two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line
or followed by
a whitespace \\this happens without it.

This is some text with some linebreaks\\ Note that the
two backslashes are only recognized at the end of a line\\
or followed by\\ a whitespace \\this happens without it.

You should use forced newlines only if really needed.

Links

DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links.

External

External links are recognized automagically: http://www.google.com or simply www.google.com - You can set the link text as well: This Link points to google. Email addresses like this one: andi@splitbrain.org are recognized, too.

DokuWiki supports multiple ways of creating links. External links are recognized
automagically: http://www.google.com or simply www.google.com - You can set
link text as well: [[http://www.google.com|This Link points to google]]. Email
addresses like this one: <andi@splitbrain.org> are recognized, too.

Internal

Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give a pagename or use an additional link text.

Internal links are created by using square brackets. You can either just give
a [[pagename]] or use an additional [[pagename|link text]].

Wiki pagenames are converted to lowercase automatically, special characters are not allowed.

You can use namespaces by using a colon in the pagename.

You can use [[some:namespaces]] by using a colon in the pagename.

For details about namespaces see namespaces.

Linking to a specific section is possible, too. Just add the section name behind a hash character as known from HTML. This links to this Section.

This links to [[syntax#internal|this Section]].

Notes:

Links to existing pages are shown in a different style from nonexisting ones.
DokuWiki does not use CamelCase to automatically create links by default, but this behavior can be enabled in the config file. Hint: If DokuWiki is a link, then it's enabled.
When a section's heading is changed, its bookmark changes, too. So don't rely on section linking too much.

Interwiki

DokuWiki supports Interwiki links. These are quick links to other Wikis. For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis: Wiki.

DokuWiki supports [[doku>Interwiki]] links. These are quick links to other Wikis.
For example this is a link to Wikipedia's page about Wikis: [[wp>Wiki]].

Windows Shares

Windows shares like this are recognized, too. Please note that these only make sense in a homogeneous user group like a corporate Intranet.

Windows Shares like [[\\server\share|this]] are recognized, too.

Notes:

For security reasons direct browsing of windows shares only works in Microsoft Internet Explorer per default (and only in the “local zone”).
For Mozilla and Firefox it can be enabled through different workaround mentioned in the Mozilla Knowledge Base. However, there will still be a JavaScript warning about trying to open a Windows Share. To remove this warning (for all users), put the following line in conf/lang/en/lang.php (more details at localization):
conf/lang/en/lang.php
```
<?php
/**
 * Customization of the english language file
 * Copy only the strings that needs to be modified
 */
$lang['js']['nosmblinks'] = '';
```

Image Links

You can also use an image to link to another internal or external page by combining the syntax for links and images (see below) like this:

[[http://php.net|{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}]]

Please note: The image formatting is the only formatting syntax accepted in link names.

The whole image and link syntax is supported (including image resizing, internal and external images and URLs and interwiki links).

Footnotes

You can add footnotes ¹⁾ by using double parentheses.

You can add footnotes ((This is a footnote)) by using double parentheses.

Sectioning

You can use up to five different levels of headlines to structure your content. If you have more than three headlines, a table of contents is generated automatically – this can be disabled by including the string ~~NOTOC~~ in the document.

Headline Level 3

Headline Level 4

Headline Level 5

==== Headline Level 3 ====
=== Headline Level 4 ===
== Headline Level 5 ==

By using four or more dashes, you can make a horizontal line:

Media Files

You can include external and internal images, videos and audio files with curly brackets. Optionally you can specify the size of them.

Real size:

Resize to given width:

Resize to given width and height²⁾:

Resized external image:

Real size:                        {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
Resize to given width:            {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?50}}
Resize to given width and height: {{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?200x50}}
Resized external image:           {{https://www.php.net/images/php.gif?200x50}}

By using left or right whitespaces you can choose the alignment.

{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png}}
{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}
{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png }}

Of course, you can add a title (displayed as a tooltip by most browsers), too.

{{ wiki:dokuwiki-128.png |This is the caption}}

For linking an image to another page see Image Links above.

Supported Media Formats

DokuWiki can embed the following media formats directly.

Image	`gif`, `jpg`, `png`
Video	`webm`, `ogv`, `mp4`
Audio	`ogg`, `mp3`, `wav`
Flash	`swf`

If you specify a filename that is not a supported media format, then it will be displayed as a link instead.

By adding ?linkonly you provide a link to the media without displaying it inline

{{wiki:dokuwiki-128.png?linkonly}}

dokuwiki-128.png This is just a link to the image.

Fallback Formats

Unfortunately not all browsers understand all video and audio formats. To mitigate the problem, you can upload your file in different formats for maximum browser compatibility.

For example consider this embedded mp4 video:

{{video.mp4|A funny video}}

When you upload a video.webm and video.ogv next to the referenced video.mp4, DokuWiki will automatically add them as alternatives so that one of the three files is understood by your browser.

Additionally DokuWiki supports a “poster” image which will be shown before the video has started. That image needs to have the same filename as the video and be either a jpg or png file. In the example above a video.jpg file would work.

Lists

Dokuwiki supports ordered and unordered lists. To create a list item, indent your text by two spaces and use a * for unordered lists or a - for ordered ones.

This is a list
The second item
- You may have different levels
Another item

The same list but ordered
Another item
1. Just use indention for deeper levels
That's it

  * This is a list
  * The second item
    * You may have different levels
  * Another item

  - The same list but ordered
  - Another item
    - Just use indention for deeper levels
  - That's it

Also take a look at the FAQ on list items.

Text Conversions

DokuWiki can convert certain pre-defined characters or strings into images or other text or HTML.

The text to image conversion is mainly done for smileys. And the text to HTML conversion is used for typography replacements, but can be configured to use other HTML as well.

Text to Image Conversions

DokuWiki converts commonly used emoticons to their graphical equivalents. Those Smileys and other images can be configured and extended. Here is an overview of Smileys included in DokuWiki:

8-)
8-O
:-(
:-)
=)
:-/
:-\
:-?
:-D
:-P
:-O
:-X
:-|
;-)
^_^
m(
:?:
:!:
LOL
FIXME
DELETEME

Text to HTML Conversions

Typography: DokuWiki can convert simple text characters to their typographically correct entities. Here is an example of recognized characters.

→ ← ↔ ⇒ ⇐ ⇔ » « – — 640×480 © ™ ® “He thought 'It's a man's world'…”

-> <- <-> => <= <=> >> << -- --- 640x480 (c) (tm) (r)
"He thought 'It's a man's world'..."

The same can be done to produce any kind of HTML, it just needs to be added to the pattern file.

There are three exceptions which do not come from that pattern file: multiplication entity (640×480), 'single' and “double quotes”. They can be turned off through a config option.

Quoting

Some times you want to mark some text to show it's a reply or comment. You can use the following syntax:

I think we should do it

> No we shouldn't

>> Well, I say we should

> Really?

>> Yes!

>>> Then lets do it!

I think we should do it

No we shouldn't

Well, I say we should

Really?

Yes!

Then lets do it!

Tables

DokuWiki supports a simple syntax to create tables.

Heading 1	Heading 2	Heading 3
Row 1 Col 1	Row 1 Col 2	Row 1 Col 3
Row 2 Col 1	some colspan (note the double pipe)
Row 3 Col 1	Row 3 Col 2	Row 3 Col 3

Table rows have to start and end with a | for normal rows or a ^ for headers.

^ Heading 1      ^ Heading 2       ^ Heading 3          ^
| Row 1 Col 1    | Row 1 Col 2     | Row 1 Col 3        |
| Row 2 Col 1    | some colspan (note the double pipe) ||
| Row 3 Col 1    | Row 3 Col 2     | Row 3 Col 3        |

To connect cells horizontally, just make the next cell completely empty as shown above. Be sure to have always the same amount of cell separators!

Vertical tableheaders are possible, too.

	Heading 1	Heading 2
Heading 3	Row 1 Col 2	Row 1 Col 3
Heading 4	no colspan this time
Heading 5	Row 2 Col 2	Row 2 Col 3

As you can see, it's the cell separator before a cell which decides about the formatting:

|              ^ Heading 1            ^ Heading 2          ^
^ Heading 3    | Row 1 Col 2          | Row 1 Col 3        |
^ Heading 4    | no colspan this time |                    |
^ Heading 5    | Row 2 Col 2          | Row 2 Col 3        |

You can have rowspans (vertically connected cells) by adding ::: into the cells below the one to which they should connect.

Heading 1	Heading 2	Heading 3
Row 1 Col 1	this cell spans vertically	Row 1 Col 3
Row 2 Col 1		Row 2 Col 3
Row 3 Col 1		Row 2 Col 3

Apart from the rowspan syntax those cells should not contain anything else.

^ Heading 1      ^ Heading 2                  ^ Heading 3          ^
| Row 1 Col 1    | this cell spans vertically | Row 1 Col 3        |
| Row 2 Col 1    | :::                        | Row 2 Col 3        |
| Row 3 Col 1    | :::                        | Row 2 Col 3        |

You can align the table contents, too. Just add at least two whitespaces at the opposite end of your text: Add two spaces on the left to align right, two spaces on the right to align left and two spaces at least at both ends for centered text.

Table with alignment
right	center	left
left	right	center
xxxxxxxxxxxx	xxxxxxxxxxxx	xxxxxxxxxxxx

This is how it looks in the source:

^           Table with alignment           ^^^
|         right|    center    |left          |
|left          |         right|    center    |
| xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx | xxxxxxxxxxxx |

Note: Vertical alignment is not supported.

No Formatting

If you need to display text exactly like it is typed (without any formatting), enclose the area either with <nowiki> tags or even simpler, with double percent signs %%.

This is some text which contains addresses like this: http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done with it. The same is true for //__this__ text// with a smiley ;-).

<nowiki>
This is some text which contains addresses like this: http://www.splitbrain.org and **formatting**, but nothing is done with it.
</nowiki>
The same is true for %%//__this__ text// with a smiley ;-)%%.

Code Blocks

You can include code blocks into your documents by either indenting them by at least two spaces (like used for the previous examples) or by using the tags <code> or <file>.

This is text is indented by two spaces.

This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like              <-this

This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that you quoted a file.

Those blocks were created by this source:

  This is text is indented by two spaces.

<code>
This is preformatted code all spaces are preserved: like              <-this
</code>

<file>
This is pretty much the same, but you could use it to show that you quoted a file.
</file>

Syntax Highlighting

DokuWiki can highlight sourcecode, which makes it easier to read. It uses the GeSHi Generic Syntax Highlighter – so any language supported by GeSHi is supported. The syntax uses the same code and file blocks described in the previous section, but this time the name of the language syntax to be highlighted is included inside the tag, e.g. <code java> or <file java>.

/**
 * The HelloWorldApp class implements an application that
 * simply displays "Hello World!" to the standard output.
 */
class HelloWorldApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello World!"); //Display the string.
    }
}

The following language strings are currently recognized: 4cs 6502acme 6502kickass 6502tasm 68000devpac abap actionscript3 actionscript ada aimms algol68 apache applescript apt_sources arm asm asp asymptote autoconf autohotkey autoit avisynth awk bascomavr bash basic4gl batch bf biblatex bibtex blitzbasic bnf boo caddcl cadlisp ceylon cfdg cfm chaiscript chapel cil c_loadrunner clojure c_mac cmake cobol coffeescript c cpp cpp-qt cpp-winapi csharp css cuesheet c_winapi dart dcl dcpu16 dcs delphi diff div dos dot d ecmascript eiffel email epc e erlang euphoria ezt f1 falcon fo fortran freebasic freeswitch fsharp gambas gdb genero genie gettext glsl gml gnuplot go groovy gwbasic haskell haxe hicest hq9plus html html4strict html5 icon idl ini inno intercal io ispfpanel java5 java javascript jcl j jquery julia kixtart klonec klonecpp kotlin latex lb ldif lisp llvm locobasic logtalk lolcode lotusformulas lotusscript lscript lsl2 lua m68k magiksf make mapbasic mathematica matlab mercury metapost mirc mk-61 mmix modula2 modula3 mpasm mxml mysql nagios netrexx newlisp nginx nimrod nsis oberon2 objc objeck ocaml-brief ocaml octave oobas oorexx oracle11 oracle8 oxygene oz parasail parigp pascal pcre perl6 perl per pf phix php-brief php pic16 pike pixelbender pli plsql postgresql postscript povray powerbuilder powershell proftpd progress prolog properties providex purebasic pycon pys60 python qbasic qml q racket rails rbs rebol reg rexx robots roff rpmspec rsplus ruby rust sas sass scala scheme scilab scl sdlbasic smalltalk smarty spark sparql sql sshconfig standardml stonescript swift systemverilog tclegg tcl teraterm texgraph text thinbasic tsql twig typoscript unicon upc urbi uscript vala vbnet vb vbscript vedit verilog vhdl vim visualfoxpro visualprolog whitespace whois winbatch wolfram xbasic xml xojo xorg_conf xpp yaml z80 zxbasic

There are additional advanced options available for syntax highlighting, such as highlighting lines or adding line numbers.

Downloadable Code Blocks

When you use the <code> or <file> syntax as above, you might want to make the shown code available for download as well. You can do this by specifying a file name after language code like this:

<file php myexample.php>
<?php echo "hello world!"; ?>
</file>

myexample.php

<?php echo "hello world!"; ?>

If you don't want any highlighting but want a downloadable file, specify a dash (-) as the language code: <code - myfile.foo>.

RSS/ATOM Feed Aggregation

DokuWiki can integrate data from external XML feeds. For parsing the XML feeds, SimplePie is used. All formats understood by SimplePie can be used in DokuWiki as well. You can influence the rendering by multiple additional space separated parameters:

Parameter	Description
any number	will be used as maximum number items to show, defaults to 8
reverse	display the last items in the feed first
author	show item authors names
date	show item dates
description	show the item description. All HTML tags will be stripped
nosort	do not sort the items in the feed
n[dhm]	refresh period, where d=days, h=hours, m=minutes. (e.g. 12h = 12 hours).

The refresh period defaults to 4 hours. Any value below 10 minutes will be treated as 10 minutes. DokuWiki will generally try to supply a cached version of a page, obviously this is inappropriate when the page contains dynamic external content. The parameter tells DokuWiki to re-render the page if it is more than refresh period since the page was last rendered.

By default the feed will be sorted by date, newest items first. You can sort it by oldest first using the reverse parameter, or display the feed as is with nosort.

Example:

{{rss>http://slashdot.org/index.rss 5 author date 1h }}

Over 200 Economists Say 'We Must Act Now' On AI's Economic Impact by BeauHD (14/07/26 04:30 BST)
Microsoft Promises To Fix Search With Major Windows 11 Overhaul by BeauHD (14/07/26 00:00 BST)
US Government Warns That Russia State Hackers Are Coming After Your Router by BeauHD (13/07/26 23:00 BST)
German Firm Files For Insolvency After Cybercriminals Shut Down Production For 6 Weeks by BeauHD (13/07/26 22:12 BST)
States Sue to Block Paramount-Warner Bros Merger, Defying DOJ by BeauHD (13/07/26 21:00 BST)

Control Macros

Some syntax influences how DokuWiki renders a page without creating any output it self. The following control macros are availble:

Macro	Description
~~NOTOC~~	If this macro is found on the page, no table of contents will be created
~~NOCACHE~~	DokuWiki caches all output by default. Sometimes this might not be wanted (eg. when the <php> syntax above is used), adding this macro will force DokuWiki to rerender a page on every call

Syntax Plugins

DokuWiki's syntax can be extended by Plugins. How the installed plugins are used is described on their appropriate description pages. The following syntax plugins are available in this particular DokuWiki installation:

Blockquote Plugin 2020-09-27 by Anika Henke (previous author: Gina Haeussge)
Write quotations in a semantically correct way
Blog 2023-10-24 by Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Use DokuWiki as blogging tool. (previous authors: Esther Brunner)
catlist plugin 2023-12-16 by Félix Faisant
List pages and namespaces recursively
Changes Plugin 2023-12-14 by Andreas Gohr
List the most recent changes of the wiki
Cloud Plugin 2023-02-11 by Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Displays the most used words in a word cloud.
color syntax plugin 2022-10-19 by Harald Hanche-Olsen
Write colored text in DokuWiki.
Comment Syntax support 2022-01-01 by Satoshi Sahara
Allow to use source comment syntax to leave edit instructions of the page. Comments are visible only in the source view, not rendered as any page elements.
config:htmlok Plugin 2023-07-12 by Luis Machuca Bezzaza
Enables raw HTML like the old 'config:htmlok' behaviour.
discussion plugin 2025-07-04 by Michael Hamann, Gerrit Uitslag, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner, Matthias Schulte
Provides discussion funtionality for wiki pages
Encrypted Passwords Plugin 2023-12-20 by Andreas Gohr
This plugin let you store 256 bit AES encrypted passwords in your DokuWiki pages. The password can be decrypted by clicking them (Javascript must be enabled).
folded plugin 2023-07-22 by Michael Hamann, Fabian van-de-l_Isle, Christopher Smith, Esther Brunner
Foldable page sections
iframe plugin 2023-08-17 by Christopher Smith
Allows external URLs to be loaded into an iframe in your DokuWiki page.
include plugin 2025-07-22 by Michael Hamann, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner
Functions to include another page in a wiki page
Info Plugin 2020-06-04 by Andreas Gohr
Displays information about various DokuWiki internals
keyboard 2023-02-23 by Gina Häußge
The keyboard plugin provides a combined syntax and action plugin in order to markup text as keyboard keys, similar to (and making use of) the existing (X)HTML tag <kbd>…</kbd>. A quick button for the markup is automatically inserted into the toolbar of the edit form.
Lastmod Plugin 2016-02-03 by Dennis Ploeger
Displays the timestamp of the last modification of the current or another page.
log plugin 2019-02-27 by Adrian Lang
Provide simple logs
Note Plugin 2024-04-15 by Anael Mobilia
Add Note/Important/Tip/Warning Capability (DIV+CSS box)
nspages plugin 2024-11-22 by Guillaume Turri
Presents a toc of the selected namespace using <nspages>
Numbered Headings 2023-09-12 by Satoshi Sahara
Prepend tiered numbers as indexes for hierarchical headings
orphanswanted plugin 2023-05-30 by Doug Edmunds, Cyrille37, Federico Ariel Castagnini, Andy Webber, Matthias Schulte, Christian Paul, alexdraconian
Display Orphans, Wanteds and Valid link tables
Pagelist Plugin 2023-08-27 by Matthias Schulte, Michael Hamann, Michael Klier, Gina Haeussge
Lists pages in a nice formatted way
PageQuery Plugin 2025-03-04 by Mark C. Prins, previously Symon Bent
Search for (fulltext) and list wiki pages, sorted and optionally grouped by name, date, creator, abc, etc. in columns. Insert the pagequery markup wherever you want your list to appear. E.g.{{pagequery>[query;fulltext;sort=key:direction,key2:direction;group;limit=??;cols=?;inwords;proper]}} [..] = optional
tabbox plugin 2018-04-29 by Andreas Gohr
Insert a tabbed box in a page
Tag Plugin 2023-10-17 by Michael Hamann, Gina Häussge, Christopher Smith, Michael Klier, Esther Brunner
tag wiki pages
ToDo 2025-08-26 by Leo Eibler, Christian Marg, Markus Gschwendt, Robert Weinmeister
Create a checkbox based todo list with optional user assignment (basic syntax: <todo>This is a ToDo</todo>). It can also be used as a lightweight task list management system.
Wrap Plugin 2023-08-13 by Anika Henke
Universal plugin which combines functionalities of many other plugins. Wrap wiki text inside containers (divs or spans) and give them a class (choose from a variety of preset classes), a width and/or a language with its associated text direction.

¹⁾

This is a footnote

²⁾

when the aspect ratio of the given width and height doesn't match that of the image, it will be cropped to the new ratio before resizing

Explorations

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:42:09 +0000

←AllStar Linking

Explorations

Digging Deeper into Allstar

I've seen a few examples of small networks and am interested in building up a mixed protocol system too.

Some examples that interested me:

Milnet http://milnet.io/ with Allstar connected nodes and a DMR bridge
- Allstar node status http://stats.allstarlink.org/nodeinfo.cgi?node=424611
W2YMM https://w2ymm.home.blog/allstar-howto/ with a group of connected gateways, repeaters and a bridge to DMR etc.
- This one was discovered by accident on Allstar's Portal I mistyped my own original base node ID (pre-NNX) 48148 as 48418 and found his system with lots of information on his blog

Adding more nodes

It's possible to have up to 10 individual Node IDs with a single Allstar node number, by using NNX to add a 6th digit to the base node number…

My Base Number is 48148 and I activated the NNX feature and created 3 nodes

481480
481481
481482

Since they are all behind a NAT firewall, sharing one public IP address the nodes must use different UDP ports. To make this possible I created 2 new Server instances on the Allstar Portal, one per node, and chose the UDP ports :

https://www.allstarlink.org/portal/servers.php

node481480 ⇒ UDP 4569
node481481 ⇒ UDP 4570
node481482 ⇒ UDP 4571

The choice of which server is used per node is chosen on the Node configuration page for each node, on the Allstar Portal

https://www.allstarlink.org/portal/nodes.php

Then I flashed new SD cards for the new nodes using the ASL 2.0.0 Beta 6 image I've used for the initial VHF Gateway node.

https://github.com/AllStarLink/ASL-Live-Build/releases/download/2.0.0-beta.6/asl-2.0.0-beta.6-kc1kcc-20210324-raspberrypi-armhf.img.zip

The config. for the original node had to be changed, to reflect the new node number 481480 versus 48148 which means editing (at least)

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf
/etc/asterisk/iax.conf
/etc/asterisk.extensions.conf

To ensure each internal LAN node can find each other (can't rely on Allstar's DNS) it's necessary to add each one to the [nodes] stanza in each node's config file /etc/asterisk/rpt.conf using the appropriate IP and UDP port depending on which node is being configured.

; from the VHF Gateway node 481480
[nodes]
481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE      

481481 = radio@192.168.21.241:4570/481481,NONE  

481482 = radio@192.168.21.242:4571/481482,NONE

I added the DVSwitch bridging to the hub node 481481 which is configured as radioless, I made a local/private node on that machine 1399 for this purpose.

All 3 nodes have supermon and this needed some configuration to make sure the Asterisk Manager ports were available on their external interfaces bindaddr = 0.0.0.0 and not just on the loopback bindaddr = 127.0.0.1

/etc/asterisk/manager.conf ⇒

;
; Asterisk Call Management support
;

; By default asterisk will listen on localhost only.
[general]
enabled = yes
port = 5038
bindaddr = 0.0.0.0

[admin]
secret = YOUR_MANAGER_PASSWORD
read = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config
write = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config

Port Forwarding

My ADSL router has the following port forwards to allow external incoming connections to be set up

UDP 4569 ⇒ 192.168.21.240 for the VHF Gateway / Echolink node
UDP 4570 ⇒ 192.168.21.241 for the DMR Bridge node
UDP 4571 ⇒ 192.168.21.242 for the Test Node
UDP 5198-5199 ⇒ 192.168.21.240 for Echolink client connections
TCP 42110 ⇒ 192.168.21.240 for the VHF Gateway/Echolink node's Dashboard
- http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110
TCP 42111 ⇒ 192.168.21.241 for the DMR Bridge node's Dashboard
- http://gm4slv.plus.com:42111
TCP 42112 ⇒ 192.168.21.242 for the Test node's Dashboard
- http://gm4slv.plus.com:42112

To allow the node numbers to be resolved to useful names tp display on the dashboards the script astdb.php should run nightly to maintain a lookup table.

The image came with several copies of astdb.php in different places, all updating a central data file /var/log/asterisk/astdb.txt. Which was confusing, as they all looked in different places for the file detailing private nodes.

Private Node Names

To allow private node numbers to appear as useful information, rather than not in database you first put the information in a file privatenodes.txt

1399|GM4SLV|Bridge to DMR|TGIF TG2354429
1398|GM4SLV|Bridge to DMR|TGIF TG2354435

and then the astdb.php script pulls it in, with all the other nodes downloaded from the web, but astdb.php must know where to find the privatenodes.txt file.

The easiest way is to run the astdb.php from the directory containing privatenodes.txt

and therefore it's the copy in /var/www/html/supermon/ that is used, since privatenodes.txt resides here too.

To automate the process the update is done nightly via /etc/cron.daily/allstar_helpers which was modified to point to the correct version of astdb.php

#!/bin/bash
 
 
# Get new allmon data daily
/var/www/html/supermon/astdb.php

Semi-automated Private Node descriptions

I've written a small bash script on the gateway node481480.local to make it easier to re-name the internal “private nodes” as they appear listed in Supermon
for this to work it's necessary to arrange public-key authentication on the nodes, with passwordless logins. But that's normal, anyway, no?

#!/bin/bash
 
NODE1=node481480.local
NODE2=node481481.local
NODE3=node481482.local
WEB=/var/www/html/supermon/
 
PRIVATE_NODES=/home/gm4slv/privatenodes.txt
 
 
sudo cp $PRIVATE_NODES $WEB
sudo $WEB/astdb.php
 
 
scp $PRIVATE_NODES gm4slv@$NODE2:
ssh $NODE2 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/privatenodes.txt /var/www/html/supermon/ && /var/www/html/supermon/astdb.php'
 
 
scp $PRIVATE_NODES gm4slv@$NODE3:
ssh $NODE3 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/privatenodes.txt /var/www/html/supermon/ && /var/www/html/supermon/astdb.php'

Just make changes to the privatenodes.txt file in my local directory on the gateway node481480 and then run

gm4slv@node481480:~$ ./update_private.sh
Success: astdb.txt 1422647 bytes
privatenodes.txt                              100%   79    39.0KB/s   00:00
Success: astdb.txt 1422647 bytes
privatenodes.txt                              100%   79    24.9KB/s   00:00
Success: astdb.txt 1422647 bytes

Favourites

to keep the favorites.ini file consistent on all nodes I've written a script that distributes a copy to all nodes
I edit the copy in my home directory on node481480 and run

./update_favorites.sh

#!/bin/bash
# update_favorites.sh
# a script to keep the supermon favorites.ini file synchronized on all nodes
 
NODE1=node481480.local
NODE2=node481481.local
NODE3=node481482.local
WEB=/var/www/html/supermon/
 
FAVORITES=/home/gm4slv/favorites.ini
 
sudo cp $FAVORITES $WEB
 
scp $FAVORITES gm4slv@$NODE2:
ssh $NODE2 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/favorites.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'
 
scp $FAVORITES gm4slv@$NODE3:
ssh $NODE3 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/favorites.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'

Supermon : allmon.ini

The nodes monitored, and the menu to select them, and external websites, on each node's Supermon Dashboard is configured by allmon.ini

Here's the current version:

Generic /var/www/html/supermon/allmon.ini

[All Nodes]
nodes = 481480,481481,481482,1399,1398
menu = yes
system = Nodes
 
[481480]
host = 192.168.21.240:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
system = Nodes
 
[481481]
host = 192.168.21.241:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
system = Nodes
 
[481482]
host = 192.168.21.242:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
system = Nodes
 
[1399]
host = 192.168.21.241:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = yes
system = Nodes
 
[1398]
host = 192.168.21.242:5038
user = admin
passwd = "XXXX"
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = yes
system = Nodes
 
[lsNodes 481480]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481480"
menu = yes
system = LsNodes
 
[lsNodes 481481]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42111/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481481"
menu = yes
system = LsNodes
 
[lsNodes 481482]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42112/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481482"
menu = yes
system = LsNodes
 
[Node 481840]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110/"
menu = yes
system = Dashboards
 
[Node 481841]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42111/"
menu = yes
system = Dashboards
 
[Node 481842]
url = "http://gm4slv.plus.com:42112/"
menu = yes
system = Dashboards
 
[GM4SLV Wiki]
url = "https://gm4slv.org.uk/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=start"
menu = yes
system = External Sites
 
[Echolink Link Status]
url = "https://echolink.org/links.jsp?d=1&gs=IP90gg&sel=gridsq"
menu = yes
system = External Sites
 
[TGIF]
url = "https://tgif.network/"
menu = yes
system = External Sites
 
[AllStarLink]
url = "http://www.allstarlink.org"
menu = yes
system = External Sites

I've also made it easy to distribute the same allmon.ini file to all nodes

#!/bin/bash
# update_allmon.sh
# a script to distribute a common supermon config to all nodes
 
NODE1=node481480.local
NODE2=node481481.local
NODE3=node481482.local
WEB=/var/www/html/supermon/
 
ALLMON=/home/gm4slv/allmon.ini
 
sudo cp $ALLMON $WEB
 
scp $ALLMON gm4slv@$NODE2:
ssh $NODE2 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/allmon.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'
 
scp $ALLMON gm4slv@$NODE3:
ssh $NODE3 'sudo cp /home/gm4slv/allmon.ini /var/www/html/supermon/'

Node Callsigns instead of Numbers

To have the telemetry say the callsign of a connected node, instead of its node number, install the script write_node_callsigns_ulaw.sh

I put it in /usr/local/bin/ and run it via root's crontab each day - but via a wrapper script /usr/local/bin/update_names.sh that then deletes the ulaw sound file for my own nodes, as I don't want all of them to be announced as GM4SLV - I'd rather hear the actual node numbers:

#!/bin/bash
 
/usr/local/bin/write_node_callsigns_ulaw.sh
 
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/481480.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/481481.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/1399.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/1398.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/48148.ulaw
rm /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/481482.ulaw

I forget where I found it, so here's the write_node script itself

write_node_callsigns_ulaw.sh

#!/bin/bash
#
#  Created by Marshall Dias
#  Modified by Doug, WA3DSP 8/18/2015
#
# using ULAW format
#
# Script to write Calls to /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# which will then be used in place of node numbers. This script
# will NOT overwrite exisitng files unless you use the -o option.
# If you want to start clean and delete all nodename files do
#    rm -rf /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/*
# or delete just the files you want to replace.
#
# A single node number can be specified on the command line with
# the -n node -ex. -n 40000
#
# A -v option gives a little more info
 
# See all comments below
 
# Set the source directory to the Allstar database on your system.
# 'locate astdb.php'  This file will exist if you are running any of the
# images from hamvoip.org or you have installed allmon or lsnodes on
# your system. For the BBB and RPi2 it will generally be /var/log/asterisk
 
SRCDIR=/var/log/asterisk
#SRCDIR=/var/www/html/allmon
 
# Set the destination directory.
# Use a tmp directory for testing
# The final destination for Allstar would be
# /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# Use the -d path option to overide
 
DESTDIR=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# Test destination directory - must exist
#DESTDIR=/tmp/nodes
 
# Definitions of sound file directories
 
NODENAMES=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
LETTERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/letters
NUMBERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/digits
STRING=""
 
usage()
{
cat << EOF
 
Usage: $0 options
 
Writes voice files of call signs from node numbers
 
OPTIONS:
   -h        Show this message
   -o        Overwrite existings file(s)
   -n node   Specify node number - single write
   -d path   Specify path to output files
             Default: /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
   -v        Verbose
 
Write callsign for node 40000, no overwrite -
 
  $0 -n 40000
 
Write callsign for node 40000, overwrite -
 
  $0 -on 40000
 
Write all callsigns, no overwrite -
 
  $0
 
Write all callsigns, overwrite
 
  $0 -o
 
Write single node to specific directory -
 
  $0 -n 40000 -d /etc/asterisk/local
 
 
EOF
}
 
OVERWRITE=""
VERBOSE=""
 
while getopts "hovn:d:" OPTION
do
     case $OPTION in
         h)
             usage
             exit 1
             ;;
         d)
             DESTDIR=$OPTARG
             ;;
         o)
             OVERWRITE=1
             ;;
         n)
             node=$OPTARG
             ;;
         v)
             VERBOSE=1
             ;;
         ?)
             usage
             exit
             ;;
     esac
done
 
# Form filenames from callsign
make_call ()
{
 STRING=""
 foo=${f2,,}
 for (( i=0; i<${#foo}; i++ )); do
  char=${foo:$i:1}
 
                case ${foo:$i:1} in
                [0-9]*) FILENAME=$NUMBERS/$char.ulaw ;;
                "/") FILENAME=$LETTERS/slash.ulaw ;;
                "-") FILENAME=$LETTERS/dash.ulaw ;;
                [a-z]*|[A-Z]*) FILENAME=$LETTERS/$char.ulaw ;;
                esac
STRING="$STRING $FILENAME"
done
}
 
# Concatenate filenames into final audio file
write_call ()
{
if [ ! $OVERWRITE ]
 then
   if [ -f "$DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw" ]
     then
        echo "$DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw exists - not overwriting"
        return
   fi
fi
echo "Writing $DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw"
cat $STRING > "$DESTDIR/$f1.ulaw"
}
 
# If no node given process all nodes
if [ -z "$node" ]
then
  while IFS='|' read f1 f2 f3 f4
  do
    if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $f1 - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
    make_call
    write_call
  done < $SRCDIR/astdb.txt
else
# process just given node
  CALL=`grep -m 1 $node $SRCDIR/astdb.txt`
  if [ -z "$CALL" ]
    then
      echo "No Call found for node - $1"
      exit
    else
      f2=`echo $CALL | awk -F"|" '{print $2}'`
  fi
  f1=$node
  if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $node - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
  make_call
  write_call
fi

There's a version that uses GSM coded files which didn't work on my system, as all the numbers and letters are in ulaw format, but for completeness here's the gsm version

write_node_callsigns.sh

# !/bin/bash
#
#  write_node_callsigns.sh v0.8
#
#  Doug, WA3DSP 8/18/2015
#  Portions by Marshall Dias
#
# Script to write Calls to /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# which will then be used in place of node numbers. This script
# will NOT overwrite exisitng files unless you use the -o option.
# If you want to start clean and delete all nodename files do
#    rm -rf /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames/*
# or delete just the files you want to replace.
#
# A single node number can be specified on the command line with
# the -n node -ex. -n 40000
#
# A -v option gives a little more info   
#
# v 0.7 - removed level changing as this is accomplished in 
#         global telemetry level parameters. Files should
#         stay at nominal levels.
 
# V 0.8 - added code to ignore semicolon comments.  6/5/2020, WA3DSP
 
# See all comments below
 
# Set the source directory to the Allstar database on your system.
# 'locate astdb.php'  This file will exist if you are running any of the
# images from hamvoip.org or you have installed allmon or lsnodes on
# your system. For the BBB and RPi2 it will generally be /var/log/asterisk
 
SRCDIR=/var/log/asterisk
 
# Set the destination directory. 
# Use a tmp directory for testing
# The final destination for Allstar would be 
# /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
# Use the -d path option to overide
 
DESTDIR=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames 
# Test destination directory - must exist
#DESTDIR=/tmp/nodes
 
# Definitions of sound file directories
 
RPTSOUNDS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt
NODENAMES=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
LETTERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/letters
NUMBERS=/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/digits
STRING=""
 
 
usage()
{
cat << EOF
 
write_node_callsigns.sh v0.8
Usage: write_node_callsigns.sh options
 
Writes Asterisk Allstar voice files of call signs from node numbers
 
OPTIONS:
 
   -h        Show this message
   -a        Process all nodes
   -i        Include node number with call
   -o        Overwrite existing file(s)
   -n node   Process single node (overrides -a)
   -d path   Specify path to output files
             Default: /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
   -v        Verbose
 
Write callsign for node 40000, no overwrite, all nodes -
    $0 -n 40000
Write callsign for node 40000, overwrite, all nodes -
    $0 -on 40000
Write all callsigns, no overwrite -
    $0 -a
Write all callsigns, overwrite
    $0 -ao
Write single node to specific directory -
    $0 -n 40000 -d /etc/asterisk/local
Write single node including both call and node number, overwrite
    $0 -ion 40000
 
EOF
}
 
OVERWRITE=""
VERBOSE=""
INCNODE=""
VOLUME=""
 
if [ $# -eq 0 ];
then
    usage
    exit 0
fi
 
if [ ! -e $SRCDIR/astdb.txt ]
then
  echo "$SRCDIR/astdb.txt not found - Be sure to point SRCDIR in script to file location."
  exit
fi
 
while getopts "hail:ovn:d:" OPTION
do
     case $OPTION in
         h)
             usage
             exit 1
             ;;
	 a)  ;;
	 d)
	     DESTDIR=$OPTARG
	     ;;
	 i)
	     INCNODE=1
	     ;;
         o)  
	     OVERWRITE=1
             ;;
         n)
             node=$OPTARG
             ;;
         v)
             VERBOSE=1
             ;;
         ?)
             usage
             exit
             ;;
     esac
done
 
# Form filenames from callsign
make_call ()
{
 foo=${1,,}
 for (( i=0; i<${#foo}; i++ )); do
  char=${foo:$i:1}
 
                case ${foo:$i:1} in
                [0-9]*) FILENAME=$NUMBERS/$char.gsm ;;
                "/") FILENAME=$LETTERS/slash.gsm ;;
                "-") FILENAME=$LETTERS/dash.gsm ;;
                [a-z]*|[A-Z]*) FILENAME=$LETTERS/$char.gsm ;;
                esac
STRING="$STRING $FILENAME"
done
}
 
# Concatenate filenames into final audio file
write_call ()
{
if [ ! $OVERWRITE ]
 then
   if [ -f "$DESTDIR/$f1.gsm" ]
     then
        echo "$DESTDIR/$f1.gsm exists - not overwriting"
	return
   fi
fi
 
echo "Writing $DESTDIR/$f1.gsm"
    cat $STRING > $DESTDIR/$f1.gsm
}
 
# If no node given process all nodes
if [ -z "$node" ]
then
  Total=0
  while IFS='|' read f1 f2 f3 f4
  do      
    if [[ $f1 =~ ^\; ]]; then continue ; fi
    if [ -z $f1 ]; then continue ; fi
    if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $f1 - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
    ((Total=Total+1))
    STRING=""
    make_call $f2
# Test for including node number 
   if [ $INCNODE ]
    then
     STRING=$STRING" $RPTSOUNDS/node.gsm "
     make_call $f1
    fi
    write_call
  done < $SRCDIR/astdb.txt
  echo -e "\nProcessed $Total Nodes\n"
else
# process just given node (-n node)
  CALL=`grep -m 1 $node $SRCDIR/astdb.txt`
  if [ -z "$CALL" ]
    then
      echo "No Call found for node - $1"
      exit
    else
      f2=`echo $CALL | awk -F"|" '{print $2}'`
  fi
  f1=$node
  if [ $VERBOSE ]; then echo "Processing Node Number: $node - Callsign: $f2" ; fi
  STRING=""
  make_call $f2
# Test for including node number  
  if [ $INCNODE ]
  then
    STRING=$STRING" $RPTSOUNDS/node.gsm "
    make_call $f1
  fi
  write_call
fi

I only have this on the node that's my VHF Gateway 481480

Nodes Created

See : The Nodes

Accessing remotely via IAX

See IAX Remote Access

Morse / Speech IDs

See Over the air ID

Bridges

DMR : DMR Bridging
NXDN : NXDN Bridging

Configs

— John Pumford-Green 05/06/25 22:30 BST

Further Information

radio, allstar, dvswitch, dmr, echolink

DM41X Matrix

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 08 Feb 2026 08:26:58 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X Matrix

Matrix functions in the Advantage Pac

Background

The matrix functionality isn't a standalone program, with a menu, like CFIT and PLY.

It's a collection of individual programs that can be used for many matrix tasks. Each one has to be called individually as needed.

There are many commands, the most used are those for

Dimensioning a new matrix MATDIM
Editing a matrix to enter values - there are 2 versions
- Real Matrix MEDIT
- Complex Matrix CMEDIT
Inverting a matrix MINV
Transposing a matrix TRNPS
Finding the determinant MDET
Multiplying two matrices together M*M
Solving a system of equations defined by 2 matrices MSYS

Shortcuts to Matrix Commands

To make things easier it's best to use the DM41X CST custom command shortcut mechanism.

Start with a blank CST and add the commands you need. Then save this CST so that it's easy to switch to other CST setups, and then return to the Matrix setup later.

I have the following

A	`MATDIM`	I
B	`MEDIT`	J
C	`CMEDIT`	K
D	`MINV`	L
E	`M*M`	M	`ZK?YN`
F	`MDET`	N	`EMDIR`
G	`TRNPS`	O	`EMDIRX`
H	`MSYS`	P	`PURFL`

Matrices are saved in Extended Memory, and I put commands in CST to find and remove them once I'm finished: EMDIR, EMDIRX and PURFL and I have ZK?YN to quickly access DM41X 41z Module complex number functions (assuming the module is plugged-in).

Basic Workflow

All matrix addressing is done via the ALPHA register

Dimension a new Matrix

Put the name of the matrix in the ALPHA register.
- Use single letters A, B, C etc. - these will create the matrix in Extended Memory
- ALPHA A ALPHA
Put the dimensions in the X register
- this is in the form r.ccc with 3 decimal places for the column
- for a 3×3 : 3.003 (3 rows, 3 columns)
- for a 4×2 : 4.002 (4 rows, 2 columns)
- 3.003
  - puts the dimensions in the X register ready for MATDIM to assign to the matrix named in ALPHA
Execute the MATDIM command from the CST menu A
- CST A
- This creates matrix A in extended memory

Populate a new Matrix

Populate the matrix with values using MEDIT from the CST menu B

For a 3×3 matrix

| 1 1 -1 | | 4 6 6 | | 1 8 9 |

CST B
1:1= 1R/S
1:2= 1R/S
1:3= 1CHSR/S
2:1= 4R/S
2:2= 6R/S
2:3= 6R/S
3:1= 1R/S
3:2= 8R/S
3:3= 9R/S

Determinant

With A still in the ALPHA register use the MDET command from the CST menu F

CST F
-50.000

Matrix A will now be in LU Decomposition form.
It can be used in this form for some other functions, but it's possible to get it back to normal form by Inverting twice using MINV from CST menu D
- CST D
- CST D
- You can check the element values by using MEDIT again, but just cycling through each with R/S and not changing any values
  - it's possible to set flag 08 which prevents any changes to values

Multiplication

Using M*M

For matrix multiplication you need 3 matrix definitions:

Matrix A and Matrix B are the two matrices to be multiplied
- Matrix A and Matrix B are dimensioned with MATDIM and populated with MEDIT
Matrix C is the matrix to hold the result
- Matrix C is simply dimensioned with MATDIM and will be filled automatically by the function M*M

To multiply two matrices together they must have the correct dimensions

Columns in A must equal Rows in B
Results matrix C will have the dimensions Rows of A x Columns of B

Create Matrix A

Follow the same procedure as above.

Make sure ALPHA has only the letter A

A different numerical example

A will be a 3×2 matrix

use MATDIM via CST menu
- 3.002 CSTA

| 2 3 | | 4 5 | | 7 6 |

Use MEDIT via CST menu
- CST B
- 1:1= 2R/S
- 1:2= 3R/S
- 2:1= 4R/S
- 2:2= 5R/S
- 3:1= 7R/S
- 3:2= 6R/S

Create Matrix B

B will be a 2×2 matrix

Make sure ALPHA only has B and then dimension B with MATDIM from CST menu A

ALPHA B ALPHA
2.002 CSTA

| 2 3 | | 4 5 |

* Use MEDIT via CST menu

CST B
1:1= 2R/S
1:2= 3R/S
2:1= 4R/S
2:2= 5R/S

We now have defined the matrices to be multiplied together.

Create Matrix C

We need a results matrix C

The dimensions of C will be rows of A and columns of B which is 3 rows and 2 columns : 3.002

Make sure ALPHA only has C and dimension C with MATDIM from CST menu A

ALPHA C ALPHA
3.002 CSTA

That's enough to create the results matrix

Multiply the matrices

Put the matrix names in ALPHA in the form Matrix 1,Matrix2,Results Matrix
- ALPHA = A,B,C
ALPHA A , B , CALPHA
Execute M*M from the CST menu
- CST E
C will now hold the answer

View the result

Put C in the ALPHA register
ALPHA C ALPHA
Use MEDIT from the CST menu and cycle through the elements (it's a 3×2 matrix)
CST B
- 1:1= 16.000? R/S
- 1:2= 21.000? R/S
- 2:1= 28.000? R/S
- 2:2= 37.000? R/S
- 3:1= 38.000? R/S
- 3:2= 51.000? R/S

The result in C is

| 16 21 | | 28 37 | | 38 51 |

System of Equations

A simple example first

Set of Equations

3 unknowns

3x + 4y + 6z = 39.7 2x - 4y - 3z = -7.0 y + 8z = 63.4

Matrix representation

Matrix A

| 3 4 6 | | 2 -4 -3 | | 0 1 8 |

Dimensions 3.003

Matrix B

| 39.7 | | -7.0 | | 63.4 |

Dimensions 3.001

Simultaneous Equations represented in Matrix Form

|A| x |C| = |B| | 3 4 6 | | x | | 39.7 | | 2 -4 -3 | x | y | = | -7.0 | | 0 1 8 | | z | | 63.4 |

Create Matrix A

ALPHA A ALPHA
3.003 CST A (MATDIM)
CST B (MEDIT)
- 1:1= 3 R/S
- 1:2= 4 R/S
- 1:3= 6 R/S
- 2:1= 2 R/S
- 2:2= 4 CHS R/S
- 2:3= 3 CHS R/S
- 3:1= 0R/S
- 3:2= 1R/S
- 3:3= 8R/S

Create Matrix B

ALPHA B ALPHA
3.001 CST A (MATDIM)
CST B (MEDIT)
- 1:1= 39.7 R/S
- 2:1= 7 CHS R/S
- 3:1= 63.4 R/S

Run MSYS

Put A,B in ALPHA
- ALPHA A , B ALPHA
Run MSYS - the solution matrix for x, y and z will be placed in Matrix B
- CST H

Examine Matrix B

Put B in ALPHA
- ALPHA B ALPHA
Run MEDIT from CST menu
- CST B (MEDIT)
  - 1:1= 1.500 'R/S/
  - 2:1= -3.800 R/S
  - 3:1= 8.400 'R/S

The solution

x = 1.5 y = -3.8 z = 8.4

Matrix A

A is now in LU-decomposed format
It can be restored to normal by Inverting Twice
Put A in ALPHA
Run MINV via CST menu twice
- CST D CST D
A is now back to normal and can be inspected and edited by MEDIT via the CST menu

Another way to solve a system

Instead of the MSYS function you could do it manually by entering Matrix A and Matrix B, and define Matrix C such that

A X C = B

C = B / A

C = A* X B where A* is Inverse A

Create Matrix C with dimensions 3.001 in the usual way then and do:

Put A in ALPHA
Invert A using MINV from CST menu (A is replaced by its inverse)
Put A,B,C in ALPHA
Multiply using M*M
- this multiplies B by the inverse of A which is effectively dividing B by the original A
C now contains the solutions for x, y and z
Put C in ALPHA
Examine C with MEDIT
- 1:1= 1.500 R/S
- 2:1= -3.800 R/S
- 3:1= 8.400 R/s
This preserves B unlike the MSYS method.
The Inverse of A can be reversed by repeating MINV with A in ALPHA
We can even run M*M on A and C to re-create B
- Put A,C,B in ALPHA
- Run M*M from CST menu
- B will be re-created

The Complex Matrix

It is possible to define, edit and carry out operations with matrices containing Complex Numbers.

The matrix is defined with twice as many rows and columns as appears necessary, and edited with the function CMEDIT, in CST menu C

Example Definition

| 1+j2 5+j6 | | 3+j4 7+j8 |

Two rows and two columns 2×2 containing complex numbers, so the definition/dimension is 4.004

The numbers are actually saved as if in a larger real matrix as

| 1 -2 5 -6 | | 2 1 6 5 | | 3 -4 7 -8 | | 4 3 8 7 |

The entry is via CMEDIT via CST menu C, which asks for each Real and Imaginary part in turn

ALPHA A ALPHA
4.004 CST A
CST C
- RE. 1:1= 1 R/S
- IM. 1:1= 2 R/S
- RE. 1:2= 5 R/S
- IM. 1:2= 6 R/S
- RE. 2:1= 3 R/S
- IM. 2:1= 4 R/S
- RE. 2:2= 7 R/S
- IM. 2:2= 8 R/S

Multiplication of Complex Matrices

Create a second matrix

Matrix B of size 2×1 which can be multiplied by A as A x B

| 3+j4 | | 2+j6 |

Dimension second matrix

This is dimensioned as double the basic size of 2×1 : 4.002 and then populated with CMEDIT

ALPHA B ALPHA
4.002 CST A
CST C
- RE. 1:1= 3 R/S
- IM. 1:1= 4 R/S
- RE. 2:1= 2 R/S
- IM. 2:1= 6 R/S

Create a result matrix

Matrix 'C' which will be also be a 2×1 complex with dimension :4.002

ALPHA C ALPHA
4.002 CST A

Multiply A X B = C

ALPHA A , B , C ALPHA
CST E

Inspect Result Matrix C

ALPHA C
CST C
- RE. 1:1= -31.000 R/S
- IM. 1:1= 52.000 R/S
- RE. 2:1= -41.000 R/S
- IM. 2:1= 82.000 R/S

The result matrix is therefore

| -31+j52 | | -41+j82 |

Which agrees with my long-hand calculation (thanks to DM41X 41z Module )

|(1+j2).(3+j4) + (5+j6).(2+j6)| |(3+J4).(3+J4) + (7+J8).(2+J6)|

| (-5+j10) + (-26+j42) | | (-7+j24) + (-34+j58) |

| -31+j52 | | -41+j82 |

Systems of Complex Equations....

Once you can enter and manipulate Complex Matrices you can also use MSYS to solve systems with complex matrices in the same way as usual - the only difference is entering the matrices as Complex.

Clearing Up Extended Memory

After creating and manipulating (and some finger trouble) there will be a bunch of files in Extended Memory.

Most will be simple matrix definitions with obvious names A, B, C etc. but occasionally you'll accidentally have run MATDIM with some nonsense in the ALPHA register and created a nonsensical filename in extended memory, which it's tricky to spell out correctly in ALPHA in order to run PURLF - this is where EMDIRX comes in.

To simplify clearing up I include EMDIR, EMDIRX and PURFL in the CST menu.

Assuming you have other files in Extended Memory, the quickest way is to find the number of files in EM with EMDIR.

Run EMDIR from CST menu
- CST N
Count the files to find the number of the first file you've created using MATDIM - i.e. the first one after your other EM files
Put this number in x
Run EMDIRX from CST menu
- CST O
- this puts the name of the specified-numbered file in ALPHA and means you don't have to type it in yourself
Run PURFL from CST menu to delete this filename
- CST P
Run EMDIRX again (with the same number in X)
- If X returns as non-zero we've found another junk-matrix file in EM and ALPHA will have its name
- Run PURFL again
Keep doing this until EMDIRX returns 0.00 in X which means there are no more files to delete
- all your original files are still safe, as they are numbered below the number we were searching for

Further Information

calculator, dm41x

DokuWiki Tweaks

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 15:02:31 +0000

←Dokuwiki

DokuWiki Tweaks

Hide Revisions and Page Source for not-ADMIN in Users

Edit ../lib/tpl/monobook/conf/tabs.php to add the check of AUTH_ADMIN for the tabs for Page Source and Revisions

            if(!empty($INFO["exists"])){
                $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"] = $lang["btn_edit"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
            }else{
                $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"] = $lang["btn_create"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
            }
        }
    }elseif (actionOK("source") && (auth_quickaclcheck($ID) == AUTH_ADMIN)){ //check if action is disabled and also that AUTH_ADMIN is logged in
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["text"]      = $lang["btn_source"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-edit"]["accesskey"] = "E";
    }
 
 
    //old versions/revisions tab
    if (!empty($INFO["exists"]) &&
            actionOK("revisions")
        && (auth_quickaclcheck($ID) == AUTH_ADMIN)) // check AUTH_ADMIN is logged in to see old revisions
        { //check if action is disabled
        //ATTENTION: "ca-history" is used as css id selector!
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["text"]      = $lang["btn_revs"]; //language comes from DokuWiki core
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["href"]      = wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "revisions"), false, "&");
        $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["accesskey"] = "O";
        if ($ACT === "revisions"){ //$ACT comes from DokuWiki core
            $_monobook_tabs["ca-history"]["class"] = "selected";
        }

Include / Blog "Read More..."

The default is for a “read more…” link to be placed at the extreme right of the page - which is not ideal when using Monobook template.

I found the css setting that controls the position of “read more…” in ../lib/plugins/include/style.css

div.dokuwiki p.include_readmore {
  text-align: right;
}

changing it to

div.dokuwiki p.include_readmore {
  text-align: left;
}

solved the problem and “read more…” is now on the left, directly at the point that the eyes get to when reading a post on the main blog index page.

To prevent this being overwritten on updates I found it works to put the same stanza in ../conf/userstyle.css which should keep it safe…

Vector / Monobook tweaks

I like the Vector and Monobook templates, very similar feel to Wikipedia

Logout errors with later versions of Dokuwiki

After upgrading Dokuwiki to Igor it became impossible to log out due to a warning

Security Token did not match. Possible CSRF attack.

I initially ignored it but then downgraded back to Hogfather as there seemed to be no fix - other than to use a different template.

I recently upgraded to the latest Dokuwiki (Jack Jackrum), and upgraded all plugins and templates where possible. However the problem with logout with Vector and Monobook re-appeared.

I found there was a fix described on the forum:

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/20248-security-token-did-not-match-possible-csrf-attack-cannot-log-out

and the cure is to edit the appropriate line in main.php for each template, as the author seems not to be maintaining these templates any more, at least not the official ones accessed via Dokuwiki's Template/Extension installer. The github repository shows that the fix has been applied to Vector, and a pull request submitted to fix Monobook, the fixes haven't appeared in the official versions.

The does work, though…

For Vector edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/vector/main.php to add , 'sectok' ⇒ getSecurityToken() in the array statement after “do” ⇒ “logout”

 echo  "      <li id=\"pt-logout\"><a href=\"".wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "logout", 'sectok' => getSecurityToken()))."\" rel=\"nofollow\">".hsc($lang["btn_logout"])."</a></li>\n"; //language comes from DokuWiki core

and the same for Monobook

 echo  "          <li id=\"pt-logout\"><a href=\"".wl(cleanID(getId()), array("do" => "logout", 'sectok' => getSecurityToken()))."\" rel=\"nofollow\">".hsc($lang["btn_logout"])."</a></li>\n"; //language comes from DokuWiki core

Monospace font

I found the style applied to monospace text was a little underwhelming.

I found the place to change it:

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/{vector|monobook}/user/screen.css

add the the following and adjust as needed:

div#content .dokuwiki code {
  font-size: 100%;
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
  background-color: #eee;
  color: #00f;
  direction: ltr;
  text-align: left;
}

Footer Buttons

Remove the default footer buttons by editing {vector|monobook}/user/buttons.php and adding

For Monobook, change to

$_monobook_btns = array();

//delete all (defaults)
$_vector_btns = array();

this suppresses the inclusion of footer buttons from vector/conf/buttons.php

Add just the Dokuwiki and Vector/Monobook Buttons

Edit {vector|monobook}/user/buttons.php

Swap monobook for vector as appropriate

<?php
 
//check if we are running within the DokuWiki environment
if (!defined("DOKU_INC")){
    die();
}
//delete all (defaults)
$_vector_btns = array();  
 
//note: The buttons will be rendered in the order they were defined. Means:
//      first button will be rendered first, last button will be rendered at
//      last.
//DokuWiki button
$_vector_btns["dw"]["img"]      = DOKU_TPL."static/img/button-dw.png";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["href"]     = "https://www.dokuwiki.org/";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["width"]    = 80;
$_vector_btns["dw"]["height"]   = 15;
$_vector_btns["dw"]["title"]    = "DokuWiki";
$_vector_btns["dw"]["nofollow"] = !(cleanID(getID()) === "start");
 
//"vector for DokuWiki" button
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["img"]      = DOKU_TPL."static/img/button-vector.png";
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["href"]     = "https://www.dokuwiki.org/template:vector";
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["width"]    = 80;
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["height"]   = 15;
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["title"]    = $lang["vector_mdtemplatefordw"];
$_vector_btns["vecfdw"]["nofollow"] = !(cleanID(getID()) === "start");

Symbol Chooser font size

The drop-down picker for choosing a symbol to insert in the text being edited is very small in Monobook as standard.

It's controlled by the pickerbutton class and is set at 80% in the standard monobook css.

It's adjusted thus (to 1.2em) and some extra margin added around the symbols:

button.pickerbutton {

padding: 0px;
margin: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
border: 0;
background-color: transparent;
font-size: 1.2em;
cursor: pointer;

}

Put this in user/screen.css with all the other tweaks.

Mobile Scaling

The layout on a phone isn't too good, and can't be zoomed/scaled.

I found this thread:

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/12469-vector-template-doesn-t-display-correctly-on-mobile-devices/6

and applied the comment-out of the line :

//echo "<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1\" />";

in main.php and mediamanager.php

the page now scales/zooms okay to make it useable on a phone.

Monobook user/screen.css

/* Give sidebar more space.
 
   Default widths:
   - 12.2em as left spacer for the content area. This example is using 14.2em
     instead.
   - 11.6em as sidebar width. This example is using 13.6em instead.
   - 10.9em as width for the search input field. This example is using 12.9em
     instead.
   - 150px as left spacer for the Ajax searchbox. This example is using 180px.
*/
/* move content container more to the right */
#content {
  margin: 2.8em 0 0 14.2em;
}
#column-content {
  margin: 0 0 .6em -14.2em;
}
#column-content #content {
  margin-left: 14.2em !important; /* adjustment for  IE (7) */
}
/* redefine sidebar width + tab bar position */
.portlet {
  width: 13.6em;
}
#p-cactions {
  left: 13.6em; /* tab bar */
}
/* search input field */
#qsearch__in {
  width: 11.5em;
}
/* ajax "matching pagename" searchbox */
#qsearch__out {
  left: 180px
}
 
div.dokuwiki #dw__toc {
  margin: 1.2em 0 0 2em;
  float: right;
  width: 200px; 
  font-size: 100%;
  clear: both;
  background-color: __background__;
} 
 
div#content .dokuwiki code {
  font-size: 1.1em;
  padding-left: 5px;
  padding-right: 5px;
  background-color: #eee;
  color: #22f;
  border-radius: 4px;
  direction: ltr;
  text-align: left;
  white-space: pre;
}
 
div#content .dokuwiki pre {
        border-radius: 5px;
	background-color: #faffff !important;
}
 
button.pickerbutton {
  padding: 0px;
  margin: 2px 2px 2px 2px;
  border: 0;
  background-color: transparent;
  font-size: 1.2em;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.pBody {
	font-size: 1.1em;
	padding-bottom: 1em;
}
 
#bodyContent {
	font-size: 1.1em;
}
 
kbd.__keyboard {
  color: #0000ff;
  background-color: #defede !important;
  text-align: center;
  border-left: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-right: 3px solid #666666;
  border-bottom: 3px solid #666666;
  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;
  border-radius: 6px 6px 6px 6px !important;
  padding-left: 3px;
  padding-top: 0px;
  padding-right: 3px;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  margin-left: 2px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  vertical-align: top;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-size: 1.1em !important;
}
 
div.qq-upload-button {
 border: 1px solid __border__;
}

Dokuwiki Template CSS

Standard settings for font sizes etc. for different elements is here:

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/css/design.less

add any modified tweaks to the CSS to a userstyle.css i.e. /var/www/html/dokuwiki/conf/userstyle.css

font-size etc

pre {
        border-radius: 10px;
        background-color: #fcffff
}
 
 
code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0px;
    }
 
 
.dokuwiki .aside {
    font-size: 90%;
    }
 
 
body {
    font-size: 90%;
 
}
.dokuwiki div.breadcrumbs {
    font-size: 90%;
    }

Dokuwiki Template Tagline

<p style="font-size:12px;background-color:#a5e4fa;">Try to learn <b><i>something</i></b> about everything, and <b><i>everything</i></b> about something <br> <i> -Thomas Huxley “Darwin's bulldog” (1824-1895)</i></p>

Dokuwiki Timezone

I noticed the timestamps on file creation/modification were in UTC
I'd rather have “local time” so I don't have to think too hard
The answer is here → https://www.dokuwiki.org/tips:timezone
I used the first option, after successfully testing the second (editing php.ini)
I created conf/local.protected.php with

<?php
date_default_timezone_set("Europe/London");

I did sudo chown www-data:www-data local.protected.php too, just to be sure
All looks good - pages created/modified while in summer time show the time in BST and pages modified in winter time show the time in GMT

Add DW2PDF

To allow export of pages from Wiki → PDF format install plugin dw2pdf
to enable functionality it was necessary to install php-mbstring package on the VPS
1. ```
sudo apt-get install php-mbstring
```
```
sudo service apache2 restart
```

UPDATE

— John Pumford-Green 26/04/23 10:04

removed dw2pdf plugin, it is largely unused and adds pointless bloat.

Increase maximum file size upload for Media Manager

edit php.ini
1. ```
sudo vi /etc/php/XX/apache2/php.ini
```
2. change upload_max_filesize = 2M to upload_max_filesize = 20M
3. change post_max_size = 2M to post_max_size = 20M
4. ```
sudo service apache2 restart
```

Allow any file-type upload

From https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/3318-allow-upload-of-any-filetype/5

Edit /var/www/html/www/dokuwiki/inc/media.php and comment out :

    // because a temp file was created already
    //if (!preg_match('/\.(' . $regex . ')$/i', $fn)) {
    //    return [$lang['uploadwrong'], -1];
    //}

jpg upload error - XML

Media manage red warnings when uploading jpg image files

Error: Call to undefined function xml_parser_create()

New VPS was missing the php-xml package.

sudo apt install php-xml
sudo service apache2 restart

https://forum.dokuwiki.org/d/21045-error-call-to-undefined-function-xml-parser-create

Acronyms & Abbreviations

I find the underlining and “explanation” of some abbreviations/acronyms by dokuwiki, when rendering a page, to be annoying.

such as DNS and ACL

The process is described HERE

To disable this I simply copied the default conf/acronyms.conf to a local version conf/acronyms.local.conf and then edited the local version to remove all the explanations.

# Acronyms.

ACL
AFAICS
AFAIK
AFAIR
API
ASAP
ASCII
BTW
CMS
CSS
DNS
EOF
EOL
EOM
EOT
FAQ
FTP
FOSS
FLOSS
FUD
FYI
GB
GHz
GPL
GUI
HTML
IANAL
IE
IIRC
IMHO
IMO
IOW
IRC
IRL
KISS
LAN
LGPL
LOL
MathML
MB
MHz
MSIE
OMG
OS
OSS
OTOH
PITA
RFC
ROTFL
RTFM
spec
TIA
TL;DR
TOC
URI
URL
W3C
WTF?
WYSIWYG
YMMV

This supresses the annoyance.

— John Pumford-Green 30/04/23 13:49

Add folded plugin

make a clickable hide/reveal section with

++++ visible text | hidden text blah blah ++++

e.g.

There is a table here...

Col1	Col2	Col3
one	two	three

def func():
    print "hello world"

Increase TAGCLOUD font size

edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/plugins/cloud/style.less

increase size factor

/* Size factor. */
@sF: 1.2;

force re-fresh of browser to show new font size.

Keyboard Plugin

tweak the size, border and colour

example keys

Ctrl+C

Tweaks

/var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/plugins/keyboard/all.css

kbd.__keyboard {
  color: #0000ff;
  background-color: #defede !important;
  text-align: center;
  border-left: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-top: 1px solid #cfcfcf;
  border-right: 3px solid #666666;
  border-bottom: 3px solid #666666;
  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px;
  padding-left: 3px;
  padding-top: 0px;
  padding-right: 3px;
  padding-bottom: 0px;
  margin-left: 2px;
  margin-right: 2px;
  vertical-align: top;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-size: 1.2em;
 
}

Dokuwiki Template monospace font

the colour of the mono font is the same as general text and doesn't stand out as well as in other templates.
edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/css/basic.less with a hex code for a better colour
- but see below for a better place to do the configuraiton

code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0;
    }

To prevent upgrades overwriting these changes - add them to /var/www/html/dokuwiki/conf/userstyle.css
pre relates to the blocks of <code> ////// </code>
code relates to monospaced text

pre {
        border-radius: 10px;
         background-color: #fcffff
 
}
 
code {
    color: #c72522;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
    border-radius: 0px;
    }

Remove Dokuwiki template footer buttons

edit /var/www/html/dokuwiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/tpl_footer.php

comment out (  ) the license stanza and/or the <div> that contains the “buttons”

<?php
/**
 * Template footer, included in the main and detail files
 */
 
// must be run from within DokuWiki
if (!defined('DOKU_INC')) die();
?>
 
<!-- ********** FOOTER ********** -->
 
 
 
<div id="dokuwiki__footer"><div class="pad">
 
<!--    <?php tpl_license(''); // license text ?> -->
 
<!--    
<div class="buttons">
        <?php
            tpl_license('button', true, false, false); // license button, no wrapper
            $target = ($conf['target']['extern']) ? 'target="'.$conf['target']['extern'].'"' : '';
        ?>
        <a href="https://www.dokuwiki.org/donate" title="Donate" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-donate.gif" width="80" height="15" alt="Donate" /></a>
        <a href="https://php.net" title="Powered by PHP" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-php.gif" width="80" height="15" alt="Powered by PHP" /></a>
        <a href="//validator.w3.org/check/referer" title="Valid HTML5" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-html5.png" width="80" height="15" alt="Valid HTML5" /></a>
        <a href="//jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer?profile=css3" title="Valid CSS" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-css.png" width="80" height="15" alt="Valid CSS" /></a>
        <a href="https://dokuwiki.org/" title="Driven by DokuWiki" <?php echo $target?>><img
            src="<?php echo tpl_basedir(); ?>images/button-dw.png" width="80" height="15"
            alt="Driven by DokuWiki" /></a>
    </div>
-->
 
 
</div></div><!-- /footer -->
 
 
<?php
tpl_includeFile('footer.html');

Bootstrap3 ThemeByNamespace

To force specific bootstrap/bootswatch themes dependant on the namespace

enable ThemeByNamespace option
create a file in <dokuwiki>/conf called bootstrap3.themes.conf
chown www-data:www-data bootstrap3.themes.conf
add the required theme/namespace mapping:

# Namespace  Bootswatch Theme
start                   bootswatch/darkly
public                  bootswatch/darkly
public:calculator       bootswatch/slate
public:journal          bootswatch/journal
private                 bootswatch/flatly
playground              bootswatch/united
private:wire2waves      bootswatch/paper
blog                    bootswatch/yeti

it seems necessary to disable showThemeSwitcher and to select a default theme to be used outside of any listed in the conf file

Alternative

Using the loadskin plugin

it's possible to switch to the default dokuwiki template when on a mobile device and the vector template when on a computer.

The loadskin plugin seems to lead to problems switching between monobook and vector - the navigation sidebar seems to disappear on one or the other. Not sure where the problem is.

Note Plugin

Various Coloured notes:

<note>
This is my note ! Remember it!!
</note>

<note important>
Warning ! You're about to lose your mind ;-)
</note>

<note tip>
The clues are in the images.
</note>

<note warning>
Beware of the cat when you open the door !!
</note>


++++Note in a Folded section|
<note warning>
Ça fonctionne seulement avec le //div// pas le //span//.
</note>
++++

This is my note ! Remember it!!

Warning ! You're about to lose your mind

The clues are in the images.

Beware of the cat when you open the door !!

Note in a Folded section

Monobook Tweaks

PDF Export Tab

The dw2pdf plugin provides a button on many templates to trigger export to PDF but not on monobook. It's possible to add a tab to the top of the page, beside the edit etc. tabs, to do the the pdf export function.

add the following code to to monobook/user/tabs.php

//PDF plugin: export tab
if (file_exists(DOKU_PLUGIN."dw2pdf/action.php") &&
    !plugin_isdisabled("dw2pdf")){
    $_monobook_tabs["tab-export-pdf"]["text"] = "pdf export";
    $_monobook_tabs["tab-export-pdf"]["href"] = wl(getID(), array("do" => "export_pdf"), false, "&");
}

Vector Interwiki Icons

The icon shown on interwiki links almost always appears as a small “lock” rather than the correct icon

commenting out the .link-https section in /vector/static/3rd/vector/main-ltr.css stops this :

div#content a.external,
div#content a[href ^="gopher://"] {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/external-link-ltr-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}
 
/*
div#content a[href ^="https://"],
.link-https {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/lock-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}
*/
 
div#content a[href ^="mailto:"],
.link-mailto {
        background: url(static/3rd/vector/mail-icon.png) center right no-repeat;
        padding: 0 13px 0 0;
}

Page Updated: 19/04/26 16:02 BST

dokuwiki

I3 Window Manager

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

I3 Window Manager

Various Things related to I3

Background & Conky

Some tiled windows

Floating scratchpad terminal with ranger file manager

Floating scratchpad terminal with Alpine email client

I3 Config and tweaks

Autotile

Make new windows be created in alternating horizontal / vertical arrangement, depending on aspect ratio of the current window.

https://github.com/nwg-piotr/autotiling

I3 Config File

config

# This file has been auto-generated by i3-config-wizard(1).
# It will not be overwritten, so edit it as you like.
#
# Should you change your keyboard layout some time, delete
# this file and re-run i3-config-wizard(1).
#
 
 
 
# i3 config file (v4)
#
# Please see https://i3wm.org/docs/userguide.html for a complete reference!
 
set $mod Mod4
 
# Font for window titles. Will also be used by the bar unless a different font
# is used in the bar {} block below.
#font pango:monospace 8
 
# This font is widely installed, provides lots of unicode glyphs, right-to-left
# text rendering and scalability on retina/hidpi displays (thanks to pango).
font pango:DejaVu Sans 10
 
 
default_border normal 3
hide_edge_borders none
binding_mode_indicator yes
 
#set $bg-color #2f446f
#set $inactive-bg-color #2f343f
#set $text-color #ffb25a
#set $inactive-text_color #676e7d
#set $urgent-bg-color #bd2c40
 
#client.focused $bg-color $bg-color $text-color #2255ff
#client.unfocused $inactive-bg-color $bg-color $text-color #225ff
#client.focused_inactive $inactive-bg-color $inactive-bg-color $inactive-text-color #2255ff
#client.urgent $urgent-bg-color $urgent-bg-color $text_color #2255ff
 
workspace_auto_back_and_forth yes
 
# The combination of xss-lock, nm-applet and pactl is a popular choice, so
# they are included here as an example. Modify as you see fit.
 
# xss-lock grabs a logind suspend inhibit lock and will use i3lock to lock the
# screen before suspend. Use loginctl lock-session to lock your screen.
#exec --no-startup-id xss-lock --transfer-sleep-lock -- i3lock --nofork
 
# NetworkManager is the most popular way to manage wireless networks on Linux,
# and nm-applet is a desktop environment-independent system tray GUI for it.
#exec --no-startup-id nm-applet
 
exec --no-startup-id synclient tapbutton1=-1
exec --no-startup-id /home/gm4slv/noblank.sh
exec --no-startup-id conky
exec --no-startup-id xsetroot -solid midnightblue
 
 
exec --no-startup-id ~/background.sh
 
#exec --no-startup-id polybar example
 
exec_always --no-startup-id autotile
#exec_always --no-startup-id ~/autosplit
 
bindsym $mod+p exec --no-startup-id ~/promote-window
 
# Use pactl to adjust volume in PulseAudio.
set $refresh_i3status killall -SIGUSR1 i3status
bindsym XF86AudioRaiseVolume exec --no-startup-id pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ +10% && $refresh_i3status
bindsym XF86AudioLowerVolume exec --no-startup-id pactl set-sink-volume @DEFAULT_SINK@ -10% && $refresh_i3status
bindsym XF86AudioMute exec --no-startup-id pactl set-sink-mute @DEFAULT_SINK@ toggle && $refresh_i3status
#bindsym XF86AudioMicMute exec --no-startup-id pactl set-source-mute @DEFAULT_SOURCE@ toggle && $refresh_i3status
 
#bindsym XF86AudioMute exec amixer sset 'Master' toggle
#bindsym XF86AudioLowerVolume exec amixer sset 'Master' 5%-
#bindsym XF86AudioRaiseVolume exec amixer sset 'Master' 5%+
 
 
# Use Mouse+$mod to drag floating windows to their wanted position
floating_modifier $mod
 
# start a terminal
#bindsym $mod+Return exec i3-sensible-terminal
bindsym $mod+Return exec lxterminal
 
# kill focused window
bindsym $mod+Shift+q kill
 
# start dmenu (a program launcher)
bindsym $mod+d exec --no-startup-id dmenu_run
# A more modern dmenu replacement is rofi:
# bindcode $mod+40 exec "rofi -modi drun,run -show drun"
# There also is i3-dmenu-desktop which only displays applications shipping a
# .desktop file. It is a wrapper around dmenu, so you need that installed.
# bindcode $mod+40 exec --no-startup-id i3-dmenu-desktop
 
# change focus
bindsym $mod+h focus left
bindsym $mod+j focus down
bindsym $mod+k focus up
bindsym $mod+l focus right
 
# alternatively, you can use the cursor keys:
bindsym $mod+Left focus left
bindsym $mod+Down focus down
bindsym $mod+Up focus up
bindsym $mod+Right focus right
 
# move focused window
bindsym $mod+Shift+h move left
bindsym $mod+Shift+j move down
bindsym $mod+Shift+k move up
bindsym $mod+Shift+l move right
 
# alternatively, you can use the cursor keys:
bindsym $mod+Shift+Left move left
bindsym $mod+Shift+Down move down
bindsym $mod+Shift+Up move up
bindsym $mod+Shift+Right move right
 
# split in horizontal orientation
#bindsym $mod+h split h
 
# split in vertical orientation
#bindsym $mod+v split v
 
# enter fullscreen mode for the focused container
bindsym $mod+f fullscreen toggle
 
# change container layout (stacked, tabbed, toggle split)
bindsym $mod+s layout stacking
bindsym $mod+w layout tabbed
bindsym $mod+e layout toggle split
 
# toggle tiling / floating
bindsym $mod+Shift+space floating toggle
 
# change focus between tiling / floating windows
bindsym $mod+space focus mode_toggle
 
# focus the parent container
bindsym $mod+a focus parent
 
# focus the child container
#bindsym $mod+d focus child
 
# Define names for default workspaces for which we configure key bindings later on.
# We use variables to avoid repeating the names in multiple places.
set $ws1 "1"
set $ws2 "2"
set $ws3 "3"
set $ws4 "4"
set $ws5 "5"
set $ws6 "6"
set $ws7 "7"
set $ws8 "8"
set $ws9 "9"
set $ws10 "10"
 
# switch to workspace
bindsym $mod+1 workspace number $ws1
bindsym $mod+2 workspace number $ws2
bindsym $mod+3 workspace number $ws3
bindsym $mod+4 workspace number $ws4
bindsym $mod+5 workspace number $ws5
bindsym $mod+6 workspace number $ws6
bindsym $mod+7 workspace number $ws7
bindsym $mod+8 workspace number $ws8
bindsym $mod+9 workspace number $ws9
bindsym $mod+0 workspace number $ws10
 
# move focused container to workspace
bindsym $mod+Shift+1 move container to workspace number $ws1
bindsym $mod+Shift+2 move container to workspace number $ws2
bindsym $mod+Shift+3 move container to workspace number $ws3
bindsym $mod+Shift+4 move container to workspace number $ws4
bindsym $mod+Shift+5 move container to workspace number $ws5
bindsym $mod+Shift+6 move container to workspace number $ws6
bindsym $mod+Shift+7 move container to workspace number $ws7
bindsym $mod+Shift+8 move container to workspace number $ws8
bindsym $mod+Shift+9 move container to workspace number $ws9
bindsym $mod+Shift+0 move container to workspace number $ws10
 
# reload the configuration file
bindsym $mod+Shift+c reload
# restart i3 inplace (preserves your layout/session, can be used to upgrade i3)
bindsym $mod+Shift+r restart
bindsym $mod+Shift+x exec i3lock
# exit i3 (logs you out of your X session)
bindsym $mod+Shift+e exec "i3-nagbar -t warning -m 'You pressed the exit shortcut. Do you really want to exit i3? This will end your X session.' -B 'Yes, exit i3' 'i3-msg exit'"
 
 
 
##############################
#
#  Program Shortcuts
#
##############################
 
# "b" for "browser"
bindsym $mod+b exec --no-startup-id firefox
 
 
##############################
#
#  SCRATCHPAD
#
#
###############################
 
set $scratchpad-size 1000 700
 
bindsym $mod+Shift+minus move scratchpad
bindsym $mod+minus scratchpad show
 
bindsym $mod+m [title="AlpineMail"] scratchpad show ; move position center
bindsym $mod+n [title="NewsboatReader"] scratchpad show ; move position center
bindsym $mod+comma [title="RangerFM"] scratchpad show ; move position center
bindsym $mod+period [title="Connman"] scratchpad show ; move position center
 
exec --no-startup-id lxterminal -T AlpineMail -e ~/rpine 
exec --no-startup-id lxterminal -T NewsboatReader -e /usr/bin/newsboat
exec --no-startup-id lxterminal -T RangerFM -e ranger
exec --no-startup-id cmst -M
 
for_window [title="Connman System Tray"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad
for_window [title="AlpineMail"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad
for_window [title="NewsboatReader"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad 
for_window [title="RangerFM"] floating enable, resize set $scratchpad-size, move scratchpad 
 
 
################################################
#
#
#
 
 
# resize window (you can also use the mouse for that)
mode "resize" {
        # These bindings trigger as soon as you enter the resize mode
 
        # Pressing left will shrink the window’s width.
        # Pressing right will grow the window’s width.
        # Pressing up will shrink the window’s height.
        # Pressing down will grow the window’s height.
        bindsym j resize shrink width 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym k resize grow height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym l resize shrink height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym semicolon resize grow width 10 px or 10 ppt
 
        # same bindings, but for the arrow keys
        bindsym Left resize shrink width 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym Down resize grow height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym Up resize shrink height 10 px or 10 ppt
        bindsym Right resize grow width 10 px or 10 ppt
 
        # back to normal: Enter or Escape or $mod+r
        bindsym Return mode "default"
        bindsym Caps_Lock mode "default"
        bindsym $mod+r mode "default"
}
 
bindsym $mod+r mode "resize"
 
 
 
# Start i3bar to display a workspace bar (plus the system information i3status
# finds out, if available)
bar {
     font pango:DejaVu Sans mono 10
     status_command i3status -c ~/i3status.conf
}

i3status bar

i3status.conf

# i3status configuration file.
# see "man i3status" for documentation.
 
# It is important that this file is edited as UTF-8.
# The following line should contain a sharp s:
# ß
# If the above line is not correctly displayed, fix your editor first!
 
general {
        colors = true
        interval = 5
}
 
#order += "ipv6"
order += "wireless _first_"
order += "ethernet _first_"
order += "battery 0"
#order += "disk /"
order += "load"
order += "cpu_usage"
order += "cpu_temperature 0"
#order += "memory"
order += "tztime local"
 
wireless _first_ {
        format_up = "W: (%quality at %essid) %ip"
        format_down = "W: down"
}
 
ethernet _first_ {
        format_up = "E: %ip (%speed)"
        format_down = "E: down"
}
 
battery 0 {
	status_chr = "⚡"
        status_bat = "🔋"
        status_unk = "? "
        status_full = "☻ "
	low_threshold = 10
        format = "B: %status %percentage %remaining"
}
 
 
 
disk "/" {
        format = "%avail"
}
 
load {
        format = "L: %1min"
}
 
cpu_temperature 0 {
	format = "T: %degrees°C"
}
 
cpu_usage {
	format = "CPU0 %cpu0 / CPU1 %cpu1"
}
 
memory {
	memory_used_method = "classical"
        format = "%free / %used"
	threshold_degraded = "2G"
        format_degraded = "MEMORY < %available"
}
 
tztime local {
        format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"
}

Conky

.conkyrc

# Standard antiX .conkyrc file
# For conky editing help and commands visit = Casey's Conky Reference with Examples {http://www.ifxgroup.net/conky.htm}
 
# set to yes if you want Conky to be forked in the background
background yes
 
short_units yes
 
cpu_avg_samples 1
net_avg_samples 1
 
out_to_console no
 
# X font when Xft is disabled, you can pick one with program xfontsel
#font 7x12
#font 6x10
#font 7x13
font 8x12
#font 7x12
 
# Use Xft?
use_xft yes
 
# Xft font when Xft is enabled
#xftfont gentium:size=12
#ftfont DejaVu Sans:size=10
xftfont DejaVu Sans:bold:size=9
#xftfont DejaVu Sans:size=9
 
# Create own window instead of using desktop (required in nautilus, pcmanfm and rox desktops)
own_window yes
own_window_class Conky
own_window_transparent yes
own_window_hints undecorated,below,sticky,skip_taskbar
own_window_type override
 
# Text alpha when using Xft
xftalpha 1.0
 
#on_bottom no
 
# Update interval in seconds
update_interval 1
 
# Use double buffering (reduces flicker, may not work for everyone)
double_buffer yes
 
# Minimum size of text area
minimum_size 55
maximum_width 190
 
# Draw shades?
draw_shades no
 
# Draw outlines?
draw_outline no
 
# Draw borders around text
draw_borders no
 
# Stippled borders?
stippled_borders 0
 
# border margins
#border_margin 10
 
# border width
border_width 2
 
# Default colors and also border colors
default_color white
default_shade_color white
default_outline_color white
 
#color ffffff
color4 yellow
color8 77ccff
color9 5599cc
 
# Text alignment, other possible values are commented
# alignment top_left
alignment top_right
#alignment bottom_left
#alignment bottom_right
 
# Gap between borders of screen and text
 
gap_x 20
gap_y 40
 
# Add spaces to keep things from moving about?  This only affects certain objects.
use_spacer right
 
# Subtract file system buffers from used memory?
no_buffers yes
 
# if_up_strictness link:  up | link | address
if_up_strictness address
 
# set to yes if you want all text to be in uppercase
uppercase no
 
TEXT
${alignc}$nodename
${alignc}${color8}${font DejaVu Sans:size=12}${time %H:%M} ${font} ${color}
${alignc}${time %a %d %b}
${alignc}Uptime: $uptime
#${alignc}${exec disp=${DISPLAY#:}; disp=${disp%.[0-9]}; cat $HOME/.desktop-session/desktop-code.$disp 2>/dev/null}
#res:${alignr}${execi 60 xdpyinfo | sed -n -r "s/^\s*dimensions:.*\s([0-9]+x[0-9]+).*/\1/p"}
#dpi:${alignr}${execi 60 sed -nr "s/^\s*Xft.dpi:\s*([0-9]+(x[0-9]+)?).*/\1/p" $HOME/.Xresources | grep "[0-9]" || echo 96}
#Automount: ${alignr}${execi 60 grep -q "^automount=TRUE" $HOME/.desktop-session/automount.conf 2>/dev/null && echo "enabled" || echo "disabled"}
Freq:${alignr}${freq}
CPU:${alignr}${cpu}%
#${color}Init:${alignr}${color3}${execi 60 detect-init.sh}
${alignr}${cpugraph cpu0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
Disk:${alignr}${diskio}
${alignr}${diskiograph 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}${if_up eth0}
eth0 up: $alignr ${upspeed eth0}
${alignr}${upspeedgraph   eth0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
eth0 down: $alignr ${downspeed eth0}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph eth0 30,170  5599cc 5599cc}${endif}${if_up eth1}
eth1 up: $alignr ${upspeed eth1}
${alignr}${upspeedgraph   eth1 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
eth1 down: $alignr ${downspeed eth1}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph eth1 30,170  5599cc 5599cc}${endif}${if_up wlan0}
 
Wireless 
IP  $alignr ${addr wlan0}
Gate $alignr  $gw_ip
NS $alignr $nameserver
 
wlan0 up: $alignr ${upspeed wlan0}
${alignr}${upspeedgraph   wlan0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
wlan0 down: $alignr ${downspeed wlan0}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph wlan0 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}${endif}${if_up wlan1}
wlan1 up: $alignr ${upspeed wlan1}
${alignr} ${upspeedgraph   wlan1 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}
wlan1 down: $alignr ${downspeed wlan1}
${alignr}${downspeedgraph wlan1 30,170 5599cc 5599cc}${endif}
${alignr}${color8}Used / Total ${color}
RAM:${alignr}$mem / $memmax
Swap:${alignr}$swap / $swapmax
/ Disk:${alignr}${fs_used /} / ${fs_size /}
#${alignc}${execi 1000 persist-enabled}
 
${font DejaVu Sans Mono:size=10}${execi 30 ~/ruptime}

Gather ruptime information about local LAN Linux boxes from the rwhod service and format it with a small script ~/ruptime called from conkyrc

${font DejaVu Sans Mono:size=10}${execi 30 ~/ruptime}

ruptime local script

#!/bin/bash
 
/usr/bin/ruptime -a | cut -c1-8,13-16,18-27

Real ruptime returns:

gm4slv@antix1:~ $ ruptime 
antix1        up    1+04:34,     0 users,  load 0.63, 0.48, 0.47
aprs          up  116+04:03,     0 users,  load 0.00, 0.01, 0.00
laptop        up    9+16:04,     0 users,  load 1.27, 1.09, 1.04
nas1          up  185+23:19,     0 users,  load 0.33, 0.48, 0.47
shack         up      16:19,     0 users,  load 0.16, 0.22, 0.21

My small script formats it for conky

gm4slv@antix1:~ $ ./ruptime 
antix1    up   1+04:34
aprs      up 116+04:03
laptop    up   9+16:04
nas1      up 185+23:19
shack     up     16:19

add neofetch output as image to root window

background.sh

#!/bin/bash



while :
do
	
	neofetch --disable term > fetch

	ansilove -q -m transparent fetch

	feh --bg-center -B midnightblue fetch.png

	sleep 300

done

Keys cheatsheet

$mod+p = promote window

$mod+Return = terminal

$mod+Shift+q = kill window

$mod+d = dmenu

$mod+h = focus left
$mod+j = focus down
$mod+k = focus up
$mod+l = focus right


$mod+Shift+h = move left
$mod+Shift+j = move down
$mod+Shift+k = move up
$mod+Shift+l = move right


$mod+f = fullsreen toggle


=== When using Autotile these are for the next window to be created ====

$mod+s = stacking
$mod+w = tabbed
$mod+e = toggle h or v

=== Toggle a window between tiled and floating ===

$mod+Shift+space = floating toggle

=== Switch focus between a floating window and the tiled window(s)

$mod+space focus mode_toggle


$mod+a = focus parent

Additional Software

urxvt

Configured vi ~/.Xdefaults

For Ranger icons use DejavuSansMono NFM:size=11:style=Book

A bug makes font rendering odd, with too much space between characters (kerning is wrong)

A fix is to put Xft.rgba: none into ~/.Xdefaults

Another fix is to put URxvt.letterSpace=-1 into ~/.Xdefaults

Here's the ~/.Xdefaults I use:

Some un-used lines are commented out, but might be useful in testing….

Xft.rgba: none
#Xft.hintstyle: hintfull
#URxvt.letterSpace:-1
 
Xcursor.size:10
#URxvt.skipBuiltinGlyphs: true
URxvt.scrollBar: false
URxvt.boldFont: 
#URxvt.font: xft:DejaVuSansMono:style=Book:size=11
#URxvt.font: xft:Monospace:size=11, xft:DejaVuSansMono NFM:style=Book
URxvt.font: xft:DejaVuSansMono NFM:size=11:style=Book

Ranger

Image Previews: /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf :

set preview_images true

set preview_images_method w3m

Draw borders round segments of display /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf :
```
set draw_borders both
```
Icons following instructions here: https://github.com/alexanderjeurissen/ranger_devicons
- /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf :
```
default_linemode devicons
```
Font for icons : https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases/download/v2.2.2/DejaVuSansMono.zip
- unzipped into : ~/.fonts
- font cache re-built with
```
fc-cache -fv
```
Use Lxterminal - handles icons and image previews (st is poor for image previews)
commands for exracting and creating compressed archives (zip, tar, tar.gz etc) from here https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/ranger#Archives
- added both python snippets to /etc/ranger/config/commands.py
- added keybindings to /etc/ranger/config/rc.conf
```
 
map ,n console compress 
map ,m compress temp.zip
map ,e console extract_here 
```
- extract a zip/tar/tar.gz by the keystroke ,e
- create an automatically named temp.zip archive by selecting the files (Space) and then ,m
- create a named archive of your choice ,n your_archive_name.[tar|zip|tar.gz]

<insert> : touch (new file)

gg   : move to top
G    : move to bottom

<F1> : help
<F2> : rename
<F3> : view (less)
<F4> : edit (vim) 
<F5> : copy
<F6> : cut
<F7> : mkdir
<F8> : delete
<F10>: quit


<space> : select
uv : un-select

yy : yank (copy)
dd : cut

ud : un-cut
uy : un-cut(yank)

pp : paste


gh : GoHome
zh : show hidden dotfiles

Archive operation commands
,n : new named archive 
,m : new "temp.zip"
,e : extract_here

— John Pumford-Green 09/10/22 12:38

Further Information

Land Rover Data

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:22:28 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Data

Created Monday 29 May 2017

J275 MDO

1991 200TDi

VIN : HA703374

Legal Due Dates

MOT Due : 20/12/19
Tax Due : 30/6/20 (renews automatically, monthly direct debit)
Insurance Due : 30/7/20

Part Numbers

Sump Drain Washer : ETC7398
Gearbox Drain Washer : FTC4112
Gearbox Extension Drain Washer : FRC4810
Transfer Box Drain Washer : FRC4808
Switch Panel : MTC2640
Vent Flap Lever : 346576
Rear Door Check Link : LR016708
Towing Drop Plate : NRC8208
Transfer Box Front Flange Kit : STC3432
Front Diff Flange Kit : STC4858
Lifting Handle : NTC5116
Rear Wheel Bearing Kit : DA2380G
Lock Stud Plate : ASR2667
Lock Nut Plate : ASR2668
Lock Seal Gasket : MXC9445
Door seals - LH & RH as kit : LRC1369
Door Seal - bottom : MWC6130

See Land Rover Refurb May 2017 and Land Rover Refurb 2019 for running logs

Page Info

Page created Sun May 22 14:48:20 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 29/01/26 17:22 GMT

tags

landie

QSO Logging

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:15:51 +0000

←Radio Topics

QSO Logging

2023 Logging setup

Paper Logbook

I've always (when I remember) used a Paper Logbook for CW and SSB contacts. I'm on the third book after starting the 1st one in March 1983.

I usually don't (but sometimes do) log Digimode QSOs on paper, as fldigi has its own ADIF logbook. However I've moved/installed/upgraded/deleted various fldigi installations on so many different PCs that I've actually lost all the logs anyway. I've recently started logging all QSOs in the paper logbook. There's no chance of “accidentally deleting” a real, paper logbook, after all.

Update July 2023

I initially started to make notes of each day's activity and QSOs here, in the wiki
This became a chore, too many separate things to do during/after a QSO
I ditched the wiki-diary idea but want to have more of a record of QSOs, and other notes on condx etc. than a simple one line entry in the logbook
I started keeping a paper “journal” - basically a more carefully created scratch-pad - with entries being done during the QSO - my notes done at the time.
The left hand page of the spread is a scribble/rough notes area and the right hand page of the spread has notes of activity, CQs made, CQs replied to, QSOs, callsigns, propagation data (SFI, A, K etc), beacons heard, anything really.
I still add an entry to both paper logbook and Xlog, but they don't need too much additional detail, as it's all in the “journal”

Electronic Logs

I've tried various PC based log systems over the years. A few years ago I had a major project to add all the old data from my paper logs into an electronic log - I think I used “logger32” on a windows PC. I started from August 2003, the date I re-activated my dormant interest in amateur radio, and I built my Elecraft K1.

I count this as “day zero” of my current radio incarnation.

I could then export the ADIF file and could use it to “pre-populate” any new log system I fancied trying.

I now use xlog on my shack's old Linux laptop. It has all the QSO data from August 2003 to the present (except most Digimode QSOs) and I continue to use xlog in parallel with a good old fashioned paper logbook.

I have also discovered that fldigi will automatically add each logged QSO to Xlog, if they are running on the same machine, which means I can now ensure my digimode QSOs are recorded alongside my CW and SSB QSOs.

As of August 26th 2023 I no longer keep an electronic log.

I have ceased LOTW uploads. QSLs are now direct only if anyone wants/needs confirmation of a QSO

LOTW

While I was adding all my historical QSO data to an electronic log I decided to “join” the ARRL Logbook Of The World and add my QSO data. I did it in various stages, but I think I've now got all my QSO records uploaded to LOTW. This is mainly to assist others in their paper chasing goals, as I'm not generally interested in getting QSLs in order to claim awards (I've only got 84 DXCC “confirmed” on LOTW for “Mixed”, with 65 in Phone and 65 in CW). If my uploads allow other people to reach targets, without me needing to write and post physical QSL cards, then it's easy enough to oblige with LOTW. I had to download the sourcecode and compile the latest version of TQSL from the ARRL website to run on Linux. I forget how I got the necessary certificates from ARRL….

Club Log

~~I created a ClubLog account and I also upload my ADIF exports at regular intervals. I embed the “last 30” QSOs on my qrz.com page.~~

Update July 2023

I decided it's too cumbersome, and with no obvious benefit, to upload ADIF files to ClubLog as well as to LOTW
- ClubLog has no purpose, really, for me at the moment

Update August 28 2023

I have decided to drop ALL computer logging
- this means no LOTW either
I want a simpler radio shack, without reliance on computer for logging or any other purpose.
Logging : paper log book
Notes : on paper in separate “diary” made during QSO - these can be dated and kept as a reference
- Notes on radio setup, antennas, beacons etc., solar conditions etc. are in the same “diary” - as a record of day to day activity alongside any QSOs etc.
No RBN checking, no QRZ.COM checking.
Re-start card-index of stations worked, if not too time-consuming?

Workflow

~~start flrig & ensure correct communication with IC-7200~~
~~start fldigi & ensure it controls the IC-7200 via flrig~~
~~start xlog & ensure it shows the correct radio frequency (when the freq. log button is pressed)~~
have QSOs in ~~fldigi or~~ CW and log in paper logbook ~~as appropriate~~
~~export log ADIF file from xlog - selecting the latest QSO numbers, rather than the whole log~~
~~use TQSL to sign and upload this latest ADIF export to my LOTW account<?del> * <del>use the ClubLog website to upload this latest ADIF export to my CLubLog account~~

— John Pumford-Green 19/06/23 12:55

Further Information

Damasko DA36 Tests 1 (2019)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Damasko DA36

Damasko DA36 Tests 1 (2019)

Created Thursday 31 October 2019

Investigation into fault last seen Aug 2018

Fault symptoms from 30/8/18

rate error high (> 30s/d) and dependant on position
amplitude low ≤200°
hand-winding would not increase amplitude or improve random fluctuating rate.

Investigation to confirm fault prior to arranging repair : 30/10/19

wind 40 turns manually & set time: Δ = -0.7s
on wrist 19:00
take TG measurements as auto power builds up over evening

Reference Values for comparison to "Normal" behaviour

Last known full set of amplitude / rate measurements:

16/12/17
Dial up	: 274° : 0
Dial dn	: 278° : 0
6H	: 256° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 263° : 0
9H	: 262° : -2
12H	: 261° : +4
Mean	: -0.7

Last known good “full power” TG rate measurements:

8/3/18 13:30
Dial up	: 291°	: +1
Dial dn	:	: 0
6H	:	: -3	D = -4
3H	:	: +2
9H	:	: 0
12H	:	: +1
Mean	: +0.7

TG measurements 1st day 30/10/19

19:25
Dial up : 231° : -11

20:15
Dial up : 271° : -3
Dial dn : 263° : -3

21:15
Dial up : 282° : -1
Dial dn : 271° : 0

22:15
Dial up : 270° : -2
Dial dn : 259° : -1
6H	: 252° : -6	: D = -4
3H	: 257° : 0
9H	: 241° : -3
12H	: 262° : +1
Mean	: -1.8

23:15
Dial up : 287° : 0
Dial dn : 263° : 0
6H	: 249° : -7	: D = -7
3H	: 271° : 0
9H	: 261° : -3
12H	: 266° : +1
Mean	: -1.5


00:15
Dial up : 302° : 0
Dial dn : 295° : 0
6H	: 260° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 278° : 0
9H	: 271° : 0
12H	: 291° : +1
Mean	: +0.8

TG measurements 2nd day 31/10/19

06:10
Dial up : 272° : -2
Dial dn : 282° : 0
6H	: 249° : -7	: D = -5
3H	: 260° : 0
9H	: 261° : -2
12H	: 259° : +3
Mean	: -1.3


07:10
Dial up : 276° : 0
Dial dn : 275° : +1
6H	: 249° : -5	: D = -5
3H	: 266° : +1
9H	: 252° : -4
12H	: 252° : +2
Mean	: -0.8

08:30
Dial up : 275° : 0
Dial dn : 274° : +2
6H	: 258° : -5	: D = -5
3H	: 264° : +1
9H	: 256° : -1
12H	: 257° : +4
Mean	: -0.16

09:35
Dial up : 279° : -1
Dial dn : 281° : +1
6H	: 266° : -4	: D = -3
3H	: 270° : +1
9H	: 261° : -3
12H	: 267° : +4
Mean	: -0.33

10:30
Dial up : 265° : -2
Dial dn : 261° : 0
6H	: 240° : -8	: D = -6
3H	: 248° : -1
9H	: 236° : -5
12H	: 259° : +3
Mean	: -2.3

13:10
Dial up : 283° : 0
Dial dn : 276° : 0
6H	: 262° : -3	: D = -3
3H	: 258° : +2
9H	: 248° : 0
12H	: 259° : +4
Mean	: +0.5

14:55
Dial up : 278° : -2
Dial dn : 275° : -1
6H	: 257° : -7	: D = -5
3H	: 266° : 0
9H	: 257° : -1
12H	: 266° : +2
Mean	: -1.6

17:10
Dial up : 288° : 0
Dial dn : 277° : 0
6H	: 264° : -3	: D = -3
3H	: 268° : 0
9H	: 261° : -4
12H	: 269° : +2
Mean	: -0.8

21:30
Dial up : 272° : -2
Dial dn : 277° : -1
6H	: 252° : -8	: D = -6
3H	: 262° : -1
9H	: 256° : -4
12H	: 277° : +1
Mean	: -1.8

TG measurements 3rd day 1/11/19

06:00
Dial up : 262° : +1
Dial dn : 260° : +3
6H	: 248° : -4	: D = -5
3H	: 257° : +3
9H	: 251° : 0
12H	: 251° : +7
Mean	: +1.6

16:35
Dial up : 283° : 0
Dial dn : 283° : 0
6H	: 271° : -5	: D = -5
3H	: 271° : 0
9H	: 264° : 0
12H	: 279° : +1
Mean	: -0.6

TG measurements 4rd day 2/11/19

07:45
Dial up : 260° : +1
Dial dn : 268° : +4
6H	: 245° : -5	: D = -6
3H	: 250° : +1
9H	: 249° : 0
12H	: 251° : +3
Mean	: -0.6

16:15
Dial up : 294° : -1
Dial dn : 293° : 0
6H	: 268° : -5	: D = -6
3H	: 266° : 0
9H	: 273° : -2
12H	: 273° : +1
Mean	: -1.6

19:30
Dial up : 299° : -1
Dial dn : 298° : 0
6H	: 267° : -5	: D = -4
3H	: 267° : 0
9H	: 273° : -4
12H	: 272° : +1
Mean	: -1.5

TG measurements 5th day 3/11/19

07:00
Dial up : 258° : +1
Dial dn : 264° : +6
6H	: 251° : -1	: D = -2
3H	: 255° : +1
9H	: 254° : 0
12H	: 251° : +3
Mean	: +1.6

16:10
Dial up : 291° : 0
Dial dn : 281° : 0
6H	: 271° : -4	: D = -4
3H	: 264° : 0
9H	: 259° : -2
12H	: 271° : +3
Mean	: -0.5

21:00
Dial up : 289° : -1
Dial dn : 278° : 0
6H	: 261° : -5	: D = -4
3H	: 262° : 0
9H	: 258° : -1
12H	: 260° : +2
Mean	: -0.8

TG measurements 6th day 4/11/19

06:15
Dial up : 264° : +1
Dial dn : 256° : +3
6H	: 240° : -5	: D = -6
3H	: 249° : 0
9H	: 256° : 0
12H	: 248° : +4
Mean	: +0.5

11:25
Dial up : 292° : 0
Dial dn : 283° : +1
6H	: 267° : -4	: D = -4
3H	: 277° : +1
9H	: 262° : -1
12H	: 268° : +3
Mean	: +0.0

Amplitude vs Position vs Mean Rate

Date     	Time		Du	Dd	6h	3h	9h	12h	Av	M
=============================================================================================	
30/10/19 	22:15		270	259	252	257	241	262	257	-1.8	
30/10/19 	23:15		287	263	249	271	261	266	266	-1.5

31/10/19 	00:15		302	295	260	278	271	291	283	+0.8	
31/10/19 	06:10		272	282	249	260	261	259	263	-1.3
31/10/19 	07:10		276	275	249	266	252	252	262	-0.8
31/10/19 	08:30		275	274	258	264	256	257	263	+0.2
31/10/19 	09:35		279	281	266	270	261	267	271	-0.3
31/10/19 	10:30		265	261	240	248	236	259	252	-2.3
31/10/19 	13:10		283	276	262	258	248	259	264	+0.5
31/10/19 	14:55		278	275	257	266	257	266	267	-1.6
31/10/19 	17:10		288	277	264	268	261	269	271	-0.8
31/10/19 	21:30		272	277	252	262	256	277	266	-1.8

01/11/19 	06:00		262	260	248	257	251	251	255	+1.6
01/11/19 	16:35		283	283	271	271	264	279	275	-0.6

02/11/19 	07:45		260	268	245	250	249	251	254	+0.6
02/11/19	16:15		294	293	268	266	273	273	279	-1.6
02/11/19	19:30		299	298	267	267	273	272	279	-1.5

03/11/19	07:00		258	264	251	255	254	251	256	+1.6
03/11/19	16:10		291	281	271	264	259	270	273	-0.5
03/11/19	21:00		289	278	261	262	258	260	268	-0.8

04/11/19	06:15		264	256	240	249	256	248	252	+0.5
04/11/19	11:25		292	283	267	277	262	268	275	+0.0

Watchcheck data

Date		Time	Δ(s)	Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
31/10/19 	06:17 	-2.2
01/11/19 	06:06 	-4.2	-2.0		-2.0		Dial up overnight
02/11/19 	07:43	-6.7	-2.3		-2.2		Dial up overnight
03/11/19 	06:54	-7.5	-0.8		-1.8		Dial down overnight
04/11/19	06:32	-8.5	-1.0		-1.6		Dial down overnight

TimeGrapher Pseudo-COSC Test

16:00 1/11/19 (Full Power) & 07:45 2/11/19 (After overnight resting dial-up)

M1	-5
M2	-5	Mean 6H	: -5	V1 : 0
M3	+2
M4	+1	Mean 3H	: +1.5	V2 : 1
M5	0
M6	0	Mean 9H	: 0	V3 : 0
M7	+2
M8	+4	Mean DD	: +3	V4 : 2
M9	0
M10	+1	Mean DU : +0.5	V5 : 1
M11	n/a
M12	-5

                         Limit		
M	0	Pass	(+6/-4) 	Mean Daily Rate			: Ave of M1..M10
Vavg	0.8	Pass	(2)		Mean Variation			: Ave of V1..V5
Vmax	2	Pass	(5)		Max Variation 			: Max of V1..V5
D	-5.5	Pass*	(+8/-6) 	Difference Vert-Horiz		: Ave of M1..M2 minus Ave of M9..M10
P	5	Pass	(10)		Largest Variation from mean	: Value of M1.. M10 with largest difference from overall M
R	+0	Pass	(+5/-5) 	Rate Resumption			: M12 minus Ave of M1..M2

Power Reserve Test

Start fully wound : “day 0”

Put on Timegrapher, dial up, to observe rate/amplitude during period of test

ETA 2836-2 spec = 38 hours

Off wrist date time 	:	04/11/19	11:35
Stopped date time	:	05/11/19	21:27
Elapsed time		:	33:52

TG Checks during Power Reserve test, Dial Up

	
Date		Time	Elapsed	Amp	Rate	Δ-NTP
04/11/19	11:35	0:00	279	0	-8.5
04/11/19	14:35	3:00	270	+1		
04/11/19	17:35	6:00	271	0
04/11/19	21:10	8:35	260	0
04/11/19	23:20	11:45	251	0
05/11/19	06:20	18:45	243	0
05/11/19	08:35	21:00	233	-1
05/11/19	09:30	21:55	234	-1	-9.4
05/11/19	13:55	26:20	213	-6
05/11/19	15:00	27:25	212	-7	-10.9
05/11/19	16:45	29:10	203	-10
05/11/19 	17:35	30:00	198	-12
05/11/19	18:35	31:00	191	-14
05/11/19	19:35	32:00	179	-19	-13.3
05/11/19	20:35	33:00	168	-27
05/11/19	21:27	33:52	STOPPED....

Power reserve	:	33:52

DA36Measurements

Created Friday 08 November 2019

8 November 2019

	08/11/19 : 06:15
	Dial up : 254° : -1
	Dial dn : 261° : +4
	6H	: 243° : -6
	3H	: 237° : -1
	9H	: 222° : -6
	12H	: 226° : 0
	D 	: -5
	Mean	: 241° : -1.6

	08/11/19 : 12:45
	Dial up : 284° : 0
	Dial dn : 281° : +1
	6H	: 266° : -3	
	3H	: 263° : 0
	9H	: 259° : -1
	12H	: 266° : +3
	D 	: -3
	Mean	: 270° : 0

	08/11/19 : 23:20
	Dial up : 280° : -2
	Dial dn : 277° : 0
	6H	: 260° : -3	
	3H	: 261° : 0
	9H	: 254° : -2
	12H	: 259° : +3
	D 	: -1
	Mean	: 265° : 0

9th November 2019

09/11/19 : 06:50
Dial up : 256° : +1
Dial dn : 254° : +3
6H	: 230° : -7	
3H	: 227° : -4
9H	: 234° : -2
12H	: 227° : +1
D 	: -8
Mean	: 238° : -1.3

09/11/19 : 13:10
Dial up : 281° : 0
Dial dn : 282° : 0
6H	: 264° : -4	
3H	: 263° : 0
9H	: 268° : 0
12H	: 260° : +3
D 	: -4
Mean	: 270° : -0.2

09/11/19 : 23:00
Dial up : 286° : -2
Dial dn : 280° : 0
6H	: 260° : -6	
3H	: 256° : -2
9H	: 272° : 0
12H	: 263° : +1
D 	: -4
Mean	: 270° : -1.5

10th November 2019

10/11/19 : 07:05
Dial up : 251° : 0
Dial dn : 246° : +1
6H	: 232° : -8	
3H	: 220° : -8
9H	: 230° : -3
12H	: 230° : 0
D 	: -8
Mean	: 236° : -3

10/11/19 : 14:20	
Dial up : 256° : -4
Dial dn : 248° : -5
6H	: 233° : -13	
3H	: 228° : -6
9H	: 227° : -8
12H	: 226° : -5
D 	: -9
Mean	: 236° : -6.8

Wound manually 40 turns:

Dial up	: 238°	: -5
Dial dn	: 234°	: -6
6H	: 225° 	: -14

Amplitude still low…..

Wound manually > 100 turns:

	
Dial up : 263° : -1
Dial dn : 264° : 0
6H	: 244° : -9	
3H	: 245° : -3
9H	: 256° : -2
12H	: 249° : 0
D 	: -8
Mean	: 253° : -5.0

Rate improved but amplitude still low - can't achieve “full wind power”?

10/11/19 : 16:30
Dial up : 274° : 0
Dial dn : 259° : 0
6H	: 238° : -9	
3H	: 250° : -2
9H	: 245° : -3
12H	: 242° : 0
D 	: -9
Mean	: 251° : -2.3

Back to on-wrist for further observations @ 16:50

Amplitude vs position vs mean rate error

	Date     	Time		Du	Dd	6h	3h	9h	12h	Av	M	
	============================================================================================
	08/11/19	06:15		254	261	243	237	222	226	241	-1.6
	08/11/19	12:45		284	281	266	263	259	266	270	+0.0
	08/11/19	23:20		280	277	260	261	254	259	265	+0.0

	09/11/19	06:50		256	254	230	227	234	227	238	-1.3
	09/11/19	13:10		281	282	264	263	268	260	270	-0.2
	09/11/19	23:00		286	280	260	256	272	263	270	-1.5
	
	10/11/19	07:05		251	246	232	220	230	230	236	-3.0
	10/11/19	14:20		256	248	233	228	227	226	236	-6.8 !!!!!
	10/11/19	16:30		274	259	238	250	245	242	251	-2.3
	10/11/19	17:30		286	281	265	268	259	263	270	-1.
	10/11/19	19:10		259	269	248	249	260	253	256	-1.8
	10/11/19	21:00		293	284	264	260	266	267	272	-2.5
	10/11/19	23:00		270	277	266	250	261	252	262	-3.0

Over to Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

Dial-Up Amplitude & Rate

Date		Time	Amp.	Rate
=====================================
08/11/19	06:15	254	-1
08/11/19	12:45	284	0	
08/11/19	15:40	281	0
08/11/19	17:00	272	0
08/11/19	23:20	280	-2

09/11/19	06:50	256	+1
09/11/19	10:40	270	-1
09/11/19	13:10	281	0
09/11/19	20:30	288	-1
09/11/19	23:00	286	-2

10/11/19	07:05	251	0
10/11/19	10:10	267	-3
10/11/19	14:20	256	-4 !!! Low amplitude all positions after several hours on wrist.

Goto Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

Watchcheck measurements

Android Watchcheck (one per day to show overall rate):

Date		Time	Δ(s)	Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
=======================================================================================

08/11/19	06:24	-7.7	-1.6		-2.0		overnight dial down
09/11/19	07:04	-9.5	-1.7		-1.9		overnight dial down
10/11/19	07:02	-11.9	-2.4		-2.1		overnight dial down
11/11/19	06:25	-14.1	-2.3		-2.1		overnight dial up


Python Watchcheck (2 per day to show difference between on-wrist and resting position):

dd/mm/yyyy HH:MM:SS	Δ(s)        Error(s/d)       Ave(s/d)	Comment
===================================================================

08/11/2019 06:25:07     -7.8            +3.6            -1.3	Nighttime dial down = positive
08/11/2019 23:19:10     -10.3           -3.6            -2.0 	daytime on wrist = negative
09/11/2019 07:05:09     -9.5            +2.6            -1.4	Nighttime dial down = positive
09/11/2019 23:05:12     -12.6           -4.8            -2.1	Daytime on wrist = negative
10/11/2019 07:03:11     -11.6           +3.1            -1.6	Nighttime dial down = positive
10/11/2019 23:10:14     -14.2           -3.8            -2.0 	Daytime worn = negative
11/11/2019 06:23:14     -14.1           +0.1            -1.8 	Dial Up overnight. Zero

@watches

Post Power Test Measurements

Return to wrist and allow to reach adequate auto-winding power. Set time & take new Watchcheck reading once amplitude and rate have settled.

21:50 On wrist

22:00
Dial up : 235° : -15
Dial dn : 221° : -17
6H	: 214° : -21	: D = -6
3H	: 229° : -15
9H	: 225° : -16
12H	: 220° : -19
Mean	: -17

* worn overnight in bed - MINIMAL ADDITIONAL AUTO-WINDING? *

Day 1 6/11/19

06:00 	
Dial up : 226° : -10
Dial dn : 233° : -10
6H	: 214° : -20	: D = -10
3H	: 235° : -7
9H	: 210° : -15
12H	: 223° : -6
Mean	: -11

12:15 	
Dial up : 265° : -1
Dial dn : 252° : 0
6H	: 242° : -7	: D = -6
3H	: 241° : -1
9H	: 238° : -4
12H	: 249° : +1
Mean	: -2

15:50	 	
Dial up : 289° : 0
Dial dn : 276° : 0
6H	: 259° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 267° : 0
9H	: 273° : -1
12H	: 269° : +1
Mean	: -1

19:50	 	
Dial up : 277° : 0
Dial dn : 283° : 0
6H	: 254° : -6	: D = -6
3H	: 251° : -2
9H	: 241° : -3
12H	: 266° : +4
Mean	: -1.5

Day 2 7/11/19

06:00	 	
Dial up : 260° : +1
Dial dn : 252° : +4
6H	: 241° : -4	: D = -5
3H	: 230° : -4
9H	: 199° : -17	********
12H	: 200° : -11    ********
Mean	: -5.2

07:00	 	
Dial up : 270° : -1
Dial dn : 260° : 0
6H	: 246° : -7	: D = -6
3H	: 245° : -2
9H	: 240° : -5
12H	: 245° : 0
Mean	: -2.5

09:20	 	
Dial up : 284° : -1
Dial dn : 281° : +1
6H	: 269° : -2	: D = -1
3H	: 265° : +1
9H	: 265° : 0
12H	: 261° : +3
Mean	: +0.3

21:30		 	
Dial up : 287° : -2
Dial dn : 281° : 0
6H	: 254° : -6	: D = -4
3H	: 262° : -1
9H	: 265° : -2
12H	: 261° : +2
Mean	: -1.5

Day 3 8/11/19

06:15
Dial up : 254° : -1
Dial dn : 261° : +4
6H	: 243° : -6	: D = -5
3H	: 237° : -1
9H	: 222° : -6
12H	: 226° : 0
Mean	: -1.6

12:45
Dial up : 284° : 0
Dial dn : 281° : +1
6H	: 266° : -3	: D = -3
3H	: 263° : 0
9H	: 259° : -1
12H	: 266° : +3
Mean	: 270° : 0

Date     	Time		Du	Dd	6h	3h	9h	12h	Av	M
=============================================================================================
06/11/19	06:30		226	233	214	235	210	223	223	-11.0
06/11/19	12:15		265	252	242	241	238	249	248	-2.0
06/11/19	15:50		289	276	259	267	273	269	272	-1.0
06/11/19	19:50		277	283	254	251	241	266	262	-1.5

07/11/19	06:00		260	252	241	230	199!!	200!!	230	-5.2
07/11/19	07:00		270	260	246	245	240	245	251	-2.5
07/11/19	09:20		284	281	269	265	265	261	271	+0.3
07/11/19	21:30		287	281	254	262	265	261	268	-1.5

08/11/19	06:15		254	261	243	237	222	226	241	-1.6
08/11/19	12:45		284	281	266	263	259	266	270	+0.0




Android Watchcheck:

Date		Time	Δ(s)	Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
=======================================================================================
06/11/19 	06:41 	-3.6					New period started
06/11/19	12:32	-5.4	-7.4		-7.4		after ~6 hours
06/11/19	20:02	-6.2	-2.5		-4.6		after further 7.5 hours
07/11/19	05:55	-6.1	+0.2		-2.6		overnight dial down
08/11/19	06:24	-7.7	-1.6		-2.0		overnight dial down



Python Watchcheck:

dd/mm/yyyy HH:MM:SS	Δ(s)        Error(s/d)       Ave(s/d)	Comment
===================================================================
06/11/2019 20:22:06     -6.2            -2.5            -2.5	Daytime = negative
07/11/2019 05:56:06     -6.1            +0.3            -0.8	Nighttime dial down = positive
08/11/2019 00:36:08     -8.6            -3.3            -2.1	Daytime = negative
08/11/2019 06:25:07     -7.8            +3.6            -1.3	Nighttime dial down = positive

Conclusion

There seems to be nothing wrong.

4 full days of on-wrist testing shows normal amplitude and rate error.

Power-run-down test gives a reserve time of ≥33 hours. This is less than the ETA 2836-2 spec of 38 hours. This may be due to starting the test with less than full wind? 33 hours is still acceptable. Rate and amplitude drops after 24 hours, but accumulated error is still acceptable if the test had been stopped before completion and the watch worn (an additional ~5 seconds of loss over the 33 hours of testing).

Restarting and achieving full-power/amplitude & normal rate error takes some time on-wrist - avoiding manually winding as far as possible, just enough to start the movement running. Is there still an intermittent problem with the winding or power?

Time will tell.

Further monitoring under Damasko DA36 Measurements (2019)

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, damasko

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 18:47:10 +0000

←AllStar Linking

GM4SLV Allstar 2025

New explorations into Allstar and Bridging

This was an initial experiment, I've used what I learned to set up a bigger system (still under development) and described here : Explorations

Hardware

Platform	Rapsberry Pi
Interface	CM108 Soundcard - modified
Radio	FT-1500M
Frequency	144.9125MHz
Allstar Node	48148
Dashboards	http://gm4slv.plus.com:42110/

DVSwitch Bridging

To investigate the bridging of Allstar analogue nodes and DMR I installed DVSwitch on the Allstar node.

Instructions here: ASL to DMR Bridge

The first part is easy, modifying a working Allstar node to add the private node and the USRP channel driver that will be used for the connection to the bridging.

My configs

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf before bridging added

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;
 
[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.
 
;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
48148 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/48148,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default
 
;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[48148]					; Change this to your assigned node number
 
                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza
 
					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device
 
 
duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.
 
linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
 
linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.
 
erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects
 
;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza
 
scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza
 
telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza
 
context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)
 
hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
 
telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;
 
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iGM4SLV				; Main ID message
 
;idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)
 
unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).
 
; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0
 
;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)
 
lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.
 
lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.
 
;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)
 
;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
 
holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
 
telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.
 
telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)
 
beaconing = 0				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)
 
parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command
 
parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received
 
;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option
 
startup_macro = *80*81*70
 
; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory
 
; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these
 
;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)
 
;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message
 
; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
; *** Status Reporting ***
 
; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates
 
[functions]
 
; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions
 
; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions
 
 
; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link
 
70 = ilink,5		; System status
 
;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)
 
; End Mandatory Command Codes
 
73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
 
80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)
 
91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled
 
98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable
 
901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Macro Commands
5 = macro
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands
 
;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down
 
; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:
 
; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Status Commands
 
; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)
 
;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Link Commands
 
; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section
 
;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.
 
;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)
 
; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable
 
; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable
 
; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable
 
; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state
 
; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable
 
; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable
 
; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)
 
 
; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin
 
; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr
 
; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr
 
; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed
 
; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand
 
; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand
 
; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign
 
; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag
 
; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)
 
; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)
 
; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep
 
; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable
 
; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable
 
; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')
 
; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
 
; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)
 
[functions-remote]
 
0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key
 
 
[telemetry]
 
; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
 
ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated
 
ct12 = |me
ct13 = |mR
 
; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1
 
; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.
 
; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.
 
[morse]
speed = 20				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 600				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 2048			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude
 
;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;
 
[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"
 
; Memories for remote bases
 
[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m
 
; Place command macros here
 
[macro]
 
 
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet
 
 
12 = *1424611# ; disc MilNet
22 = *2424611# ; monitor MilNet
32 = *3424611# ; transceive MilNet
 
;13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
;23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
;33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska
 
;14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
;24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
;34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North
 
;191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
;391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo
 
19 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
39 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest
 
 
 
; Data Acquisition configuration
 
;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2
 
;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file
 
;device = daq-cham-1
 
; Device name
 
;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out
 
;[meter-faces]
 
;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?
 
;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation
 
; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time
 
[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.
 
; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]
 
#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf after bridging added

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;
 
[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.
 
;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
 
 
1999 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/1999,NONE
 
48148 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/48148,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default
 
 
 
[1999]
rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:31001 ; Use the USRP channel driver. Must be enabled in modules.conf
 ; 127.0.0.1 = IP of the target application
 ; 34001 = UDP port the target application is listening on
 ; 32001 = UDP port ASL is listening on
duplex = 0 ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time. Ah, but Allison STILL talks!
hangtime = 0 ; squelch tail hang time 0
althangtime = 0 ; longer squelch tail hang time 0
holdofftelem = 1 ; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
 ; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
telemdefault = 0 ; 0 = telemetry output off. Don't send Allison to DMR !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Trust me.
telemdynamic = 0 ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
linktolink = no ; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
 ; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
nounkeyct = 1 ; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
totime = 180000 ; transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
idrecording = |ie ; id recording or morse string see http://ohnosec.org/drupal/node/87
idtalkover = |ie ; Talkover ID (optional) default is none see http://ohnosec.org/drupal/node/129
 
 
 
;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[48148]					; Change this to your assigned node number
 
                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza
 
					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device
 
 
duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.
 
linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)
 
linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.
 
erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects
 
;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza
 
scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza
 
telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza
 
context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)
 
hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)
 
telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;
 
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iGM4SLV				; Main ID message
 
;idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iGM4SLV				; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)
 
unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).
 
; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0
 
;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)
 
lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.
 
lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.
 
;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)
 
;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.
 
holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.
 
telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.
 
telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)
 
beaconing = 0				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)
 
parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command
 
parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received
 
;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option
 
startup_macro = *80*81*70
 
; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory
 
; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these
 
;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)
 
;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message
 
; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
 
; *** Status Reporting ***
 
; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates
 
[functions]
 
; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions
 
; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions
 
 
; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link
 
70 = ilink,5		; System status
 
;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)
 
; End Mandatory Command Codes
 
73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
 
80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)
 
91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled
 
98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable
 
901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Macro Commands
5 = macro
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands
 
;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down
 
; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:
 
; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Status Commands
 
; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)
 
;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user
 
 
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Link Commands
 
; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section
 
;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only
 
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.
 
;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot
 
; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)
 
; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable
 
; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable
 
; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable
 
; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state
 
; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable
 
; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable
 
; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)
 
 
; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin
 
; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr
 
; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr
 
; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed
 
; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand
 
; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand
 
; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign
 
; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag
 
; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)
 
; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)
 
; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep
 
; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable
 
; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable
 
; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')
 
; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
 
; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)
 
[functions-remote]
 
0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key
 
 
[telemetry]
 
; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
 
ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated
 
ct12 = |me
ct13 = |mR
 
; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1
 
; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.
 
; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.
 
[morse]
speed = 20				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 600				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 2048			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude
 
;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;
 
[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"
 
; Memories for remote bases
 
[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m
 
; Place command macros here
 
[macro]
 
 
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet
 
 
12 = *1424611# ; disc MilNet
22 = *2424611# ; monitor MilNet
32 = *3424611# ; transceive MilNet
 
;13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
;23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
;33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska
 
;14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
;24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
;34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North
 
;191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
;391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo
 
19 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
39 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest
 
 
 
; Data Acquisition configuration
 
;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2
 
;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file
 
;device = daq-cham-1
 
; Device name
 
;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out
 
;[meter-faces]
 
;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?
 
;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation
 
; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time
 
[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.
 
; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]
 
#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/modules.conf after bridging added

;
; Asterisk configuration file
;
; Module Loader configuration file
;
; By default DIAL does NOT load every module, only what is needed
 
; You can enable or disable any of the asterisk modules
; All modules are compiled and installed.
 
; To enable a module: load => module_name.so
; To disable a module: noload => module_name.so
 
; You will want to enable the channel driver modules you will be using.
; There are below in the Channle Driver section
; The most common Channel drivers for app_rpt are:
; chan_echolink.so   echolink channel driver
; chan_simpleusb.so  Simple USB Radio Interface Channel Drive
; chan_usbradio.so   USB Console Channel Driver
; chan_usrp.so       USRP Channel Module
; chan_voter.so      radio Voter channel driver
 
[modules]
 
autoload=no
 
; Applications
 
noload => app_adsiprog.so ;			Asterisk ADSI Programming Application
noload => app_alarmreceiver.so ;		Alarm Receiver for Asterisk
noload => app_amd.so ;				Answering Machine Detection Application
load => app_authenticate.so ;            	Authentication Application
noload => app_cdr.so ;				Tell Asterisk to not maintain a CDR for
noload => app_chanisavail.so ;			Check channel availability
noload => app_channelredirect.so ;		Channel Redirect
noload => app_chanspy.so ;			Listen to the audio of an active channel
noload => app_controlplayback.so ;		Control Playback Application
noload => app_dahdibarge.so ;			Barge in on channel application
noload => app_dahdiras.so ;			DAHDI RAS Application
noload => app_dahdiscan.so ;			Scan Zap channels application
noload => app_db.so ;				Database Access Functions
load => app_dial.so ;				Dialing Application
noload => app_dictate.so ;			Virtual Dictation Machine
noload => app_directed_pickup.so ;		Directed Call Pickup Application
noload => app_directory.so ;			Extension Directory
noload => app_disa.so ;				DISA (Direct Inward System Access) Appli
noload => app_dumpchan.so ;			Dump Info About The Calling Channel
noload => app_echo.so ;				Simple Echo Application
load => app_exec.so ;				Executes dialplan applications
noload => app_externalivr.so ;			External IVR Interface Application
noload => app_festival.so ;			Simple Festival Interface
noload => app_flash.so ;			Flash channel application
noload => app_followme.so ;			Find-Me/Follow-Me Application
noload => app_forkcdr.so ;			Fork The CDR into 2 separate entities
noload => app_getcpeid.so ;			Get ADSI CPE ID
noload => app_gps.so ;				GPS interface module
noload => app_hasnewvoicemail.so ;		Indicator for whether a voice mailbox ha
noload => app_ices.so ;				Encode and Stream via icecast and ices
noload => app_image.so ;			Image Transmission Application
noload => app_lookupblacklist.so ;		Look up Caller*ID name/number from black
noload => app_lookupcidname.so ;		Look up CallerID Name from local databas
load => app_macro.so ;				Extension Macros
noload => app_meetme.so ;			MeetMe conference bridge
noload => app_milliwatt.so ;			Digital Milliwatt (mu-law) Test Applicat
noload => app_mixmonitor.so ;			Mixed Audio Monitoring Application
noload => app_morsecode.so ;			Morse code
noload => app_mp3.so ;				Silly MP3 Application
noload => app_nbscat.so ;			Silly NBS Stream Application
noload => app_page.so ;				Page Multiple Phones
noload => app_parkandannounce.so ;		Call Parking and Announce Application
load => app_playback.so ;			Sound File Playback Application
noload => app_privacy.so ;			Require phone number to be entered, if n
noload => app_queue.so ;			True Call Queueing
noload => app_radbridge.so ;			Radio Bridging interface module
noload => app_random.so ;			Random goto
noload => app_readfile.so ;			Stores output of file into a variable
noload => app_read.so ;				Read Variable Application
noload => app_realtime.so ;			Realtime Data Lookup/Rewrite
noload => app_record.so ;			Trivial Record Application
load => app_rpt.so ;				Radio Repeater/Remote Base Application
noload => app_sayunixtime.so ;			Say time
noload => app_senddtmf.so ;			Send DTMF digits Application
load => app_sendtext.so ;			Send Text Applications
noload => app_setcallerid.so ;			Set CallerID Application
noload => app_setcdruserfield.so ;		CDR user field apps
noload => app_settransfercapability.so ;	Set ISDN Transfer Capability
noload => app_sms.so ;				SMS/PSTN handler
noload => app_softhangup.so ;			Hangs up the requested channel
noload => app_speech_utils.so ;			Dialplan Speech Applications
noload => app_stack.so ;			Stack Routines
load => app_system.so ;				Generic System() application
noload => app_talkdetect.so ;			Playback with Talk Detection
noload => app_test.so ;				Interface Test Application
load => app_transfer.so ;			Transfer
noload => app_url.so ;				Send URL Applications
noload => app_userevent.so ;			Custom User Event Application
noload => app_verbose.so ;			Send verbose output
noload => app_voicemail.so ;			Comedian Mail (Voicemail System)
noload => app_waitforring.so ;			Waits until first ring after time
noload => app_waitforsilence.so ;		Wait For Silence
noload => app_while.so ;			While Loops and Conditional Execution
noload => app_zapateller.so ;			Block Telemarketers with Special Informa
 
; CDR
 
noload => cdr_csv.so ;				Comma Separated Values CDR Backend
noload => cdr_custom.so ;			Customizable Comma Separated Values CDR
noload => cdr_manager.so ;			Asterisk Manager Interface CDR Backend
 
; Channels
 
noload => chan_agent.so ;			Agent Proxy Channel
noload => chan_alsa.so ;			ALSA Console Channel Driver
noload => chan_beagle.so ;			Beagleboard Radio Interface Channel Driver
load => chan_dahdi.so ;				DAHDI Telephony
load => chan_echolink.so ;			echolink Channel Driver
noload => chan_features.so ;			Feature Proxy Channel
noload => chan_gtalk.so ;			Gtalk Channel Driver
load => chan_iax2.so ;				Inter Asterisk eXchange (Ver 2)
load => chan_local.so ;				Local Proxy Channel (Note: used internal
noload => chan_oss.so ;				Channel driver for OSS sound cards
noload => chan_phone.so ;			Generic Linux Telephony Interface driver
noload => chan_pi.so ;				DMK Engineering "PITA" Board on Rpi2/3 Channel Driver
load => chan_simpleusb.so ;			CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)
noload => chan_sip.so ;				Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
noload => chan_tlb.so ;				TheLinkBox Channel Driver
noload => chan_usbradio.so ;			CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (DSP)
load => chan_usrp.so ;			GNU Radio interface USRP Channel Driver
noload => chan_voter.so ;			Radio Voter Channel Driver
 
; Codecs
 
; CODEC          AUDIO QUALITY   BANDWIDTH (including IP and Ethernet headers)
; ULAW           best            87 kilobits per second (kbps)
; ADPCM          good            55 kbps
; GSM            mediocre        36 kbps
; g726aal2
; ilbc
 
load => codec_adpcm.so ;			Adaptive Differential PCM Coder/Decoder
load => codec_alaw.so ;				A-law Coder/Decoder
load => codec_a_mu.so ;				A-law and Mulaw direct Coder/Decoder
noload => codec_dahdi.so ;			Generic DAHDI Transcoder Codec Translato
load => codec_g726.so ;				ITU G.726-32kbps G726 Transcoder
load => codec_gsm.so ;				GSM Coder/Decoder
load => codec_ulaw.so ;				mu-Law Coder/Decoder
noload => codec_ilbc.so ;			http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec
 
; Formats
 
load => format_g723.so ;			G.723.1 Simple Timestamp File Format
load => format_g726.so ;			Raw G.726 (16/24/32/40kbps) data
load => format_g729.so ;			Raw G729 data
load => format_gsm.so ;				Raw GSM data
load => format_h263.so ;			Raw H.263 data
load => format_h264.so ;			Raw H.264 data
load => format_ilbc.so ;			Raw iLBC data
noload => format_jpeg.so ;			JPEG (Joint Picture Experts Group) Image
load => format_pcm.so ;				Raw/Sun uLaw/ALaw 8KHz (PCM,PCMA,AU), G.
load => format_sln.so ;				Raw Signed Linear Audio support (SLN)
load => format_vox.so ;				Dialogic VOX (ADPCM) File Format
load => format_wav_gsm.so ;			Microsoft WAV format (Proprietary GSM)
load => format_wav.so ;				Microsoft WAV format (8000Hz Signed Line
 
; Functions
 
load => func_base64.so ;			base64 encode/decode dialplan functions
load => func_callerid.so ;			Caller ID related dialplan function
load => func_cdr.so ;				CDR dialplan function
load => func_channel.so ;			Channel information dialplan function
load => func_curl.so ;				Load external URL
load => func_cut.so ;				Cut out information from a string
load => func_db.so ;				Database (astdb) related dialplan functi
load => func_enum.so ;				ENUM related dialplan functions
load => func_env.so ;				Environment/filesystem dialplan function
load => func_global.so ;			Global variable dialplan functions
load => func_groupcount.so ;			Channel group dialplan functions
load => func_language.so ;			Channel language dialplan function
load => func_logic.so ;				Logical dialplan functions
load => func_math.so ;				Mathematical dialplan function
load => func_md5.so ;				MD5 digest dialplan functions
load => func_moh.so ;				Music-on-hold dialplan function
load => func_rand.so ;				Random number dialplan function
load => func_realtime.so ;			Read/Write values from a RealTime reposi
noload => func_sha1.so ;			SHA-1 computation dialplan function
noload => func_strings.so ;			String handling dialplan functions
noload => func_timeout.so ;			Channel timeout dialplan functions
noload => func_uri.so ;				URI encode/decode dialplan functions
 
; PBX
 
noload => pbx_ael.so ;				Asterisk Extension Language Compiler
load => pbx_config.so ;				Text Extension Configuration
noload => pbx_dundi.so ;			Distributed Universal Number Discovery (
noload => pbx_loopback.so ;			Loopback Switch
noload => pbx_realtime.so ;			Realtime Switch
noload => pbx_spool.so ;			Outgoing Spool Support
 
; Resources
 
load => res_adsi.so ;				ADSI Resource
noload => res_agi.so ;				Asterisk Gateway Interface (AGI)
noload => res_clioriginate.so ;			Call origination from the CLI
noload => res_convert.so ;			File format conversion CLI command
load => res_crypto.so ;				Cryptographic Digital Signatures
load => res_features.so ;			Call Features Resource
load => res_indications.so ;			Indications Resource
noload => res_jabber.so ;			AJI - Asterisk Jabber Interface
noload => res_monitor.so ;			Call Monitoring Resource
noload => res_musiconhold.so ;			Music On Hold Resource
load => res_smdi.so ;				Simplified Message Desk Interface (SMDI)
noload => res_snmp.so ;				SNMP [Sub]Agent for Asterisk
noload => res_speech.so ;			Generic Speech Recognition API
 
[global]

/etc/asterisk/extensions.conf after bridging added

[general]
 
static = yes       ; These two lines prevent the command-line interface
writeprotect = yes ; from overwriting the config file. Leave them here.
 
[globals]
HOMENPA = 999 ; change this to your Area Code
NODE = 48148   ; change this to your node number
NODE1 = 1999
 
[default]
 
exten => i,1,Hangup
 
[radio-secure]
exten => ${NODE},1,rpt,${NODE}
exten => ${NODE1},1,rpt,${NODE1}
 
[iaxrpt]                                ; entered from iaxrpt in iax.conf
exten => ${NODE},1,rpt(${NODE}|X)       ; NODE is the Name field in iaxrpt
                                        ; Info: The X option passed to the Rpt application
                                        ; disables the normal security checks.
                                        ; Because incoming connections are validated in iax.conf,
                                        ; and we don't know where the user will be coming from in advance,
                                        ; the X option is required.
 
[iax-client]				; for IAX VIOP clients.				
exten => ${NODE},1,Ringing
exten => ${NODE},n,Wait(3)
exten => ${NODE},n,Answer
exten => ${NODE},n,Set(NODENUM=${CALLERID(number)})
exten => ${NODE},n,Playback(rpt/node|noanswer)
exten => ${NODE},n,SayDigits(${EXTEN})
exten => ${NODE},n,Set(CALLERID(num)=0)
exten => ${NODE},n,Rpt,${NODE}|P|${CALLERID(name)}
exten => ${NODE},n,Hangup
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Answer
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Wait(1)
exten => ${NODE},n(hangit),Hangup
 
; Comment-out the following clause if you want Allstar Autopatch service
[pstn-out]
exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,1,playback(ss-noservice)
exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,2,Congestion
 
; Un-comment out the following clause if you want Allstar Autopatch service
;[pstn-out]
;exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,1,Dial(IAX2/allstar-autopatch/\${EXTEN})
;exten = _NXXNXXXXXX,2,Busy
 
[invalidnum]
exten = s,1,Wait,3
exten = s,n,Playback,ss-noservice
exten = s,n,Wait,1
exten =  s,n,Hangup
 
[radio]
exten = _X11,1,Goto(check_route|${EXTEN}|1);
exten = _NXXXXXX,1,Goto(check_route|1${HOMENPA}${EXTEN}|1)
exten = _1XXXXXXXXXX,1,Goto(check_route|${EXTEN}|1)
exten = _07XX,1,Goto(parkedcalls|${EXTEN:1}|1)
exten = 00,1,Goto(my-ip|s|1)
 
[check_route]
exten =_X.,1,Noop(${EXTEN})
; no 800
exten = _1800NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1888NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1877NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1866NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
exten = _1855NXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X00 NPA
exten = _1X00XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X11 NPA
exten = _1X11XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no X11 
exten = _X11,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no 555 Prefix in any NPA
exten = _1NXX555XXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no 976 Prefix in any NPA
exten = _1NXX976XXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no NPA=809
exten = _1809XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
; no NPA=900
exten = _1900XXXXXXX,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
 
; okay, route it
exten = _1NXXXXXXXXX,2,Goto(pstn-out|${EXTEN:1}|1)
exten = _X.,2,Goto(invalidnum|s|1)
 
[my-ip]
exten = s,1,Set(MYADDR=${CURL(http://myip.vg)})
exten = s,2,Wait,1
exten = s,3,SayAlpha(${MYADDR})
exten = s,4,Hangup
 
[allstar-sys]
exten => _1.,1,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Rrpt/node:NODE:rpt/in-call:digits/0:PARKED|120)
exten => _1.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _2.,1,Ringing
exten => _2.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _2.,n,Answer
exten => _2.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _2.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _2.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|P|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _2.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _3.,1,Ringing
exten => _3.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _3.,n,Answer
exten => _3.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _3.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _3.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Pv|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _3.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _4.,1,Ringing
exten => _4.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _4.,n,Answer
exten => _4.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _4.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _4.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|D|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _4.,n,Hangup
 
exten => _5.,1,Ringing
exten => _5.,n,Wait(3)
exten => _5.,n,Answer
exten => _5.,n,Playback(rpt/node)
exten => _5.,n,Saydigits(${EXTEN:1})
exten => _5.,n,Rpt(${EXTEN:1}|Dv|${CALLERID(name)}-P)
exten => _5.,n,Hangup
 
[allstar-public]
 
exten => s,1,Ringing
exten => s,n,Set(RESP=${CURL(https://register.allstarlink.org/cgi-bin/authwebphone.pl?${CALLERID(name)})})
exten => s,n,Set(NODENUM=${CALLERID(number)})
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:1}" = "?"]?hangit)
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:1}" = ""]?hangit)
exten => s,n,GotoIf($["${RESP:0:5}" != "OHYES"]?hangit)
exten => s,n,Set(CALLSIGN=${RESP:5})
exten => s,n,Wait(3)
exten => s,n,Playback(rpt/node|noanswer)
exten => s,n,Saydigits(${NODENUM})
exten => s,n,Set(CALLERID(name)=${CALLSIGN})
exten => s,n,Set(CALLERID(num)=0)
exten => s,n,Rpt(${NODENUM}|X)
exten => s,n,Hangup
exten => s,n(hangit),Answer
exten => s,n(hangit),Wait(1)
exten => s,n(hangit),Hangup
 
#includeifexists custom/extensions.conf

The next bit was more tricky on an old Debian Buster ASL Beta image that hadn't been updated/upgraded in a long time….

Installing DVswitch

Installing DVSwitch was a bit convoluted, as my old version of the ASL Beta 2.0.0 wasn't up to date… and needed some work to add necessary APT gpg keys, and adding the dvswitch repository.

apt-get update –allow-releaseinfo-change to accept the release name change

Adding DVSwitch repository keys

As root :

apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 0E98404D386FA1D9
 
apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 6ED0E7B82643E131
 
curl -s http://apt.allstarlink.org/repos/repo_signing.key | apt-key add - && apt update
 
wget http://dvswitch.org/buster
 
chmod +x buster
 
./buster
 
apt-get update
 
apt-get install dvswitch

Configuring DVSwitch

The changes were made to the existing asterisk configs, as per the pdf document, then DVSwitch was installed, and then the pdf document was followed again to make the necessary configs to:

/opt/Analog_Bridge/Analog_Bridge.ini

and

/opt/MMDVM_Bridge/MMDVM_Bridge.ini

everything seemed to work okay - although there I think one of the UDP ports was initially wrong for the USRP traffic in Analog_Bridge.ini and I had to double check by looking in

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf

[1999]
rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:31001

and setting Analog_Bridge.ini to match:

[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1              
txPort = 31001                        
rxPort = 34001

Testing

I initially set the MMDVM_Bridge to connect to Brandmeister and Analog_Bridge to send traffic to TG2354429 (an ad hoc TG with my DMR ID).

in the asterisk CLI issue the command to link the main node 48148 with the internal private node 1999 to complete the bridge:

rpt cmd 2100 ilink 3 1999

transmit on the VHF FM input to the Gateway and listen on a DMR radio via my DMR hotspot connected to Brandmeister TG2354429 and the DMR radio sprang into life with my DMR ID….

transmit on the DMR radio, via the hotspot to Brandmeister and the VHF FM handheld carried the audio from the DMR radio.

I also tried setting MMDVM_Bridge to connect to DVS-Ph F and used the Options=TS2_1=842 to set TG842 as static. Setting Analog_Bridge to use TG 842 and once more the traffic was bi-directional Allstar ↔ DMR

So Far So Good

To boost the audio via the bridge

Analog_Bridge.ini to change from AUDIO_UNITY to AUDIO_USE_GAIN

[USRP]
address = 127.0.0.1                     
txPort = 31001                         
rxPort = 34001                       
usrpAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN            
usrpGain = 3                        
;usrpAGC = -20,10,100                 
tlvAudio = AUDIO_USE_GAIN                
tlvGain = 0.35

I set the various DVSwitch things to be enabled or disabled:

systemctl enable asterisk
systemctl enable analog_bridge
systemctl disable md380-emu
systemctl enable mmdvm_bridge

Later I found the other bridges available (P25, YSF, NXDN etc) were running, but not configured, so I used systemctl to disable them.

Allmon2 / supermon

I added the new node 1999 to allmon2 and supermon, so I can control/monitor the bridging via the web.

/var/www/html/allmon2/allmon.ini.php

[48148]
host=127.0.0.1:5038
user=admin
passwd=xxxx
nomenu=no
hideNodeURL=no
 
 
[1999]
host=127.0.0.1:5038
user=admin
passwd=XXXX
nomenu=no
hideNodeURL=no
 
[Grouped Nodes]
nodes=48148,1999
 
[lsNodes]
url = "/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=48148"
;url = "/cgi-bin/lsnodes_web?node=481480"
menu = yes

/var/www/html/supermon/allmon.ini

[48148]
host = 127.0.0.1:5038
user = admin
passwd = XXXX
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
 
[1999]
host = 127.0.0.1:5038
user = admin
passwd = XXXX
menu = yes
hideNodeURL = no
 
[All Nodes]
nodes = 48148,1999
menu = yes

— John Pumford-Green 03/06/25 17:55 BST

Further Information

radio, allstar, mmdvm, dvswitch

MB7AZE AllStar Config

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 20:19:57 +0000

←AllStar Linking

MB7AZE AllStar Config

Main Config files

echolink.conf

/etc/asterisk/echolink.conf

[el0]
call = MB7AZE-L                          ; Change this!
pwd = xxxxxxxx                           ; Change this!
name = John                        ; Change this!
qth = allstar 481481                           ; Change this!
email = gm4slv@gm4slv.plus.com                         ; Change this!
node = 879598                           ; Change this!
; Data for EchoLink Status Page
lat = 60.2883                               ; Latitude in decimal degrees
lon = -001.42533                               ; Longitude in decimal degrees
freq = 430.050                              ; not mandatory Frequency in MHz
tone = 0.0                              ; not mandatory CTCSS Tone (0 for none)
power = 1                               ; 0=0W, 1=1W, 2=4W, 3=9W, 4=16W, 5=25W, 6=36W, 7=49W, 8=64W, 9=81W (Power in Watts)
height = 0                              ; 0=10 1=20 2=40 3=80 4=160 5=320 6=640 7=1280 8=2560 9=5120 (AMSL in Feet)
gain = 0                                ; Gain in db (0-9)
dir = 0                                 ; 0=omni 1=45deg 2=90deg 3=135deg 4=180deg 5=225deg 6=270deg 7=315deg 8=360deg (Direction)
maxstns = 5                            ; Max Stations

rtcptimeout = 10
recfile = /tmp/echolink_recorded.gsm    ;
astnode = 481481             ; Change this!
context = radio-secure                  ; Default in code is echolink-in

; Max 3 servers
server1 = nasouth.echolink.org
server2 = naeast.echolink.org
server3 = server3.echolink.org

; To deny w6xxx you would add the statement: deny = w6xxx
; To prohibit computer-based connections you would write: permit = *-*
; To allow access to only a select group of callsigns: permit = w6abc,w6def,...
; permit                                ; comma delimited list of callsign, type (-r)
; deny


; Remote text commands thru netcat:
; o.conip <IPaddress>    (request a connect)
; o.dconip <IPaddress>   (request a disconnect)
; o.rec                  (turn on/off recording)

; ipaddr
; port

manager.conf

/etc/asterisk/manager.conf

;
; Asterisk Call Management support
;

; By default asterisk will listen on localhost only. 
[general]
enabled = yes
port = 5038
bindaddr = 127.0.0.1

[gm4slv]
secret = llcgi
read = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config
write = all,system,call,log,verbose,command,agent,user,config

rpt.conf

/etc/asterisk/rpt.conf

; Radio Repeater configuration file (for use with app_rpt)
; Your Repeater
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;
; This is where you define your nodes which can be connected to.
;

[nodes]
; Note, if you are using automatic update for allstar link nodes,
; no allstar link nodes should be defined here. Only place a definition
; for your local nodes, and private (off of allstar link) nodes here.

;481480 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481480,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
481481 = radio@127.0.0.1:4569/481481,NONE	; This must be changed to your node number
                                        ; and iax port number if not the default

;[481480]					; Change this to your assigned node number
[481481]					; Change this to your assigned node number

                                        ; Must also be enabled in modules.conf
					; Rx audio/signalling channel. Choose ONLY 1 per node stanza

					; Enable the selected channel driver in modules.conf !!!
;rxchannel = dahdi/pseudo	        ; No radio (hub)
 rxchannel = SimpleUSB/usb_48148	; SimpleUSB
; rxchannel = Pi/1                      ; Raspberry Pi PiTA
; rxchannel = Radio/usb_48148		; USBRadio (DSP)
; rxchannel = Dahdi/1			; PCI Quad card
; rxchannel = Beagle/1			; BeagleBoard
; rxchannel = USRP/127.0.0.1:34001:32001; GNU Radio interface USRP
; rxchannel = Voter/48148                ; RTCM device


duplex = 1                              ; 0 = Half duplex with no telemetry tones or hang time.
                                        ;     Special Case: Full duplex if linktolink is set to yes.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing with an external multiport repeater controller.
					;     Comment out idrecording and idtalkover to suppress IDs also
                                        ; 1 = Half duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Does not repeat audio.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a simplex node.
                                        ; 2 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time.
                                        ;     This mode is preferred when interfacing a repeater.
                                        ; 3 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time, but no repeated audio.
                                        ; 4 = Full Duplex with telemetry tones and hang time. Repeated audio only when the autopatch is down.

linktolink = no				; disables forcing physical half-duplex operation of main repeater while
					; still keeping half-duplex semantics (optional)

linkmongain = 0				; Link Monitor Gain adjusts the audio level of monitored nodes when a signal from another node or the local receiver is received.
					; If linkmongain is set to a negative number the monitored audio will decrease by the set amount in db.
					; If linkmongain set to a positive number monitored audio will increase by the set amount in db.
					; The value of linkmongain is in db. The default value is 0 db.

erxgain = -3				; Echolink receive gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
etxgain = 3				; Echolink transmit gain adjustment
					; Note: Gain is in db-volts (20logVI/VO)
eannmode = 2                           ; 1 = Say only node number on echolink connects (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = say phonetic call sign only on echolink connects
                                        ; 3 = say phonetic call sign and node number on echolink connects

;controlstates = controlstates		; system control state stanza

scheduler = schedule			; scheduler stanza
functions = functions			; Repeater Function stanza
phone_functions = functions		; Phone Function stanza
link_functions = functions		; Link Function stanza

telemetry = telemetry			; Telemetry stanza
morse = morse				; Morse stanza
wait_times = wait-times			; Wait times stanza

context = radio				; dialing context for phone
callerid = "Repeater" <0000000000>	; callerid for phone calls
accountcode = RADIO                     ; account code (optional)

hangtime = 200				; squelch tail hang time (in ms) (optional, default 5 seconds, 5000 ms)
althangtime = 300			; longer squelch tail
totime = 300000				; 5 mins (12/4/22) transmit time-out time (in ms) (optional, default 3 minutes 180000 ms)

telemnomdb = -3				;
telemduckdb = -10			;

;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/gm4slv_id
;idrecording = /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id
idrecording = |iDE MB7AZE			; Main ID message

;idtalkover = |iMB7AZE			; Talkover ID message
idtalkover = |iMB7AZE			; Talkover ID message
					; See Telemetry section Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148
idtime = 900000				; 15 mins (12/4/22) id interval time (in ms) (optional) Default 5 minutes (300000 ms)
politeid = 30000			; time in milliseconds before ID timer expires to try and ID in the tail. (optional, default 30000)

unlinkedct = ct12			; Send a this courtesy tone when the user unkeys if the node is not connected to any other nodes. (optional, default is none)
remotect = ct3				; remote linked courtesy tone (indicates a remote is in the list of links)
linkunkeyct = ct4			; sent when a transmission received over the link unkeys
;nolocallinkct = 0			; Send unlinkedct instead if another local node is connected to this node (hosted on the same PC).

; Supermon smlogger
connpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 1
discpgm=/usr/local/sbin/supermon/smlogger 0

;connpgm = yourconnectprogram		; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on connect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being connected to us (them)
;discpgm = yourdisconnectprogram	; Disabled. Execute a program you specify on disconnect. (default)
					; passes 2 command line arguments to your program:
					; 1. node number in this stanza (us)
					; 2. node number being disconnected from us (them)

lnkactenable = 0			; Set to 1 to enable the link activity timer. Applicable to standard nodes only.

lnkacttime = 3600			; Link activity timer time in seconds.
lnkactmacro = *73			; Function to execute when link activity timer expires.
lnkacttimerwarn = custom/timeout		; Message to play when the link activity timer has 30 seconds left.

;remote_inact_timeout =	60		; Specifies the amount of time without keying from the link. Set to 0 to disable timeout. (15 * 60)
;remote_timeout =			; Session time out for remote base. Set to 0 to disable. (60 * 60)
;remote_timeout_warning_freq =		; 30
;remote_timeout_warning =		; (3 * 60)

;nounkeyct = 0				; Set to a 1 to eliminate courtesy tones and associated delays.

holdofftelem = 0			; Hold off all telemetry when signal is present on receiver or from connected nodes
					; except when an ID needs to be done and there is a signal coming from a connected node.

telemdefault = 1                        ; 0 = telemetry output off
                                        ; 1 = telemetry output on (default = 1)
                                        ; 2 = timed telemetry output on command execution and for a short time thereafter.

telemdynamic = 1                        ; 0 = disallow users to change the local telemetry setting with a COP command,
                                        ; 1 = Allow users to change the setting with a COP command. (default = 1)

beaconing = 1				; Send ID regardless of repeater activity (Required in the UK, but probably illegal in the US)

parrotmode = 1				; 0 = Parrot Off (default = 0)
					; 1 = Parrot On Command
					; 2 = Parrot Always
					; 3 = Parrot Once by Command

parrottime = 1000			; Set the amount of time in milliseconds
					; to wait before parroting what was received

;rxnotch=1065,40                        ; (Optional) Notch a particular frequency for a specified
                                        ; b/w. app_rpt must have been compiled with
                                        ; the notch option

startup_macro = *80*81*70

; nodenames = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames.callsign	; Point to alternate nodename sound directory

; Stream your node audio to Broadcastify or similar. See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Stream_Node_Audio_to_Broadcastify
; outstreamcmd = /bin/sh,-c,/usr/bin/lame --preset cbr 16 -r -m m -s 8 --bitwidth 16 - - | /usr/bin/ezstream -qvc /etc/ezstream.xml

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Need more information on these

;extnodes = extnodes-different	; section in extnodefile containing dynamic node information (optional)
;extnodefile = /home/gm4slv/rpt_extnodes	; Points to nodelist file containing dynamic node info default = /var/lib/asterisk/rpt_extnodes (optional)
;extnodefile2 =			; Is this a list of node files? Possible a list of private nodes or a list of static IPs for known nodes????
;nodenames = /foo/names         ; locaton of node sound files default = /var/lib/asterisk/sounds/rpt/nodenames
;archivedir = /tmp              ; defines and enables activity recording into specified directory (optional)
;monminblocks = 2048            ; Min 1K blocks to be left on partition (will not save monitor output if disk too full)

;                               ; The tailmessagetime,tailsquashedtime, and tailmessagelist need to be set
;                               ; to support tail messages. They can be omitted otherwise.
;tailmessagetime = 300000       ; Play a tail message every 5 mins
;tailsquashedtime = 30000       ; If squashed by another user,
;                               ; try again after 30 seconds
;tailmessagelist = msg1,msg2    ; list of messages to be played for tail message

; alt_functions
; ctgroup
; dphone_functions
; idtime
; iobase
; iospeed
; locallist
; mars		Remote Base
; memory
; nobusyout
; nodes
; nolocallinkct
; notelemtx
; outxlat
; parrot
; propagate_phonedtmf
; rptnode
; rptinactmacro  Macro to execute when inactivity timer expires
; rptinacttime   Inactivity timer time in seconds  (0 seconds disables feature)
; rxnotch	Optional Audio notch
; simplexphonedelay
; tonemacro
; tonezone
; txlimits


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;


; *** Status Reporting ***

; Comment the following statpost line stop to reporting of the status of your node to stats.allstarlink.org
statpost_url = http://stats.allstarlink.org/uhandler ; Status updates

[functions]

; Prefix	Functions
; *1		Disconnect Link
; *2		Monitor Link
; *3		Connect Link
; *4		Command Mode
; *5		Macros
; *6		User Functions
; *7		Connection Status/Functions
; *8		User Functions
; *9		User Functions
; *0		User Functions

; *A		User Functions
; *B		User Functions
; *C		User Functions
; *D		User Functions


; Mandatory Command Codes
1 = ilink,1		; Disconnect specified link
2 = ilink,2		; Connect specified link -- monitor only
3 = ilink,3		; Connect specified link -- tranceive
4 = ilink,4		; Enter command mode on specified link

70 = ilink,5		; System status

;99 = cop,6              ; PTT (phone mode only)

; End Mandatory Command Codes

73 = ilink,6		; Disconnect All Links
74 = ilink,16		; Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"

80 = status,11         ; Force ID (local only)
81 = status,12         ; Give Time of Day (local only)

91 = cop,21		; Enable Parrot Mode
92 = cop,22		; Disable Parrot Mode
93 = cop,55		; Parrot Once if parrot mode is disabled

98 = cop,2		; System enable
99 = cop,3		; System disable

901 = cop,1				; System warm boot

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Macro Commands
5 = macro

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Autopatch Commands
; Note, This may be a good place for other 2 digit frequently used commands

;61 = autopatchup,noct = 1,farenddisconnect = 1,dialtime = 20000  ; Autopatch up
;62 = autopatchdn                                                 ; Autopatch down

; autopatchup can optionally take comma delimited setting=value pairs:

; context = string		; Override default context with "string"
; dialtime = ms			; Specify the max number of milliseconds between phone number digits (1000 milliseconds = 1 second)
; farenddisconnect = 1		; Automatically disconnect when called party hangs up
; noct = 1			; Don't send repeater courtesy tone during autopatch calls
; quiet = 1			; Don't send dial tone, or connect messages. Do not send patch down message when called party hangs up
				; Example: 123=autopatchup,dialtime=20000,noct=1,farenddisconnect=1

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Status Commands

; 1 - Force ID (global)
; 2 - Give Time of Day (global)
; 3 - Give software Version (global)
; 4 - Give GPS location info
; 5 - Last (dtmf) user
; 11 - Force ID (local only)
; 12 - Give Time of Day (local only)

;721 = status,1          ; Force ID (global)
;722 = status,2          ; Give Time of Day (global)
;723 = status,3          ; Give software Version (global)
;724 = status,4          ; Give GPS location info
;725 = status,5          ; Last (dtmf) user



;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Link Commands

; 1 - Disconnect specified link
; 2 - Connect specified link -- monitor only
; 3 - Connect specified link -- tranceive
; 4 - Enter command mode on specified link
; 5 - System status
; 6 - Disconnect all links
; 7 - Last Node to Key Up
; 8 - Connect specified link -- local monitor only
; 9 - Send Text Message (9,<destnodeno or 0 (for all)>,Message Text, etc.
; 10 - Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
; 11 - Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
; 12 - Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
; 13 - Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
; 15 - Full system status (all nodes)
; 16 - Reconnect links disconnected with "disconnect all links"
; 17 - MDC test (for diag purposes)
; 18 - Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only

; ilink commands 1 through 5 are defined in the Mandatory Command section

;806 = ilink,6			; Disconnect all links
;827 = ilink,7			; Last Node to Key Up
;808 = ilink,8			; Connect specified link -- local monitor only
;809 = ilink,9,48148,"Testing"	; would send a text message to node 48148 replace 48148 with 0 for all connected nodes
;810 = ilink,10			; Disconnect all RANGER links (except permalinks)
;811 = ilink,11			; Disconnect a previously permanently connected link
;812 = ilink,12			; Permanently connect specified link -- monitor only
;823 = ilink,13			; Permanently connect specified link -- tranceive
;815 = ilink,15			; Full system status (all nodes)
;817 = ilink,17			; MDC test (for diag purposes)
;818 = ilink,18			; Permanently Connect specified link -- local monitor only

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

; Control operator (cop) functions.
; Change these to something other than these codes listed below!
; Uncomment as needed.

;901 = cop,1				; System warm boot

; 904 = cop,4				; Test tone on/off (toggle)
; 905 = cop,5				; Dump system variables on console (debug use only)

; 907 = cop,7				; Time out timer enable
; 908 = cop,8				; Time out timer disable

; 909 = cop,9				; Autopatch enable
; 910 = cop,10				; Autopatch disable

; 911 = cop,11				; User linking functions enable
; 912 = cop,12				; User linking functions disable

; 913 = cop,13				; Query system control state
; 914 = cop,14				; Set system control state

; 915 = cop,15				; Scheduler enable
; 916 = cop,16				; Scheduler disable

; 917 = cop,17				; User functions enable (time, id, etc)
; 918 = cop,18				; User functions disable

; 919 = cop,19				; Select alternate hang time (althangtime)
; 920 = cop,20				; Select standard hangtime (hangtime)


; 924 = cop,24				; Flush all telemetry
; 925 = cop,25				; Query last node un-keyed
; 926 = cop,26				; Query all nodes keyed/unkeyed
; 927 = cop,27				; Reset DAQ minimum on a pin
; 928 = cop,28				; Reset DAQ maximum on a pin

; 930 = cop,30				; Recall Memory Setting in Attached Xcvr

; 931 = cop,31				; Channel Selector for Parallel Programmed Xcvr

; 932 = cop,32				; Touchtone pad test: command + Digit string + # to playback all digits pressed

; 933 = cop,33				; Local Telemetry Output Enable
; 934 = cop,34				; Local Telemetry Output Disable
; 935 = cop,35				; Local Telemetry Output on Demand

; 936 = cop,36				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Enable
; 937 = cop,37				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Disable
; 938 = cop,38				; Foreign Link Local Output Path Follows Local Telemetry
; 939 = cop,39				; Foreign Link Local Output Path on Demand

; 942 = cop,42				; Echolink announce node # only
; 943 = cop,43				; Echolink announce node Callsign only
; 944 = cop,44				; Echolink announce node # & Callsign

; 945 = cop,45				; Link Activity timer enable
; 945 = cop,46				; Link Activity timer disable
; 947 = cop,47				; Reset "Link Config Changed" Flag

; 948 = cop,48				; Send Page Tone (Tone specs separated by parenthesis)

; 949 = cop,49				; Disable incoming connections (control state noice)
; 950 = cop,50				; Enable incoming connections (control state noicd)

; 951 = cop,51				; Enable sleep mode
; 952 = cop,52				; Disable sleep mode
; 953 = cop,53				; Wake up from sleep
; 954 = cop,54				; Go to sleep

; 956 = cop,56                            ; Rx CTCSS Enable
; 957 = cop,57                            ; Rx CTCSS Disable

; 958 = cop.58                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Enable
; 959 = cop,59                            ; Tx CTCSS On Input only Disable

; 960 = cop,60                            ; Send MDC-1200 Burst (cop,60,type,UnitID[,DestID,SubCode])
;                                         ; Type is 'I' for PttID, 'E' for Emergency, and 'C' for Call
;                                         ; (SelCall or Alert), or 'SX' for STS (ststus), where X is 0-F.
;                                         ; DestID and subcode are only specified for  the 'C' type message.
;                                         ; UnitID is the local systems UnitID. DestID is the MDC1200 ID of
;                                         ; the radio being called, and the subcodes are as follows:
;                                         ; Subcode '8205' is Voice Selective Call for Spectra ('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '8015' is Voice Selective Call for Maxtrac ('SC') or
;                                         ; Astro-Saber('Call')
;                                         ; Subcode '810D' is Call Alert (like Maxtrac 'CA')

; 961 = cop,61                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins (cop,61,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)
; 962 = cop,62                            ; Send Message to USB to control GPIO pins, quietly (cop,62,GPIO1=0[,GPIO4=1].....)

; 963 = cop,63                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification (cop,63,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 964 = cop,64                            ; Send pre-configred APRSTT notification, quietly (cop,64,CALL[,OVERLAYCHR])
; 965 = cop,65                            ; Send POCSAG page (equipped channel types only)

[functions-remote]

0 = remote,1                            ; Retrieve Memory
1 = remote,2                            ; Set freq.
2 = remote,3                            ; Set tx PL tone
3 = remote,4                            ; Set rx PL tone
40 = remote,100                         ; Rx PL off
41 = remote,101                         ; Rx PL on
42 = remote,102                         ; Tx PL off
43 = remote,103                         ; Tx PL on
44 = remote,104                         ; Low Power
45 = remote,105                         ; Medium Power
46 = remote,106                         ; High Power
711 = remote,107                        ; Bump -20
714 = remote,108                        ; Bump -100
717 = remote,109                        ; Bump -500
713 = remote,110                        ; Bump +20
716 = remote,111                        ; Bump +100
719 = remote,112                        ; Bump +500
721 = remote,113                        ; Scan - slow
724 = remote,114                        ; Scan - quick
727 = remote,115                        ; Scan - fast
723 = remote,116                        ; Scan + slow
726 = remote,117                        ; Scan + quick
729 = remote,118                        ; Scan + fast
79 = remote,119                         ; Tune
51 = remote,5                           ; Long status query
52 = remote,140				; Short status query
67 = remote,210				; Send a *
69 = remote,211				; Send a #
;91 = remote,99,CALLSIGN,LICENSETAG     ; Remote base login.
                                        ; Define a different dtmf sequence for each user which is
                                        ; authorized to use the remote base to control access to it.
                                        ; For examble 9139583=remote,99,WB6NIL,G would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WB6NIL as being logged in.
                                        ; Another entry, 9148351=remote,99,WA6ZFT,E would grant access to
                                        ; the remote base and announce WA6ZFT as being logged in.
                                        ; When the remote base is disconnected from the originating node, the
                                        ; user will be logged out. The LICENSETAG argument is used to enforce
					; tx frequency limits. See [txlimits] below.
85 = cop,6                              ; Remote base telephone key


[telemetry]

; Telemetry entries can be shared across all repeaters, or defined for each repeater.
; Can be a tone sequence, morse string, or a file
;
; |t - Tone escape sequence
;
; Tone sequences consist of 1 or more 4-tuple entries (freq1, freq2, duration, amplitude)
; Single frequencies are created by setting freq1 or freq2 to zero.
;
; |m - Morse escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the telemetry amplitude and telemetry frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; Follow with an alphanumeric string
;
; |i - Morse ID escape sequence
;
; Sends Morse code at the ID amplitude and ID frequency as defined in the
; [morse] section.
;
; path/to/sound/file/without/extension
;
; Send the sound if in place of a constructed tone. Do not include the file extension
; Example: ct8 = rpt/bloop
; Example: idrecording = rpt/nodenames/48148

ct1 = |t(350,0,100,2048)(500,0,100,2048)(660,0,100,2048)
ct2 = |t(660,880,150,2048)
ct3 = |t(440,0,150,4096)
ct4 = |t(550,0,150,2048)
ct5 = |t(660,0,150,2048)
ct6 = |t(880,0,150,2048)
ct7 = |t(660,440,150,2048)
ct8 = |t(700,1100,150,2048)
ranger = |t(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,50,0)(1800,0,60,3072)(0,0,150,0)
remotemon = |mR
;remotemon = |t(1209,0,50,2048)                                  ; local courtesy tone when receive only
remotetx = |mK
;remotetx = |t(1633,0,50,3000)(0,0,80,0)(1209,0,50,3000)		; local courtesy tone when linked Trancieve mode
cmdmode = |t(900,903,200,2048)
;functcomplete = |mW
functcomplete = |t(1000,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(1000,0,100,2048)
remcomplete = |t(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)(0,0,100,0)(650,0,100,2048)
pfxtone = |t(350,440,30000,3072)
patchup = rpt/callproceeding
patchdown = rpt/callterminated

ct12 = |mI
ct13 = |mR

; As far as what the numbers mean,
; (000,000,010,000)
;   |   |   |   |-------amplitude
;   |   |   |-------------duration
;   |   |-------------------Tone 2
;   |-------------------------Tone 1

; So, with 0,0,10,0 That says No Tone1, No Tone2, 10ms duration, 0 Amplitude.
; Use it for a delay.  Fine tuning for how long before telemetry is sent, in conjunction with the telemdelay parameter)
; The numbers, like 350,440,10,2048 are 350Hz, 440Hz, 10ms delay, amplitude of 2048.

; Morse code parameters, these are common to all repeaters.

[morse]
speed = 18				; Approximate speed in WPM
frequency = 800				; Morse Telemetry Frequency
amplitude = 4096			; Morse Telemetry Amplitude
idfrequency = 1065			; Morse ID Frequency
idamplitude = 1024			; Morse ID Amplitude

;
; This section allows wait times for telemetry events to be adjusted
; A section for wait times can be defined for every repeater
;

[wait-times]
telemwait = 400                        ; Time to wait before sending most telemetry
idwait = 500                            ; Time to wait before starting ID
unkeywait = 200                        ; Time to wait after unkey before sending CT's and link telemetry
calltermwait = 2000                     ; Time to wait before announcing "call terminated"

; Memories for remote bases

[memory]
;00 = 146.580,100.0,m
;01 = 147.030,103.5,m+t
;02 = 147.240,103.5,m+t
;03 = 147.765,79.7,m-t
;04 = 146.460,100.0,m
;05 = 146.550,100.0,m

; Place command macros here

[macro]
11 = *141223# ; disc. hubnet
21 = *241223# ; monitor hubnet
31 = *341223# ; transceive hubnet

12 = *12197# ; disc Freestar
22 = *22197# ; monitor Freestar
32 = *32197# ; transceive Freestar

13 = *129332# ; disc Alaska
23 = *229332# ; monitor Alaska
33 = *329332# ; transceive Alaska

14 = *154383# ; disc CQ North
24 = *254383# ; monitor CQ North
34 = *354383# ; transceive CQ North

191 = *140894# ; disconnect hubnet Echo
391 = *340894# ; connect hubnet echo

192 = *13009999#	; dis echolink echotest
392 = *33009999#	; con echolink echotest



; Data Acquisition configuration

;[daq-list]
;device = device_name1
;device = device_name2

;Where: device_name1 and device_name2 are stanzas you define in this file

;device = daq-cham-1

; Device name

;[daq-cham-1]				; Defined in [daq-list]
;hwtype = uchameleon			; DAQ hardware type
;devnode = /dev/ttyUSB0			; DAQ device node (if required)
;1 = inadc				; Pin definition for an ADC channel
;2 = inadc
;3 = inadc
;4 = inadc
;5 = inadc
;6 = inadc
;7 = inadc
;8 = inadc
;9 = inp				; Pin definition for an input with a weak pullup resistor
;10 = inp
;11 = inp
;12 = inp
;13 = in				; Pin definition for an input without a weak pullup resistor
;14 = out				; Pin definition for an output
;15 = out
;16 = out
;17 = out
;18 = out

;[meter-faces]

;face = scale(scalepre,scalediv,scalepost),word/?,...
;
; scalepre = offset to add before dividing with scalediv
; scalediv = full scale/number of whole units (e.g. 256/20 or 12.8 for 20 volts).
; scalepost = offset to add after dividing with scalediv
;
;face = range(X-Y:word,X2-Y2:word,...),word/?,...
;face = bit(low-word,high-word),word/?,...
;
; word/? is either a word in /var/lib/asterisk/sounds or one of its subdirectories,
; or a question mark which is  a placeholder for the measured value.
;
;
; Battery voltage 0-20 volts
;batvolts = scale(0,12.8,0),rpt/thevoltageis,?,ha/volts
; 4 quadrant wind direction
;winddir = range(0-33:north,34-96:west,97-160:south,161-224:east,225-255:north),rpt/thewindis,?
; LM34 temperature sensor with 130 deg. F full scale
;lm34f = scale(0,1.969,0),rpt/thetemperatureis,?,degrees,fahrenheit
; Status poll (non alarmed)
;light = bit(ha/off,ha/on),ha/light,?

;[alarms]
;
;tag = device,pin,node,ignorefirst,func-low,func-hi
;
;tag = a unique name for the alarm
;device = daq device to poll
;pin = the device pin to be monitored
;ignorefirstalarm = set to 1 to throwaway first alarm event, or 0 to report it
;node = the node number to execute the function on
;func-low = the DTMF function to execute on a high to low transition
;func-high = the DTMF function to execute on a low to high transition
;
; a  '-' as a function name is shorthand for no-operation
;
;door = daq-cham-1,9,1,2017,*7,-
;pwrfail = daq-cham-1,10,0,2017,*911111,-
;
; Control states
; Allow several control operator functions to be changed at once using one command (good for scheduling)
;
;[controlstates]
;statenum = copcmd,[copcmd]...
;0 = rptena,lnkena,apena,totena,ufena,noicd  ; Normal operation
;1 = rptena,lnkena,apdis,totdis,ufena,noice  ; Net and news operation
;2 = rptena,lnkdis,apdis,totena,ufdis,noice  ; Repeater only operation

; Scheduler - execute a macro at a given time

[schedule]
;dtmf_function =  m h dom mon dow  ; ala cron, star is implied
;8 = 55 12 * * *   ; at midnight, execute macro 2.

; See https://wiki.allstarlink.org/wiki/Event_Management
[events]

#includeifexists custom/rpt.conf

simpleusb.conf

/etc/asterisk/simpleusb.conf

; If you are going to use this channel driver, you MUST enable it in modules.conf
; change:
; noload => chan_simpleusb.so ;                   CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)
; to:
; load => chan_simpleusb.so ;                   CM1xx USB Cards with Radio Interface Channel Driver (No DSP)

; SimpleUSB configuration

[general]

[usb_48148]

eeprom = 0              ; EEPROM installed: 0,1
                        ; 0 = no (default)
                        ; 1 = yes

hdwtype = 0		; Leave this set to 0 for USB sound fobs modified using
			; the instructions from usbfob.pdf. Use a setting of 
			; 1 is for Dingotel/Sph interfaces.

; Receiver parameters

rxboost = 0             ; 0 = 20db attenuator inserted, 1= 20db attenuator removed
                        ; Set to 1 for additonal gain if using a low-level receiver output

carrierfrom = usb ; no,usb,usbinvert
                        ; no - no carrier detection at all
                        ; usb - from the COR line on the USB sound fob (Active high)
                        ; usbinvert - from the inverted COR line on the USB sound fob (Active low)

ctcssfrom = no		; no,usb,usbinvert
                        ; no - CTCSS decoding, system will be carrier squelch
                        ; usb - CTCSS decoding using input from USB sound fob (Active high)
                        ; usbinvert - from the inverted CTCSS line on the USB sound fob (Active low)

deemphasis = yes         ; enable de-emphasis (input from discriminator)

plfilter = no           ; enable PL filter

;rxondelay = 0		; number of 20ms intervals to hold off receiver turn-on indication


; Transmitter parameters

txmixa = voice          ; Left channel output (A): no,voice
                        ; no - Do not output anything
                        ; voice - output voice only

txmixb = no		; Right channel output (B): no,voice
                        ; no - Do not output anything
                        ; voice - output voice only

txboost = 0

invertptt = 0           ; Invert PTT: 0,1
                        ; 0 - ground to transmit
                        ; 1 - open to transmit

preemphasis = yes	; Perform standard 6db/octave pre-emphasis

; pager = no            ; no,a,b (e.g. pager = b means "put the normal repeat audio on channel A, and the pager audio on channel B")

; duplex3 = 0           ; duplex 3 gain setting (0 to disable)

duplex = 0              ; Duplex 0,1
                        ; 0 - half duplex
                        ; 1 - full duplex

#includeifexists custom/simpleusb.conf

simpleusb_tune_usb_48148.conf

/etc/asterisk/simpleusb_tune_usb_48148.conf

[usb_48148]
; name=usb_48148
; devicenum=1
devstr=1-1.2:1.0
rxmixerset=330
txmixaset=70
txmixbset=50

crontab

00 * * * * sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -rx “rpt localplay 481481 /home/gm4slv/mb7aze_id ” >/dev/null 2>&1

00 * * * * sleep 4 && sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -rx “rpt fun 481481 *81” >/dev/null 2>&1

Page created Sun May 29 15:48:50 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 21:19 BST

pi, radio, allstar, mb7aze

YaDDNet Data Backup

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←YaDDNet

YaDDNet Data Backup

Offsite Text file backups of all DSC messages

Alan Spindel initially suggested an offsite backup of the DSC messages in 2019
YaDDNet has had the facility to send copies of each new message out to specified IP addresses via UDP since that time
The DSC messages are sent by UDP as simple plain text, for easy archiving
The archived text file can be used if necessary to rebuild the SQL database table containing the DSC messages in case of disaster
Since I'm now hosting YaDDNet again I decided I should run a UDP log receiver at home to improve the backup provision
The daily archive files will be gzipped and stored on Dropbox
- I could share the link to anyone who is interested in using the saved data

YaDDNet UDP Send to Mirror

In the PyYadd.py function a DSC message is created from the raw incoming data from YaDD (and DSC Decoder) in a standard format.
This involves converting MMSI → Coast or Ship name, finding the [MID] and corresponding country etc.
Prior to using the newly created message to inject new data into the SQL server PyYadd.py calls the function send_to_mirror() to send out the UDP packet to any configured IP addresses
PyYadd.py then inserts the new data in the SQL server
Any addressed & listening UDP clients receive the UDP packets and append them to a log file

def send_to_mirror(data):
    log_data = "[log];"+data
    port = 2505
    host = "aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd.eee"
    host2 = "fff.ggg.hhh.iii"
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
    sock.sendto(log_data, (host, port))
    sock.sendto(log_data, (host2, port))
 
    return

Backup UDP receive and logrotate

UDP Listener

#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# udp_logger.py
#
 
import SocketServer
import socket
import threading
 
class ThreadedUDPRequestHandler(SocketServer.BaseRequestHandler):
 
    def handle(self):
        data = self.request[0].strip()
        socket = self.request[1]
        self.write_file(data)
 
    def write_file(self,text):
        filename = '/home/gm4slv/yaddlogs/yaddnet_udp_log.txt'
        f = open(filename, 'a+')
        log = text
        f.write(log+"\n")
        f.close()
        return
 
class ThreadedUDPServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.UDPServer):
    pass
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    HOST, PORT = "", 2505
    server = ThreadedUDPServer((HOST, PORT), ThreadedUDPRequestHandler)
    ip, port = server.server_address
    server.serve_forever()
    # Start a thread with the server -- 
    # that thread will then start one
    # more thread for each request
    server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
    # Exit the server thread when the main thread terminates
    server_thread.daemon = True
    server_thread.start()
    server.shutdown()

The UDP Log Receiver listens to UDP/2505 for incoming packets from YaDDNet. These are of the form:

[log];2024-04-19 08:43:06;NLD_MB_HF1;2187.5;SEL;002050480;COAST;205;Belgium;Ostende Radio;SAF;636092799;SHIP;636;Liberia;CISNES, D5HF4, Cargo;TEST;NOINF;--;--;REQ;OK
[log];2024-04-19 08:43:28;BDXC-Han-Remote;12577.0;SEL;002241022;COAST;224;Spain;Coruna Radio;SAF;538005991;SHIP;538;Marshall Islands;NAVIG8 VIOLETTE, V7IH3, Tanker;TEST;NOINF;--;--;REQ;OK

each new packet is appended to the running log file /home/gm4slv/yaddlogs/yaddnet_udp_log.txt
the file will grow indefinitely if left to itself!

Logrotate

run by Crontab every day at midnight
copies the current running log to a timestamped file
erases the contents of the running log file
gzips the timestamped copy and moves it to Dropbox

## CRONTAB ENTRY
 
00 00 * * * /home/gm4slv/bin/yaddlog_rotate.sh /dev/null 2>&1

#!/bin/bash
#
# yaddlog_rotate.sh
 
DROPBOX=/home/gm4slv/Dropbox/Yaddlogs/
DIR=/home/gm4slv/yaddlogs
 
INFILE=yaddnet_udp_log.txt
 
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d_%H%M`
 
OUTFILE=$TIMESTAMP\_$INFILE
 
cp $DIR/$INFILE $DIR/$OUTFILE
cat /dev/null > $DIR/$INFILE
 
 
gzip $DIR/$OUTFILE
 
mv $DIR/$OUTFILE.gz $DROPBOX

This creates a gzipped log file in my Dropbox of each day's new DSC messages

Starting the UDP Listener at boot-up

crontab entry to start it as a background job at @reboot

#
# CRONTAB ENTRY
#
@reboot python /home/gm4slv/bin/udp_logger.py &

— John Pumford-Green 19/04/24 09:31 BST

Last updated : 04/06/26 07:39 BST

Further Information

YaDDNet

radio, yaddnet

Experiments

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 09 Jul 2026 13:09:34 +0000

←Playground Area

Experiments

Radio Discussions

Blog Discussions

All Comments

QRSS MEPT	12/07/26 08:26 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, qrss, arduino, mept
Arduino Project	10/07/26 23:15 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, arduino, qrss, homebrew
Soldersmoke	10/07/26 22:40 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, soldersmoke, podcast
Shack To Makerspace	09/07/26 22:40 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, shack
Experiments	09/07/26 14:04 BST		4 Comments
Some QRSS Grabs	09/07/26 13:08 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, qrss, qmx, grabber
QRSS	08/07/26 12:24 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, qrss, 30m, qmx, grabber
QRSS	08/07/26 11:33 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, qrss, qrp, qmx, knightsqrss
Diaries	07/07/26 09:56 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	diary
The Fediverse	07/07/26 09:55 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	mastodon, peertube, fediverse
Radio Update - QRP etc	07/07/26 09:55 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, cw, qrp, qmx
Antenna Changes	07/07/26 09:54 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, antenna, qrp
Radio Clubs	07/07/26 09:54 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, radio club, q-qrp-c, fists, cw
QMX Two Way QSO	07/07/26 09:54 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	radio, qmx, qrp, cw
Becoming Teetotal	07/07/26 09:52 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	makeittea
Finding Things In A Diary	19/04/26 09:48 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	diary
Privacy ?	19/04/26 09:45 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments
Music - A Return To An Old Hobby	19/04/26 09:45 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	music
Blogging Platforms	19/04/26 09:44 BST	John Pumford-Green	0 Comments	pure, blog

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The Fediverse

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 07 Jul 2026 09:05:25 +0000

The Fediverse

I restarted my amateur radio hobby recently, on a small scale, just HF CW.

I had a QSO with Julian G4VHJ on 30m CW and he reminded me of the You Tube videos I'd made a few years ago when I was fairly active on CW and making You Tube videos of CW QSOs seemed a nice niche thing to do.

Since I left the mainstream internet behind - so-called De-Googling - and deleted my Google/You Tube account among many other things, and decided to concentrate on “smol web” methods - Gopher, and this wiki mostly - I did have qualms about not being able to share short personal hobby-related videos. I didn't miss consuming lots of You Tube content - it's still possible to watch You Tube without an account, and with an Ad Blocker, if you forgo the “history” and algorithmic pushing of content. But not being able to share my own short video clips was beginning to make me consider my position regarding Google/You Tube….

Then I remembered “Peer Tube” - I'd heard of it, but wasn't sure what it involved. So I had a look, and it's just what I was hoping for. I don't want a huge audience, I don't want “followers” and certainly don't want Advertising and monetization etc. Just a simple way of making short geeky videos available on the web….

So I created an account at makertube.net : https://makertube.net/c/rf_eclectica/videos and made a couple of videos of some CW QSOs, and dug out an old one from 2023 as well, just to get the ball rolling.

So far, so good….

Then I re-discovered Mastodon - I'd tried it in the past and found it partly good, and partly annoying.

The post-Twitter-migration dust seems to have settled and perhaps this is time to re-think.

I managed to get my account at mastodon.radio re-activated thanks to Christopher M0YNG and I've been refreshing my memory about using it.

I'm @gm4slv@mastodon.radio

I still want to continue my Gopher hole - but perhaps also re-ignite my use of this wiki/blog and Mastodon too.

mastodon, peertube, fediverse

Laptop FreeBSD

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 08:43:16 +0000

←Computers

Laptop FreeBSD

I moved my Dell laptop from Devuan Linux to FreeBSD and here are some things I needed to do and some things I did for convenience….

Graphics

I found the basic install of the recommended drm-kmod package and i915kms driver wouldn't work - it crashed/hung during boot.

Removing this package and using the SCFB video driver worked, but didn't give (for example) DPMS control of the LCD screen.

I used SCFB temporarily be adding an xorg conf file 20-vesa.conf to /usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/

Section "Device"
        Identifier "Card0"
        Driver "scfb"
EndSection

This was a reasonable workaround, but I found the solution to using correct Intel i915kms driver here : https://blog.hofstede.it/freebsd-150-on-the-thinkpad-t480-efficient-stable-and-8-hours-on-battery/

This is what worked:

Installed new packages

drm-latest-kmod

gpu-firmware-intel-kmod-kabylake

added to /etc/rc.conf

kld_list="i915kms"

added to /boot/loader.conf

# Graphics and power tuning
i915kms_load="YES"
drm.i915.enable_rc6=7
drm.i915.enable_fbc=1
drm.i915.lvds_downclock=1
drm.i915.enable_psr=1
compat.linuxkpi.i915_disable_power_well="0"

i915kms now loads and I have access to DPMS for turning off the LCD screen.

LCD Panel on/off

I made a few small shell scripts to assist in controlling the battery consumption by being able to alter LCD brightness, and turn the LCD off via DPMS and makde i3 shorcuts to them.

(later I made the same key actions for DWM when I moved back to using DWM)

now I can “$mod+Shift+o” to reduce brightness and “$mod+Shift+p” to increase it, and “$mod+Shift+i” to turn the LCD screen off completely.

I also added a devd rule to turn the LCD screen off when the lid is closed - this confused me initially, as it worked when testing it by adding the rule, restarting devd and testing, from within an X-Session…. but didn't work when devd was started during bootup…

This was due to the lack of DISPLAY if the script was triggered from “outside” the X session. Changing the script to set the DISPLAY variable was the solution.

/etc/devd/rules.d/lid.conf

notify 20 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "Lid";
match "notify" "0x01";
action "/home/g4slv/bin/on";
};
notify 20 {
match "system" "ACPI";
match "subsystem" "Lid";
match "notify" "0x00";
action "/home/g4slv/bin/off";
};

The lid actions call one of these →

~/bin/on

#!/usr/local/bin/bash
 
su g4slv -c 'setenv DISPLAY :0.0 && /usr/local/bin/xset dpms force on'

~/bin/off

#!/usr/local/bin/bash
 
su g4slv -c 'setenv DISPLAY :0.0 && /usr/local/bin/xset dpms force off'

Other tweaks

Small scripts to automate swithing between Wifi and Ethernet

net_wlan.sh

#!/bin/sh
 
doas service netif stop em0 
doas service netif start wlan0
doas service dhclient restart wlan0

net_eth.sh

#!/bin/sh
 
doas service netif stop wlan0 
doas service netif start em0
doas service dhclient restart em0

Serial USB Adaptors

To get access to a USB serial device as normal user (as long as I'm in the wheel group) I added a rule in /etc/devd.conf

notify 100 {
        match "system"          "DEVFS";
        match "subsystem"       "CDEV";
        match "type"            "CREATE";
        match "cdev"            "ttyU[0-9]+";
        action "chmod ug+rw /dev/$cdev";
 
};

This makes the device R/W for the wheel group. Without this rule (the chmod part) the device is only R/W for root.

Other Config Files

/etc/rc.conf

hostname="proton"
keymap="uk.kbd"
wlans_iwm0="wlan0"
ifconfig_wlan0="WPA  DHCP"
ip6addrctl_enable="NO"
ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="NO"
ifconfig_wlan0_ipv6="inet6 ifdisabled"
ifconfig_em0_ipv6="inet6 ifdisabled"
ifconfig_lo0_ipv6="inet6 ifdisabled"
create_args_wlan0="country GB regdomain NONE"
sshd_enable="YES"
sshd_flags="-4"

ntpd_enable="YES"
ntpd_sync_on_start="YES"
ntpd_flags="-4"

ftpd_enable="YES"
ftpd_flags="-4"


moused_nondefault_enable="NO"
# Set dumpdev to "AUTO" to enable crash dumps, "NO" to disable
dumpdev="AUTO"
zfs_enable="YES"
cupsd_enable="YES"
devfs_system_ruleset="system"
dbus_enable="YES"


avahi_daemon_enable="YES"

avahi_dnsconfd_enable="YES"
inetd_enable="YES"
rwhod_enable="YES"

kld_list="i915kms"

powerd_enable="YES"
powerd_flags="-a adaptive -b minimum "
update_motd="NO"
dynamic_motd="YES"
ifconfig_em0="DHCP"
autofs_enable="YES"

/boot/loader.conf

kern.geom.label.disk_ident.enable="0"
kern.geom.label.gptid.enable="0"
zfs_load="YES"
i915kms_load="YES"
drm.i915.enable_rc6="7"
drm.i915.semaphores="1"
drm.i915.enable_fbc="1"
drm.i915.lvds_downclock=1
drm.i915.enable_psr=1
compat.linuxkpi.i915_disable_power_well="0"
fuse_load="YES"
iwm8265fw_load="YES"

~/.xinitrc

xrdb -load ~/.Xdefaults
setxkbmap -layout gb
xset s noblank
xset s noexpose
xset dpms 600 660 670
backlight 40
 
eval $(gnome-keyring-daemon --start)
export SSH_AUTH_LOCK
 
feh --bg-center -B "#005577"  ~/freebsd.svg
 
pulseaudio &
 
dwmblocks &
 
pasystray &
 
nextcloud & 
 
exec dbus-launch --exit-with-x11 dwm

pkg prime-list

Here's the list of intentionally installed packages currently

FreeBSD-kernel-generic
FreeBSD-kernel-generic-dbg
FreeBSD-set-base
FreeBSD-set-lib32
FreeBSD-set-minimal
alpine
ansilove
automount
avahi
bash
bombadillo
claws-mail
claws-mail-bogofilter
claws-mail-dillo
claws-mail-pdf_viewer
detox
dmidecode
doas
drm-latest-kmod
dunst
dynamic_motd
evince
feh
ffmpegthumbnailer
figlet
firefox-esr
fldigi
foomatic-db-hpijs
freebsd-ftpd
freebsd-telnetd
fusefs-jmtpfs
gmake
gnome-keyring
gnucash
gopher
gpu-firmware-intel-kmod-kabylake
gvfs
hplip
i3blocks
imv
iperf
libptytty
libreoffice
librewolf
lynx
mixertui
most
mousepad
mpv
musikcube
nano
neofetch
nextcloudclient
nss_mdns
openshot
pasystray
pavucontrol
pcmanfm
pkg
pkgconf
polo
py311-i3ipc
py311-pip
rename
rsync
sacc
scrot
setsid
shotwell
slock
slrn
thunar
thunar-archive-plugin
tightvnc
tmux
vim
vlc
wireshark
xarchiver
xorg
yt-dlp
zip

Further Information

Page created : 04/06/26 11:04 BST

Page updated : 05/06/26 09:43 BST

computer, freebsd

Desk15 - firmware for the DM15

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:14:55 +0000

←3rd Party Firmware

Desk15 - firmware for the DM15

From HP Forum https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-23488.html
You Tube https://youtu.be/ktrKZzN3wJw
Github for firmware and brief README guide https://github.com/zooxo/desk15

Firmware Files

Date	Firmware	Comment
17/02/26	desk15-001.hex	Version 01

README

The developer's README (click to read)

This software is protected by the BSD 3 Clause Licence
and copyright (c) 2025 by deetee. All rights reserved.


DESK15 - Calculator suite (including a Spreadsheet) for the DM-15

____________________

PREAMBLE
____________________

The HP-15c was probably the most simple but versatile scientific calculator.
Similar to DESK42 (for the DM42) DESK15 offers an alternative firmware for the
DM15/DM15L replica of Swissmicros with a suite of some applications like a
complex number calculator, a spreadsheet, a symbolic, a tabletop calculator
and even a sliderule and a simple text editor.

Have fun!
deetee


____________________

INSTALLATION
____________________

To install a new firmware to a DM-15 (Voyager) calculator have a look at
chapter Firmware Update of the Swissmicros Voyager Series User Manual at:
  https://technical.swissmicros.com/voyager/firmware/

On linux computers for example install the package lpc21isp and flash the
desired firmware (hex file) to the calculator with:
  sudo lpc21isp <firmware.hex> /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 12000

After starting this command press the reset button on the backside of the
calculator with a paperclip. After the flashing procedure ends you might need to
reset the calculator again. Every Swissmicros-Calculator has a reset button
on the PCB (even if there is no hole to reach it).


____________________

DESK
____________________

When you start DESK15 the first time you see the application launcher DESK. You
can launch the desired application with the keys 7, 8, 9 and 4, 5, 6:

  7 PLEX ... Complex Number Calculator
  8 FLEX ... Symbolic Calculator
  9 RAX  ... Spreadsheet
  4 TTOP ... Table Top Calculator
  5 RULE ... Slide Rule Simulation
  6 TEX  ... Text Editor

On the right side of the screen you see some extra information like the battery
level, date (day) and time (24 hour format).

Please note that the battery level is a momentarily value that varies due to the
momentarily activity of the calculator. But if you see the empty battery symbol
quite often you might consider changing the battery.

____________________

PLEX
____________________

PLEX is a scientific calculator generically designed to work with complex
numbers. Many routines of PLEX are used by other applications (even if they work
with real numbers only). Beside advanced mathematic functions it even offers an
extensive function analysis (function value, slope, solve, integrate and plot).

PLEX supports the following functions:
  Basic
    0-9.      Number input
    ENTER     Enter number (stack lift) or duplicate TOS
    + - * /   Basic operation
    CHS       Negate TOS (ends number input)
    EEX       Push Y*10^X to the stack
    BSP gBSP  Clear number entry or TOS, clear stack and statistics data
    LASTx     Push last ENTERed number to stack
    SWAP      Swap X and Y
    ROT up/dn Rotate 3 stack elements
    STO RCL   Store TOS or push stored number to stack (store 0 to delete)
  Complex number operations
    fTAN      Convert X and Y (real values) to complex number (and vice versa)
    f1 g1     Display number in rectangular or polar view
    f-        Swap real and imaginary part of complex number
    fCHS      Conjugate complex number
  Advanced mathematics
    SQRT, SQR, EXP, LN, 10^X, LOG, Y^X, %, 1/X, delta%,
    FRAC, INT, ABS, PI, Pxy, Cxy, lnGAMMA (f0),
    SIN, COS, TAN, aSIN, aCOS, aTAN, SINH, COSH, TANH, aSINH, aCOSH, aTANH
    fENTER    NAND ~(X & Y) ... useful in HEX mode
    g-        Calculate 2 roots of quadratic equation xx+px+q=0 (enter p q)
    fCOS      PV (present value) of interest rate (%) and duration (periods)
  Statistics
    SUM+ SUM- Add/remove number to/from statistics registers
    g0 g.     Mean value and standard deviation
    fSUM      Parameters a and b of linear regression (y=a*x+b)
    gBSP      Clears statistics registers (and stack)
  Function analysis
    gR/S      Start key recorder to input f(x) (gR/S R/S to delete)
    R/S       Stop key recorder, calculate y=f(x)
    fg/ fg*   Solve, slope, integrate, plot
    GSB 8/9   SAVE/LOAD a recorded function to/from one of 6 slots
  Conversions
    fg7 8 9   cm<>in, km<>mi, km<>nmi
    fg4 5 6   kg<>lbs, °C<>°F, l<>gal
    fg1 2 3   rect/polar view, h<>h.ms, deg<>rad
  Menu
    GSB       QUIT, SAVE/LOAD, Physical Constant, Size of font, HEX mode
    fGSB      BATTERY, set LCD brightness/voltage, set OFFTIME
    gGSB      Get/set DATE, get/set TIME

    Please note:
    When in HEX mode enter numbers >9 with a dot (ie .1=a, .6=f).
    To set the OFFTIME (default is 60s) enter the desired value (5-300) in
    seconds to the stack and press Toff (fGSB6).
    Be careful when setting the lcd brightness (fGSB4, 0-64) or lcd voltage
    (fGSB5, 0-5-7). The default values are 0 and 5.
    Get/set date and time from/to the real time clock (RTC) with the gGSB menu.
    The format for the date on the stack is YY.MMDDw (where w is the number of
    the weekday (0=Monday). The format for the time is HH.MM.

  Physical constants keys (GSB4):
    ENTER     Select (push) constant
    2 8 3 9   Down, Up, PgDown, PgUp
    GSB       Quit (without selecting)

  Physical constants;
    0  c    299792458         Speed of light
    1  g    9.80665           Acceleration of gravity
    2  G    6.67430e-11       Newton constant of gravity
    3  Vm   0.02271095464     Molar volume of ideal gas
    4  NA   6.02214076e23     Avogadro constant
    5  Rinf 10973731.568160   Rydberg constant
    6  h    6.62607015e-34    Planck constant
    7  Phi0 2.067833848e-15   Magnetic flux quantum
    8  a0   5.29177210903e-11 Bohr radius
    9  k    1.380649e-23      Boltzmann constant
    10 R    8.314462618       Molar gas constant
    11 F    96485.33212       Faraday constant
    12 t    273.15            Celsius temperature
    13 atm  101325            Standard atmosphere
    14 e    1.602176634e-19   Elementary charge
    15 eps0 8.8541878128e-12  Vacuum electric permittivity
    16 mu0  1.25663706212e-6  Vacuum magnetic permeability
    17 Z0   376.730313668     Impedance of vacuum
    18 mU   1.6605390666e-27  Atomic mass constant
    19 re   2.8179403262e-15  Electron radius
    20 me   9.1093837015e-31  Electron mass
    21 mp   1.67262192369e-27 Proton mass
    22 mn   1.67492749804e-27 Neutron mass
    23 mmu  1.883531627e-28   Muon mass
    24 muB  9.2740100783e-24  Bohr magneton
    25 muN  5.0507837461e-27  Nuclear magneton
    26 mue  -9.2847647043e-24 Electron magnetic moment
    27 mup  1.41060679736e-26 Proton magnetic moment
    28 mun  -9.6623651e-27    Neutron magnetic moment
    29 mumu -4.4904483e-26    Muon magnetic moment
    30 alph 7.2973525693e-3   Fine structure constant
    31 sigm 5.670374419e-8    Stefan-Boltzmann constant
    32 G0   7.748091729       Conductance quantum
    33 gamp 2.6752218744e8    Proton gyromagnetic ratio
    34 C1   3.741771852e-16   First radiation constant
    35 C2   1.438776877e-2    Second radiation constant


____________________

RAX
____________________

RAX is the spreadsheet application of DESK15. When starting RAX you are in the
navigation mode, where the number keys work as cursor pad (see below). The
navigation mode is also active when you refer in a formula to a specific cell.

Keys in navigation mode:
  2 4 6 8  Navigation (Down/Left/Right/Up)
  ENTER 5  Edit selected cell, edit new formula cell
  R/S      Define and edit a new text cell
  BSP      Delete cell
  STO RCL  Save/load spreadsheet to/from one of 6 slots
           Please note that a text in the last cell (D8) is used as slot name.
  GSB      Menu: Quit RAX, New sheet, Copy&Glue/Paste, Hex mode (see PLEX)

Keys in edit mode (ENTER to select and quit):
  SST GTO        Cursor left/right
  SUM+           Insert a stack enter command to separate numbers
  BSP            Backspace - delete character
  RCL            Reference (Select reference cell and enter)
  ENTER GSB R/S  Quit edit mode to navigation mode

Keys in text edit mode (R/S):
  2 4 6 8    Navigation (Down/Left/Right/Up)
  7 1 5      Pos1, End, Center
  SST GTO    Cursor left/right
  BSP        Delete character (left of cursor)
  R/S ENTER  Exit text editing mode
  Any other key inserts the selected character.


____________________

FLEX
____________________

The symbolic calculator FLEX has the look and feel of PLEX, but actually
calculates in the first cell of a RAX spreadsheet. Hence you can see and edit
(with R/S) the formula that yields to the result.

Quit FLEX (and go back to the DESK menu) with GSB.

____________________

TTOP
____________________

TTOP is a tabletop calculator that enables (simple) calculations with big
numbers (even in HEX format) with up to 17 digits. If desired two digits are
used for decimals (ie for cent amounts). PLease note that entering decimals
(after pressing ".") always "shifts the pressed number key in".

TTOP supports the following functions:
  + - * / Basic operation
  CHS     Negate TOS (ends number input)
  EEX     Push Y*10^X to the stack (Y*16^X in HEX mode)
  ENTER   Enter number (stack lift) or duplicate TOS
  SWAP    Swap X and Y
  ROT     Rotate 3 stack elements
  BSP     Clear last number
  SQRT    Calculate square root
  SUM+    NAND ~(X & Y) ... useful in HEX mode
  STO RCL Store TOS or push stored number to stack (store 0 to delete)
  GSB     Menu: Quit TTOP, 0/2 decimals, HEX mode


____________________

RULE
____________________

RULE is a simulation of a historic slide rule for reasons of education and
reminiscence.

RULE supports the following functions:
  SQRT /   Slide one pixel left/right
  EXP 9    Slide 5 pixel left/right
  POW10 8  Slide 10 pixel left/right
  POW 7    Slide 20 pixel left/right
  GSB      Quit RULE


____________________

TEX
____________________

TEX is a (very) simple line oriented text editor. But as entering a text with
cursor keys is quite a pain TEX is sufficient to manage a ToDo or shopping list
or some important formulae. Please note that TEX can manage a maximum of 255
characters (with not more than 18 characters per line).

TTOP supports the following functions:
  4 8 3 9  Navigation (Down/Up/PdDown/PgUp)
  ENTER    Edit (top) line
  /        Edit line but split line at cursor position after editing
  *        Join two lines
  - BSP    Delete (top) line
  +        Insert line before top line
  STO RCL  Save/load TEX document to/from one of 6 slots
  GSB      Quit TEX

  To enter a new line after the last line edit with split option (/) and
  leave editor immediately (ENTER).
  To edit a text TEX uses the text editing routines of RAX (see above).

Further Information

Page created : 17/02/26 17:44 GMT

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:14 BST

calculator, dm15l, desk15

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:20:12 +0000

←3rd Party Firmware

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

A 3rd Party Firmware for the DM15 family of calculators

Overview of LF15C

Full development history in HP Forum thread New firmware for the Swissmicros DM15L

LF15C is written by HP Museum Forum member jebedeo
It is a replacement firmware for the Swiss Micros DM15C & DM15L calculators.
- also runs on the original DM15 credit card version no longer in production
It is not an emulation or an exact simulation of the HP15C
It runs directly on the hardware without an emulation layer.
It is very much faster than the stock firmware
It has full-time complex number support
- including display of the full real & imaginary parts on the LCD together 3.345 +22.356 i
It has a 4-level stack with full-time 2-level display of X and Y
All the main HP15C functions are included with the exception of Matrix support

Installing LF15C

DM15L running V32 or earlier (Linux)

sudo lpc21isp LF15C_250408.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
Press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start new firmware

DM15L running V33 or later (Linux)

This behaviour isn't consistent!

I've seen it be possible to flash and run LF15C directly after DM15 V34 with no problems.

I've also seen the problems described below, requiring downgrade to V32.

Just bear it in mind if you have problems starting LF15C after flashing it on top of V33-onwards

The new Swiss Micros firmware V33 changes the behaviour of the bootloader, and it appears to be impossible to flash 3rd party firmware when the calculator is running V33 or later.

The firmware appears to flash correctly, but on reset it will not start

The solution is to downgrade to V32 first, and then install LF15C

sudo lpc21isp DM15_M1B_32.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start V32 firmware
sudo lpc21isp LF15C_250408.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 1200
press hidden reset button
- firmware is flashed
press hidden reset button to start new LF15C firmware

For installation using Windows

The Swiss Micros Voyager Update Tool will work to install LF15C
- Do not use the new Web Update tool
The same caveats regarding installation after using the Swiss Micros V33 apply
- First downgrade to V32
- Then flash with LF15C
You need to use the hidden reset button in all cases.

Files

Download from here

Latest LF15C firmware	lf15c_250408.hex
V32 firmware	dm15_m1b_32.hex
Swiss Micros Voyager Windows Update Tool	voyage_firmware_tool.zip

Download from HP Forum & Swiss Micros

The Firmware files are available from the HP Forum Thread for this firmware - at the foot of Post #1
- the version attached to Post #1 is always the latest available.
At present (Jan '26) there is also a beta version which is being used to test various compiler optimizations, and is buggy and best avoided.

Swiss Micros
- V32 Firmware DM15_M1B_32.hex
- Voyager Update Tool Voyager Firmware Update Tool

LF15C General Info

Full time complex stack shows real & imaginary parts together as e.g. Rectangular: 3.45 +4.34 i or Polar: 5.5442 ∠51.5177
maximum number range approx. ±1.797 x 10³⁰⁸
- largest integer factorial 170fx! = 7.2574 E306
smallest positive number approx. 1.00 10^-323 before 0 is returned
Precision 15 decimal places

π displays as 3.14159265358979
e displays as 2.71828182845905

Fingerprinting - see Fingerprinting

9SINCOSTANATANACOSASIN9-

-1.6584 x10 ^-10

User Programs can be saved/loaded via USB Serial port using a terminal emulator such as Putty

LF15C uses binary floating point representation, rather than the more common BCD.
- This improves the speed but introduces occasional small rounding errors

Example (Click to view)

HP15C functions

Fix / Sci / Eng display formats
√x / x²
e^x / Ln
10^x / Log
y^x / %
1/x / Δ%
Sin / ASin
Cos / ACos
Tan / ATan
Hyperbolics of Sin/Cos/Tan
CHS / ABS
EEX / π
Deg / Rad / Grad Angle Mode
→H.ms / →H Conversions
→Rad / →Deg Conversions
X!
- integer, non-integer, negative and complex support
Statistics
- Σ+ two variable accumulation
- mean
- standard deviation
- Linear Regression
  - slope / intercept
  - ŷ estimation / r correlation coefficient
Combinations / Permutations
Usual 4 level stack manipulations
- Last x
- Roll Down ↓
- Roll Up ↑
- Swap x ↔ y
- Swap x ↔ any Storage Register
100 storage registers (numbered 00-99)
- capable of saving Complex Numbers
Indirect Register pair I / (i)
Indirect Program Label / Line number addressing via Register I
Random Number Generator
Rounding
Fractional / Integer
Usual Keystroke Programming features
- SST/BST
- LBL
  - LBL A - E
  - LBL 00 - 99
- DSE / ISG
  - including usual loop control indexing
- Logical tests
- Branching
  - GTO
  - GSB
  - RTN
- PSE
- R/S
SF / CF / FS?
- 10 user flags for program control
Solver
- can be used via a program
Numerical Integration
- variable precision via display digit format
- can be used via a program
quick clear of
- Statistical data
- Individual Program
- All stored Programs
- Storage Registers (0-99, I and (i))
Full digit mantissa preview

HP15C features not supported

Matrix functions
User Mode
Memory management
- partitioning between Storage Registers and Program Space is not required or supported

DM15L features not supported

Real Time clock
Switchable 1-line display option (V33 feature)
CPU speed switching
Display Font options
Adjustable LCD contrast
Various self-tests
Conversions & Constants (V33 feature)

Speed tests

Very much faster than stock DM15L firmware … see Benchmarking

n-Queens

Calculator	Firmware	Time
DM15L	V34	202 seconds
DM42	3.23	7.30 seconds
DM15L*	LF15C 250408	0.992 seconds

Savage

Calculator	Firmware	Time
DM15L	V34	247 seconds
DM42	3.23	14.9 seconds
DM15L*	LF15C 250408	4.008 seconds

Using LF15C

Complex Numbers

The stack is permanently in complex mode and operates slightly differently to the stock HP15C

Making & manipulating a complex number

Press f I in normal mode to create & destroy a complex number from ⇔ to y and x on the stack.

Example (click to view)

Make a pure imaginary number by using fRe<>Im

Example (Click to view)

Rectangular and Polar modes for complex numbers

f →R and g→P do NOT to convert x and y stack levels between Rect and Polar values as in the HP15C
→R and →P are Mode Switching commands for the whole complex stack.
When in Polar mode ALL Complex numbers on the stack are in Magnitude / Angle format.
- The angle format can be Deg or Rad as appropriate

Example (click to view)

Arithmetic can be done in Rectangular or Polar mode.

Mode can be switched at any time - perhaps switching to Rectangular to enter a Rectangular format number, when working in Polar, and then switching back to Polar once it's been entered on the stack..
Intermediate calculations can be done whatever mode is current.
- this is unlike the HP15C, where complex arithmetic has to be done in Rectangular format - and Polar format numbers must be converted → R first.
To confirm the mode in use an annunciator P is always present when in Polar.
- No P means Rectangular mode is active.

Example (click to view)

Other features

Indirect addressing

Similar features to the standard HP15C, with differences due to increased Program Label numbers

Indirect Register pair I & (i)

Indirect Register pair I and (i) work in the usual way

Example (click to view)

Indirect Program Label addressing

As in the HP15C you can also indirectly address Program Labels using the contents of the I register to point to the label required.

The HP15C allowed 20 numerical Program Labels 0 - .9 which meant indirect addressing for Labels A - E was done by reference to 20 - 24 in Register I

LF15C has 100 numerical Program Labels so….

Store 00 - 99 in I to address numerical Program Labels 00 - 99

Store 100 - 104 I to address Program Labels A - E

Using GTO I or GSB I in a program will lead to a jump to the Program Label referred to by contents of Register I.

Changing Register I's contents (e.g. within a program) can then cause the execution of program to branch in different ways - this can be a very powerful mechanism!

Example (click to view)

Store 100 (for LBL A) in the indirect Register I

100STOI

Use the value stored in I as a Label indirectly by calling it from within a program.

LBL A is a small program to do a simple calculation (area of circle from radius held in x)

LBL B, which has the single command GTO I

Running LBL B fB actually runs the program in LBL A : GTO I is interpreted as GTO A.

LBL A
X^2
PI
*
RTN

LBL B
GTO I
RTN

Changing the contents of Register I will change where LBL B points to.

This allows you to make decisions and branches to different code communicated via the indirect register.

Storing 101 in Reg I and then running LBL B has the effect of an endless loop….. LBL B calls itself (indirectly via I=101)

Use R/S to interrupt the endless loop!

Using GTO I in LBL B means execution passes to LBL A and does not return to LBL B on completion.

Using GSB I in LBL B instead of GTO means that after running LBL A (via indirection) execution returns to LBL B and continues….

Indirect Program Line Number Addressing

Similar to the above, if the Indirect Register I contains a NEGATIVE number then a call to GTO I or GSB I will cause a branch to the absoloute Line Number referred to in I.

Example (Click to view)

0 Empty
1 LBL A
2 GTO I
5 RTN
6 LBL 88
8 X^2
9 PI
10 *
11 RTN
12 Empty

Storing 88 in Register I would make Program A branch to the Label 88 (line 6)

Storing -9 in Register I (9 CHS STO I) would make Program A branch to PI (at line 9) and bypass the X² instruction.

Line numbering isn't straightforward, as each instruction may use one or two line numbers depending on the instruction itself, so you have to be careful about which line you need to address.

And the rest

100 Storage Registers 00 - 99 are capable of storing Complex Numbers

Factorial / Gamma x! works on integer (positive), non-integer (positive and negative) and complex numbers

Program Mode shows human-readable text rather than HP15C op-codes
- 2-line display of Program being edited

Selection of logical tests can be done in usual HP15C fashion with TEST 0 - TEST 9
- Test can also be selected from a scrolling list of options after initially pressing gTEST with the choice being made via soft-keys & LCD Prompts

To run a program with a numeric label (i.e. other than LBL A → LBL E) press f LBL ##
- e.g. f LBL 88
- this is different than on the original HP15C where to run a label you used GSB##

In program mode, f CLEAR PREFIX places the runTime opCode in the program. runTime writes to x the program execution time once it's executed.

Deleting User Programs
- Delete a single program : f CLEAR PRGM followed by a label
- Delete ALL programs : f and long press CLEAR PRGM

FIX/SCI/ENG don't round numbers unless gRND is pressed.

fENGnn sets the number of significant digits as requested, UNLIKE the original HP15C where fENGn sets the significant digits to n + 1

There are 10 user flags, from 0 to 9.
- There are no LCD annunciators to show state, but flags can be set, cleared and tested for decision making in program branching

Long press GTO in program mode to access go to label feature (single press in run mode)
Long press GSB in program mode to access go to line number feature (single press in run mode)

When running a program step by step, a long press on SST doesn’t execute the current step.

Unused Keys
- f USER, gMEM, fDIM, fMATRIX and fRESULT are not implemented and don't do anything at the moment.

LF15C Serial Port Info

Serial Port dump info : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046-post-194697.html#pid194697
Serial Port settings
- Rate : 57600
- Data : 8 bit
- Stop : 1 bit
- Parity : None
- Flow Control : None

ALWAYS INCLUDE AT LEAST ONE TRAILING ZERO FROM THE STRING OF DIGITS REPRESENTING THE MEMORY DUMP

To extract a dump from calculator press and hold STO
- the string of digits can be copy/pasted into a text file for storage
- it is only necessary to keep one final zero - the rest of the zeros can be ignored
To upload a previously saved dump
- copy it to clipboard and then
- press and hold RCL until the terminal shows Paste PrgMemory:
- in Putty ShiftInsert to paste clipboard text into terminal

LF15C Firmware Files

Tabulated List of LF15C firmware versions

Date	Firmware	Version	Firmware File	Comments
12/09/24	LF15C	beta240911	lf15c_beta240911.zip	initial public beta
15/09/24	LF15C	beta240914	lf15c_beta240914.zip
17/09/24	LF15C	beta240916	lf15c_beta240916.zip
17/09/24	LF15C	beta240916_2	lf15c_beta240916_2.zip
21/09/24	LF15C	beta240920	lf15c_beta240920.zip	very fast Benchmarking, roots of -ve numbers bug
21/09/24	LF15C	beta240921	lf15c_beta240921.zip	Fix of “powers of negative numbers” bug, new 10^x bug
23/09/24	LF15C	beta240923	lf15c_beta240923.zip	10^x fix, other bug fixes
25/09/24	LF15C	beta240925	lf15c_beta240925.zip	Bug fixes More new bugs
28/09/24	LF15C	beta240928	lf15c_beta240928.zip	bug fixes
30/09/24	LF15C	beta240929	lf15c_beta240929.zip	Bug Fixes etc.
30/09/24	LF15C	beta240929_2	lf15c_beta240929_2.zip	RCL I Bug fix
01/10/24	LF15C	beta240930	lf15c_beta240930.zip	Bug Fixes
02/10/24	LF15C	debug241001	lf15c_debug_for_john241001.zip	version pre-loaded with my B.Fil prog for debug purposes
02/10/24	LF15C	beta241002	lf15c_beta241002.zip	Bug Fix my B.Fil runs correctly. No known showstoppers left?
03/10/24	LF15C	beta241003	lf15c_beta241003.zip	fPREFIX fix. Discovered inverse HYP SIN bug
06/10/24	LF15C	beta241005	lf15c_beta241005.zip	fixes ,HYP ASIN bug still present
07/10/24	LF15C	beta241006	lf15c_beta241006.zip	Bug fix and new runTime function
08/10/24	LF15C	beta241007	lf15c_beta241007.zip	Bug Fixes
10/10/24	LF15C	beta241009	lf15c_beta241009.zip	Bug Fixes
12/10/24	LF15C	beta241011	lf15c_beta241011.zip	RND bug fix
14/10/24	LF15C	beta241014	lf15c_beta241014.zip
20/10/24	LF15C	beta241020	lf15c_beta241020.zip
21/10/24	LF15C	beta241021	lf15c_beta241021.zip
22/10/24	LF15C	beta241022	lf15c_beta241022.zip
24/10/24	LF15C	beta241024	lf15c_beta241024.zip
31/10/24	LF15C	beta241031	lf15c_beta241031.zip
02/11/24	LF15C	beta241102	lf15c_beta241102.zip
10/12/24	LF15C	beta241210_2	lf15c_beta241210_2.zip	Integrate feature
17/12/24	LF15C	beta241217	lf15c_beta241217.zip	Integrate improvements
21/12/24	LF15C	beta241221	lf15c_beta241221.zip	Bug Fixes
22/12/24	LF15C	beta241222	lf15c_beta241222.zip	Sin(180)=0 Fixed
14/02/25	LF15C	beta250123	lf15c_beta250123.zip	Enter Key bug fixes
15/02/25	LF15C	beta250215	lf15c_beta250215.zip	Better integration routine and bug fixes
16/02/25	LF15C	beta250216	lf15c_beta250216.zip	Y↑X and TEST bug fixes
17/02/25	LF15C	beta250217b	lf15c_beta250217b.zip	Integration bug fix
19/02/25	LF15C	beta250218	lf15c_beta250218.zip	Integration programability
20/02/25	LF15C	beta250220	lf15c_beta250220.zip	Linear Regression bug fix
21/02/25	LF15C	beta250221	lf15c_beta250221.zip	Complex/non-integer factorial
25/02/25	LF15C	beta250225	lf15c_beta250225.zip	improved precision in x! function
26/02/25	LF15C	beta250226	lf15c_beta250226.hex	f-PREFIX bug fix
12/01/26	LF15C	250408	lf15c_250408.hex	no longer BETA. Stable version - mature??
31/03/26	LF15C	260331	lf15c_260331.hex	Differences unknown - various changes since last stable version 250408. Has Solver issues?
04/04/26	LF15C	260404	lf15c_260404.hex	Differences unknown… performs well on all tests, solver issues resolved
12/04/26	LF15C	260412	lf15c_260412.hex	SOLVE adjustments

Further Information

LF15C program dumps Program dumps for LF15C

Page created : 17/02/26 17:51 GMT

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:20 BST

calculator, dm15l, lf15c

3rd Party Firmware

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:14:07 +0000

←Calculators

3rd Party Firmware

For Swiss Micros Calculators

Further Information

Page created : 17/02/26 17:50 GMT

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:14 BST

calculator

Benchmarking

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 14 Apr 2026 13:35:47 +0000

←Calculators

Benchmarking

Various methods to test the speed of calculators

HP Museum Benchmarks

These pseudo-code examples need tweaking for each calculator, some have alpha register names, some numeric.

The handling of the <loop> is different in each calculator,too.

The Programs are run for 1 minute and the result (the number of loops completed) is found in register 2 (or wherever is used in the calculator being tested).

HP Museum Maths Benchmark

psuedo code

LBL <whatever>
0
STO 2
1.01234 EEX 6
STO 0
2.345
STO 1
<loop>
RCL 1
RCL 0
*
RCL 1
-
RCL 0
/
RCL 1
*
3.5
/
SQRT
1
STO+ 2
GTO <loop>

HP Museum Trig Benchmark

pseudo code

LBL <whatever>
56.26
STO 0
0
STO 2
<loop>
RCL 0
SIN
ASIN
COS
ACOS
TAN
ATAN
LN
e^x
1
STO + 2
GTO <loop>

Overall Results

sorted by Maths Benchmark

Date	Calculator	Serial No	Firmware	Maths Result	Maths % ¹⁾	Trig Result	Trig %²⁾	Comment
12/01/26	DM15L *	21350	lf15c_250408.hex	99,869	14,708%	17,306	43,265%	3rd Party Firmware
21/09/24	DM15L *	21350	lf15c_beta240920.zip	68,791	10,131%	14,159	35,397%	3rd Party Firmware
20/07/23	DM32	00812	2.03	46,265	6,813%	12,224	30,560%
26/05/22	DM42	06434	3.21	24,701	3,637%	3,741	9,352.5%
09/05/24	DM42 *	06434	C47 00.109.01.03a2	4,976	732.8%	210	525.0%	3rd Party Firmware
02/08/24	DM41X	01266	2.2	3,273	482%	627	1,690%	FAST/USB power
17/09/24	DM15L *	21350	lf15c_beta240916_2.zip	1,346	198%			3rd Party Firmware
26/05/22	DM41X	01266	2.1	1,117	164%	228	570%	FAST mode
02/08/24	DM41X	01266	2.2	1,038	152%	206	515%	FAST
14/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	900	132%	177	442%	FAST
23/01/26	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_34	790	116%	199	497%	48MHz
26/05/22	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_32	676	99%	185	462.5%	48MHz
26/05/22	HP35S	PHA9150KFF	n/a	292	43%	113	282.5%
23/12/25	DM41L	05121	DM41_34	261	38%	140	350%	48MHz
26/08/24	DM41L	05121	DM41_32	154	22%	108	270%	48MHz
26/05/22	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_32	150	22%	41	102.5%	12MHz
26/08/24	DM41L	05121	DM41_32	96	14%	40	100%	12MHz
26/05/22	DM41X	01266	2.1	93	13%	18	45%	SLOW mode (original HP41 Speed)
02/08/24	DM41X	01266	2.2	93	13%	18	45%	SLOW
28/07/22	HP11C	2219AO3710	n/a	37	5.45%	9	22.5%

Reference is HP9100 : Maths Score = 679, Trig Score = 40

Code

State Files for DM32

Maths : hpbmm : hpbmm.d32 : Run as XEQ A : Get result from RCL C

Trig : hpbmt : hpbmt.d32 : Run as XEQ A : Get result from RCL C

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM42

LBL "BM"
0
STO 02
1.01234E6 
STO 00
2.345
STO 01
LBL 02
RCL 01
RCL 00
x
RCL 01
-
RCL 00
÷
RCL 01
x
3.5
÷
SQRT
1
STO+ 02
GTO 02
END

Raw File : Maths Benchmark (bm) file for DM41X & DM42 bm.raw

Raw File : Trig Benchmark (bmt) file for DM41X & DM42 bmt.raw

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM41X

LBL ¬BM
0
STO 02
1.01234 E6
STO 00
2.345
STO 01
LBL 02
RCL 01
RCL 00
*
RCL 01
-
RCL 00
/
RCL 01
*
3.5
/
SQRT
1
ST+ 02
GTO 02
END

Maths Benchmark Listing for HP35S

LBL X
0
STO C
1.01234E6
STO A
2.345
STO B
RCL B  <-- loop in
RCL A
x
RCL B
-
RCL A
÷
RCL B
x
3.5
÷
√x
1
STO+ C
GTO X008  --> loop in

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM15L / HP15C

LBL E
0
STO 2
1
.
0
1
2
3
4
EEX
6 
STO 0
2
.
3
4
5
STO 1
LBL 2
RCL 1
RCL 0
x
RCL 1
-
RCL 0
÷
RCL 1
x
3
.
5
÷
√x
1
STO + 2
GTO 2
RTN

Maths Benchmark Listing for DM32

LBL A
0
STO C
1.01234 E 6
STO A
2.345
STO B
LBL B
RCL B
RCL A
X
RCL B
-
RCL A
/
RCL B
X
3.5
/
SQRT
1
STO+ C
GTO B
RTN

DM15L Memory Dump : Maths Benchmark = LBL A, Trig Benchmark = LBL B

DM15_M1B
00  05626000000001  01000000000000  01000000000000  00000000000000
04  04975000fff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00999999999eae
08  00000000000000  2a2f87beda1280  00000000bcaf80  00000000000000
10  05626000000001  02345000000000  00000000000000  04000000000001
14  f0000000000402  1b4c4c4c4c4c4c  000000000007f7  000000000007fe
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01990000000002
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f4  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  b21282dff1cafd
f8  f5c0f3fc31fd30  fb31fc30310241  f5f4f3c0f240f6  c6f4f3f2f1f0c0
fc  f142f00ab21382  dff1cbbbb9c9b8  c8b7c7300342f0  40f6f2c0f6f50b
A: 04975000fff000  B: 04975000fffeae  C: 00999999999eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 04000000000000  N: 04975000000000  G: 06

The SAVAGE benchmark

From HPCC Datafile V37N1 pp38-42

Raw File : Savage Benchmark (svg) for DM41X & DM42 svg.raw

State File : savage for DM32 savage.d32 : XEQ S

Listing for self-timed version

LBL "SVG"
"SAVAGE"
AVIEW
RAD
2499
STO 00
1
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
STO 01
TIME
X<> 01
LBL 01
X^2
SQRT
LN
E^X
ATAN
TAN
+
DSE 00 
GTO 01
TIME
RCL 01
HMS-
HR
3600
*
END

Listing for the simple (manual timed) version

No time calculation, it needs a stopwatch to measure the time… for calculators without TIME functions

LBL A
RAD
2499
STO A (for HP11C "STO I", for DM15L "STO 0")
1
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
LBL B
X^2
SQRT
LN
E^X
ATAN
TAN
+
DSE A  (for HP11C "DSE", for DM15L "DSE 0" )
GTO B
RTN

DM15L Memory Dump

DM15_M1B
00  01000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000  00000000000000
04  32499970322000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40997997010eae
08  00000000000000  3ebeefb6e4228f  e79282e8bc2ac0  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  08000000000000  06000000000000  02498970322003
14  f0000000000504  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001fc  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  06000000000000
1c  04000000000000  07000000000000  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
fc  000000000000b2  1b82fac9b9cbbb  caba0bc1c1c1f1  40f9f9f4f2e80a
A: 32499970322000  B: 32499970322eae  C: 40997997010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 02499970322003  G: 09

LF15C Memory Dump

Results

On Battery:

Calculator	Firmware	Seconds	Mins/seconds	Comment	Displayed Result
DM15L *	LF15c_beta250217b	3.862 seconds	0 mins 3.862 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15L *	LF15c_beta250215	3.969 seconds	0 mins 3.969 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15l *	LF15C_250408	4.008 seconds	0 mins 4.008 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15L *	LF15c_beta241006	5.9510 seconds	0 mins 5.951 sec	Timed by internal function “runTime”	2500.00000000118
DM15L *	LF15C_beta240928	6.3 seconds	0 min 6.3 sec	manually timed	2500.00000000118
DM32	2.03 & 2.06	6.3 seconds	0 min 6.3 sec		2500.00000000
DM42	3.22	14.9 seconds	0 min 14.9 sec		2500.00000000
DM41X	2.3	143.69 seconds	2 min 26.69 sec	FAST mode / USB Power	2499.970322
DM41X	2.1	207.03 seconds	3 min 27.03 sec	FAST mode	2499.970322
DM41X	2.2	244.2 seconds	4 min 4.25 sec	FAST mode	2499.970322
DM15L	DM15_M1B_34	247.3 seconds	4 min 34.3 sec	48MHz	2499.970322
DM41X	2.3	284.15 seconds	4 min 44.15 sec	FAST Mode	2499.970322
DM15L	DM15_32	288 seconds	4 min 48 sec	48MHz	2499.970322
DM41L	DM41_34	513.73 seconds	8 min 33 sec	48MHZ	2499.970322
DM41L	DM41_32	758.67 seconds	12 min 38.67 sec	48MHz	2499.970322
HP35S	n/a	877 seconds	14 min 37 sec		2499.99939863
DM41L	DM41_34	1285.93 seconds	21 min 25.93 seconds	12MHz	2499.970322
DM41X	2.1	2652.37 seconds	44 min 12.37 sec	SLOW mode	2499.970322
HP11C		5160 seconds	1 hour 26 min 0 sec		2499.970322

On USB Power :

DM41X : 58.1 seconds (FAST mode) (F/W/ Version ?)
DM42 : 5.56 seconds

N-Queens

https://www.hpmuseum.org/cgi-bin/articles.cgi?read=700

Raw File : N-Queens file (nqu) for DM41X & DM42 nqu.raw

State File : nqu for DM32 nqu.d32

Listing for HP41/DM41X/DM41L/HP42/DM42

// for HP41 / HP 42  ... DM41X, DM41L, DM42
// shows run-time on completion

LBL "NQU"   
CLRG
TIME
STO 20
8 
STO 11
LBL 00  
RCL 00 
RCL 11
X=Y? 
GTO 04
ISG 00 
DEG
STO IND 00
LBL 01 
ISG 10 
DEG
RCL 00 
STO 09
LBL 02  
DSE 09 
DEG
RCL 09 
X=0? 
GTO 00
RCL IND 00 
RCL IND 09 
-
X=0? 
GTO 03
ABS 
RCL 00 
RCL 09 
-
X<>Y? 
GTO 02
LBL 03  
DSE IND 00 
GTO 01
DSE 00 
GTO 03
LBL 04 
RCL 10
TIME 
RCL 20
HMS-
HR
3600
*
RTN

Listing for DM15L with LF15C firmware

LBL 88
CLEAR REG
8
STO 10
LBL 80
RCL 0
RCL 10
X=Y?
GTO 84
1
STO+ 0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL 10
STO (i)
LBL 81
1
STO+ 11
RCL 0
STO 9
LBL 82
1
STO- 9
RCL 9
X=0?
GTO 80
RCL 0
STO I
RCL (i)
RCL 9
STO I
RDN
RCL (i)
-
X=0?
GTO 83
ABS
RCL 0
RCL 9
-
X<>Y?
GTO 82
LBL 83
RCL 0
STO I
1
STO- (i)
RCL (i)
X<>0?
GTO 81
1
STO- 0
RCL 0
X<>0?
GTO 83
LBL 84
RCL 11
runTime
RTN

LF15C Memory Dump

Listing for DM15L / HP15C

LBL A
CLR_REG
8
STO .0
LBL 0
RCL 0
RCL .0
TEST 5
GTO 4
1
STO+0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL .0
STO (i)
LBL 1
1
STO+.1
RCL 0
STO 9
LBL 2
1
STO-9
RCL 9
x=0
GTO 0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL (i)
RCL 9
STO I
R_down
RCL (i)
-
x=0
GTO 3
ABS
RCL 0
RCL 9
-
TEST 6
GTO 2
LBL 3
RCL 0
STO I
1
STO-(i)
RCL (i)
TEST 0
GTO 1
1
STO-0
RCL 0
TEST 0
GTO 3
LBL 4
RCL .1
RTN

DM15L Memory Dump

DM15_M1B
00  08000000000000  08000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
04  065140fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000999eae
08  00000000000000  22af8d9e7e0080  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  08000000000000  08000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000
14  f0000000000537  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f7  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  04000000000000
1c  01000000000000  03000000000000  06000000000000  02000000000000
20  07000000000000  05000000000000  00000000000000  08000000000000
24  08760000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f4  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  b25104137030a0
f8  dff1117086bddf  f19730031276fb  3930b313ecfb86  c4973986973010
fc  ec39a9dff10249  3091dff1019650  973080dff11475  50300060f8a50a
A: 065140fffff000  B: 065140fffffeae  C: 00000000999eae
S: 00000000000000
M: aaaaaaaaaaaaaa  N: 06514000000000  G: 04

Date	Calculator	Serial No.	Firmware	Seconds	Mins : Secs	Comment
12/01/26	DM15L*	21350	LF15C_250408	0.992 seconds	0:0.992	Self-timed with runTime function
14/04/26	DM32	00812	2.11	3.02 seconds	0:03.02	Manual Timed. Battery
14/04/26	DM32	00812	2.11	1.3 seconds	0:01.30	Manual Timed. USB Power
28/01/26	DM42	06434	3.23	7.30 seconds	0:07.30	Battery
14/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	49.55 seconds	0:49.55	FAST mode / USB Power
10/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	101.29 seconds	1:41.29	FAST mode / battery
23/01/26	DM15L	21350	DM15_M1B_34	202.16 seconds	3:22.16	48MHz, manually timed
10/01/26	DM41L	05121	DM41_34	509.19 seconds	8:29.19	48MHz
11/01/26	DM41L	05121	DM41_34	870.58 seconds	14:30.58	12MHz
10/01/26	DM41X	01266	2.3	1008.60 seconds	16:48.60	SLOW mode / battery

* Running 3rd party firmware https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046.html

Tony's Benchmark

From http://www.thimet.de/CalcCollection/CalcPerformance.html

Code

Listing for the benchmark

LBL A  (For DM41X and DM42 : LBL "AA")
10
STO A  (For DM41X and DM42 : STO 00 )
LBL B
1
+
4.567E-4
-
70
+
69
-
7
x
11
/
RCL A (RCL 00)
1
-
STO A (STO 00)
X≠0?
GTO B
R↓
LOG
SIN
SQRT
SQRT
RTN


LBL C  (For DM41X and DM42 : LBL "TBM")
XEQ A  (XEQ "AA")
RCL C  (RCL 03)
1
-
STO C (STO 03)
X≠0?
GTO C (GTO "TBM")
RTN

For multiple loops store a Loop Count in C (or in Register 03)

(1000 STO C) and then XEQ C

For single loop (slow calculator) simply XEQ A

Result is the time to complete the loop(s) and deliver the answer 0.264577

Performance Index is calculated as

Loops x 34 / Time

For 1000 loops in 13 seconds:

1000 x 34 / 13 = 2615.38

Results

Date	Calculator	Serial No	Loops	Time	Performance Index	Comments	Result
22/11/23	DM42	06434	1000	8 sec	4250	USB Power
22/11/23	DM32	00812	1000	13 sec	2615	f/w : 2.06	0.26457749818
22/11/23	DM42	06434	1000	21 sec	1619	Battery Power	0.26457749818
21/09/24	DM15L *	21350	1000	42.8 sec	794	3rd Party Firmware : LF15C_beta240921	0.26457749817596
21/09/24	DM15L *	21350	100	4.5 sec	756	3rd Party Firmware : LF15C_beta240921	0.26457749817596
22/11/23	DM41X	01266	20	6 sec	113	FAST mode / USB
09/05/24	DM42 *	06434	30	9.6 sec	106	3rd Party Firmware : C47 00.109.01.03a2
22/11/23	DM15L	21350	10	12 sec	28	48MHz	0.264577498
22/11/23	DM41X	01266	10	10 sec	24	FAST mode / Battery	0.264577498
22/11/23	HP35S	PHA9150KFF	5	25 sec	6.8
22/11/23	DM15L	21350	10	54 sec	6.3	12MHz	0.264577498
22/11/23	DM41X	01266	10	118 sec	2.8	SLOW mode/ Battery
22/11/23	HP11C	2219A03710	1	21 sec	1.6

Fingerprinting

Each calculator handles the calculation of functions (SIN, COS etc) differently - different algorithms, different degrees of precision etc.

One way of spotting similar underlying hard/firmware is to carry out a fixed chained calculation on each calculator and to observe the result.

One common test is a sequence of SIN COS TAN ATAN ACOS ASIN on a relatively low starting number - such as 9

9SINCOSTANATANACOSASIN gives a number (hopefully) very close to the starting value of 9 - and the variance from 9 is a fingerprint that can be used to spot similarities between different models.

Calculator	Displayed Result ³⁾	Error (Result - 9)	Firmware
HP11C	9.000417403	4.17403e-4
DM15L	9.000417403	4.17403e-4	DM15_32
DM41X	9.000417403	4.17403e-4	2.1
DM41L	9.000417403	4.17403e-4	DM41_32
HP35S	8.99999986001	-1.3999e-7
DM15L *	8.99999999983416	-1.65842e-10	3rd party LF15C_beta240916 17/09/24
DM42	9.00000000000	-6.2466e-29	DM42 3.22 / Free42 3.0.15
DM32	9.00000000000	-6.2466e-29	2.06

I also found a different version of the same idea at https://tangentsoft.com/rpn/wiki?name=Ballpark+Accuracy#results

Instead of subtracting 9 from the result this test divides the result by 9 and then finds the LOG₁₀ of this fractional error

9SINCOSTANATANACOSASIN 9 / LOG

Here are some of these results

Calculator	Displayed Result	Error=(Result / 9)	Log₁₀(Error)	Comments
DM41X	9.000417403	1.000046378	2.0141242e-05	f/w 2.3
DM41L	9.000417403	1.000046378	2.0141242e-05	f/w DM41_34
DM15L*	8.99999999983416	0.999999999981573	-8.0027125631e-12	3rd Party F/W LF15C_250408
DM42	9.00000000000	1.00000000000	3.01430771055e-30	DM42 3.26 / Free42 3.3.10
DM32	9.00000000000	1.00000000000	3.01430771055e-30	DM32 2.11

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 07:58:36 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 14/04/26 14:35 BST

Further Information

calculator

¹⁾

versus HP9100 : 679

²⁾

versus HP9100 : 40

³⁾

at max. display resolution

DM41X 41z Module

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 17 Feb 2026 15:42:44 +0000

←Calculators

DM41X 41z Module

Keyboard Overlay

Setup

assign the complex keyboard Z i.e. function ΣZL to USER menu on key Σ+
- SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT F Z L ALPHA Σ+
  - SHIFT F is the method of getting Σ from the ALPHA keyboard (see the back of calculator)
- Enter USER mode with USR key
- The Σ+ now activates a complex number function when it's pressed - for one operation only

The rest of the guide was written without the use of full-time ZKEYS in mind

in the forum thread dealing with the factorization bug in the deluxe version Angel recommended I use the ΣZL method. He fears that occasionally ZKEYS might be broken with incorrect/missing USER assignments - so I'll try to stick to the normal ΣZL method.

Quick Ref

Z = Σ+

↑IM/AG = Z XEQ
ZREAL↑ = Z Z RCL
ZIMAG↑ = Z Z XEQ
ZINV = Z 1/X
POLAR = Z Z R→P (i.e. 6)
RECT = Z Z P→R (i.e. 5)
ZCONJ = Z SHIFT CHS (complex conjugate)
Z ^ X = Z EEX
Z ^ 1/X = Z Z EEX (root(s) of complex number) : see Cubic Roots
- ZNXTNRT _ = Z Z SHIFT √x NEXT ROOT enter the root you want
ZWDOT = ZZ. : dot product of 2 vectors/complex numbers
ZWCROSS = ZZ2 : Magnitude of the Cross Product of 2 vectors/complex numbers (no sign)
ZWDET = ZZ7 : Determinant (Cross Product) of 2 vectors/complex numbers, incl. sign/direction

Basic Operation

enter two numbers and add them together

The ''natural'' entry method

Enter a complex number to the stack
- 5 + j 20
  - 5 Z XEQ 2 0 ENTER
    - Z XEQ is ^IM/AG - set the imaginary part
add a second number to the stack
- 10 - j 32
  - 10 Z XEQ 3 2 CHS ENTER
add the two numbers together
- Z +
15 - j 12

Enter a real number

2.75 + j 0
- 2.75 Z Z RCL

Enter an imaginary number

0 + j 3.1415 (i Pi)
- SHIFT π Z Z XEQ

Use it to calculate with....

calculate e^iπ
- Z SHIFT e^x
- - 1 + j 0
- e^iπ = -1

Parallel Impedances

This involves the complex inverse function Z 1/x

Z1 = 50 + j 13 in parallel with Z2 = 23 - j 85
- enter Z1 50 Z XEQ 13 ENTER and invert it Z 1/X
  - 0.02 - j 4.87E-3
- enter Z2 23 Z XEQ 85 CHS ENTER and invert it Z 1/X
  - 2.97E-3 + j0.01
- add them together Z +
  - 0.02 +j0.01 and invert Z 1/X
    - 42.72 - j 11.99

convert to Rectangular ⇔ Polar operation

Z = 50 - j 23
initially in rectangular form…¹⁾
- enter Z as usual
  - 50 Z XEQ 23CHS ENTER
- convert to Polar format
  - Z Z 6 ( 6 is R→P but needs two presses of Z to activate it)
  - 55.04 ∠ -24.70
- convert back to Rectangular operation
  - Z Z 5
  - 50 - j 23

enter a number directly in Polar format

To enter 5 ∠ 53.13 directly
- switch to Polar format Z Z 6
- enter Mag / Angle:
  - 5 Z XEQ 53.13 ENTER
  - display : 5 ∠ 53.13
convert to Rect
- Z Z 5
  - display : 3.00 + j 4.00

Cubic Roots

Rectangular

enter complex real number -8 + j 0
- 8 CHS Z Z RCL
  - -8 + j 0
- enter 3 (goes into the normal X register)
- find the result of Z↑1/x
  - Z ZEEX
    - 1 + j 1.732 (the first of the cube-roots of -8)
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - Z Z SHIFT√x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - -2 + j 0
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - Z Z SHIFT √x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - 1 - j 1.732

The 3 cube roots of -8 are

1 + j 1.732
-2 + j 0 (the basic real cube root)
1 - j 1.732

Polar

enter complex real number -8 + j 0
- 8 CHS Z Z RCL
  - -8 + j 0
  - convert to POLAR
    - Z Z6
      - 8 ∠ 180
- enter 3 (goes into the normal X register)
- find the result of Z↑1/x
  - Z Z EEX
    - 2 ∠ 60.000 (the first of the cube-roots of -8)
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - Z Z SHIFT √x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - 2 ∠ 180
- find the next root with the function ZNXTNRT
  - ZZSHIFT√x
  - enter 3 at the _ prompt
    - 2 ∠ -60.000

The 3 cube roots (in POLAR) of -8 are

2 ∠ 60.000
2 ∠ 180
2 ∠ -60.000

Alternate input method

BEWARE

key Imaginary part first & press normal ENTER
key real part (and no ENTER)
do complex enter (Z ENTER) or another complex function (e.g. Z +) (be careful with the stack lift or it gets confusing)
e.g. 52 + j 36
- 36 ENTER 52 Z ENTER
- 52 + j 36 is now in Stack
enter second number
e.g. 23 - j 15
- 15 CHS ENTER 23 (don't Z ENTER this…!!)
to add them together use Z + now (instead of Z ENTER)
result : 75 + j 21

gotcha

pressing Z ENTER after the second number (instead of the required complex function) will give you

Stack value	Stack
	U
52 + j 36	V
23 - j 15	W
23 - j 15	Z

doing a Z + now will add the second number to itself and the result will be 46 - j 30

This is normal RPN stack behaviour, but is confusing when you're building complex numbers.

use ↑IM/AG instead

The natural entry mode is much better

you enter the real and imaginary parts in the order you expect them
the stack operation is less obscure.
It just seems more intuitive.

Page created Wed May 25 15:14:29 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 17/02/26 15:42 GMT

calculator, dm41x

¹⁾

Z Z 5 to make sure!

DM15L Startup Keys & Serial Console

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:10:32 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM15L Startup Keys & Serial Console

Start Keys

The DM15L has a few options which are set by holding certain keys at power on
In the Update from V33 onwards these settings can also be modified directly via the “Setup Menu”
- press fON then the key for the function as below….

Key	Function description
A	Display time/date for 5 minutes
B	Benchmark. Evaluate speed compared to original calculator
C	Switch to serial console
D	Start Bootloader
E	System info. Firmware version, battery voltage, CPU frequency, etc.
CHS	Change LCD contrast.¹⁾
EEX	Reset LCD contrast to default values.
STO	Adjust RTC: decrement -1h
RCL	Adjust RTC: increment +1h
7	Cycle through available fonts
1	One Line Display
2	Two Line Display
9	Configure CPU speed. Toggle between 12MHz and 48MHz
÷	Keyboard self test
⨯	Self test
−	Power reset
+	Endless test
.	Toggle decimal delimiter
SST	Time/date adjustment.²⁾
GTO	Toggle annunciator position

Serial Console

Settings

Speed : 38400
Data bits : 8
Stop bits : 1
Parity : None
Flow control : XON/XOFF (or none)

Commands

 
VOYAGER >> ?
Firmware DM15_M80_V32

?          Help
p          Key press
s          Dump memory
l          Load memory
ct         Console timeout
bootloader Invoke Bootloader
t          Get time
ts         Set time
td         Update time
kb         Toggle keyboard output to console
d          Toggle display output to console
b          Read battery voltage

Type '<command> ?' for params
VOYAGER >>

The calculator can be programmed using the dumps, via the Serial Console, by copy & paste of the text of dump using the Serial Console command l

An example session

Memory dump captured by Copy & Paste from the console session above.

DM15_M1B
00  03000007146000  03999994641000  03999994641000  00000000000000
04  49828382834000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002005999eae
08  00000000000000  39fa0ffffaea8f  dba083fce4bf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  05000000000000
14  f0000000000089  20323232323232  000000000001f2  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  05313010235001
1c  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  01844692622004
f0  00000000000000  00000000000000  000000000000b2  fdfbf132faf142
f4  ccfdf0f20cb2c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  32fbf1420bb233  44fcc3f0f2bcfd
f8  faf133fbf143fd  a2cff182cff142  cafd0ab21282df  f1cafdf5c0f3fc
fc  31fd30fb31fc30  310241f5f4f3c0  f240f6c6f4f3f2  f1f0c0f142f00e
A: 49828382834000  B: 49828382834eae  C: 00002005999eae
S: 00000000001000
M: 01844692622004  N: 99828382834004  G: 06

This dump pasted into the Swiss Micro decoder

The decoded dump, showing the actual program commands

001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  0            |        0
003  STO 2        |    44  2
004  1            |        1
005  .            |       48
006  0            |        0
007  1            |        1
008  2            |        2
009  3            |        3
010  4            |        4
011  EEX          |       26
012  6            |        6
013  STO 0        |    44  0
014  2            |        2
015  .            |       48
016  3            |        3
017  4            |        4
018  5            |        5
019  STO 1        |    44  1
020  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
021  RCL 1        |    45  1
022  RCL 0        |    45  0
023  *            |       20
024  RCL 1        |    45  1
025  -            |       30
026  RCL 0        |    45  0
027  /            |       10
028  RCL 1        |    45  1
029  *            |       20
030  3            |        3
031  .            |       48
032  5            |        5
033  /            |       10
034  sqrt         |       11
035  1            |        1
036  STO+2        | 44,40, 2
037  GTO 2        |    22  2
038  RTN          |   43  32
039  LBL A        | 42,21,11
040  /            |       10
041  sqrt         |       11
042  STO 2        |    44  2
043  1            |        1
044  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
045  1            |        1
046  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
047  /            |       10
048  STO 3        |    44  3
049  1            |        1
050  -            |       30
051  RCL 3        |    45  3
052  1            |        1
053  +            |       40
054  /            |       10
055  LOG          |   43  13
056  2            |        2
057  0            |        0
058  CHS          |       16
059  *            |       20
060  STO 4        |    44  4
061  RCL 3        |    45  3
062  RTN          |   43  32
063  LBL B        | 42,21,12
064  STO 2        |    44  2
065  1            |        1
066  -            |       30
067  RCL 2        |    45  2
068  1            |        1
069  +            |       40
070  /            |       10
071  LOG          |   43  13
072  2            |        2
073  0            |        0
074  *            |       20
075  CHS          |       16
076  RTN          |   43  32
077  LBL C        | 42,21,13
078  2            |        2
079  0            |        0
080  /            |       10
081  10^x         |       13
082  STO 2        |    44  2
083  1            |        1
084  +            |       40
085  RCL 2        |    45  2
086  1            |        1
087  -            |       30
088  /            |       10
089  RTN          |   43  32

Page created Thu May 26 17:41:19 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:10 GMT

calculator, dm15l

¹⁾

LCD Setting : Param1: up +, down −, Param2: up Σ+, down 3

²⁾

Date Adjustment Usage: Up +, Down −, Next ⨯, Prev ÷, ENTER to Set, ON to Cancel

DM32 Curve Fit

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:09:15 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM32 Curve Fit

CFIT Program from the Owner's Manual

State File

The listing from the Owner's Manual has been entered into the calculator and saved as a State File

cfit.d32

Use

The program provides the usual set of Curve Fitting for Straight Line, Exponential, Logarithmic and Power curves, automating the same techniques as the manual method for DM15 described here DM15L Non-linear Curve Fit .

There is no “best fit” algorithm, which means you need to decide in advance which of the 4 curve types to fit, before entering the data. If you choose a different curve you have to enter the data again.

Choose a Curve

Each curve type has a separate program label

XEQ S : Straight Line
XEQ E : Exponential
XEQ L : Logarithmic
XEQ P : Power

Enter Data

Data is entered the same way whichever of the 4 programs is chosen.

X-value R/S Y-value R/S
X-value R/S Y-value R/S
X-value R/S Y-value R/S
X-value R/S Y-value R/S

Run the Curve Fit

Once all the data is entered you run the fit using XEQ R

This gives the various paramaters

R-value (correlation coefficient) R/S
B-value R/S
M-value R/S
Prompt for an x-value to use to calculate ŷ - enter a number R/S
- ŷ is shown for that x-value
Prompt now for a y-value to use to calculate an estimate of x R/S
- x estimate is shown for that y-value
Prompt for a new x-value to use to calculate ŷ R/S
- this goes on until you want to stop….
- press C to quit

Curve equations

Straight Line y = B + Mx
Exponential y = Be^Mx
Logarithmic y = B + M Ln(x)
Power y = Bx^M

Examples

Logarithmic

x	0.3	1	2	3	4	5
y	-1	2	3.8	5	5.6	6

Enter Data

XEQ L
0.3 R/S 1 +/- R/S
1 R/S 2 R/S
2 R/S 3.8 R/S
3 R/S 5 R/S
4 R/S 5.6 R/S
5 R/S 6 R/S

Run the fit

XEQ R
R=0.99932 R/S
B=2.05210 R/S
M=2.5359 R/S
enter an x-value to calculate an estimate of y
- 2.5 R/S
- y? 4.37571
enter a y-value to calculate an estimate of x
- 0 R/S (what is x-value where the curve crosses the x-axis at y = 0? The solution to the equation)
- X ? 0.44520
finish C

Results

The curve equation is y = 2.05210 + 2.5359Ln(x)
The values for R, B and M are stored in register-variables R, B and M for future use
- e.g. make an EQN
- Y = B + M x Ln(X)
- the equation can be evaluated, solved or integrated using the stored values for B and M
Until a new Curve fit program is run, or anything is done to change the Statistics Registers, you can re-run the fit with XEQ R to allow more y and x estimates to be made

Further Information

Page created : 17/04/26 08:35 BST

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:09 BST

calculator, dm32

DM32 Polynomial Solver

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:09:50 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM32 Polynomial Solver

From the Owner's Manual

State File

Provided by Swiss Micros https://technical.swissmicros.com/dm32/examples/STATE/POLYROOT.d32

Local copy polyroot.d32

Use

This set of programs will provide real and complex roots of polynomials up to 5^th order. The coefficient of the highest term is assumed to be 1 and all the coefficients must be normalized to make this so.

Quadratic

x² - 3x + 2 = 0

Run XEQ P
Enter the order at the prompt for F?
- 2 R/S
Enter coefficient B
- 3 +/- R/S
Enter coefficient A
- 2 R/S
1^st root is shown
- X=1.0000 R/S
2^nd root is shown
- X=2.0000 R/S
quits

The two roots of x² - 3x + 2 = 0 are 1 and 2

4-th order

4x⁴ - 8x³ - 13x² - 10x + 22 = 0

This has a non-unity value for the highest term, so all the coefficients need to be divided by 4 to make it so, this can be done as they are entered

XEQ P
Enter order 4 at the prompt for F?
- 4 R/S
Enter the coefficients starting at the second one (for x³) and dividing by 4
- 8 +/- ENTER 4 ÷ R/S
- 13 +/- ENTER 4 ÷ R/S
- 10 +/- ENTER 4 ÷ R/S
- 22 ENTER 4 ÷ R/S
The first root is shown
- X = 0.88197 R/S
The second root is shown
- X = 3.11803 R/S
The third root is shown (it's complex)
- X=-1.0000 R/S
- i = 1.0000R/S
The fourth root is shown (it's also complex)
- X=1.0000 R/S
- i=-1.0000 R/S
C

The 4 roots are

X = 0.88197
X = 3.11803
X = -1 + j1
X = 1 - j1

Cube roots of -8

X³ = -8

X³ + 8 = 0

XEQ P
Enter 3 for the order
- 3 R/S
Enter zero for C (the coefficient of x²)
- 0 R/S
Enter zero for B (the coefficient of x)
- 0 R/S
Enter 8 for A (the constant term)
- 8 R/S
The first root is
- X = -2.00000 R/S
The second root is complex
- X = 1.00000 R/S
- i = 1.73205 R/S
The third root is complex
- X = 1.0000 R/S
- i = -1.73205 R/S
C

The three cube roots of -8 are

-2
1 + j1.73205
1 - j1.73205

Further Information

Page created : 17/04/26 09:41 BST

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:09 BST

calculator, dm32

DM32 Simultaneous Equations

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:07:49 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM32 Simultaneous Equations

From the Owners Manual

Statefile

Provided by Swiss Micros https://technical.swissmicros.com/dm32/examples/STATE/SIMEQ.d32

Local copy simeq.d32

Overview

This set of programs allows the solution of 3×3 and 2×2 systems of equations, as well as the inverse and determinate of the matrix representing the coefficients.

The set of equations is represented by a 3 x 4 array of numbers, with the first 3 columns representing the coefficients of the equations and the 4th column the “value” of the equations.

For example

Ax + Dy + Gz = J

Bx + Ey + Hz = K

Cx + Fy + Iz = L

These equations can be represented in matrix form

| A D G | | x | | J | | B E H | | y | = | K | | C F I | | z | | L |

This is effectively

A x X = B

and therefore

X = B / A

X = B x A^-1

The unknown matrix is obtained by multiplying B by the inverse of A

They are entered sequentially in the order

ABCDEFGHIJKL

Use

Enter the values of the 3×3 matrix and the 3×1 column vector by using prog. A

XEQ A
Enter each value at the prompt followed by R/S
Once all values A → L are entered you can
- find the determinant of the coefficient matrix with prog D
  - this is not required for a simple solution, but might be useful for other purposes?
- Invert the coefficient matrix A with prog. I
  - XEQ I
- Multiply the column vector by this inverse matrix using prog. M
  - XEQ M
  - This gives the resulting X, Y and Z by pressing R/S to step through them

Examples

3 x 3

A system of equations with 3 unknowns x, y and z

23x + 15y + 17z = 31

8x + 11y - 6z = 17

4x + 15y + 12z = 14

Beware!

You enter each value in sequence going down the columns in sequence

Which is the opposite sense to the way matrices are entered in DM15L and DM41X

XEQ A
- 23 R/S
- 8 R/S
- 4 R/S
- 15 R/S
- 11 R/S
- 15 R/S
- 17 R/S
- 6 +/- R/S
- 12 R/S
- 31 R/S
- 17 R/S
- 14 R/S
Find the inverse XEQ I
Multiply XEQ M
Display shows solutions
- X = 0.930622 R/S
- Y = 0.794258 R/S
- Z = -0.136364
You can inspect the inverted matrix by running A again
- XEQ A
- A ? 0.048 R/S
- B ? -0.026 R/S
- etc….etc…
You can re-invert A back to the original state by running prog I again
You can see the determinant of A by running prog D

2x2

The programs expect a 3×3 matrix. If the system is 2×2 you have to use dummy values to pad out to 3×3

Set C, F, H, G, L = 0 and I = 1

e.g.

2x + 3y = 6

8x - 4y = 9

This becomes

2x + 3y + 0z = 6

8x - 4y + 0z = 9

0x + 0y + 1z = 0

and is entered

XEQ A
- 2 R/S
- 8 R/S
- 0 R/S
- 3 R/S
- 4 +/- R/S
- 0 R/S
- 0 R/S
- 0 R/S
- 1 R/S
- 6 R/S
- 9 R/S
- 0 R/S
Find the inverse XEQ I
Multiply XEQ M to find the unknowns
- X = 1.59375 R/S
- Y = 0.93750 R/S
- Z = 0.00000 C

Further Information

Page created : 17/04/26 18:10 BST

Page updated : 19/04/26 21:07 BST

calculator, dm32

DM41X Catalogues

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 07 Apr 2024 23:10:25 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X Catalogues

What the different Catalogues show

SHIFT ENTER & enter the number of the catalogue. R/S to stop the auto-scrolling and use SST or ⇑ / ⇓ to step through the listing of items.

Catalogue 1 is User Programs
Catalogue 2 is External Functions
Catalogue 3 is Standard Functions
Catalogue 4 is Extended Memory Directory (is usually empty. After running Cat 4 the current free-size of extended memory is left in X)
Catalogue 5 is Alarms
Catalogue 6 is USR Keyboard assignments

Page created Wed May 25 16:57:27 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 08/04/24 00:10 BST

calculator, dm41x

DM41X PPC ROM Solve & Integrate

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:11:47 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X PPC ROM Solve & Integrate

Solve (SV)

Similar to other Solvers (e.g. the Advantage Pac Solve) but with some minor differences to be aware of.

ASTO the Global Label (name) of the program (in this example it's LBL AA) containing the expression to be solved in Register 06
- ALPHAAAALPHA
- XEQALPHAASTOALPHA06
The program with the expression to be solved must be written as though unknown x is on the x-stack only
- other solvers “fill the stack” with x
- here you need to manipulate the stack to get x as needed. It's easiest is to just ENTER ENTER ENTER and then treat the stack the same as other solvers (i.e. as if it's filled with x and you use x<>y to pull a fresh copy of x as needed in the expression).
Put a “step size” in y and a “start value” in x (e.g. -3)
- 0 ENTER -3
run SV

example

2x² + 3x - 4 = 0

Prog “AA”

LBL AA
ENTER
ENTER
ENTER
x^2
2
*
x<>y
3
*
+
4
-
RTN

for the first root

0 ENTER 1
XEQALPHA SV ALPHA

and the answer comes…..

0.850781059

for the second root

0 ENTER -3
XEQALPHA SV ALPHA

and the answer comes…..

-2.350781060

Integrate (IG)

This is very similar to SV - the main difference is that the Global Label for the program containing the expression to be integrated is stored with ASTO in Register 10.

I'm using AA as a general scratchpad Program label for use with Solve and Integrate…

ALPHAAAALPHA
XEQALPHAASTOALPHA10

For SV it's R06.

Otherwise carry out the same procedure for storing the expression.

Time taken for integration, and the accuracy obtained, is set by the display format - the more digits the longer the integration takes.

Set SCI 04 for most cases.

Set the name of the prog. in Reg 10
Edit the prog. for the expression to be integrated
Set the display format/accuracy to SCI 04
The limits of integration are set
- lowerENTER upper
Then the IG routine is executed
- XEQALPHAIGALPHA

Further Information

DM41 Save/Restore Statistics

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 10 Feb 2026 18:01:25 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41 Save/Restore Statistics

Using Extended Memory to save Statistics Registers

Background

Statistics use 6 regular registers to keep track of data for calculating Mean and Standard Deviations.

Keeping a long-term record of a set of variables means not being able to use the Statistics functions for anything else unless steps are taken to save and restore the registers.

It is possible to save the 6 registers in a data file in Extended Memory and then use the statistics for other things, and restore the saved Statistics back to Main Memory when required.

By Default the Statistics registers start at R11 but this can be changed with the command ∑REG

This is the default list of Statistics Registers and contents

R11	∑x	Summation of x-values
R12	∑x²	Summation of squares of x-values.
R13	∑y	Summation of y-values.
R14	∑y²	Summation of squares of y-values.
R15	∑xy	Summation of products of x- and y-values.
R16	n	Number of data points accumulated.

Advantage Pac : CFIT application seems to reset ∑REG to 12

Extended Memory Data File

The statistics registers use 6 Main Memory registers, usually R11 → R16

We need to create a Data File in Extended Memory to hold these.

Put the name in ALPHA e.g. REGS
Put 6 in x register
excecute CRFLD to create the Data File REGS in Extended Memory

Once it's created it can be used to hold the contents of the 6 Statistics Registers

Save Registers to Extended Memory

We need to make sure our Data File is the current file and that the pointer is at the beginning of the file
- Put REGS in ALPHA
- Put 0 in X so that we put the pointer at the first register record in the data file.
- Execute SEEKPTA
Now we need to copy the 6 Registers R11 → R16 to the Data File REGS
- ensure REGS is still in ALPHA
- put a number in X to indicate which range of Registers to save, this is bbb.eee where b is the beginning register and e is the end
  - put 11.016 in X
- execute SAVERX

Restore Registers from Extended Memory to Main Memory

We need to make sure our Data File is the current file and that the pointer is at the beginning of the file
- Put REGS in ALPHA
- Put 0 in X
- Execute SEEKPTA
We can copy the 6 registers held in the Data File REGS back to R11 → R16
- ensure REGS is still in ALPHA
- put a number in X to indicate where the recovered registers will be put in Main Memory
  - put 11.016 in X
- execute GETRX

A program to make it easier

It is possible to change the base register of the 6 Statistics Registers, away from the default of R11.

We need to take this into account.

This uses the query ∑REG? to find the base register, then create bbb.eee using simple arithmetic.

When used in SAVER (saveRegs) we ensure we copy the current Statistics Registers data.

When used in GETR (getRegs) we ensure we restore our data to the Registers currently set to be the active Statistics Registers (they may have changed since first saving them)

LBL ¬SAVER
¬REGS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
1.001
*
.005
+
SAVERX
¬REGS SAVED
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN
LBL ¬GETR
¬REGS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
1.001
*
.005
+
GETRX
¬REGS OK
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN

Multiple Saved Files

It's possible to have more than one Extended Memory file with Stats registers.

This could keep track of different sets of statistics and allow restore, update, save for many sets of statistical data.

I've set up two data files : REGS and CHESS in extended memory and made two version of the simple program above, the only change is to alter the lines which put the name of the file in ALPHA

Then I thought of adding a 7th Register holding the DATE of the latest SAVE for the CHESS statistics, so I can keep track of whether I'm up to date in entering the scores.

Delete the original CHESS Data File & make a new one with 7 registers

ALPHA → CHESS
execute PURFL
X = 7
ALPHA still → CHESS
execute CRFLD to create the new 7-register data file

The date is automatically stored in the register just after the Stats - in general in R18 when ΣREG is 12 - and automatically adapts the register used depending on ΣREG?

Here is SAVEC and GETC for saveChess and getChess

LBL ¬SAVEC
¬CHESS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
STO 01
6
+
STO 00
DATE
STO IND 00
RCL 01
1.001
*
.006
+
SAVERX
¬CHESS SAVED
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN
END

LBL ¬GETC
¬CHESS
0
SEEKPTA
∑REG?
STO 01
6
+
STO 00
RCL 01
1.001
*
.006
+
GETRX
CLA
RCL IND 00
¬LAST 
ADATE
AVIEW
PSE
CLD
RTN
END

Further Ideas

I might make a better version which prompts for a Data File name rather than having one separate program for each scenario

calculator, dm41x, dm41l

DM41X HP16C Module

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 10 Feb 2026 16:15:00 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X HP16C Module

Keyboard Overlay

Background

The HP16C Programmer's Calculator is made for manipulating numbers in Binary/Octal/Hexadecimal/Decimal to help with programming and other areas that rely on the nitty-gritty of bit-twiddling.

Swiss Micros make a modern hardware emulation (similar in form to the DM15L I already own) but rather than adding another calculator to my (growing) collection I found there is a ROM/Module method to add all (and more) the same features to the DM41X (and presumably the HP41, if you can find a hardware ROM plugin with it).

I occasionally need to do some conversions/calculations into Hex and Binary (thinking of TCP/IP networking, subnet masks etc. or perhaps debugging RS232 serial data, or when writing rig control software?) and being able to do everything on the DM41X (along with the Complex Number module) means the DM41X will become even more useful day-to-day.

The manual for the HP16C Module hp_16c_emulator_manual.pdf

The versions of modules I'm using : hp-16c_rev.1a.zip

The HP16C

The HP16C Manual : https://literature.hpcalc.org/community/hp16c-oh-en.pdf

The DM16L

https://www.swissmicros.com/product/dm16l

I bought a DM16L in August 2022

Basic Operation

Like the 41Z Complex Number module, a USER keyboard assignment is made to a trigger command which then automagically re-maps the whole keyboard for one command, then it reverts to normal. A mental image of the re-mapped keyboard starts to develop with use, making operation easier with time.

I've assigned the LN key to the trigger command 16C for the USER keyboard

SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT 1 SHIFT 6 C ALPHA LN

User Keyboard comments

With USER keyboard active I generally won't miss the loss of LN as I rarely use it.

If I do need LN I can simply turn off the USER keyboard.

The same applies for using the ∑+ key for entering Statistical Data - it's assigned to the Complex Keyboard trigger ΣZL.

I won't ever be using statistics at the same time as complex numbers (or HP16C functions).

The USER keyboard can generally remain active all the time except when I want to do statistics or calculate a natural logarithm. Two easy sacrificed keys. Are there others I can do without for additional assignments to frequently used functions or modules?

I've noticed that it's possible to assign the 16C command to the ∑+ key.

This allows a single key to be used both to trigger 16C mode, and then to trigger input mode 16NPT.

It means less hopping around.

The ∑+ key is doing double duty but ∑+ ∑+ seems a little more user friendly than LN∑+ for inputting numbers.

SHIFT ASN ALPHA SHIFT 1 SHIFT 6 C ALPHA ∑+

16KEYS?

16KEYS? info

I played with the LADYBUG module recently ( see DM41X Ladybug Module ) and enjoyed the more “immediate” keyboard input - with the whole keyboard re-mapped while using the module (in “INTEGER” mode). No need to preface each instruction with a trigger to enable the special keyboard for one command at a time.

I found that the HP16C Module can be switched to “full-time” 16KEYS mode too….

You need to get to the ∑BITS launcher and then select Y (for 16KEYS) and answer Y or N.

The 16KEYS function can't be reached any other way, that I've found. The simplest way is to use the DM41X CST menu to run the 16C ∑MOD launcher, then press SHIFT to switch to the ∑BITS launcher, then select Y (for 16KEYS).

You'll need to enable USER key mode, and then the 16C module can be used without the the need to trigger every command with 16C (normally ASN'd to LN key).

You still need to use 16NPT to input numbers (this is mapped to the A (∑+) key. Otherwise most things are just more intuitive. No need to use 16C before an arithmetic operation like + or - etc.

Example

Switch to BIN view

B

Enter a binary number 10111011

16NPT10111011ENTER

Convert to HEX

E

H: bb

Convert to DEC

D

d: 187

Enter a Decimal Number 23

16NPT23ENTER

d : 23

Add them

+

d: 210

Convert to BIN

B

b: 11010010

Much more intuitive….

Select the Base

USER keyboard active.

16C is USER assigned to LN - referred to as 16C hereafter.

I'll use the alpha letter for the top-row keys to describe them for Base Selection

16C B = BINARY

16C C = OCTAL

16C D = DECIMAL

16C E = HEX

Enter a number

HEX

Enter HEX value 5F

Use the 16NPT function which lives on the Σ+ button (it switches from the complex assigned ΣZL to 16NPT when the 16C is invoked)

16C E (to get into HEX mode)

16C 16NPT 5 F ENTER

Convert to BIN

16C B gives 1011111

Enter a new BIN number

16C 16NPT (i.e. Σ+) 1101100 ENTER

Add them together

16C + gives 11001011

Convert to HEX

16C E gives Cb

Convert to DEC

16C D gives 203

always enter numbers with 16C 16NPT the number ENTER

always use the 16 versions of mathematical functions

16C +

16C X

etc.

NOT, OR, AND, XOR

These are on shifted (and triggered with 16C) math keys:

- = NOT

+ = OR

x = AND

÷ = XOR

Example, in binary….

AND two numbers:

11011101 AND 10001001 →

16C B (to get into Binary mode if needed)

16C 16NPT 11011101 ENTER

16C 16NPT 10001001 ENTER

16C SHIFT X gives 10001001

In HEX…. XOR →

16C E (to get into HEX)

16C 16NPT BEEF ENTER (first number) (make sure at least 16-bit word size for this example Word Size

16C 16NPT CAFE ENTER (second number)

16C SHIFT ÷ (XOR) gives 7411

Convert answer to DEC

16C D gives 29713

Convert answer to BIN

16C B gives a long string of 1 and 0 that scroll across the screen…

Window

View the long BIN number using a WINDOW to look at 8 bits at a time…

16C SHIFT R/S

This asks WINDOW _ and enter 0 for the 1^st (MSB) 8 bits:

W0: 11101000:b

Scroll to sequential WINDOW slices with + and - →

+ →

W1: 0010001:b

+ →

W2: :b

The full 16-bit number is therefore:

111010000010001

Setting Word Size and negative number convention

The word size can be up to 64 bits. In general most stuff is 4, 8 or 16 bits wide, so you can set the size of the binary number in the ∑MOD launcher:

16C USR (one of several different ways of getting to ∑MOD)

16KEYS methods

There is then a choice of settings

B:O:D:H:F - 0: 1:2:W:S:?

The first four can set the mode to Binary, Octal, Decimal, Float.

0 sets UNSIGNED integers
1 sets ONE'S COMPLEMENT
2 sets TWO'S COMPLEMENT

Word size is checked with S

Word size is set with W then enter (eg) 16 to set 16-bit words.

Word Size can also be set directly from a 16C keyboard function 16WSZ accessed via 16C SHIFT 5 rather than via the ∑MOD menu/launcher

? displays the current settings (press ? then quickly press and hold it to read the displayed info)

0c - 16 - DEC

This means unsigned integers, 16-bit words, DECIMAL mode.

Other Launchers

Lots of functions are available in launcher sub-menus, eg a menu of rotate functions, or shift functions.

The various launchers are available cyclically via the 16C XEQ along with SHIFT and A

Some trial and error is needed to find what you want, but it starts:

16C XEQ → R: L LN RN R which is a menu to do bit-rotations.

Rotate 1-bit Left by pressing top-row button B

Rotate N-bits left with top-row button C (and enter the number of bits)

Rotate N-bits Right with top-row button D (and enter the number of bits)

Rotate 1-bit Right with top-row button E.

From the R menu:

A give the S: L LN RN R menu to SHIFT bits Left or Right

From the S menu:

XEQ gives ∑R : …………………. which gives lots of options to do things rightwards with the bits. list them

This goes on via XEQ and SHIFT (ORANGE button) to access several menu launchers. Trial and Error and muscle memory.

A brief map/list of launchers

16CXEQ → ∑ROT

∑ROT → XEQ → ∑LEFT → XEQ → ∑MOD → XEQ → ∑ROT

∑ROT → A → ∑SHF

∑SHF → XEQ → ∑RIGHT → XEQ → ∑BIT → XEQ → ∑SHF

∑LEFT ↔ SHIFT ↔ ∑RIGHT

∑MOD ↔ SHIFT ↔ ∑BIT

∑SHF ↔ SHIFT ↔ S“:

∑ROT ↔ SHIFT ↔ RC:

Registers etc

Numbers can be saved in 16C registers via 16C STO NN

e.g. save a subnet mask of 11111100 into 16C REG 00 (i.e. the last octet of a /30 network 255.255.255.252)

16C B (go to BINARY mode)

16C 16NPT 11111100 ENTER 16C STO 00

Use the stored value

What is 123 AND MASK ? (what's the network base number for host address of 123 using a netmask of 252?)

16C D (decimal so you can enter 123 rather than a BINARY number)

16C 16NPT 123 ENTER

recall mask (it doesn't matter that it was initially stored as a BINARY number, it's displayed in whatever base you are currently using)

16C RCL 00

AND them

16C SHIFT x

answer is 120

The MASK is still in 16-Register 00 if needed again….

Net address of a host with address 43?

16C D

16C 16NPT 43 ENTER

16C RCL 00

16C SHIFT x

answer : 40

xxx.xxx.xxx.43 has a network address of xxx.xxx.xxx.40

Most Used Functions

16C = LN (i.e. E on top-row)

16NPT = ∑+ (i.e. A on top-row, must be triggered with 16C) ²⁾

16C 16NPT type in a number ENTER (enter a number in whatever base is currently selected)

BIN OCT DEC HEX = 16C then one of top-row buttons B, C, D, E (select the required base)

∑MOD = 16C USR …. or 16C SHIFT 2 (open a settings menu to set the choice of mode/word/signed)

NOT / OR / AND / XOR = 16C SHIFT then one of - + x ÷ (logic functions)

RL / RR = 16C then one of SIN or COS (rotate Left or Right 1-bit)

RLN / RRN = 16C SHIFT then one of SIN or COS (rotate Left or Right N-bits _ _)

SLN = 16C TAN (shift Left N-bits _ _)

SRN = 16C SHIFT TAN (shift Right N-bits _ _)

Sb = 16C SHIFT 7 (set a bit _ _)

Cb = 16C SHIFT 8 (clear a bit _ _)

B? = 16C SHIFT 9 (is a bit _ _ set or not?)

#BITS = 16C SHIFT ∑+ (i.e. A on top-row) (how many bits are high?)

See Keyboard Overlay Pic above for more hints on 16C key assignments

EVERYTHING STARTS WITH ''16C''

It is recommended to change the assigned key occasionally to prevent wearing it out…..

DM41X PPC ROM Curve Fit

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 19 Apr 2026 20:12:08 +0000

←Hints & Tips

DM41X PPC ROM Curve Fit

The PPC ROM's CV function does similar Curve Fitting to the Advantage Pac CFIT program, without the limitation on negative data point values.

Negative X values are acceptable for Linear and Exponential curves

Negative Y values are acceptable for Linear and Logarithmic

If any data point has BOTH X and Y negative then only Linear is possible.

Running CV

XEQ ALPHACVALPHA

Unlike CFIT there is no displayed menu for the top-row buttons, so you need to remember the functions.

Key	A	B	C	D	E
Shift	∑-				Initialize
	Σ+	Solve Type J	Y	X	Solve Best Type

Unlike normal Stats entry (where Y-value is entered first, then ENTER, then X-value is entered second, so that the X-value is in the X register before pressing ∑+) here we enter in “conventional” order.

Clear old data SHIFT E (Initialize)
X ENTER Y Σ+
X ENTER Y Σ+
X ENTER Y Σ+
X ENTER Y Σ+
etc…..

once the data is accumulated either

enter a fit-type digit (J)
- 1 : Linear : Y = b*X + a
- 2 : Exponential : Y = a*e^bX
- 3 : Logarithmic : Y = b*Ln(X) + a
- 4 : Power : Y = a*X^b
then press B to Solve Type J

press E to Solve Best Type

The solution appears as

Z : r correlation coefficient Y : a coefficient X : b coefficient

You can now get estimates of Y (for a given X) or X (for a given Y)

You can accumulate more data (to add to what's already there) and do another FIT calculation.

If you want equally spaced X coordinates for single variable Y-data CV puts incrementing digit in X so you simply

ENTER Y₁ Σ+

ENTER Y₂ Σ+

ENTER Y₃ Σ+

ENTER Y₄ Σ+

…

and you accumulate as if you'd entered (1,Y₁), (2,Y₂), (3,Y₃), (4,Y₄)…

If you have X and Y data then the automatically incrementing X is overwritten by the manually entered real X values.

Examples

Manual Linear Fit

Data

Negative X and Y values allowed for a Linear Fit

X	Y
-1.5	-3
1.1	5.2
4.5	12.6
8.0	20.0
10.0	23.0
15.6	34.0

Entry procedure

SHIFT E Initialize
1.5CHS ENTER 3CHS ∑+
1.1ENTER 5.2 ∑+
4.5ENTER 12.6 ∑+
8ENTER 20 ∑+
10ENTER 23 ∑+
15.6ENTER 34 ∑+

Fit to Linear

1 (for Linear Fit J = 1) B

Results

Z : 0.995734680 : r correlation coefficient
Y : 2.017167182 : a coefficient (y-intercept)
X : 2.113978698 : b coefficient (gradient)

Linear Equation : Y = 2.114 X + 2.017

Estimations

Predict Y for X = 20

20 C
- 44.9674114

Predict X for Y = 25

25 D
- 10.87183747

Best Fit Method

Further Information

Page created : 16/02/26 20:13 GMT

Page updated : 16/02/26 21:42 GMT

calculator, dm41x

Hints & Tips

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 04 Mar 2025 07:27:15 +0000

←Calculators

Hints & Tips

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 16:03:44 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/03/25 07:27 GMT

calculator

DM15L Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 16 Apr 2026 15:01:20 +0000

←Programs

DM15L Progs

Dumps taken from the DM15L using a serial console session in Putty.

DM15L Startup Keys & Serial Console

Stock Swiss Micros Firmware

Dumps are also converted to readable program listings using the Swiss Micros online encode/decode tool at https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/nut/

Normal + "Complex Z to....."

LBL E converts Z=R±jX to RL, SWR, |ρ|∠ρ, |Z|∠Z

Data input :

if Z = R + j X, put R in Y-stack and X in X-stack and then run LBL E

R ENTER
X (and CHS as needed)
F
E

Results appear:

Stack X → Return Loss
Stack Y → SWR
Stack Z → (Re) |ρ| (Im) ∠ρ
Stack T → (Re) |Z| (Im) ∠Z

DM15_M1B
04  000000fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000996010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf8befbe2280  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  91000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  02875000000998
14  f0000000000000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000002ef  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01900000000001
1c  02232142865997  01800000000002  02232142865997  01004474273000
20  05302556024001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
ec  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  0000000000b237
f0  36a43433a43231  44db43e1a43433  42db41e1a43231  47c3fcf0f2bc35
f4  46fda5cff185cf  f145b3db44db43  fdfaf0f5a43231  fbf0f5a4323141
f8  c5420eb23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 000000fffff000  B: 000000fffffeae  C: 00000996010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 00000000000000  G: 04

Decoded Dump

001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32
052  LBL E        | 42,21,15
053  STO 2        |    44  2
054  x<>y         |       34
055  STO 1        |    44  1
056  RCL 1        |    45  1
057  RCL 2        |    45  2
058  I            |   42  25
059  5            |        5
060  0            |        0
061  -            |       30
062  RCL 1        |    45  1
063  RCL 2        |    45  2
064  I            |   42  25
065  5            |        5
066  0            |        0
067  +            |       40
068  /            |       10
069  STO 3        |    44  3
070  Re<>Im       |   42  30
071  STO 4        |    44  4
072  Re<>Im       |   42  30
073  ABS          |   43  16
074  STO 5        |    44  5
075  1            |        1
076  RCL+5        | 45,40, 5
077  1            |        1
078  RCL-5        | 45,30, 5
079  /            |       10
080  STO 6        |    44  6
081  RCL 5        |    45  5
082  LOG          |   43  13
083  2            |        2
084  0            |        0
085  *            |       20
086  CHS          |       16
087  STO 7        |    44  7
088  RCL 1        |    45  1
089  RCL 2        |    45  2
090  I            |   42  25
091  ->P          |     43 1
092  STO 1        |    44  1
093  Re<>Im       |   42  30
094  STO 2        |    44  2
095  RCL 3        |    45  3
096  RCL 4        |    45  4
097  I            |   42  25
098  ->P          |     43 1
099  STO 3        |    44  3
100  Re<>Im       |   42  30
101  STO 4        |    44  4
102  RCL 1        |    45  1
103  RCL 2        |    45  2
104  I            |   42  25
105  RCL 3        |    45  3
106  RCL 4        |    45  4
107  I            |   42  25
108  RCL 6        |    45  6
109  RCL 7        |    45  7
110  RTN          |   43  32

"Normal"

### 27/7/22 ####
# This is the usual set of 3 useful tool progs I have in the DM15L for quick calculation/conversion
# of antenna parameters.
#

Ref Power ENTER Fwd Power fA → SWR x<>y RL
SWR fB → Return Loss
Return Loss fC → SWR

DM15_M1B
00  03400000000001  01000000000001  08000000000000  00000000000000
04  155000000ff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf0bde7aa28f  000080bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  01000000000001  00000000000000  03400000000001
14  f7365289440000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000004f8  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265622000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f8  000000b23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 155000000ff000  B: 155000000ffeae  C: 00002000010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 05500000000001  G: 06

Decoded dump

LBL C
20

/
10^x
STO 2
1
+
RCL 2
1
-
/
RTN
LBL B
STO 2
1
-
RCL 2
1
+
/
LOG
20

*
CHS
RTN
LBL A
/
sqrt
STO 2
1
RCL+2
1
RCL-2
/
STO 3
1
-
RCL 3
1
+
/
LOG
20

CHS
*
STO 4
RCL 3
RTN

001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32

N-Queens Benchmark 27/7/22

DM15_M1B
00  08000000000000  08000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
04  065140fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000999eae
08  00000000000000  22af8d9e7e0080  00000000000000  00000000000000
10  08000000000000  08000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000
14  f0000000000537  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f7  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  04000000000000
1c  01000000000000  03000000000000  06000000000000  02000000000000
20  07000000000000  05000000000000  00000000000000  08000000000000
24  08760000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f4  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  b25104137030a0
f8  dff1117086bddf  f19730031276fb  3930b313ecfb86  c4973986973010
fc  ec39a9dff10249  3091dff1019650  973080dff11475  50300060f8a50a
A: 065140fffff000  B: 065140fffffeae  C: 00000000999eae
S: 00000000000000
M: aaaaaaaaaaaaaa  N: 06514000000000  G: 04

Decoded Dump

LBL A
CLR_REG
8
STO .0
LBL 0
RCL 0
RCL .0
TEST 5
GTO 4
1
STO+0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL .0
STO (i)
LBL 1
1
STO+.1
RCL 0
STO 9
LBL 2
1
STO-9
RCL 9
x=0
GTO 0
RCL 0
STO I
RCL (i)
RCL 9
STO I
R_down
RCL (i)
-
x=0
GTO 3
ABS
RCL 0
RCL 9
-
TEST 6
GTO 2
LBL 3
RCL 0
STO I
1
STO-(i)
RCL (i)
TEST 0
GTO 1
1
STO-0
RCL 0
TEST 0
GTO 3
LBL 4
RCL .1
RTN

001  LBL A        | 42,21,11
002  CLR_REG      |   42  34
003  8            |        8
004  STO .0       |    44 .0
005  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
006  RCL 0        |    45  0
007  RCL .0       |    45 .0
008  TEST 5       | 43,30, 5
009  GTO 4        |    22  4
010  1            |        1
011  STO+0        | 44,40, 0
012  RCL 0        |    45  0
013  STO I        |   44  25
014  RCL .0       |    45 .0
015  STO (i)      |   44  24
016  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
017  1            |        1
018  STO+.1       | 44,40,.1
019  RCL 0        |    45  0
020  STO 9        |    44  9
021  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
022  1            |        1
023  STO-9        | 44,30, 9
024  RCL 9        |    45  9
025  x=0          |   43  20
026  GTO 0        |    22  0
027  RCL 0        |    45  0
028  STO I        |   44  25
029  RCL (i)      |   45  24
030  RCL 9        |    45  9
031  STO I        |   44  25
032  R_down       |       33
033  RCL (i)      |   45  24
034  -            |       30
035  x=0          |   43  20
036  GTO 3        |    22  3
037  ABS          |   43  16
038  RCL 0        |    45  0
039  RCL 9        |    45  9
040  -            |       30
041  TEST 6       | 43,30, 6
042  GTO 2        |    22  2
043  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
044  RCL 0        |    45  0
045  STO I        |   44  25
046  1            |        1
047  STO-(i)      | 44,30,24
048  RCL (i)      |   45  24
049  TEST 0       | 43,30, 0
050  GTO 1        |    22  1
051  1            |        1
052  STO-0        | 44,30, 0
053  RCL 0        |    45  0
054  TEST 0       | 43,30, 0
055  GTO 3        |    22  3
056  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
057  RCL .1       |    45 .1
058  RTN          |   43  32

Savage Benchmark 23/01/26

DM15_M1B
00  01000000000000  01000000000000  01000000000000  00000000000000
04  32499970322000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40997997010eae
08  00000000000000  3ebeefb6e4228f  e79282e8bc2ac0  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  08000000000000  06000000000000  02498970322003
14  f0000000000504  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001fc  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  06000000000000
1c  04000000000000  07000000000000  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
fc  000000000000b2  1b82fac9b9cbbb  caba0bc1c1c1f1  40f9f9f4f2e80a
A: 32499970322000  B: 32499970322eae  C: 40997997010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 02499970322003  G: 09

UPDATED "Butterworth" program 12/2/22

############################
#
#  Updated 12/2/22 : change to reduce amount of looping/storing 
#  Sub routine "LBL 8" changed
DM15_M1B
00  05108827280994  05000000000999  05000000000999  00000000000000
04  24547fff912000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00012012012eae
08  00000000000000  b6000a9eda000f  e6220040000000  00000000000000
10  07000000000000  05108827295994  08007000000000  05000000000001
14  f0000000012435  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000006f1  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00300  07293277408990
1c  01261776142994  04547284088990  01261776142994  07293277408990
20  05108827280994  01103787069994  04026420096990  08509227540993
24  02583151782990  04031222906993  05481145266989  07025940305993
28  09506412356989  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
2c  03500000000006  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  00b2fcf2c7fdfc  f230fcf0f8f1fb  f1fcf200171195
f4  96ce50ff20eb87  012640b340ff72  c56930ff83ff0a  17b2139596fdf0
f8  f52805b2139596  fcf0f5280410ff  1950ffa3fdf2eb  87032607b297fa
fc  f1fdf0f0f0f130  06b21514ec00ff  b21415ec09b2fd  fcb6fcf2598608
A: 24547fff912000  B: 24547fff912eae  C: 00012012012eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 05108827280994  N: 04547284088990  G: 23

Dump above decoded at Swiss micros

001  LBL 8        | 42,21, 8
002  RCL (i)      |   45  24
003  RCL .9       |    45 .9
004  2            |        2
005  *            |       20
006  PI           |   43  26
007  *            |       20
008  /            |       10
009  RTN          |   43  32
010  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
011  x=0          |   43  20
012  GTO 5        |    22  5
013  GTO 4        |    22  4
014  RTN          |   43  32
015  LBL .0       | 42,21,.0
016  x=0          |   43  20
017  GTO 4        |    22  4
018  GTO 5        |    22  5
019  RTN          |   43  32
020  LBL 6        | 42,21, 6
021  RCL 0        |    45  0
022  1            |        1
023  0            |        0
024  0            |        0
025  0            |        0
026  /            |       10
027  1            |        1
028  +            |       40
029  STO I        |   44  25
030  RTN          |   43  32
031  LBL 7        | 42,21, 7
032  GSB 6        |    32  6
033  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
034  RCL I        |   45  25
035  INT          |   43  44
036  2            |        2
037  /            |       10
038  FRAC         |   42  44
039  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
040  GTO 9        |    22  9
041  GTO .0       |    22 .0
042  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
043  GSB 8        |    32  8
044  5            |        5
045  0            |        0
046  *            |       20
047  STO (i)      |   44  24
048  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
049  GTO 3        |    22  3
050  RTN          |   43  32
051  LBL 5        | 42,21, 5
052  GSB 8        |    32  8
053  5            |        5
054  0            |        0
055  /            |       10
056  STO (i)      |   44  24
057  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
058  GTO 3        |    22  3
059  RTN          |   43  32
060  GTO 7        |    22  7
061  LBL A        | 42,21,11
062  ENG 3        | 42, 9, 3
063  SF 0         | 43, 4, 0
064  STO .9       |    44 .9
065  x<>y         |       34
066  TEST 2       | 43,30, 2
067  CF 0         | 43, 5, 0
068  ABS          |   43  16
069  STO 0        |    44  0
070  GSB 6        |    32  6
071  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
072  RCL I        |   45  25
073  INT          |   43  44
074  GSB 0        |    32  0
075  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
076  1/x          |       15
077  STO (i)      |   44  24
078  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
079  GTO 1        |    22  1
080  GTO 7        |    22  7
081  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
082  2            |        2
083  *            |       20
084  1            |        1
085  -            |       30
086  1            |        1
087  8            |        8
088  0            |        0
089  *            |       20
090  RCL 0        |    45  0
091  2            |        2
092  *            |       20
093  /            |       10
094  SIN          |       23
095  2            |        2
096  *            |       20
097  RTN          |   43  32

Dump

################################

DM15_M1B
00  01040000000003  01750000000002  01750000000002  00000000000000
04  08200000910000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000009eae
08  00000000000000  2faf8bf9fe2280  be220040bcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  06283185308000
14  f7365289446075  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000007f2  000000000003ff
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01924950591000
1c  01924950591000  01000000000001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  00000000000000  b23344fcc3f0f2  bcfdfaf133fbf1
f4  43fda2cff182cf  f142cafd0ab2c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  32fbf1420bb2fd
f8  fbf132faf142cc  fdf0f20cb2fcf0  f1bcfdc3f3c6f1  fdf0f5ba0db2ca
fc  fcf0f5fcc3f3c6  f1ccfdf0f10eb2  c3fcf0f2bcfdfa  f1c5fbf1c1c100
A: 08200000910000  B: 08200000910eae  C: 00002000009eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 00000000000990  N: 08200000000990  G: 19

Dump above decoded @ Swiss Micros

# https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/nut/
#
001  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
002  ENTER        |       36
003  ENTER        |       36
004  1            |        1
005  -            |       30
006  x<>y         |       34
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  /            |       10
010  LOG          |   43  13
011  2            |        2
012  0            |        0
013  *            |       20
014  CHS          |       16
015  RTN          |   43  32
016  LBL E        | 42,21,15
017  1            |        1
018  0            |        0
019  /            |       10
020  10^x         |       13
021  1            |        1
022  EEX          |       26
023  3            |        3
024  CHS          |       16
025  *            |       20
026  5            |        5
027  0            |        0
028  *            |       20
029  sqrt         |       11
030  RTN          |   43  32
031  LBL D        | 42,21,14
032  x^2          |   43  11
033  5            |        5
034  0            |        0
035  /            |       10
036  1            |        1
037  EEX          |       26
038  3            |        3
039  CHS          |       16
040  /            |       10
041  LOG          |   43  13
042  1            |        1
043  0            |        0
044  *            |       20
045  RTN          |   43  32
046  LBL C        | 42,21,13
047  2            |        2
048  0            |        0
049  /            |       10
050  10^x         |       13
051  STO 2        |    44  2
052  1            |        1
053  +            |       40
054  RCL 2        |    45  2
055  1            |        1
056  -            |       30
057  /            |       10
058  RTN          |   43  32
059  LBL B        | 42,21,12
060  STO 2        |    44  2
061  1            |        1
062  -            |       30
063  RCL 2        |    45  2
064  1            |        1
065  +            |       40
066  /            |       10
067  LOG          |   43  13
068  2            |        2
069  0            |        0
070  *            |       20
071  CHS          |       16
072  RTN          |   43  32
073  LBL A        | 42,21,11
074  /            |       10
075  sqrt         |       11
076  STO 2        |    44  2
077  1            |        1
078  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
079  1            |        1
080  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
081  /            |       10
082  STO 3        |    44  3
083  1            |        1
084  -            |       30
085  RCL 3        |    45  3
086  1            |        1
087  +            |       40
088  /            |       10
089  LOG          |   43  13
090  2            |        2
091  0            |        0
092  CHS          |       16
093  *            |       20
094  STO 4        |    44  4
095  RCL 3        |    45  3
096  RTN          |   43  32

Dump

######################################################


DM15
00  01544068044001  01544068044001  01544068044001  00000000000000
04  1154407ffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000000000eae
08  00000000000000  362f0d9e8a808f  00000000002a00  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000  02000000000001
14  f0000000000027  c0d2d2d2d2d2d2  000000000004f8  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  00000000000000
c0  01406828223000  01406828223000  01544068044001  00000000000000
f8  000000b23344fc  c3f0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
fc  0ab2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf132fbf142  0bb2fdfbf132fa  f142ccfdf0f20c
A: 1154407ffff000  B: 1154407ffffeae  C: 00000000000eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 15440680436000  N: 01544068044001  G: 04

Decode of Dump above

#
001  LBL C        | 42,21,13
002  2            |        2
003  0            |        0
004  /            |       10
005  10^x         |       13
006  STO 2        |    44  2
007  1            |        1
008  +            |       40
009  RCL 2        |    45  2
010  1            |        1
011  -            |       30
012  /            |       10
013  RTN          |   43  32
014  LBL B        | 42,21,12
015  STO 2        |    44  2
016  1            |        1
017  -            |       30
018  RCL 2        |    45  2
019  1            |        1
020  +            |       40
021  /            |       10
022  LOG          |   43  13
023  2            |        2
024  0            |        0
025  *            |       20
026  CHS          |       16
027  RTN          |   43  32
028  LBL A        | 42,21,11
029  /            |       10
030  sqrt         |       11
031  STO 2        |    44  2
032  1            |        1
033  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
034  1            |        1
035  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
036  /            |       10
037  STO 3        |    44  3
038  1            |        1
039  -            |       30
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  1            |        1
042  +            |       40
043  /            |       10
044  LOG          |   43  13
045  2            |        2
046  0            |        0
047  CHS          |       16
048  *            |       20
049  STO 4        |    44  4
050  RCL 3        |    45  3
051  RTN          |   43  32
########################################################################

Dump 23/12/21

### 23/12/21
# A = Stack Y -> Ref, Stack X ->Fwd -> [f][A] -> Stack Y = RL, Stack X = SWR
# B = SWR -> RL
# C = RL -> SWR
# D = PiAttn : (y = attn, x = Zo) -> [f][D] -> (y = series R, x = shunt Rs)
# E = Fibonacci Number x = n -> f(n)
# 


DM15_M1B
00  03400000000001  01000000000001  08000000000000  00000000000000
04  155000000ff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002000010eae
08  00000000000000  2faf0bde7aa28f  000080bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  00000000000000  01000000000001  00000000000000  03400000000001
14  f7365289446057  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000001f1  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265622000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000001  02500000000003
20  01800000000002  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  00000000000000  000000000000b2  3344fcc3f0f2bc  fdfaf133fbf143
f4  fda2cff182cff1  42cafd0ab2c3fc  f0f2bcfdfaf132  fbf1420bb2fdfb
f8  f132faf142ccfd  f0f20cb2333444  c0cffdc2cff2fb  ba32f143c0cffd
fc  a2cff182cff142  ccfdc3f0f241c5  400db21182c5b1  fa01f0c1f1400e
A: 155000000ff000  B: 155000000ffeae  C: 00002000010eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 00000000000000  N: 05500000000001  G: 06

Decode of dump above

# 
#
001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  STO 0        |    44  0
003  1            |        1
004  ENTER        |       36
005  0            |        0
006  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
007  +            |       40
008  LSTx         |   43  36
009  x<>y         |       34
010  DSE 0        | 42, 5, 0
011  GTO 1        |    22  1
012  RTN          |   43  32
013  LBL D        | 42,21,14
014  STO 0        |    44  0
015  x<>y         |       34
016  STO 1        |    44  1
017  2            |        2
018  0            |        0
019  CHS          |       16
020  /            |       10
021  10^x         |       13
022  STO 2        |    44  2
023  1            |        1
024  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
025  1            |        1
026  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
027  /            |       10
028  RCL*0        | 45,20, 0
029  STO 3        |    44  3
030  1            |        1
031  RCL 2        |    45  2
032  x^2          |   43  11
033  -            |       30
034  2            |        2
035  RCL*2        | 45,20, 2
036  /            |       10
037  RCL*0        | 45,20, 0
038  STO 4        |    44  4
039  RCL 4        |    45  4
040  RCL 3        |    45  3
041  RTN          |   43  32
042  LBL C        | 42,21,13
043  2            |        2
044  0            |        0
045  /            |       10
046  10^x         |       13
047  STO 2        |    44  2
048  1            |        1
049  +            |       40
050  RCL 2        |    45  2
051  1            |        1
052  -            |       30
053  /            |       10
054  RTN          |   43  32
055  LBL B        | 42,21,12
056  STO 2        |    44  2
057  1            |        1
058  -            |       30
059  RCL 2        |    45  2
060  1            |        1
061  +            |       40
062  /            |       10
063  LOG          |   43  13
064  2            |        2
065  0            |        0
066  *            |       20
067  CHS          |       16
068  RTN          |   43  32
069  LBL A        | 42,21,11
070  /            |       10
071  sqrt         |       11
072  STO 2        |    44  2
073  1            |        1
074  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
075  1            |        1
076  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
077  /            |       10
078  STO 3        |    44  3
079  1            |        1
080  -            |       30
081  RCL 3        |    45  3
082  1            |        1
083  +            |       40
084  /            |       10
085  LOG          |   43  13
086  2            |        2
087  0            |        0
088  CHS          |       16
089  *            |       20
090  STO 4        |    44  4
091  RCL 3        |    45  3
092  RTN          |   43  32
=======================================================================
#

Dump 10/2/22

#
#    10 Feb 2022
#    Butterworth Filter designer
#    enter filter order (n) into Y register (+ = HPF, - = LPF) , 
#    enter Freq into X register
#    execute program with [f] [A]
#    Values for each component are obtained from registers R1 -> Rn 

DM15_M1B
00  02251666050002  03218976343993  03218976343993  00000000000000
04  16640fff000000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00012012012eae
08  00000000000000  36800bdf7e820f  bef20200000000  00000000000000
10  05000000000000  03218976343993  06005000000000  02000000000000
14  f0000000012377  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00300  04918158214989
1c  09947183945992  04918158214989  03218976343993  01103787069994
20  04547284088990  01103787069994  04026420096990  08509227540993
24  02583151782990  04031222906993  05481145266989  07025940305993
28  09506412356989  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
2c  04000000000007  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2fcf2c7fd  fcf230fcf0f8f1  fbf1fcf2001811  9596ce50ff20eb
f4  87012640b340ff  72c56930ff83ff  0a17129596fdfc  b6fcf25986eb87
f8  022608b2139596  fdf0f58605b213  9596fcf0f58604  10ff1950ffa3fd
fc  f2eb87032607b2  97faf1fdf0f0f0  f13006b21514ec  00ffb21415ec09
A: 16640fff000000  B: 16640fff000eae  C: 00012012012eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 02000000000001  N: 06639528095001  G: 23

Decode of dump above

=====================================================================
001  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
002  x=0          |   43  20
003  GTO 5        |    22  5
004  GTO 4        |    22  4
005  RTN          |   43  32
006  LBL .0       | 42,21,.0
007  x=0          |   43  20
008  GTO 4        |    22  4
009  GTO 5        |    22  5
010  RTN          |   43  32
011  LBL 6        | 42,21, 6
012  RCL 0        |    45  0
013  1            |        1
014  0            |        0
015  0            |        0
016  0            |        0
017  /            |       10
018  1            |        1
019  +            |       40
020  STO I        |   44  25
021  RTN          |   43  32
022  LBL 7        | 42,21, 7
023  GSB 6        |    32  6
024  LBL 3        | 42,21, 3
025  RCL I        |   45  25
026  INT          |   43  44
027  2            |        2
028  /            |       10
029  FRAC         |   42  44
030  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
031  GTO 9        |    22  9
032  GTO .0       |    22 .0
033  LBL 4        | 42,21, 4
034  RCL (i)      |   45  24
035  5            |        5
036  0            |        0
037  *            |       20
038  STO (i)      |   44  24
039  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
040  GTO 3        |    22  3
041  RTN          |   43  32
042  LBL 5        | 42,21, 5
043  RCL (i)      |   45  24
044  5            |        5
045  0            |        0
046  /            |       10
047  STO (i)      |   44  24
048  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
049  GTO 3        |    22  3
050  RTN          |   43  32
051  LBL 8        | 42,21, 8
052  GSB 6        |    32  6
053  LBL 2        | 42,21, 2
054  RCL I        |   45  25
055  INT          |   43  44
056  RCL (i)      |   45  24
057  RCL .9       |    45 .9
058  2            |        2
059  *            |       20
060  PI           |   43  26
061  *            |       20
062  /            |       10
063  STO (i)      |   44  24
064  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
065  GTO 2        |    22  2
066  GTO 7        |    22  7
067  LBL A        | 42,21,11
068  ENG 3        | 42, 9, 3
069  SF 0         | 43, 4, 0
070  STO .9       |    44 .9
071  x<>y         |       34
072  TEST 2       | 43,30, 2
073  CF 0         | 43, 5, 0
074  ABS          |   43  16
075  STO 0        |    44  0
076  GSB 6        |    32  6
077  LBL 1        | 42,21, 1
078  RCL I        |   45  25
079  INT          |   43  44
080  GSB 0        |    32  0
081  F? 0         | 43, 6, 0
082  1/x          |       15
083  STO (i)      |   44  24
084  ISG I        | 42, 6,25
085  GTO 1        |    22  1
086  GTO 8        |    22  8
087  LBL 0        | 42,21, 0
088  2            |        2
089  *            |       20
090  1            |        1
091  -            |       30
092  1            |        1
093  8            |        8
094  0            |        0
095  *            |       20
096  RCL 0        |    45  0
097  2            |        2
098  *            |       20
099  /            |       10
100  SIN          |       23
101  2            |        2
102  *            |       20
103  RTN          |   43  32

Dump 07/02/25

###############
# 7 Feb 2025
# LBL A = y : ref/ x : fwd fA -> y : RL / x : SWR
# LBL B = SWR -> RL
# LBL C = RL -> SWR
# LBL D = Gas calc (tare ENTER gross ENTER cylinder "full gas weight" (i.e. 6/13/19kg) f D -> percentage full
# LBL E = DTT Freq <-> Channel conversion

DM15_M1B
00  09806650000000  02200000000001  03060000000002  00000000000000
04  066261ff934000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00000991000eae
08  00000000000000  39a287df7e2200  dba00240000000  00000000000000
10  01579783596001  01579783596001  00000000000000  08000000000000
14  f0000000000014  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01387265619000
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2fdfbf1c5  faf1c1c1ccfdf0  f20cb2c3fcf0f2  bcfdfaf1c5fbf1
f4  c1c10bb23344c3  fcf0f2bcfdfaf1  33fbf143fda2cf  f182cff142cafd
f8  0ab2fcf0f0f1fd  32fbc531fcf4f5  f4c0fafdf6f1fc  f0f0f1a3c5ebc1
fc  40c441c4420db2  faf6f0f3fcf809  b2fdf8fbf6f0f3  1978c5f6f0f30e
A: 066261ff934000  B: 066261ff934eae  C: 00000991000eae
S: 00000100000000
M: 03060000000002  N: 06626070150966  G: 04

Work Tools 23/01/26

###################################
#
#   Label A = DTT : Freq / Channel conversion
#   Label B = Gas : Tare/Gross/Size to calculate percentage-full
#   Label C = Return Loss to SWR conversion
#   Label D = SWR to Return Loss conversion
#   Label E = Reflected & Forward power to Return Loss and SWR calculation

DM15_M1B
00  03060000000002  04925000000001  04925000000001  00000000000000
04  2698000000f000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  00002001001eae
08  00000000000000  bfaf0bfe7e228f  02f082bcbcaf80  00000000000000
10  04002000000001  03650000000001  06000000000000  03060000000002
14  f0000000000100  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000005f0  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  01622214211999
1c  01387265622000  01579783596001  05000000000000  03000000000000
20  00000000000000  00000000000000  04000000000000  08000000000000
24  02100000000001  00000000000000  00000000000000  00000000000000
f0  0000b2faf6f0f3  fcf809b2fdf8fb  f6f0f31978c5f6  f0f30ab2fcf0f0
f4  f1fd32fbc531fc  f4f5f4c0fafdf6  f1fcf0f0f1a3c5  ebc140c441c442
f8  0bb2c3fcf0f2bc  fdfaf1c5fbf1c1  c10db2fdfbf1c5  faf1c1c1ccfdf0
fc  f20cb23344c3fc  f0f2bcfdfaf133  fbf143fda2cff1  82cff142cafd0e
A: 2698000000f000  B: 2698000000feae  C: 00002001001eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 06980000000000  N: 06980000000002  G: 06

Decoded Dump

001  LBL E        | 42,21,15
002  /            |       10
003  sqrt         |       11
004  STO 2        |    44  2
005  1            |        1
006  RCL+2        | 45,40, 2
007  1            |        1
008  RCL-2        | 45,30, 2
009  /            |       10
010  STO 3        |    44  3
011  1            |        1
012  -            |       30
013  RCL 3        |    45  3
014  1            |        1
015  +            |       40
016  /            |       10
017  LOG          |   43  13
018  2            |        2
019  0            |        0
020  *            |       20
021  CHS          |       16
022  STO 4        |    44  4
023  RCL 3        |    45  3
024  RTN          |   43  32
025  LBL C        | 42,21,13
026  2            |        2
027  0            |        0
028  /            |       10
029  10^x         |       13
030  ENTER        |       36
031  ENTER        |       36
032  1            |        1
033  +            |       40
034  x<>y         |       34
035  1            |        1
036  -            |       30
037  /            |       10
038  RTN          |   43  32
039  LBL D        | 42,21,14
040  ENTER        |       36
041  ENTER        |       36
042  1            |        1
043  -            |       30
044  x<>y         |       34
045  1            |        1
046  +            |       40
047  /            |       10
048  LOG          |   43  13
049  2            |        2
050  0            |        0
051  *            |       20
052  CHS          |       16
053  RTN          |   43  32
054  LBL B        | 42,21,12
055  STO 2        |    44  2
056  R_down       |       33
057  STO 1        |    44  1
058  R_down       |       33
059  STO 0        |    44  0
060  ENTER        |       36
061  INT          |   43  44
062  x<>y         |       34
063  FRAC         |   42  44
064  1            |        1
065  0            |        0
066  0            |        0
067  *            |       20
068  1            |        1
069  6            |        6
070  /            |       10
071  +            |       40
072  .            |       48
073  4            |        4
074  5            |        5
075  4            |        4
076  *            |       20
077  RCL 1        |    45  1
078  x<>y         |       34
079  -            |       30
080  RCL 2        |    45  2
081  /            |       10
082  1            |        1
083  0            |        0
084  0            |        0
085  *            |       20
086  RTN          |   43  32
087  LBL A        | 42,21,11
088  3            |        3
089  0            |        0
090  6            |        6
091  x<>y         |       34
092  TEST 8       | 43,30, 8
093  GTO 9        |    22  9
094  3            |        3
095  0            |        0
096  6            |        6
097  -            |       30
098  8            |        8
099  /            |       10
100  RTN          |   43  32
101  LBL 9        | 42,21, 9
102  8            |        8
103  *            |       20
104  3            |        3
105  0            |        0
106  6            |        6
107  +            |       40
108  RTN          |   43  32

LBL A = DTT MHz or Channel No f A → Channel No or MHz
LBL B = Gas : tare weight ENTER gross kg ENTER cylinder size kg f B → Fill percentage %
LBL C = Return Loss dBf C → SWR
LBL D = SWR f D → Return Loss dB
LBL E = Reflected Power ENTER Forward Power f E → Return Loss dB (y), SWR (x)

Solve with an Integral

from HP34C manual pp233
Solves Bessel function for Bessel-zero mod. index value

DM15_M1B
00  02404827787000  00000000000000  01570796327996  30001fd33ff996
04  024048fffff000  00000000000008  0000000000000c  40999997000eae
08  00000000000000  2fbf8db6e42080  00000000000040  00000000000000
10  02404827787000  00000000000000  00000000000000  95139629874993
14  00000000000000  1b2d2d2d2d2d2d  000000000006fd  00000000000000
18  00000000000000  0000000000007f  00000000a00000  00000000000000
fc  00000000000000  00b2fdb6c8fc30  c703b2b170a2ed  b333efb6f0400a
A: 024048fffff000  B: 024048fffffeae  C: 40999997000eae
S: 00000000000000
M: 000000000060fd  N: 02404827787000  G: 04


LBL A
STO 0
0
PI
∫ 3
ABS
         // THIS IS A METHOD OF RESTRICTING SOLVE TO A CERTAIN ACCURACY TO REDUCE THE TIME..
x<=y?    // y has the Integration accuracy estimate. We test if our "zero" is <= this. No point in trying further. Limits search time
CLx      // if our current guess for "zero" is better than the integration accuracy estimate we wipe "x" to an "actual" zero so that the SOLVE will complete
x≠0?     // if it wasn't "zero" we replace the last estimate of the integration and the SOLVE continues
LASTx
RTN

LBL 3
SIN
RCL 0
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

be in RAD angle mode
put initial guesses of 0 ENTER 1 and then f SOLVE A
first bessel zero at mod index 2.405

Program dumps for LF15C

Firmware details

LF15C - firmware for the DM15

Start of thread : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046.html
- Serial Port dump info : https://www.hpmuseum.org/forum/thread-20046-post-194697.html#pid194697
Serial Port settings
- Rate : 57600
- Data : 8 bit
- Stop : 1 bit
- Parity : None
- Flow Control : None
To extract a dump from calculator press and hold STO
- the non-zero digits can be copy/pasted into a text file for storage
To upload a previously saved dump
- copy it to clipboard and then
- press and hold RCL until the terminal shows Paste PrgMemory:
- in Putty ShiftFnInsert to paste clipboard text into terminal

Butterworth Filter

43 8 17 255 17 19 30 39 103 39 40 86 43 9 118 12 7 5 7 4 86 43 10 118 12 7 4 7 5 86 43 6 17 0 26 25 25 25 40 26 37 13 254 86 43 7 6 6 43 3 17 254 93 30 40 53 115 0 7 9 7 10 43 4 6 8 31 25 39 13 255 75 254 7 3 86 43 5 6 8 31 25 40 13 255 75 254 7 3 86 7 7 43 100 76 3 107 0 13 19 14 118 3 111 0 104 13 0 6 6 43 1 17 254 93 6 0 115 0 20 13 255 75 254 7 1 7 7 43 0 30 39 26 38 26 32 25 39 17 0 30 39 40 11 30 39 86 0

Order n (+ is HPF, - is LPF) → y
Frequency (Hz) → X
fA
Results are in R01 … R0n

Benchmarks

Savage, 8-queens, HP Maths and HP Trig

43 77 31 35 29 30 35 13 0 25 13 2 43 78 17 0 11 91 15 95 19 99 88 8 26 121 2 7 78 86 43 104 25 13 2 26 29 25 26 30 34 27 23 35 13 0 30 29 34 27 31 13 1 43 2 17 1 17 0 39 17 1 38 17 0 40 17 1 39 34 29 31 40 4 26 121 2 7 2 86 43 88 54 32 13 10 43 80 17 0 17 10 118 6 7 84 26 121 0 17 0 13 254 17 10 13 255 43 81 26 121 11 17 0 13 9 43 82 26 122 9 17 9 118 12 7 80 17 0 13 254 17 255 17 9 13 254 10 17 255 38 118 12 7 83 104 17 0 17 9 38 118 7 7 82 43 83 17 0 13 254 26 122 255 17 255 118 1 7 81 26 122 0 17 0 118 1 7 83 43 84 17 11 58 86 43 100 112 30 27 36 36 13 0 26 22 22 22 43 101 84 4 88 8 99 19 37 71 0 7 101 58 86 0

Savage is prog A : fA
8-Queens is prog 88 : f LBL 88
- Both the above use runTime to measure execution time - returns result in y and time in x
HP Museum Maths Benchmark is prog E : fE.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02
HP Museum Trig Benchmark is prog 77 : fLBL 77.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02

Work Tools

43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 17 3 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 31 14 118 8 7 1 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 1 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 0

LBL A = DTT (Channel ↔ Freq )
LBL B = Gas
LBL C = Return Loss → SWR
LBL D = SWR → Return Loss
LBL E = Reflected Power & Forward Power → Return Loss & SWR

Work Tools & Benchmarks

43 55 31 35 29 30 35 13 0 25 13 2 43 56 17 0 11 91 15 95 19 99 88 8 26 121 2 7 56 86 43 44 25 13 2 26 29 25 26 30 34 27 23 35 13 0 30 29 34 27 31 13 1 43 45 17 1 17 0 39 17 1 38 17 0 40 17 1 39 34 29 31 40 4 26 121 2 7 45 86 43 88 54 32 13 10 43 80 17 0 17 10 118 6 7 84 26 121 0 17 0 13 254 17 10 13 255 43 81 26 121 11 17 0 13 9 43 82 26 122 9 17 9 118 12 7 80 17 0 13 254 17 255 17 9 13 254 10 17 255 38 118 12 7 83 104 17 0 17 9 38 118 7 7 82 43 83 17 0 13 254 26 122 255 17 255 118 1 7 81 26 122 0 17 0 118 1 7 83 43 84 17 11 58 86 43 66 112 30 27 36 36 13 0 26 22 22 22 43 67 84 4 88 8 99 19 37 71 0 7 67 58 86 43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 17 3 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 31 14 118 8 7 1 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 1 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 0 0

LBL A = DTT (Channel ↔ Freq )
LBL B = Gas
LBL C = Return Loss → SWR
LBL D = SWR → Return Loss
LBL E = Reflected Power & Forward Power → Return Loss & SWR

Savage is prog is prog 66 : f LBL 66
8-Queens is prog 88 : f LBL 88
- Both the above use runTime to measure execution time - returns result in y and time in x
HP Museum Maths Benchmark is prog is prog 44 : f LBL 44
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02
HP Museum Trig Benchmark is prog 55 : fLBL 55.
- Run for 60 seconds, press R/S and find result in reg 02 RCL02

Dot/Cross/Uvec

43 12 22 104 40 86 43 11 13 99 10 13 98 55 17 99 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 38 30 78 40 86 43 10 13 98 10 13 99 17 98 55 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 37 30 40 86 0 0

* Dot Product of 2 complex numbers in y and x

|Y||X|Cosθ
- Y = Y_re + j Y_im
- X = X_re + j X_im
- Dot Product Y ⋅ X = Y_reX_re + Y_imX_im
Another way without splitting the complex number into its real & imaginary parts
- Dot Product Y ⋅ X = (Y^*.X + Y.X^*) / 2
  - f LBL 10

Cross Product of 2 complex numbers in y and x
- |Y||X|Sinθ
  - Y = Y_re + j Y_im
  - X = X_re + j X_im
  - Cross Product Y ⊗ X = Y_reX_im - Y_imX_re
- Another way without splitting the complex number into its real & imaginary parts
  - Cross Product Y ⊗ X = (Y^*.X - Y.X^*) / 2i
    - f LBL 11

Unit Vector of a complex number in x : f LBL 12

Dot Product

LBL 10
STO 98
R↓
STO 99
RCL 98
f (i)
x
RCL 98
RCL 99
f (i)
x
+
2
/
RTN

Cross Product

LBL 11
STO 99
R↓
STO 98
f (i)
RCL 99
x
RCL 98
RCL 99
f (i)
x
-
2
f Re<>Im
/
RTN

UVEC

LBL 12
ENTER
ABS
/
RTN

Work Tools & Dot/Cross/UVEC

43 104 40 4 13 2 26 125 2 26 126 2 40 13 3 26 38 17 3 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 13 4 17 3 86 43 102 30 25 40 12 22 22 26 37 14 26 38 40 86 43 103 22 22 26 38 14 26 37 40 92 30 25 39 24 86 43 101 13 2 10 13 1 10 13 0 22 93 14 53 26 25 25 39 26 35 40 37 29 27 31 27 39 17 1 14 38 17 2 40 26 25 25 39 86 43 100 34 25 35 14 118 9 7 9 34 25 35 38 32 40 86 43 9 32 39 34 25 35 37 86 43 12 22 104 40 86 43 11 13 99 10 13 98 55 17 99 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 38 30 78 40 86 43 10 13 98 10 13 99 17 98 55 39 17 98 17 99 55 39 37 30 40 86 0 0

LBL A = DTT MHz or Channel No f A → Channel No or MHz
LBL B = Gas : tare weight ENTER gross kg ENTER cylinder size kg f B → Fill percentage %
LBL C = Return Loss dBf C → SWR
LBL D = SWR f D → Return Loss dB
LBL E = Reflected Power ENTER Forward Power f E → Return Loss dB (y), SWR (x)

LBL 10 = Dot Product
LBL 11 = Cross Product
LBL 12 = Unit Vector

Solve with an Integral

from HP34C manual pp233
Solves Bessel function for Bessel-zero mod. index value

differs from the DM15L (HP15C) version because the Integration Accuracy estimate is very small so the test of x < = y? will never be true
instead we store a required ACC value (much like in the HP42S/DM42) in R001 and test against this instead

Memory Dump

43 100 13 0 25 103 79 3 104 17 1 118 8 98 118 1 102 86 43 3 11 17 0 39 15 103 40 86 0 0

Code


LBL A
STO 0
0
PI
∫ 3
ABS
RCL 1
x>y? // test if current guess (y) is better (lower) than our required accuracy (x)
CLx   // if it is, we're near enough, put a real zero in x
x≠0   // if it isn't zero we need to continue
LASTx // put back the last guess into x and the SOLVE goes on
RTN


LBL 3
SIN
RCL 0
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

be in RAD angle mode
put your ACC value in R001 (e.g. 0.0001 or 0.00001)
put initial guesses of 1 ENTER 2 and then f SOLVE A
first bessel zero at mod index 2.4048

Integrate Tests

The 12 Integration examples from the PPC ROM handbook section IG

43 12 84 24 26 37 14 24 30 37 39 4 86 43 11 28 16 14 84 24 26 37 4 39 14 24 30 37 26 34 22 30 40 16 40 86 43 10 84 24 26 37 4 86 43 9 30 20 24 16 86 43 8 88 15 86 43 7 35 25 25 103 39 37 4 14 4 37 14 11 84 35 25 25 39 14 40 86 43 6 24 27 37 14 39 4 86 43 5 4 14 26 38 40 14 88 20 38 86 43 4 88 86 43 3 103 39 11 86 43 2 4 86 43 1 27 14 84 26 37 40 86 0 0

SCI04 display mode

12 programs. Set limits and then execute f ∫ prog number

For example for program 1

0 ENTER 1 f ∫ 0 1 gives answer 3.1416

Limits 0 → 1 answer 3.1416
Limits 0 → 1 answer 6.6667 E-1
Limits 0 → 1 answer 6.3662 E-1 (rads mode)
Limits 0 → 1 answer -1.000
Limits 0 → 1 answer 3.6490 E-2
Limits 0 → 2 answer 3.1416
Limits 0 → π answer 2.1102 E1
Limits 0 → 1 answer 5.0000 E-1 (rads mode)
Limits 0 → 1 answer 2.0000
Limits 0 → 1 answer 7.8540 E-1
Limits -1 → 1 answer 2.3857 E-2
Limits -1 → 1 answer 2.2033

Using FIX10 still allows the integrations to complete almost instantly except for Program 8 which takes around 8 seconds!

Dropping to FIX08 and program 8 integration completes almost instantaneously too. Strangely Program 8 has some odd behaviour regarding display precision.

FIX04 → FIX07 → instantaneous answer 0.5000….
FIX08 → instantaneous answer 0.50000….
FIX09 → 8 seconds answer 0.499964689
FIX10 → 8 seconds answer 0.4999747623
FIX11 → 10 seconds answer 0.49999489949
FIX12 → 10 seconds answer 0.499999962001
FIX13 → instantaneous answer 0.5000……
FIX14 → instantaneous answer 0.500000……
FIX15 → instantaneous answer 0.5000000……

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 17:35:39 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 16/04/26 16:01 BST

Further Information

calculator, dm15l, lf15c

DM41X Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 14 Feb 2026 11:19:28 +0000

←Programs

DM41X Progs

DM41x RAW

HP Maths Benchmark	bm.raw
HP Trig Benchmark	bmt.raw
8-Queens Benchmark	nqu.raw
Savage Benchmark	svg.raw
Memo - as below - uses ascii file name “SITES” instead of “MEMO”	memo.raw
TR - from HP41cx User guide vol. 2	tr.raw
Sigma - from HP41cx User guide vol.2	sigma.raw

Using Solve and Integrate together

from HP343C handbook
DM41X version uses SOLVE and INTEG from Advantage Pac

Create a MYSOLVE wrapper that handles putting the correct SOLVE program name in ALPHA etc
Create the program that is to be solved and which has as it's function an integral
Create the program that defines the integral

MYSOLVE

LBL ¬MYSOLVE
¬MOD                    // the label of the program to be solved is put in ALPHA
SOLVE                   // we XEQ SOLVE (the Advantage Pac solver)
RTN

Solve : MOD

The program to be solved

LBL ¬MOD
¬BESSEL           // We put the name of the program with the integral in ALPHA
STO 00            // We store our current guess for X in R 00 to be accessible by the integral finction
0                 // put upper and lower limits for the integration in Y and X
PI
INTEG             // xeq INTEG from Advantage Pac
ABS               // our current guess, make it positive
X<=Y?             // Y has the Integration's estimate of accuracy - we use this to limit our search
ClX               // if our guess has returned a value from the integral that's less than the inherent accuracy then that's GOOD ENOUGH, we set X to zero and SOLVE completes     
X≠0?              // if we still don't have zero we put back the last guess and SOLVE continues
LastX
RTN

Integral : BESSEL

LBL ¬BESSEL
SIN
RCL 00
*
COS
PI
/
RTN

Running it

MYSOLVE sets up the ALPHA register with the name of the prog to be solved, so nothing needed in ALPHA at this time
put initial guesses in X and Y
- 1 ENTER 2
try FIX 4
Run MYSOLVE - via XEQ or set up a CST menu item for it

After a few minutes of Goose-flying we get the answer 2.4048

Useful Memo prog

MEMO

By Gary Goodman from HP document collection. Dated 24/3/85

65c22 Timer values

for VIA Tone generator

Needs Ladybug module

The required count is calculated from Φ₂ and the audio frequency required.

Count (decimal)

{ Φ₂ / ( 2 x F ) } - 2

for 1000Hz and a 1MHz Φ₂ :

Count = { 1,000,000 / ( 2 X 1000 ) } - 2 = 498

498d → $01F2

Run as XEQALPHATIALPHA

Prompt F for required audio tone frequency.

Enter freq

R/S

Result is the 2-byte value for T1CL & T1CH

e.g.

XEQALPHATIALPHA

R/S

Result:

$001F2

The Counter should be set to

T1CH = $01
T1CL = $F2

Entered as follows (make sure you're in DECS mode in Ladybug while entering the program - otherwise the 1000000 won't be interpreted correctly). When viewing/editing the program later it will look different!

LBL ¬TI
DECS
WSIZE 20
¬ F
PROMPT
STI 01
1000000
ENTERI
LDI 01
2
x
/
2
-
HEXS
RTN

BFil

Butterworth HPF/LPF Filter designer

LBL ¬BFIL
SF 00
¬MHZ ?
PROMPT
1 E6
*
STO 11
¬N
PROMPT
x<0?
CF 00
STO 10
XEQ 06
LBL 01
RCL 12
INT
XEQ 00
FS? 00
1/x
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 01
¬COEFFICIENTS
FIX 3
STOP
ENG 3
XEQ 06
LBL 02
RCL 12
INT
RCL IND 12
RCL 11
2
*
PI
*
/
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 02
XEQ 06
LBL 03
RCL 12
INT
2
/
FRC
FS? 00
GTO 09
GTO 10
LBL 09
¬HPF
x=0?
GTO 05
GTO 04
RTN
LBL 10
¬LPF
x=0?
GTO 04
GTO 05
RTN
LBL 04
RCL IND 12
50
*
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 03
RTN
LBL 05
RCL IND 12
50
/
STO IND 12
ISG 12
GTO 03
RTN
LBL 06
RCL 10
ABS
1000
/
1
+
STO 12
RTN
LBL 00
2
*
1
-
180
*
RCL 10
ABS
2
*
/
SIN
2
*
RTN
END

Examples

5MHz 5-pole LPF

XEQALPHABFILALPHA

MHZ ?

5 R/S

Order/poles = N

Positive for HPF

Negative for LPF

5 pole LPF = -5

5CHSR/S

COEFFICIENTS
0.618

(at this point you can RCL 01 etc. up to RCL 05 to see the calculated Butterworth Coefficients)

R01 : 0.618
R02 : 1.618
R03 : 2.000
R04 : 1.618
R05 : 0.618

R/S

LPF
393.5 -12

The calculated component values are now in Reg 01 - Reg 05

R01 : 393.5pf
R02 : 2.575uH
R03 : 1.273nF
R04 : 2.575uH
R05 : 393.5pF

1MHz 7 pole HPF

XEQALPHABFILALPHA

MHZ ?

1 R/S

Order/poles = N

Positive for HPF

Negative for LPF

7 pole HPF = 7

7R/S

COEFFICIENTS
2.247

(at this point you can RCL 01 etc. up to RCL 07 to see the calculated Butterworth Coefficients)

R01 : 2.247
R02 : 0.802
R03 : 0.555
R04 : 0.500
R05 : 0.555
R06 : 0.802
R07 : 2.247

R/S

HPF
17.88 -06

The calculated component values are now in Reg 01 - Reg 07

R01 : 17.88uH
R02 : 2.553nF
R03 : 4.416uH
R04 : 1.592nF
R05 : 4.416uH
R06 : 2.553nF
R07 : 17.88uH

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 18:35:00 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 14/02/26 11:19 GMT

— John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 16:07

Further Information

calculator, dm41x

DM42 Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:08:10 +0000

←Programs

DM42 Progs

Using the Swiss Micros online encode/decode tool

https://technical.swissmicros.com/decoders/dm42/index.php

to convert a “RAW” file into readable text:

00 { 110-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "SWR"
02 INPUT "Fwd"
03 INPUT "Ref"
04 RCL "Ref"
05 RCL÷ "Fwd"
06 SQRT
07 STO "RHO"
08 1
09 RCL+ "RHO"
10 1
11 RCL- "RHO"
12 ÷
13 STO "SWR"
14 RCL "RHO"
15 LOG
16 20
17 ×
18 +/-
19 STO "RL"
20 VIEW "Ref"
21 PSE
22 VIEW "Fwd"
23 PSE
24 VIEW "RL"
25 PSE
26 VIEW "SWR"
27 PSE
28 RCL "Ref"
29 RCL "Fwd"
30 RCL "RL"
31 RCL "SWR"
32 END

00 { 41-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".flc"
02 MVAR "freq"
03 MVAR "C"
04 MVAR "L"
05 RCL "L"
06 RCL "C"
07 ×
08 SQRT
09 PI
10 ×
11 2
12 ×
13 1/X
14 RCL "freq"
15 -
16 END

00 { 280-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "LCC"
02 INPUT "Vcc"
03 INPUT "PWR"
04 INPUT "freq"
05 RCL "Vcc"
06 X^2
07 RCL "PWR"
08 2
09 ×
10 ÷
11 STO "RL"
12 RCL "RL"
13 50
14 X≤Y?
15 XEQ "LCC"
16 RCL÷ "RL"
17 1
18 -
19 SQRT
20 STO "Qmin"
21 VIEW "Qmin"
22 PSE
23▸LBL 01
24 INPUT "Q"
25 RCL "Qmin"
26 X≥Y?
27 GTO 01
28 RCL "freq"
29 2
30 ×
31 PI
32 ×
33 STO "w"
34 RCL "Q"
35 X^2
36 1
37 +
38 RCL× "RL"
39 STO "B"
40 50
41 ÷
42 1
43 -
44 SQRT
45 STO "A"
46 RCL "Q"
47 RCL× "RL"
48 STO "XL"
49 RCL "B"
50 RCL "Q"
51 RCL- "A"
52 ÷
53 STO "XC1"
54 RCL "A"
55 50
56 ×
57 STO "XC2"
58 RCL "XL"
59 RCL÷ "w"
60 STO "L"
61 RCL "w"
62 RCL× "XC1"
63 1/X
64 STO "C1"
65 RCL "w"
66 RCL× "XC2"
67 1/X
68 STO "C2"
69 "Load"
70 AVIEW
71 PSE
72 VIEW "RL"
73 PSE
74 "Inductor"
75 AVIEW
76 PSE
77 VIEW "L"
78 PSE
79 "Shunt Cap"
80 AVIEW
81 PSE
82 VIEW "C2"
83 PSE
84 "Series Cap"
85 AVIEW
86 PSE
87 VIEW "C1"
88 PSE
89 RCL "RL"
90 RCL "L"
91 RCL "C2"
92 RCL "C1"
93 END

00 { 290-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "LCL"
02 INPUT "Vcc"
03 INPUT "PWR"
04 INPUT "freq"
05 RCL "Vcc"
06 X^2
07 RCL "PWR"
08 2
09 ×
10 ÷
11 STO "RL"
12 RCL "RL"
13 50
14 X≤Y?
15 XEQ "LCL"
16 RCL÷ "RL"
17 1
18 -
19 SQRT
20 STO "Qmin"
21 VIEW "Qmin"
22 PSE
23▸LBL 01
24 INPUT "Q"
25 RCL "Qmin"
26 X≥Y?
27 GTO 01
28 RCL "freq"
29 2
30 ×
31 PI
32 ×
33 STO "w"
34 RCL "Q"
35 X^2
36 1
37 +
38 RCL× "RL"
39 STO "A"
40 50
41 ÷
42 1
43 -
44 SQRT
45 STO "B"
46 RCL "RL"
47 RCL× "Q"
48 STO "XL1"
49 RCL "B"
50 50
51 ×
52 STO "XL2"
53 RCL "A"
54 RCL "Q"
55 RCL+ "B"
56 ÷
57 STO "XC"
58 RCL "XL1"
59 RCL÷ "w"
60 STO "L1"
61 RCL "XL2"
62 RCL÷ "w"
63 STO "L2"
64 RCL "XC"
65 RCL× "w"
66 1/X
67 STO "C"
68 "Load"
69 AVIEW
70 PSE
71 VIEW "RL"
72 PSE
73 "Input Inductor"
74 AVIEW
75 PSE
76 VIEW "L1"
77 PSE
78 "Shunt Cap"
79 AVIEW
80 PSE
81 VIEW "C"
82 PSE
83 "Output Inductor"
84 AVIEW
85 PSE
86 VIEW "L2"
87 PSE
88 RCL "RL"
89 RCL "L1"
90 RCL "C"
91 RCL "L2"
92 END

00 { 260-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "DTC"
02 INPUT "Z"
03 INPUT "Fmin"
04 INPUT "Fmax"
05 INPUT "L"
06 INPUT "Qu"
07 RCL "Fmin"
08 RCL× "Fmax"
09 SQRT
10 2
11 ×
12 PI
13 ×
14 STO "w"
15 RCL "L"
16 RCL "w"
17 X^2
18 ×
19 1/X
20 STO "Co"
21 RCL "w"
22 RCL "Fmax"
23 RCL- "Fmin"
24 2
25 ×
26 PI
27 ×
28 ÷
29 STO "Ql"
30 RCL "Co"
31 RCL "Ql"
32 2
33 SQRT
34 ×
35 ÷
36 STO "C12"
37 RCL "Ql"
38 2
39 SQRT
40 ×
41 STO "Qj"
42 RCL "Qj"
43 1/X
44 RCL "Qu"
45 1/X
46 -
47 1/X
48 STO "Qej"
49 RCL× "w"
50 RCL× "L"
51 STO "Rej"
52 RCL "Rej"
53 RCL× "Z"
54 RCL "Z"
55 X^2
56 -
57 SQRT
58 RCL× "w"
59 1/X
60 STO "Cjl"
61 RCL "Co"
62 RCL- "Cjl"
63 RCL- "C12"
64 STO "Cj"
65 "Tank Cap"
66 AVIEW
67 PSE
68 VIEW "Cj"
69 PSE
70 "Coupling Cap"
71 AVIEW
72 PSE
73 VIEW "C12"
74 PSE
75 "End Cap"
76 AVIEW
77 PSE
78 VIEW "Cjl"
79 PSE
80 RCL "Fmin"
81 RCL "Cj"
82 RCL "C12"
83 RCL "Cjl"
84 END

00 { 49-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".VppdBm"
02 MVAR "Vpp"
03 MVAR "dBm"
04 RCL "Vpp"
05 X^2
06 400
07 ÷
08 1ᴇ-3
09 ÷
10 LOG
11 10
12 ×
13 RCL "dBm"
14 -
15 END

00 { 40-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".LXl"
02 MVAR "L"
03 MVAR "freq"
04 MVAR "XL"
05 RCL "freq"
06 RCL× "L"
07 2
08 ×
09 PI
10 ×
11 RCL "XL"
12 -
13 END

00 { 42-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".CXc"
02 MVAR "XC"
03 MVAR "freq"
04 MVAR "C"
05 RCL "XC"
06 RCL× "freq"
07 RCL× "C"
08 2
09 ×
10 PI
11 ×
12 1
13 -
14 END

00 { 45-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".S→RL"
02 MVAR "RL"
03 MVAR "SWR"
04 RCL "SWR"
05 1
06 -
07 RCL "SWR"
08 1
09 +
10 ÷
11 LOG
12 20
13 ×
14 +/-
15 RCL- "RL"
16 END

00 { 58-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".S→RF"
02 MVAR "Ref"
03 MVAR "Fwd"
04 MVAR "SWR"
05 1
06 RCL "Ref"
07 RCL÷ "Fwd"
08 SQRT
09 +
10 1
11 RCL "Ref"
12 RCL÷ "Fwd"
13 SQRT
14 -
15 ÷
16 RCL- "SWR"
17 END

00 { 37-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".VppW"
02 MVAR "Vpp"
03 MVAR "Watt"
04 RCL "Vpp"
05 X^2
06 400
07 ÷
08 RCL- "Watt"
09 END

00 { 160-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "OpBPF"
02 INPUT "freq"
03 INPUT "BW"
04 INPUT "Gain"
05 INPUT "C"
06 RCL "freq"
07 RCL÷ "BW"
08 STO "Q"
09 RCL "freq"
10 2
11 ×
12 PI
13 ×
14 STO "w"
15 RCL "Gain"
16 RCL "C"
17 RCL "Q"
18 2
19 ×
20 RCL "w"
21 RCL× "C"
22 ÷
23 STO "R3"
24 RCL "Q"
25 RCL "Gain"
26 RCL× "w"
27 RCL× "C"
28 ÷
29 STO "R1"
30 RCL "Q"
31 RCL "Q"
32 X^2
33 2
34 ×
35 RCL- "Gain"
36 RCL× "w"
37 RCL× "C"
38 ÷
39 STO "R2"
40 VIEW "R1"
41 PSE
42 VIEW "R2"
43 PSE
44 VIEW "R3"
45 RCL "freq"
46 RCL "R1"
47 RCL "R2"
48 RCL "R3"
49 END

00 { 51-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL ".PD"
02 MVAR "R1"
03 MVAR "R2"
04 MVAR "Vin"
05 MVAR "Vout"
06 RCL "Vin"
07 RCL "R1"
08 RCL+ "R2"
09 ÷
10 RCL "Vout"
11 RCL÷ "R2"
12 -
13 END

00 { 178-Byte Prgm }
01 GTO ".S←→RL"
02▸LBL "Lmat"
03 INPUT "Rlo"
04 INPUT "Rhi"
05 RCL "Rhi"
06 RCL "Rlo"
07 X≥Y?
08 XEQ "Lmat"
09 RCL "Rhi"
10 RCL÷ "Rlo"
11 1
12 -
13 SQRT
14 STO "Q"
15 RCL× "Rlo"
16 STO "XL"
17 RCL "Rhi"
18 RCL÷ "Q"
19 STO "XC"
20 INPUT "freq"
21 RCL "freq"
22 2
23 ×
24 PI
25 ×
26 STO "w"
27 RCL "XL"
28 RCL÷ "w"
29 STO "L"
30 RCL "XC"
31 RCL× "w"
32 1/X
33 STO "C"
34 "Q"
35 AVIEW
36 PSE
37 VIEW "Q"
38 PSE
39 "Inductor"
40 AVIEW
41 PSE
42 VIEW "L"
43 PSE
44 "Capacitor"
45 AVIEW
46 PSE
47 VIEW "C"
48 PSE
49 RCL "Rlo"
50 RCL "Rhi"
51 RCL "L"
52 RCL "C"
53 END

00 { 251-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Tmat"
02 INPUT "Rhi"
03 INPUT "Rlo"
04 INPUT "freq"
05 RCL "Rhi"
06 RCL "Rlo"
07 X>Y?
08 XEQ "Tmat"
09 RCL "Rhi"
10 RCL÷ "Rlo"
11 1
12 -
13 SQRT
14 STO "Qmin"
15 VIEW "Qmin"
16 PSE
17▸LBL 01
18 INPUT "Q"
19 RCL "Qmin"
20 X≥Y?
21 GTO 01
22 RCL "Q"
23 X^2
24 1
25 +
26 RCL× "Rlo"
27 STO "A"
28 RCL÷ "Rhi"
29 1
30 -
31 SQRT
32 STO "B"
33 RCL "Rlo"
34 RCL× "Q"
35 STO "XL1"
36 RCL "Rhi"
37 RCL× "B"
38 STO "XL2"
39 RCL "A"
40 RCL "Q"
41 RCL+ "B"
42 ÷
43 STO "XC"
44 RCL "freq"
45 2
46 ×
47 PI
48 ×
49 STO "w"
50 RCL "XL1"
51 RCL÷ "w"
52 STO "L1"
53 RCL "XL2"
54 RCL÷ "w"
55 STO "L2"
56 RCL "XC"
57 RCL× "w"
58 1/X
59 STO "C"
60 "L hi"
61 AVIEW
62 PSE
63 VIEW "L1"
64 PSE
65 "C shunt"
66 AVIEW
67 PSE
68 VIEW "C"
69 PSE
70 "L low"
71 AVIEW
72 PSE
73 VIEW "L2"
74 PSE
75 RCL "Q"
76 RCL "L1"
77 RCL "C"
78 RCL "L2"
79 END

00 { 135-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Piatt"
02 INPUT "Att"
03 INPUT "Z"
04 RCL "Att"
05 20
06 +/-
07 ÷
08 10^X
09 STO "A"
10 1
11 RCL+ "A"
12 1
13 RCL- "A"
14 ÷
15 RCL× "Z"
16 STO "R1"
17 1
18 RCL "A"
19 X^2
20 -
21 2
22 RCL× "A"
23 ÷
24 RCL× "Z"
25 STO "R2"
26 "Shunt R1"
27 AVIEW
28 PSE
29 VIEW "R1"
30 PSE
31 "Series R2"
32 AVIEW
33 PSE
34 VIEW "R2"
35 PSE
36 "Shunt R3"
37 AVIEW
38 PSE
39 VIEW "R1"
40 PSE
41 RCL "Att"
42 RCL "R1"
43 RCL "R2"
44 RCL "R1"
45 END

00 { 144-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "MPad"
02 INPUT "Zh"
03 INPUT "Zl"
04 RCL "Zl"
05 RCL÷ "Zh"
06 STO "A"
07 1
08 RCL- "A"
09 SQRT
10 RCL× "Zh"
11 STO "R1"
12 RCL "Zl"
13 1
14 RCL- "A"
15 SQRT
16 ÷
17 STO "R2"
18 RCL "A"
19 1/X
20 1
21 -
22 SQRT
23 RCL "A"
24 1/X
25 SQRT
26 +
27 X^2
28 1/X
29 LOG
30 10
31 ×
32 +/-
33 STO "G"
34 "Loss"
35 AVIEW
36 PSE
37 VIEW "G"
38 PSE
39 "Series R(hiZ)"
40 AVIEW
41 PSE
42 VIEW "R1"
43 PSE
44 "Shunt R(loZ)"
45 AVIEW
46 PSE
47 VIEW "R2"
48 PSE
49 RCL "G"
50 RCL "R1"
51 RCL "R2"
52 END

00 { 141-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Tatt"
02 INPUT "Att"
03 INPUT "Z"
04 RCL "Att"
05 20
06 ÷
07 10^X
08 STO "G"
09 RCL "G"
10 1
11 -
12 RCL "G"
13 1
14 +
15 ÷
16 RCL× "Z"
17 STO "R1"
18 STO "R2"
19 RCL "G"
20 RCL "G"
21 X^2
22 1
23 -
24 ÷
25 RCL× "Z"
26 2
27 ×
28 STO "R3"
29 "Series R1"
30 AVIEW
31 PSE
32 VIEW "R1"
33 PSE
34 "Shunt R3"
35 AVIEW
36 PSE
37 VIEW "R3"
38 PSE
39 "Series R2"
40 AVIEW
41 PSE
42 VIEW "R2"
43 PSE
44 RCL "Att"
45 RCL "R1"
46 RCL "R3"
47 RCL "R2"
48 END

00 { 151-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Bias"
02 INPUT "Vcc"
03 INPUT "Hfe"
04 INPUT "Ie"
05 RCL "Vcc"
06 12
07 ÷
08 STO "Ve"
09 0.7
10 +
11 STO "Vb"
12 RCL "Ve"
13 RCL÷ "Ie"
14 STO "Re"
15 RCL "Ie"
16 RCL÷ "Hfe"
17 STO "Ib"
18 RCL "Vb"
19 10
20 RCL× "Ib"
21 ÷
22 STO "R2"
23 RCL "Vcc"
24 RCL- "Vb"
25 11
26 RCL× "Ib"
27 ÷
28 STO "R1"
29 RCL "Vcc"
30 2
31 ÷
32 STO "Vc"
33 RCL "Vcc"
34 RCL- "Vc"
35 RCL÷ "Ie"
36 STO "Rc"
37 RCL "R1"
38 RCL "R2"
39 RCL "Rc"
40 RCL "Re"
41 END

00 { 26-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "FIB"
02 STO "N"
03 1
04 ENTER
05 0
06▸LBL A
07 +
08 LASTX
09 X<>Y
10 DSE "N"
11 GTO A
12 END

00 { 10-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Eng3"
02 ENG 03
03 END

00 { 10-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Fix6"
02 FIX 06
03 END

00 { 19-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "SM"
02 STO 00
03 0
04 STO 01
05▸LBL 01
06 RCL 00
07 STO+ 01
08 DSE 00
09 GTO 01
10 RCL 01
11 END

00 { 49-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "BM"
02 0
03 STO 02
04 1.01234ᴇ6
05 STO 00
06 2.345
07 STO 01
08▸LBL 02
09 RCL 01
10 RCL 00
11 ×
12 RCL 01
13 -
14 RCL 00
15 ÷
16 RCL 01
17 ×
18 3.5
19 ÷
20 SQRT
21 1
22 STO+ 02
23 GTO 02
24 END

00 { 33-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "BMT"
02 56.26
03 STO 00
04 0
05 STO 02
06▸LBL 04
07 RCL 00
08 SIN
09 ASIN
10 COS
11 ACOS
12 TAN
13 ATAN
14 LN
15 E^X
16 1
17 STO+ 02
18 GTO 04
19 END

00 { 64-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "P→S"
02 RECT
03 INPUT "Rp"
04 INPUT "Xp"
05 RCL "Rp"
06 RCL÷ "Xp"
07 STO "Q"
08 X^2
09 1
10 +
11 RCL "Rp"
12 X<>Y
13 ÷
14 STO "Rs"
15 RCL "Q"
16 ×
17 STO "Xs"
18 RCL "Rs"
19 RCL "Xs"
20 COMPLEX
21 STO "Zs"
22 END

00 { 51-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "S→P"
02 RECT
03 INPUT "Rs"
04 INPUT "Xs"
05 RCL÷ "Rs"
06 STO "Q"
07 X^2
08 1
09 +
10 RCL× "Rs"
11 STO "Rp"
12 RCL÷ "Q"
13 STO "Xp"
14 RCL "Rp"
15 RCL "Xp"
16 END

00 { 97-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "Z→"
02 RECT
03 INPUT "Rs"
04 INPUT "Xs"
05 RCL "Rs"
06 RCL "Xs"
07 COMPLEX
08 STO "Zs"
09 50
10 -
11 RCL "Zs"
12 50
13 +
14 ÷
15 STO "Rho"
16 ABS
17 STO "P"
18 1
19 RCL+ "P"
20 1
21 RCL- "P"
22 ÷
23 STO "S"
24 RCL "P"
25 LOG
26 20
27 ×
28 STO "Rl"
29 RCL "Zs"
30 RCL "Rho"
31 RCL "S"
32 RCL "Rl"
33 POLAR
34 RTN
35 END

00 { 92-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "PIXCIR"
02 MVAR "R"
03 MVAR "X"
04 MVAR "Y"
05 VARMENU "PIXCIR"
06 STOP
07 EXITALL
08 2
09 STO "GrMod"
10 1
11 360
12 1ᴇ3
13 ÷
14 +
15 STO 01
16 CLLCD
17▸LBL 01
18 RCL "Y"
19 RCL "R"
20 RCL 01
21 IP
22 SIN
23 ×
24 -
25 RCL "X"
26 RCL "R"
27 RCL 01
28 IP
29 COS
30 ×
31 +
32 PIXEL
33 RCL 01
34 ISG 01
35 GTO 01
36 XEQ "PIXCIR"
37 END

00 { 204-Byte Prgm }
01▸LBL "BFil"
02 ENG 03
03 SF 00
04 INPUT "MHz"
05 1ᴇ6
06 ×
07 STO "F"
08 INPUT "N"
09 X<0?
10 CF 00
11 XEQ 06
12▸LBL 01
13 RCL "I"
14 IP
15 XEQ 00
16 FS? 00
17 1/X
18 STO IND "I"
19 ISG "I"
20 GTO 01
21 "Coefficients"
22 AVIEW
23 STOP
24 GTO 07
25▸LBL 08
26 RCL IND "I"
27 RCL "F"
28 2
29 ×
30 PI
31 ×
32 ÷
33 RTN
34▸LBL 07
35 XEQ 06
36▸LBL 03
37 RCL "I"
38 IP
39 2
40 ÷
41 FP
42 FS? 00
43 GTO 09
44 GTO 10
45▸LBL 09
46 "HPF"
47 AVIEW
48 X=0?
49 GTO 05
50 GTO 04
51 RTN
52▸LBL 10
53 "LPF"
54 AVIEW
55 X=0?
56 GTO 04
57 GTO 05
58 RTN
59▸LBL 04
60 XEQ 08
61 50
62 ×
63 STO IND "I"
64 ISG "I"
65 GTO 03
66 RTN
67▸LBL 05
68 XEQ 08
69 50
70 ÷
71 STO IND "I"
72 ISG "I"
73 GTO 03
74 RTN
75▸LBL 06
76 RCL "N"
77 ABS
78 1000
79 ÷
80 1
81 +
82 STO "I"
83 RTN
84▸LBL 00
85 2
86 ×
87 1
88 -
89 180
90 ×
91 RCL "N"
92 ABS
93 2
94 ×
95 ÷
96 SIN
97 2
98 ×
99 RTN
100 END

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 17:32:54 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:08 GMT

— John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 16:08

Back to Top of page

Further Information

calculator, dm42

HP35s Progs

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 24 Jan 2026 08:11:53 +0000

←Programs

HP35s Progs

============= 13/2/22 ===========================


#### HP35s Butterworth Filter designer
#
# Changed 12/2/22 to make it fit in a single prog label with no
# sub routines (ie using up additional labels). Frequency entry
# now in MHz.
# Results are copied from indirect-only registers 1->9 into Registers R -> Z 
# to make them accessible from RCL R, RCL S etc. on keyboard 
#



M001 LBL M
M002 SF 0
M003 INPUT F
M004 1E6
M005 X
M006 STO F
M007 INPUT N
M008 X<0?
M009 CF 0
M010 18.026
M011 STO A
M012 RCL A
M013 IP
M014 +/-
M015 STO J
M016 0
M017 STO(J)
M018 ISG A
M019 GTO M012
M020 ENG 3
M021 RCL N
M022 ABS
M023 1000
M024 /
M025 1
M026 +
M027 STO I
M028 STO H
M029 RCL I
M030 IP
M031 2
M032 X
M033 1
M034 -
M035 180
M036 X
M037 RCL N
M038 ABS
M039 2
M040 X
M041 /
M042 SIN
M043 2
M044 X
M045 FS? 0
M046 1/x
M047 STO(I)
M048 ISG I
M049 GTO M029
M050 RCL H
M051 STO I
M052 RCL I
M053 IP
M054 2
M055 /
M056 FP
M057 FS? 0
M058 GTO M101
M059 GTO M105
M060 RTN
M061 RCL(I)
M062 RCL F
M063 2
M064 X
M065 PI
M066 X
M067 /
M068 50
M069 X
M070 STO(I)
M071 RCL I
M072 17
M073 +
M074 +/-
M075 STO J
M076 RCL(I)
M077 STO(J)
M078 ISG I
M079 GTO M052
M080 RTN
M081 RCL(I)
M082 RCL F
M083 2
M084 X
M085 PI
M086 X
M087 /
M088 50
M089 /
M090 STO(I)
M091 RCL I
M092 17
M093 +
M094 +/-
M095 STO J
M096 RCL(I)
M097 STO(J)
M098 ISG I
M099 GTO M052
M100 RTN
M101 x=0?
M102 GTO M081
M103 GTO M061
M104 RTN
M015 x=0?
M106 GTO M061
M107 GTO M081
M108 RTN

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 17:37:39 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 24/01/26 08:11 GMT

— John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 16:10

Further Information

calculator, hp35s

Code & Command Snippets

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 20:03:26 +0000

←Archive

Code & Command Snippets

Windows WiFi Disconnect

Windows will disconnect a WIFI connection when it discovers there's no WAN internet - presumably Windows thinks ALL networks are connected to the Internet and this prevents using WIFI for an isolated LAN, and also throws you off the WLAN whenever the ADSL connection fails, even when you're busy using only internal LAN sessions.

THIS IS WRONG BEHAVIOUR.

I found a solution, and typically it's a REGEDIT task:

From : https://superuser.com/questions/1650052/how-to-keep-windows-10-connected-to-wifi-without-internet

Add a Registry DWORD “NoActiveProbe” value “1” at Computer\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\NetworkConnectivityStatusIndicator

Job Done. You stay on your LAN even when the interwebs is down.

Chrome redirects

To remove a “permanent redirect” - e.g. from an http to an https URL - I found the answer here:

https://www.neilwithdata.com/chrome-redirect-forget

Open the Chrome Developer Tools (F12)
Go to the Network tab and make sure Disable cache is ticked
Reload (or navigate to) the page you no longer want to be redirected while keeping the dev tools open.

— John Pumford-Green 27/04/23 06:12

Vim Pasting

I recently had problems pasting text into Vim by the traditional RIGHT click method. Vim would enter Insert(VISUAL) mode instead.

One solution when using Putty is to use its own mechanism :

SHIFT+INS

I prefer to use RIGHT click, as it's more natural so I found the solution is to add

set mouse-=a

to ~/.vimrc

This solves the problem, and I don't need to use nano when editing text files on my remote server via SSH using Putty.

Raspberry Pi Stuff

find Raspberry Pi Model : cat /sys/firmware/devicetree/base/model
mount a raspberry pi image

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo losetup -Pf igate.img
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ lsblk
NAME      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0       7:0    0   4.3G  0 loop
├─loop0p1 259:0    0   256M  0 part
└─loop0p2 259:1    0     4G  0 part
sda         8:0    0 298.1G  0 disk
├─sda1      8:1    0 235.1G  0 part /
├─sda2      8:2    0     1K  0 part
├─sda3      8:3    0  50.9G  0 part
└─sda5      8:5    0  12.1G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo mount /dev/loop0p2 /mnt

remove mounted image

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo umount /mnt
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo losetup -D

Git

Basic Workflow

do all changes to code
git add . to add changed files to staging
git commit -m “commit message” to do the commit
git push to push new commits to github

Windows Host File

Start → Windows Accessories → Notepad → <right click> … more…Run as Administrator
edit C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts (set All files rather than txt to be able to see the hosts file in the file chooser)
Save

Auto SSH Tunnels

Used on remote installations to create persistent SSH reverse tunnels.

An example

svxlink hotspot

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 14:00:21 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 21:03 BST

linux, pi

MediaWiki VPS Install

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

MediaWiki VPS Install

— John Pumford-Green 27/04/23 06:21

I have recenlty rebuilt the VPS install during a hardware upgrade, and the Mediawiki install is no longer in place.

The following guide would allow it to be re-installed should I decide to.

To compare mediawiki with dokuwiki I installed mediawiki on my little shack server.

I followed the instructions here

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Running_MediaWiki_on_Debian_or_Ubuntu

and did a few tweaks etc. to get things running.

I forgot to document the tweaks!

So I thought there would be no harm in installing it on my VPS to run alongside the main dokuwiki site, with a view to deciding whether to switch to mediawiki later.

Here are my steps to install mediawiki on the VPS machine, which already has a fully configured and working webserver & PHP. The main addition will be setting up a SQL server (probably MariaDB).

Installing pre-requisites

sudo apt-get install apache2 mariadb-server php php-mysql libapache2-mod-php php-xml php-mbstring

wget https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.38/mediawiki-1.38.1.tar.gz

tar zxvf mediawiki-1.38.1.tar.gz

sudo mkdir /var/www/html/mediawiki

sudo mv mediawiki-1.38.1/* /var/www/html/mediawiki

That has installed a SQL server and the mediawiki files into the webserver root. Next is to configure the SQL database to hold the wiki.

SQL Configuration

gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ sudo service mysql START
gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome TO the MariaDB monitor.  Commands END WITH ; OR \g.
Your MariaDB connection id IS 36
Server version: 10.3.34-MariaDB-0+deb10u1 Debian 10
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab AND others.
 
TYPE 'help;' OR '\h' FOR help. TYPE '\c' TO clear the CURRENT INPUT statement.
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> CREATE USER 'new_mysql_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mwPass';
Query OK, 0 ROWS affected (0.018 sec)
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> quit;
Bye

Create the database and grant the user access

gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome TO the MariaDB monitor.  Commands END WITH ; OR \g.
Your MariaDB connection id IS 37
Server version: 10.3.34-MariaDB-0+deb10u1 Debian 10
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab AND others.
 
TYPE 'help;' OR '\h' FOR help. TYPE '\c' TO clear the CURRENT INPUT statement.
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> CREATE DATABASE my_wiki;
Query OK, 1 ROW affected (0.003 sec)
 
MariaDB [(NONE)]> USE my_wiki;
DATABASE changed
MariaDB [my_wiki]> GRANT ALL ON my_wiki.* TO 'new_mysql_user'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 ROWS affected (0.001 sec)
 
MariaDB [my_wiki]> quit;
Bye

Browse to https://gm4slv.org.uk/mediawiki and got an error message that there was a PHP component missing intl

sudo apt-get install php-intl

sudo service apache2 restart

Browse to mediawiki again and all seems well. The message now is that LocalSettings.php is missing, which is created at the next step, following the on screen link.

Configure the SQL access:

Database Username : new_mysql_user
Database Password : mwPass

Complete the questions, select the required extensions etc. and download the LocalSettings.php file. Then upload the file to the VPS and put it in /var/www/html/mediawiki

Tweaks

File uploads

Make sure images directory has ugo+rwx permissions

Logo

Somehow upload a logo.png into images and edit LocalSetting.php to point at the log:

$wgLogos = [
        '1x' => "$wgResourceBasePath/images/logo.png",
 
 
        'icon' => "$wgResourceBasePath/images/logo.png",
];

Image thumbnails & pdf

to be continued

sudo apt install ghostscript imagemagick xpdf-utils

add to LocalSettings.php:

$wgPdfProcessor = '/usr/bin/gs';
$wgPdfPostProcessor = $wgImageMagickConvertCommand; // if defined via ImageMagick
// $wgPdfPostProcessor = '/usr/bin/convert';  // if not defined via ImageMagick
$wgPdfInfo = '/usr/bin/pdfinfo';
$wgPdftoText = '/usr/bin/pdftotext';
 
 
$wgFileExtensions[] = 'pdf';

Now upload a pdf file and it should appear in the file brower.

Try putting it in a page with the <gallery> funtion

<gallery>
File:Blog.pdf|page=1
</gallery>

Page Info

— John Pumford-Green 29/06/22 15:15

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

mediawiki

Pinouts

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Apr 2024 20:33:46 +0000

←Archive

Pinouts

Ethernet RJ45 B

The normal straight cable is a 568B

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
O/W	O	G/W	B	B/W	G	Bn/W	Bn

Ethernet X-over A-B

for use without a switch/hub and where the device cannot do automatic cross-over itself.

Raspberry Pi GPIO

PyBoard

Page Info

Page created Thu May 26 10:39:13 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/04/24 21:33 BST

network

Pure Blog

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 03 Mar 2026 07:32:20 +0000

←Archive

Pure Blog

I've installed Pure Blog

After trying the Blog Plugin in dokuwiki and Chyrp-Lite PHP/SQLite blogging platform I switched to Pure Blog.

It's just what I need, and nothing extra to make it big and bloated.

Installation & Configuration

See https://g4slv.info/installing-pure-blog for some info.

Webfonts used

CSS

.tag-cloud a {
   margin: 0 0.5rem;
   line-height: 2rem;
 
}
 
.archive li {
  line-height: 1.5rem;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  list-style-type: none;
}
 
body {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.25rem;
}
 
main {
  max-width: 50rem;
}
 
article {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
 
p.post-archive-view {
  font-size : 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.1rem;
}
main h1 {
  font-size: 2.8rem;
}
 
header, footer{
  font-family: "atkinson_next", sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}
 
footer {
  margin-top: 3rem;
}
 
main h1, main h2, main h3, main h4, main h5, main h6 {
  margin-left: -1rem;
  font-family: "atkinson_next", sans-serif;
}
 
.tag-list {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-top: 2rem;
}
 
.post-nav {
  margin-top : 0;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_next';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleNext-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: normal;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_next';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleNext-Bold.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: bold;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_next';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleNext-RegularItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: normal;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_next';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleNext-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: bold;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_mono';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleMono-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: normal;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_mono';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleMono-RegularItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: normal;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: italic;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_mono';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleMono-Bold.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: bold;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: normal;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: 'atkinson_mono';
  src: url('/content/fonts/AtkinsonHyperlegibleMono-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
       font-weight: bold;
       font-display: swap;
       font-style: italic;
}
 
:root {
  --font-stack: "atkinson_mono", system-ui, monospace;
}
 
pre {
  font-family: "atkinson_mono", monospace;
}
 
code {
  font-family: "atkinson_mono", monospace;
}

Addons

Kev sent me 2 PHP scripts to provide a Tag-Cloud and a full site Archive page.

I tweaked them a bit, and here are my current versions.

tag-cloud.php

<?php
 
 
 
declare(strict_types=1);
 
 
 
$pageTitle = 'Tag Cloud';
 
$metaDescription = 'All tags, sized by how often they appear.';
 
 
 
$tagIndex = load_tag_index();
 
$tagCounts = [];
 
if ($tagIndex) {
 
    foreach ($tagIndex as $slug => $slugs) {
 
        $tagCounts[$slug] = count($slugs);
 
    }
 
}
 
 
 
// Collect original display names from posts (slugs alone lose capitalisation/spaces)
 
$originalNames = [];
 
foreach (get_all_posts(false) as $post) {
 
    foreach (($post['tags'] ?? []) as $tag) {
 
        $slug = normalize_tag($tag);
 
        if (!isset($originalNames[$slug])) {
 
            $originalNames[$slug] = $tag;
 
        }
 
    }
 
}
 
 
 
// Sort alphabetically by display name
 
uksort($tagCounts, function (string $a, string $b) use ($originalNames): int {
 
    return strcasecmp($originalNames[$a] ?? $a, $originalNames[$b] ?? $b);
 
});
 
 
 
$maxCount = $tagCounts ? max($tagCounts) : 1;
 
$minCount = $tagCounts ? min($tagCounts) : 1;
 
$range    = $maxCount > $minCount ? $maxCount - $minCount : 1;
 
 
 
require PUREBLOG_BASE_PATH . '/includes/header.php';
 
render_masthead_layout($config, ['page' => null]);
 
?>
 
<main>
 
    <h1>Tag Cloud</h1>
 
 
 
    <?php if (empty($tagCounts)): ?>
 
        <p>No tags found.</p>
 
    <?php else: ?>
 
        <p class="tag-cloud">
 
            <?php foreach ($tagCounts as $slug => $count):
 
                $name     = $originalNames[$slug] ?? $slug;
 
                $ratio    = ($count - $minCount) / $range;
 
                $fontSize = round(0.85 + $ratio * 1.4, 2);
 
                $postWord = $count === 1 ? 'post' : 'posts';
 
                echo '<a href="/tag/' . e(rawurlencode($slug)) . '"'
 
                   . ' style="font-size: ' . $fontSize . 'em"'
 
                   . ' title="' . e((string) $count) . ' ' . $postWord . '">'
 
                   . e($name) .  '(' .  e((string) $count) . ')' .  '</a>' . '&emsp;&emsp;';
 
            endforeach; ?>
 
        </p>
 
    <?php endif; ?>
 
</main>
 
<?php render_footer_layout($config, ['page' => null]); ?>
 
</body>
 
</html>

archive.php

<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
 
$allPosts = get_all_posts(false);
$postsByYear = [];
 
foreach ($allPosts as $entry) {
    $year = !empty($entry['date']) ? date('Y', strtotime((string) $entry['date'])) : 'Unknown';
    $postsByYear[$year][] = $entry;
}
 
krsort($postsByYear, SORT_NATURAL);
 
$pageTitle = 'Archive';
$metaDescription = 'Browse all published posts by year.';
?>
<?php require PUREBLOG_BASE_PATH . '/includes/header.php'; ?>
<?php render_masthead_layout($config); ?>
<main class=archive>
    <article>
        <h1>Archive</h1>
        <p><?= e((string) count($allPosts)) ?> published posts.</p>
 
        <?php if (!$allPosts): ?>
            <p>No published posts yet.</p>
        <?php else: ?>
            <?php foreach ($postsByYear as $year => $yearPosts): ?>
                <h3><?= e((string) $year) ?> (<?= e((string) count($yearPosts)) ?>)</h3>
                <ul>
                    <?php foreach ($yearPosts as $postItem): ?>
                        <li>
                            <?php if (!empty($postItem['date'])): ?>
                              <!--  <small> -->
                                    <time datetime="<?= e((string) $postItem['date']) ?>">
                                        <?= e(date('D Y-m-d H:i', strtotime((string) $postItem['date']))) ?>
                                    </time>
			   <!--     </small> -->
				&emsp;
                            <?php endif; ?>
                            <a href="/<?= e((string) ($postItem['slug'] ?? '')) ?>">
                                <?= e((string) ($postItem['title'] ?? 'Untitled')) ?>
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    <?php endforeach; ?>
                </ul>
            <?php endforeach; ?>
        <?php endif; ?>
    </article>
</main>
<?php render_footer_layout($config); ?>
</body>
</html>

Further Information

pure, blog

Page created : 02/03/26 08:50 GMT

Page updated : 03/03/26 07:32 GMT

R Pi Image files

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Archive

R Pi Image files

Various tips and tricks for working with Raspberry Pi Disk Images

Taking an image

remove SD card from Pi
insert into PC
unmount the image partitions if they get auto-mounted

take the image using dd

sudo dd if=/dev/mmblahblah of=name_of_image.img bs=4M

wait….. and wait….
this can now be either
1. saved as it is (possibly a big file)
2. compressed with gzip
```
gzip name_of_image.img
```
an alternative is to make sure the image is as small as it needs to be, appropriate to the space actually needed by the installed OS.

Using ''losetup'' to work with the image file

The image can be used as a loop device and then mounted as a normal disk to allow access to the files etc.

To access the image as a loop device you let losetup find the partitions automatically and convert them to to loop partitions loop0p1 (the /boot partition) and loop0p2 the root partition. You can then mount whichever one you need.

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo losetup -Pf igate.img
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ lsblk
NAME      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0       7:0    0   4.3G  0 loop
├─loop0p1 259:0    0   256M  0 part
└─loop0p2 259:1    0     4G  0 part
sda         8:0    0 298.1G  0 disk
├─sda1      8:1    0 235.1G  0 part /
├─sda2      8:2    0     1K  0 part
├─sda3      8:3    0  50.9G  0 part
└─sda5      8:5    0  12.1G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo mount /dev/loop0p2 /mnt
gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ cd /mnt
gm4slv@laptop:/mnt $ ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  share  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
gm4slv@laptop:/mnt $ cd etc/
gm4slv@laptop:/mnt/etc $ cat hostname
igate
gm4slv@laptop:/mnt/etc $

This allows you to change files (one example is to set a fixed IP address in /etc/dhcpcd.conf) as required.

Shrinking the image

If the OS had been expanded after install to fill the whole SD Card space there is now a lot of pointless wasted space in the image that

takes up disk space to store
makes copying to a new SD card slow
makes it impossible to copy to a smaller card

The image can be shrunk to a more appropriate size.

The gist of it is here

unmount the loop device:
```
sudo umount /mnt
```
use gparted (need to be at a machine with a graphical session) to shrink the partition to a more suitable size, leaving some room for safety
dispose of the loop device
```
sudo losetup -d loop0
```
The *.img file is still the same size, but the partitions within the file are smaller, the rest of the space needs to be stripped from the *.img file with truncate
Use fdisk to inspect the image file to see where the partitions start and end

gm4slv@laptop:~/piimg $ sudo fdisk -l igate.img
Disk igate.img: 4.25 GiB, 4563402752 bytes, 8912896 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x38ea48c4
 
Device     Boot  Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
igate.img1        8192  532479  524288  256M  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
igate.img2      532480 8912895 8380416    4G 83 Linux

The second partition ends at block 8912895 so you shrink the filesystem to this point (plus one). This requires the calculation of the actual number of bytes, based on the block size of 512 bytes.
Either calculate it yourself, or put the calculation in the command:
- ```
 sudo truncate --size=$[(8912895+1)*512] name_of_image.img
```

Voila, a smaller image on file which uses just enough space for the already known to be working OS

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

linux, pi

VPS Notes

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 07:20:09 +0000

←Archive

VPS Notes

GM4SLV.ORG.UK VPS : New VPS created 6^th March 2025

To separate my personal wiki site from yaddnet.org server
Wiki backed-up and moved from yaddnet.org to new gm4slv.org.uk VPS
SSL Certificate replaced to enable HTTPS

New VPS : March 2025

New VPS 1 obtained at Fasthosts

Type:Virtual Machine
Size:vps 1 2 60
Cpu:1 vCore
RAM:2 GB
Disk:60 GB NVMe SSD

Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS
Release:        24.04
Codename:       noble

Installed PHP and Apache2

gm4slv@gm4slv:~ $ php --version
PHP 8.3.6 (cli) (built: Dec  2 2024 12:36:18) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.3.6, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v8.3.6, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies

configured SSL per previous method SSL Install on VPS
changed SSH port from default 22 to a new port, changed VPS firewall to suit new SSH port
Ubunto OS brought up to date: sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get upgrade and sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Dokuwiki Security

previous installations used .htaccess to prevent web access to data/conf/lib/bin etc. directories
this time I decided not to use .htaccess but to follow the alternative instructions in https://www.dokuwiki.org/security to use LocationMatch

LocationMatch method

Apache is told which directories (data, conf, bin, inc, vendor) to make private. The downside is that this configuration might need altering if new directories are added during dokuwiki upgrades.

add to /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

<LocationMatch "/(data|conf|bin|inc|vendor)/">
    Order allow,deny
    Deny from all
    Satisfy All
</LocationMatch>

sudo service apache2 restart

.htaccess method

the secured directories in dokuwiki have suitable .htaccess files already. Apache needs to betold to allow them to alter behaviour

AllowOverride All

add to /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

         <Directory /var/www/html>
                Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
                AllowOverride All
                Order allow,deny
                allow from all
        </Directory>

sudo service apache2 restart

SSH Security

Configured sshd to disallow password-logins and only accept public-key authentication
- be careful to check the files in /etc/ssh/sshd_conf.d for hidden config options!
uploaded public keys from
- Puttygen for putty on laptop
- ConnectBot app on phone
saved both in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
now only logins with a valid public key will succeed.
- In the event of a loss of the public keys it's still possible to gain access via Fasthosts account dashboard
  - → then reconfigure sshd to accept password logins again until new keys can be uploaded.

06/04/25 : Renew SSL certificate

Same procedure as before
- Download “Certificate” → signed.crt
- Download “Intermediate Certificate” → ca.pem
- Upload via WinSCP to VPS
- Copy old /usr/local/ssl/signed.crt → signed.crt.old
- Copy old /usr/local/ssl/ca.pem → ca.pem.old
- Copy new files into /usr/local/ssl
- Restart Apache
There were 2 “Intermediate Certificate” for download from Fast Hosts…
- I used the one named 7D5B5126B476BA11DB74160BBC530DA7.cer
- This is the same as the one used when I renewed YaddNet.org SSL yaddnet_ssl_renewal
- It seems that the intermediate certificate is not unique to the domain being secured, it's a certificate that verifies the identity of the authenticator of the domain's SSL certificate.

UPDATE ON TWO INTERMEDIATE CERTIFICATES 05/07/25

I've discovered that the 2 Intermediate Certificates are necessary to complete the chain of authority.

What should be done is to join them together into one ca.pem file (and in the correct order…. )

[root@wiki:/home/g4slv/ssl]# cat 397A66CC2756362E0DAA87CA6EABE3B1.cer 00D27FBBC1DE359E5216AD6149586099C4.cer > ca.pem
 
[root@wiki:/home/g4slv/ssl]# cp ca.pem /usr/local/ssl
 
[root@wiki:/home/g4slv/ssl]# systemctl restart apache2

Check correct SSL operation at https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html

Old information below is for historical information

GM4SLV.ORG.UK VPS : CANCELLED AND DELETED 9^th October 2024

Wiki functionality easily provided by yaddnet.org VPS
wiki pages & data transferred to yaddnet.org
Fasthosts deleted VPS following telephone confirmation
- deletion/cancellation not possible via Control Panel
- telephone call-back needed to confirm

OS      : Debian 10 (Buster)
RAM     : 0.5GB
Network : 400MB 
SSD     : 10GB

IP Address : 213.171.209.127
Hostname   : gm4slv.org.uk
Open Ports : ssh, http, https

Domain Name  : gm4slv.org.uk
Renewal date : 3/4/2024

Access via FastHosts

browse to https://admin.fasthosts.co.uk/Servers/VPS/1116040162 and login with credentials

Installing SSL for HTTPS

Create Certificates

First : obtain SSL Certificates

Configure APACHE

Second : configure Apache to use HTTPS

copy self generated gm4slv.org.uk.key from the “openssl” command to /usr/local/ssl/
copy the *crt for the newly obtained signed *.crt file renamed as signed.crt to /usr/local/ssl
copy the “intermediate” file to /usr/local/ssl/ (renamed as ca.pem)
edit apache config… looks like /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf
- SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/ssl/signed.crt
- SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/ssl/gm4slv.org.uk.key
- SSLCertificateChainFile /usr/local/ssl/ca.pem
make symlink sites-enabled/default-ssl.conf pointing to sites-available/default-ssl.conf
a2enmod ssl
restart apache2
will it be listening on port 443? yes
open firewall port 443 on Fasthost control panel
Can I reach it with https://gm4slv.org.uk? yes
Can I still reach it with http://gm4slv.org.uk? yes
force redirect of plain HTTP: to HTTPS:
add to 000-default.conf:

        ServerName gm4slv.org.uk
        ServerAlias www.gm4slv.org.uk
        Redirect permanent / https://gm4slv.org.uk/

taken from https://linuxize.com/post/redirect-http-to-https-in-apache/
restart apache2
verify SSL access ok - yes
verify non-SSL is redirected to SSL - yes

Confirm proper security

Browse to https://gm4slv.org.uk

20/04/23 Renew SSL Certificate

new Signed and CA (intermediate) certificates obtained and installed in /usr/local/ssl

Hardware Upgrade 20/4/23

Original configuration VPS XS : 500MB RAM and 10GB SSD @ £1 per month (plus VAT)
Upgrade to VPS S : 1GB RAM and 20GB SSD @ £3 per month (plus VAT)
VPS rebooted for upgrade
RAM seems to have increased to 1GB but reported 'df -h' still shows 7.5GB total for / and 1.9GB for Swap. This is only 10GB.
Perhaps more time is needed for VM to catch up and expand the Virtual Hard Drive?
Gotcha…. the Virtual Drive was increased to 20GB, but not the partition or the filesystem… the only way to get a full 20GB was to “rebuild” the VPS….
took a backup of the dokuwiki files (rsync mirrored them to shack PC). Hit “Rebuild” and built a new VPS. Applied for replacement SSL keys (had to make a new CSR/KEY first)…
Used rsync to send back the dokuwiki files (from the shack PC mirror)
set up Apache2 to use the new SSL certificates…
VPS is now rebuilt and all wiki files restored & Apache2 uses HTTPS.

Debian Upgrade 15/2/24

Upgraded from Buster (10) → Bullseye (11)
Upgraded Dokuwiki (this needed PHP7.4 from Buster, which is why the Debian upgrade was necessary) to the newest version (Release 2024-02-06a “Kaos”)
Upgraded from Bullseye (11) → Bookwork (12) - might as well get to STABLE

Debian Upgrade 16/2/24

Upgraded to Trixie (testing)

gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description:    Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid
Release:        n/a
Codename:       trixie

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
 
 
#deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
#deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
 
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

Dokuwiki still working correctly with latest versions of Apache and PHP

gm4slv@gm4slv:~$ php --version
PHP 8.2.12 (cli) (built: Jan  8 2024 06:21:20) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.2.12, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v8.2.12, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies

2024 gm4slv.org.uk domain renewed

03/04/24 Domain Name auto-renewed for 2 years until April 2026
04/04/24 SSL Certificate auto-renewed for 1 year until May 2025

04/04/24 : Install Renewed SSL Certificate

SSL Certificates Auto Renewed by Fasthosts
download new certificates from Fasthosts control panel:
- New “Certificate” downloaded and renamed “signed.crt”
- New “Intermediate Certificate” downloaded and renamed “ca.pem”
copied both → VPS $HOME dir via SCP
On VPS →
- copied current /usr/local/ssl/ca.pem → ca_old.pem
- copied current /usr/local/ssl/signed.crt → signed_old.crt
- copied new ca.pem from $HOME to /usr/local/ssl/ca.pem
- copied new signed.crt from $HOME to /usr/local/ssl/signed.crt
- restarted apache sudo service apache2 restart
check new valid certificate now in use in web browser
- Validity Issued on & Expires on dates now show new certificate is in use

Page Updated : 04/06/26 08:20 BST

vps, linux, ssl

Land Rover Refurb May 2017

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:23:43 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Refurb May 2017

Faults:

Exhaust
- Middle section
- End section
Front propshaft rear-most UJ
Handbrake tension
Rear o/s mud flap
Door Hinge : passenger lower pin sheared
Engine service : Oil & filter change
Lubrication of locks etc.
Wipers : both front wipers u/s. Motor running constantly.
Passenger door lock and window regulator
Sunroof seal
Chassis etc. waxoyl / rust treatment
Front bumper rust/ paint

Parts Ordered:

18/5/17 : ~~Paddock : Exhast Middle & End sections and Filter Service Kit~~
18/5/17 : ~~Shop4AutoParts : 2 x Heavy Duty Hardy Spicer UJs~~
19/5/17 : ~~LRDirect : 2 x Wiper Wheel Box, Wiper cable rack, Door hinge captive nuts, Door hinge bolts Parts~~

Parts Arrived

HD Propshaft UJs : 23/5/17
Filter Service Kit : 25/5/17
Wiper parts & Hinge nuts/bolts : 26/5/17
- wrong drive cable, wrong bolts
- wiper wheel boxes ok!
Exhaust : 26/5/17

Initial Work Plan

~~Oil and filter change~~
~~Handbrake tension adjust~~
~~Lubricate locks etc.~~
~~Fit Exhaust - done 27/5/17~~
~~Remove front propshaft~~
~~remove UJs from previous front propshaft~~
~~Install new Hardy Spicer UJs into front propshaft.~~
~~Refit front propshaft~~
Remove failed UJs from remaining front and rear propshafts and leave good ones in place. These propshafts to be cleaned and stored for future refurb as emergency spares
~~Remove dash/facia and remove old wiper wheelboxes / drive rack cable.~~
~~Fit new wiper wheelboxes and drive rack cable.~~
~~Replace dash facia~~
~~Replace rear o/s mudflap or remove all mudflaps - front are already missing~~

Tools and other items needed

Circlip pliers
Large G-cramp
Hammer
Engine Oil
Coolant
Waxoyl spray for bulkhead
silicone sealant
Goggles
Penetrating Fluid & WD40 & 3-in-1
Rust Treatment
Primer / Paint for bulkhead @ Hinges
Drills : 3/6/9mm
Black (hammerite?) paint for bumper and rear x-member
Nylon nut/bolts for front number plate
double sided foam tape for rear number plate
Jizer / Gunk for engine bay degreasing
Oil can for lubricating locks, hinges etc etc

Work complete 28/5/17

Exhaust (middle & rear) removed
New middle & rear fitted. Front (downpipe) is still in good condition
Front propshaft removed.
Previously removed (spare) front propshaft stripped of old UJs and new HD UJs fitted.
Front propshaft replaced
Oil, oil filter, air filter, fuel filter changed (169,000 miles)
Passenger door lock un-seized (door card removed) and opened
Wiper motor, drive rack and wheel boxes removed.
unsure if wiper motor crank is okay - replace just in case
New wiper wheel boxes fitted.
Handbrake adjusted
Passenger door window regulator faulty. New one needed.
steering u/js oiled & greased
door mechanisms oiled & greased

New drive rack DLE000010 is too short. Wrong type.

Parts ordered 29/5/17

Paddock

Wiper motor crank gear
Wiper drive cable RTC202
Front washer jet
Stainless steel bolt kit for front door hinges
Window regulator LH
Headlamps (wipac halogen)

Parts ordered 1/6/17

LRDirect

driver door checklink : genuine L/R
driver door channel : genuine L/R

Parts arrived

Door bolt kit 5/6/17
Window Regulator 5/6/17
Washer jet 5/6/17
Wiper crank arm 5/6/17
Wiper drive cable 5/6/17
Headlamps 5/6/17
driver door checklink : genuine L/R 12/6/17
driver door channel : genuine L/R 12/6/17

Work completed 4/6/17

Door hinges removed from bulkhead and j-nuts retreived.
Waxoyl sprayed into door pillars
Check-link channels removed to give extra access to pillars for waxoyl. Drivers channel will be replaced with new.
Bumper : red-oxide and hammerite black spray paint
Mud flap brackets (x4) removed
Rear door spare wheel carrier removed. Plates put back, holes need covering.
Rear propshaft removed, greased and replaced
Coolant topped up

Work completed 6/6/17

Wiper drive cable installed
Wiper motor crank insalled
Wipers tested
Washer jet installed
Dash replaced
Drivers door hinges replaced & door hung
Passenger window regulator replaced
Passenger door hinges replaced & door hung
Body washed
Underside washed
Headlamps replaced

Parts ordered 8/6/17

SP 4×4

Premium rear door
Plain glass (fitted)
front door sill seals x 2

Parts ordered 24/6/17

Paddock

Rear door lock sealing gasket
Rear door lock circular seal
Service filter kit
Fan Belt (genuine LR)
2 x Window Waist strips
Exhaust Strap ESR266

Work still to complete

Pressure wash
Waxoyl underneath
fit new crank arm to wiper motor
fit new wiper drive cable
refit wiper motor and test wiper operation
fit new washer jet to front
replace dash/trim etc.
remove doors from hinges
fit new window regulator to passenger door while on floor (easier?)
remove door hinges from body and replace with new hinges & s/s bolts (copper grease bolts!)
- drill out heads if too tight/rusted. Can then remove captive nuts easily.
spray waxoyl into bulkhead openings while hinges are off
waxoyl door interiors (inc. rear)
remove rear door lining and spare wheel carrier
top up coolant
fit new headlamps and attempt to align
lubricate rear propshaft UJs
fit new channel/checklink to driver's door
wire brush bumper & paint black
remove carpet in rear / bulkhead
remove mudflap brackets
fit new number plate for rear - take V5 to JBs
refit front number plate to bumper
degrease engine bay
pressure wash engine bay
Fit new rear door
Fit front door sill seals (with pop rivets)
Fit window waist strips
Fit ESR266 bracket
Fit Rear Door lock seals
Fan belt slipping
Seal sunroof

Future work (Updated Oct 2019)

Driver's footwell corrosion! new footwell Dec 2018

Exhaust downpipe bracket : ESR266. Broken bracket removed 18/6/17 to stop annoying rattles.
Fit new LED lamps in dashboard Sept/Oct 2019

Check handbrake for shoes binding - judder
New rear door? Lock mouting plate very badly corroded, and spare wheel mount holes need covering. - ordered 8/6/17

source heated rear window switch (YUF101500) and fit
Drivers window seals - waist strip ordered 24/6/17

Fit new towbar Not doing
Headlight alignment Sept/Oct 2019
Driver door - rattle/vibration and refit card : fixings == MXC1800 and MWC3136 or DA1411 (old card @ LRT?) : leave without cards on both doors for ease of lubrication
Source new L/H front brake caliper RTC5573G (genuine AP @ Paddock £139) & replace both brake calipers O/S - Aug 2017 N/S - Dec 2018
Replace antenna mount for HF antenna 22/5/17
fit IC-M710
Fit CG3000 ATU and move antenna mount to side for whip
Spare wheel carrier? Not Doing
Remove transfers on doors/body prior to Sept/Oct 2019
Paint body with NATO Green military synthetic satin finish paint
Fit FM1100 for 4m & antenna Not Doing

RUNNING LOG OF REFURB COMPLETED AUG 2017 Outstanding Items transferred to new Land Rover Repairs And Mods

Page created Sun May 22 14:47:03 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 29/01/26 17:23 GMT

tags

landie

Land Rover Refurb 2019

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:23:12 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Refurb 2019

September/October 2019

Refurb Complete 29/10/19

pressure wash and waxoyl
wet service
LED bulbs in dash
remove headlining
insulate roof
remount tow ball
new front discs
new number plate light
disconnected alarm
new door light switches
new hazard light swith
LED interior lights
new front diff drive flange/seal
new transfer box front drive flange/seal
new rear o/s hub bearings
new rear drums and shoes
new wheels
new BFG T/A All Terrain tyres
fitted Jate rings to rear
new front Series-type two piece doors
patched 2 holes in front exhaust pipe
patched pin-hole in sump-pan
filled holes in bulkhead
lubricated rear step
repair poor earth for reversing light
paint NATO Green

For further work see Land Rover Repairs And Mods and Land Rover Data

Page created Sun May 22 14:45:22 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 29/01/26 17:23 GMT

landie

Land Rover Repairs And Mods

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Land Rover

Land Rover Repairs And Mods

Faults

21/10/19 Rattling (from dash area??)
21/10/19 Leak from top of doors / roof
21/10/19 Nearside Vent Flap Lever u/s (part number 346576 : £29.59 (Exc VAT) at LRParts )
02/11/19 Fog lamp not working.
27/11/19 Full-beam warning light on dash intermittent
03/12/19 MOT FAILURE : chassis holes & leak in front brake pipe

Additional work / mods

paint NATO Green
Replace front door seals - side/top & bottom
Fit second lifting handle (o/s/r)

Parts ordered 29/10/19

Door seals - LH & RH LRC1369 / Bottom x2 MWC6130.AM : LRParts £34.94 : Arrived 1/11/19

Work Completed

26/10/19 : painted with 2 coats grey primer
27/10/19 : painted with 2 coats NATO green
28/10/19 : painted with 3rd and final coat NATO green ~180800 miles
29/10/19 : V5 posted to DVLA to inform of colour change.
30/10/19 : repaired broken N/S vent flap lever.
30/10/19 : swapped 8mm bolt for proper “clevis pin” (found inside dash) → driver's door checklink.
31/10/19 : corrected phase and orientation of front prop shaft. Sliding joint → transfer box and flanges 45° apart
02/11/19 : fitted door seals and adjusted driver's door hanging
03/11/19 : fitted 2nd lifting handle
14/11/19 : adjusted rear o/s hub bearing after settling in period (slight play)

Page created Sun May 22 14:46:11 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

landie

Land Rover

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Miscellany

Land Rover

Update : April 2025

It's gone….. I decided I'd probably never be able to do the necessary work to get it back on the road and so, reluctantly, I've sold it.

Hopefully the new owner will get it fixed up and back into active service.

I have a Land Rover

It's a money pit and is off the road at the moment waiting for a new chassis and bulkhead. I love it, nevertheless.

The ongoing saga of owning a 200TDi Defender

Page created Sun May 22 14:41:54 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page Updated : 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

landie

COSC

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

COSC

History

COSC

Test definitions

15 day test regime

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Test	ID	Description	Limit
Mean Daily Rate M(1→10)	M	average of M1 → M10	-4/+6
Mean Variation	V	average of V1 → V5	2
Greatest Variation	V_max	Largest of V1 → V5	5
Difference V → H	D	Average(M1→M2) - Average(M9→M10)	-6 / +8
Largest Variation from mean	P	Largest Value difference between any individual M and average of M(1→10)	10
Thermal Variation	C	(M13 - M11) / (38 - 8)	±0.6
Rate Resumption	R	M15 - Ave(M1→M2)	±5

pseudo Tests with Timegrapher

Ignoring Temperature Variations.

Make 2 measurements on Timegrapher in each position, separated by 24 hours and record them in table:

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15

Some results

Archimede Deck watch (a 10 day test, not a timegrapher pseudo-test)

Day	Pos		Daily rate		Variance
1	6H	M1	+0.3
2		M2	+1.3	V1	1.0
3	3H	M3	-0.7
4		M4	-1.7	V2	1.0
5	9H	M5	+8.2
6		M6	+6.1	V3	2.1
7	Dd	M7	+11.0
8		M8	+10.9	V4	0.1
9	Du	M9	+9.9
10		M10	+9.5	V5	0.4
14	6H	M14	+2.5
15	6H	M15	+2.7

Test	Desc	Result	Pass/Fail	Limit
M	Mean Daily Rate	+5.5	Pass	-4 / +6
V	Mean Variation	0.9	Pass	2
V_max	Greatest Variation	2.1	Pass	5
D	Difference Vert → Horiz	-8.9	Fail	-6 / +8
P	Largest Difference from Mean	7.2	Pass	10
R	Rate resumption	1.9	Pass	-5 / +5

Page created Sun May 22 00:23:48 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, cosc

Rolex Info

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

Rolex Info

History

Interesting Current Models

Milgauss

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Dec 2017	116400GV		£6050
Oct 2018	116400GV		£6300
May 2019			£6300
Jan 2020			£6650
Sep 2021	116400GV		£6650
May 2022	116400GV	3131	£7350
Oct 2023	Has been discontinued

Explorer I

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Oct 2018	214270 39mm		£5000
May 2019			£5000
Jan 2020			£5200
Sep 2021	124270 36mm		£5150
May 2022	124270 36mm	3230	£5700
Oct 2023	124270 36mm	3230	£6100
Feb 2025	124270 36mm	3230	£6400

GMT Master II

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Oct 2018	126710BLRO		£7150
Jan 2020			£7750
Sep 2021	126710BLNR		£7750
May 2022	126710BLNR	3285	£8400
Oct 2023	126710BLNR	3285	£9150
Feb 2025	126710BLNR	3285	£9450

Submariner

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
Oct 2018	116610LN		£6650
May 2019			£6650
Jan 2020			£7150
Nov 2020	126610LV		£7650
Sep 2021			£7300
May 2022	126610LN	3235	£8050
Oct 2023	126610LN	3235	£8650
Feb 2025	126610LN	3235	£9100

Air King

Date	Model Reference	Calibre	List Price
May 2022	126900	3230	£5900
Oct 2023	126900	3230	£6250
Feb 2025	126900	3230	£6600

Vintage Model Prices

Rolex Website

https://www.rolex.com/watches.html

Page created Sun May 22 00:24:48 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, rolex

Watchwinder

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

Watchwinder

Home Brew Winder

I built a simple watch-winder to keep automatic watches fully wound when not being worn. Mainly as a small project to play with a pyBoard and a servo motor.

A short piece of microPython makes the servo turn, first one direction, then then other, then a pause, at a speed that makes sure a watch is fully wound overnight. The speed depends on the required number of turns to achieve full-wind, which depends on the watch movement, and whether the movement winds in one or other, or both, rotational directions.

The watch is placed in a plastic box attached to the servo motor and the motor is simple clamped in a panavise, with the axis of the servo at about 45°

Photos

pyBoard Quick Reference

[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2025-03-09]~~add some photos~~

Python Code

microPython code for Pyboard to control continuous rotation servo.

# main.py -- put your code here!
 
 
import pyb
 
servo1 = pyb.Servo(1)
 
# LED colours
# red flash = motor stopped
# green on = manual stop for 120 seconds
# yellow on/flash = motor running
# blue flash = 5 seconds before a change of state
 
ledr = pyb.LED(1) 
ledg = pyb.LED(2)
ledy = pyb.LED(3)
ledb = pyb.LED(4) 
 
# servo speeds to achieve approx 6 rpm in either direction.
ccw = 14
cw = -7
stop = 0
 
 
# 12 minute cycle :
# observed turns complete per stage:
# 2 min CW = ~11 turns
# 4 min stop
# 2 min CCW = ~ 12 turns
# 4 min stop
# 23 turns / 12 min = 115 turns / hour
# ETA 2836-2 requires 650 turns / day for full winding 
# this would take 5.6 hours on winder per day to guarantee full wind.
 
period = 120 # seconds
 
# turn LEDs off (unneccesary?)
ledr.off()
ledg.off() 
ledy.off()
ledb.off()
 
# interrupt function to allow changing/removing watch
def stop_servo():
 
	# red LED on at start of interruption
	ledr.on()
	ledy.off()
 
	# turn off any flashing LEDs during interruption
	tim4.callback(None)
 
	# flash blue LED to signal stop imminent
	flash_blue()
 
	# stop servo
	servo1.speed(0)
 
	# red LED off and green LED on to indicate "safe to proceed"
	ledr.off()
	ledg.on()
 
	# pause for 2 minute
	pyb.delay(120 * 1000)
 
	# flash blue LED to signal re-start imminent
	flash_blue()
 
	# green LED off to indicate end of interruption.
	ledg.off()
 
	pyb.hard_reset()
 
	# after resumption from interrupt the next stage will usually be a 
	# "stop" period, assuming the interrupt occurred during a "run" period
	# perhaps need to look at the best way of resuming? or even quit()
	# at the end of the stop_servo() interrupt and then manually reset via the 
	# RST button?
 
	# main programme resumes where it left off....
	return
 
def cycle_led():
 
	ledb.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledy.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledg.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledr.on()
	pyb.delay(500)
	ledb.off()
	ledy.off()
	ledg.off()
	ledr.off()
 
	return
 
def flash_blue():
 
	t = 0
	while t < 10:
 
		ledb.toggle()
		pyb.delay(500)
		t += 1
	return
 
def rotate_cw(p):
 
	# solid yellow LED when going CW
	ledy.on()
	servo1.speed(cw, 1000)
	pyb.delay(p * 1000)
	flash_blue()
	ledy.off()
 
	return
 
 
def rotate_ccw(p):
 
	# flash yellow LED when going CCW
	tim4.callback(lambda t: ledy.toggle())
	servo1.speed(ccw, 1000)
	pyb.delay(p * 1000)
	flash_blue()
	tim4.callback(None)
	ledy.off()
 
 
	return
 
 
def pause(p):
 
	# flash red LED during motor pause period
	tim4.callback(lambda t: ledr.toggle())
	servo1.speed(stop, 1000)
	pyb.delay(p * 1000)
	flash_blue()
	tim4.callback(None)
	ledr.off()
 
	return
 
 
# USR on-board switch used to pause running to allow
# watch to be removed / changed
sw = pyb.Switch()
 
# callback to run the function that pauses the operation
sw.callback(stop_servo)
 
#timer to flash LEDs
tim4 = pyb.Timer(4, freq=2)
 
cycle_led()
 
# the main loop
while True:
 
		rotate_cw(period)
 
		pause(2 * period)
 
		rotate_ccw(period)
 
		pause(2 * period)

Page Info

Page created Sun May 22 00:52:45 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, python

AOR AR7030

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

AOR AR7030

1. Faults/repairs/mods

July 2022 - Volume encoder u/s
- Bourns ECW1J-B24-AC0024L available at Farnell at £3.80
- Ordered 4 off 16/7/22
- Replaced vol encoder : July 2022
July 2022 - VFO Tuning encoder u/s
- Only changed freq. over a small portion of a revolution
- Using remote control via LAN to operate until a new encoder is sourced

2. Filters

Currently fitted:

Before change (below)

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Narrow	CKK455J	3.9
X4	AM Normal #	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB #	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM #	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	AM Wide #	CFW455HT	6.4
X8	CW Collins	MF300	0.5

# = factory supplied

Standard Fitting

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Wide	CFW455HT	6.4
X4	AM Normal	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	Option 1
X8	Option 2

Available to fit:

CW / Data / SSB narrow : CFJ455K8 : 1.4

July 2022

Removed un-needed AM-Wide 6.4kHz from X7 and installed 1.4kHz “CW/Data/SSB Narrow”?

This gives :

PCB ref	Description	Model	Bandwidth
X3	AM Narrow	CKK455J	3.9
X4	AM Normal #	CFW455IT	5.6
X5	SSB #	CFJ455K14	2.1
X6	FM #	CFU455G2	9.5
X7	Data	CFJ455K8	1.4
X8	CW Collins	MF300	0.5

# = factory supplied

In order of Bandwidth

1 : 0.5 CW
2 : 1.4 CW/Data
3 : 2.1 SSB
4 : 3.9 AM-Narrow
5 : 5.5 AM-Normal
6 : 9.5 FM

3. Remote Control

The Python module used in netradio for accessing AR7030.

Generic aor.py

aor.py

import serial
import threading
 
 
#sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sport = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
sbaud = 1200
 
lock = threading.Lock()
fract = float(2 ** 24) / 44545
 
 
class Ar7030(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=10)
        self.model = model
 
 
    def check_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        if result:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
    def set_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = ord(byte) | mask
        return result
 
    def clear_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = ~(1 << bit)
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        return result
 
    def get_ident(self):
        sendStr = '\x5f' + '\x40'
        ident = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
        return ident
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        p = self.check_bit(byte, 4)
        if p:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
        return
 
 
    def pre_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte :
        # bit0 = filter FS3
        # bit1 = filter FS2
        # bit2 = filter FS1
        # bit3 = filter FS4
        # bit4 = preamp enabled
        # bit5 = atten 0 = 20dB / 1 = 40dB
        # bit6 = input filter 0 = HF / 1 = LF
        # bit7 = attenuator enabled
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 ON = preamp ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 4)
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 OFF = preamp OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 4)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        a = self.check_bit(byte, 7)
 
        if a:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
 
    def att_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 ON = ATT ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def att_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 OFF = att OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fval = freq * fract
        #print fval
        b1 = 48 + int(fval / 1048576)
        fval = fval % 1048576
        b2 = 96 + int(fval / 65536)
        fval = fval % 65536
        b3 = 48 + int(fval / 4096)
        fval = fval % 4096
        b4 = 96 + int(fval / 256)
        fval = fval % 256
        b5 = 48 + int(fval / 16)
        b6 = 96 + int(fval % 16)
 
        f_tuple = ( b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 )
 
        freqStr = ""
        for byte in f_tuple:
            freqStr += chr(byte)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a' + freqStr + '\x24' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Freq Set"
 
    def get_freq(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a'
 
        freqStr = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 3)
 
        f_val = 0
        for k in freqStr:
            f_val = f_val * 256 + ord(k)
 
        return "%.3f" % round(float(f_val / fract),2 )
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x66"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x67"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x61"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x65"
        elif mode == "data":
            set_mode_val = "\x64"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x63"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x62"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4d' + set_mode_val + '\x22' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Mode sent"
 
    def get_mode(self):
 
        sendStr = "\x50" + "\x31" + "\x4d"
        m = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        mode = ""
        if m == "\x01":
            mode = "am"
        elif m == "\x02":
            mode = "s-am"
        elif m == "\x03":
            mode = "fm"
        elif m == "\x04":
            mode = "data"
        elif m == "\x05":
            mode = "cw"
        elif m == "\x06":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif m == "\x07":
            mode = "usb"
 
        return mode.upper()
 
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = '\x2e'
        sraw = self.tx_rx(sendStr, True, 0)
 
        return ord(sraw)
 
    def get_cal(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x52' + '\x3f' + '\x44' + '\x11'
        #print "sending getcal"
        cbytes = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
 
        cal = []
 
        for c in cbytes:
            cal.append(ord(c))
 
        return cal
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.get_cal()
 
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
 
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr, reply, n):
        # apply thread lock
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
 
        if reply:  # for reading S-meter
            result = ""
            while not result:
                result = self.ser.read(1)
            lock.release()
            return result
        else:
 
            result = ""
            byte = ""
            while n != 0:
                self.ser.write('\x71')
                #byte = ""
 
                while not byte:
                    byte = self.ser.read(1)
 
                result += byte
 
                byte = ""
                n -= 1
            lock.release()
            return result

Update July 2022

I've modified the server/client code to create a single-radio AR7030 control program that gives access to IF filter, and reads s-meter etc.

New (July 2022) version of Tkinter GUI with S-Meter graph and IF filter Selection

gui_smeter.py

# # new class-based gui
 
from Tkinter import *
import socket
import threading
import time
 
 
 
class Network(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.sock = self.make_con()
 
    def make_con(self):
        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.sock.connect(("192.168.21.107", 9999))
        return self.sock
 
    def connect(self, data):
        try:
            lock.acquire()
            self.sock.sendall(data + "\n")
            self.received = self.sock.recv(2048)
        finally:
            lock.release()
            return self.received
 
class Dash(object):
    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
 
        self.s = (n1.sock.getsockname())
        self.p = (n1.sock.getpeername())
 
 
 
        dash_frame = Toplevel(master, borderwidth = 2, relief = GROOVE, bg = 'black')
        dash_frame.title("Server")
        dash_frame.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.handler)
        dash_frame.resizable(0, 0)
        dash_frame.geometry("300x150+10-10")
        dash_frame.grid()
 
        self.utc_time = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.utc_time, fg = 'green', bg = 'black').grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.s, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = W)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = " < --- > ", bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        Label(dash_frame, text = self.p, bg = 'black', fg = 'white').grid(row = 1, column = 2, sticky = E)
 
        self.server_msg_l = StringVar()
        Label(dash_frame, textvariable = self.server_msg_l, fg = 'yellow', bg = 'black').grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = W)
 
        q_button = Button(dash_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
    def handler(self):
        pass
 
    def up_dash(self):
        self.server_msg = n1.connect("ident")
        self.server_msg_l.set(self.server_msg)
        self.utc_time.set(time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M", time.gmtime(time.time())))
        return
 
class nRadio(object):
    def __init__(self, master, radio):
        self.master = master
 
        self.radio = radio
        self.num = "".join(("r", self.radio))
 
 
        radio_frame = Frame(master, borderwidth=2, relief=GROOVE)
 
        radio_frame.grid()
        self.smeter_list = []
 
        filter_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        filter_frame.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=3)
 
        mode_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        mode_frame.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=3, rowspan=2)
 
        control_frame = Frame(radio_frame)
        control_frame.grid(row=5, column=4, columnspan=3)
 
        q_button = Checkbutton(control_frame, text = "Quit", command = lambda: close())
        q_button.grid(row = 1, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        Label(radio_frame, text="Name", width=10).grid(row=0, column=0)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Freq/kHz", width=10).grid(row=0, column=1)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Mode", width=10).grid(row=0, column=2)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Signal/dBm", width=10).grid(row=0, column=3)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Max/dBm", width=10, fg='red').grid(row=0, column=4)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Ave/dBm", width=10, fg='green').grid(row=0, column=5)
        Label(radio_frame, text="Min/dBm", width=10, fg='blue').grid(row=0, column=6)
 
        self.name_l = StringVar()
        self.l_name = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.name_l, width=10)
        self.l_name.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
 
 
        self.freq_l = StringVar()
        self.l_freq = Label(radio_frame, fg='red', textvariable=self.freq_l, width=10)
        self.l_freq.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E)
 
        self.mode_l = StringVar()
        self.l_mode = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.mode_l, width=10)
        self.l_mode.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=E)
 
        self.filt_l = IntVar()
        self.r_filt_1 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=1, text="0.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_1.grid(row=5, column=2)
        self.r_filt_2 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=2, text="1.4", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_2.grid(row=5, column=3)
        self.r_filt_3 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=3, text="2.1", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_3.grid(row=5, column=4)
        self.r_filt_4 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=4, text="3.9", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_4.grid(row=6, column=2)
        self.r_filt_5 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=5, text="5.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_5.grid(row=6, column=3)
        self.r_filt_6 = Radiobutton(filter_frame, variable=self.filt_l, value=6, text="9.5", command = lambda: self.set_filt(self.num))
        self.r_filt_6.grid(row=6, column=4)
        #Label(filter_frame, text="Filter", width=10).grid(row=4, column=2, columnspan=3, sticky=NSEW)
 
        #self.l_filt = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.filt_l, width=10)
        #self.l_filt.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=E)
 
 
        #self.e_filt = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        #self.e_filt.grid(row=6, column=0)
        #self.e_filt.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_filt(self.num)))
 
 
        #self.e_mode = StringVar()
        self.b_mode_usb = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "USB",variable=self.mode_l, value="USB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("usb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_usb.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_lsb = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "LSB",variable=self.mode_l, value="LSB", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("lsb", self.num))
        self.b_mode_lsb.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_cw = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "CW",variable=self.mode_l, value="CW", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("cw", self.num))
        self.b_mode_cw.grid(row = 0, column = 2)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "AM",variable=self.mode_l,value = "AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 1, column = 1)
 
        self.b_mode_am = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "S-AM",variable=self.mode_l,value = "S-AM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("s-am", self.num))
        self.b_mode_am.grid(row = 1, column = 3)
 
        self.b_mode_data = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "Data",variable=self.mode_l, value="DATA", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("data", self.num))
        self.b_mode_data.grid(row = 1, column = 0)
 
        self.b_mode_fm = Radiobutton(mode_frame, text = "FM",variable=self.mode_l, value="FM", width = 4, command = lambda: self.set_mode("fm", self.num))
        self.b_mode_fm.grid(row = 1, column = 2)
 
        self.b_qsy_up = Button(radio_frame, text = "+1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_up( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_up.grid(row = 2, column = 2)
 
        self.b_qsy_down = Button(radio_frame, text = "-1kHz", width = 6, command = lambda: self.qsy_down( self.num))
        self.b_qsy_down.grid(row = 2, column = 0)
 
        self.b_update = Button(radio_frame, text = "Get", width = 6, command = lambda:self.get_all())
        #self.b_update.grid(row = 0, column = 3)
 
 
        self.smeter_l = StringVar()
        self.l_smeter = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.smeter_l, width=10)
        self.l_smeter.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=E)
 
        self.max_var = StringVar()
        self.l_max = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.max_var, width=10)
        self.l_max.grid(row=1, column=4)
 
        self.ave_var = StringVar()
        self.l_average = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.ave_var, width=10)
        self.l_average.grid(row=1, column=5)
 
        self.min_var = StringVar()
        self.l_min = Label(radio_frame, textvariable=self.min_var, width=10)
        self.l_min.grid(row=1, column=6)
 
        self.e_freq = Entry(radio_frame, width=10, bg = 'white', fg = 'black', insertbackground = 'blue')
        self.e_freq.grid(row=2, column=1)
        self.e_freq.focus()
        self.e_freq.bind('<Return>', (lambda event: self.set_freq(self.num)))
 
 
 
        self.pre = IntVar()
        self.cb_pre = Checkbutton(control_frame,text="Preamp", variable=self.pre, command=lambda: self.preamp_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_pre.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.l_pre = Label(control_frame, text="Preamp")
        #self.l_pre.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=E)
 
        self.att = IntVar()
        self.cb_att = Checkbutton(control_frame,text="Att", variable=self.att, command=lambda: self.att_onoff(self.num))
        self.cb_att.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
 
        self.l_att = Label(control_frame, text="Att")
        #self.l_att.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=E)
 
        self.set_log = IntVar()
        self.cb_log = Checkbutton(control_frame,text = "Log to file...", variable = self.set_log)
        self.cb_log.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = W)
 
        self.l_log = Label(control_frame, width = 10, text = "Log to file...")
        #self.l_log.grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = E)
 
        self.c1 = Canvas(radio_frame, width=260, height=100, bg='black')
        self.c1.grid(row=2, column=3, columnspan=4, rowspan=3)
 
        name = self.get_name(radio)
 
 
    def get_all(self):
 
 
        self.get_freq(self.num)
        self.get_mode(self.num)
        self.get_smeter(self.num)
        self.get_preamp(self.num)
        self.get_atten(self.num)
        self.graph_points()       
        self.avg()
        self.max()
        self.min()
        self.get_filt(self.num)
 
        if self.set_log.get() == 1:
            if int(time.time()) % 10.0 == 0:
                self.write_file()
        return
 
 
    def get_filt(self,radio):
        self.filt = n1.connect("getfil" + " " + radio)
        self.filt_l.set(self.filt)
        return
 
    def set_filt(self,radio):
        self.filt = str(self.filt_l.get())
        self.newfilt = n1.connect("setfil" + " " + self.filt + " " + radio)
        #self.e_filt.delete(0,END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
 
    def get_freq(self, radio):
 
        self.freq = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        self.freq_l.set(self.freq)
        return
 
    def set_freq(self, radio):
        self.freq = str(self.e_freq.get())
        self.newfreq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + self.freq + " " + radio)
        self.e_freq.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_up(self,radio):
 
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) + 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def qsy_down(self,radio):
        oldf = n1.connect("getfreq" + " " + radio)
        newf = str(float(oldf) - 1)
        freq = n1.connect("setfreq" + " " + newf + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_mode(self, radio):
        self.mode = n1.connect("getmode" + " " + radio)
        self.mode_l.set(self.mode)
        return
 
    def set_mode(self, mode, radio):
        #self.mode = str(self.e_mode.get())
        self.newmode = n1.connect("setmode" + " " + mode + " " + radio)
        #self.e_mode.delete(0, END)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def get_smeter(self, radio):
        self.smeter = n1.connect("getsmeter" + " " + radio)
        self.smeter_l.set(self.smeter)
        self.smeter_list.append(float(self.smeter))
        if len(self.smeter_list) > 129:
            self.smeter_list.pop(0)
        return
 
    def avg(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        total = 0
        for i in s:
            total += i
        self.av = round((total / len(s)), 1)
        self.ave_var.set(str(self.av))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.av + 123 + 5), fill="green")
        return self.av
 
    def min(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mn = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i < self.mn:
                self.mn = i
        self.min_var.set(str(self.mn))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mn + 123 + 5), fill="blue")
        return self.mn
 
    def max(self):
        s = self.smeter_list
        self.mx = s[0]
        for i in s:
            if i > self.mx:
                self.mx = i
        self.max_var.set(str(self.mx))
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (self.mx + 123 + 5), fill="red")
        return self.mx
 
    def get_preamp(self, radio):
        self.preamp = n1.connect("getpreamp" + " " + radio)
        if self.preamp == "1":
            self.cb_pre.select()
        elif self.preamp == "0":
            self.cb_pre.deselect()
        return
 
    def preamp_onoff(self, radio):
        self.prestate = self.pre.get()
        if self.prestate:
            n1.connect("preampon" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("preampoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
    def att_onoff(self, radio):
        self.attstate = self.att.get()
        if self.attstate:
            n1.connect("atton" + " " + radio)
        else:
            n1.connect("attoff" + " " + radio)
        self.get_all()
        return
 
 
    def get_atten(self, radio):
        self.atten = n1.connect("getatt" + " " + radio)
        if self.atten == "1":
            self.cb_att.select()
        elif self.atten == "0":
            self.cb_att.deselect()
        return
 
    def get_name(self, radio):
        print radio
        self.all_names = n1.connect("listradios")
        self.radios = self.all_names.split()
        print self.radios
        self.name = self.radios[int(radio) - 1]
        self.name_l.set(self.name)
        return
 
 
 
    def graph_points(self):
        seq = self.smeter_list
        y_stretch = 1
        y_gap = 5
        x_stretch = 0
        x_width = 2
        x_gap = 2
        height = 100
        self.c1.delete(ALL)
        self.c1.create_line(0, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), 310, 100 - (-73 + 123 + 5), fill='white')
        for x, y in enumerate(seq):
            yd = y + 123
            x0 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_gap
            y0 = height - (yd * y_stretch + y_gap)
            x1 = x * x_stretch + x * x_width + x_width + x_gap
            y1 = height - y_gap
            self.c1.create_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, fill="yellow")
 
    def write_file(self):
        self.filename = self.name+".txt"
        self.f = open(self.filename, 'a+')
        timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
        log = " ".join((timenow, self.name, self.mode, self.freq, self.smeter, self.preamp, self.atten, "\r\n"))
        self.f.write(log)
        self.f.close()
 
def update():
    #loops = 0
 
    try:
        nRadio1.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio2.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio3.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    try:
        nRadio4.get_all()
    except:
        pass
    #d1.up_dash()
 
    return
 
def main():
    #loops = 0
    while True:
        try:
            nRadio1.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio2.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio3.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        try:
            nRadio4.get_all()
        except:
            pass
        #d1.up_dash()
        #loops += 1
        #print threading.currentThread().name, loops
        time.sleep(1)
 
def close():
    n1.connect("quit")
    root.destroy()
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    version = "v0.1"
    lock = threading.Lock()
    root = Tk()
    #w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
    #root.geometry("%dx%d+0+0" % (w, h))
    #root.geometry("300x520+0+0")
 
    root.title("AR7030 " + version)
 
    #root.withdraw()
    n1 = Network()
    #radio_count = (n1.connect("count"))
    #radio_count = 3
 
    radio_count = int(n1.connect("count"))
    #if radio_count > 0:
    #    nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")
    #if radio_count > 1:
    #    nRadio2 = nRadio(root, "2")
    #if radio_count > 2:
    #    nRadio3 = nRadio(root, "3")
    #if radio_count > 3:
    #    nRadio4 = nRadio(root, "4")
 
    nRadio1 = nRadio(root, "1")    
    #d1 = Dash(root)
 
    #print threading.currentThread().name
    m1 = threading.Thread(target = main)
    m1.setDaemon(True)
    m1.start()
 
    update()
 
    root.mainloop()

New (July 2022) version of aor module, with access to IF filter selection

aor_filter.py

import serial
import threading
 
 
#sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sport = "/dev/ttyS0"
sbaud = 1200
 
lock = threading.Lock()
fract = float(2 ** 24) / 44545
 
 
class Ar7030(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=10)
        self.model = model
        self.filter = self.get_filter()
 
    def check_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        if result:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
    def set_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = 1 << bit
        result = ord(byte) | mask
        return result
 
    def clear_bit(self, byte, bit):
        mask = ~(1 << bit)
        result = (ord(byte) & mask)
        return result
 
    def get_ident(self):
        sendStr = '\x5f' + '\x40'
        ident = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
        return ident
 
    def get_pre(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        p = self.check_bit(byte, 4)
        if p:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
        return
 
    def get_filter(self):
        sendStr= '\x50' + '\x33' + '\x44'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
        #print ord(byte)
 
        return ord(byte)
 
    def set_filter(self,filt_no):
        #print "In set_filter with ", filt_no
        try:
            filt_no = int(filt_no)
        except ValueError:
            return "Not a number"
 
        if filt_no > 6:
            return "Out of range"
 
        high = 48 + (filt_no >> 4)
        low = 96 + (filt_no & 15)
 
        sendStr= '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x33' + '\x44' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x23' + '\x80'
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False,0)
 
        #self.get_filter()
 
        return "Command Sent"
 
 
 
    def pre_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte :
        # bit0 = filter FS3
        # bit1 = filter FS2
        # bit2 = filter FS1
        # bit3 = filter FS4
        # bit4 = preamp enabled
        # bit5 = atten 0 = 20dB / 1 = 40dB
        # bit6 = input filter 0 = HF / 1 = LF
        # bit7 = attenuator enabled
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 ON = preamp ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 4)
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
 
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def pre_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 4 OFF = preamp OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 4)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def get_att(self):
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
 
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        a = self.check_bit(byte, 7)
 
        if a:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
 
 
    def att_on(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 ON = ATT ON and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.set_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def att_off(self):
        #get current 8-bit rxcon byte
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48'
        byte = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        # set bit 7 OFF = att OFF and get the new 8-bit rxcon byte
        pon = self.clear_bit(byte, 7)
 
 
        # split new rxcon byte into two 4-bit nibbles, add 48/96 (\x30 and \x60)
        high = 48 + (pon >> 4)
        low = 96 + (pon & 15)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x32' + '\x48' + chr(high) + chr(low) + '\x29' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Command sent"
 
 
    def set_freq(self, freq):
        fval = freq * fract
        #print fval
        b1 = 48 + int(fval / 1048576)
        fval = fval % 1048576
        b2 = 96 + int(fval / 65536)
        fval = fval % 65536
        b3 = 48 + int(fval / 4096)
        fval = fval % 4096
        b4 = 96 + int(fval / 256)
        fval = fval % 256
        b5 = 48 + int(fval / 16)
        b6 = 96 + int(fval % 16)
 
        f_tuple = ( b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6 )
 
        freqStr = ""
        for byte in f_tuple:
            freqStr += chr(byte)
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a' + freqStr + '\x24' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        return "Freq Set"
 
    def get_freq(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4a'
 
        freqStr = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 3)
 
        f_val = 0
        for k in freqStr:
            f_val = f_val * 256 + ord(k)
 
        return "%.3f" % round(float(f_val / fract),2 )
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self, mode):
 
        if mode == "lsb":
            set_mode_val = "\x66"
        elif mode == "usb":
            set_mode_val = "\x67"
        elif mode == "am":
            set_mode_val = "\x61"
        elif mode == "cw":
            set_mode_val = "\x65"
        elif mode == "data":
            set_mode_val = "\x64"
        elif mode == "fm":
            set_mode_val = "\x63"
        elif mode == "s-am":
            set_mode_val = "\x62"
        else:
            return "Mode not recognized"
 
        sendStr = '\x81' + '\x50' + '\x31' + '\x4d' + set_mode_val + '\x22' + '\x80'
 
        self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 0)
        self.filter = self.get_filter()
 
        return "Mode sent"
 
    def get_mode(self):
 
        sendStr = "\x50" + "\x31" + "\x4d"
        m = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 1)
 
        mode = ""
        if m == "\x01":
            mode = "am"
        elif m == "\x02":
            mode = "s-am"
        elif m == "\x03":
            mode = "fm"
        elif m == "\x04":
            mode = "data"
        elif m == "\x05":
            mode = "cw"
        elif m == "\x06":
            mode = "lsb"
        elif m == "\x07":
            mode = "usb"
 
        return mode.upper()
 
 
    def get_s(self):
        sendStr = '\x2e'
        sraw = self.tx_rx(sendStr, True, 0)
 
        return ord(sraw)
 
    def get_cal(self):
 
        sendStr = '\x52' + '\x3f' + '\x44' + '\x11'
        #print "sending getcal"
        cbytes = self.tx_rx(sendStr, False, 8)
 
        cal = []
 
        for c in cbytes:
            cal.append(ord(c))
        #print cal
        return cal
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        s = float(self.get_s())
        cal = self.get_cal()
 
        s1 = s - cal[0]
        s2 = s1 - cal[1]
        s3 = s2 - cal[2]
        s4 = s3 - cal[3]
        s5 = s4 - cal[4]
        s6 = s5 - cal[5]
        s7 = s6 - cal[6]
 
        if s1 <= 0:
            dbm = -123
            adj = s / cal[0] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s2 <= 0:
            dbm = -113
            adj = s1 / cal[1] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s3 <= 0:
            dbm = -103
            adj = s2 / cal[2] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s4 <= 0:
            dbm = -93
            adj = s3 / cal[3] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s5 <= 0:
            dbm = -83
            adj = s4 / cal[4] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s6 <= 0:
            dbm = -73
            adj = s5 / cal[5] * 10
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        elif s7 <= 0:
            dbm = -63
            adj = s6 / cal[6] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
        else:
            dbm = -43
            adj = s7 / cal[7] * 20
            return str(dbm + adj)
 
 
    def tx_rx(self, sendStr, reply, n):
        # apply thread lock
        lock.acquire()
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
 
        if reply:  # for reading S-meter
            result = ""
            while not result:
                result = self.ser.read(1)
            lock.release()
            return result
        else:
 
            result = ""
            byte = ""
            while n != 0:
                self.ser.write('\x71')
                #byte = ""
 
                while not byte:
                    byte = self.ser.read(1)
 
                result += byte
 
                byte = ""
                n -= 1
            lock.release()
            return result

New (July 2022) server with AR7030 filter selection

ar_server_filter.py

#from aor import *
from aor_filter import *
#from icom import *
from conf import *
#from m710 import *
import SocketServer
import time
 
try:
    import readline
except:
    pass
 
lock = threading.Lock()
 
radios = []
 
 
 
#r1 = Icom(n1, a1, cal1)
#radios.append(n1)
 
#r2 = m710(n4)
#radios.append(n4)
 
#r2 = Icom(n2, a2, cal2)
#radios.append(n2)
 
#r3 = Ar7030(n3)
#radios.append(n3)
 
r1 = Ar7030(n3)
radios.append(n3)
 
print radios
#print r1.digi_off()
 
#print r2.remote_on()
 
def count_radios():
    count = len(radios)
    return count
 
 
def list_radios():
    radiolist = ""
    for n in range(0, len(radios)):
        r = radios[n]
        radiolist += (r + " ")
    return radiolist
 
 
def write_file(text):
    filename = 'commandlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
def write_con(text):
    filename = 'conlog.txt'
    f = open(filename, 'a+')  # a+ is "append to file, create it if it doesn't exist"
    timenow = time.strftime("%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(time.time()))
    log = " ".join((timenow, text))  # make an entry for the log by joining the timestamp with the text passed in
    f.write(log)
    f.close()
 
 
# The Server
class ThreadedRequestHandler(SocketServer.StreamRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):
        # we find the current thread for the client connection just set up, to
        # use in the log file
        cur_thread = threading.currentThread()
        # log the new connection details
        write_con("Connect from %s using %s \n" % ((self.client_address[0]), cur_thread.getName()))
        # print to the server's console the new connection IP address/port
        print self.client_address
        # loop to handle client requests....
        while True:
            # using StreamRequestHandler means our input from the client
            # is  "file-like" and can be read with "file-like" commands
            # we read a line at a time, using readline()
            cmd = self.rfile.readline().lower()
            # to keep things clean, we remove any characters that aren't
            # "printable" simple ASCII
            # these are between 32 and 127 in the ASCII table
            # we look at each character, and then make a new word by
            # .join()ing each accepted character with no space in between
            asccmd = "".join(x for x in cmd if ord(x) < 128 and ord(x) > 31)
            # we make a list called "words" holding the received words which
            # will be inspected by various functions
            words = asccmd.split()
            # If a client uses sock.close() itself, to disconnect, it appears that
            # we read a continuous stream of "" on the dead
            # socket, which puts CPU to 100%.
            #
            # The "While" loop is probably responsible, but I can't see another
            # way to keep the connection up for multiple commands.
            #
            # Further connection are accepted due to the Threaded nature of the server.
            # The CPU load is unacceptable though
            # HACK ?>>>>>
            # Looking for "" and then breaking
            # the connection from the server end (even though the client has
            # gone) cures this.
            if cmd == "":
                break
            else:
                pass
            # if the words list is empty, go back and get more input
            if not words:
                continue
            # we have input....
            # filter based on the first word - these are the
            # pre-set commands the server will accept
            # the client wants to know the currently available
            # radio names - held in the variable "rnames"
            elif words[0] == "getnames":
                self.wfile.write(rnames)
            # words[-1] (the last word in the list) will always be the
            # radio name. We give the variable "my_radio" this value, for
            # identifying which radio object to apply the method to
            elif words[0] == "count":
                count = count_radios()
                self.wfile.write(count)
            elif words[0] == "ident":
                ident_text = "GM4SLV Radio Server"
                radio_list = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(ident_text + "\rAvailable : \n" + radio_list + "\r\n")
 
            elif words[0] == "setfil":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                filt_no = words[1]
                newfilt = my_radio.set_filter(filt_no)
 
                self.wfile.write(newfilt)
            elif words[0] == "getfil":
                my_radio = eval(words[1])
                filt = my_radio.get_filter()
                self.wfile.write(filt)
 
            elif words[0] == "getmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = my_radio.get_mode()
                self.wfile.write(mode)
            elif words[0] == "getfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                freq = words[1]
                freq = my_radio.get_freq()
                self.wfile.write(freq)
            elif words[0] == "setmode":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                mode = words[1]
                newmode = my_radio.set_mode(mode)
                self.wfile.write(newmode)
            elif words[0] == "setfreq":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                try:
                    freq = float(words[1])
                    newfreq = my_radio.set_freq(freq)
                    self.wfile.write(newfreq)
                except ValueError:
                    #freq = float(my_radio.get_freq())
                    self.wfile.write("Error in freq. %s No change\r\n" % words[1])
 
            elif words[0] == "getsmeter":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                smeter = round(float(my_radio.get_smeter()), 1)
                self.wfile.write(smeter)
            elif words[0] == "gets":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                s = my_radio.get_s()
                self.wfile.write(s)
            elif words[0] == "listradios":
                radios = list_radios()
                self.wfile.write(radios)
            elif words[0] == "getpreamp":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.get_pre()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampon":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preamp2on":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_2_on()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "preampoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                preamp = my_radio.pre_off()
                self.wfile.write(preamp)
            elif words[0] == "getatt":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.get_att()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "atton":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_on()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "attoff":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                att = my_radio.att_off()
                self.wfile.write(att)
            elif words[0] == "tune":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                tune = my_radio.tune()
                self.wfile.write(tune)
            elif words[0] == "getpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                pwr = my_radio.get_pwr()
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "setpwr":
                my_radio = eval(words[-1])
                spwr = words[1]
                pwr = my_radio.set_pwr(spwr)
                self.wfile.write(pwr)
            elif words[0] == "quit":
                write_con("Got quit from {}\n".format(self.client_address[0]))  # log it
                self.wfile.write("Goodbye! \r\n")  # say Goodbye
                break
            else:  # nothing in words[0] matches a pre-set command....
                write_file("Received %s\n" % words)  # log it, it's unusual
                self.wfile.write("Command not recognized\r\n")  # inform the client
 
 
class ThreadedIcomServer(SocketServer.ThreadingMixIn, SocketServer.TCPServer):
    pass
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # define the lock to be used on the serial port access
    lock = threading.Lock()
 
    # address ('' = all available interfaces) to listen on, and port number
    address = ('', 9999)
    server = ThreadedIcomServer(address, ThreadedRequestHandler)
    server.allow_reuse_address = True
 
    # define that the server will be threaded, and will serve "forever" ie. not quit after the client disconnects
    t = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever)
    # start the server thread
    t.start()
 
    write_con(
        "Server loop running in thread: %s\n" % "".join(t.getName()))

Documentation

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:04:50 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, ar7030

Anytone AT-D878UV

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Anytone AT-D878UV

Files

Date	File	Comments
17/03/24	current_878_170324.zip	Codeplug 3 DMR plus DMR2YSF
17/03/24	d878uv_v1.21.zip	Working 1.21 & CPS
17/03/24	878_contacts.zip	Pruned Contacts file
06/04/25	current_878_050425.zip	Codeplug 3 DMR
06/04/25	contacts_050425.zip	Pruned Contacts file

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:02:24 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, dv, dmr

Yaesu FRG-7700

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Yaesu FRG-7700

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:04:23 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

Yaesu FT-60

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Yaesu FT-60

Page Info

Documentation

ft-60r_operating.pdf

Page created Wed May 25 00:00:44 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, ft60

Icom IC-M710

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Icom IC-M710

Repairs / Mods

2023 : No Transmit Output Power.

Receive functions normally
trace to - pre-drive TX buffer amp transistor - Q1 Main PCB
- No Drive to PA from Main Board
- TX signal present at base of Q1 but no signal at collector
- Q1 2SC4673 sourced from eBay https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/322993473692
- 07/02/23 : Replaced Q1 and full transmit power restored.

Remote Control

Python module for netradio

Some functions aren't needed for receive only, and should be removed (ptt_on ptt_off etc.). This module originally came from another project (not “object oriented”) and I had to add lots of self statements to the needed functions, ignoring the ones not used for “netradio”. I'll trim it, later, if I remember.

m710.py code

m710.py

'''
Python NMEA Radio Functions module for Icom IC-M710 Marine HF SSB Transceiver
 
    Copyright (C) 2015  John Pumford-Green
 
    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.
 
    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.
 
    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
'''
 
# serial port for Icom IC-M710 Rig Control
 
import serial
import threading
import time
version = "v0.1"
 
sport = '/dev/ttyUSB0'
sbaud = 4800
 
#ser = serial.Serial(sport, 4800, timeout=1)
lock = threading.Lock()
 
# NMEA Codes
preamble = "$PICOA,"
controller = "90"
radio = "01" 
cr = "\x0d"
lf = "\x0a"
 
 
# Commands are sent as NMEA private sentences:
#
# $PICOA,controller_id,radio_id,command,<parameter>,*HH<CR><LF>
#
# where HH is the 2 digit ECC value below:
#
# The protocol document states that for messages FROM the controller TO the radio
# the ECC bytes are optional, and may be omitted. This appears to be false information, and
# the ECC bytes seem to be necessary.
#
# The ECC checksum, is a two-digit hex value found by XORing the hex values of the characters 
# between "$" and "*" (but not including the $ or *)
#
# The first part of the message is always:
# "PICOA,90,01," and this has an XOR value of (decimal) 112
# we then XOR this with each character's decimal ASCII value, in the required command
# and convert the result to a 2-digit hex value
#
 
class m710(object):
    def __init__(self, model):
        self.ser = serial.Serial(sport, sbaud, timeout=0.1)
        self.model = model
        print "model", model
 
 
    def get_ecc(self,command):
        ecc = 112
        for c in command:
            ecc = ord(c) ^ ecc
        hecc = '{0:02x}'.format(int(ecc))
 
        return hecc
 
# we must force the radio into "Remote" mode before sending any other commands.    
    def remote_on(self):
        command = "REMOTE,ON"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return self.remote_on()
 
 
 
# we can leave the radio in "Remote" mode for as long as we want to control it remotely
# but we must close the "Remote" mode when finished. The previous radio settings (channel/power etc) are
# restored after Remote mode is closed.
    def remote_off(self):
        command = "REMOTE,OFF"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr) 
        if result:
            #ser.close()
            return
        else:
            return self.remote_off()
 
 
    def ptt_on():
        command = "TRX,TX"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return ptt_on()
 
    def ptt_off():
        command = "TRX,RX"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return
        else:
            return ptt_off()
 
 
 
    def get_freq(self):
        fkhz = self.get_rxfreq()
        #fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
        return fkhz
 
    def set_freq(self,freq):
 
        self.set_rxfreq(freq)
        self.set_txfreq(freq)
        return "Set freq success"
 
    def get_rxfreq(self):
        command = "RXF"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            f = list[4].split("*")[0]
            fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
            return fkhz
        else:
            return self.get_rxfreq()
 
 
    def get_txfreq(self):
        command = "TXF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            f = list[4].split("*")[0]
            fkhz = "%.3f" % (float(f) * 1000)
            return fkhz
        else:
            return self.get_txfreq()
 
 
    def get_mode(self):
        command = "MODE"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            mode = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return mode
        else:
            return self.get_mode()
 
 
 
    def set_mode(self,mode):
        mode = mode.upper()
        command = "MODE,"+mode
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
 
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        print "in set_mode with ", sendStr
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_mode(mode)
 
 
    def set_rxfreq(self,freq):
 
        fmhz = float(freq) / 1000
        f = str(fmhz)
 
        command = "RXF,"+f
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_rxfreq(freq)
 
 
    def set_txfreq(self,freq):
 
        fmhz = float(freq) / 1000
        f = str(fmhz)
 
        command = "TXF,"+f
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return self.set_txfreq(freq)
 
    def get_txpower():
        command = "TXP"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            power = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return power
        else:
            return get_txpower()
 
    def set_txpower(p):
        command = "TXP,"+p
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_txpower(p)
 
    def get_smeter(self):
        command = "SIGM"
        ecc = self.get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = self.tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            smeter = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return smeter
        else:
            return self.get_smeter()
 
    def speaker_on():
        command = "SP,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return speaker_on()
 
 
    def speaker_off():
        command = "SP,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return speaker_off()
 
    def sql_on():
        command = "SQLC,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return sql_on()
 
    def sql_off():
        command = "SQLC,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return sql_off()
 
    def nb_on():
        command = "NB,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return nb_on()
 
    def nb_off():
        command = "NB,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return nb_off()
 
    def dim_on():
        command = "DIM,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return dim_on()
 
    def dim_off():
        command = "DIM,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return dim_off()
 
    def agc_on():
        command = "AGC,ON"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return agc_on()
 
    def agc_off():
        command = "AGC,OFF"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return agc_off()
 
    def get_vol():
        command = "AFG"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            vol = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return vol
        else:
            return get_vol()
 
 
 
    def set_vol(v):
        command = "AFG,"+v
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_vol(v)
 
    def get_rfg():
        command = "RFG"
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble+controller+","+radio+","+command+"*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            list = result.split(",")
            rf = list[4].split("*")[0]
            return rf
        else:
            return get_rfg()
 
    def get_att(self):
        return
 
    def get_pre(self):
        return
 
    def set_rfg(v):
        command = "RFG,"+v
        ecc = get_ecc(command)
        sendStr = preamble +controller+","+radio+"," + command + "*"+ecc+cr+lf
        result = tx_rx(sendStr)
        if result:
            return result
        else:
            return set_rfg(v)
 
    # The message FROM the radio may be corrupted so we do a check on the received ECC versus our calculated cECC
    # from the received characters - which are everything AFTER the "$" and BEFORE the "*"
    #
    # starting the ECC calculation at message[1] ignores the "$" and we iterate through the message XORing each 
    # character's ASCII (decimal) value until we have the final cECC which is converted by formatting it
    # into a two-digit hex value. This is then compared to the received (rECC) value from the radio's message. 
    # If they match the message is acceptable and check_ecc() returns True to tx_rx(), 
    # otherwise check_ecc() function returns "False" to tx_rx()
    # the True/False value is tested in tx_rx(). 
    # If True then tx_rx() returns the incoming string to the calling function
    # otherwise it returns "False". 
    # The calling function then checkS the boolean state of the returned value. 
    # If True (ie it has the radio's message and the ECC was good) the message 
    # is sent back to the client. 
    # If False the function calls itself again, and attempts to get an error-free reply from the radio, via tx_rx()
 
    def check_ecc(self,message, recc):
        i = 1
        cecc = 0
 
        while i < len(message):
            cecc = ord(message[i]) ^ cecc
            i += 1  
 
        cecc = '{0:02x}'.format(int(cecc))  
 
        if cecc == recc:   
            return True
        else: 
            return False
 
    def tx_rx(self,sendStr):
        print "in tx_rx, sendStr =  " , sendStr
        lock.acquire()
 
        self.ser.write(sendStr)
        time.sleep(0.1)
        result = self.ser.readline()
 
        print result
        reply = result.split("*")
        ecc = reply[1][0:2].lower()
        message = reply[0]
        lock.release()
 
        if self.check_ecc(message, ecc):
            return result
        else:
            return False
 
 
 
 
 
#

Documentation

Page Info

Page created Tue May 24 23:59:35 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

radio, icm710

Icom IC-R75

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Icom IC-R75

Details

Repairs / Mods

-5V DC/DC converter
- various capacitor failures

“Turn Off” fault - due to overheating of 13V regulator
- Cured by
  - Reduce input voltage to 13.8V
  - Improve heatsinking of regulator IC to chassis

Remote Control

connected to shack server via RS232
shack server running Python netradio server.py to give TCP/IP network control

laptop PC running Python netradio client.py to give user access

Available controls:

gm4slv@laptop:~/Python/PythonProjects/netradio $ python2 client.py
There are currently 1 radios connected.
=================================
Status of Radio 1 (IC-R75)

Frequency : 391.000 kHz
Mode: CW
S-Meter: -113.0dBm
1 : 0
=================================

Please choose a radio

There are currently 1 radios connected.
Radio 1 is IC-R75
Choose a radio number from the list : 1

The available commands are:
lr   : List Radios
sr   : Select the Radio to control
gr   : Get currently selected Radio name
gm   : Get Mode
sm   : Set Mode
gf   : Get Freq
sf   : Set Freq
gs   : Get S-meter
gp   : Get Pre-amp
pon  : Set Pre-amp On
poff : Set Pre-amp Off
gatt : Get Attn
aton : Set Attn On
atoff: Set Attn Off
ga   : Get All (status of all radios)
sync : Sync freq/mode on two radios
log  : Setup background logging to file
h    : Help (show this command list)
q    : quit

IC-R75 >

audio via network using PicoPhone
- running on shack laptop via Wine
- running on Windows laptop natively

Remote control is achieved via a SSH connection to shack laptop to run the netradio client.py and the RX audio can be heard via PicoPhone.

Documentation

TYT MD380

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

TYT MD380

Files

Date	File	Comments
17/03/24	current_380_170324.zip	Codeplug 3 DMR and DMR2YSF
17/03/24	tytoolz_v1_08c_beta.zip	Firmware flash tool for TyToolz & DB

Firmware

Running the TyToolz fork of MD380 Tools
Similar functionality to the original Tools firmware but with some nicer modifications that make it more pleasant to operate.

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:05:34 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, dmr, dv

QRP Labs QCX-mini

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 02 Jul 2026 09:17:44 +0000

←Rig and Key List

QRP Labs QCX-mini

40m version

Further Information

Page created : 02/07/26 10:15 BST

Page updated : 02/07/26 10:17 BST

radio, qcx

QRP Labs QMX

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 09 Jul 2026 12:45:43 +0000

←Rig and Key List

QRP Labs QMX

Further Information

Page created : 02/07/26 10:16 BST

Page updated : 09/07/26 13:45 BST

radio, qmx

Rig and Key List

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Radio

Rig and Key List

Radios and Morse Keys/Bugs currently owned

Information

Page created Tue May 24 23:57:58 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

radio

Kenwood TH-D72

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Kenwood TH-D72

Remote Control

The TH-D72 can be used to remotely control a TM-D710. This allows remote control of VHF Frequency/Memory Channel, TX power, CTCSS/DCS tones and to enable/disable cross-band repeat.

The remote control function uses specific DTMF sequences to instruct the TM-D710.

To enable “Remote Ctrl” mode :

Select the correct UHF uplink frequency to match the TM-D710
Turn off the TH-D72
Hold MR and PTT
Turn on the TH-D72

The display will show “Mobile Ctrl”

The TM-D710 must also be put in Remote Control mode.

On the TM-D710

select VHF mode on both sides
turn off the APRS TNC if it's on
set the left side to the wanted VHF Frequency
set the right side to the UHF Uplink/control frequency to match the TH-D72
- the first steps are done by selecting PM5 on my TM-D710
- make sure the left side/VHF is the “active” side by clicking the left volume knob
turn off
hold Rev button
turn on

The TM-D710 should now be in remote mode.

To restore normal operation repeat the same sequence of

Turn off
Hold Rev
Turn on

Successful commands sent to the TM-D710 will receive a “pip pip pip” revertive.

The commands are send using the TH-D72 keypad, remapped as:

1 = DCS On	2 = Tone On	3 = CTCSS On	A = Enter
4 = DCS Off	5 = Tone Off	6 = CTCSS Off	B = CTCSS/DCS Tone
7 = Call Ch. Mode	8 = VFO Mode	9 = Memory Mode	C = Repeater On
* = Down	0 = Power	# = Up	D = Repeater Off

to change VHF Frequency to 145.500
- 8 (VFO Mode)
- A (Enter) 145500 A (Enter)
to change to memory channel 2
- 9 (Memory Mode)
- A (Enter) 002 A (enter)
To turn on Cross-Band Repeat
- C
To turn off Cross-Band Repeat
- D

Once the TM-D710 is in the correct condition - VHF Frequency, tone, power, cross-band repeat - it's possible to restore the TH-D72 to normal operation and use it to access the cross-band repeater and use DTMF tones as normal (eg. to control another system via the repeater). Just exit “Mobile Ctrl” mode on the TH-D72

Turn off
hold MR and PTT
Turn on

You should be back in normal operation mode.

Obviously, to control the TM-D710 again (eg to disable cross-band repeat) simply go back to Mobile Ctrl mode in the same way, and send the required commands.

Documentation

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:01:26 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, thd72

Kenwood TM-D710

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Kenwood TM-D710

Service Mode to adjust TX Powers

To access Service Mode
- Make 6-pin data plug with pins 3 & 6 connected
- Plug into Data Socket on Main Unit
- Power up while holding Left 2 Function buttons
To set powers, rotate main knob to find “HPWR V” etc.
- Note current settings of all 6 parameters
  - HPWR V 216
  - MPWR V 148
  - LPWR V 137
  - HPWR U 225
  - MPWR U 106
  - LPWR U 83
- Adjust each to achieve required power (Press PTT, Look at Power meter, rotate Main Knob with relevant figure selected…..)
  - New settings (high power set to keep current below 10A)
    - HPWR V 172 → 25W (current 6.5A)
    - MPWR V 148 → 10W
    - LPWR V 137 = 5W
    - HPWR U 133 → 20W
    - MPWR U 102 → 10W
    - LPWR U 83 = 5W
- Power off
- Remove plug
- Power on

Remote Control and Cross-Band Repeat

See TH-D72

Documentation

tm-d710g_all_en.pdf

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:01:05 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, tmd710

Xeigu G90

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←Rig and Key List

Xeigu G90

Documentation

Firmware Upgrade process

Use TeraTerm and “blue USB Serial adaptor”

Set TerraTerm to 115200 8n1 and the appropriate COM port

Plug to Main unit COM port

Hold SPACE and power-on G90
Choose “1. Update F/W”
After “Erase” select F/W file to send in TerraTerm via “File → Transfer → XMODEM → Send
1. check the “1k” box
2. Power off Radio after transfer completes
Move to Front Panel COM port
Hold SPACE and power-on G90 again
repeat process to upgrade front panel
Once complete depower radio.
Wait 5 seconds (remove COM connection)
Power on as normal

Firmware

Date	Firmware Version	Firmware Files	Comments

12/5/23	1.79b03	g90fw_v1.79_fw_v1.79b03_221026.zip	new IF Filter adjust method - not intuitive
12/5/23	1.78b01	g90_fw_v1.78b01-20220119.zip	downgraded - not sure of new Bandwidth method
12/5/23	1.79b03 main / 1.80 display	g90_fw_1.80disp.zip	Display → 1.80 fixes C-IV bugs. Main Unit on 1.79b03. Trying to adapt to new IF bandwidth method
14/5/23	1.78b01	g90_fw_v1.78b01-20220119.zip	Downgraded again, old filter adjustment method much better, but clicks on audio on strong signals
14/5/23	1.77b	xiegu_g90_fw_v1.77b.zip	back to best compromise version (so far)

Manual etc

Date	File
02/04/24	xiegu_g90_user_manual_v4.31_20230607.pdf
02/04/24	cheat-sheet-v1.75-091520.pdf

Page Info

Page created Wed May 25 00:00:02 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

tags

radio, g90

CCIR493 Selcall - 2026

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 08 Jun 2026 17:46:06 +0000

←Radio Topics

CCIR493 Selcall - 2026

I am tempted to revisit my previous experiments with CCIR493 selcall. There's a page giving details and info of what I've already done with HF Selcall here

Today (June 6^th 2026) I saw a Mastodon post from Peter OE1LFB https://mastodon.radio/@oe1lfb showing a new Codan Envoy, and an idea sparked that perhaps there were other active Selcall users around. I sent a Mastodon post offering to try CCIR493 selcall but Peter informed me that the Codan was “..being used with the Austrian Red Cross, for emcom.”

But the idea took root anyway and I dug out both my Jenal SC2 microphones.

I initially connected one to my Xeigu G90, via its rear panel “data” connector and this seemed to work well. To properly test I wired the second SC2 to a mic plug for my Icom IC-7200.

I now have two separate HF Selcall transceivers. I put them both into dummy loads and tried various selcalls, beacon and beacon-99 calls between them. All working correctly.

In the past I've done selcall tests with a couple of stations - GM4WMM and F6EMT. I need to think about what to do this year as a mini-project.

Peer Tube Video

I've put a rambling video on Peer Tube : https://makertube.net/w/kPHwY1jNVMrH4fxvzHKhuN

When not otherwise being used I'll try to leave the IC-7200 monitoring one of these frequencies (all USB) with Selcall ID 3657

60m : 5371.5kHz
40m :
30m :
20m : 14343.0kHz
17m : 18163.0kHz
15m : 21427.0kHz
12m : 24977.0kHz
10m : 28305.0kHz

I plan to take the G90 and its selcall mic to various portable locations and test the path back to my home station using selcall beacons.

If anybody has the ability to use Barrett/Codan/CCIR493 selcall on HF and would like to try some tests and perhaps set up a net or sked please let me know! My email address is on the home page of this wiki, and is on my G4SLV @ QRZ.com page.

I have also been thinking about an “Engineer Order Wire” back-channel using Allstar for co-ordination and discussion of HF tests. I'll write a new Allstar wiki page about my new Allstar setup but in the meantime - I'm at Allstar node 481483. I don't monitor 24/7, but try to keep an ear on it while I'm near the shack.

Further Information

Page created : 06/06/26 21:40 BST

Page updated : 01/01/70 01:00 BST

QRSS

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 08 Jul 2026 12:56:16 +0000

←Radio Topics

QRSS

I've started playing with QRSS, inspired by getting involved with QMX and QCX and the QRP world. QRSS is something to use the equipment for while I'm not actively operating CW, and by either transmitting QRSS for other people to receive, or running a receive “grabber” for other people to observe, I'm helping with other people's experimental use of the hobby (and my own). I could continue using WSPR for similar ends, but I find QRSS much more human.

First Step

I need to be able to receive - never transmit if you can't receive first. I remember using Spectrum Lab in the past, on 500kHz for a grabber, and I knew it ran well under Wine on Linux. So I installed Spectrum Lab on my Linux shack laptop.

A bit of fiddling and I got it to display QRSS nicely.

Grabber

Receiving locally is nice, but the real fun comes from sharing the waterfall image via the internet…. a “grabber”

That just required setting Spectrum Lab to make regular screen captures, and to deposit them in a directory where they can be accessed by the Linux system easily.

And then a small bash script to send the file by SCP to my VPS webserver.

#!/bin/bash
DIR=/home/g4slv/Screenshots
 
sleep 5
 
scp -P 2182 $DIR/capt.jpg g4slv@g4slv.info:
rm $DIR/capt.jpg

and on the VPS another bash script to rename the new capture to include a datestamp, and then to copy the new capture to the webserver, along with the date-stamped copy.

#!/bin/bash
 
 
DATE=`date +%y%m%d_%H%M`
 
DIR=/home/g4slv
sleep 30
if [ -e capt.jpg ]
then
        cp capt.jpg capt_$DATE.jpg
        sudo mv $DIR/*.jpg /var/www/html/grabs/
fi

This makes sure I don't lose all the grabs, and can access them via the website, to look for interesting artifacts, or signals of interest.

Both scripts run every 10 minutes via Crontab. Each script has a sleep command to delay its operation to allow the correct sequence of actions, and to give time for the SCP operation to upload the new capture file to the VPS.

On the following grab, at 12:00 UTC 8 Jul 2026 are:

GM4GKH using some Hell variant rather than QRSS CW
S52AB
SO5CW
G0PKT
M0BMN
G0MBN
G4JQT
IK2JET

QRSS TX

To set the QMX to operate as a QRSS beacon is a bit convoluted….

Protection
- PA Max volts → 3V - this will give approx 1W
Messages
- Message 1 → GM4SLV
Keyer (from single click of Menu key in normal operation mode) → 6 (dot = 6 seconds)
Beacon
- Mode → FSKCW
- Frequency → 10,140,050
- Frame → 10 (repeat every ten minutes)
- Start → 0 (start on minute zero)
- Time → set to any random time, it's just used to start each TX cycle every “Frame” minutes. Absolute time isn't important.

Sending “GM4SLV” at 6-second dot takes about 7 minutes, and then there's 3 minutes of RX to allow the PA to cool down, and the cycle repeats every 10 minutes. I don't know if the RTC is accurate enough to allow for “stacking” to improve reception of my signals, without GPS time lock it might drift around a little?

Further Information

Knights QRSS Group : https://groups.io/g/qrssknights
QRSSPlus Grabber collection : https://swharden.com/qrss/plus/
QXM User Guide : operation_1_03_002.pdf
Spectrum Lab Installation file obtained from https://www.qsl.net/dl4yhf/spectra1.html : install_speclab.zip
Spectrum Lab usr file for the grabber : gm4slv_30m_grabber.usr

Page created : 08/07/26 11:44 BST

Page updated : 08/07/26 13:56 BST

radio, qrss, 30m, qmx, grabber

Diaries

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 20 Apr 2026 09:12:50 +0000

←Diaries

Diaries

blog posts on the subject of diaries
- Diaries
- Finding Things In A Diary

Diary related pages

Bloods

Further Information

Page created : 20/04/26 10:08 BST

Page updated : 20/04/26 10:12 BST

diary

Damasko DA36 Daily Rates (2016-2019)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Damasko DA36

Damasko DA36 Daily Rates (2016-2019)

Created Friday 08 November 2019

Serial Number : DA36.1981

New : 02/11/16

Date		Δntp(s)	Rate Error(s/d)		Comment
============================================
05/11/16	+1.0	+0.8
06/11/16	+1.7	+0.6
07/11/16	+1.9	+0.2
08/11/16	+2.6	+0.7
09/11/16	+2.8	+0.2
10/11/16	+3.2	+0.4
11/11/16	+2.6	-0.6
12/11/16	+2.7	+0.1
13/11/16	+2.8	+0.1
14/11/16	+3.5	+0.7
15/11/16	+4.9	+1.4
16/11/16	+5.3	+0.4
17/11/16	+5.3	+0.0
18/11/16	+6.8	+1.4
19/11/16	+8.5	+1.7
20/11/16	+8.9	+0.4
21/11/16	+10.1	+1.2
22/11/16	+10.5	+0.4
23/11/16	+11.5	+1.0
24/11/16	+11.8	+0.2
25/11/16	+12.1	+0.4
26/11/16	+13.2	+1.1
27/11/16	+13.4	+0.2
28/11/16	+14.7	+1.4
29/11/16	+15.8	+1.0
30/11/16	+17.3	+1.6
01/12/16	+19.3	+2.0
02/12/16	+19.7	+0.6		1 month old. Worn daily
03/12/16	+20.1	+0.4
04/12/16	+21.2	+1.1
05/12/16	+22.9	+1.8
06/12/16	+22.0	-0.8
07/12/16	+22.8	+0.7
08/12/16	+23.4	+0.7
09/12/16	+23.3	-0.2
10/12/16	+25.0	+1.7
11/12/16	+26.6	+1.6
12/12/16	+27.2	+0.7
13/12/16	+28.9	+1.6
14/12/16	+29.1	+0.2
15/12/16	+30.6	+1.5
16/12/16	+31.3	+0.6
17/12/16	+33.1	+1.9		Rate increasing?
18/12/16	+35.1	+2.0
19/12/16	+36.2	+1.0
20/12/16	+37.4	+1.2
21/12/16	+39.4	+2.0
22/12/16	+41.9	+2.5
23/12/16	+44.5	+2.6
24/12/16	+47.2	+2.7		Reset time to +0.1s
25/12/16	+1.2	+1.2
26/12/16	+3.6	+2.7
27/12/16	+5.3	+1.7
28/12/16	+6.7	+1.4
29/12/16	+9.8	+3.1		Biggest daily rate error so far
30/12/16	+12.1	+2.3

01/01/17	+14.3	+1.1
02/01/17	+16.9	+2.6		2 months old. Worn daily
03/01/17	+18.5	+1.8
04/01/17	+18.4	-0.1
05/01/17	+20.7	+2.3
06/01/17	+20.9	+0.2
07/01/17	+21.8	+0.9
08/01/17	+23.3	+1.4
09/01/17	+23.8	+0.5
10/01/17	+24.3	+0.5

Gap in recording....

09/02/17	-5.1	+0.2		3 months old. Worn daily
10/02/17	-6.1	-1.0		Rate decreasing?
11/02/17	-6.3	-0.2
12/02/17	-6.9	-0.6
13/02/17	-7.3	-0.4
14/02/17	-7,3	+0.0
15/02/17	-7.6	-0.2
16/02/17	-7.8	-0.2
17/02/17	-8.5	+0.8
18/02/17	-7.2	+1.8
19/02/17	-7.6	-0.4
20/02/17	-8.5	-1.0
21/02/17	-9.2	-0.6
22/02/17	-10.4	-0.9

24/02/17	-10.0	+0.2
25/02/17	-9.3	+0.7
26/02/17	-8.4	+0.9
27/02/17	-7.4	+1.1
28/02/17	-7.2	+0.2
01/03/17	-7.7	-0.5
02/03/17	-7.6	-0.2		4 months old. Worn daily.
03/03/17	-6.7	+0.9
04/03/17	-8.0	-1.3
05/03/17	-7.4	+0.6
06/03/17	-7.9	-0.6
07/03/17	-7.8	+0.2
08/03/17	-5.7	+2.1
09/03/17	-4.0	+1.7
10/03/17	-4.8	-0.9
11/03/17	-4.2	+0.6
12/03/17	-4.4	-0.2
13/03/17	-5.5	-1.2
14/03/17	-4.5	+1.0
15/03/17	-3.7	+0.8
16/03/17	-3.7	+0.0
17/03/17	-3.9	-0.3
18/03/17	-4.3	-0.3
19/03/17	-3.8	+0.4
20/03/17	-3.0	+0.8
21/03/17	-1.9	+1.1
22/03/19	-1.2	+0.7
23/03/17	-0.8	+0.5
24/03/17	-1.5	-0.8
25/03/17	-0.4	+1.0
26/03/17	-0.6	---		Reset to DST. No rate yet
27/03/17	-1.1	-0.5
28/03/17	-2.4	-1.4
29/03/17	-1.7	+0.7
30/03/17	-4.8	-2.8
31/03/17	-3.9	+0.7
01/04/17	-4.6	-0.7
02/04/17	-4.9	-0.2		5 months old. Worn daily
03/04/17	-4.5	+0.3
04/04/17	-4.0	+0.5
05/04/17	-4.1	-0.1
06/04/17	-4.4	-0.3
07/04/17	-5.1	-0.7
08/04/17	-5.5	-0.4
09/04/17	-6.8	-1.2
10/04/17	-5.5	+1.4
11/04/17	-4.4	+1.0
12/04/17	-3.7	+0.7
13/04/17	-3.7	-0.1
14/04/17	-2.8	+0.9
15/04/17	-4.3	-1.4
16/04/17	-3.7	+0.5
17/04/17	-3.4	+0.4
18/04/17	-4.2	-0.9
19/04/17	-4.2	+0.0
20/04/17	-6.4	-2.1
21/04/17	-6.2	+0.2
22/04/17	-6.9	-0.7
23/04/17	-7.0	-0.1
24/04/17	-7.1	-0.1
25/04/17	-5.9	+1.3
26/04/17	-6.1	-0.2
27/04/17	-5.8	+0.3
28/04/17	-5.0	+0.8
29/04/17	-4.0	+1.0
30/04/17	-1.9	+2.0
01/05/17	-1.9	+0.0
02/05/17	-1.8	+0.1		6 months old. Worn daily

gap in recording

23/05/17	-37.0	-2.0		average over period 26/03/17 -- 23/05/17 = -1/6 s/d

29/05/17	-44.0	-1.0

03/06/17	-49.4	-1.2		7 months old. Worn daily. Time reset to +15s
04/06/17	+14.9	+0.3
05/06/17	+12.4	-2.6
06/06/17	+11.8	-0.6
07/06/17	+10.3	-1.4

gap in recording

26/06/17	-18.3	-2.1		average since 03/06/17 (23 days) = -1.4 s/d

gap in recording

11/08/17	+2.4	-2.9		9 months old. Worn daily
12/08/17	+1.0	-1.2
14/08/17	-4.3	-2.8
16/08/17	-8.4	-2.0
19/08/17	-15.6	-2.5
20/08/17	-18.2	-2.4		Rate decreasing?
21/08/17	-20.3	-2.3
22/08/17	-23.2	-2.9
23/08/17	-25.7	-2.5		Seems consistent < -2 s/d after 9 months daily wear
24/08/17	-28.5	-2.8
25/08/17	-30.7	-2.1
26/08/17	-33.6	-2.9
27/08/17	-42.3	-8.7		not worn for 24 hours. dial up. reset to +39.8s
28/08/17	+36.2	-4.0
29/08/17	+32.4	-3.8
30/08/17	+31.1	-1.3
31/08/17	+27.8	-3.3
01/09/17	+24.5	-3.3
02/09/17	+22.2	-2.5		10 months old. Worn daily
03/09/17	+18.8	-3.2
04/09/17	+17.2	-1.6
05/09/17	+14.6	-2.6
06/09/17	+13.3	-1.3
07/09/17	+9.0	-4.4		Biggest daily error so far.
08/09/17	+6.1	-2.8
09/09/17	+3.8	-2.3
10/09/17	+0.0	-3.6
11/09/17	-1.0	-1.0
12/09/17	-4.0	-3.1		after dial up 24 hours. manual wind 20 turns.
14/09/17	-9.0	-1.1
15/09/17	-11.8	-2.8
16/09/17	-16.3			no rate yet - new period started on new 'phone
17/09/17	-21.1	-3.4
18/09/17	-25.8	-5.2		rate decreasing further?
19/09/17	-29.6	-3.7
20/09/17	-34.1	-4.3
21/09/17	-38.4	-4.3
22/09/17	-41.8	-3.4
23/09/17	-44.8	-2.9
24/09/17	-49.4	-4.4
25/09/17	-55.3	-6.5		biggest daily error so far
26/09/17	-58.6	-3.2
27/09/17	-61.2	-2.6
28/09/17	-64.0	-2.7
29/09/17	-67.5	-3.6		reset to +59.7s
30/09/17	+56.8	-2.8
01/10/17	+52.9	-3.9
02/10/17	+49.6	-3.4		11 months old. Worn daily
03/10/17	+46.4	-3.2
04/10/17	+43.3	-3.1
05/10/17	+40.5	-2.7
06/10/17	+37.6	-3.1
07/10/17	+32.2	-5.6

14/10/17	+8.9	-2.0
15/10/17	+6.4	-3.7
16/10/17	+3.9	-2.6
17/10/17	+0.2	-3.7
18/10/17	+1.6	+1.5		dial down overnight. positive rate!
19/10/17	-1.6	-3.0
20/10/17	-4.3	-2.7
21/10/17	-6.3	-1.9
22/10/17	-7.6	-1.3
23/10/17	-10.4	-3.0
24/10/17	-12.2	-1.9
25/10/17	-12.1	+0.1		dial down overnight
26/10/17	-12.6	-0.5		dial down overnight
27/10/17	-14.1	-1.5		dial down overnight
28/10/17	-14.5	-0.4
29/10/17	-17.9	-3.2		DST ends. Reset to +59.6s
30/10/17	+57.4	-2.4
31/10/17	+55.9	-1.5
01/11/17	+53.7	-1.9
02/11/17	+50.8	-2.9		12 months old. Worn daily. rate now average -2.1 s/d
03/11/17	+48.3	-3.0
04/11/17	+45.1	-3.1
05/11/17	+41.5	-3.5
06/11/17	+37.8	-3.6
07/11/17	+34.3	-3.7		rate dropping below -3 s/d
08/11/17	+30.3	-4.0
09/11/17	+26.6	-3.5
10/11/17	+23.2	-3.7
11/11/17	+22.7	-0.5
12/11/17	+19.9	-2.8
14/11/17	+13.1	-3.4
15/11/17	+9.7	-3.4
16/11/17	+6.2	-3.5
17/11/17	+2.7	-3.5
18/11/17	-0.8	-3.4
19/11/17	-4.6	-3.9
20/11/17	-7.3	-3.0
21/11/17	-9.5	-2.2
22/11/17	-12.2	-2.6
24/11/17	-18.9	-3.4
25/11/17	-21.4	-2.6
26/11/17	-22.8	-1.2
27/11/17	-25.7	-3.0
28/11/17	-27.8	-2.1
29/11/17	-30.6	-2.7
30/11/17	-33.6	-3.3
01/12/17	-36.1	-2.4		reset to ~ +60 s
02/12/17	+55.8	-3.5		13 months old. Worn daily
03/12/17	+54.3	-1.5
04/12/17	+51.1	-3.3
05/12/17	+48.4	-2.7
06/12/17	+45.5	-2.9
07/12/17	+42.0	-3.5
08/12/17	+39.7	-2.2
09/12/17	+34.3	-2.1
11/12/17	+32.4	-2.1
12/12/17	+30.8	-1.6		9-up overnight
13/12/17	+28.9	-1.9		9-up overnight
14/12/17	+27.2	-1.6		9-up overnight
15/12/17	+26.0	-1.3		9-up overnight
16/12/17	+24.8	-1.2		12-up overnight
17/12/17	+24.1	-0.6		12-up overnight
18/12/17	+22.0	-2.3
19/12/17	+20.9	-1.1		__1st attempt to regulate → __
20/12/17	+22.1	+4.0		after regulation and dial-down overnight
21/12/17	+22.5	+0.4		dial-up overnight (usual position)
22/12/17	+22.7	+0.1		regulation seems to have corrected rate error
23/12/17	+22.3	-0.4		time reset to -0.3 s
24/12/17	-0.2	+0.1
25/12/17	-0.1	+0,1
26/12/17	+0.4	+0.5
27/12/17	+0.6	+0.2
28/12/17	+1.6	+1.0
29/12/17	+1.6	+0.0
30/12/17	+5.8	+4.0		dial up for previous afternoon and overnight = fast rate
31/12/17	+0.6	-5.5		6-up for previous afternoon & overnight to slow rate and correct for yesterday
01/01/18	-0.1	-0.6
02/01/18	+1.9	+2.0		14 months old. Regulated once so far (19/12/17). Worn daily
03/01/18	+2.7	+0.9
04/01/18	+3.0	+0.3
05/01/18	+5.2	+2.2
06/01/18	+7.0	+1.6
07/01/18	+7.9	+1.0
08/01/18	+7.1	-0.9		6-up overnight micro-regulation...
09/01/18	+6.7	-0.4		6-up overnight
10/01/18	+6.4	-0.3		6-up overnight
11/01/18	+5.3	-1.0		6-up overnight
12/01/18	+3.1	-2.3		6-up overnight
13/01/18	+4.7	+1.6		back to dial-up overnight
14/01/18	+4.3	-0.4		6-up evening / dial-up overnight
15/01/18	+1.4	-2.7		dial up overnight. strange rate?
16/01/18	-3.0	-4.8		rate dropping again?
17/01/18	-6.2	-3.3		??
18/01/18	-8.8	-2.6		?
19/01/18	-11.0	-2.2
20/01/18	-16.1	-5.1		???
21/01/18	-19.2	-3.0		??
22/01/18	-22.2	-3.7		__regulated later in day to attempt to correct recent -ve rate__
23/01/18	-22.1	+0.8		timegrapher showed odd spells of low amplitude.
24/01/18	-20.5	+1.5
25/01/18	-17.6	+2.8
26/01/18	-16.0	+1.7
27/01/18	-12.2	+3.5
28/01/18	-8.7	+3.5		going +ve now!!
29/01/18	-8.0	+0.7
30/01/18	-4.5	+3.5
31/01/18	-6.6	-2.0		6-up overnight
01/02/18	-4.3	+2.4
02/02/18	-2.5	+1.8		15 months old. Regulated twice now (19/12/17 and 22/01/18)
03/02/18	-4.5	-2.3		3-up overnight
04/02/18	-3.2	+1.3
05/02/18	-1.0	+2.4
06/02/18	-2.2	-1.3
07/02/18	-1.2	+0.9
08/02/18	+3.0	+4.2
09/02/18	+2.6	-0.4
10/02/18	+4.4	+1.7
11/02/18	-17.0	-19.5		6-up from 4pm yesterday & overnight. big loss in this position
12/02/18	-14.5	+2.8
13/02/18	-12.4	+2.1
14/02/18	-13.1	-0.7
15/02/18	-11.4	+1.7
16/02/18	-12.2	-0.7		seems to be getting more variable over time.
17/02/18	-9.7	+2.3
18/02/18	-14.2	-4.4		dial up from yesterday afternoon. power low?
19/02/18	-15.2	-1.0		dial up from 1600 previous day until 0800
20/02/18	-12.6	+2.8
21/02/18	-12.6	+0.0
22/02/18	-6.9	+5.4		rate increasing now!!?
23/02/18	-2.1	+5.3
24/02/18	+3.3	+5.0
25/02/18	+7.8	+4.6
26/02/18	+13.5	+5.7
27/02/18	+19.6	+6.2
28/02/18	+25.2	+5.7
01/03/18	+33.6	+8.3		?! reset to -1.1s
02/03/18	+4.7	+5.9		16 months old. Worn daily. rate more variable and increasing?
03/03/18	+12.1	+6.9
04/03/18	+18.3	+6.5
05/03/18	+24.1	+5.8
06/03/18	+31.9	+8.1
07/03/18	+37.2	+5.4
08/03/18	+44.6	+6.9		__Regulated for 3rd time__ to reduce rate.
09/03/18	+44.4	-0.1
10/03/18	+42.8	-1.6		too far?
11/03/18	+41.9	-0.9
12/03/18	+38.2	-3.8		worn 24/7
13/03/18	+36.0	-2.3
14/03/18	+34.1	-1.8
15/03/18	+32.9	-1.2
16/03/18	+30.5	-2.6
17/03/18	+27.7	-2.8
18/03/18	+25.2	-2.3
19/03/18	+22.8	-2.5
20/02/18	+19.3	-3.4
21/03/18	+18.4	-0.9
22/03/18	+17.7	-0.7
23/03/18	+13.8	-4.1		__regulated for 4th time__ to increase rate
24/03/18	+13.2	-0.5
25/03/18	+12.6	-0.6		reset to DST. -0.7s
26/03/18	+0.3	+1.2
27/03/18	+0.5	+0.2
28/03/18	+0.7	+0.1
29/03/18	+1.8	+1.0
30/03/18	+1.2	-0.6
31/03/18	+3.0	+1.8
01/04/18	+5.2	+2.1
02/04/18	+5.1	-0.1		17 months old. Worn daily. 
03/04/18	+5.1	+0.0
04/04/18	+4.9	-0.3
05/04/18	+4.7	-0.2
06/04/18	+4.6	-0.1
07/04/18	+4.2	-0.3
08/04/18	+3.0	-1.2
09/04/18	+3.5	+0.4
10/04/18	+2.8	-0.6
11/04/18	+1.9	-1.0
12/04/18	+1.7	-0.2
14/04/18	-1.6	-1.6
15/04/18	-2.1	-0.5
16/04/18	-2.6	-0.5
17/04/18	-3.4	-0.9
18/04/18	-3.9	-0.5
19/04/18	-8.3	-4.2		??!
20/04/18	-8.5	-0.2
21/04/18	-8.4	+0.1
22/04/18	-8.4	+0.0
23/04/18	-9.1	-0.7
24/04/18	-9.8	-0.7
25/04/18	-10.9	-1.1
26/04/18	-10.7	+0.2
28/04/18	-11.1	-0.2
29/04/18	-11.6	-0.5
01/05/18	-12.0	-1.1
07/05/18	-17.8	-2.0		time reset. 18 months old.
08/05/18	-1.5	-1.0

Big break for heart attack and recovery.....

17/07/18	-12.7	-6.7		first day back after 2 month break. 20 months old
18/07/18	-15.0	-2.5
19/07/18	-18.2	-3.3
20/07/18	-24.3	-6.0		???!
21/07/18	-27.2	-2.5
22/07/18	-27.9	-0.8
23/07/18	-29.9	-2.1		variable day to day?
24/07/18	-33.2	-3.3
25/07/18	-24.8	-1.5
26/07/18	-37.2	-2.5
27/07/18	-38.8	-1.5
28/07/18	-40.9	-2.2
29/07/18	-42.9	-1.9
30/07/18	-47.9	-5.4
31/07/18	-49.1	-1.2
01/08/18	-51.2	-2.0
02/08/18	-52.5	-1.4		21 months old.
03/08/18	-54.9	-2.3		time reset to +28.5
04/08/18	+27.4	-1.1
05/08/18	+26.2	-1.1
06/08/18	+17.0	-9.8		???!!!
07/08/18	+14.9	-2.0
08/08/18	+12.6	-2.4
09/08/18	+10.5	-2.0
10/08/18	+9.1	-1.4
11/08/18	+6.2	-3.0
12/08/18	+9.7	+3.1		dial down overnight
13/08/18	+9.1	-0.7
14/08/18	+10.3	+1.1		dial down overnight
15/08/18	+12.4	+2.1		dial down overnight
16/08/18	+12.6	+0.2		dial down overnight
17/08/18	+12.4	-0.2		dial down overnight
18/08/18	+12.4	+0.0		dial down overnight
19/08/18	+9.1	-3.3		dial down overnight ???
20/08/18	+8.1	-1.1		dial down overnight
21/08/18	+5.5	-2.6		dial down overnight ?? slowing??
22/08/18	+6.0	+0.5		dial down overnight
23/08/18	+4.3	-1.6		dial down overnight
24/08/18	+2.6	-1.7		12-up overnight
25/08/18	+0.5	-2.0		dial up overnight (usual position)
26/08/18	-1.1	-1.6
27/08/18	-1.2	-0.1
28/08/18	-3.6	-2.4
29/08/18	-5.7	-2.1
30/08/18	-36.3	-31.4		????? Massive loss in one day!!! Rate and amplitude errors v. bad on Timegrapher.

Put aside until October 2019!!

Tested and worn.... no obvious problems. Still suspicious of winding/power issues.

31/10/19	-2.2	-3.3
01/11/19	-4.2	-2.0
02/11/19	-6.7	-2.3		2 years old. 13 months un-wound after observed problems Aug 2018.
03/11/19	-7.5	-0.8		dial down overnight
04/11/19	-8.5	-1.0		dial down overnight
05/11/19	Power reserve test in progress....
06/11/19	-3.6			new period after power reserve test (33:52 running time off-wrist)
07/11/19	-6.1	-2.6
08/11/19	-7.5	-1.6		dial down overnight
09/11/19	-9.5	-1.7		dial down overnight
10/11/19	-11.9	-2.4		dial down overnight
11/11/19	-14.1	-2.3		dial up overnight. Low amp. observed during the previous day?
12/11/19	-16.2	-2.2		Overnight on winder. Low amp. observed during the previous day
13/11/19	-18.6	-2.3		overnight on winder. being consistent day → day despite amplitude concerns.
14/11/19	-21.0	-2.3		overnight on winder.

New period - fault re-appearing

14/11/19	-32.6	-44.9 		(21:04:32) on winder for previous hour. 2 seconds lost.    	      
15/11/19	-45.2	-19.5  		(17:36:45) on TG since 06:30.... variable amp. & poor rate

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, damasko

Damasko DA36 Measurements (2019)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Damasko DA36

Damasko DA36 Measurements (2019)

Created Friday 08 November 2019

8 November 2019

	08/11/19 : 06:15
	Dial up : 254° : -1
	Dial dn : 261° : +4
	6H	: 243° : -6
	3H	: 237° : -1
	9H	: 222° : -6
	12H	: 226° : 0
	D 	: -5
	Mean	: 241° : -1.6

	08/11/19 : 12:45
	Dial up : 284° : 0
	Dial dn : 281° : +1
	6H	: 266° : -3	
	3H	: 263° : 0
	9H	: 259° : -1
	12H	: 266° : +3
	D 	: -3
	Mean	: 270° : 0

	08/11/19 : 23:20
	Dial up : 280° : -2
	Dial dn : 277° : 0
	6H	: 260° : -3	
	3H	: 261° : 0
	9H	: 254° : -2
	12H	: 259° : +3
	D 	: -1
	Mean	: 265° : 0

9th November 2019

09/11/19 : 06:50
Dial up : 256° : +1
Dial dn : 254° : +3
6H	: 230° : -7	
3H	: 227° : -4
9H	: 234° : -2
12H	: 227° : +1
D 	: -8
Mean	: 238° : -1.3

09/11/19 : 13:10
Dial up : 281° : 0
Dial dn : 282° : 0
6H	: 264° : -4	
3H	: 263° : 0
9H	: 268° : 0
12H	: 260° : +3
D 	: -4
Mean	: 270° : -0.2

09/11/19 : 23:00
Dial up : 286° : -2
Dial dn : 280° : 0
6H	: 260° : -6	
3H	: 256° : -2
9H	: 272° : 0
12H	: 263° : +1
D 	: -4
Mean	: 270° : -1.5

10th November 2019

10/11/19 : 07:05
Dial up : 251° : 0
Dial dn : 246° : +1
6H	: 232° : -8	
3H	: 220° : -8
9H	: 230° : -3
12H	: 230° : 0
D 	: -8
Mean	: 236° : -3

10/11/19 : 14:20	
Dial up : 256° : -4
Dial dn : 248° : -5
6H	: 233° : -13	
3H	: 228° : -6
9H	: 227° : -8
12H	: 226° : -5
D 	: -9
Mean	: 236° : -6.8

Wound manually 40 turns:

Dial up	: 238°	: -5
Dial dn	: 234°	: -6
6H	: 225° 	: -14

Amplitude still low…..

Wound manually > 100 turns:

	
Dial up : 263° : -1
Dial dn : 264° : 0
6H	: 244° : -9	
3H	: 245° : -3
9H	: 256° : -2
12H	: 249° : 0
D 	: -8
Mean	: 253° : -5.0

Rate improved but amplitude still low - can't achieve “full wind power”?

10/11/19 : 16:30
Dial up : 274° : 0
Dial dn : 259° : 0
6H	: 238° : -9	
3H	: 250° : -2
9H	: 245° : -3
12H	: 242° : 0
D 	: -9
Mean	: 251° : -2.3

Back to on-wrist for further observations @ 16:50

Amplitude vs position vs mean rate error

	Date     	Time		Du	Dd	6h	3h	9h	12h	Av	M	
	============================================================================================
	08/11/19	06:15		254	261	243	237	222	226	241	-1.6
	08/11/19	12:45		284	281	266	263	259	266	270	+0.0
	08/11/19	23:20		280	277	260	261	254	259	265	+0.0

	09/11/19	06:50		256	254	230	227	234	227	238	-1.3
	09/11/19	13:10		281	282	264	263	268	260	270	-0.2
	09/11/19	23:00		286	280	260	256	272	263	270	-1.5
	
	10/11/19	07:05		251	246	232	220	230	230	236	-3.0
	10/11/19	14:20		256	248	233	228	227	226	236	-6.8 !!!!!
	10/11/19	16:30		274	259	238	250	245	242	251	-2.3
	10/11/19	17:30		286	281	265	268	259	263	270	-1.
	10/11/19	19:10		259	269	248	249	260	253	256	-1.8
	10/11/19	21:00		293	284	264	260	266	267	272	-2.5
	10/11/19	23:00		270	277	266	250	261	252	262	-3.0

Over to Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

Dial-Up Amplitude & Rate

Date		Time	Amp.	Rate
=====================================
08/11/19	06:15	254	-1
08/11/19	12:45	284	0	
08/11/19	15:40	281	0
08/11/19	17:00	272	0
08/11/19	23:20	280	-2

09/11/19	06:50	256	+1
09/11/19	10:40	270	-1
09/11/19	13:10	281	0
09/11/19	20:30	288	-1
09/11/19	23:00	286	-2

10/11/19	07:05	251	0
10/11/19	10:10	267	-3
10/11/19	14:20	256	-4 !!! Low amplitude all positions after several hours on wrist.

Goto Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

Watchcheck measurements

Android Watchcheck (one per day to show overall rate):

Date		Time	Δ(s)	Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
=======================================================================================

08/11/19	06:24	-7.7	-1.6		-2.0		overnight dial down
09/11/19	07:04	-9.5	-1.7		-1.9		overnight dial down
10/11/19	07:02	-11.9	-2.4		-2.1		overnight dial down
11/11/19	06:25	-14.1	-2.3		-2.1		overnight dial up


Python Watchcheck (2 per day to show difference between on-wrist and resting position):

dd/mm/yyyy HH:MM:SS	Δ(s)        Error(s/d)       Ave(s/d)	Comment
===================================================================

08/11/2019 06:25:07     -7.8            +3.6            -1.3	Nighttime dial down = positive
08/11/2019 23:19:10     -10.3           -3.6            -2.0 	daytime on wrist = negative
09/11/2019 07:05:09     -9.5            +2.6            -1.4	Nighttime dial down = positive
09/11/2019 23:05:12     -12.6           -4.8            -2.1	Daytime on wrist = negative
10/11/2019 07:03:11     -11.6           +3.1            -1.6	Nighttime dial down = positive
10/11/2019 23:10:14     -14.2           -3.8            -2.0 	Daytime worn = negative
11/11/2019 06:23:14     -14.1           +0.1            -1.8 	Dial Up overnight. Zero

@watches

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

damasko, watch

Damasko DA36 Repair (2019)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Damasko DA36

Damasko DA36 Repair (2019)

Created Monday 18 November 2019

15/11/19

Sent an email asking for advice on having the watch repaired on 15/11/19 :

Good morning,

I bought a DA36 in October 2016, direct from Damasko and I have been very pleased with it and it has been very reliable, keeping good time over the last 3 years.

The serial number is DA36.1981

Recently I have noticed that it randomly loses a up to one minute in a single day, when most of the time it keeps to within ± 2 seconds per day.

On these occasions I have observed the watch using a Timegrapher machine, and I see that the displayed rate can be as low as -240 s/d and the displayed amplitude can be as low as 126 degrees. These periods of poor performance occur randomly and do not appear to be related to any physical activity etc. Often the watch returns to normal behaviour after a few hours. I now feel that I cannot rely on the watch to be reliable in normal use.

Can I arrange for the watch to be repaired or serviced to return it to it's previous excellent and reliable performance?

Since I bought the watch direct from Damasko I am happy to return it to yourselves for the repair.

Please advise me on how to proceed.

Best wishes,

John Pumford-Green

18/11/19

Nadja Damasko replied to my email:

Dear Mr Pumford-Green

Thank you for your enquiry and your interest in returning the watch to us. Please return the watch to:

Damasko GmbH c/o Repair Department Unterheising 17c 93092 Barbing Germany

Please send us BEFORE you return the watch, the following documents/information:

-your serial number -your copy of invoice and warranty card -your exactly delivery and invoice address -your phone number

Moreover, please inform us when your returned the watch. After we received it, we will inform you and later, we come back to you with an exactly cost estimate. If you have any further questions, please let me know it.

Please note: If your watch is not under warranty and/or you decide not to carry out the repair, we have to charge you €25.21 net for the expenses incurred. Bitte beachten Sie: Falls Ihre Uhr nicht unter Gewährleistung fällt und / oder Sie die Reparatur nicht durchführen lassen sollten, behalten wir uns vor, für den entstandenen Aufwand €25.21 netto zu berechnen.

Mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best regards

Nadja Zacherl

(geb. Damasko / née Damasko)

I sent back by email scans of the invoice and "Watch Passport" front page, as well as the other information she requested.

Dear Nadja,

Thank you for your email and instructions for sending the watch back for repair.

Attached are scans of the invoice and Passport/warranty page.

The serial Number is : DA36.1981

I am returning the watch on a leather strap, rather than send back the steel bracelet.

My address for invoice/delivery is:

''my address''

My phone number is: my phone number

I will include the above information with the watch, too, along with a description of the problem.

I will send the watch today and will confirm the shipping details by email once I have sent it.

I look forward to hearing from you when the watch arrives and you can provide a quote for the cost of the repair.

Best regards,

John

update 18/11/19 18:00

posted via Royal Mail at Lerwick Main PO at 1:40pm

Tracking : RS229341324GB

Unable to insure adequately - Royal Mail only up to £250, Parcel Force won't insure “jewellery and watches”.

Sent using International Tracked and Signed (£12.05)

Informed Nadja of sending, and the Tracking Number.

https://www.royalmail.com/track-your-item#/tracking-results/RS229341324GB

update 23/11/19

The DA36 arrived at Damasko's Barbing factory yesterday (Fri 22nd).

Email from Isabella:

Dear Mr Pumford-Green

Today we have received your DAMASKO DA36.1981.

It will be checked by our watchmaker now. After we have a feedback we will inform you about necessary repairs.

Please note: If your watch is not under warranty and/or you decide not to carry out the repair, we have to charge you €25.21 net for the expenses incurred.

Bitte beachten Sie: Falls Ihre Uhr nicht unter Gewährleistung fällt und / oder Sie die Reparatur nicht durchführen lassen sollten, behalten wir uns vor, für den entstandenen Aufwand €25.21 netto zu berechnen.

Mit freundlichen Grüßen / Best regards

Isabella Morell

Now to await the verdict….

Update 2/12/19

Email from Isabella:

Dear Mr Pumford-Green

Thank you for sending us your DAMASKO DA36.1981.

After checking it our watchmaker told us that there is many abrasion in the movement.

In the following I may offer you the following cost estimate:

Cleaning, and oiling the escapement

Regulate DA36.1981 €120

Shipping costs UK €50

Total amount €170

The named prices are without VAT.

Please let me know, if we can go ahead with your watch.

Reply from me:

Hello Isabella,

Thank you for the information.

I would be very happy for the repair to go ahead.

I can pay in advance by PayPal or would you prefer to complete the repair before payment, in case of additional expenses that might be necessary?

Regards,

John

Reply from Isabella:

Thank you for your quick reply.

I would send you the invoice for payment by PayPal when I get the watch back by our watchmaker. May I know which invoice and delivery address I can use?

Now to wait for the repair to be complete.

What is “many abrasion” in the escapement - did I do it while regulating - introducing some foreign bodies, dirt/dust? Will not do any further regulation once I get it back, and just have it serviced every few years…. I can put up with a few seconds/day here and there, as long as it's not > ± 10s/d

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

damasko, watch

Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Damasko DA36

Damasko DA36 Tests 2 (2019)

Created Sunday 10 November 2019

Day 1 : Sunday 10 Nov 2019

Low amplitude and poor rate

	10/11/19 : 14:20	
	Dial up 	: 256° : -4
	Dial dn 	: 248° : -5
	6H		: 233° : -13	
	3H		: 228° : -6
	9H		: 227° : -8
	12H		: 226° : -5
	D 		: -9
	Mean		: 236° : -6.8

Wound manually > 100 turns. No immediate improvement →

	Dial up 	: 263° : -1
	Dial dn 	: 264° : 0
	6H		: 244° : -9	
	3H		: 245° : -3
	9H		: 256° : -2
	12H		: 249° : 0
	D 		: -8
	Mean		: 253° : -5.0

Left dial-up for ≥ 1 hour…. ↓ partial recovery?

	10/11/19 : 16:30
	Dial up 	: 274° : 0
	Dial dn 	: 259° : 0
	6H		: 238° : -9	
	3H		: 250° : -2
	9H		: 245° : -3
	12H		: 242° : 0
	D 		: -9
	Mean		: 251° : -2.3

Back on wrist @ 17:00 → Full recovery? Due to hand-winding feeding power through after an hour or so? ↓

	10/11/19 : 17:30
	Dial up 	: 286° : -2
	Dial dn 	: 281° : 0
	6H		: 265° : -4	
	3H		: 268° : 0
	9H		: 259° : -2
	12H		: 263° : 0
	D 		: -2
	Mean		: 270° : -1.0

Amplitude down again! ↓

	10/11/19 : 19:10
	Dial up 	: 259° : -2 
	Dial dn 	: 269° : 0
	6H		: 248° : -7	
	3H		: 249° : -2
	9H		: 260° : 0
	12H		: 253° : 0
	D 		: -5
	Mean		: 256° : -1.8

	10/11/19 : 21:00
	Dial up 	: 293° : -2 
	Dial dn 	: 284° : -1
	6H		: 264° : -8	
	3H		: 260° : -2
	9H		: 266° : -3
	12H		: 267° : +1
	D 		: -6
	Mean		: 272° : -2.5
	
	10/11/19 : 23:00
	Dial up 	: 270° : -3 
	Dial dn 	: 277° : 0
	6H		: 266° : -8	
	3H		: 250° : -2
	9H		: 261° : -5
	12H		: 252° : 0
	D 		: -5
	Mean		: 262° : -3

Day 2 : Monday 11 Nov. 2019

	11/11/19 : 06:15
	Dial up 	: 249° : 0 
	Dial dn 	: 256° : +3
	6H		: 234° : -7	
	3H		: 231° : -3
	9H		: 221° : -6
	12H		: 224° : -1
	D 		: -7
	Mean		: 236° : -2.3
	
	11/11/19 : 09:00
	Dial up 	: 286° : -1
	Dial dn 	: 296° : +2
	6H		: 271° : -5	
	3H		: 278° : +1
	9H		: 266° : -1
	12H		: 281° : +3
	D 		: -4
	Mean		: 280° : -0.2
	
	11/11/19 : 19:00
	Dial up 	: 271° : -2
	Dial dn 	: 282° : 0
	6H		: 262° : -5	
	3H		: 265° : -2
	9H		: 264° : -3
	12H		: 260° : +1
	D 		: -3
	Mean		: 267° : -1.8		
	
	11/11/19 : 22:35
	Dial up 	: 265° : -2
	Dial dn 	: 267° : -1
	6H		: 249° : -6	
	3H		: 257° : -2
	9H		: 259° : -3
	12H		: 251° : -1
	D 		: -4
	Mean		: 258° : -2.5
	
* overnight on winder 23:00 → 05:45

Day 3 : Tuesday 12 Nov 2019

after overnight on Watchwinder

	12/11/19 : 05:45
	Dial up 	: 280° : +4
	Dial dn 	: 288° : +4
	6H		: 264° : -3	
	3H		: 261° : +1
	9H		: 264° : +1
	12H		: 267° : +5
	D 		: -7
	Mean		: 271° : +2.0

	12/11/19 : 08:00		
	Dial up 	: 280° : -1
	Dial dn 	: 292° : +1
	6H		: 260° : -4	
	3H		: 263° : 0
	9H		: 273° : -2
	12H		: 263° : +1
	D 		: -3
	Mean		: 272° : -0.8
	
	12/11/19 : 18:15
	Dial up 	: 282° : -3
	Dial dn 	: 271° : -3
	6H		: 255° : -9	
	3H		: 261° : -2
	9H		: 250° : -6
	12H		: 265° : +1
	D 		: -6
	Mean		: 264° : -3.6
	
	12/11/19 : 22:50
	Dial up 	: 274° : -2
	Dial dn 	: 264° : -3
	6H		: 258° : -9	
	3H		: 260° : -3
	9H		: 263° : -4
	12H		: 262° : 0
	D 		: -6
	Mean		: 264° : -3.3

Day 4 : Wednesday 13 Nov 2019

	13/11/19 : 05:45
	Dial up 	: 290° : +3
	Dial dn 	: 288° : +4
	6H		: 266° : -2	
	3H		: 273° : +2
	9H		: 269° : 0
	12H		: 282° : +4
	D 		: -5
	Mean		: 278° : +1.8
	
	13/11/19 : 10:45
	Dial up 	: 280° : 0
	Dial dn 	: 283° : +1
	6H		: 260° : -4	
	3H		: 272° : +2
	9H		: 275° : 0
	12H		: 258° : +5
	D 		: -4
	Mean		: 271° : +0.7
	
	13/11/19 : 23:35
	Dial up 	: 290° : -2
	Dial dn 	: 287° : 0
	6H		: 256° : -7	
	3H		: 271° : 0
	9H		: 267° : -2
	12H		: 265° : +1
	D 		: -5
	Mean		: 273° : -1.6

Day 5 : Thursday 14 Nov 2019

	14/11/19 : 06:20
	Dial up 	: 293° : +2
	Dial dn 	: 287° : +5
	6H		: 260° : -3	
	3H		: 269° : +2
	9H		: 271° : 0
	12H		: 269° : +5
	D 		: -5
	Mean		: 275° : +1.8

	14/11/19 : 09:55
	Dial up 	: 282° : -2
	Dial dn 	: 286° : 0
	6H		: 274° : -4	
	3H		: 276° : +1
	9H		: 269° : 0
	12H		: 271° : +1
	D 		: -2
	Mean		: 276° : -0.7
	
	__14/11/19 : 18:25__
	__Dial up 	: 238° : -7__
	__Dial dn 	: 258° : -4__
	__6H		: 227° : -17	__
	__3H		: 240° : -9__
	__9H		: 229° : -11__
	__12H		: 250° : 0__
	__D 		: -10__
	__Mean		: 240° : -8.0__
	
	**ON WINDER 20:00** : no pause cycle — 2 mins CW / 2 mins CCW @ ~11rpm
	
	14/11/19 : 20:20
	__Dial up		: 197	: -40__
	__Dial dn		: 205	: -30__
	__6H		: 192	: -45__

	14/11/19 : 20:30
	__Dial up		: 126	: -243__
	__Dial dn		: 190	: -58__
	__6H		: 164	: -95__
	
	14/11/19 : 21:00
	__Dial up		: 174	: -75__
	__Dial dn		: 166	: -89__
	__6H		: 164	: -87__
	
	__15/11/19 : 06:15__
	__Dial up 	: 198° : -32__
	__Dial dn 	: 236° : -7__
	__6H		: 218° : -23	__
	__3H		: 216° : -16__
	__9H		: 218° : -17__
	__12H		: 208° : -21__
	__D 		: +9__
	__Mean		: 216° : -19__

Amplitude vs position vs mean rate error (M)

Average Amplitude < 270 = MARKED IN YELLOW

Date     	Time		Du(°)	Dd(°)	6H(°)	3H(°)	9H(°)	12H(°)	Av(°)	M(s/d)	Comment
==================================================================================================
10/11/19	14:20		__256	248	233	228	227	226	236	-6.8__
10/11/19	16:30		__274	259	238	250	245	242	251	-2.3	Low in all posns.__
10/11/19	17:30		286	281	265	268	259	263	270	-1.0	Recovered?
10/11/19	19:10		__259	269	248	249	260	253	256	-1.8	Low again__
10/11/19	21:00		293	284	264	260	266	267	272	-2.5	Recovered?
10/11/19	23:00		__270	277	266	250	261	252	262	-3.0	Low again__

11/11/19	06:15		__249	256	234	231	221	224	236	-2.3	Morning.__
11/11/19	09:00		286	296	271	278	266	281	280	-0.2	Good
11/11/19	19:00		__271	282	262	265	264	260	267	-1.8	marginal__
11/11/19	22:35		__265	267	249	257	259	251	258	-2.5	low again__.

12/11/19	05:45		280	288	264	261	264	267	271	+2.0	good after night on winder
12/11/19	08:00		280	292	260	263	273	263	272	-0.8
12/11/19	18:15		__282	271	255	261	250	265	264	-3.6	marginal, rate low__
12/11/19	22:50		__274	264	258	260	263	262	264	-3.3__		
	
13/11/19	05:45		290	288	266	273	269	282	278	+1.8	good after night on winder
13/11/19	10:45		280	283	260	272	275	258	271	+0.7		
13/11/19	23:35		290	287	256	271	267	265	273	-1.6
			
14/11/19	06:20		293	287	260	269	271	269	275	+1.8
14/11/19	09:55		282	286	274	276	269	271	276	-0.7
		
14/11/19	18:25		__238	258	227	240	229	250	240	-8.0	Very poor! Then much worse....__
14/11/19	20:20		__197	205	192				198	-38__
14/11/19	20:30		__126	190	164				193	!!!__
14/11/19	21:00		__174	166	164				168	-84__
		
15/11/19	06:15		__198	236	218	216	218	208	216	-19	Still poor after night on winder.__

Watchcheck Data

	
	**Python **Watchcheck = morning & evening to observe difference between worn & resting rates
	
	dd/mm/yyyy HH:MM:SS	Δntp(s)        Error(s/d)       Ave(s/d)	Comment
	================================================================================================		15/11/2019 00:08:34     -34.9           -8.0            -25.2
	10/11/2019 23:10:14     -14.2           -3.8            -2.0 	Worn, daytime. Negative
	
	11/11/2019 06:23:14     -14.1           +0.1            -1.8 	Overnight dial up. Zero
	11/11/2019 22:46:16     -16.8		-4.0            -2.1	low amplitude most of the day
	**11/11/19 : on **Winder ** 23:00 → 05:45**	
	
	12/11/2019 05:55:16     -16.5           +1.2            -1.9	overnight on winder.
	12/11/2019 22:46:19     -19.1           -3.7            -2.1	
	**12/11/19 : on Winder 23:00 → 05:45 **
	
	13/11/2019 05:53:18     -18.5           +2.0            -1.9 	overnight on winder.
	13/11/2019 23:34:21     -21.3           -3.8            -2.1
	**13/11/19 : on Winder 23:45 → 06:20 **	
					
	14/11/2019 06:28:21     -21.0           +0.8            -2.0	overnight on winder
	
	**14/11/19 : New period started. Time reset at 20:01 after amplitude went haywire and rate -200....-40.... etc...:**
	
	
	dd/mm/yyyy HH:MM:SS	Δntp(s)        Error(s/d)       Ave(s/d)	Comment
	================================================================================================
	14/11/2019 20:01:30	-30.6					New Period at 21:01:30.
	14/11/2019 21:04:32     -32.6           -44.9           -44.9 	on winder for previous hour. 2 seconds lost.
	14/11/2019 21:30:33     -33.8           -67.5           -51.5	dial up for 1/2 hour, 1.2 seconds lost.
	14/11/2019 22:01:34     -34.2           -17.4           -42.7	dial up for 1/2 hour
	14/11/2019 22:30:34     -34.4           -11.1           -36.6	recovering??
	15/11/2019 00:08:34     -34.9           -8.0            -25.2	still improving!?
	15/11/2019 06:28:36     -36.2           -4.6            -12.7 	better after night on winder!?
	15/11/2019 17:36:45     -45.2           -19.5           -16.2 	on TG since 06:30.... variable amp. & poor rate.
	
	
	
	**Android **[[DA36DailyRates|Watchcheck]] = morning to observe overall rate	
	
	Date		Time	Δntp(s)		Error(s/d)	Ave(s/d)	Comment
	=======================================================================================
	11/11/19	06:25	-14.1		-2.3		-2.1		Overnight dial up
	12/11/19	05:56	-16.2		-2.2		-2.1		low amplitude most of previous day, overnight on winder
	13/11/19	05:52	-18.6		-2.3		-2.2		overnight on winder. being consistent day → day @ -2.3!
	14/11/19	06:29	-21.0		-2.3		-2.2		overnight on winder.

	15/11/19	06:30	-36.3						NEW PERIOD after reset last evening.

Power test prior to returning to Damasko for repair/service

Dial-Up on Timegrapher 06:15

	Date		Time	Amp	TGRate	Run-time	Comment
	
	== ========================================================================== ==
	
	15/11/19	06:15	198	-32	00:00		Off the winder and test begun	
	15/11/19	06:45	246	-9	00:30		Amp. improving when stationary Dial-Up on Timegrapher
	__16/11/19	07:27	STOPPED				25:12 run time. poor (c.f. spec 38 hours and previous test 33 hours)__
			__This confirms power/amplitude/rate problem. __
	__To be sent back to Damasko 18/11/19__

Damasko DA36 Repair (2019)

Page Updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

damasko, watch

Damasko DA36

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watches

Damasko DA36

Bought Date	25/10/2016
Bought From	Damasko, Germany
Price	€1796
Movement	ETA2836-2 : 25 Jewels, Automatic, Day/Date, 28,800vph
Serial Number	DA36-1981
Anti-magnetic	80,000A/m,1000 Gauss
Water Resistance	100m
Strap	Damasko Steel Bracelet

The DA36

I see this watch as a modern version of Rolex's Milgauss - tough with the same level of Magnetic Resistance as the original Milgauss (1000 Gauss). The original anti-magnetic engineer's watch from Rolex wasn't the multi-thousands-of-pounds bauble they sell today.

Originally Rolex produced relatively expensive, but still affordable, tool-watches.

Unlike the Veblen Goods they churn out today.

Damasko's original and iconic watch, the DA36, is something akin to an early Rolex. Not cheap, but also not ridiculously over-priced. It has no obvious external frills, but has plenty of technology inside to justify the price and to add functional value.

I often ponder whether I'd buy a Milgauss if I could afford the £7000+ price tag. And now I've lived with the DA36 for almost 6 years I don't know that I would. My watch is now my watch. Why swap for another expensive toy?

Damasko have recently re-configured their range of watches and dropped the DA36, and most of the others from their early years of production, as they move upwards, into making higher price watches with in-house movements, rather than using off-the-shelf ETA units.

I'd love a DA36 to appear with the in-house movement, but I don't know that this is going to happen.

UPDATE — John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 17:45

The DA36 has now reappeared - as the DK36 with the new in-house A26-3 movement.

DK36 at Damasko

My watch developed a fault after a couple of years but this was easily repaired by Damasko. I might have introduced the fault myself after opening it up a few times to regulate it - perhaps I let in some dirt that found its way to the escapement and caused some abrasion?

I don't know.

It's now working perfectly well after 2½ years of continuous daily wear. I only take it off to have a bath/shower and (usually) to sleep, and very rarely if I need to squeeze my left hand into a tight space when working on cars, Land Rovers or transmitters. I don't think I've let it run down since the repair in December 2019.

The Milgauss

A modern Milgauss for comparison. There's not a lot of aesthetic similarity, the modern Milgauss is quite gaudy, with its green sapphire crystal and shiny dial.

The 1960's version ref. 1019 (not the original submariner style with a timing bezel) looks more workmanlike and is the one I'd go for if I had the money. When I last looked a birth year 1966 Milgauss fetches around £22,000…. so I'll stick with my DA36 and let it age with me.

The Damasko Steel Bracelet

The DA36 was bought with the Damasko steel bracelet and initially I was happy with it.

It is super-engineered. Each link, of ice hardened bead-blasted steel to match the watch's case, is fixed with strong torx secured pivot pins. The whole bracelet can be dismantled for cleaning. It's very strong, very well designed and very well made.

After time though the lack of adjustment (even with the two supplied “long” links) meant it became difficult to find a good comfortable fit.

The DA36 was then worn mostly on the Damasko leather strap or a variety of NATO straps, including some elastic MN types, which are certainly very comfortable.

The steel bracelet was sold in 2017, to someone in the USA, after I decided I couldn't get on with it.

Following the appearance of the rate-error fault in 2018, I switched to my Seiko SKX007 on a Strapcode Oyster steel bracelet, and liked it so much I decided to buy another Damasko steel bracelet for the DA36, and to request a set of additional adjustment links to allow more variation in size. The longer links can be bought in sets of 2 pairs, which along with the 2 pairs that come with the bracelet, allow a smooth adjustment in tiny steps, almost matching the difference made by adding or removing a normal link.

The new bracelet and links were bought in November 2019.

This allowed the use of up to 5 ¹⁾ adjustment links to step smoothly between the jump in one normal link. A good fit was obtained with 3 or 4 added long links. After some time I found I could wear the bracelet with no adjustment links, my wrist settled to a size that suited a whole number of normal links, but I have the option of a good range of adjustment, if things should change in future.

I occasionally put a NATO strap on, but it rarely stays for more than a day or two before the pull of the super-strong super-engineered bracelet wins out.

[✓ John Pumford-Green, 2025-03-09] ~~add some photos of the DA36~~

Watch-u-seek threads

A Year On the Wrist

Damasko Pics.....

History

Bought : 25/10/16 Arrived : 2/11/16

Initial Rate Tests

First 20 Days : Δ +11.4s -> +0.6s/d

Watchcheck data etc ....

Month	Δ / s	Average Rate s/d
Nov 2016	+19.2	+0.7
Dec 2016	+28.0	+1.2
Jan 2017	+50.2	+1.4
Feb 2017	+7.4	+0.2
Mar 2017	+6.9	+0.3
Apr 2017	-1.3	0.0
May 2017	-47.4	-1.4
Jun 2017	-43.4	-1.6
Jul 2017	-79.4	-2.6
Aug 2017	-84.3	-2.7
Sep 2017	-67.5	-3.9

First Regulation after 12 months

18/12/17	+22.0	-2.3
19/12/17	+20.9	-1.1		__1st attempt to regulate → __
20/12/17	+22.1	+4.0		after regulation and dial-down overnight
21/12/17	+22.5	+0.4		dial-up overnight (usual position)
22/12/17	+22.7	+0.1		regulation seems to have corrected rate error
23/12/17	+22.3	-0.4		time reset to -0.3 s

Second Regulation

19/01/18	-11.0	-2.2
20/01/18	-16.1	-5.1		???
21/01/18	-19.2	-3.0		??
22/01/18	-22.2	-3.7		regulated later in day to attempt to correct recent -ve rate
23/01/18	-22.1	+0.8		timegrapher showed odd spells of low amplitude.
24/01/18	-20.5	+1.5

Third Regulation

05/03/18	+24.1	+5.8
06/03/18	+31.9	+8.1
07/03/18	+37.2	+5.4
08/03/18	+44.6	+6.9		__Regulated for 3rd time__ to reduce rate.
09/03/18	+44.4	-0.1
10/03/18	+42.8	-1.6		too far?

Fourth Regulation

21/03/18	+18.4	-0.9
22/03/18	+17.7	-0.7
23/03/18	+13.8	-4.1		__regulated for 4th time__ to increase rate
24/03/18	+13.2	-0.5
25/03/18	+12.6	-0.6		reset to DST. -0.7s
26/03/18	+0.3	+1.2
27/03/18	+0.5	+0.2

Fault apparent

29/08/18	-5.7	-2.1
30/08/18	-36.3	-31.4		????? Massive loss in one day!!!

Rate and amplitude errors v. bad on Timegrapher.

Watch put aside and not worn, until October 2019!!

Worn again after 12 months

10/11/19	-11.9	-2.4		dial down overnight
11/11/19	-14.1	-2.3		dial up overnight. Low amp. observed during the previous day?
12/11/19	-16.2	-2.2		Overnight on winder. Low amp. observed during the previous day
13/11/19	-18.6	-2.3		overnight on winder. being consistent day → day despite amplitude concerns.
14/11/19	-21.0	-2.3		overnight on winder.

Fault Re-appears

New period - fault re-appearing

14/11/19	-32.6	-44.9 		(21:04:32) on winder for previous hour. 2 seconds lost.    	      
15/11/19	-45.2	-19.5  		(17:36:45) on TG since 06:30.... variable amp. & poor rate

2019 Repair Details

Sent to Damasko for inspection and repair : 18/11/19

Damasko confirm fault as

After checking it our watchmaker told us that there is many abrasion in the movement.

Repair details

Cleaning, and oiling the escapement

Regulate DA36.1981 €120

Shipping costs UK €50

Total amount €170

Returned from Damasko : 14/12/19

Fault now absent

Performance after repair

Timegrapher Check 20/11/20

After 11 months of daily wear

Pos	Amp	Rate
Dial Up	321	+8
Dial Down	290	+6
6H	278	+2
3H	283	+2
9H	295	+5
12H	302	+4
Ave	(294)	+4
D		-6

Timegrapher Check 19/12/21

2 Years after repair. Worn Daily

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	321	+5
D dn	308	+3
6H	305	+2
3H	306	+1
9H	291	+1
12H	303	0
Ave	(305)	+2
D		-3

Timegrapher Check 18/1/22

Still wearing daily

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	313	+2
D dn	316	+1
6H	296	+1
3H	292	0
9H	278	0
12H	286	0
Ave	(297)	+1
D		-1

Watchcheck 2022

Start	Stop	Average
1/1/22	1/2/22	+0.9
1/2/22	1/3/22	+1.2
1/3/22	27/3/22	+0.3
27/3/22	17/5/22	-1.0
17/5/22	22/5/22	-2.1

Rate is now dropping after 2½ years of daily wear. Will monitor and wait for rate to exceed manufacturer's specification before sending for service/regulation.

See dedicated page Repair and Service 2022

Timegrapher Check 22/5/22

A morning and afternoon test to compare readings of different levels of power.

Time : 10:15
- After overnight Dial Up

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	299	-3
D dn	300	-1
6H	277	-4
3H	272	-4
9H	269	-3
12H	277	-4
Ave	(282)	-3.3
D		-1

Time : 15:45
- worn for 7 hours

Pos	Amp	Rate
D up	317	+1
D dn	307	+3
6H	289	-1
3H	302	0
9H	301	0
12H	299	-1
Ave	(303)	+0.3
D		-2

Update May 2022

I've owned the DA36 now for over 5 years. After the repair, and getting the 2^nd bracelet, it's rarely off my wrist. I'll occasionally wear another watch (typically a Casio GW-M5610) on my right wrist.

The DA36 stays on the left.

The ice-hardened steel is very resistant to scratching or other marks. After 5 years I can see some slight blemishes - just signs of an active life. The bracelet has more marks than the watch case itself - links rub against each other and the bracelet is more likely to be rubbed against hard surfaces than the watch - and as time goes by it slowly (very slowly) starts to look less like a new watch and more like a tool watch.

There are marks on the bezel, and on the bracelet end-link, at the 12 o'clock position, I guess I caught it on something abrasive at some time…. more wabi-sabi

The hardened steel, and matte bead-blasted finish, mean that there is no slow development of a general swirly patina. A scratch shows up, in the right light, as a shiny area of un-bead-blasted reflective steel. It's just the characteristic of the material. I wonder what it'll look like in another 10 years?

Time Keeping performance

Still well within COSC standards ( -4 / +6 ) at around -2s/d as of May 2022. Rolex now guarantee their watches to run better than COSC, at ±2 s/d. My DA36 has been within this range for the last few years, and is only now starting to fall outside that range. It may wander back towards zero over time. Who knows how all the different variables inter-react to make up the overall rate error, and how they vary with time?

Time Grapher 23/5/22

Pos	Amp	Rate
Dial Up	316	+2
Dial Down	315	+4
6H	283	-2
3H	288	-1
9H	288	0
12H	288	0
Ave	(299)	+0.5
D		-4

Quick shot on the TimeGrapher…

Photos

On a Marine-Nationale Green/Yellow NATO

— John Pumford-Green 31/05/22 12:54

A change from the super-tough steel bracelet.

New WatchGecko NATO

— John Pumford-Green 05/06/22 17:25

https://www.watchgecko.com/watchgecko-signature-nato-strap-olive-green

Page created Sun May 22 00:25:30 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

watch, damasko

¹⁾

yes, I've actually got 5 pairs in total, can't remember the details of how this happened!

Casio GW-M5610

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 30 Dec 2025 09:55:07 +0000

←Watch Inventory

Casio GW-M5610

Details

Model : GW-M5610
Serial : 302A112A
Bought : August 2021
From : Amazon
Price : £99.99

Functions

6-band Radio Control
World Time
Stopwatch
Countdown Timer
5 Daily Alarms
Solar Power
200m Water Resistant
46.7 x 43.2 x 12.7mm
Mineral Glass

User Manual

qw3159.pdf

General Info

Since I need reading glasses to be able to tell the time, or use any of the functions, this watch can never be my main timepiece. That role is taken by my Damasko DA36, with its very legible analogue face, which can be read at a glance, without glasses.

UPDATE : Feb 2024

I've gone back to full-time wearing of Varifocals, so I can now read a digital watch again…. so I'm wearing the G-Shock 5610 most of the time.

Page Info

Page created Sun May 22 00:22:42 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 30/12/25 09:55 GMT

tags

watch, casio, gshock

Allstar - 2026

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 06 Jun 2026 21:44:47 +0000

←AllStar Linking

Allstar - 2026

I've put an Allstar node back on the air!

Shari Pi 70cm

I built a Shari-Pi 3U node last year, to use as a portable Allstar/Echolink node - accessing the internet via my mobile phone hotspot. At that time I also had a “hig power” 2m node running at home.

After a while I became disenchanted with radio and turned everything (even HF) off…

In May 2026 I became interested in the hobby again, and started to re-build a few parts of my station. Once the HF gear was up and running I put the Shari-Pi 70cm Allstar node online. The range is rather limited, given the low, low power and short stubby antenna - it's only intended for “within the house” coverage, after all. On a walk today I found I could hear still access, and hear it up to a mile away, almost line of site!

At the same time I'm starting to think about HF Selcall and hoping to find some other people around Europe (or further?) who might be interested. The thought struck me that Allstar would work as an “Engineer Order Wire” - a back-channel for co-ordination and discussion.

Greater Range?

How could I make the Allstar node have a better range, around my local - remote, rural, isolated - area? Should I resurrect my other Allstar node - a R.Pi, CM108 modified sound-dongle, 2m radio?

I have in the shack a TM-D710 V/UHF radio capable of cross-band repeat, I have a TH-D72 and together these make a great remote-controllable cross-band repeater system. Could I use a 2m frequency for access, cross-banding to the Shari-Pi's 70cm frequency?

Yes, it works!

Using the “Wireless Control” functions built into the TM-D710/TH-D72 it's possible to have a cross-band repeater that can be enabled & disabled over the air from the handheld, and effectively make the Allstar private 70cm hotspot into a high power 2m Gateway. (Where “high power” = 5 watts).

TH-D72 and remote control

Make the Left Side of the TM-D710 the Active side, set to the Shari-Pi's 70cm Frequency/Tone : 430.050MHz / 77Hz CTCSS
Put the Right Side of the TM-D710 on 2m : 144.9125MHz / 77Hz CTCSS
Turn off
Hold “Rev” and power on
- Radio should be in Remote Control mode
Use the TH-D72 to start/stop the Repeat function, change TX power on the 70m port, etc….
- Put the TH-D72 on the chosen 20m frequency : 144.9125MHz / 77Hz CTCSS
- Turn off
- Hold MR and PTT and power on
- This should be “Moblie Ctrl” mode
  - To Enable Cross Band Repeat : Press C (aka MR) (No need to hold PTT button)
  - To Disable Cross Band Repeat : Press D (aka Call)
- To exit “Mobile Ctrl” mode - reverse the porcess
  - Turn Off
  - Hold MR and PTT and power on
- Now it's possible to use normal Allstar DTMF commands to control the linking etc. of the Shari-Pi node, transparently it seems to be on 2m

Further Information

Page created : 06/06/26 22:19 BST

Page updated : 06/06/26 22:44 BST

radio, allstar, tm-d710, th-d72

MB7AZE AllStar

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 07:40:31 +0000

←AllStar Linking

— John Pumford-Green 24/04/23 15:05

MB7AZE is now QRT and the NoV has expired.

I may run AllStar at times from a personal node/gateway GM4SLV Allstar

The following is for historical interest only….

MB7AZE AllStar

Platform	Rapsberry Pi
Interface	CM108 Soundcard
Radio	FT-8900
Frequency	430.050MHz
Monitor	Allmon2

NoV issued April 2022

Commands

DTMF Commands
Please send * 7 3 to ensure all links are disconnected before making any new links

Command	DTMF Sequence
Disconect from Node xxxx	* 1 xxxx
Connect RX Only to xxxx	* 2 xxxx
Connect Transceive to xxxx	* 3 xxxx
Speak the Node Status	* 7 0
Disconnect ALL nodes	* 7 3
Reconnect ALL nodes	* 7 4
Send Node ID	* 8 0
Speak the Local Time	* 8 1
Parrot ON	* 9 1
Parrot OFF	* 9 2
Parrot ONCE	* 9 3

Number	Name	* 5 Macro shortcut to…	DTMF Sequence	Node No.
1	Fedihams	Connect RX Only to Fedihams	* 5 2 1	57881
1	Fedihams	Connect Transceive to Fedihams	* 5 3 1	57881
1	Fedihams	Disconnect from Fedihams	* 5 1 1	57881
2	Hubnet	Connect RX Only to Hubnet	* 5 2 2	41223
2	Hubnet	Connect Transceive to Hubnet	* 5 3 2	41223
2	Hubnet	Disconnect from Hubnet	* 5 1 2	41223

Courtesy Tones

Can give information about the node status.

After a local Transmission on the “input” frequency the reponse will be one of:

Morse Letter I (di-dit) = node is not connected to any other nodes
Morse Letter R (di-dah-dit) = node is connected in “Monitor/RX only” mode to one or more nodes
Morse Letter K (dah-di-dah) = node is connected in “Transceive” mode to one or more nodes

There are other tones, e.g. when a station on a linked node unkeys there's a low-pitched “bloop”

When a local RF station sends a command there's a “bip bip” (not to be confused with the Morse letter I)

Echolink

AllStar nodes can also connect to Echolink

The node is connected to Echolink as MB7AZE-L #879598

Page created Sun May 29 12:18:09 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 05/06/26 08:40 BST

pi, radio, allstar, mb7aze

Mini Igate

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 21:04:19 +0000

←APRS

Mini Igate

A small portable fill-in iGate

Deployed to improve APRS coverage in Lerwick.

Hardware

Raspberry Pi
- Raspberry Pi 3 Model B Rev 1.2g
CM108 Sound card, modified for GPIO in/out
IC-2E
TP-Link MiFi router

Software

direwolf
autossh
tmux

Config & scripts

direwolf.conf

ADEVICE  plughw:1,0
 
#GPSD
 
 
CHANNEL 0
 
MYCALL GM4SLV-11
 
MODEM 1200
 
FIX_BITS 1
 
PTT GPIO 25
 
AGWPORT 8000
KISSPORT 8001
 
#TBEACON EVERY=15 SYMBOL="igate" overlay="T" comment="Mini IGate
#TBEACON sendto=IG EVERY=30 SYMBOL="igate" overlay="T" comment="Mini IGate
 
IBEACON every=30 via=WIDE1-1
IBEACON sendto=IG every=60
 
PBEACON every=10 overlay=T symbol="igate" lat=60^09.33N long=001^08.76W comment="Mini IGate" via=WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1
 
DIGIPEAT 0 0 ^WIDE[3-7]-[1-7]$|^TEST$ ^WIDE[12]-[12]$ TRACE
 
FILTER IG 0 r/60.2/-1.4/150 | ( ! t/t )
 
IGSERVER euro.aprs2.net
 
IGLOGIN GM4SLV-11 19626
 
IGFILTER m/150
 
PBEACON sendto=IG every=15:00 symbol="igate" overlay=T lat=60^09.33N long=001^08.76W comment="Mini IGate"
 
IGTXVIA 0 WIDE1-1,WIDE2-1
 
IGMSP 10
IGTXLIMIT 12 20

start_direwolf.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
session="Igate"
 
tmux start-server
 
tmux new-session -d -s $session
 
tmux rename-window "direwolf"
 
tmux selectp -t 0
tmux send-keys "direwolf -t 1 -T "%c" -c /home/gm4slv/direwolf.conf" C-m

crontab entry @reboot sleep 60 && sudo -u gm4slv /home/gm4slv/start_direwolf.sh >/dev/null 2>&1

autossh tunnel

see svxlink hotspot for details

#!/bin/bash
 
autossh -M 20000 -N -T gm4slv_tunnel

ssh config

Host gm4slv_tunnel
        HostName gm4slv.plus.com
        User xxxxx
        Port xxxxx
        RemoteForward 4446 localhost:22
        RemoteForward 8080 192.168.0.1:80

crontab entry : @reboot sleep 60 && sudo -u gm4slv /home/gm4slv/tunnel.sh 2>&1

Page created Thu May 26 12:41:10 2022 by John Pumford-Green

Page last updated: 04/06/26 22:04 BST

aprs, pi, radio

60m Transceiver

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 09:44:34 +0000

←Arduino Projects

60m Transceiver

The 60m transceiver has the following features, which vary according to the loaded firmware

Channelized operation
LCD display
- Frequency
- Mode (SSB / CW)
- Modulation Source (Mic/Key/Data)
- RX / TX status
9MHz IF with Xtal filter
SSB & CW set via mode switch
Approx 3W PEP
Digital mode input/output and PTT via 9-pin D
SSB Mic input via 8-pin round “Icom” connector
Modulation Source (Mic or Data) can chosen via select switch
Scan start switch - scan a preset group of channels - cycles continuously, no “squelch”
- Use of Jenal SC2 CCIR493 Selcal microphone can be supported - including scanning

Arduino Versions

There are several different firmware versions….this is just a sample…

RX Only, with SSB, CW & scan

gm4slv_60m_channels_cwscan_noptt_new_calibration_130523.ino

Firmware (Click to view)

#include <rgb_lcd.h>
#include <si5351.h>
 
char version[] = "v0.1";
 
const long channel_array[] = 
{
5258500,5260000,5261000,5262000,5263000, 5276000,
5278500,5279000,5287200,5290000,5298000,
5301000,5304000,5317000,5320000,5333000,
5334000,5335000,5354000,5355000,5362000,
5363000,5364700,5366500,5371500,5378000,
5379000,5395000,5398500,5403500,
5345000,5245000,5450000,5505000,5680000,
5195000,5616000,5649000
} ;
 
const long scan_array[] = 
{
 5260000,5261000,
 5262000,5263000,
 5366500,5354000,
 5355000,
} ;
 
 
const int mems = sizeof(channel_array)/sizeof(long);
 
const int scan_mems = sizeof(scan_array)/sizeof(long);
 
// the last "no_scan" number channels of
// channel_array are not to be scanned. 
// Put the channels not to be scanned last 
// in the array and update no_scan to reflect. 
 
const int no_scan = 0; 
 
const long bandStart = 5000000;    
const long bandEnd = 6000000;
const long txcio = 9001200;
 
const long cwoffset = 600;
const long filteroffset = 500;
 
volatile int channel = 01;
 
volatile long freq = channel_array[channel];  //      
volatile long oldfreq = 0;
 
 
 
 
 
volatile long currentfreq = 0;
volatile int updatedisplay = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder pins and other inputs
static const int rotAPin = 2;
static const int rotBPin = 3;
static const int pushSwPin = 4;
static const int mictxrxPin = 5;
static const int txRLA1Pin = 7;
static const int txRLA2Pin = 6;
static const int datatxrxPin = 8;
static const int modRLAPin = 9;
static const int modeSWPin = 11;
static const int scanSWPin = 10;
 
volatile int scanning = 0;
volatile int old_scanning = 0;
 
volatile int tx = 0;
volatile int oldtxrx = 0;
 
volatile int mod = 0;
volatile int oldmod = 0;
 
volatile int channel_freq = 0; // push-button to toggle tune method
volatile int old_channel_freq = 0;
 
volatile long scan_freq = scan_array[channel];
volatile long old_scan_freq = 0;
 
volatile int mode = 1; // 1 = USB/LSB, 0 = CW 
volatile int oldmode = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder variables, used by interrupt routines
volatile int rotState = 0;
volatile int rotAval = 1;
volatile int rotBval = 1;
 
 
int digit1 = 0;
int digit2 = 0;
int digit3 = 0;
int digit4 = 0;   
int digit5 = 0;
int digit6 = 0;
int digit7 = 0;
 
// Instantiate the Objects
rgb_lcd lcd;
Si5351 si5351;
 
 
 
byte customChar[8] = {
  0b11111,
  0b11011,
  0b11001,
  0b00000,
  0b11001,
  0b11011,
  0b11111,
  0b11111
};
 
 
 
void setup()
{
 
 
  // Set up frequency and radix switches
  pinMode(rotAPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(rotBPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(pushSwPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(mictxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(datatxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(modeSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(scanSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(txRLA1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(txRLA2Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(modRLAPin, OUTPUT);
 
  digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(modRLAPin, LOW);
 
  // Set up interrupt pins
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotAPin), ISRrotAChange, CHANGE);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotBPin), ISRrotBChange, CHANGE);
 
  // Initialize the display
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 
lcd.createChar(0, customChar); // create a new custom character
 
  lcd.cursor();
 
  // Initialize the Si5351
 
  //si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, -31200);         // 
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
 
  si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, 0);
  si5351.set_correction(-34976, SI5351_PLL_INPUT_XO);
  si5351.set_pll(SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_PLLA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
 
 
  // Update display and send start frequency
  UpdateDisplay();
  SendFrequency();
}
 
 
void loop()
{
 
  CheckScanSwitch();
 
  //CheckTXSwitch();
 
  //CheckModSwitch();
 
  CheckModeSwitch();
 
  // Check to see if the freq has changed
  currentfreq = getfreq();                      // Interrupt safe method to get the current frequency
 
  if (currentfreq != oldfreq)
  {
 
    oldfreq = currentfreq;
 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
 
  }
 
  // Check the rotary encoder (radix) swith
  if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)           // Read the rotary encoder switch
  {
    delay(500);
    if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)
    {
 
    if (channel_freq == 1)
    {
      channel_freq = 0;
    }
    else if (channel_freq == 0)
    {
      channel_freq = 1;
    }
    //delay(50);
 
    UpdateDisplay();
 
    }
  }
 
} // end of main loop
 
 
long getfreq()
{
  long temp_freq;
  cli();
  temp_freq = freq;
  sei();
  return temp_freq;
}
 
void CheckScanSwitch()
{
 if (digitalRead(scanSWPin) == 0)
 
    {
 
      scanning  = 1;
      scan_freq = 0;
      channel = channel + 1;
 
      if (channel > scan_mems - (no_scan + 1))
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
 
      freq = scan_array[channel];
 
      UpdateDisplay();
      SendFrequency();
      delay(500);
    }
    else
    {
 
 
      if (scanning != old_scanning)
      {
        scanning = 0;
        UpdateDisplay();
      }
      old_scanning = scanning;
    }
 
}
 
//void CheckModSwitch()
//{
//  if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 0)
//      mod = 0;                             // 0 = Phone
//  else if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 1)
//      mod = 1;                                 // 1=Data
 
 
//  if (mod != oldmod)
//  {
//    if ( mod == 0)
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
//      }
//    else
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
//      } 
//    UpdateDisplay();
//    SendFrequency();
//    oldmod = mod;
//  }
//}
 
 
void CheckModeSwitch()
{
  if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 0)
      mode = 0;                             // 0 = CW
  else if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 1)
      mode = 1;                                 // 1=SSB
 
 
  if (mode != oldmode)
  {
    if ( mode == 0)
      {
 
      }
    else
      {
 
      } 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldmode = mode;
  }
}
 
 
 
void CheckTXSwitch()
{
  if (scanning == 0)
  {
  if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {
    tx = 1;                             // 1=TX
    mod = 0;
 
   }  else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {  tx = 1;
     mod = 1;
 
  }  else if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 1)
 
  {  tx = 0;                                 // 0=Phone
 
  } else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 1)
 
 {   tx = 0;
 
 }
 
  if (tx != oldtxrx)
  {
    if ( tx == 1)
      {
        if ( mod == 0 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
        }
        else if ( mod == 1 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
        }
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,HIGH);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,HIGH);
      }
    else
      {
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,LOW);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,LOW);   
      }
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldtxrx = tx;
  }
}
}
 
// Interrupt routines
void ISRrotAChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotAPin))
  {
    rotAval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotAval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
void ISRrotBChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotBPin))
  {
    rotBval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotBval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
// Determine which way the rotary encoder is rotating and action as required
void UpdateRot()
{
  switch (rotState)
  {
    case 0:                                         // Idle state, look for direction
      if (!rotBval)
        rotState = 1;                               // CW 1
      if (!rotAval)
        rotState = 11;                              // CCW 1
      break;
 
    case 1:                                         // CW, wait for A low while B is low
      if (!rotBval)
      {
        if (!rotAval)
        {
          // either increment the radix or freq
          if (channel_freq == 1)
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq + 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq + 100;
            }
            if (freq > bandEnd)
            {
              freq = bandEnd;
            }
 
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel + 1;
 
            if (channel > mems -1)
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
            freq = channel_array[channel]; 
          }
          rotState = 2;                             // CW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on B, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 2:                                         // CW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 3;                               // CW 3
      break;
 
    case 3:                                         // CW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
 
    case 11:                                        // CCW, wait for B low while A is low
      if (!rotAval)
      {
        if (!rotBval)
        {
          if ( channel_freq == 1 )
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
 
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq - 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq - 100;
            }
 
            if (freq < bandStart)
            {
              freq = bandStart;
            }
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel - 1;
 
            if (channel < 0)
             {
              channel = mems - 1;
             }
            freq = channel_array[channel];
 
          }
          rotState = 12;                            // CCW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on A, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 12:                                        // CCW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 13;                              // CCW 3
      break;
 
    case 13:                                        // CCW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
  }
}
 
 
void UpdateDisplay()
{
 
 
    digit1 = (freq%10);
    digit2 = ((freq/10)%10);
    digit3 = ((freq/100)%10);
    digit4 = ((freq/1000)%10);   
    digit5 = ((freq/10000)%10);
    digit6 = ((freq/100000)%10);
    digit7 = ((freq/1000000)%10);
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(digit7);
  lcd.setCursor(1,0);
  lcd.print(",");
  lcd.setCursor(2,0);
  lcd.print(digit6);
  lcd.setCursor(3,0);
  lcd.print(digit5);
  lcd.setCursor(4,0);
  lcd.print(digit4);
  lcd.setCursor(5,0);
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  lcd.print(digit3);
  lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  lcd.print(digit2);
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,0);
  lcd.print("kHz");
 
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("        ");
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(channel,1); 
 
 
if (scanning == 1)
{
   // lcd.print("|");
 
  lcd.write((byte)0);  // print the custom char at (2, 0)
}
 
 /*
  //if (channel < 10)
  //{
  //lcd.print("0");
  //}
  //lcd.print(channel);
 
 lcd.setCursor(0,1);
 if (freq == 5287200 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR1");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5290000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("ORK");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5364700 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR2");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5450000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("RAF");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5505000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("EIP");
 }
 
if (freq == 5317000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("VMARS");
 }
 
if (freq == 5366500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FK");
 }
 
if (freq == 5258500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FA");
 }
 
if (freq == 5278500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FB");
 }
 
if (freq == 5288500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FC");
 }
 
if (freq == 5371500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FL");
 }
 
if (freq == 5398500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FE");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5403500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FM");
 }
 
if (freq == 5195000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("DRA5");
 }
 
if (freq == 5262000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("QRP CW");
 }
 
 
if ((freq >= 5259000) && (freq < 5262000) )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("CW");
 }
 
 
 
*/
 
 
 
 
 lcd.setCursor(14,0);
 
if (tx == 0)
   { lcd.print("RX");
 
   } else if (tx == 1)
   {
    lcd.print("TX");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,1);
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.print("SSB");
  }
  if (mode == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" CW");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(12,1);
  if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.print(" Key");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
 
  {
    if (mod == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" Mic");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
  {
   lcd.print("Data");
   //lcd.print(version);
  }
}
if (channel_freq == 1)
{
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  }
  else if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  }
  lcd.blink();
}
else
{
  lcd.noBlink();
}
} // end of updatedisplay()
 
 
void SendFrequency()
 
 
 
 
{
 
if (mode == 1 ) // SSB
 
  {
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);     // VFO
    si5351.set_freq((txcio * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);              // BFO
 
  }
 
else if (mode == 0) // CW
 
  if ( tx == 0 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio  - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);                     // BFO
 
  }
 
  else if (tx == 1 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);           // BFO
 
  }
 
} // end of sendfrequency()

Full TX/RX - with SSB, CW & Scan

gm4slv_60m_channels_cwscan_ptt_new_calibration_230823.ino

Firmware (Click to view)

#include <rgb_lcd.h>
#include <si5351.h>
 
char version[] = "v0.1";
 
const long channel_array[] = 
{
5258500,5260000,5261000,5262000,5263000, 5276000,
5278500,5279000,5287200,5290000,5298000,
5301000,5304000,5317000,5320000,5333000,
5334000,5335000,5354000,5355000,5362000,
5363000,5364700,5366500,5371500,5378000,
5379000,5395000,5398500,5403500,
5345000,5245000,5450000,5505000,5680000,
5195000,5616000,5649000
} ;
 
const long scan_array[] = 
{
 5260000,5261000,
 5262000,5263000,
 5366500,5354000,
 5355000,
} ;
 
 
const int mems = sizeof(channel_array)/sizeof(long);
 
const int scan_mems = sizeof(scan_array)/sizeof(long);
 
// the last "no_scan" number channels of
// channel_array are not to be scanned. 
// Put the channels not to be scanned last 
// in the array and update no_scan to reflect. 
 
const int no_scan = 0; 
 
const long bandStart = 5000000;    
const long bandEnd = 6000000;
const long txcio = 9001200;
 
const long cwoffset = 600;
const long filteroffset = 500;
 
volatile int channel = 01;
 
volatile long freq = channel_array[channel];  //      
volatile long oldfreq = 0;
 
 
 
 
 
volatile long currentfreq = 0;
volatile int updatedisplay = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder pins and other inputs
static const int rotAPin = 2;
static const int rotBPin = 3;
static const int pushSwPin = 4;
static const int mictxrxPin = 5;
static const int txRLA1Pin = 7;
static const int txRLA2Pin = 6;
static const int datatxrxPin = 8;
static const int modRLAPin = 9;
static const int modeSWPin = 11;
static const int scanSWPin = 10;
 
volatile int scanning = 0;
volatile int old_scanning = 0;
 
volatile int tx = 0;
volatile int oldtxrx = 0;
 
volatile int mod = 0;
volatile int oldmod = 0;
 
volatile int channel_freq = 0; // push-button to toggle tune method
volatile int old_channel_freq = 0;
 
volatile long scan_freq = scan_array[channel];
volatile long old_scan_freq = 0;
 
volatile int mode = 1; // 1 = USB/LSB, 0 = CW 
volatile int oldmode = 0;
 
// Rotary encoder variables, used by interrupt routines
volatile int rotState = 0;
volatile int rotAval = 1;
volatile int rotBval = 1;
 
 
int digit1 = 0;
int digit2 = 0;
int digit3 = 0;
int digit4 = 0;   
int digit5 = 0;
int digit6 = 0;
int digit7 = 0;
 
// Instantiate the Objects
rgb_lcd lcd;
Si5351 si5351;
 
 
 
byte customChar[8] = {
  0b11111,
  0b11011,
  0b11001,
  0b00000,
  0b11001,
  0b11011,
  0b11111,
  0b11111
};
 
 
 
void setup()
{
 
 
  // Set up frequency and radix switches
  pinMode(rotAPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(rotBPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(pushSwPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(mictxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(datatxrxPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
 
  pinMode(modeSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(scanSWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(txRLA1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(txRLA2Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(modRLAPin, OUTPUT);
 
  digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(modRLAPin, LOW);
 
  // Set up interrupt pins
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotAPin), ISRrotAChange, CHANGE);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(rotBPin), ISRrotBChange, CHANGE);
 
  // Initialize the display
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 
lcd.createChar(0, customChar); // create a new custom character
 
  lcd.cursor();
 
  // Initialize the Si5351
 
  //si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, -31200);         // 
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
  //si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);   // 2 mA for HB mixers
 
  si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, 0);
  si5351.set_correction(-34976, SI5351_PLL_INPUT_XO);
  si5351.set_pll(SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_PLLA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK2, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
 
 
  // Update display and send start frequency
  UpdateDisplay();
  SendFrequency();
}
 
 
void loop()
{
 
  CheckScanSwitch();
 
  CheckTXSwitch();
 
  //CheckModSwitch();
 
  CheckModeSwitch();
 
  // Check to see if the freq has changed
  currentfreq = getfreq();                      // Interrupt safe method to get the current frequency
 
  if (currentfreq != oldfreq)
  {
 
    oldfreq = currentfreq;
 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
 
  }
 
  // Check the rotary encoder (radix) swith
  if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)           // Read the rotary encoder switch
  {
    delay(500);
    if (digitalRead(pushSwPin) == LOW)
    {
 
    if (channel_freq == 1)
    {
      channel_freq = 0;
    }
    else if (channel_freq == 0)
    {
      channel_freq = 1;
    }
    //delay(50);
 
    UpdateDisplay();
 
    }
  }
 
} // end of main loop
 
 
long getfreq()
{
  long temp_freq;
  cli();
  temp_freq = freq;
  sei();
  return temp_freq;
}
 
void CheckScanSwitch()
{
 if (digitalRead(scanSWPin) == 0)
 
    {
 
      scanning  = 1;
      scan_freq = 0;
      channel = channel + 1;
 
      if (channel > scan_mems - (no_scan + 1))
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
 
      freq = scan_array[channel];
 
      UpdateDisplay();
      SendFrequency();
      delay(500);
    }
    else
    {
 
 
      if (scanning != old_scanning)
      {
        scanning = 0;
        UpdateDisplay();
      }
      old_scanning = scanning;
    }
 
}
 
//void CheckModSwitch()
//{
//  if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 0)
//      mod = 0;                             // 0 = Phone
//  else if (digitalRead(modSWPin) == 1)
//      mod = 1;                                 // 1=Data
 
 
//  if (mod != oldmod)
//  {
//    if ( mod == 0)
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
//      }
//    else
//      {
//        digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
//      } 
//    UpdateDisplay();
//    SendFrequency();
//    oldmod = mod;
//  }
//}
 
 
void CheckModeSwitch()
{
  if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 0)
      mode = 0;                             // 0 = CW
  else if (digitalRead(modeSWPin) == 1)
      mode = 1;                                 // 1=SSB
 
 
  if (mode != oldmode)
  {
    if ( mode == 0)
      {
 
      }
    else
      {
 
      } 
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldmode = mode;
  }
}
 
 
 
void CheckTXSwitch()
{
  if (scanning == 0)
  {
  if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {
    tx = 1;                             // 1=TX
    mod = 0;
 
   }  else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 0)
 
  {  tx = 1;
     mod = 1;
 
  }  else if (digitalRead(mictxrxPin) == 1)
 
  {  tx = 0;                                 // 0=Phone
 
  } else if (digitalRead(datatxrxPin) == 1)
 
 {   tx = 0;
 
 }
 
  if (tx != oldtxrx)
  {
    if ( tx == 1)
      {
        if ( mod == 0 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,LOW);
        }
        else if ( mod == 1 )
        {
          digitalWrite(modRLAPin,HIGH);
        }
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,HIGH);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,HIGH);
      }
    else
      {
        digitalWrite(txRLA1Pin,LOW);
        digitalWrite(txRLA2Pin,LOW);   
      }
    UpdateDisplay();
    SendFrequency();
    oldtxrx = tx;
  }
}
}
 
// Interrupt routines
void ISRrotAChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotAPin))
  {
    rotAval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotAval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
void ISRrotBChange()
{
  if (digitalRead(rotBPin))
  {
    rotBval = 1;
    UpdateRot();
  }
  else
  {
    rotBval = 0;
    UpdateRot();
  }
}
 
 
// Determine which way the rotary encoder is rotating and action as required
void UpdateRot()
{
  switch (rotState)
  {
    case 0:                                         // Idle state, look for direction
      if (!rotBval)
        rotState = 1;                               // CW 1
      if (!rotAval)
        rotState = 11;                              // CCW 1
      break;
 
    case 1:                                         // CW, wait for A low while B is low
      if (!rotBval)
      {
        if (!rotAval)
        {
          // either increment the radix or freq
          if (channel_freq == 1)
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq + 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq + 100;
            }
            if (freq > bandEnd)
            {
              freq = bandEnd;
            }
 
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel + 1;
 
            if (channel > mems -1)
            {
              channel = 0;
            }
            freq = channel_array[channel]; 
          }
          rotState = 2;                             // CW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on B, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 2:                                         // CW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 3;                               // CW 3
      break;
 
    case 3:                                         // CW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
 
    case 11:                                        // CCW, wait for B low while A is low
      if (!rotAval)
      {
        if (!rotBval)
        {
          if ( channel_freq == 1 )
          {
            updatedisplay = 1;
 
            if (mode == 1)
            {
            freq = freq - 500;
            }
            else
            {
              freq = freq - 100;
            }
 
            if (freq < bandStart)
            {
              freq = bandStart;
            }
          }
          else
          {
            channel = channel - 1;
 
            if (channel < 0)
             {
              channel = mems - 1;
             }
            freq = channel_array[channel];
 
          }
          rotState = 12;                            // CCW 2
        }
      }
      else if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // It was just a glitch on A, go back to start
      break;
 
    case 12:                                        // CCW, wait for A high
      if (rotAval)
        rotState = 13;                              // CCW 3
      break;
 
    case 13:                                        // CCW, wait for B high
      if (rotBval)
        rotState = 0;                               // back to idle (detent) state
      break;
  }
}
 
 
void UpdateDisplay()
{
 
 
    digit1 = (freq%10);
    digit2 = ((freq/10)%10);
    digit3 = ((freq/100)%10);
    digit4 = ((freq/1000)%10);   
    digit5 = ((freq/10000)%10);
    digit6 = ((freq/100000)%10);
    digit7 = ((freq/1000000)%10);
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(digit7);
  lcd.setCursor(1,0);
  lcd.print(",");
  lcd.setCursor(2,0);
  lcd.print(digit6);
  lcd.setCursor(3,0);
  lcd.print(digit5);
  lcd.setCursor(4,0);
  lcd.print(digit4);
  lcd.setCursor(5,0);
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  lcd.print(digit3);
  lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  lcd.print(digit2);
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,0);
  lcd.print("kHz");
 
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print("        ");
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(channel,1); 
 
 
if (scanning == 1)
{
   // lcd.print("|");
 
  lcd.write((byte)0);  // print the custom char at (2, 0)
}
 
 /*
  //if (channel < 10)
  //{
  //lcd.print("0");
  //}
  //lcd.print(channel);
 
 lcd.setCursor(0,1);
 if (freq == 5287200 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR1");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5290000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("ORK");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5364700 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("WSPR2");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5450000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("RAF");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5505000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("EIP");
 }
 
if (freq == 5317000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("VMARS");
 }
 
if (freq == 5366500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FK");
 }
 
if (freq == 5258500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FA");
 }
 
if (freq == 5278500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FB");
 }
 
if (freq == 5288500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FC");
 }
 
if (freq == 5371500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FL");
 }
 
if (freq == 5398500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FE");
 }
 
 if (freq == 5403500 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("FM");
 }
 
if (freq == 5195000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("DRA5");
 }
 
if (freq == 5262000 )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("QRP CW");
 }
 
 
if ((freq >= 5259000) && (freq < 5262000) )
 {
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  //lcd.print("    ");
  //lcd.setCursor(3,1);
  lcd.print("CW");
 }
 
 
 
*/
 
 
 
 
 lcd.setCursor(14,0);
 
if (tx == 0)
   { lcd.print("RX");
 
   } else if (tx == 1)
   {
    lcd.print("TX");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(8,1);
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.print("SSB");
  }
  if (mode == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" CW");
  }
 
  lcd.setCursor(12,1);
  if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.print(" Key");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
 
  {
    if (mod == 0)
  {
    lcd.print(" Mic");
    //lcd.print(version);
  }
  else
  {
   lcd.print("Data");
   //lcd.print(version);
  }
}
if (channel_freq == 1)
{
  if (mode == 1)
  {
    lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  }
  else if ( mode == 0 )
  {
    lcd.setCursor(7,0);
  }
  lcd.blink();
}
else
{
  lcd.noBlink();
}
} // end of updatedisplay()
 
 
void SendFrequency()
 
 
 
 
{
 
if (mode == 1 ) // SSB
 
  {
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);     // VFO
    si5351.set_freq((txcio * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);              // BFO
 
  }
 
else if (mode == 0) // CW
 
  if ( tx == 0 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio  - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);                     // BFO
 
  }
 
  else if (tx == 1 )
 
  {
 
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio + freq - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);    // VFO
    si5351.set_freq(((txcio - cwoffset - filteroffset) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK2);           // BFO
 
  }
 
} // end of sendfrequency()

Further Information

Page created : 11/07/26 10:09 BST

Page updated : 01/01/70 01:00 BST

radio, arduino

QRSS MEPT

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 12 Jul 2026 15:39:55 +0000

←Arduino Projects

QRSS MEPT

I started work on my small QRSS MEPT idea with a simple Arduino / SI5351 / 16×2 LCD arrangement. The LCD is only there because I found this breadboard setup already with Seeeduino Nano, SI5351 and LCD in my box of “Arduino Project bits” - from a previous experiment - and I thought I'd keep it for the time being as a display to help in debugging (?). Once the MEPT is functional and ready for operation I'll remove the LCD (and its code from the sketch)

Step one

modify an old sketch & strip out un-needed code until I had a simple carrier generator
add function to vary the frequency in a stepped-ramp sequence to check operation
add functions to make dits and dahs and spaces of appropriate lengths
add function to send a callsign/message explicitly entered as a series of calls to dah(), dit() and space() and run it from loop()
add code to light an onboard LED during “key-down”
add code to show operating frequency and the letters of the callsign as they're sent on the LCD

I monitored the SI5351 output on my normal 30m grabber - there's enough radiation direct from the SI5351 board to make a trace on the waterfall.

The sketch

Click to read / hide

#include <rgb_lcd.h>
#include <si5351.h>
 
char version[] = "v0.1";
 
 
 
volatile long shift_hz = 0;
int count = 0;
int dit_time = 6000;
 
volatile long freq = 10139780;  //      
 
int digit0 = 0;
int digit1 = 0;
int digit2 = 0;
int digit3 = 0;
int digit4 = 0;   
int digit5 = 0;
int digit6 = 0;
int digit7 = 0;
 
 
 
// Instantiate the Objects
rgb_lcd lcd;
Si5351 si5351;
 
void setup()
{
 
  // Initialize the display
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
 
  lcd.cursor();
 
  // Initialize the Si5351
  si5351.init(SI5351_CRYSTAL_LOAD_8PF, 0, 0);
  si5351.set_correction(-37500, SI5351_PLL_INPUT_XO);
  si5351.set_pll(SI5351_PLL_FIXED, SI5351_PLLA);
  si5351.drive_strength(SI5351_CLK0, SI5351_DRIVE_8MA);
 
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
  // Update display and send start frequency
 
    SendFrequency();    
    digit0 = (freq%10);
    digit1 = ((freq/10)%10);
    digit2 = ((freq/100)%10);
    digit3 = ((freq/1000)%10);   
    digit4 = ((freq/10000)%10);
    digit5 = ((freq/100000)%10);
    digit6 = ((freq/1000000)%10);
    digit7 = ((freq/10000000)%10);
 
    UpdateDisplay();
 
}
 
 
void loop()
{
 
// SendRamp();
SendCall();
// SendRamp();
 
}
 
 
void SendCall() {
 
  space();
 
  dah();
  dah();
  dit();
  lcd.setCursor(5,1);
  lcd.print("G");
  space();
 
 
  dah();
  dah();
  lcd.setCursor(6,1);
  lcd.print("M");
  space();
 
 
  dit();
  dit();
  dit();
  dit();
  dah();
  lcd.setCursor(7,1);
  lcd.print("4");
  space();
 
  dit();
  dit();
  dit();
  lcd.setCursor(8,1);
  lcd.print("S");
  space();
 
  dit();
  dah();
  dit();
  dit();
  lcd.setCursor(9,1);
  lcd.print("L");
  space();
 
  dit();
  dit();
  dit();
  dah();
  lcd.setCursor(10,1);
  lcd.print("V");
  space();
 
  space();
 
 
}
 
 
void space() {
  shift_hz = 0;
  SendFrequency();
  delay(dit_time * 2);
}
 
void dah() {
  shift_hz = 4;
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  SendFrequency();
  delay(dit_time * 3);
  shift_hz = 0;
  SendFrequency();
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  delay(dit_time);
 
}
 
void dit() {
  shift_hz = 4;
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  SendFrequency();
  delay(dit_time);
  shift_hz = 0;
  SendFrequency();
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  delay(dit_time);
 
}
 
void SendRamp() {
 
 shift_hz = 0;
 while ( shift_hz < 6 ) {
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
 SendFrequency();
   shift_hz++;
   delay(2000);
   SendFrequency();
 }
   shift_hz = 0;
   SendFrequency(); 
   delay (dit_time * 2);
 
   digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
 
void UpdateDisplay()
{
 
 
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(digit7);
  lcd.setCursor(1,0);
  lcd.print(digit6);
  lcd.setCursor(2,0);
  lcd.print(",");
  lcd.setCursor(3,0);
  lcd.print(digit5);
  lcd.setCursor(4,0);
  lcd.print(digit4);
  lcd.setCursor(5,0);
  lcd.print(digit3);
  lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  lcd.print(".");
  lcd.setCursor(7,0);  
  lcd.print(digit2);
  lcd.setCursor(8,0);
  lcd.print(digit1);
  lcd.setCursor(9,0);
  lcd.print(digit0);
  lcd.setCursor(10,0);
  lcd.print("Hz");
 
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
 
  lcd.print("QRSS");
 
  lcd.setCursor(12,1);
  lcd.print(version);
 
}
 
void SendFrequency()
{
 
  si5351.set_freq(((freq + shift_hz) * 100ULL), SI5351_CLK0);     // VFO
 
}

Step Two

The next step will be to build a small TX PA to boost the SI5351 output up to around 1W and a LPF. I'll add a PTT line to key the PA, driven from the Arduino so that the sketch can have periods of carrier off between cycles if necessary. 1W should be enough power and should be simple enough to generate. I might have a go at a Class-E MOSFET amplifier.

Test Amp

I found a 30m PA strip from a previous project that produces about 6W from < 10mV drive, with 3 class-A bipolar driver stages feeding an IRF510 MOSFET - originally intended as a linear amplifier.

I've played with the supply volts and the MOSFET bias and can comfortably get up to 3W carrier with 8V supply. It's not terribly efficient but at QRP levels that's hardly relevant.

I've got it connected to the Ardiuno/Si5351 and it's on the air running 1W.

I'll use this amp as a blueprint for a new PA for the MEPT, perhaps with fewer stages as I don't need so much gain or linearity.

I've seen it on grabbers around Europe

Grabber results at 1W

At 1533z I reduced power to around 200mW

Grabber Results at 200mW

Stretch Goals

Add a function to generate “Slow FSK Hell” to make waterfall-readable text - see the image of GM4GHK below
Add DFCW
Add a “normal-speed CW ident” for cases where it might make sense (?)

Further Information

Page created : 12/07/26 07:40 BST

Page updated : 01/01/70 01:00 BST

radio, qrss, arduino, mept

Arduino Projects

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 11 Jul 2026 08:56:28 +0000

←Radio Topics

Arduino Projects

An area for my Radio projects that use an Arduino

Further Information

Page created : 11/07/26 09:54 BST

Page updated : 11/07/26 09:56 BST

radio, arduino

Yaddnet Migration

anonymous@undisclosed.example.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 04 Jun 2026 06:39:56 +0000

←YaDDNet

Yaddnet Migration

My http://www.yaddnet.org DSC database originally ran on various machines in my shack at home. It was migrated to a server donated for the purpose - located in Las Vegas, in 2019. This document records the steps needed to transfer everything and get it running on the new Virtual Private Server. In case it ever needs doing again in future this will help jog my memory of what's involved.

Moving YaddNet to a Virtual Server in the Clouds

Created Thursday 24 October 2019

Server IP: 64.235.39.127

Create SQL database

UPDATE 13/04/24

MIGRATING TO A NEW UBUNTU 20.4 VPS REQUIRED THE FOLLOWING

https://ostechnix.com/how-to-reset-root-password-in-mysql-8-on-ubuntu-linux/

The original Process

1) sort out passwordless root access to MySQL

add skip-grant-tables to end of config file:

(such as….)

/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

restart mysqld

$ mysql -u root
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '';
mysql>quit;

remove skip-grant-tables from /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

restart mysqld

2) create blank/empty yadd database

$ mysql -u root

mysql> create database yadd;
mysql> quit;

2a) scp migrate tarfile to remote server

and wait….

2b) untar migrate tarfile

3) use saved schema file to create the tables:

$ mysql -u root yadd < schema.sql

4) import the full database backup:

$ mysql -u root yadd < yadd_xxxxx.sql

and wait……. and wait……

5) test all the data is there…!

Create Web site

6) extract yaddnet files from tarball

7) extract html files into /var/www/

8) permissions/ownership of /var/www/html ? Not Needed

9) apache “sites-enabled” - change virtual server's port? Not needed

Configure auto-start of Input servers

10) /etc/rc.local command to start tmux session

sleep 60; su USER -c /home/USER/yaddnet/tmux_yadd.sh &

11) start tmux session and see if it's working…

12) fire some test packets at it from uCoastTester.py

13) crontab entries

15 */4 * * * /home/USER/yaddnet/purge_err.sh > /dev/null 
* * * * * /home/USER/yaddnet/purge_tmp.sh > /dev/null

Tweaks

14) Character encoding for pages

edit /etc/php/7.2/apache2/php.ini

change default_charset from UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1:

default_charset = "ISO-8859-1"

This renders “degree” signs etc. on web pages correctly.

15) mysql config

add to /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.conf

sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

restart mysql

This (among other things) allows the group-by queries to work.

16) Open firewalld UDP port 4530 for DSCDecoder (and close unneeded port 9999)

firewall-cmd --permanent --service=yadd --add-port=4530/udp

firewall-cmd --permanent --service=yadd --remove-port=9999/udp

firewall-cmd --complete-reload

Firewall Config - note 21/5/22

While creating this Wiki page, from a previous note in ZimWiki, I wondered about the firewall config, as it appears I didn't explicitly open UDP/50666 for YaDD's traffic, but I added udp/4530 for DSCDecoder.

Looking at /etc/firewalld/services/yadd.xml I see:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>yadd</short>
  <description>YaDD Service</description>
  <port port="50666" protocol="udp"/>
  <port port="4530" protocol="udp"/>
</service>

so 50666 must have been added when the VPS was built (not my me). I guess I asked for it when the offer to provide the VPS was made, but forgot about DSCDecoder until later.

Get Domain Name

16) Buy domain yaddnet.org from “fasthosts.co.uk” and set DNS record to point host www.yaddnet.org to the new server IP address

£10.79 per year, auto-renew via PayPal.

UPDATE 18/11/19

Received an email from kb7ypf@yahoo.com:

“I have been using yaDD 1.7.1 monitoring and logging GMDSS signals. I have been using it for about two weeks. This morning when I started yaDD it worked great, as usual, however, when I went to the web and accessed the message logging page, I got this message: “Failed to connect to MySQL: Access denied for user 'root'@localhost' …….”

Unattended-Upgrade breaks MySQL

I confirmed the same symptoms…

but it was working this morning?!

SSH'd into the server and couldn't access mysql from the commandline, either, same error.

This reminded me of the behaviour of a “stock” mysql server before doing the steps in 1) above.

Found an entry in /var/log/apt/history.log from 06:25 PST (14:25 UTC)

Start-Date: 2019-11-18  06:25:08
Commandline: /usr/bin/unattended-upgrade
Upgrade: mysql-server-5.7:amd64 (5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, 5.7.28-0ubuntu0.18.04.4), mysql-server-core-5.7:amd64 (5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1, 5.7.28-0ubuntu0.18.04.4)
End-Date: 2019-11-18  06:25:29

Looks like “unattended-upgrade” has upgraded mysql, and also reset the normal permissions/privileges. Bloody Hell!

stop mysql
edit mysqld.cnf to add “skip-grant-tables”
start mysql
log in to mysql “mysql -u root”

$ mysql -u root
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '';
mysql>quit;

stop mysql
remove “skip-grant-tables” from mysqd.cnf
start mysql
test…

looks like we lost about 1 hour of DSC loggings while the SQL server refused to talk to us, from 14:25 UTC until ~15:30 UTC when I got it running normally again.

…..and relax!

going forward

Have 2 choices - remove unattended-upgrades package and lose all automatic security upgrades OR configure unattended-upgrades to blacklist mysql-server from upgrades.

https://wiki.debian.org/UnattendedUpgrades and https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates

has some helpful info… found where to blacklist individual packages….

service unattended-upgrades stop

edit /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades to blacklist mysql

	// List of packages to not update (regexp are supported)
	Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist {
			"mysql-server";
			"mysql-server-5.7";
			"mysql-server-core-5.7";
	};

service unattended-upgrades start

check it's running:

gm4slv@lasvegas-nv-datacenter:~$ apt-config dump APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade

APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";

hopefully that will sort it?

Page Updated: 04/06/26 07:39 BST

yaddnet, mysql, apache, linux

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15

Day	Temp/°C	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	23	6H	M1
2	23		M2	V1
3	23	3H	M3
4	23		M4	V2
5	23	9H	M5
6	23		M6	V3
7	23	Dd	M7
8	23		M8	V4
9	23	Du	M9
10	23		M10	V5
11	8	Du	M11
12	23	Du	M12
13	38	Du	M13
14	23	6H	M14
15	23	6H	M15

Day	Pos	Daily rate	Variance
1	6H	M1
2		M2	V1
3	3H	M3
4		M4	V2
5	9H	M5
6		M6	V3
7	Ddn	M7
8		M8	V4
9	Dup	M9
14	6H	M14
15	6H	M15